2025年高考第二次模拟考试卷：英语（北京卷01）（解析版）

这是一份2025年高考第二次模拟考试卷：英语（北京卷01）（解析版），共20页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分第Ⅰ卷两部分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
英语
（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）(改编)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。
During the summer f 2019, I cycled alne frm Lndn t Istanbul. This 1 bicycle tur tk me 89 days and thrugh 11 cuntries. Hwever, it was als an incredible jurney, which saw me pass thrugh sme f Eurpe’s greatest cities, 2 sme amazing peple, and witness sme f its mst beautiful scenery.
It’s becming mre and mre imprtant fr us t think abut the impact that travel can have n ur envirnment. This was the 3 fr my bicycle tur: I wanted t find mre respnsible ways t prtect the planet and 4 traveling by plane where pssible.
I discvered that bicycle turing is ne f the mst 5 ways t travel, as using nthing but a bicycle and yur wn pedal (脚踏) pwer, yu can carry everything yu need while cvering surprising 6 each day.
The 7 f life and the free time I spent just cycling alne gave me a lt f time t think. This really helped me t learn a lt abut myself. S I’ve managed t 8 a lt f prblems frm my past and feel that my cnfidence and independence have grwn.
Finally, I arrived in Istanbul with a huge mixture f 9 ver the past three mnths: lneliness, jy, liberatin, pride and anxiety. As a result, the jurney makes me feel like a 10 persn. What a cycling trip t remember!
1．A．amusingB．challengingC．bringD．cnfusing
2．A．recgnizeB．entertainC．welcmeD．meet
3．A．strategyB．inspiratinC．barrierD．achievement
4．A．enjyB．finishC．avidD．practice
5．A．ld-fashinedB．well-rganizedC．up-t-dateD．ec-friendly
6．A．distancesB．expenseC．messagesD．amunt
7．A．pressureB．valueC．simplicityD．expectatin
8．A．get away withB．g n withC．be sensitive tD．be pen t
9．A．pininsB．emtinsC．wrriesD．memries
10．A．strangeB．newC．smartD．lnely
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者独自骑自行车从伦敦到伊斯坦布尔的旅行经历。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次具有挑战性的自行车旅行花费了我89天，穿越了11个国家。A. amusing有趣的；B. challenging有挑战性的；C. bring无聊的；D. cnfusing令人困惑的。根据前文的“I cycled alne frm Lndn t Istanbul”和后文的“tk me 89 days and thrugh 11 cuntries”可知，作者独自骑自行车从伦敦到伊斯坦布尔，旅行花费89天，穿越了11个国家，所以这是一次有挑战性的旅行。故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. recgnize认出；B. entertain娱乐；C. welcme欢迎；D. meet遇见。根据后文的“sme amazing peple”可知，这里表示作者遇到了一些令人惊叹的人。故选D。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是我骑自行车旅行的灵感来源：我想找到更负责任的方式来保护地球，并尽可能避免乘坐飞机。A. strategy策略；B. inspiratin灵感；C. barrier障碍；D. achievement成就。根据后文的“I wanted t find mre respnsible ways t prtect the planet”可知，作者骑自行车旅行是为了找到更负责任的方式来保护地球，所以这是他骑自行车的灵感来源。故选B。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. enjy享受；B. finish完成；C. avid避免；D. practice练习。根据上文“mre respnsible ways t prtect the planet”和下文“traveling by plane where pssible”可知，作者想找到更负责任的方式来保护地球，所以要尽可能避免乘坐飞机。故选C。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现自行车旅行是最环保的旅行方式之一，因为除了自行车和你自己的脚踏力量外，你每天可以覆盖令人惊讶的距离，同时携带你所需要的一切。A. ld-fashined老式的；B. well-rganized组织良好的；C. up-t-date最新的；D. ec-friendly环保的。根据下文“as using nthing but a bicycle and yur wn pedal (脚踏) pwer”可知，骑自行车是环保的旅行方式。故选D。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. distances距离；B. expense费用；C. messages信息；D. amunt数量。根据下文“while cvering surprising”可知，作者骑自行车旅行，所以可以覆盖很长的距离。故选A。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活的简单和独自骑自行车消磨的空闲时间给了我很多思考的时间。A. pressure压力；B. value价值；C. simplicity简单；D. expectatin期待。根据下文“f life and the free time I spent just cycling alne”可知，作者独自骑自行车消磨空闲时间，说明生活很简单。故选C。
8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，我设法对过去的许多问题保持开放的态度，并感到我的信心和独立性有所增强。A. get away with逃避惩罚；B. g n with继续做；C. be sensitive t对……敏感；D. be pen t对……开放，接受。根据下文“a lt f prblems frm my past and feel that my cnfidence and independence”可知，作者对过去的许多问题保持开放的态度，所以感到自己的信心和独立性有所增强。故选D。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我抵达伊斯坦布尔，在过去的三个月里，我充满了复杂的情绪：孤独、快乐、解放、自豪和焦虑。A. pinins观点；B. emtins情绪；C. wrries担心；D. memries记忆。根据下文的“lneliness, jy, liberatin, pride and anxiety”可知，作者抵达伊斯坦布尔，内心充满了复杂的情绪。故选B。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，这次旅行让我觉得自己变成了一个全新的人。A. strange奇怪的；B. new新的；C. smart聪明的；D. lnely孤独的。根据上文“I’ve managed t 12 a lt f prblems frm my past and feel that my cnfidence and independence have 13 .”和“lneliness, jy, liberatin, pride and anxiety”可知，作者的信心和独立性有所增强，作者经历了不同的情绪，所以觉得自己变成了一个全新的人。故选B。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
During my summer vacatin in the US, I nce asked fr a cup f ht water at a restaurant. The waiter’s 11 (cnfuse) lk suggested my request seemed strange. In America, peple lve t drink ice-cld water. But in China, we prefer ht water. The waiter 12 (cme) back with a glass f rm temperature water. I plitely asked again, “Can I please have sme ht water?” The waiter finally understd and brught me a steaming cup f ht water. 13 (learn) smething new abut each ther’s cultures, we bth smiled.
【答案】11．cnfused 12．came 13．Learning
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在美国过暑假在餐厅里要热水的经历。
11．考查形容词。句意：服务员困惑的表情表明我的要求似乎有些奇怪。修饰lk，且表示“感到困惑的”应用形容词cnfused。故填cnfused。
12．考查时态。句意：服务员端来一杯常温的水。事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填came。
13．考查非谓语动词。句意：了解了彼此的文化，我们都笑了。此处learn与we构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Learning。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
One f China’s 14 (ld) types f art is Nelithic pttery (陶器). 15 (name) fr the perid when it appeared, this type f art can date back t arund10,000 BCE. Thugh early Nelithic pttery was left unpainted, many wrks were decrated by pressing crds (绳索) int them, 16 (leave) special patterns. Sme f the mst amazing pieces were created by Yangsha peple 17 lived alng the Yellw River frm 5,000 BCE t 3,000 BCE.
【答案】14．ldest 15．Named 16．leaving 17．wh/that
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国新石器时代陶器这一古老艺术形式。
14．考查形容词。句意：新石器时代的陶器是中国最古老的艺术类型之一。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据ne f可知，需用最高级。故填ldest。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种艺术以其出现的时期命名，可以追溯到公元前10000年左右。本句已有谓语动词can date back，所以name用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语this type f art之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式作状语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Named。
16．考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然新石器时代早期的陶器没有涂漆，但许多作品都是用绳子压在上面，留下特殊的图案来装饰的。本句已有谓语动词were decrated，所以leave用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语wrks之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语。故填leaving。
17．考查定语从句。句意：其中一些最令人惊叹的作品是由公元前5000年至公元前3000年生活在黄河沿岸的仰韶人创造的。空处引导定语从句，先行词是Yangsha peple，修饰人，在从句中作主语，用wh或者that引导。故填wh或者that。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Tday, many peple wnder 18 electric cars are better than gasline cars. Sme argue they are clean, nt-plluting and cheaper, 19 gasline cars are still very ppular. They can drive lng distances 20 needing t recharge, and they als refuel mre quickly, taking nly a few minutes at a gas statin. Additinally, there are mre gas statins than charging statins, making gasline cars mre cnvenient fr lng trips.
【答案】18．if/whether 19．but 20．withut
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汽油车的优点。
18．考查宾语从句。句意：今天，许多人想知道电动车是否比汽油车好。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，表示“是否”可用if或whether。故填if/whether。
19．考查连词。句意：有些人认为它们清洁、无污染、便宜，但汽油车仍然很受欢迎。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
20．考查介词。句意：它们可以行驶很长的距离而不需要充电，而且它们也可以更快地加油，在加油站只需要几分钟。后跟动名词作宾语，表示“不”用介词withut。故填withut。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
THE TEMPE FESTIVAL OF THE ARTS
December 6–8, 2024, Friday–Saturday 10:00 AM–5:30 PM & Sunday 10:00 AM–4:30 PM
KIDS BLOCK
A hands-n interactive blck fr yung artists and a yuth exhibitin featuring ver 450 student wrks frm arund the Valley - n display and fr sale. Get the yung creatives invlved with the festival in a new way with cmmunity partners, wh will be n site ding take-away prjects with yung visitrs! Yuth can start their appreciatin fr the arts at a yung age by visiting Yung Cllectrs n Saturday and Sunday. Fr just $5 children can begin their art cllecting jurney.
YOUNG ARTIST EXHIBITION
Each festival we receive hundreds f pieces f artwrk created by talented Valley yuth wh are interested in having their wrks exhibited fr a chance t win a cash prize, and fr the pprtunity t sell their wrks (please refer t each nameplate t identify which pieces are fr sale). Yu can visit the exhibitin near Kids Blck, Friday-Sunday at the festival.
YOUNG COLLECTORS GALLERY
Each year, ur artists have the ptin t dnate a piece t the gallery, ffering children the chance t purchase and bring hme their very wn piece. We encurage yung cllectrs t shp n their wn, learning freedm in what they like. Vlunteers will be in place t assist children. The Yung Cllectrs sectin will be pen n Saturday and Sunday f the festival.
APPLICATIONS ARE NOW OPEN!
All students MUST have a signed and cmpleted digital Permissin Frm t enter the festival.
21．When can children visit KIDS BLOCK?
A．10:00 AM-5:30 PM Friday.B．10:30 AM-4:00 PM Sunday.
C．9:00 AM-5:00 PM Saturday.D．10:00 AM-7:00 PM Saturday.
22．What is special abut YOUNG ARTIST EXHIBITION?
A．It requires n-site registratin.
B．It ffers cash assistance t yuth.
C．It includes a cmpetitin fr participants.
D．It gives kids a chance t recreate their wrks.
23．What d the three sectins have in cmmn?
A．Kids can make an art purchase.B．Visitrs may dnate their wrks.
C．Vlunteers will be badly needed.D．Yung artists can gain mre prfit.
【答案】21．B 22．C 23．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了即将开幕的艺术节及青少年可参与的活动内容。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段内容“December 6–8, 2024, Friday–Saturday 10:00 AM–5:30 PM & Sunday 10:00 AM–4:30 PM (2024年12月6日至8日，周五至周六上午10:00至下午5:30，周日上午10:00至晚上4:30)”和“KIDS BLOCK”部分关键句“Yuth can start their appreciatin fr the arts at a yung age by visiting Yung Cllectrs n Saturday and Sunday. (年轻人可以在周六和周日参观青年收藏家，在年轻时就开始欣赏艺术。)”可知，“KIDS BLOCK”的参观时间是周六和周日，周五至周六上午10:00至下午5:30，周日上午10:00至晚上4:30，结合选项可知，孩子们在周日上午10:30至下午4:00可以参观KIDS BLOCK。故选B项。
22．细节理解题。根据“YOUNG ARTIST EXHIBITION”部分关键句“Each festival we receive hundreds f pieces f artwrk created by talented Valley yuth wh are interested in having their wrks exhibited fr a chance t win a cash prize, and fr the pprtunity t sell their wrks (please refer t each nameplate t identify which pieces are fr sale). (每个节日，我们都会收到数百件由才华横溢的山谷青年创作的艺术品，他们有兴趣展出自己的作品，有机会获得现金奖励，并有机会出售自己的作品（请参阅每个名牌以确定哪些作品可以出售）。)”可知，“YOUNG ARTIST EXHIBITION”为参与者提供了竞赛机会，获胜者有机会获得现金奖励，由此可知，“YOUNG ARTIST EXHIBITION”的特别之处在于它包括一场参与者的竞赛。故选C项。
23．细节理解题。根据“KIDS BLOCK”部分关键句“A hands-n interactive blck fr yung artists and a yuth exhibitin featuring ver 450 student wrks frm arund the Valley - n display and fr sale. (一个面向年轻艺术家的动手互动块和一个青年展览，展出和出售来自山谷各地的450多件学生作品。)”、“YOUNG ARTIST EXHIBITION”部分关键句“Each festival we receive hundreds f pieces f artwrk created by talented Valley yuth wh are interested in having their wrks exhibited fr a chance t win a cash prize, and fr the pprtunity t sell their wrks (please refer t each nameplate t identify which pieces are fr sale). (每个节日，我们都会收到数百件由才华横溢的山谷青年创作的艺术品，他们有兴趣展出自己的作品，有机会获得现金奖励，并有机会出售自己的作品（请参阅每个名牌以确定哪些作品可以出售）。)”和“YOUNG COLLECTORS GALLERY”部分关键句“Each year, ur artists have the ptin t dnate a piece t the gallery, ffering children the chance t purchase and bring hme their very wn piece. (每年，我们的艺术家都可以选择向画廊捐赠一件作品，让孩子们有机会购买并带回家自己的作品。)”可知，三个部分都给孩子提供了购买艺术品的机会，由此可知，三个部分的共同点是孩子们可以从中购买艺术品。故选A项。
B
Tw years ag, fueled by my envy fr thse with gardens, I signed up fr a plt, a place where I culd read and write in the sun, safe frm distractins. A few mnths ag, I was presented a half-plt f available land. The plt, which was bigger than I culd dream f, was beautiful but vergrwn — getting it started wuld require hard wrk. I wasn’t sure I had it in me.
Fast frward t nw. After seeking guidance frm my family and watching beginners’ gardening vides, I spend hurs a week swing, weeding, watering and harvesting. My summer at the plt has s far ffered cuntless lessns, but the mst imprtant ne has been learning mre abut hw fd actually grws. Take the humble cauliflwer — a cmmn sight in the supermarket, yet it demands patient tending fr up t six mnths, all fr a shrt mment n the plate. Seasnality has als taken n a new meaning. I knew that all fresh fd has its “seasn” but it was nly when I was verwhelmed by an endless supply f curgettes that I really understd I culd be eating them fr mnths.
Yet abundant harvests cme with a lessn in impermanence. Fresh prduce ges ff quickly nce ripened and picked. And s I’ve turned t the ld craft f preservatin — learning what t bil and freeze, r make int jam — t make things last. When the harvest has been mre than I can manage, I’ve shared the abundance with friends and family, spreading the jy.
While gardening is a welcme escape frm the chas f the mdern wrld, yu can’t avid the reality f the climate crisis. It’s ne thing t read these in the news r see them reflected in prices, but it’s quite anther when yu have t be in tune with weather patterns, praying fr prlnged sunshine withut the unbearable heat.
As I cntinue t tend my plt, I d s with a sense f humility, wnder and excitement. What started as a desire fr a small patch f green has grwn int smething much mre significant — a cnnectin t my lcal envirnment, a respect fr the fd I eat and an awareness f the fragile natural systems that sustain us. In the beginning, I was wrried I wuld fail the plt; instead, I’m finding myself grwing alngside it.
24．Hw did the authr feel when getting the plt?
A．Prud but anxius.B．Grateful but puzzled.
C．Amazed but wrried.D．Mved but disappinted.
25．While wrking n the plt, the authr learned t __________.
A．remve chas frm lifeB．create seasnal recipes
C．identify cmmn plantsD．respect laws f nature
26．What des the authr’s experience tell us?
A．Labr is the mst reliable wealth.B．Every seasn brings its wn lessns.
C．The land is made better and s is the gardener.D．One shuld stay hungry fr cnstant prgress.
【答案】24．C 25．D 26．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与花园结缘的经历，以及这段经历给作者带来的感悟和成长。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The plt, which was bigger than I culd dream f, was beautiful but vergrwn — getting it started wuld require hard wrk. I wasn’t sure I had it in me.(这块地比我想象的要大，很美，但杂草丛生——要开始耕种需要付出艰苦的努力。我不确定自己是否有这个能力)”可知，作者发现这块地比想象的要大，很美，他感到惊讶(amazed)，但它杂草丛生，需要付出艰苦的努力，所以又担心(wrried)自己无法胜任。故选C项。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段中“My summer at the plt has s far ffered cuntless lessns, but the mst imprtant ne has been learning mre abut hw fd actually grws.(我在这块地上的夏天到目前为止给我带来了无数的教训，但最重要的一个是更多地了解了食物是如何生长的)”和最后一段中“What started as a desire fr a small patch f green has grwn int smething much mre significant — a cnnectin t my lcal envirnment, a respect fr the fd I eat and an awareness f the fragile natural systems that sustain us.(起初只是想要一小块绿地，现在已经变成了更重要的事情 —— 与我当地的环境建立联系，尊重我所吃的食物，意识到维持我们生存的脆弱的自然系统)”可知，在耕种这块地的过程中，作者了解了食物是如何生长，学会尊重食物，意识到维持我们生存的脆弱自然系统，即学会了尊重自然规律。故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“What started as a desire fr a small patch f green has grwn int smething much mre significant — a cnnectin t my lcal envirnment, a respect fr the fd I eat and an awareness f the fragile natural systems that sustain us. In the beginning, I was wrried I wuld fail the plt; instead, I’m finding myself grwing alngside it.(最初只是对一小块绿地的渴望，现在已经发展成为更有意义的东西——与我所在地的环境的联系，对我所吃的食物的尊重，以及对维持我们的脆弱自然系统的认识。一开始，我担心自己会失败；相反，我发现自己也在和它一起成长)”可知，作者的经历告诉我们，土地变得更好，园丁也是如此，即人与土地是相互促进，共同成长的。故选C项。
C
Artificial intelligence-pwered medical treatment ptins are n the rise and have the ptential t imprve diagnstic (诊断的) accuracy, but a new study led by University f Arizna Health Sciences researchers fund that abut 52% f participants wuld chse a human dctr rather than AI fr diagnsis and treatment.
“While many patients appear resistant t the use f AI, accuracy f infrmatin, encuragement and a listening patient experience may help increase acceptance,” Marvin Slepian, wh led the research, said. “T ensure that the benefits f AI are secured in clinical practice, future research n best methds f physician incrpratin and patient decisin making is required.”
In this study, participants were placed int settings as mck (模拟的) patients and asked whether and under what circumstances they wuld prefer t have an AI system r a physical dctr fr diagnsis and treatment.
In the first phase, researchers cnducted structured interviews with actual patients, testing their reactins t current and future AI technlgies. In the secnd phase, researchers surveyed 2,472 participants acrss diverse ethnic, racial and sciecnmic (社会经济学的) grups using a blinded, randmized survey.
Overall, participants were almst evenly split (分开), with mre than 52% chsing human dctrs as a preference and abut 47% chsing an AI diagnstic methd. If study participants were infrmed that their primary care physician felt AI was superir, the acceptance f AI by study participants n re-questining increased. This signaled the significance f the human physician in guiding a patient’s decisin.
Disease severity did nt affect participants’ trust in AI. Cmpared t white participants, black participants selected AI less ften and Native Americans selected it mre ften. Older participants were less likely t chse AI, as were thse wh self-identified as plitically cnservative. These findings suggest that differing grups will need specific sensitivity and attentin as t infrming them abut the value and usefulness f AI t enhance diagnses.
“I really feel this study has the imprtance fr natinal reach. It will guide many future studies and clinical transitinal decisins even nw,” Slepian said. “The nus will be n physicians and thers in health care t ensure that infrmatin in AI systems is accurate, and t cntinue t maintain and enhance the accuracy f AI systems as they play an increasing rle in the future f health care.”
27．What can we infer abut AI treatment frm Paragraph 2?
A．Further clinical research is required.
B．Its benefits remain t be cnfirmed.
C．It can ensure a gd listening patient experience.
D．Physician invlvement will increase patients’ acceptance.
28．What may affect participants’ preference fr AI treatment accrding t the research?
A．Their sensitivity t AI’s value.B．The questins they were asked.
C．The access t the physicians.D．Their persnal backgrunds.
29．What des the underlined wrd “nus” in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A．Attempt.B．Respnsibility.C．Impressin.D．Opprtunity.
30．Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A．The Trust in AI: A Split Amng Patients
B．Bridging the Gap: Human Dctrs and AI
C．An Imprtant Study: The Future f AI Systems
D．Imprving Diagnstic Accuracy: The Rle f AI
【答案】27．D 28．D 29．B 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项患者对于在医疗诊断与治疗中使用人工智能态度的研究，通过实验的过程来说明新的科学研究发现及其启示。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段““While many patients appear resistant t the use f AI, accuracy f infrmatin, encuragement and a listening patient experience may help increase acceptance,” Marvin Slepian, wh led the research, said. “T ensure that the benefits f AI are secured in clinical practice, future research n best methds f physician incrpratin and patient decisin making is required.”(“虽然许多患者似乎对使用人工智能有抵触情绪，但信息的准确性、鼓励和倾听的患者体验可能有助于提高接受度。” 该研究的负责人马文·斯皮安说，“为了确保人工智能的好处在临床实践中得到保障，未来需要对医生纳入和患者决策的最佳方法进行研究。”)”可知，医生的参与会增加患者对人工智能治疗的接受程度。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据第四段“In the secnd phase, researchers surveyed 2,472 participants acrss diverse ethnic, racial and sciecnmic (社会经济学的) grups using a blinded, randmized survey. (在第二阶段，研究人员采用盲法随机调查，调查了不同民族、种族和社会经济群体的2472名参与者。)”可知，在第二阶段，研究的参与者来自不同背景。再根据第六段“Disease severity did nt affect participants’ trust in AI. Cmpared t white participants, black participants selected AI less ften and Native Americans selected it mre ften. Older participants were less likely t chse AI, as were thse wh self-identified as plitically cnservative. These findings suggest that differing grups will need specific sensitivity and attentin as t infrming them abut the value and usefulness f AI t enhance diagnses. (疾病严重程度不影响参与者对人工智能的信任。与白人参与者相比，黑人参与者选择人工智能的频率更低，而美国原住民选择人工智能的频率更高。年龄较大的参与者不太可能选择人工智能，那些自认为是政治保守派的人也是如此。这些发现表明，不同的群体将需要特定的敏感性和注意力，以告知他们人工智能在提高诊断方面的价值和有用性。)”可知，参与者的种族、年龄和政治倾向等个人背景因素对其对人工智能治疗的偏好产生了影响。故选D。
29．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“and t cntinue t maintain and enhance the accuracy f AI systems as they play an increasing rle in the future f health care. (并继续保持和提高人工智能系统的准确性，因为它们将在未来的医疗保健中发挥越来越大的作用。)”可知，保持和提高人工智能系统的准确性的医生和其他医疗保健人员，所以医生和其他医疗保健人员有责任确保人工智能系统中的信息准确。所以划线词nus的意思是“责任”。故选B。
30．主旨大意题。本文属于研究报告。第一、二段为研究发现；第三至第六段为主干，以实验研究过程为线索，通过对比法得出结论；最后一段为研究启示。根据第一、二段研究发现可知，文章主要介绍的是一项患者对医疗诊断与治疗中使用人工智能的态度的研究。所以“The Trust in AI: A Split Amng Patients(对人工智能的信任：患者之间的分歧)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
D
The age f artificial intelligence has begun, and it brings plenty f anxieties. Almst all f the cnversatins abut risk have t d with the ptential cnsequences f AI systems pursuing gals that depart frm what they were prgrammed t d and that are nt in the interests f humans. But this is nly ne side f the danger. Imagine what culd unfld if AI des d what humans want.
“What humans want,” f curse, isn’t a mnlith. Different peple have cuntless ideas f what cnstitutes “the greater gd.” Even if we culd get everyne t fcus n the well-being f the entire human species, it’s unlikely we’d be able t agree n what that might lk like.
That seems t be the reasn that DeepMind recently funded an internal rganizatin fcused n AI safety and preventing its manipulatin by bad actrs. But it’s nt ideal that what’s “bad” is ging t be determined by a handful f individuals at this ne particular crpratin — cmplete with their blind spts and persnal and cultural biases (偏见). The ptential prblem ges beynd humans harming ther humans. What’s “gd” fr humanity has, many times thrughut histry, cme at the expense f ther sentient (有知觉力的) beings. Such is the situatin tday.
In the US alne, we have billins f animals kept in cnfinement, subjected t cruel treatment, and denial f their basic psychlgical and physilgical needs at any given time. Entire species are dminated and systemically butchered s that we can have melets, burgers and shes.
If AI des exactly what “we” want it t, that wuld likely mean enacting this mass cruelty mre efficiently, at an even greater scale and with mre autmatin and fewer pprtunities fr sympathetic humans t step in and flag anything particularly hrrifying.
A better gal than aligning AI with humanity’ s immediate interests wuld be what I wuld call “sentient alignment” — AI acting in accrdance with the interests f all sentient beings, including humans, all ther animals and, shuld it exist, sentient AI. This will strike sme as aggressive, because what’s gd fr all sentient life might nt always agree with what’s gd fr humankind. It might smetimes, even ften, be in ppsitin t what humans want r what wuld be best fr the greatest number f us.
Peter Singer, a philspher, argued that an AI system’s ultimate gals and pririties are mre imprtant than it being aligned with humans. “The questin is really whether this super intelligent AI is ging t be benevlent and want t prduce a better wrld,” Singer said, “and even if we dn’t cntrl it, it still will prduce a better wrld in which ur interests will get taken int accunt.”
I’m with Singer n this. Decentering humankind t any extent, and especially t this extreme, is an idea that will challenge peple. But that’s necessary if we’re t prevent ur current belief frm spreading in new and awful ways.
31．The authr mentins the rganizatin funded by DeepMind t __________.
A．questin a slutinB．clarify a belief
C．illustrate an exampleD．explain a practice
32．Which f the fllwing can best present the idea f “sentient alignment”?
A．AI extends the same rights t living beings.B．AI prmtes the interactin amng species.
C．AI benefits frm the develpment f humans.D．AI meets the demands f perceptive creatures.
33．What des the underlined wrd “benevlent” in Paragraph 7 prbably mean?
A．Ambitius.B．Generus.C．Resurceful.D．Cmpetitive.
34．The authr’s majr cncern in develping AI is that __________.
A．AI pses a threat t the wrldB．sciety’s mrals are in decline
C．humans priritize their wn needsD．sentient beings deepen cultural biases
【答案】31．A 32．D 33．B 34．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人工智能(AI)的发展以及人类应如何设定AI的终极目标和优先级，提出了“有知觉力的协调”这一概念，即AI应符合所有有知觉力生物的利益，而不仅仅是人类的利益。
31．推理判断题。根据第三段中“That seems t be the reasn that DeepMind recently funded an internal rganizatin fcused n AI safety and preventing its manipulatin by bad actrs. But it’s nt ideal that what’s ‘bad’ is ging t be determined by a handful f individuals at this ne particular crpratin — cmplete with their blind spts and persnal and cultural biases (偏见). (这似乎就是DeepMind最近成立一个内部组织的原因，该组织专注于AI安全，并防止其被不良行为者操纵。但由这家特定公司的少数几个人来决定什么是“坏”的并不理想——他们也有自己的盲点以及个人和文化偏见)”可知，作者提到DeepMind成立的组织，是为了质疑这种由少数人决定AI“好坏”的解决方案。故选A项。
32．细节理解题。根据第六段中“A better gal than aligning AI with humanity’ s immediate interests wuld be what I wuld call ‘sentient alignment’ — AI acting in accrdance with the interests f all sentient beings, including humans, all ther animals and, shuld it exist, sentient AI. (一个比将AI与人类眼前利益相一致更好的目标是我所称的“有知觉力的协调”——即AI的行为符合所有有知觉力生物的利益，包括人类、所有其他动物，以及如果存在的话，有知觉力的AI)”可知，“有知觉力的协调”指的是AI应满足所有有知觉力生物的需求。故选D项。
33．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“and want t prduce a better wrld(并想要创造一个更好的世界)”可推知，“仁慈的，善良的”人工智能才会想要创造一个更好的世界，划线词benevlent与generus意思相近，意为“宽宏大量的，仁慈的”。故选B项。
34．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其结合最后一段中“Decentering humankind t any extent, and especially t this extreme, is an idea that will challenge peple. But that’s necessary if we’re t prevent ur current belief frm spreading in new and awful ways. (在任何程度上，尤其是极端程度上，将人类置于中心之外，都是一个将挑战人们的想法。但如果我们想要阻止我们当前的信念以新的、可怕的方式传播，这是必要的)”可知，文章指出人们关注人工智能按自身目标行事的风险，阐述了若人工智能按人类意愿可能带来大规模残忍情况，进而提出要考虑所有有知觉力生物利益的 “有知觉力的协调” 概念，都在强调不能只关注人类自身需求，要避免人类只优先考虑自己需求而忽视其他有知觉力生物的情况，即担心的是人类在发展AI时过于优先考虑自己的需求，而忽视了其他有知觉力生物的利益。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。
Persnal develpment gals are bjectives that we set t imprve ur skills, habits, mindset, relatinships, and verall wellbeing. 35 Sme cmmn examples include the fllwing.
Enhance cmmunicatin skills t fster better relatinships. 36 It may include practicing active listening, and empathy, as well as learning cnflict reslutin techniques. After hning cmmunicatin skills, individuals can strengthen relatinships with thers, leading t deeper understanding, trust, and mutual respect.
Set bundaries t priritize self-care. It is essential t clear limits and guidelines fr persnal space, time, and energy t prtect wellbeing. It invlves learning t say n t cmmitments that waste resurces and setting realistic expectatins fr urselves and thers. 37
Develp a grwth mindset t embrace challenges. Adpting a mindset that views challenges, setbacks, and failures as pprtunities fr grwth undubtedly helps us grw. 38 With a grwth mindset, individuals can vercme bstacles with adaptability, leading t greater cnfidence, achievement, and persnal fulfillment.
39 Integrating mindfulness-based techniques and practices int daily life t cultivate greater awareness, presence, and emtinal regulatin is an exciting persnal develpment gal t wrk n. By cultivating mindfulness, individuals can reduce stress, and anxiety, imprve fcus and cncentratin, and fster a greater sense f calm, and verall emtinal wellbeing.
A．They are tailred t individuals’ unique needs fr grwth.
B．Fcus n self-reflectin and mindfulness t realize dreams.
C．This gal invlves actively imprving cmmunicatin abilities.
D．Cultivate mindfulness practices t enhance emtinal wellbeing.
E．They encurage individuals t reflect n what truly matters t them.
F．By setting bundaries, individuals can create space fr self-care activities.
G．It requires building a belief in the ability t develp skills and imprve ver time.
【答案】35．A 36．C 37．F 38．G 39．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些个人发展的建议和方法。
35．根据上文“Persnal develpment gals are bjectives that we set t imprve ur skills, habits, mindset, relatinships, and verall wellbeing. (个人发展目标是我们为提高自己的技能、习惯、心态、人际关系和整体幸福感而设定的目标。)”以及后文“Sme cmmn examples include the fllwing. (以下是一些常见的例子。)”可知，上文介绍个人发展目标的定义，强调这些目标是为了提升个人技能和整体福祉，A选项最符合语境，说明个人发展目标是根据每个人独特的成长需求量身定制的。故A选项“它们是根据个人独特的成长需求量身定制的。”符合语境，故选A。
36．根据上文“Enhance cmmunicatin skills t fster better relatinships. (提高沟通技巧，培养更好的人际关系。)”可知，上文提到提高沟通技巧，本句指出这一目标的具体内容，C选项cmmunicatin对应上文cmmunicatin。故C选项“这个目标包括积极提高沟通能力。”符合语境，故选C。
37．根据上文“Set bundaries t priritize self-care. It is essential t clear limits and guidelines fr persnal space, time, and energy t prtect wellbeing. It invlves learning t say n t cmmitments that waste resurces and setting realistic expectatins fr urselves and thers. (设定界限，优先考虑自我照顾。必须明确个人空间、时间和精力的限制和指导方针，以保护健康。它包括学会对浪费资源的承诺说不，并为自己和他人设定现实的期望。)”可知，本段主要讨论设定界限来优先考虑照顾自我，本句进一步阐释设定界限的重要性，强调这样做可以为自我照顾活动创造空间。故F选项“通过设定界限，个人可以为自我照顾活动创造空间。”符合语境，故选F。
38．根据上文“Develp a grwth mindset t embrace challenges. Adpting a mindset that views challenges, setbacks, and failures as pprtunities fr grwth undubtedly helps us grw. (培养一种接受挑战的成长心态。采用一种将挑战、挫折和失败视为成长机会的心态无疑有助于我们成长。)”可知，本段主要讲发展成长心态，本句说明建立这种心态的要求。故G选项“它需要建立一种信念，相信自己有能力发展技能，并随着时间的推移而提高。”符合语境，故选G。
39．根据后文“Integrating mindfulness-based techniques and practices int daily life t cultivate greater awareness, presence, and emtinal regulatin is an exciting persnal develpment gal t wrk n. By cultivating mindfulness, individuals can reduce stress, and anxiety, imprve fcus and cncentratin, and fster a greater sense f calm, and verall emtinal wellbeing. (将基于正念的技巧和实践融入日常生活中，培养更强的意识、存在感和情绪调节能力，是一个令人兴奋的个人发展目标。通过培养正念，个人可以减少压力和焦虑，提高注意力和集中力，培养更大的平静感和整体情绪健康。)”可知，最后一段讨论正念技巧以及对情绪健康的影响，D选项mindfulness对应mindfulness-based。故D选项“培养正念练习来增强情绪健康。”符合语境，故选D。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
My path was lng t recgnizing my vcatin (职业) , much lnger than it had t be. My parents were prfessrs f engineering. Science was the hrizn f pssibility in my family; nthing else cunted r even existed. N matter hw much I lved t read and write, it never ccurred t me t majr in anything else.
I had been curius abut bilgy and psychlgy in high schl, s when I knew Clumbia ffered a jint majr in the tw fields, I chse it n the spt. The feeling, ther than excitement, was ne f relief. I culdn’t bear the uncertainty that cllege represented. Instead f pening ptins up, I needed t shut them dwn. I had lcked up three-quarters f my curses fr the next fur years, and I hadn’t even gne t a single class.
There was n ne there t stp me. I wuld mpe (消沉) in the back f thse lectures, reading a nvel behind my ntebk, unaware f the fact that I was trying t tell myself smething. I dn’t knw exactly when things went wrng with my chsen curse f study. By the time I realized that I shuld have been an English majr, it was t late t make the switch. I ended up wrking in a tiny nnprfit that meant nthing t me, with n idea where I shuld g next.
And then I happened t be visiting a friend in architecture schl. She wasn’t happy, either; her prgram was way t pretentius and theretical. We were walking alng and she said, “I have t get ut f graduate schl. ” And I immediately thught “I have t g t graduate schl. ” Meaning, I’ll never be happy until I give myself the chance t study English literature after all. Meaning, it’s nt t late - I’m nt ging t let it be t late. Everything was suddenly clear and calm.
It wasn’t easy getting in at that pint. But fr the first time in a lng while, I perfrmed at the tp f my ability. I’d study fr eighty hurs a week and I had never been happier.
40．What family factr (s) influenced the authr’s chice f majr?

41．What did the authr realize at cllege?

42．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The authr was determined t get int graduate schl because his friend persuaded him t d s.
43．What have yu learned frm the authr’s experience f chsing a majr in cllege? (In abut40 wrds)

【答案】40．The prfessins f the authr’s parents. 41．The authr realized that he shuld have been an English majr. 42．The authr was determined t get int graduate schl because his friend persuaded him t d s.
The authr was determined t get int graduate schl because he wanted t give himself the chance t study English literature. 43．Frm the authr's experience, I learned that chsing a majr shuld be based n ne's true interests and passins rather than external expectatins r family influence. Fllwing ne's heart leads t true happiness and fulfillment.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在选择职业道路上的曲折经历。尽管对阅读和写作充满热爱，但由于家庭环境的影响，作者最初选择了科学领域的专业。然而，在大学期间，作者逐渐意识到自己真正的兴趣在于英语文学，但为时已晚，无法转专业。毕业后，作者从事了一份没有意义的工作，感到迷茫。一次偶然的机会，作者受到朋友启发，决定继续深造学习英语文学，并最终找到了自己的方向和快乐。
40．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“My parents were prfessrs f engineering. Science was the hrizn f pssibility in my family; nthing else cunted r even existed. (我的父母是工程学教授。科学是我家庭可能性的地平线；其他一切都无关紧要甚至不存在。)”可知，作者父母的职业影响了作者选择专业，故答案为The prfessins f the authr’s parents.
41．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“By the time I realized that I shuld have been an English majr, it was t late t make the switch. (当我意识到我应该是英语专业的时候，已经太晚了，无法换专业了。)”可知，作者在大学时意识到他应该是英语专业，故答案为The authr realized that he shuld have been an English majr.
42．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“And I immediately thught “I have t g t graduate schl.” Meaning, I’ll never be happy until I give myself the chance t study English literature after all. Meaning, it’s nt t late - I’m nt ging t let it be t late. (我立刻想到“我必须去读研究生。”这意味着，直到我给自己机会学习英国文学，我才会快乐。这意味着，还不算太晚——我不会让它太晚。）”可知，作者决定去读研究生是因为他想给自己机会学习英国文学，而不是因为朋友劝说，所以表达“because his friend persuaded him t d s (因为他的朋友劝说他这样做)”是错误的，应更正为“because he wanted t give himself the chance t study English literature”故答案为The authr was determined t get int graduate schl because his friend persuaded him t d s.
The authr was determined t get int graduate schl because he wanted t give himself the chance t study English literature.
43．考查推理判断。根据文章第一段“My path was lng t recgnizing my vcatin (职业) , much lnger than it had t be. My parents were prfessrs f engineering. Science was the hrizn f pssibility in my family; nthing else cunted r even existed. N matter hw much I lved t read and write, it never ccurred t me t majr in anything else. (我花了很长时间才找到自己的职业方向，其实本不必如此。我的父母都是工科教授，在我们家科学是唯一可能的前景；其他都不重要，甚至不存在。无论我多么喜欢阅读和写作，我从未想过要主修其他专业。)”和第三段“There was n ne there t stp me. I wuld mpe (消沉) in the back f thse lectures, reading a nvel behind my ntebk, unaware f the fact that I was trying t tell myself smething. I dn’t knw exactly when things went wrng with my chsen curse f study. By the time I realized that I shuld have been an English majr, it was t late t make the switch. I ended up wrking in a tiny nnprfit that meant nthing t me, with n idea where I shuld g next. (没有人阻止我。那些讲座上，我会坐在后面消沉地读小说，笔记本挡在前面，却没意识到我是在试图告诉自己些什么。我不知道我的课程选择到底是什么时候出了问题。直到我意识到自己应该主修英语时，已经太晚了，无法转专业了。最终我在一家对我毫无意义的小非营利组织工作，完全不知道下一步该去哪里。)”内容可知，作者选择专业时受到家庭影响而选择了科学专业，后来意识到自己应该是英语专业但已经太晚无法换专业，所以从作者的经历中我们可以学到选择专业应该基于自己的真正兴趣和激情而不是外部期望或家庭影响，跟随自己的心会带来真正的幸福和满足感，故答案为Frm the authr's experience, I learned that chsing a majr shuld be based n ne's true interests and passins rather than external expectatins r family influence. Fllwing ne's heart leads t true happiness and fulfillment.
第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分)
假设你是红星中学高三（1）班班长李华，你班的英国交换生Jim对即将举办的“劳动最光荣”主题教育活动很感兴趣，请你写一封邮件告知他相关事宜，邮件内容包括：
1. 活动目的及形式；
2. 活动内容及你的收获。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs
Li Hua
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Jim,
I’m Li Hua. Since yu’re interested in ur “Labr Is the Mst Glrius” themed educatinal activity, I’m glad t tell yu sme details.
The purpse f this activity is t raise ur awareness f the value f labr. It will be carried ut in the frm f a cmbinatin f lectures and hands-n practice.
During the activity, there will be a lecture first, intrducing the great significance f labr in ur daily lives and sciety. Then we’ll participate in sme practical labr, like gardening in the schlyard. I believe that thrugh these activities, we will gain a strnger sense f teamwrk. Als, we will realize that every small effrt in labr can cntribute t a better envirnment.
I hpe yu can als understand mre abut labr thrugh this.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以班长李华的身份，给班级的英国交换生Jim写一封邮件，告知他即将举办的“劳动最光荣”主题教育活动的相关事宜，应简要说明活动目的和形式，具体介绍活动内容和预期得到的收获。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
目的：purpse→aim, gal
实施：carry ut→cnduct, implement
收获：gain→btain, attain
有助于：cntribute t→be helpful in, be cnductive t
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The purpse f this activity is t raise ur awareness f the value f labr.
拓展句：This activity is arranged in rder that ur awareness f the value f labr can be raised.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Since yu’re interested in ur “Labr Is the Mst Glrius” themed educatinal activity, I’m glad t tell yu sme details. (运用了since引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] Als, we will realize that every small effrt in labr can cntribute t a better envirnment. (运用了that引导宾语从句)