高考英语【一轮复习】讲义练习选择性必修第一册　UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE

这是一份高考英语【一轮复习】讲义练习选择性必修第一册　UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE，共23页。
In ur interactins with thers, we usually emply apprpriate bdy language, namely, nnverbal language t demnstrate ur internal emtins.Smetimes we have difficulty 1.interpreting and distinguishing gestures because they aren't identical．S we shuld learn t perceive, assess and adjust ur wrds accrdingly.Fr instance, if a persn is 2.embarrassed and ashamed, he will lwer his head, slightly bend his bdy, and stare at the grund.If a persn bils with anger r anxiety, he will have a tendency t crss arms in frnt f his chest, with tears rlling dwn his 3.cheeks．By cntrast, a persn wh apprves f r 4.favrs a plan may be witnessed straightening up and ndding his head.Certainly we can't always make reliable inferences because bdy language 5.differs in different cuntries and varies frm persn t persn.Nevertheless, I still call n peple t reveal bdy language with the purpse f breaking dwn the 6.barriers in ur daily cmmunicatin.
eq \a()
提示：加底纹词汇为本单元复现词汇
eq \a()重难考点
1 vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变(→varius adj.各种不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化；种类)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①Different fruits varying (vary) in nutritinal cntent, sme are rich in vitamins, while thers prvide mre fiber and minerals.
[能力提升]——微写作
②我们俱乐部正在举办各种各样的活动，从演讲比赛到诗歌朗诵不等。
Varieties f/A variety f activities are being held by ur club，varying frm Speech Cntest t Petry Recitatin.(活动介绍)
③沙漠中的温度随一天中的时间而变化，白天非常热，晚上则凉爽得多。
The temperature in the desert can vary with the time f day, being extremely ht during the day and much cler at night.(天气描写)
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(1)vary frm…t…
在……到……之间变化；从……到……不等
vary in sth. 在某方面不同
vary with… 随……而变化
(2)a variety f＝varieties f＝varius 多种多样的
[语料积累] (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The art class was a delightful change frm ur regular classrm sessins.I chse t paint the beautiful flwer garden, which is dtted with vibrant clrs and varius flwers.(活动介绍)
这次美术课与我们常规的课堂相比是一种令人愉快的改变。我选择画美丽的花园，那里点缀着各种鲜艳的色彩和各式各样的花朵。
2 apprve vi.赞成，同意 vt.批准；通过(→apprval n．赞成；同意；通过；认可；批准→apprvingadj.赞许的；许可的→disapprve vi.不赞成；不同意)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①We are eager t win the educatr's apprval t ur prject，but he hasn't given us an apprving gesture up t nw.(apprve)
[能力提升]——一句多译
②如果您能批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。
→We wuld be grateful if yu culd apprve ur prpsal．(apprve)
→We wuld be grateful if yu culd give apprval t ur prpsal．(apprval)
eq \a()
(1)apprve f 赞成，同意
apprve sth. 批准某事
(2)give ne's apprval t sth. 某人批准某事
win ne's apprval 得到某人的批准/同意
[语料积累] ①apprve f her decisin t travel alne(观点态度)
赞成她独自旅行的决定
②After hard wrk, she finally wn her parents' apprval．(心理描写)
经过努力，她终于得到了父母的同意。
3 favur (NAmE ­vr)vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于n.帮助；恩惠；赞同(→favurable adj.赞成的；有利的→favurite adj.最喜欢的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①The students are in favur f extending the lunch break by ten minutes t relax mre between classes.
[能力提升]——微写作
②如果您能帮我一个忙，抽出时间来润色我的求职信和简历，我将不胜感激。
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd d me a favur and spare sme time t plish my applicatin letter and resume.(求助信)
③运动会期间的小雨对她有利，因为她在更凉爽的条件下表现得更好。
The slight rain during the sprts meeting wrked in her favur, as she perfrms better in cler cnditins.(天气描写)
eq \a()
(1)favur sth./ding sth. 较喜欢某事/做某事
(2)ask sb.a favur＝ask a favur f sb.
请求某人帮忙
d a favur fr sb.＝d sb.a favur
帮某人一个忙
we sb.a favur 欠某人的人情
in favur f 赞成；支持
in sb.'s favur 对某人有利
[语料积累] (2022·全国乙卷)It turns ut that students favur the entertaining ways ver the traditinal nes when it cmes t English learning.(投稿)
事实证明，在谈及英语学习方面，学生们更喜欢娱乐的方式而不是传统的方式。
4 ccupy vt.占用；占领；占据(→ccupied adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的→ccupatin n．占领；职业)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①Ultimately，yu must state yur full name，age and ccupatin (ccupy) in yur applicatin frm.
②As they were ccupied (ccupy) in selling ppcrn，they spared n time t play arund.
[能力提升]——句型转换
③Occupying themselves in selling ppcrn，they spared n time t play arund.(用现在分词短语作状语改写②)
④Occupied in selling ppcrn，they spared n time t play arund.(用过去分词短语作状语改写②)
eq \a()
(1)ccupy sb./neself with sth./in ding sth.
忙于做某事
(2)be ccupied with sth./in ding sth. 忙于做某事
[语料积累] ①the ccupied study rms(地点介绍)
使用中的自习室
②During the summer break, Jenny ccupied herself in learning t play the guitar, spending hurs each day n practice.(动作描写)
暑假期间，珍妮忙于学习弹吉他，每天花几个小时练习。
5 adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯(→adjustment n．调整；适应→adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的)
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①The schl chairs are adjustable，s children can make sme adjustments accrding t their height.(adjust)
[能力提升]——微写作
②我没有及时调整相关的信息，我写信向您道歉。
I am writing t aplgize t yu fr my nt adjusting the relevant infrmatin in time．(道歉信)
③我知道你在适应新的学校生活方面有些困难，所以我写信给你一些建议，希望能对你有帮助。
Knwing that yu have sme difficulty in adjusting (yurself) t the new schl life，I'm writing t give yu sme tips，which I hpe will be f help t yu.(建议信)
eq \a()
(1)adjust (neself) t (ding)…
适应……；习惯……
adjust…t… 调整……以适应……
(2)make an adjustment/adjustments 作出调整
[语料积累] (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Mre imprtantly, the shw is scheduled t take place at 7 pm next Mnday.I'm wndering if yu're available.If nt, please let me knw in advance s that I can make adjustments accrdingly.(邀请信)
更重要的是，展览定于下周一晚上7点举行。我想知道你是否有空闲。如果没有，请提前告诉我，以便我可以相应地作出调整。
6 in ther wrds换句话说；也就是说
[基础检测]——用wrd的相关短语填空
①Setting a gal is the first step t success；in ther wrds，if yu want t succeed，yu must set a gal first.
②Sam brke his wrd abut keeping Sarah's secret.Sarah decided t have a wrd with him after class t express hw disappinted she was.Their cnversatin quickly changed as they had wrds with each ther right utside the classrm.Realizing his mistake, Sam aplgized sincerely and vwed t regain Sarah's trust.
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2021·全国甲卷)有消息说我校要开班会，因此我写信请你帮忙。
Wrd came that a class meeting wuld be held in ur schl，s I'm writing t ask yu t d me a favur．(求助信)
eq \a()
in a wrd 总之；简言之
keep ne's wrd 遵守诺言
break ne's wrd 失信；不守诺言
have a wrd with… 与……谈一谈
have wrds with sb. 和某人吵架
wrd came that… 有消息传来说……
[语料积累] (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)“May I have yur phne number? I will call yu and return the mney I we yu.I prmise I will keep my wrd, r yu keep my watch！” I added.(语言、动作描写)
“我可以留下你的电话号码吗？我会打电话给你，归还我欠你的钱。我保证我会信守诺言，否则你可以留着我的手表！”我补充道。
7 call n(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请；呼吁；号召
[基础检测]——用call的相关短语填空
①The twin brthers called n their grandpa n a weekly basis.
②The new prject calls fr a lt f teamwrk, s everyne in the grup must cperate clsely t ensure it is cmpleted n time.
[能力提升]——微写作
③由于浓雾，冠军赛被取消了，这使两支队伍都感到失望，并等待重新安排的日期。
The champinship game was called ff because f heavy fg, leaving bth teams disappinted and waiting fr a rescheduled date.(心理描写)
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call up 给……打电话；使想起
call ff＝cancel 取消
call fr (公开)要求；需要
call in 打电话来；召来，叫来；下令收回
call at 拜访(地点)；(火车等)停留
[语料积累] (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Giving him anther smile, I asked him fr a delay in payment and prmised t call him up and pay him back the mney I wed him.(动作描写)
我再次对他微笑，请求延迟付款，并承诺会给他打电话，还清我所欠的钱。
8 句型公式：way作先行词的定语从句
(教材原句)Wrds are imprtant, but the way peple stand, hld their arms, and mve their hands can als give us infrmatin abut their feelings.
话语十分重要，但是人们站立、双手抱臂和移动双手的姿势也能为我们提供有关他们情感的信息。
[基础检测]——单句语法填空
①He rders his assistants arund in a way that/which is very ffensive.
②The way that/which the prfessr explained t us was simple.
③He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way t make (make) his classes lively and interesting.
[能力提升]——微写作
④使我吃惊的不是他说的内容，而是他说话的方式。
What surprised me was nt what he said but the way (that/in which)he said it.(情感描写)
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句中the way是先行词， peple stand…hands是定语从句，先行词the way在从句中作状语，此处省略了in which或that。若the/a way作先行词且定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，则用关系代词that或which。此外，the way t d sth./f ding sth.是习惯搭配，意为“做……的方式/方法”。
[语料积累] It is n surprise that technlgy is influencing ur scial structures and the way (that/in which) we interact with ne anther.(投稿)
毫不奇怪，技术正在影响我们的社会结构以及我们与他人互动的方式。
9 句型公式：部分否定
(教材原句)Of curse, nt everyne wh lks up is paying attentin in class.
当然，在课堂上不是每个抬头看的学生都在专心听讲。
[基础检测]——补全句子
①Tm asks Jack and Peter t g n a picnic with him，but neither f them want(s) t (他们都不想去)，because they have wrk t d.
[能力提升]——一句多译
②最近的一项调查显示，并非我们学校的所有学生都在业余时间进行体育锻炼。
→A recent survey shws that nt all the students in ur schl take physical exercise in their spare time.
→A recent survey shws that all the students in ur schl dn't take physical exercise in their spare time.
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(1)部分否定：当all，bth，each，every，everybdy，everyne，everything，always，whle，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词nt连用时，便构成部分否定结构，意为“不是……都；并非……都”。
(2)全部否定：当neither，n ne，n，nne，never，nthing，n mre，n lnger，n way，nt…any等表示否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语连用时，便构成全部否定结构。
[语料积累] (2022·全国乙卷)Accrding t the abve graph, it can be seen that nt all f the students adpt the same apprach t learning English.(现象分析)
通过以上图表可以看出，并非所有学生都采用同一种方法学英语。
eq \a()拾遗考点
Ⅰ. 知识点补充
[选词填空]
1．The first half f the game was slw；by cntrast, the secnd half was filled with actin.
2．Frm her hesitant vice, I culd make inferences abut her unwillingness t attend the party.
3．The teacher helped us break dwn the cmplex prblem int manageable parts.
4．She straightened up her desk at the end f the day, preparing fr a fresh start tmrrw.
eq \a()
1．break dwn 消除；分解；打破
2．straighten up 直起来；整理；收拾整齐
3．make inferences 推理；推断
4．by cntrast 相比之下
5．in cnflict with 与……冲突
Ⅱ. 构词法规则
构词法规则——名词后缀­al
名词后缀­al表示行为、状态等。例如本单元中的单词：apprve(vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过)去掉e ＋后缀­al转化成名词apprval(赞成；同意；批准；通过)。名词后缀­al的常用规律如下：
[语境猜词]
1．We were all excited abut the arrival f spring, bringing warmer weather and blming flwers. n. 来临
2．The survival f the species depends n its ability t adapt t changing envirnmental cnditins. n. 存活；幸存
3．The remval f the ld furniture made space fr the new, mdern pieces they had purchased. n. 移走
4．The twn hsts a music festival every summer, attracting visitrs frm all ver the regin. n. 会演，节
5．Prper dispsal f waste is essential t prtecting the envirnment and preventing pllutin. n. 处理
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板块一 夯实根基·提升能力
维度一 阅读理解——一词多义/语境猜词
Ⅰ.一词多义
1．bther
(1)Srry t bther yu，but the manager is n the line.C
(2)(2020·浙江7月卷)My lder brther culdn't be bthered t play with me.A
(3)(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)Dn't be afraid r embarrassed t discuss smething that is bthering yu.B
2．emply
(1)Every day，we students are emplyed in ding endless schlwrk.C
(2)He criticized the extreme methds emplyed by the cuntry's gvernment.A
(3)The bss decided t emply Tm as her secretary because f his utstanding perfrmance.B
3．break dwn
(1)Much t my annyance，my car brke dwn n the way t wrk.C
(2)The peace talks brke dwn with n agreement reached.A
(3)In ther wrds，yur health will break dwn if yu wrk t hard.D
(4)Yu shuld break dwn yur tasks in an apprpriate way s that yu can finish them n time.E
(5)(2020·天津7月卷)The “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help break dwn the invisible scial barrier that keeps peple frm saying hell.B
Ⅱ.语境猜词
1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)We sat dwn next t each ther, but David wuldn't lk at me.He lwered his head.v. 把……放低
[点拨]lwer(熟义) adj.下面的；下方的；较小的。此处用作动词，意为“把……放低”。
2．Peter's leaving at the end f this week—hence his anxiety t get his wrk finished.n. 急切；渴望
[点拨]anxiety (熟义) n．焦虑；担心；害怕。此处意为“急切；渴望”。
3．(2021·全国甲卷)Suthbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the centre f British skatebarding，where the cntinuus crashing f skatebards left yur head ringing.n. 拐弯处
[点拨]bend (熟义) vt. & vi(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向。此处用作名词，意为“拐弯处”。
维度二 语法填空——词形转换/固定搭配/单元语法(动词­ing形式作宾语和表语)
1．The activities in ur summer camp vary frm swimming and hiking t arts and crafts wrkshps.
2．When she slved the difficult math prblem, she lked up t see her teacher's apprving (apprve) eyes.
3．She did a favur fr her neighbur by watering the plants while they were n vacatin.
4．She was ccupied (ccupy) in rganizing the charity event, dedicating all her free time t planning.
5．After receiving feedback, she made an adjustment (adjust) t her presentatin t better engage her audience.
6．He finished all the tasks ahead f schedule; in ther wrds, he was free fr the weekend.
7．She decided t call n her friend t discuss (discuss) the grup prject ver the weekend.
8．He has a grwing tendency (tend) t frget things as he becmes lder.
9．Frm my pint f view, what benefits students mst is reading (read) English bks.
10．We recmmend bking (bk) tickets early, as this is a ppular event.
维度三 单句表达——翻译句子/句式升级
1．对他来说，没有什么比周末和队友们踢足球更好的了。
Fr him, nthing is better than playing sccer with his teammates n weekends．(人物描写)
2．放学后，她修理了自行车。
She had her bicycle repaired after schl．(情景描写)
3．尽管她很紧张，她仍然尽了最大的努力。
While she was nervus, she still gave it her best effrt．(心理描写)
4．有消息传来说，他们最喜欢的乐队要来开演唱会了。
Wrd came that their favrite band was cming fr a cncert．
5．Nt all f the fruits in the basket were ripe; sme f them still needed a few mre days.
→All f the fruits in the basket were nt ripe; sme f them still needed a few mre days.(同义句转换)
板块二 主题引领·情境写作
维度一 基础写作——补全佳作并背诵
用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。
1．As fr bdy language in ur daily lives, I'd like t share sme with yu t avid any embarrassment(关于我们日常生活中的肢体语言，我想和大家分享一些，以避免尴尬；I'd like t d)．
We 2.use wrds and bdy language t interact with thers(用语言和肢体语言与他人交流), trying t express ur thughts and pinins mre language varies frm culture t culture(肢体语言因文化而异). Fr example, in sme cuntries, ndding means disagreement 4.while in ther cuntries, it means apprval(而在其他国家则表示赞同；while引导并列句)．Sme bdy language has many different uses.Perhaps the best example is smiling.Smile has many functins.Nt nly can it be used t aplgise, t greet smene, but als it can be used 5.t break dwn barriers(打破隔阂), etc.T better prmte crss－culture cmmunicatin, 6.we shuld use bdy language apprpriately(我们应该恰当地使用肢体语言)．
维度二 读后续写微技能20——动作细节描写：动“手臂”
[语言素材]——输入必备知识
[跟踪演练]——提升关键能力
任务1 单句表达
1．他挥舞着手臂，向前跑着。
He was running frward, waving his arms. (非谓语动词)
2．她转过身，想同他保持距离。
She turned arund, trying t keep him at arm's length．
3．妈妈将手伸到桌子对面，碰了下爸爸的胳膊。
Mama reached acrss the table and tuched Papa's arm．(译林版必修一U2)
4．她交叉着双臂，盯着他，好像做了什么聪明的事。
She flded her arms and stared at him as if she had dne smething clever.
5．他伸出一只手，抓住她的胳膊，冲向火车站。
He reached ut a hand, caught hld f/caught/grabbed her arm and rushed t the railway statin.
任务2 语段表达
After the schl cncert, Lily was searching fr her mm in the crwded hall. When she finally sptted her, Lily rushed frward 1.with pen arms (双臂张开). Her mm saw her cming and 2.held ut her arms (伸出双臂), ready t embrace her daughter. As they met, 3.Lily put/threw her arms arund her mm (莉莉搂住了妈妈), feeling a sense f relief and jy. Her mm smiled and 4.pulled her int her arms (把她拉入怀中), hlding her tightly. They walked ut f the schl 5.arm in arm (臂挽臂), discussing the perfrmance and hw well it had gne. Lily felt s happy t share this mment with her mm, wh had supprted her every step f the way.
————基础默测—————
eq \a() 默写达标
一、阅读单词晓词义
1．fake adj. 假装的；假的；冒充的
2．trial n. & v. 审讯；审判；试验；试用
3．intervene vi. 干预；介入
4．waist n. 腰；腰部
5．barrier n. 隔阂；障碍
6．identical adj. 相同的
7．interpret vt. 把……理解(解释)为 vi. & vt. 口译
8．nnverbal adj. 不涉及言语的；非言语的
9．internal adj. 内部的；里面的
10．slump vi. 垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
11．ceiling n. 天花板；上限
12．cmpnent n. 组成部分；零件
二、核心单词写得准
1．reveal vt. 揭示；显示；露出
2．clarify vt. 使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清
3．witness vt. 当场看到；目击；见证 n. 目击者；证人
4．bw vi. 鞠躬；点头 vt. 低(头) n. 弓；蝴蝶结
5．weep vi. & vt. 哭泣；流泪
6．pse n. 故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi. 摆好姿势 vt. 造成(威胁、问题等)
7．bend vt. & vi. (bent，bent) (使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向
8．apprpriate adj. 合适的；恰当的
9．bther vi. & vt. 费心；麻烦；因……操心 n. 麻烦；不便
10．tick vt. 给 (试卷、问题等)打钩号 vi. (钟表)发出嘀嗒声 n. 钩号
11．lwer vt. 把……放低；降低；减少 adj. 下面的；下方的；较小的
12．imply vt. 意味着；暗示
13．cnflict n. 矛盾；冲突 vi. 冲突；抵触
14．perceive vt. 察觉；看待；理解
15．ultimately adv. 最终；最后
三、拓展单词通变化
1．distinguish vi. & vt. 区分；辨别→distinguished adj. 著名的；卓越的；杰出的
2．vary vi. (根据情况)变化；改变→variety n. 变化；多样化；多变性→varius adj. 各种各样的
3．apprve vi. 赞成；同意 vt. 批准；通过→apprval n. 同意；赞成→disapprve vi. 不同意
4．demnstrate vt. 表现；说明；表达；证明→demnstratin n. 表现，说明
5．emply vt. 使用；应用；雇用→emplyer n. 雇主→emplyee n. 雇员；雇工→emplyment n. 雇用；使用；就业
6．adjust vt. 调整；调节 vi. & vt. 适应；(使)习惯→adjustment n. 调整；适应→adjustable adj. 可调节的
7．differ vi. 相异；不同于→different adj. 不同的→difference n. 差异；不同
8．favur vt. 较喜欢；选择；有利于 n. 帮助；恩惠；赞同→favurable adj. 赞成的；支持的；有利的
9．embarrass vt. 使窘迫；使尴尬；使为难→embarrassed adj. 难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassing adj. 令人难堪的；令人尴尬的→embarrassment n. 窘迫；尴尬；难堪
10．rely v. 依赖；依靠→reliable adj. 可靠的；可信赖的→reliance n. 依赖；依靠；信任
11．assess vt. 评估；评价→assessment n. 评价；评定
12．educate vt. 教育→educatin n. 教育→educatr n. 教师；教育工作者；教育家→educated adj. 受过教育的→educatinal adj. 教育的；有教育意义的
13．tend v. 倾向；往往会；照料；看护→tendency n. 趋势；倾向
14．inquire (＝enquire) vi. & vt. 询问；打听→inquiry n. 询问
15．ccupy vt. 占据；占用→ccupatin n. 工作；职业；占领；占用
16．distract vt. 分散 (注意力)；使分心→distractin n. 使人分心的事；消遣；娱乐
17．anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；害怕→anxius adj. 焦虑的；渴望的→anxiusly adv. 焦急地；担忧地
四、重点词块明搭配
1．by cntrast 相比之下
2．by cmparisn (与……)相比较
3．make inferences 推理；推断
4．break dwn 消除；分解；打破
5．straighten up 直起来；整理；收拾整齐
6．in ther wrds 换句话说；也就是说
7．call n (短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请
8．at wrk 有某种影响；在工作
9．vary frm culture t culture 因文化的不同而不同
10．lk int ne's eyes 注视某人的眼睛
五、教材佳句会运用
1．相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。(部分否定)
In ther cuntries, by cntrast, eye cntact is nt always apprved f．
2．如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级)
And if we are feeling dwn r lnely, there is nthing better than seeing the smiling face f a gd friend．
3．所以，如果一名学生低头看手表，这就表明他觉得无聊，数着时间，只盼早点下课。(have＋名词＋过去分词)
S if a student has his head lwered t lk at his watch, it implies he is bred and just cunting the minutes fr the class t end.
4．尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。(while引导让步状语从句)
While it is easy t perceive when students are interested, bred, r distracted, it is smetimes much harder t distinguish when students are trubled.
eq \a() 基础检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Being utging and helpful, I am cnfident that vlunteering is an apprpriate (适合的) jb t me.
2．A survey f the British diet has revealed (显示) that a grwing number f peple are verweight.
3．These mvies were nt nly making mney; they were als perceived (看待，视为) t be riginal.
4．She always bthers (费心) t prepare a special breakfast fr her family n weekends.
5．She wept (哭泣) quietly in her rm after reading the sad ending f her favrite bk.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The new restaurant ffers a wide variety (vary) f dishes, s there is always smething new fr custmers t try each time they visit.
2．He waited nervusly fr his parents' apprval (apprve) befre signing up fr the schl trip, hping they wuld agree.
3．After a few adjustments (adjust) t the plan, the event went smthly, and everyne enjyed themselves.
4．The tw brthers have very different (differ) persnalities; ne is quiet and likes reading, while the ther is utging and enjys sprts.
5．He felt a deep sense f embarrassment (embarrass) when he accidentally spilled his drink at the dinner party in frnt f everyne.
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Nw he has made up his mind t launch a campaign t call n peple t respect the disabled and give them encuragement t live as rich and full a life as they d.
2．By cmparisn with last year, the price f beef has increased sharply.
3．She has gd handwriting and is gd at writing articles. In ther wrds, she is qualified fr a secretary.
4．It was the bright smile n her face that brke dwn my feeling f embarrassment, s we began talking happily.
5．Helen was straightening up her bedrm when she heard her mther crying fr help in the kitchen.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1．并非每个学生都真正理解这项活动的重要性。(部分否定)
Nt every student is/Every student is nt really aware f the imprtance f the activity.
2．散步锻炼有时可能会很乏味，但是在一个阳光灿烂的早上进行的话，没有比这个更好的了。(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级)
Walking exercise may be bring at times, but n a clear sunny mrning nthing culd be better．
3．爬山时，她的脚受伤了。(have＋名词＋过去分词)
She had her feet hurt when climbing the muntain.
课时作业20
(总分：35分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
eq \a()
(2024·云南昆明高三质检)
Rushing dwn the path, the traceur(跑酷者) is n the lkut fr his next bstacles such as fire escapes, walls r fences. As sn as he realizes a massive brick wall stands between him and where he wants t be, he unintentinally grabs n the wall with his hands and lifts himself t stand n tp f it. His next mve is a jump that lands him back n slid grund. Hwever, nticing that he is unstable, he rlls t avid injuries.
Traceurs are athletes wh perfrm remarkable gymnastics actins in urban envirnments. Serius traceurs are fascinated nt just by the physical challenges f Parkur, but by its philsphy. Thse wh learn t excel at Parkur claim t develp nt just physical fitness, but increased self­cnfidence and critical thinking skills, as they train themselves t find ways arund every bstacle in their paths.
Because f these philsphical fundatins, Parkur is ften described by traceurs as mre f a lifestyle r an art frm than a sprt. Passinate traceurs are determined t keep Parkur frm becming a cmpetitive attempt. Cmpetitin, they argue, devalues the philsphical thery behind Parkur. Peple wh practice Parkur shuld be mre cncerned with their relatinship t the envirnment than with a ticking clck, a scre r a cheering crwd. Furthermre, traceurs shuld wrk with each ther t imprve cnfidence, awareness and unity. Cmpetitin, they argue, nly brings abut feelings f cnflict and disharmny.
While Parkur purists suggest that the philsphy behind Parkur helps t limit injuries, they must remember that nt everyne wh tries t leap ver a mailbx is an experienced traceur trying t get in tuch with his r her envirnment. Adlescents attempting t carry ut these acrbatic(杂技的) skills culd severely injure themselves. S while newcmers t Parkur might be eager t investigate this art f mvement, it wuld be wise fr them t remember the physicality behind the philsphy. After all, philsphy is nt much gd t a brken leg.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述社会上出现的一种体育爱好者——跑酷者，并阐述跑酷的哲学，同时针对跑酷新手提出一些建议。
1．Why des the authr describe a traceur at the beginning？( A )
A．T illustrate what Parkur is like.
B．T teach ways f aviding injuries.
C．T explain different Parkur mves.
D．T highlight the ppularity f sprts.
解析：细节理解题。本文第一段讲述了沿着小路向下冲，然后当跑酷者意识到一堵巨大的砖墙挡在他和他想去的地方之间时，他用手抓住墙，然后站在墙上。他的下一个动作是跳跃，使他落到坚实的地面上。然而，注意到自己的不稳定，他便开始翻滚以避免受伤。由此可知，作者开头谈到跑酷者是想告诉读者跑酷到底是什么样的，故选A。
2．Hw can Parkur enhance a traceur's self­cnfidence？( C )
A．By strengthening physical fitness.
B．By winning Parkur cmpetitins.
C．By building faith in cnquering barriers.
D．By grasping sme philsphical theries.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Thse wh learn t…increased self­cnfidence and critical thinking skills, as they train themselves t find ways arund every bstacle in their paths.”可知，跑酷不仅可以锻炼身体素质，还可以在绕过障碍物的过程使跑酷者增强自信心和批判性思维能力。故选C项。
3．What d we knw abut serius and pure traceurs？( C )
A．They are aware f hw t treat injuries.
B．They suggest individual effrts in the sprt.
C．They stress the relatinship t the envirnment.
D．They are mre cncerned with remarkable actins.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Peple wh practice Parkur shuld be mre cncerned with their relatinship t the envirnment than with a ticking clck, a scre r a cheering crwd.”和第四段中的“they must remember that nt everyne wh tries t leap ver a mailbx is an experienced traceur trying t get in tuch with his r her envirnment”可知，他们都强调了跑酷与环境之间的关系，故选C。
4．What des the authr advise newcmers t d？( D )
A．Face physical challenges bldly.
B．Learn frm experienced traceurs.
C．Start frm leaping ver a mailbx.
D．Cnsider the risk f severe harm.
解析：细节理解题。最后一段谈到试图跑酷的青少年可能会严重伤害自己，虽然跑酷新手可能渴望研究这种运动艺术，但对他们来说，要注意考虑严重伤害的风险。毕竟，这门哲学对断腿没有多大好处。由此可知，作者建议跑酷新手要注意严重伤害的风险，故选D。
eq \a()
(2025·重庆两江育才中学高三月考)
A new study reveals that pigens(鸽子) can tackle sme prblems just like artificial intelligence, enabling them t slve difficult tasks that might challenge humans. Previus research has therized that pigens emply a prblem­slving strategy, invlving a trial­and­errr apprach, which is similar t the apprach used in AI mdels but differs frm humans' reliance n selective attentin and rule use. T examine it, Brandn Turner, a psychlgy prfessr at The Ohi State University, and his clleagues cnducted the new study.
In the study, the pigens were presented with varius visual images, including lines f different widths and angles, and different types f rings. The pigens had t peck(啄) a buttn n the right r left t indicate the categry t which the image belnged. If they gt it crrect, they received fd; if they were wrng, they received nthing. Results shwed that, thrugh trial and errr, the pigens imprved their accuracy in categrizatin tasks, increasing their crrect chices frm abut 55% t 95%．
Researchers believed pigens used assciative learning, which is linking tw phenmena with each ther. Fr example, it is easy t understand the link between “water” and “wet”. “Assciative learning is frequently assumed t be far t primitive t explain cmplex visual categrizatin like what we saw the pigens d，” Turner said. But that's exactly what the researchers fund.
The researchers' AI mdel tackled the same tasks using just the tw simple mechanisms that pigens were assumed t use: assciative learning and errr crrectin. And, like the pigens, the AI mdel learned t make the right predictins t significantly increase the number f crrect answers. Fr humans, the challenge when given tasks like thse given t pigens is that they wuld try t cme up with rules that culd make the tasks easier. But in this case, there were n rules, which upsets humans.
“What's interesting, thugh, is that pigens use this methd f learning that is very similar t AI designed by humans，” Turner said. “We celebrate hw smart we are that we designed artificial intelligence; at the same time, we regard pigens as nt clever animals，” he said.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。科学家发现鸽子可以像人工智能一样解决一些复杂的问题。
5．What is the purpse f the new study？( A )
A．T test a thery.
B．T evaluate a mdel.
C．T emply a strategy.
D．T invlve an apprach.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Previus research has therized that pigens emply a prblem­slving strategy…T examine it, Brandn Turner…and his clleagues cnducted the new study.”可知，Brandn Turner和他的同事之所以展开新的研究，是为了验证之前研究提出的理论。故A项正确。
6．What were the pigens expected t d in the experiment？( D )
A．Draw circles.B．Crrect errrs.
C．Cpy gestures.D．Identify images.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The pigens had t peck(啄)a buttn n the right r left t indicate the categry t which the image belnged.”可知，实验中鸽子需要按动左右按钮来确认图像所属的类别，即识别图像。故D项正确。
7．What d pigens and AI have in cmmn accrding t the study？( D )
A．They are f equal intelligence.
B．They are gd at making rules.
C．They respnd rapidly t rders frm humans.
D．They emply simple ways t get things dne.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The researchers' AI mdel tackled the same tasks using just the tw simple mechanisms that pigens were assumed t use”可知，研究人员的人工智能模型也使用了鸽子使用的简单方法来处理相同的任务，这是二者的共同之处。故D项正确。
8．What can be a suitable title fr the text？( C )
A．Pigens' trial­and­errr methd is revealed
B．Pigens utperfrm humans in tugh tasks
C．“Nt smart” pigens may be as smart as AI
D．AI mdels after pigens' learning apprach
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“A new study reveals that pigens(鸽子) can tackle sme prblems just like artificial intelligence”和最后一段中的“We celebrate hw smart we are…we regard pigens as nt clever animals”可知，本文首尾呼应，都讲到了我们认为不怎么聪明的鸽子可以像人工智能一样去解决问题，故C项“‘不怎么聪明的’鸽子可能和人工智能一样聪明”适合作本文的标题。
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
(2024·福建福州高三模拟)
When we think f the Silk Rad, the first thing that appears in peple's minds is trade. Hwever, trade isn't just limited t gds 1 includes culture.
Since ancient times, strng cnnectins between the Chinese and the Turkish peple 2 (build) by cultural exchange alng the Silk Rad. Sme histrians believe Karagz, Turkish traditinal shadw puppetry (皮影), drew 3 (inspire) frm Chinese shadw puppetry art. Karagz riginally 4 (find) its place in Bursa, a city in nrthwestern Turkey, and it first rse t ppularity in the 16th century.
Karagz is a dramatic frm f strytelling 5 shadws are prjected nt a white screen, with a multitasking perfrmer 6 (sing) the tunes and wrds f the stry and the lead puppeteer cntrlling the mvement f the puppets. The perfrmances 7 (main) center arund scial events and public criticism, whse primary bjective is 8 (educate) peple via entertainment.
The traditin's ppularity in Turkey is credited 9 peple's sense f nstalgia (怀旧). Histrically, Karagz perfrmances served as 10 educatinal tl fr peple f all classes. As sciety prgresses, there is ften a tendency t recnnect with the past.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了土耳其传统皮影戏卡拉戈兹。
1．but
解析：考查连词。句意：然而，贸易不仅限于商品，还包括文化。此处为固定搭配nt just…but…，表示“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
2．have been built
解析：考查时态和语态。句意：自古以来，中国人和土耳其人民就通过丝绸之路的文化交流建立起紧密的联系。主语cnnectins与谓语构成被动关系，根据时间状语Since ancient times可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been built。
3．inspiratin
解析：考查名词。句意：一些历史学家认为，土耳其传统皮影戏卡拉戈兹的灵感来自中国皮影戏艺术。空处作动词的宾语，应用名词inspiratin，不可数。故填inspiratin。
4．fund
解析：考查时态。句意：卡拉戈兹最初出现在土耳其西北部的城市布尔萨，并于16世纪开始流行起来。根据后文rse可知为一般过去时。故填fund。
5．where
解析：考查定语从句。句意：卡拉戈兹是一种戏剧形式的讲故事，影子投射到白色屏幕上，一个多任务的表演者唱着故事的曲调和歌词，主要的木偶师控制木偶的运动。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词frm，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
6．singing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处为with的复合结构，sing与perfrmer为主动关系，故用动词－ing形式作宾补。故填singing。
7．mainly
解析：考查副词。句意：这些表演主要围绕社会事件和公众批评展开，其主要目的是通过娱乐来教育人们。修饰动词center应用副词mainly，故填mainly。
8．t educate
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意同上。主语为bjective，说明主语的内容，应用不定式作表语。故填t educate。
9．t
解析：考查介词。句意：这一传统在土耳其的流行归功于人们的怀旧情怀。固定短语be credited t表示“归功于……”。故填t。
10．an
解析：考查冠词。句意：从历史上看，卡拉戈兹表演充当了对各阶层人民进行教育的工具。此处表泛指，且educatinal是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
barrier；cheek；differ；embarrass；favr；interpret
A.v.费心，麻烦 B．v.使烦恼 C．v.打扰
A.v.使用，利用 B．v.雇用 C．v.忙于
A.(谈判)失败 B．消除 C．(机器等)出故障
D．(身体)垮掉 E．分解
假定你是李华，请你以“Bdy Language”为主题写一篇文章，向校英文报投稿。内容包括：
1．肢体语言的多样性；
2．肢体语言的作用。
1．tuch ne's arm 碰了下某人的胳膊
2．catch hld f/catch/grab ne's arm 抓住某人的胳膊
3．fld/wave ne's arms 某人交叉/挥舞双臂
4．keep sb. at arm's length 同某人保持距离
5．take ne's arm 挽住某人的胳膊
6．pull sb. int ne's arms 拉某人入怀
7．hld ut/pen ne's arms 某人伸出/张开双臂
8．put/thrw ne's arms arund sb. 搂住某人
9．with crssed/pen arms双臂交叉/张开
10．arm in arm 臂挽臂
break dwn；call n；in ther wrds；by cmparisn；straighten up