外研版（2024）八年级上册英语Unit 1 单元语法+同步练习题（含答案）

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外研版（2024）八年级上册英语Unit 1 单元语法+同步练习题 Unit 1 现在完成时 (1) 首先请看下面的句子： I have seen the film. I do not want to see it again. 这部电影我已经看过了，不想再看了。 I have entered lots of competitions. 我参加过很多比赛。 Have you ever won any prizes before? 你以前得过奖吗？ My aunt has travelled all over the world. 我姑姑已经周游了世界。 Many people have agreed to help us. 许多人都同意帮助我们。 以上句子的谓语有一个共同的特点，就是由 “have /has + 动词的过去分词” 构成，我们把这种时态称为 “现在完成时”。现在完成时表示在以前某个时间已经发生的行为或曾经做过的事情对目前有某种影响，如 (1) 表示看过电影了，对电影比较熟悉，不想再看了；还可以表示到目前为止已经完成的事情，如 (4)。 我们可以从上面的例句中推知现在完成时的各种句型，具体请看下表： 人称肯定句否定句疑问句及回答I have notI have seen(haven't) seen— Have you seen thethethequestionnaire in thisquestionnaquestionnairenewspaper?第一人称ire in this newspaper. We havein this newspaper. We have notYes, I have. / No, I have not (haven't). Have you travelledtravelled(haven't)around the world?around thetravelled— Yes, we have. / No, weworld.around thehave not (haven't).world. 现在完成时中除第三人称单数形式用 “has /has not (hasn't) + 动词的过去分词”以外，其他人称都用 “have /have not (haven't) + 动词的过去分词” 形式。 大部分动词过去分词的变化方式是规则的，但是有一部分动词的变化是不规则的，同学们需要记住它们的不规则变化形式。例如： be – was /were – been find – found – found do – did – done have – had – had eat – ate – eaten make – made – made go – went – gone let – let – let see – saw – seen put – put – put 现在完成时常与 just, already 或 yet 等表示时间的状语连用。例如： I have just heard the news. 我刚听到消息。 Astronauts have already been to the moon. 宇航员已经去过月球了。 We have just started to explore other planets. 我们才刚刚开始探索其他行星。可以看出，just 用来表示 “刚刚”，already 用来表示 “已经”，两者都用于肯定句中，一般是置于 have /has 之后。在否定句中则可以用 yet，表示 “还未”， 人称肯定句否定句疑问句及回答 第二人称You have been to England.You have not (haven't) been to England.Have you been to England? Yes, I / we have. / No, I / we have not (haven't). 第三人称He / She has been to Los Angeles. They have given concerts all over the world. He / She has not (hasn't) been to Los Angeles. They have not (haven't) given concerts all over the world.Has he / she been to Los Angeles? Yes, he / she has. / No, he / she has not (hasn't). Have they given concerts all over the world? Yes, they have. / No, they have not (haven't).有 “以后可能会” 的含义。例如： The scientists have not heard from it yet. 科学家还没有收到它发出的信息。 Man has not discovered any life in space yet. 人类尚未在太空中发现任何生命。 另外，在使用现在完成时的时候，要注意它与一般过去时的区别。现在完成时在表达经历时只表示该事件是在现在之前的某一个时间里发生的，重点在于已完成动作对现在的影响。而一般过去时则表示在过去某一具体时间发生的事情。例如： I have just been to London. I went there last month. 我刚去过伦敦，上个月去的。 I have already finished my homework. I finished it an hour ago. 我已经完成家庭作业了，一小时前完成的。 在没有明确的过去时间状语时，如何判断该用现在完成时还是一般过去时呢？判断的标准是看该行为是否对现在有影响，也就是说该句所强调的是什么。试看以下对话： A: Where have you put my book? I can't find it. 你把我的书放哪儿去了？我找不到。 B: I put it on your desk yesterday. 我昨天放在你桌上了。 该对话中，当 A 问对方把自己的书放在何处时，A 强调的是现在找不到了，因 此用现在完成时。但是 B 回答时只是说明当时放的位置，所以用一般过去时。再看下面的对话： A: Would you like to go and see the film with me tonight? 你今晚想和我去看电影吗？ B: Sorry, I have seen it already. 不好意思，我已经看过那部电影了。 对话中的现在完成时表示对结果的强调：电影看过了，所以不想再看了。 一、单项选择题 Sally Maddie how she has changed her yet. A. hasn't told B. didn't tell C. doesn't tell D. won't tell I already that everyone has something special. A. have; learnt B. had; learnt C. will; learn D. do; learn — you ever a red rose on your face? —No, never. A. Do; paint B. Did; paint C. Have; painted D. Will; paint Su Bingtian the 100m race in 9.83 seconds at the Tokyo Olympics. He history. finishes; makes B. finished; made C. has finished; has made D. had finished; had made The runner Su Bingtian his sporting life in 2006. Since then, he hard to achieve his goal. begins; trains B. began; trained C. began; has trained D. has begun; has trained I to cover my birthmark with my hair in the past, but now I've learned to accept it. A. have tried B. tried C. had tried D. was trying Maddie a red rose on her own face the next day. It Sally a lot. painted; surprised B. has painted; has surprised C. paints; surprises D. had painted; had surprised Many runners to stop running at the age of 25, but Su Bingtian didn't. A. choose B. chose C. have chosen D. had chosen — you the book The Wonderful Wizard of Oz? —Yes, I have. It's really interesting. A. Do; read B. Did; read C. Have; read D. Are; reading I used to be afraid of my differences, but now I that they make me special. A. have realised B. realised C. had realised D. was realising 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 I (already see) the red rose - shaped birthmark on my face as a special part of me. Su Bingtian (change) his starting leg in 2014. It was a risky decision, but he (not give) up. Maddie (paint) a red rose on her face to show her support for Sally. Sally (be) deeply moved by this. They (listen) to the radio programme about The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. They think it's a great story. I (never doubt) that I can overcome my fears after reading Su Bingtian's story. The students (discuss) books about finding a “new me” in groups. They have shared a lot of ideas. Sally (not tell) her parents about the change in her attitude towards her birthmark yet. Su Bingtian (make) great progress in his running career. He is an inspiration to many young people. We (read) the story about Sally and Maddie. It has taught us the importance of self - acceptance. The Scarecrow in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (always want) a brain, but he finds that he is clever enough to solve problems. 三、句型转换 I have already learned to accept my differences.（改为否定句） I to accept my differences . Su Bingtian clocked 9.99 seconds in 2015.（对划线部分提问） Su Bingtian clock in 2015? Sally has changed her opinion about her birthmark.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） — Sally her opinion about her birthmark? —Yes, . They have listened to the radio programme about the book.（改为反意疑问句） They have listened to the radio programme about the book, ? I have known the importance of self - acceptance since I read the story. （对划线部分提问） you known the importance of self - acceptance? 四、翻译句子 我已经学会接受自己的外貌了。 苏炳添成为了第一位进入奥运会 100 米决赛的中国运动员。他创造了历史。 你曾经读过关于寻找 “新自我” 的书吗？ 萨莉还没有告诉麦迪她对自己的看法发生了多大的改变。 从那以后，我不再为自己的胎记感到羞愧。我已经意识到它让我与众不同。 五、短文填空 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的正确时态填空。 Sally used to be very self - conscious about her birthmark. She always 1 (keep) her hair long to cover it. But everything changed when Maddie came to her class. Maddie 2 (say) Sally's birthmark looked like a beautiful red rose. Since then, Sally 3 (change) her attitude towards her birthmark. She 4 (realise) that everyone is special in their own way. Su Bingtian, the famous runner, 5 (start) his sporting life in 2006. At first, no one believed that an Asian could run the 100m race in less than 10 seconds. But Su 6 (not give) up. He 7 (train) hard and 8 (change) his starting leg in 2014. It was a difficult decision, but he 9 (stick) to it. Finally, in 2015, he 10 (clock) 9.99 seconds and made history. 答案 一、单项选择题 1-10 AACBCBABCA 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. have already seen 2.changed; hasn't given 3.painted; has been 4. have listened 5. have never doubted 6. have discussed 7. hasn't told 8. has made 9. have read 10. has always wanted 三、句型转换 1. haven't learned; yet 2. What time did 3. Has; changed; she has 4. haven't they 5. How long have 四、翻译句子 I have already learned to accept my looks. Su Bingtian became the first Chinese athlete to run in the Olympic 100m final. He made history. Have you ever read books about finding a "new me"? Sally hasn't told Maddie how much her opinion about herself has changed yet. Since then, I haven't been ashamed of my birthmark. I have realised that it makes me different. 五、短文填空 1. kept 2. said 3. has changed 4. has realised 5. started didn't give 7. trained 8. changed 9. stuck 10. Clocked