英语八年级上册（2024）Unit 2 Amazing numbersSection 2 Exploring and applying rules (Grammar)教课ppt课件

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recrd and present infrmatin with numbers in English
use cardinal and rdinal numbers crrectly.
understand hw numbers develped and hw they differ between cultures.
点击水果，大声地读出每个水果后面的数字
137, 10314, 2012
Octber 3, 2025
21 June, 2025
January 18, 2026
142857 × 1 = 142857142857 × 2 = 285714142857 × 3 = 428571142857 × 4 = 571428142857 × 5 = 714285142857 × 6 = 857142142857 × 7 = 999999
142857：神秘的宇宙密码
在数学的奇妙世界里，有一个令人叹为观止的数字：142857，它也被称作“宇宙密码”。这个数字不仅在数学上有着独特的性质，还与一些历史事件有着神秘的联系。你知道吗？2008年汶川地震的发生时间正好是14:28:57，这或许是一种巧合，但也让人不禁联想到这个数字的神秘力量。这个数字的奇妙之处在于，无论你乘以1到9中的任何一个数字，结果总是由这几个数字的组合构成。
We use cardinal numbers t cunt things.
11 eleven 15 fifteen 20 twenty 82 eighty-tw 12 twelve 18 eighteen 50 fifty 98 ninety-eight
100 ne hundred 385 three hundred and seventy-five1,000 ne thusand 100,000 ne hundred thusand4,189 fur thusand ne hundred and eighty-nine
1,000,000 2,000,000
1,000,000,0003,000,000,000
ne millin tw millin
ne billin three billin
A Cardinal numbers
•When we read ut numbers, we d nt add -s t the wrds hundred, thusand, millin and billin.• We put and between hundred and ten.
A 基数词1 基数词：表示数目的词称为基数词。 1-10 1 ne, 2 tw, 3 three, 4 fur, 5 five, 6 six, 7 seven, 8 eight, 9 nine, 10 ten 11-19 (1) 由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成： 14 furteen，16 sixteen，17 seventeen，19 nineteen 11 eleven， 12 twelve， 13 thirteen， 15 fifteen， 18 eighteen
21-99 （1）整数几十的共同特点是以-ty结尾： ① 由其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成： 60 sixty，70 seventy，90 ninety ② 特殊形式： 20 twenty，30 thirty, 40 frty，50 fifty，80 eighty 2）表示几十几时，在几十和个位基数词之间添加连字符“-”。如： 27 twenty-seven 81 eighty-ne百位数 表示“几百”用“个位基数词+hundred”，在百位数与十位数或个位数之间加上and。如： 100 a / ne hundred 320 three hundred and twenty 502 five hundred and tw 948 nine hundred and frty-eight
千位数以上 阿拉伯数字从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号“，”。 从右开始，第一个“，”前的数字后添加 thusand（千），第二个 “，”前面的数字后添加 millin（百万）。千位数以上，当百位为0时，百位与十位之间不用加and。如： 1,000 a / ne thusand 2,000,000 tw millin 2,648 tw thusand six hundred and frty-eight 16,250,064 sixteen millin tw hundred and fifty thusand sixty-fur
当hundred, thusand, millin前有确切的数字时，不能使用复数形式；当表示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万、数以百万计等时，则用复数形式+f表示。如：There are hundreds f students n the playgrund．操场上有好几百名学生。Thusands f peple tk part in the activity. 成千上万的人参与了这个活动。Dinsaurs lived n Earth fr millins f years. 恐龙在地球上生存了数百万年。
1st first 7th seventh 13th thirteenth 19th nineteenth2nd secnd 8th eighth 14th furteenth 20th twentieth3rd third 9th ninth 15th fifteenth 21st twenty-first4th furth 10th tenth 16th sixteenth 33rd thirty-third5th fifth 11th eleventh 17th seventeenth 40th frtieth6th sixth 12th twelfth 18th eighteenth 100th hundredth
We use rdinal numbers t shw the rder f things.
Ordinal numbers
We frm mst rdinal numbers by adding -th t the cardinal numbers, except first, secnd and third. Fr numbers f 21 and abve, the rdinal number is frmed based n the last digit (21st, 22nd, 23rd, etc,).
除了第一、第二和第三个之外，我们通过将-th加到基数上来形成大多数序数。对于21及以上的数字，序数基于最后一位数字变成序数词形成。
2 序数词：表示顺序的词称为序数词。 基数词变序数词的口诀： 基变序，有规律 　 1,2,3特殊记，其余都加th (first, secnd, third) 8少t，9去e，千万别忘记 (eighth, ninth) 逢5逢12，ve变f (fifth, twelfth) 20到90，y要变ie (twentieth, ninetieth) 若是几十几，只变个位就可以(ninety-first) 序数词的缩写形式：由阿拉伯数字+序数词的末尾两个字母组成。如： first — 1st secnd — 2nd third — 3rd furth — 4th sixth — 6th twentieth — 20th twenty-third — 23rd
3 数词的常见用法： 表示事物的编号，用“名词+基数词”或“the+序数词+名词”。如： Rm 308 308房 the fifth flr 五楼 the Furth Lessn = Lessn Fur 第四课 表示年月日，“年”用基数词，“日”用序数词。如： 1 Octber, 1949 1949年10月1日 读作：the first f Octber, nineteen frty-nine 表示时间，用基数词。如： 2∶10 tw ten 3∶30 three thirty / half past three
表示百分数，用基数词。如： 80% eighty per cent 33% thirty-three per cent 表示小数，用基数词。如： 0.24 (zer) pint tw fur 10.75 ten pint seventy-five 表示电话号码，用基数词。如： 8370 9295 eight three seven , nine tw nine five 表示年龄，用基数词。表示第几个生日，用序数词。如： Tm is five (years ld). 汤姆五岁了。 Tmrrw is Tm’s fifth birthday. 明天是汤姆的五岁生日。 表示分数，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；如果分子大于1，分母要用复数。1 / 5 ne fifth 2/5 tw-fifths
1 Lk at the infrmatin abut the three lngest rivers in the wrld. Take turns asking and answering questins abut the rivers.
The Nile RiverAfrica6,671 km
S1: Which is the first-lngest river in the wrld? Where is it? Hw lng is It?S2: The Nile River is the first-lngest river; It’s in Africa. It’s abut 6,671 km lng.
The Amazn RiverSuth America6,480 km
S1: Which is the secnd-lngest river in the wrld? Where is it? Hw lng is It?S2: The Amazn River is the secnd-lngest river, It’s in Suth America. It’s abut 6,480 km lng.
The Yangtze RiverAsia6,300 km
S1: Which is the third-lngest river in the wrld? Where is it? Hw lng is It?S2: The Yangtze River is the third-lngest river, It’s in Asia. It’s abut 6,300 km lng.
The students are standing in a line. They each have a number (frm 1 t 28). Fill in the blanks with cardinal numbers n the left and rdinal numbers n the right.
twenty-third
twenty-eighth
2 Lk at the list f the highest muntains in Asia, Nrth America and Africa Describe the muntains with cardinal and rdinal numbers.
Rank Name Height Cntinent 1 Mt. Qmlangma 8,848.86 m Asia 2 Mt. Qgir 8,611 m Asia 3 Mt. Kanchenjunga 8,586 m Asia
The tallest muntain in Asia is Muntain Qmlangma It is 8,848.86 metres highMuntain Qgir is the secnd-highest in Asia. It is 8,611 metres high. Muntain Kanchenjunga is the third highest in Asia. It is 8,586 metres high.
Rank Name Height Cntinent 1 Mt. Denali 6,190 m Nrth America 2 Mt. Lgan 5,959 m Nrth America 3 Pic de Orizaba 5,610 m Nrth America
The tallest muntain in Nrth America is Muntain Denali. It is 6,190 metres highMuntain Lgan is the secnd-highest in Nrth America. It is 5,959 metres high. Pic de Orizaba is the third highest in Nrth America. It is 5,610 metres high.
Rank Name Height Cntinent 1 Mt. Kilimanjar 5,895 m Africa 2 Mt. Kenya 5,199 m Africa 3 Mt. Stanley 5,109 m Africa
The tallest muntain in Africa is Muntain Kilimanjar. It is 5,895 metres high.Muntain Kenya is the secnd-highest in Africa. It is 5,199 metres high. Muntain Stanley is the third highest in Africa. It is 5,109 metres high.
1.表示事物的编号，用“名词+基数词”或“the+序数词+名词”。如： Rm 308 308房 the fifth flr 五楼2.表示年月日，“年”用基数词，“日”用序数词。如： 1 Octber, 1949 1949年10月1日3.表示时间，用基数词。如： 2∶10 tw ten 3∶30 three thirty / half past three 4.表示百分数，用基数词。如：80% eighty per cent 33% thirty-three per cent 5.表示小数，用基数词。如：0.24 (zer) pint tw fur 10.75 ten pint seventy-five
6.表示电话号码，用基数词。如：8370 9295 eight three seven , nine tw nine five 7.表示年龄，用基数词。表示第几个生日，用序数词。如：Tm is five (years ld). 汤姆五岁了。8.表示分数，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；如果分子大于1，分母要用复数。1 / 5 ne fifth 2/5 tw-fifths
考向二、数词几个固定结构(1) hundred, thusand, millin, billin等前面有具体数字或several时，用单数形式，但表示不确切的数目时，用hundreds / thusands / millins / billins f等。如：There are fur hundred pupils in the primary schl.Hundreds f peple get tgether at the statin.(2) “数词+名词”构成的复合形容词，该名词用单数形式。如：a seven-day hliday, an 8-metre-lng stick(3) 表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于 1 时，分母用复数形式。如：ne third(三分之一)， three fifths(五分之三)
1, We have learned hw t use cardinal and rdinal numbers.
1. Mrs. Smith has ________sns and her ________sn is a sprts star.A. three; three B. third; third C. three; third D. third; three2. Schl activities are fun in December. We have _____ ball games, and the sccer game is n ____ day f December.A. five; the secnd B. the fifth; the secnd C. five; tw D. the fifth; tw3. —China’s Shenzhu-19 manned spaceship launched n April 29, 2025. —Yeah. ________ Chinese peple waited fr the exciting mment.A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred f D. Hundreds f4. We have ________ terms in a year. The ________ term is frm February t July.A. secnd; tw B. tw; secnd C. tw; tw D. secnd; secnd5. The river is ________.A. 100 meter lng B. 100-meter-lng C. 100 meters’ lng D. 100 meters lng
6. There are _____ students in ur schl, but nly ___ f them are girls.A. hundreds f; tw hundred B. hundred f; tw hundredsC. hundreds f; tw hundreds D. hundred f; tw hundred7. It’s Octber 10th. Lucy is ___ years ld nw. Tday is her ____ birthday.A. twelve, twelfth B. twelfth, twelve C. twelve, twelve D. twelfth, twelfth8. Abut _____ f the engineers in the IT cmpany seem t be in their _____. A. a quarter; frties B. the quarter; frtieth C. ne-fur; frties D.ne-furth; frtieth9. I’m 14 ________. And he is a ________ by.A. year ld, 15 years ld B. year-ld, 15 year-ldC. years ld, 15 years ld D. years ld, 15-year-ld
10. —What class are yu in?—I’m in ________.A. Grade Seven, Class TwB. grade seven, class twC. Class Tw, Grade SevenD. class tw, grade seven11. Dr. Bethune (白求恩) helped lts f Chinese ___. He was a great dctr. S peple in bth China and Canada still remember him nw. A. in the 1930B. in 1930 C. in the 1930sD. in his 1930s12. He lives in ________. A. rm 203B. Rm 203C. 203rd rmD. Rm 203rd
13. Each f the students has t keep a _______ diary every day. A. tw-hundred-wrd B. tw-hundreds-wrd C. tw-hundreds-wrds D. tw-hundred-wrds14. He set up his wn cmpany in _______.A. his twentiesB. his twenty C. the twenty D. the twentieth15. Nwadays, ________ peple like HUAWEI phnes better, and abut ________ f them are adults.A. a number f; fur fifthsB. a number f; fur fifthC. the number f; fur fifthD. the number f; fur fifths
二、根据句意，填入适当的数词Thursday is the ______ day f a week in the West.2. Autumn is the ______ seasn f a year.3. Christmas is n December the __________ each year.4. August is the _________ mnth in a year.5. June the ______ is Children’s Day.
twenty-fifth
三、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。1. This is his __________(thirty) nvel.2. This happened at the beginning f the __________(twenty-ne) century.3. Mther’s Day is n the __________ (tw) Sunday in May.4. Althugh he gt the _______ (fur) place in the cmpetitin, that was gd enugh fr him.5. Tmrrw is my grandmther’s __________ (eighty-nine) birthday. We will have a big party fr her.
twenty-first
eighty-ninth