2025年辽宁省本溪市中考一模英语试题（原卷版+解析版）（中考模拟）

这是一份2025年辽宁省本溪市中考一模英语试题（原卷版+解析版）（中考模拟），共25页。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 选择题（共50分）
一、阅读理解（每题2分，共40分）
第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Peple ften set many alarms t wake themselves up in time. Hwever, this can be unhealthy as it reduces the quality f sleep, said Brandn Peters, a dctr frm Virginia Masn Franciscan Health in Seattle, US.
A gd sleep has fur stages. During the first stage, we enter a light sleep. Our bdy relaxes, and ur heart beats mre slwly. As we fall deeper int sleep, stage tw starts. Our eyes stp mving, and ur bdy temperature becmes lwer. Then cmes the third stage. It is the deepest sleep and als the hardest t wake up frm.
Last is the furth stage. Scientists call it rapid eye mvement sleep, r REM sleep. Our eyes mve quickly frm side t side, bth ur breathing and ur heartbeat pick up.
REM sleep is imprtant because mst f ur dreams take place during it. This helps us deal with ur emtins (情绪) and remember the new things that we learn during the day. REM sleep mstly take place in the last hurs f a night’s sleep.
S disrupting (扰乱) it with alarms ringing ne after anther is a bad idea. Peple shuld set ne alarm nly. They can als try alarms that use light, nt sund, Alicia Rth at the US Cleveland Clinic tld CNN.
1. It’s the hardest fr us t wake up during the ________ stage f sleep.
A. firstB. secndC. thirdD. last
2. The writer mentined ur ________ when explaining “a light sleep”.
A. heartbeatB. breathingC. eyesD. temperature
3. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. It’s a bad idea t try alarms that use light.
B. Our bdy relaxes when we enter REM sleep.
C. Smetimes we deal with ur emtins in ur dreams.
D. Mst f ur dreams take place in the last hur f a night’s sleep.
4. The best title (题目) fr the passage is “________”.
A. Hw t have sweet dreams?B. Early t bed, early t rise
C. D we really need alarms?D. Sleep right, wake right
B
A by was at a market with his sister. The sister was standing in frnt f a ty shp. She was lking at smething inside the shp’s windw.
The by asked, “What are yu lking at?” The sister pinted at a dll. The by wanted t buy it fr his sister s he asked the shpkeeper, “Hw much is this dll, sir?”
The shpkeeper lked at the by and said, “Well, what can yu pay?”
The by tk ut all the seashells (海贝壳) that he cllected frm the beach and gave them t the shpkeeper. The shpkeeper tk the shells and started cunting as if he was cunting mney. There were ten shells in ttal. Then he turned t the by. The by asked him, “Is it enugh?”
The shpkeeper said, “Of curse. In fact, it’s mre than enugh.” He kept fur f the seashells and gave back the rest.
The by left with his sister and her new dll happily. The wrker in the shp was surprised. He asked the shpkeeper, “Why did yu d that? That dll is eight dllars, but yu nly tk fur shells frm that by.”
The shpkeeper replied, “T us, these are just seashells. But t that by, they’re very precius. When he grws up, he’ll remember that he nce bught a dll fr his sister with seashells. It might tell him that the wrld has generus (慷慨的) and kind peple. And perhaps,...”
5. The dll was ________.
A. $10B. $8C. $6D. $4
6. The underlined wrd “precius” in the last paragraph means “________”.
A. beautifulB. specialC. valuableD. lvely
7. What was the shpkeeper ging t say next?
A. He will be a truly hnest persn.B. He will feel very bad abut ding s.
C. He will cme back and pay fr the dll.D. He will be generus and kind t thers t.
8. What kind f writing is the passage?
A. A stry.B. A reprt.C. A speech.D. A ntice.
C
FORUM (论坛)
My favrite bk All My page
Sha Qinglan l hur ag
I’ve just finished the bk Mments We Shared by Zhang Jiajia. It’s a bk that shws there is mre t life than just studying. The main character Liu Shisan’s stry tells us that when life is hard ur lved nes are there t help us. We shuld cherish (珍惜) them. The bk is special because it shws us hw imprtant it is t lve and care fr ur family and friends. It als helps us t discver what life really means.
Wang Wei 2 hurs ag
This summer I read a bk called The Art f Racing in the Rain by US writer Garth Stein. It’s a bk abut lve and life. It tells a tuching stry thrugh the the eyes f a dg named Enz, which is similar t the mvie A Dg’s Purpse. The bk shws the heartwarming relatinship between Enz and his wner Denny, a car racer. As I read, I fund that “the art f racing in the rain” is a metaphr (比喻). When it “rains” in life, prblems may cme. What can we d? Danny taught us that we shuld be brave t face them instead f running away.
Zhng Zihan 3 hurs ag
Hw can we be ur true selves? I think Demian, a nvel by German writer Herman Hesse, can help us find the answer. The nvel is abut a by named Sinclair and his jurney thrugh life. It talks abut hw we can grw by learning mre abut urselves and prblems like understanding that the wrld is nt just gd r bad. It als helps us learn hw t deal with the difficulties f life and find ut wh we truly are.
9. ________ is frm Germany.
A. Garth SteinB. EnzC. DennyD. Herman Hesse
10. The writers all wrte abut ________ in their bks.
A. lve in returnB. finding ut wh we truly are
C life and difficultiesD. learning abut the wrld
11. ________ tells us we shuld treasure relatinships with family and friends.
A. Mments We SharedB. The Art f Racing in the Rain
C. A Dg’s PurpseD. Demian
12. The three psts are abut the students’ favurite ________.
A. writersB. bksC. directrsD. mvies
D
①Yu’ve already nticed that sme peple are right-handed while thers are left-handed. But did yu knw that elephants are left-r right-trunked? Peple can tell this by lking at the wrinkles (皱纹) n their trunks (the lng nse f an elephant), a study in Science fund.
②Elephants can use their trunks t d many things like picking up fd, spraying water r sand acrss their backs t cl ff, and sending warnings t ther elephants. The muscles (肌肉) and wrinkles f the trunks help them d these things. Wrinkles make the trunk mve flexibly (灵活地).
③Scientists fund that elephants like t bend (弯曲) their trunks t ne side t put fd in their muths. Over time, this side f their trunks gets mre wrinkles than the ther. This is what makes them either left-r right-trunked.
④The chances f elephants being left-trunked r right-trunked are abut 50:50. This is very different frm peple. Fr us the chances f being left-handed r right-handed are abut 10:90, accrding t CBS News. And fr ther animals such as kangars, the chances are abut 95:5. This is interesting, isn’t it?
⑤Mre interestingly, Asian elephants have mre wrinkles n the tp f their trunks than African elephants. African elephants have tw finger-like structures (结构) at the end f their trunks t hld things, but Asian elephants have nly ne. S, Asian elephants wrap their trunks arund things t hld them mre ften than African elephants d. This leads t mre wrinkles.
13. ________ make (s) the trunk flexible.
A. The tp f the muthB. Muscles
C. WrinklesD. The finger-like structure
14. Abut ________ ut f every 50 elephants are left-trunked.
A. 5B. 25C. 45D. 48
15. Paragraph 3 mainly talks abut ________.
A. the muscles and wrinkles f the trunks help elephants a lt
B. elephants like t bend their trunks t ne side t put fd in their muths
C. the difference between Asian elephants and African elephants
D. the reasn why wrinkles can tell us if an elephant is left-r right-trunked
16. The purpse f the passage is t tell us ________.
A. mre abut elephantsB. t care fr elephants
C. left-and right-trunked elephants are differentD. abut Asian elephants and African elephants
第二节
阅读短文，从方框内所给选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。
Being a class leader is a hard jb and the lack (缺少) f yur classmates’ trust and supprt makes it harder. ____17____ Yu can make it either by having gd grades r having a special skill, yu must have smething that is wrth being admired by yur classmates.
The next is t win the supprt f yur classmates. This is the key t the prblem. And nce yu have the supprt f yur classmates, yu can fulfill yur respnsibility successfully. Here’s sme advice n hw t win yur classmates’ supprt.
·____18____
Yu need t have a big heart t be a gd class leader. Even if yu dn’t like sme f yur classmates, yu shuld still treat them like everyne else.
·Be a gd cmmunicatr.
A gd cmmunicatr treats thers with respect. Put yurself in yur classmates’ shes and make them feel that yu are n their side. ____19____
·Make friends with everyne.
It’s imprtant t get alng well with yur classmates. Talk with everyne and try t be gd friends with them. Remember t shw that yu are capable (有能力的) and friendly.
·____20____
Treat everyne with kindness and warmth. Fr grup activities, try t take n mre respnsibility. And be ready t help anyne in need.
A. Be fair t everyne.
B. Be kind and helpful.
C. Listen t their ideas befre making decisins.
D. Yu must help keep the class in rder and rganize activities.
E. Being a gd rle mdel can build up yur classmates’ trust in yu.
二、完形填空（每题1分，共10分）
阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The whle schl was talking abut the cming trip at a winter camp. And everyne was ____21____, except me.
“I’ll hate it,” I tld my parents. “I’ll get hmesick (想家的). I’ll lk silly at winter sprts, and everyne will ____22____ me.”
“Yu might be surprised, Bree,” said my mm. “The nly way t find ut is t ____23____.”
“It’s what grwing up is all abut,” my dad added.
When arriving at the camp, we were asked t share ne ____24____. “I’m afraid I’ll be hmesick,” smene said. I wasn’t the nly ne? I ____25____ t relax. After lunch, we were asked t ski dwn t the field. I skied carefully, but I still hit a piece f ice and fell dwn.
“Ha! Ha!” Behind me, smebdy started laughing. I lked back t see wh was making fun f me. T my ____26____, I saw a girl in the same embarrassing situatin I was in. “I thught I’d be bad at this, but I’m ____27____ than I expected! I culd hardly keep my balance!” she said. ____28____, I started laughing, t. After being s afraid f ____29____, it was a cmfrt nt t fear it anymre.
Maybe the kind f ____30____ my mm and dad were talking abut had mre t d with my utlk (态度) than my lk. We all wrry abut fitting in and failing when we try new things. Dn’t think t much. Just g fr it!
21. A. excitedB. prudC. angryD. nervus
22. A. depend nB. lk afterC. shut tD. laugh at
23. A. askB. tryC. cnsiderD. research
24. A. wishB. jyC. fearD. jke
25. A. failedB. managedC. beganD. cntinued
26. A. satisfactinB. shameC. regretD. surprise
27. A. ablerB. clerC. wrseD. crazier
28. A. ActuallyB. HnestlyC. LuckilyD. Suddenly
29. A. arguingB. fallingC. lsingD. suffering
30. A. grwing upB. finding utC. cheering upD. helping ut
第二部分 非选择题（共40分）
三、语篇填空（每题1分，共10分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
Franz Kafka (1883-1924), a famus writer, never married and had n children. Once, at the age f 40, when he ____31____ (walk) thrugh a park in Berlin, Germany, he saw a yung girl crying. She culdn’t find her favrite dll. He helped her lked ____32____ the dll, but they culdn’t find it. Kafka tld her t meet him there the next day and they wuld lk again.
The next day, when they still culdn’t find the dll, Kafka gave the girl a letter “written” by the dll that said, “I have gne n ____33____ trip t see the wrld. Please d nt feel sad. ____34____ (share) abut my adventures (冒险经历), I’m ging t write t yu.”
Then, a stry that lasted ____35____ Kafka’s life came t an end began.
When they met, Kafka wuld read the ____36____ (letter) f adventures that the girl fund exciting. She thught her dll’s adventures were ____37____ (wnder) nes she had ever heard. Finally, Kafka read her a letter in which the dll said it finally came back t Berlin. Then, he gave her a dll that ____38____ (buy) in a stre. “This des nt lk like ____39____ (I) at all,” she said. Then Kafka handed her a letter that said, “I have changed ____40____ (great) because f my trips.” The girl hugged the new dll and tk it hme. A year later, Kafka died.
Many years later, the girl fund a letter inside the dll. The letter, signed by Kafka, said, “Everything yu lve is very likely t be lst, but in the end, lve will return in a different way.”
四、阅读与表达（41～43题，每题2分；44题4分，共10分）
阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。
Did yu knw that a lt f pllutin in the wrld cmes frm inside yur hme—bricks (砖块)? What if nature culd help us make bricks in a cleaner way?
In fact, scientists are wrking n making bricks ut f mushrms right nw. Fr example, Prfessr Han Wsten and his team at Utrecht University in the Netherlands are creating mushrm bricks. They mix mushrms with straw (稻草) and the mushrms grw n the straw fr abut tw weeks. Then they can be made int different materials. “If we press it, we can get smething like hardbard,” Wsten said.
Making mushrm bricks creates much less CO2 than materials like cement (水泥). They are als bidegradable (可生物降解的), s we dn’t have t wrry abut them plluting the land when they are thrwn away. Mushrm materials can als fix themselves. If the flr in yur huse is brken, yu can re-grw mushrms t fix it.
There is still a lt f research t d, thugh. “It’s very early t say yur huse will be all made f mushrms,” said researcher Phil Ayres. Still, prgress is being made, and the future f mushrm materials lks bright.
41. What is hardbard made f?
______________________
42. Why dn’t mushrm bricks pllute the land when they are thrwn away?
______________________
43. Hw can we fix a wall made f mushrm bricks?
______________________
44. As a teenager, what d yu think yu can d t help imprve the envirnment? (Write 30 wrds r mre.)
______________________
五、书面表达（满分20分）
45. 你在英国的笔友迈克最近正在学习汉语，他感觉很吃力，于是向你咨询有关学习汉语的方法，请你给他回微信，介绍学习汉语的方法。具体内容包括：
1．从发音、口语表达、听力、语法、阅读、写作几个方面至少选择三项来进行介绍；
2．对迈克加以鼓励。
注意：
1．内容完整，语意连贯，层次清晰，书写规范。
2．文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。
3．词数80～100，微信开头已给出，不记入总词数。
Mike, Chinese is difficult fr beginners. Here are sme gd ways t learn Chinese. I hpe they are useful t yu.
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本溪市2025年初中学业水平考试第一次模拟考试
英语试卷
（本试卷共45道题 满分90分 考试时间90分钟）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 选择题（共50分）
一、阅读理解（每题2分，共40分）
第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Peple ften set many alarms t wake themselves up in time. Hwever, this can be unhealthy as it reduces the quality f sleep, said Brandn Peters, a dctr frm Virginia Masn Franciscan Health in Seattle, US.
A gd sleep has fur stages. During the first stage, we enter a light sleep. Our bdy relaxes, and ur heart beats mre slwly. As we fall deeper int sleep, stage tw starts. Our eyes stp mving, and ur bdy temperature becmes lwer. Then cmes the third stage. It is the deepest sleep and als the hardest t wake up frm.
Last is the furth stage. Scientists call it rapid eye mvement sleep, r REM sleep. Our eyes mve quickly frm side t side, bth ur breathing and ur heartbeat pick up.
REM sleep is imprtant because mst f ur dreams take place during it. This helps us deal with ur emtins (情绪) and remember the new things that we learn during the day. REM sleep mstly take place in the last hurs f a night’s sleep.
S, disrupting (扰乱) it with alarms ringing ne after anther is a bad idea. Peple shuld set ne alarm nly. They can als try alarms that use light, nt sund, Alicia Rth at the US Cleveland Clinic tld CNN.
1. It’s the hardest fr us t wake up during the ________ stage f sleep.
A. firstB. secndC. thirdD. last
2. The writer mentined ur ________ when explaining “a light sleep”.
A. heartbeatB. breathingC. eyesD. temperature
3. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. It’s a bad idea t try alarms that use light.
B. Our bdy relaxes when we enter REM sleep.
C. Smetimes we deal with ur emtins in ur dreams.
D. Mst f ur dreams take place in the last hur f a night’s sleep.
4. The best title (题目) fr the passage is “________”.
A. Hw t have sweet dreams?B. Early t bed, early t rise
C. D we really need alarms?D. Sleep right, wake right
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. D
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了睡眠的四个阶段，特别是快速眼动睡眠 (REM睡眠) 的重要性，并指出设置多个闹钟会干扰睡眠质量，建议使用光闹钟代替声音闹钟。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Then cmes the third stage. It is the deepest sleep and als the hardest t wake up frm.”可知，处于睡眠第三阶段，是最难醒来的阶段。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“During the first stage, we enter a light sleep. Our bdy relaxes, and ur heart beats mre slwly.”可知，当提到“浅睡眠”时，作者提到我们的心跳。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“REM sleep is imprtant because mst f ur dreams take place during it. This helps us deal with ur emtins (情绪) and remember the new things that we learn during the day.”可知，我们大部分的梦都出现在快速眼动睡眠过程中，这有助于我们处理自己的情绪。即有时我们在梦中处理自己的情绪。故选C。
【4题详解】
最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了睡眠的四个阶段，特别是快速眼动睡眠 (REM睡眠) 的重要性，并指出设置多个闹钟会干扰睡眠质量，建议使用光闹钟代替声音闹钟。故最佳标题为：睡个好觉，醒来迎接美好的一天。故选D。
B
A by was at a market with his sister. The sister was standing in frnt f a ty shp. She was lking at smething inside the shp’s windw.
The by asked, “What are yu lking at?” The sister pinted at a dll. The by wanted t buy it fr his sister s he asked the shpkeeper, “Hw much is this dll, sir?”
The shpkeeper lked at the by and said, “Well, what can yu pay?”
The by tk ut all the seashells (海贝壳) that he cllected frm the beach and gave them t the shpkeeper. The shpkeeper tk the shells and started cunting as if he was cunting mney. There were ten shells in ttal. Then he turned t the by. The by asked him, “Is it enugh?”
The shpkeeper said, “Of curse. In fact, it’s mre than enugh.” He kept fur f the seashells and gave back the rest.
The by left with his sister and her new dll happily. The wrker in the shp was surprised. He asked the shpkeeper, “Why did yu d that? That dll is eight dllars, but yu nly tk fur shells frm that by.”
The shpkeeper replied, “T us, these are just seashells. But t that by, they’re very precius. When he grws up, he’ll remember that he nce bught a dll fr his sister with seashells. It might tell him that the wrld has generus (慷慨的) and kind peple. And perhaps,...”
5. The dll was ________.
A. $10B. $8C. $6D. $4
6. The underlined wrd “precius” in the last paragraph means “________”.
A. beautifulB. specialC. valuableD. lvely
7. What was the shpkeeper ging t say next?
A. He will be a truly hnest persn.B. He will feel very bad abut ding s.
C. He will cme back and pay fr the dll.D. He will be generus and kind t thers t.
8. What kind f writing is the passage?
A. A stry.B. A reprt.C. A speech.D. A ntice.
【答案】5. B 6. C 7. D 8. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了男孩用贝壳给妹妹买了一个玩偶，店主之所以卖给男孩玩偶，是希望让男孩知道世界上有很多慷慨且善良的人，希望男孩同样善良地、慷慨地帮助他人。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据“That dll is eight dllars, but yu nly tk fur shells frm that by.”可知，玩偶8美元。故选B。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“T us, these are just seashells. But t that by, they’re very precius. When he grws up, he’ll remember that he nce bught a dll fr his sister with seashells.”可知，店主认为那些贝壳在男孩眼里是珍贵的，待他长大时，他会记得曾经用贝壳为他的妹妹买了一个玩偶。故划线单词“precius”意为“珍贵的”。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据“It might tell him that the wrld has generus (慷慨的) and kind peple. And perhaps,...”可推知，店主希望小男孩长大后知道世界上有慷慨和善良的人，并且也会成为这样的人。故选D。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。本文讲述了男孩用贝壳给妹妹买了一个玩偶，店主之所以卖给男孩玩偶，是希望让男孩知道世界上有很多慷慨且善良的人，希望男孩同样善良地、慷慨地帮助他人。故推测本文是一个故事。故选A。
C
FORUM (论坛)
My favrite bk All My page
Sha Qinglan l hur ag
I’ve just finished the bk Mments We Shared by Zhang Jiajia. It’s a bk that shws there is mre t life than just studying. The main character Liu Shisan’s stry tells us that when life is hard, ur lved nes are there t help us. We shuld cherish (珍惜) them. The bk is special because it shws us hw imprtant it is t lve and care fr ur family and friends. It als helps us t discver what life really means.
Wang Wei 2 hurs ag
This summer I read a bk called The Art f Racing in the Rain by US writer Garth Stein. It’s a bk abut lve and life. It tells a tuching stry thrugh the the eyes f a dg named Enz, which is similar t the mvie A Dg’s Purpse. The bk shws the heartwarming relatinship between Enz and his wner Denny, a car racer. As I read, I fund that “the art f racing in the rain” is a metaphr (比喻). When it “rains” in life, prblems may cme. What can we d? Danny taught us that we shuld be brave t face them instead f running away.
Zhng Zihan 3 hurs ag
Hw can we be ur true selves? I think Demian a nvel by German writer Herman Hesse, can help us find the answer. The nvel is abut a by named Sinclair and his jurney thrugh life. It talks abut hw we can grw by learning mre abut urselves and prblems like understanding that the wrld is nt just gd r bad. It als helps us learn hw t deal with the difficulties f life and find ut wh we truly are.
9. ________ is frm Germany.
A. Garth SteinB. EnzC. DennyD. Herman Hesse
10. The writers all wrte abut ________ in their bks.
A. lve in returnB. finding ut wh we truly are
C. life and difficultiesD. learning abut the wrld
11. ________ tells us we shuld treasure relatinships with family and friends.
A. Mments We SharedB. The Art f Racing in the Rain
C. A Dg’s PurpseD. Demian
12. The three psts are abut the students’ favurite ________.
A. writersB. bksC. directrsD. mvies
【答案】9. D 10. C 11. A 12. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一个论坛帖子，三位学生分别分享了自己最喜欢的书籍及其感悟。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I think Demian, a nvel by German writer Herman Hesse,”可知，Herman Hesse来自德国。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The main character Liu Shisan’s stry tells us that when life is hard, ur lved nes are there t help us.”、“When it “rains” in life, prblems may cme. What can we d? Danny taught us that we shuld be brave t face them instead f running away.”、“It als helps us learn hw t deal with the difficulties f life and find ut wh we truly are.”可知，文中所有的作家都在他们的书中展示了生活和困难。故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I’ve just finished the bk Mments We Shared by Zhang Jiajia. It’s a bk that shws there is mre t life than just studying. The main character Liu Shisan’s stry tells us that when life is hard, ur lved nes are there t help us. We shuld cherish (珍惜) them.”可知，《我们享有的时光》告诉我们我们应该珍惜家人和朋友间的关系。故选A。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一个论坛帖子，三位学生分别分享了自己最喜欢的书籍及其感悟。故选B。
D
①Yu’ve already nticed that sme peple are right-handed while thers are left-handed. But did yu knw that elephants are left-r right-trunked? Peple can tell this by lking at the wrinkles (皱纹) n their trunks (the lng nse f an elephant), a study in Science fund.
②Elephants can use their trunks t d many things like picking up fd, spraying water r sand acrss their backs t cl ff, and sending warnings t ther elephants. The muscles (肌肉) and wrinkles f the trunks help them d these things. Wrinkles make the trunk mve flexibly (灵活地).
③Scientists fund that elephants like t bend (弯曲) their trunks t ne side t put fd in their muths. Over time, this side f their trunks gets mre wrinkles than the ther. This is what makes them either left-r right-trunked.
④The chances f elephants being left-trunked r right-trunked are abut 50:50. This is very different frm peple. Fr us, the chances f being left-handed r right-handed are abut 10:90, accrding t CBS News. And fr ther animals such as kangars, the chances are abut 95:5. This is interesting, isn’t it?
⑤Mre interestingly, Asian elephants have mre wrinkles n the tp f their trunks than African elephants. African elephants have tw finger-like structures (结构) at the end f their trunks t hld things, but Asian elephants have nly ne. S, Asian elephants wrap their trunks arund things t hld them mre ften than African elephants d. This leads t mre wrinkles.
13. ________ make (s) the trunk flexible.
A. The tp f the muthB. Muscles
C. WrinklesD. The finger-like structure
14. Abut ________ ut f every 50 elephants are left-trunked.
A. 5B. 25C. 45D. 48
15. Paragraph 3 mainly talks abut ________.
A. the muscles and wrinkles f the trunks help elephants a lt
B. elephants like t bend their trunks t ne side t put fd in their muths
C. the difference between Asian elephants and African elephants
D. the reasn why wrinkles can tell us if an elephant is left-r right-trunked
16. The purpse f the passage is t tell us ________.
A. mre abut elephantsB. t care fr elephants
C. left-and right-trunked elephants are differentD. abut Asian elephants and African elephants
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. D 16. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了大象的鼻子，包括鼻子的构成、不同之处等。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Wrinkles make the trunk mve flexibly (灵活地).”可知，皱纹使象鼻更灵活。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The chances f elephants being left-trunked r right-trunked are abut 50:50.”可知，大象有左鼻或右鼻的可能性为50:50，故推测每50头大象中大约有25个左鼻。故选B。
【15题详解】
段落大意题。根据第三段“Scientists fund that elephants like t bend (弯曲) their trunks t ne side t put fd in their muths. Over time, this side f their trunks gets mre wrinkles than the ther. This is what makes them either left-r right-trunked.”可知，本段主要讲了皱纹告诉我们大象是左鼻还是右鼻的原因。故选D。
【16题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了大象的鼻子，包括鼻子的构成、不同之处等，即：告诉我们更多关于大象的信息。故选A。
第二节
阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。
Being a class leader is a hard jb and the lack (缺少) f yur classmates’ trust and supprt makes it harder. ____17____ Yu can make it either by having gd grades r having a special skill, yu must have smething that is wrth being admired by yur classmates.
The next is t win the supprt f yur classmates. This is the key t the prblem. And nce yu have the supprt f yur classmates, yu can fulfill yur respnsibility successfully. Here’s sme advice n hw t win yur classmates’ supprt.
·____18____
Yu need t have a big heart t be a gd class leader. Even if yu dn’t like sme f yur classmates, yu shuld still treat them like everyne else.
·Be a gd cmmunicatr.
A gd cmmunicatr treats thers with respect. Put yurself in yur classmates’ shes and make them feel that yu are n their side. ____19____
·Make friends with everyne.
It’s imprtant t get alng well with yur classmates. Talk with everyne and try t be gd friends with them. Remember t shw that yu are capable (有能力的) and friendly.
·____20____
Treat everyne with kindness and warmth. Fr grup activities, try t take n mre respnsibility. And be ready t help anyne in need.
A. Be fair t everyne.
B. Be kind and helpful.
C. Listen t their ideas befre making decisins.
D. Yu must help keep the class in rder and rganize activities.
E. Being a gd rle mdel can build up yur classmates’ trust in yu.
【答案】17. E 18. A 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讨论了如何成为一名成功的班长。文章指出，班长需要赢得同学的信任和支持，并提出了几条建议。
【17题详解】
根据“Being a class leader is a hard jb and the lack (缺少) f yur classmates’ trust and supprt makes it harder.”可知，提出了缺少同学的信任和支持会让班干部的工作更难，故空处会与赢得信任相关。选项E“做一个好的角色模范会赢得你同学的信任。”与之相符。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据“Yu need t have a big heart t be a gd class leader. Even if yu dn’t like sme f yur classmates, yu shuld still treat them like everyne else.”可知，提到了要公平对待每个人。选项A“公平对待每个人。”与之相符。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据“A gd cmmunicatr treats thers with respect. Put yurself in yur classmates’ shes and make them feel that yu are n their side.”可知，交流时，要站在同学的角度，让他们感觉你和他们在一边。故空处与交谈时的尊重相关。选项C“做决定前聆听他们的主意。”与之相符。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据“Treat everyne with kindness and warmth. Fr grup activities, try t take n mre respnsibility. And be ready t help anyne in need.”可知，对待每个人要友善且热情，帮助需要帮助人。选项B“友善并乐于助人。”与之相符。故选B。
二、完形填空（每题1分，共10分）
阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The whle schl was talking abut the cming trip at a winter camp. And everyne was ____21____, except me.
“I’ll hate it,” I tld my parents. “I’ll get hmesick (想家的). I’ll lk silly at winter sprts, and everyne will ____22____ me.”
“Yu might be surprised, Bree,” said my mm. “The nly way t find ut is t ____23____.”
“It’s what grwing up is all abut,” my dad added.
When arriving at the camp, we were asked t share ne ____24____. “I’m afraid I’ll be hmesick,” smene said. I wasn’t the nly ne? I ____25____ t relax. After lunch, we were asked t ski dwn t the field. I skied carefully, but I still hit a piece f ice and fell dwn.
“Ha! Ha!” Behind me, smebdy started laughing. I lked back t see wh was making fun f me. T my ____26____, I saw a girl in the same embarrassing situatin I was in. “I thught I’d be bad at this, but I’m ____27____ than I expected! I culd hardly keep my balance!” she said. ____28____, I started laughing, t. After being s afraid f ____29____, it was a cmfrt nt t fear it anymre.
Maybe the kind f ____30____ my mm and dad were talking abut had mre t d with my utlk (态度) than my lk. We all wrry abut fitting in and failing when we try new things. Dn’t think t much. Just g fr it!
21. A. excitedB. prudC. angryD. nervus
22. A. depend nB. lk afterC. shut tD. laugh at
23. A. askB. tryC. cnsiderD. research
24. A. wishB. jyC. fearD. jke
25. A. failedB. managedC. beganD. cntinued
26. A. satisfactinB. shameC. regretD. surprise
27. A. ablerB. clerC. wrseD. crazier
28. A. ActuallyB. HnestlyC. LuckilyD. Suddenly
29. A. arguingB. fallingC. lsingD. suffering
30. A. grwing upB. finding utC. cheering upD. helping ut
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了一个名叫Bree的女孩对学校组织的冬令营活动感到焦虑和抗拒，但在父母鼓励下最终尝试参与，并发现自己的担忧是多余的成长故事。
【21题详解】
句意：每个人都很兴奋，除了我。
excited兴奋的；prud骄傲的；angry生气的；nervus紧张的。根据空格后面的“except me”，以及下文“I’ll hate it,”可知，作者不想去冬令营，然而其他人应该是都很“兴奋”，故选A。
【22题详解】
句意：“我会讨厌它，” 我告诉父母，“我会想家，在冬季运动上看起来很笨，大家都会嘲笑我。”
depend n依靠；lk after照顾；shut t朝……喊；laugh at嘲笑。根据前半句“I’ll lk silly at winter sprts,”可知，由于作者不擅长冬季运动项目，因此害怕别人会嘲笑自己，laugh at“嘲笑”，固定短语，故选D。
【23题详解】
句意：唯一能知道的方法就是去尝试。
ask问；try尝试；cnsider考虑；research研究。根据“ ‘It’s what grwing up is all abut,’ my dad added.”可知，爸爸认为这是成长所要经历的，故而作者的妈妈也是鼓励作者要勇于尝试。故选B。
【24题详解】
句意：到达营地时，我们被要求分享一件害怕的事情。
wish祝愿；jy乐趣；fear害怕；jke玩笑。根据下文“I’m afraid I’ll be hmesick,”可知，我怕我会想家，故空处是指被要求分享一件害怕的事情，故选C。
【25题详解】
句意：我开始放松下来。
failed失败；managed设法；began开始；cntinued继续。根据上文“I wasn’t the nly ne?”可知，作者一开始担心自己会想家，害怕会被别人笑话，因此当听到别人说想家时，她应该是开始放松了，故选C。
【26题详解】
句意：令我惊讶是，我看到一个女孩也处于同样尴尬的境地。
satisfactin满意；shame惭愧；regret后悔；surprise惊喜。根据“T my..., I saw a girl in the same embarrassing situatin I was in.”可知，作者本以为别人在嘲笑她，结果发现对方也摔倒了，所以很惊讶。故选D。
【27题详解】
句意：“我以为我会很糟糕，但我比预期的更差！我几乎无法保持平衡！”她说。
abler更有能力的；cler更酷的；wrse更糟糕的；crazier更疯狂的。根据“I culd hardly keep my balance!”可知，女孩说她几乎无法保持平衡，故而女孩说自己表现比预期更差。故选C。
【28题详解】
句意：突然，我也开始笑了。
Actually实际上；Hnestly诚实地；Luckily幸运地；Suddenly突然。根据“ started laughing, t.”可知，作者从紧张到笑是突然的转变。故选D。
【29题详解】
句意：在如此害怕摔倒之后，不再害怕它是一种安慰。
arguing讨论；falling跌倒；lsing失去；suffering遭受。根据上文“I skied carefully, but I still hit a piece f ice and fell dwn.”可知，前文提到滑雪摔倒，故空处指“摔倒”。故选B。
【30题详解】
句意：也许妈妈和爸爸所说的成长方式更多地与我的态度有关，而不是我的外表。
grwing up成长；finding ut找出；cheering up欢呼；helping ut解决。根据上文“ ‘It’s what grwing up is all abut,’ my dad added.”可知，爸爸认为这就是成长的意义所在，故而作者在此是发出关于成长的感慨，故选A。
第二部分 非选择题（共40分）
三、语篇填空（每题1分，共10分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
Franz Kafka (1883-1924), a famus writer, never married and had n children. Once, at the age f 40, when he ____31____ (walk) thrugh a park in Berlin, Germany, he saw a yung girl crying. She culdn’t find her favrite dll. He helped her lked ____32____ the dll, but they culdn’t find it. Kafka tld her t meet him there the next day and they wuld lk again.
The next day, when they still culdn’t find the dll, Kafka gave the girl a letter “written” by the dll that said, “I have gne n ____33____ trip t see the wrld. Please d nt feel sad. ____34____ (share) abut my adventures (冒险经历), I’m ging t write t yu.”
Then, a stry that lasted ____35____ Kafka’s life came t an end began.
When they met, Kafka wuld read the ____36____ (letter) f adventures that the girl fund exciting. She thught her dll’s adventures were ____37____ (wnder) nes she had ever heard. Finally, Kafka read her a letter in which the dll said it finally came back t Berlin. Then, he gave her a dll that ____38____ (buy) in a stre. “This des nt lk like ____39____ (I) at all,” she said. Then Kafka handed her a letter that said, “I have changed ____40____ (great) because f my trips.” The girl hugged the new dll and tk it hme. A year later, Kafka died.
Many years later, the girl fund a letter inside the dll. The letter, signed by Kafka, said, “Everything yu lve is very likely t be lst, but in the end, lve will return in a different way.”
【答案】31. was walking
32. fr 33. a
34. T share
35. until##till
36. letters
37. the mst wnderful
38. was bught
39. mine 40. greatly
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了作家卡夫卡在柏林公园遇到一个丢失娃娃的小女孩的故事。卡夫卡通过写信的方式，假装娃娃去旅行，并最终送给女孩一个新的娃娃。多年后，女孩在娃娃里发现了一封卡夫卡的信，信中表达了“你所爱的一切可能会失去，但最终，爱会以另一种方式回归”的深刻哲理。
【31题详解】
句意：曾经，在他40岁时，他在德国柏林的一个公园里散步时，看到了一个哭泣的小女孩。根据“when a park in...”可知，描述的是过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，需过去进行时，其结构为was/were ding sth.，主语为he，be动词用was。故填was walking。
【32题详解】
句意：他帮助她寻找她的娃娃，但他们没有找到。根据“but they culdn’t find it.”可知，他们没有找到，说明他帮助她“寻找”娃娃。lk fr“寻找”为固定短语，故填fr。
【33题详解】
句意：卡夫卡给女孩一封娃娃写的信，信中说：“我已经去旅行看世界了。” 根据“ t see the wrld.”可知，空处泛指“一次旅行”，需不定冠词，trip是以辅音音素开头的单词，需冠词a修饰。故填a。
【34题详解】
句意：“为了分享我的冒险经历，我会写信给你。” 分析句子结构可知，空处需动词不定式表目的，故填T share。
【35题详解】
句意：然后，一个持续到卡夫卡生命结束的故事开始了。根据“’s life came t an end began.”可知，空处指“直到”，需介词until/till。故填until/till。
【36题详解】
句意：当他们见面时，卡夫卡会读那些女孩觉得兴奋的冒险信件。根据下文“Finally, Kafka read her a letter...”以及“Then Kafka handed her a letter”可知，卡夫卡写了多封信，因此使用复数形式。故填letters。
【37题详解】
句意：她认为她娃娃的冒险是她听过的最精彩的冒险。根据分析句子成分可知，空处需形容词作表语，再根据“nes she had ever heard.”可知，空处指“最精彩的”冒险，需形容词比较级，名词wnder的形容词为wnderful“精彩的”，其最高级为the mst wnderful。故填the mst wnderful。
【38题详解】
句意：然后，他给了她一个在商店里买的娃娃。本句为定语从句，先行词为a dll，与从句中动词buy之间为被动关系，需被动语态，因描述的过去的事，需一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were dne，a dll为名词单数，需用was，故填was bught。
【39题详解】
句意：“这看起来一点也不像我的，”她说。根据“This des nt lk all”可知，空处指“我的娃娃”，需名词性物主代词mine。故填mine。
【40题详解】
句意：卡夫卡递给她一封信，信中说：“因为我的旅行，我发生了很大的变化。” changed为动词，需副词形式，great的副词形式为greatly，意为“极大地”。故填greatly。
四、阅读与表达（41～43题，每题2分；44题4分，共10分）
阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。
Did yu knw that a lt f pllutin in the wrld cmes frm inside yur hme—bricks (砖块)? What if nature culd help us make bricks in a cleaner way?
In fact, scientists are wrking n making bricks ut f mushrms right nw. Fr example, Prfessr Han Wsten and his team at Utrecht University in the Netherlands are creating mushrm bricks. They mix mushrms with straw (稻草) and the mushrms grw n the straw fr abut tw weeks. Then they can be made int different materials. “If we press it, we can get smething like hardbard,” Wsten said.
Making mushrm bricks creates much less CO2 than materials like cement (水泥). They are als bidegradable (可生物降解的), s we dn’t have t wrry abut them plluting the land when they are thrwn away. Mushrm materials can als fix themselves. If the flr in yur huse is brken, yu can re-grw mushrms t fix it.
There is still a lt f research t d, thugh. “It’s very early t say yur huse will be all made f mushrms,” said researcher Phil Ayres. Still, prgress is being made, and the future f mushrm materials lks bright.
41. What is hardbard made f?
______________________
42. Why dn’t mushrm bricks pllute the land when they are thrwn away?
______________________
43. Hw can we fix a wall made f mushrm bricks?
______________________
44. As a teenager, what d yu think yu can d t help imprve the envirnment? (Write 30 wrds r mre.)
______________________
【答案】41. Mushrms and straw. / It’s made f mushrms and straw.
42. Because they are bidegradable. / They are bidegradable.
43. By re-grwing mushrms (t fix it). / We can re-grw mushrms (t fix it).
44. I think I can take the bus instead f riding in cars. I can turn ff the light when I leave a rm. And I can use reusable bags instead f plastic bags.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍蘑菇砖头的相关内容。
【41题详解】
根据第二段“They mix mushrms with straw (稻草) and the mushrms grw n the straw fr abut tw weeks. Then they can be made int different materials. ‘If we press it, we can get smething like hardbard,’ Wsten said.”可知，硬板是由蘑菇和稻草制成的。故填Mushrms and straw. / It’s made f mushrms and straw.
【42题详解】
根据“Making mushrm bricks creates much less CO2 than materials like cement (水泥). They are als bidegradable (可生物降解的), s we dn’t have t wrry abut them plluting the land when they are thrwn away.”可知，因为它们是可生物降解的，所以当扔掉它们时，蘑菇砖不会污染土地。故填Because they are bidegradable. / They are bidegradable.
【43题详解】
根据“If the flr in yur huse is brken, yu can re-grw mushrms t fix it.”可知，我们可以通过使用可重新生长的蘑菇来修理一面墙。故填By re-grwing mushrms (t fix it). / We can re-grw mushrms (t fix it)。
【44题详解】
本题为开放性习题。注意字数要求，言之有理即可。故填I think I can take the bus instead f riding in cars. I can turn ff the light when I leave a rm. And I can use reusable bags instead f plastic bags.
五、书面表达（满分20分）
45. 你在英国的笔友迈克最近正在学习汉语，他感觉很吃力，于是向你咨询有关学习汉语的方法，请你给他回微信，介绍学习汉语的方法。具体内容包括：
1．从发音、口语表达、听力、语法、阅读、写作几个方面至少选择三项来进行介绍；
2．对迈克加以鼓励。
注意：
1．内容完整，语意连贯，层次清晰，书写规范。
2．文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。
3．词数80～100，微信开头已给出，不记入总词数。
Mike, Chinese is difficult fr beginners. Here are sme gd ways t learn Chinese. I hpe they are useful t yu.
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【答案】例文
Mike, Chinese is difficult fr beginners. Here are sme gd ways t learn Chinese. I hpe they are useful t yu.
Yu can imprve yur prnunciatin by listening and repeating alud. Yu can als read alud t practise prnunciatin. T practise speaking, yu shuld jin a Chinese language club. Yu can als practise speaking by talking with me. As fr grammar, yu can learn it by taking ntes, ding exercises and reading a lt. And I think it’s a gd idea t practise listening by watching Chinese prgrammes, vides r films. If yu want t imprve yur writing, yu can write t me.
Remember: Practice makes perfect. Believe in yurself and yu will be a successful learner.
【解析】
详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是材料作文；
②时态：主要时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示内容中“提示信息”要求均要一一阐述，适当发挥。
[写作步骤]
第一步：表明写作意图。借用“这有很多学习中文的一些好方法。”来引出重点介绍的内容。
第二步：具体阐述写作内容。依照提示信息的要点——发音、口语表达、听力、语法、阅读、写作几个方面等均要一一阐述。
第三步：书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①read alud大声读
②practise speaking练习讲话
③write t sb.给某人写信
[高分句型]
①If yu want t imprve yur writing, yu can write t me. (If引导的条件状语从句）
②Believe in yurself and yu will be a successful learner. (祈使句)