高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 3 Sports and fitness精品精练

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 3 Sports and fitness精品精练，共17页。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.“Merci” was the nly French wrd that I (掌握)when travelling in Paris.
2.After years f hard training the (运动员) wn an Olympic gld m .
3.All these (体育场) are still functinal, still pen and still (举办) the biggest (比赛项目) in wrld sprt.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Frm my pint f view, (fail)is the mther f success.
2.(易错题)The sccer player suffered terrible injuries his leg.
3.We’re debating whether r nt t g (ski) this winter.
4.It tk Susan several weeks t regain her (strng) after a lng hike.
5.Bys want t becme strng and gd-lking; girls want t be slim and (grace).
6.In the last thirty years, the number f peple jining in physical (fit) prgrams has increased sharply.
7.As a special educatin teacher at the schl, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was prud f his strng (determine).
8.Tday, peple depend n scial media t check the daily headlines and keep track what’s happening in the wrld.
9.Since June 2017, I (help) the panda keepers at the z t feel mre cmfrtable and cnfident speaking English.
10.There will be a badmintn match in the new gym, there?
Ⅲ.选词填空
set an example; give up; make it; cme alng
My deskmate’s English has 1. a lt recently. That’s because he studies very hard. He tells me that success belngs t the persn wh never 2. . He 3. fr me. S I determine t learn frm him and try my best t imprve my English, and I believe I can 4. .
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.我意识到在遇到失败时人们不应该丧失信心,而应该迎接挑战。
I have learned that ne shuld in the face f , but meet the challenge. (读后续写—主旨升华)
2.事实上,国内外关于我国的纪录片非常多。
In fact, dcumentaries abut ur cuntry are plentiful bth .
3.发表题为“做聪明的在线学习者”的演讲,我感到荣幸。(一句多译)
①I a speech titled “Be smart nline learners”.(hnur v.)
②It fr me a speech titled “Be smart nline learners”.(hnur n.)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
“Living Legends f Sprts” must be athletes wh are masters f their sprts and als set gd examples 1 thers. Here are tw f them. One is Lang Ping, a cach wh led the China wmen’s vlleyball team t medals at wrld champinships and 2 Olympics. Befre the 2015 Wrld Cup, she shwed her strng 3 (determine). 4 (face)the challenge that her team was falling apart, she didn’t give 5 . And her yung players wrked tgether as a team and finally made it t the champinship. She is lved by fans at hme and abrad. Anther living legend is Michael Jrdan, 6 (knw) as “Air Jrdan”, wh changed basketball with his 7 (grace) mves and jumps. His skills were impressive, but 8 made him unique was the mental strength that he shwed. He always seemed t find a way t win in the final secnds f a game, and he says the secret t his success is learning frm his many 9 (fail). Jrdan als started the Bys and Girls Club, which 10 (help) yung peple since 1996.
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.语法填空
As the saying ges, “N ne knws the value f health until he lses it.” Frm this, we knw that health is 1 (true) imprtant t everybdy. But hw t keep fit? Many peple believe that sprts can ffer peple health and pleasure. As far as I am cncerned, ding physical exercise 2 (have) lts f advantages.
First f all, ding exercise in the mrning will refresh me as well as giving me a gd appetite t eat my breakfast. What’s mre, the air in the mrning is really fresh and clean, s I can keep my mind clear and sund in the class. If I d nt d any physical exercise fr a lng time, I will feel tired 3 my bdy will becme quite sluggish(缺乏活力的). During the night, I may find 4 harder t fall asleep. Last but nt least, 5 (d) exercise every day will help me build a better persnality. It takes time and patience 6 (d) exercise.Smetimes I just want t give up, but my friends encurage me t carry n. Then I feel a lt f satisfactin. Ding physical exercise makes me strnger and 7 (healthy). That’s my persnal experience.
T be 8 all-rund student, I’m sure sprts are necessary. Yu can pick a sprt 9 yu enjy mst and d it every day. Only in this way can yu build up yur 10 (strng) and stay happy.
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Exercise yu can d at hme
Walking
An effective walking wrkut at hme will help t strengthen yur legs, and yu can get sme lw-impact aerbic exercise as well. If yu dn’t have any available stairs, just walk arund the huse a few times—it may nt be very exciting, but it will d the jb!
Jumping jacks
These are always fun, as they bring back memries f being a kid! Wh didn’t d jumping jacks fr fun as a child? Well, surprise!—They are als great cardi exercise, and gd fr warming up, t.
Push-ups
These are prbably nt the favrite exercise f many peple. While they can be hard t d, yu can find easier ways t d them. Yu dn’t need t pretend yu’re “Rcky”, and d them with ne hand: just d what wrks n yu. D them n yur knees, instead f keeping yur legs straight. Or d them by standing up against a wall. Yu will build up arm strength and exercise muscles in yur chest area.
Leg lifts
These are great fr building up the muscles in yur legs. If yu find it hard t d the exercise with yur legs straight, try bending them slightly.
Crunches
They’re the best exercise fr strengthening belly(腹部) muscles. When yu’re just getting started, dn’t wrry abut getting yur head all the way up. As lng as yu’re ging up until yu feel the stretch(伸展) f the muscles, yu will see sme benefit.
Jgging in place
Jgging is great exercise fr yur heart. Yu can jg in place at hme while watching TV r listening t music. The nly equipment yu will require is a gd pair f shes, t eliminate(消除) any stress n yur legs.
Squats
These are wnderful exercise fr yur legs and bttm. Yu can even just try these by sitting and standing up again frm a regular chair, if yu’re finding them t be t difficult. As lng as yu’re able t d a few runds, yu will prvide sme benefit fr yur bdy.
Dancing
Dancing is wnderful exercise, which is great fr yur heart. Nt nly that, but it can lift yur spirits as well, and give yur verall feeling a bst.
1.Which clumn des this article belng t in the newspaper?
A.Health. B.Entertainment. C.Travel. D.Advertisement.
2.If Tm wants t strengthen his chest muscles, which exercise is mst suitable fr him?
A.Walking. B.Push-ups. C.Jumping jacks. D.Squats.
3.Which f the fllwing are best fr the heart?
A.Walking and Push-ups. B.Leg lifts and Crunches.
C.Squats and Dancing. D.Dancing and Jgging in place.
B
The first time I realized that I had a lve fr sprts cmpetitins was during the Field Day in the elementary schl. Small fr my age, and mre f a bkwrm than a sprts lver, I had suffered that special humiliatin f being picked last fr varius gym teams. The Field Day, which fcused n individual (个体的) skills, was different. In the Sftball Thrw event, I gt my first taste f sprting victry. Credit went t my first cach, my father. He lifted weights every mrning at hme. He bught us all baseball glves and hats, and in the warm mnths, we spent hurs playing catch.
Once I gt t sixth grade and switched t a private schl, ur entire student bdy was assigned t either the Red r the White team. Thrughut the year, we cmpeted against each ther in varius games and exercises fr pints. I eventually became president f the Cmmittee f Games. I als played n the field hckey team and the basketball team. And at hme, playing tennis, skating, skiing and biking were simply nrmal things we did. During the break time, magazines were als quite ppular with us teens. These regularly featured articles n physical exercise. Smehw, my cllege rmmate and I tk up the habit f cmpleting Ryal Canadian Air Frce(RCAF) exercises every day, a practice that cntinued int my marriage, when I had n spare mney t use t jin a gym.
S, thugh it shcks sme f ur friends, that early fundatin (基础) develped in adulthd int a sprts and fitness fcus, cnsidered imprtant even n vacatin. I still lve reading and the arts, t. As far as I’m cncerned, life is the richest with my feet in bth wrlds.
4.What des the underlined wrd “humiliatin” mean in paragraph 1?
A.Respnsibility. B.Amazement. C.Shame. D.Glry.
5.The authr thught she wn in the Sftball Thrw event because f .
A.her cnfidence in her sprts skills
B.the effrts she put int exercise
C.her advanced sprts glves and hats
D.the strng influence f her father
6.What happened after the authr stepped int adulthd?
A.She changed the fcus n reading.
B.She stuck t wrking ut.
C.She regularly exercised n weekends.
D.She jined the Ryal Canadian Air Frce.
7.What is the authr’s purpse f writing the text?
A.T express her lve fr sprts.
B.T shw her father’s guidance n sprts.
C.T stress the advantages f physical exercise.
D.T share her childhd memries f sprts.
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS
Part 1 Listening and Speaking &
Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.athlete;medal 3.stadiums/stadia;hsting;events
Ⅱ 考查名词。设空处后面为系动词is,故设空处作主语。此处表示“失败乃成功之母”,故用名词failure。
2.t 考查介词。表示身体某部位受伤用“injury/injuries t+身体部位”。故填t。
定势纠偏
此题容易受汉语“在……部位上”的影响误用介词n。“injury/injuries t+身体部位”是固定搭配,故排除介词n。
3.skiing 考查固定搭配。g skiing意为“去滑雪”。故填skiing。
4.strength 考查名词。设空处作动词regain的宾语,且由形容词性物主代词her修饰,故填名词strength。regain her strength表示“恢复她的体力”。
学科思维
英语也有“偏旁”,即构成一个词的各个部分,可根据单词的构成来猜测其意思。如本题中的regain,由前缀re-和词根gain两部分构成,re-表示“又,再,重新”,gain表示“获得”,由此可猜测regain表示“重新获得”。了解一些词根和词缀的意思有助于理解一些派生词。
5.graceful 考查形容词。句意:男孩们想要变得强壮和好看,女孩们想要苗条和优雅。设空处与slim并列,作表语,表示“优雅的”。故填graceful。
6.fitness 考查名词。句意:在过去的三十年里,参加健身项目的人数急剧增加。physical fitness prgrams是一个名词短语,意为“健身项目”。故填fitness。
7.determinatin 考查名词。句意:作为学校的一名特殊教育老师,我熟悉戴维所面临的挑战,并为他坚定的决心感到骄傲。设空处被形容词strng修饰,作介词f的宾语,故用名词形式。故填determinatin,意为“决心”,为不可数名词。
8.f 考查介词。句意:如今,人们依靠社交媒体来查看每日头条新闻,了解世界上正在发生的事情。keep track f...为固定搭配,表示“了解/掌握……”。故填f。
9.have been helping 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:从2017年6月开始,我就一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。结合语境可知此处表示动作从过去的某一时间开始一直持续到现在,并且有可能继续下去,强调动作的连续性,应用现在完成进行时,主语为I,故填have been helping。
10. wn’t 考查附加疑问句。句意:在新体育馆将有一场羽毛球比赛, 不是吗? 本句是There be句型,其附加疑问部分为:be动词/情态动词/助动词+there。附加疑问部分的be动词/助动词/情态动词要和陈述部分There后的动词保持一致。本句陈述部分用一般将来时(will),且陈述部分是肯定形式,故附加疑问部分应用wn’t。
Ⅲ alng 2.gives up 3.sets an example
4.make it
Ⅳ lse heart;failure 2.at hme and abrad
3.①am/feel hnured t make/give ②is an hnur;t make/give
能力提升练
Ⅰ 考查介词。set gd examples t/fr...表示“为……树立好的榜样”。
2.the 考查冠词。the Olympics指“奥运会”,故用定冠词the。
3.determinatin 考查名词。 设空处前有形容词性物主代词her和形容词strng修饰,故填名词determinatin,意为“决心”,为不可数名词。
4.Facing 考查现在分词。“ 4 (face) the challenge that her team was falling apart(面对她的团队要瓦解的挑战)”与“she didn’t give 5 (她没有……)”之间无连词,故设空处应用非谓语动词作状语。提示词face与句子主语she之间为主动关系,应用现在分词。注意句首的单词首字母大写。故填Facing。
5.up 考查固定短语。句意:面对她的团队要瓦解的挑战,她没有放弃。give up为固定短语,意为“放弃”,故填up。
6.knwn 考查过去分词。该句中第一个逗号前句子成分完整,且空格前只有逗号,没有连词,故设空处应填非谓语动词。提示词knw与Michael Jrdan之间为被动关系,故填过去分词knwn。
7.graceful 考查形容词。设空处前有形容词性物主代词his,空后为名词短语mves and jumps,故应填形容词graceful,构成“限定词+形容词+中心名词”的名词短语,表示“他优雅的移动和跳跃”。
8.what 考查连接代词。句意:他的技能令人印象深刻,但是使他独一无二的是他所展现的精神力量。该句为but连接的并列复合句,后一个分句中的谓语动词为was,故“ 8 made him unique”为主语从句且从句中缺主语,由后面的表语the mental strength可知这里指代事物,故填what。
9.failures 考查名词复数。设空处由many修饰,故填复数名词failures。这里表示从很多失败的经历中学习,failure 表示失败的人或事物时,为可数名词。
类比启发
类似的词还有success。success在表示成功的人或事物时,为可数名词,而在表示抽象的成功概念时,为不可数名词。
10.has been helping 考查时态和主谓一致。设空处位于关系代词which后,提示词为动词,故应为定语从句中的谓语。根据语境和时间状语since 1996可知,该俱乐部自1996年开始就一直在帮助年轻人。help表示的动作从1996年一直延续到现在,并且有可能还会继续下去,应用现在完成进行时。which引导定语从句,代替the Bys and Girls Club(单数意义)在从句中作主语,故从句谓语动词用单数形式,故填has been helping。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了锻炼给作者带来的一些好处。
1.truly 考查副词。设空处修饰形容词imprtant,作状语,应用副词形式。故填truly。
2.has 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:就我而言,进行体育锻炼有很多好处。设空处陈述一般性的事实,用一般现在时,且主语是一个动名词短语,表示单数意义,故谓语动词用单数形式。故填has。
3.and 考查连词。句意:如果我长时间不进行体育锻炼,我会感觉疲惫,我的身体会变得非常缺乏活力。设空处前面的“I will feel tired”和后面的“my bdy will becme quite sluggish”为并列关系,故填并列连词and。
4.it 考查代词。句意:在晚上,我可能会发现更难入睡。此处为“find it+adj.+t d sth.”结构,it作形式宾语,不定式为真正的宾语。故填it。
5.ding 考查动名词。句意:最后但同样重要的是,每天锻炼有助于我塑造更好的性格。设空处作主语,表示一般性概念,故用动名词形式。故填ding。
6.t d 考查不定式。句意:锻炼需要时间和耐心。本句为“it d sth.”结构,表示“做某事需要……”。其中it是形式主语,不定式是真正的主语。故设空处用不定式。故填t d。
7.healthier 考查形容词比较级。句意:进行体育锻炼使我更强壮、更健康。设空处与前面的strnger(比较级)用并列连词and连接,作makes的宾语补足语,应用形容词比较级。故填healthier。
8.an 考查冠词。句意:为了成为一名全面发展的学生,我确信体育运动是必要的。设空处对名词student起到限定作用,泛指“一名……的学生”,应用不定冠词,且all-rund的发音以元音音素开头,故填不定冠词an。
9.which/that 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,空前主谓宾成分完整,空后缺少enjy的宾语,结合语境可知enjy的宾语即前面的sprt,所以设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作宾语,修饰指物的名词sprt,故用关系代词which或that。句意:你可以选择一项你最喜欢的运动,每天都做。
10.strength 考查名词。设空处被形容词性物主代词yur修饰,故填名词,构成build up ne’s strength,表示“增强某人的体力”。故填strength。
【高频词汇】 1.refresh vt.使恢复精力 2.appetite n.食欲;胃口 3.persnality n.性格;个性 4.patience n.耐心
5.carry n 继续;坚持 6.satisfactin n.满足;满意;欣慰
【熟词生义】 sund adj.健康的
Ⅲ. A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几种可以在家做的锻炼。
1.A 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Exercise yu can d at hme”可知,这篇文章主要介绍的是锻炼,由此可知,文章最可能出现在报纸的健康专栏。故选A。B.娱乐;C.旅游;D.广告。
2.B 细节理解题。根据Push-ups部分中的最后一句“Yu will build up arm strength and exercise muscles in yur chest area.”可知,俯卧撑可以锻炼胸部肌肉。由此可知,如果汤姆想锻炼胸肌,俯卧撑最适合他。故选B。
3.D 细节理解题。根据Jgging in place部分中的“Jgging is great exercise fr yur heart.”及Dancing部分中的“Dancing is wnderful exercise, which is great fr yur heart.”可知,原地慢跑和跳舞这两项运动对心脏最有益。故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.effective adj.有效的;实际的
2.available adj.可用的,可获得的 3.instead f而不是,代替 4.slightly adv.略微;稍微
【熟词生义】 bttm n.臀部
长难句
原句 As lng as yu’re ging up until yu feel the stretch f the muscles, yu will see sme benefit.
分析 本句是主从复合句。As lng as引导条件状语从句,其中含有until引导的时间状语从句。
译文 只要你(的身体)在抬升,直到你感觉到肌肉的拉伸,你就会看到一些成效。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者从小就热爱体育,并且在父亲的指导和培训下第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。于是作者开始参与各种体育运动,并把这种对体育的热爱持续到了成年。
4.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知,作者身材矮小,更像是一个书虫,并且在各种体操队都是最后一个被选中,所以从常识可推知,作者认为这是一种丢脸的事情。结合前面的suffered可知,画线词意为“耻辱”。故选C。A.责任;B.惊奇;D.荣誉。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Credit went t my first cach, my father.”可知,作者认为她在掷垒球比赛中获胜是因为她父亲的影响。故选D。
6.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“that early fundatin develped in adulthd int a sprts and fitness fcus”可知,作者成年后保持了对运动的热爱。故选B。
7.A 推理判断题。文章第一段讲到,在小学的运动日,作者第一次意识到对体育比赛的热爱,并在父亲的影响下在掷垒球比赛中获胜;第二段讲了进入私立学校以及大学后,作者仍痴迷于体育运动;最后一段讲了早期的基础持续到了成年,变成了一种对运动和健身的专注。故推知,作者写这篇文章的目的是表达她对运动的热爱。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.suffer vt.遭受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦 2.fcus n 重视;特别关注 3.switch v.转换;改变 4.assign vt.指派;分派;分配 5.regularly adv.定期地;经常 6.feature v.以……为特色n.特色 7.take up 开始从事;对……产生兴趣 8.shck v.使震惊
【熟词生义】 1.weight n.杠铃片 2.catch n.传接球游戏
长难句
原句 Smehw, my cllege rmmate and I tk up the habit f cmpleting Ryal Canadian Air Frce(RCAF) exercises every day, a practice that cntinued int my marriage, when I had n spare mney t use t jin a gym.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。a practice是前面Ryal Canadian Air Frce(RCAF) exercises的同位语,关系代词that引导定语从句,修饰先行词practice;when引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词marriage。
译文 不知怎的,我和大学室友养成了每天完成加拿大皇家空军训练活动的习惯,这种训练一直持续到我结婚,到那时我就没有多余的钱用来去健身房了。