安徽省合肥市第七中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第四次质检英语试题（Word版附解析）

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第一节（共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What's the weather like nw?
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cludy.
2. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. C-wrkers. B. Business partners. C. Friends.
3. When will the speakers get there?
A. At 9:45a. m. B. At 9:30a. m. C. At 9:15a. m.
4. Why was the wman late?
A. She missed the taxi. B. The taxi had an accident. C. She gt injured.
5. Wh will begin the lecture?
A. Dr. White. B. Dr. Hpkins. C. Prf. Pears.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或读白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
Where are the speakers?
A. In a htel. B. In the man's ffice. C. In a pst ffice.
7. What will the man d next?
A. Fetch an envelpe. B. Send sme papers by fax. C. G dwnstairs.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What shape f glasses des the man recmmend?
A. Square. B. Rund. C. Heart-shaped.
9. Which glasses are the least ppular?
A. The red nes. B. The gld nes. C. The purple nes.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why des the man g t the wman?
A. T brrw bks. B. T submit his wrk. C. T ask fr time extensin.
11. Whse bk is the man reading nw?
A. Oliver's. B. Andrew's. C. Billy's.
12. What will the man prbably d?
A. Design a survey. B. Analyze research data. C. Interview specialists.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where is the man frm?
A. Canada. B. The UK. C. The USA.
14. What des the man say abut bank hlidays?
A. Peple dn't deal with business n these days.
B. The banks dn't pen n these days.
C. The bank services are free n these days.
15. Hw d peple celebrate Shakespeare Day?
A. Enjy a related mvie. B. Hld a special party. C. Recrd Shakespeare's wrds.
16. When did the man last celebrate Shakespeare Day?
A. Tw years ag. B. Last year. C. Last mnth.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What was the cause f the disaster?
A. T much rainfall. B. A stream f mud. C. Overflwing rivers.
18. What were peple ding when the disaster hit the area?
A. Wrking. B. Sleeping. C. Traveling.
19 Hw many sldiers and plice fficers came t peple's rescue?
A. Over 100. B. Over 200. C. Over 1 ,000.
20. What might the rad cnditins lead t?
A. The difficulty in reaching the trapped.
B. The pssibility f creating anxiety.
C. The shrtage f fd and supplies.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Chance played a majr rle in sme f the wrld’s great inventins, frm Anaesthesia t Brandy.
Anaesthesia
Inventr: Hrace Wells
Year: 1844
What Happened: In its salad days, N₂O was strictly a party ty, since it made peple hwl like hyenas (土狼). But a friend f the dentist tk t much f the stuff at a laughing-gas stage shw and cut his leg. Hwever, the friend hadn’t realized he’d hurt himself. As a result, Nitrus xide became an early frm f anaesthesia.
Saccharin
Inventrs: Cnstantin Fahlberg and Ira Remsen
Year: 1879
What Happened: After spending the day studying cal tar (沥青) byprducts, Fahlberg left his Jhns Hpkins labratry and went t dinner. Smething he ate tasted particularly sweet, which he traced t a chemical cmpund he’d spilled n his hand. Best f all, it cntained n energy cntent. As a result, he cut Remsen and the university ut f millins f dllars when he secretly patented the breakthrugh discvery, saccharin.
Silly Putty
Inventr: James Wright
Year: 1943
What Happened: During the war years, the General Electric engineer cmbined C6H18OSi2 and HBrO3 in an attempt t find a cheap alternative t rubber fr tank ftbard (脚踏板). It didn’t wrk. But the scientists had fun buncing and stretching the mix, when they weren’t using it t transfer cmics nt paper. Kids ended up having fun playing with the Silly Putty t.
Brandy
Inventr: A Dutch shipmaster
Year: 16th century
What Happened: He used heat t cncentrate wine in rder t make it easier t transprt, with the idea f adding water t recver it when he arrived. Unexpectedly, cncentrated wine tasted better than watered-dwn wine. Since then, “Burnt wine” r “brandewijn” in Dutch, has becme a big hit. Call it brandy, since after a few drinks f the stuff, there’s n way yu can prnunce brandewijn s n waiter can understand what yu’re rdering.
1. What can we learn abut saccharin?
A. It is calrie-free.B. It is cstly.
C. It is a lab byprduct.D. It is illegal.
2. Which f the inventins is a ty fr kids?
A. Anaesthesia.B. Saccharin.C. Silly Putty.D. Brandy.
3. What d they have in cmmn?
A. They are eatable.B. They were invented in wartime.
C. They are rganic cmpunds.D. They came ut f the blue.
B
In the scientific histry, few rivalries (竞争) have captured the imaginatin like the ne between Nikla Tesla and Thmas Edisn. These tw inventrs, each with their unique appraches and visins, engaged in a fierce cmpetitin that frever transfrmed the wrld f electricity and innvatin.
The paths f Nikla Tesla and Thmas Edisn first crssed in the late 1800s when Tesla arrived in the United States with his bundless enthusiasm and inventive spirit. Tesla, a yung Serbian engineer, sught pprtunities t wrk n his ambitius ideas. Edisn, already an established inventr and entrepreneur, recgnized Tesla’s talent and emplyed him at his cmpany, the Edisn Machine Wrks.
It was during Tesla’s time wrking fr Edisn that the seeds f rivalry were swn. Edisn advcated direct current (DC) as the dminant methd fr electrical distributin, while Tesla saw the ptential f alternating current (AC) systems, which ffered greater efficiency ver lnger distances.
The turning pint in their rivalry ccurred with the Chicag Wrld’s Fair in 1893．Tesla, backed by Gerge Westinghuse, successfully shwcased the superirity f AC by lighting the fairgrunds with his AC-pwered system. This success crushed Edisn’s claims f DC’s superirity, leading t the widespread adptin f AC as the standard fr electrical pwer transmissin (传输).
Hwever, due t Edisn’s influence, AC pwer was initially dismissed as dangerus and unreliable. In rder t demnstrate its safety, Tesla held a public demnstratin where he famusly lit up a string f lights using his AC
mtr pwered by Niagara Falls, prving nce and fr all that AC pwer was safe fr use in hmes and businesses arund the wrld.
While bth sides fught fiercely fr cntrl f electricity distributin netwrks acrss America, it was ultimately Tesla’s AC system that wn ut due t its greater efficiency ver lng distances cmpared with DC systems which quickly lst vltage (电压) as distance increased frm their surce pint. Eventually even Edisn himself came arund and accepted defeat when he finally admitted that “Tesla has slved an extremely difficult prblem”.
Despite their differences, the tw men had an unwilling respect fr each ther. Edisn was knwn t refer t Tesla as “ne f the greatest electrical geniuses the wrld has ever seen” while Tesla praised Edisn’s cntributins t the field f electricity. Thugh their rivalry defined the develpment f electricity in the late 19th century, its impact still resnates (产生共鸣) tday.
4. In which aspect did Tesla’s and Edisn’s views n electrical systems differ?
A. The surce f electrical pwer.
B. The inventin f electrical devices.
C. The efficiency f pwer generatin.
D. The methd f electrical transmissin.
5. Hw did Tesla prve the reliability f AC pwer?
A. By cnducting a public experiment at Niagara Falls.
B. By displaying AC- pwered lighting in a cmmunity.
C. By getting supprt frm Gerge Westinghuse.
D. By highlighting the limitatins f DC pwer.
6. Why did Tesla’s AC system finally achieve success?
A. It prvided higher vltage utputs.
B. It was easier t perate and maintain.
C. It had superir lng-range perfrmance.
D. It received mre financial backing.
7. What message des the authr want t cnvey in the text?
A. Every clud has a silver lining.
B. Real knwledge cmes frm practice.
C. A rising tide lifts all bats.
D. Rivalry fuels prgress.
C
The impacts f smking n the immune system remain lng after a smker’s last smking, accrding t a study. The analysis is part f an effrt t determine why immune respnses vary s widely frm persn t persn. In additin t cigarette smking, the study fund that having a higher-than-average bdy mass index (体重指数) and having previusly been infected with a typical virus called cytmegalvirus (CMV,巨细胞病毒) als affect the immune respnse.
Bilgist Saint-André and her clleagues analysed bld samples and questinnaires cllected by the Milieu Intérieur Cnsrtium frm 1,000 healthy peple wh live in Brittany, France. The researchers expsed the bld samples t micrrganisms, viruses and s n knwn t activate the immune system. They then gauged the effect f them n the prductin f prteins called cytkines (细胞因子) , which regulate the bdy’s inflammatry (炎症的) respnses.
The authrs cmbined these results with infrmatin abut 136 persnal traits drawn frm ppulatin studies, envirnmental and clinical data. They fund that three factrs std ut as having particularly strng assciatins with cytkine respnses: cigarette smking, bdy mass index and previus cytmegalvirus infectin.
The data n cigarette cnsumptin were particularly striking; the effect f smking n cytkine respnses was as large as the effects f age, sex and genetics. And these effects remained fr years after participants had given up cigarettes.
But the study still needs t be repeated t ensure that the results are cnvincing, says Saint-Andre. And in future, it shuld include a mre diverse grup f participants. The team has nw expanded their study t include participants frm Senegal and Hng Kng, she says. The researchers have als gne back t the riginal participants, and have cllected fresh bld samples frm 415 f them 10 years after the riginal samples were taken.
“It wuld be valuable t learn mre abut hw smking influences immune cell functin, and, in turn, what the bdy’s respnses t infectin are,” says prfessr Lu. “That culd ffer valuable insights int the brader health cnsequences f smking.”
8. Hw did the researchers identify the three influencing factrs?
A By repeating the study.
B. By cntrasting the persnal traits.
C. By referring t studies f ther fields.
D. By researching up t 136 peple.
9. Wh might have the wrst immune system accrding t the text?
A. Smene wh has quit smking fr many years.
B. Smene whse relatives have a smking habit.
C. Smene wh has a belw nrmal bdy mass index.
D. Smene wh lives with a CMV infected persn.
10. What did researchers d t ensure the results were CORRECT?
A. They invited mre participants f the same race.
B. They expanded their research all ver the wrld.
C. They gt n well with the riginal participants.
D They restudied sme riginal participants years later.
11. What can we knw frm what Lu said?
A. It is useful and valuable t give up smking.
B. The result f the study is cmplete.
C. Smking has smething t d with infectin.
D. The study aids t learn the effects f smking.
D
A glbal study cmparing 2,062 birds finds that, in highly variable envirnments, birds tend t have either larger r smaller brains relative t their bdy size. Birds with smaller brains tend t use eclgical strategies that are nt available t big-brained nes.
“The fact is that there are a great many species that d quite well with small brains,” said Trevr Friste, first authr f the study frm Washingtn University.
Previus studies had fund general trends tward larger relative brain sizes at higher latitudes (纬度), where cnditins are mre variable. This new study is different because it lks at the full distributin f brain sizes acrss envirnments, allwing the researchers t test whether different sizes are ver-r under-represented. They fund that at higher latitudes, bird brains are significantly mre likely t be either relatively large r relatively small cmpared t bdy size.
What was ging n here? Friste, brn in Alaska, had a few ideas. He suggests that the Alaska state bird, the
ptarmigan (雷鸟), might be a typical example f the small-brained species. Lvable thugh it is, it’s nt exactly knwn fr its smarts. The ptarmigan can, hwever, feed n branches and willw leaves.
“We find that small-brained species in these envirnments emply strategies that are unachievable with a large brain. These species are able t live n readily available but difficult t digest resurces such as needles f cnifers (针叶树), r even branches. These fds can be fund even during extreme winter cnditins, but they are fibrus and require a large gut (肠道) t digest,” Friste said. “Gut tissue, like brain tissue, is energetically demanding, and limited budgets mean that it is challenging t maintain a lt f bth.”
“Brains are nt evlving separately — they are part f a brader suite f adaptatins that help creatures succeed in their lives,” said Carls Bter, assistant prfessr f bilgy and c-authr f the study. “Bilgists, urselves included, have histrically believed that envirnmental variability drives the expansin f brain size. But when we take a brader view, we realize that ther strategies als wrk — and remarkably, the alternative here invlves making a brain actually smaller!”
12. Hw des Friste’ s research differ frm previus studies?
A. It arrives at a cnflicting cnclusin.B. It fcuses n birds with smaller brains.
C. It cvers a wider range f brain sizes.D. It reveals birds’ evlving prcesses.
13 What d we knw abut the ptarmigan?
A. It is cnsidered fairly intelligent.B. It has a pwerful digesting system.
C. It has a relatively large bdy size.D. It has a selective feeding habit.
14. What can be inferred abut smaller brains frm Bter’s wrds?
A. They are typical f independent evlutin.B. They are a result f limited budgets.
C. They are nt fr variable envirnments.D. They are an effective survival strategy.
15. what can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. The Smaller the Brain, the SmarterB. Big Brains: Adapt t Higher Latitudes
C. Big Brains r Big Guts: Chse OneD. Evlutins f Brain Size in Birds
第二节 （共5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Frget privacy, yung internet users want t be tracked
On every smartphne there sits a tracker’s paradise (乐园) f lcatin data ready t be shared. ____16____
And this tech is marketed as cnvenient, nt frightening.
What is an acceptable level f nline surveillance (监视)? I had assumed we all agreed that the ideal was nne. ____17____ A quick enquiry n my friends fund that thse wh were, like me, in their 40s and lder either had n idea they culd use their phne in this way r had relatively little interest in ding s. But friends a decade r s yunger all seem t be tracking ne anther at will. They dn’t find the idea f mnitring r being mnitred in this way upsetting. They say it makes them feel safer.
____18____ It is just that they are realistic abut the privacy that is available. They knw that if yu wn a smartphne and dn’t want t disable useful things like maps, then yur lcatin is already being watched. If app creatrs, smartphne makers and ad cmpanies are already tracking yur lcatin, then why nt share the infrmatin with peple yu knw?
If yu want t start tracking the peple yu knw, then there are sme rules invlved. It’s fine t use tracking t check that a friend has gt hme safely at the end f a night ut, fr example, but nt t surprise them n the street. And think carefully abut whm yu share data with. ____19____
Lcatin tracking as a safety measure, particularly fr elderly parents and children, is appealing. ____20____ Once yu grw cmfrtable sharing yur lcatin with yur family and friends, perhaps ne day yu’ll be happy t share it with yur emplyer r even gvernment agencies.
A. It is fr family and clse friends nly, nt new dates.
B. But the truth is hw ppular it is depends n yur age.
C. Lcatin sharing has been arund fr mre than a decade.
D. The risk is that if yu d it t ften, it will be hard t turn arund.
E. After all, n ne will find it cmfrtable t be watched all the time.
F. This is nt because they are blind t the imprtance f nline privacy.
G. Lcatin tracking is s precise that it can lcate ne persn in a crwd.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
James Mgaji is a security fficer at Prvidence Cllege Raymnd Hall in Rhde Island. His enthusiasm made him such an integral part f his students’ lives that they ____21____ him as ne f their wn family.
Daniel Singh, a sphmre, described Mgaji as an attractive ____22____ in their residence hall, “He’s smene yu’re ____23____ t. He was really kind and cmpassinate.”
The stry takes a(n) ____24____ turn when the students discver that Mgaji has nt ____25____ his family in Nigeria fr mre than a decade. The discvery sparked a wave f ____26____ enthusiasm amng the students. Out f sympathy, the students ____27____ a fundraiser fr him. There was verwhelming ____28____ fr their effrts, with nearly 800 dnatins received, exceeding (超过) their ____29____ gal.
The students gathered arund Mgaji and ______30______ him an envelpe cntaining $3,000 t help pay fr his trip t Nigeria. It was a heart-warming scene. ______31______ mved, Mgaji cvered his face with his hands and fell t his knees in shck.
“We take care f ur family. That’s what we d here at Prvidence Cllege,” said the student ffering the envelpe t Mgaji. “We lve yu. Yu’re part f the ______32______.”
The students’ ______33______ has nt nly tuched hearts, but als made dreams ______34______. Mgaji is planning his lng-awaited trip t Nigeria in June, a trip made pssible by the ______35______ and slidarity f a university cmmunity that truly embdies (体现) the spirit f family.
21. A. impressedB. registeredC. acceptedD. intended
22. A. figureB. sculptrC. cmpserD. designer
23. A. recmmendedB. mvedC. preferredD. attracted
24. A. suddenB. tuchingC. smthD. interesting
25. A. phnedB. heardC. fundD. seen
26. A. flatB. curiusC. genuineD. respnsible
27. A. startedB. requiredC. recgnizedD. cntacted
28. A. legendB. supprtC. dubtD. view
29. A. psitiveB. achievableC. glriusD. initial
30. A. handedB. shwedC. lentD. awarded
31. A. FinallyB. MerelyC. VisiblyD. Likely
32 A. cllegeB. familyC. grupD. cmmunity
33. A. impactB. planC. hpeD. actin
34. A. cme trueB. get acrssC. g easyD. fall apart
35. A. cutenessB. effectC. kindnessD. wisdm
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China will becme the guest cuntry f hnr fr the 37th Internatinal Kite Festival in Berck-sur-Mer frm April 20 t 28. It is the first time that the festival ____36____ (intrduce) the cncept f guest cuntries.
During the nine-day event, the China Cultural Center in Paris will jin hands with Weifang City in Shandng Prvince— ____37____ (knw) as the “kite capital f the wrld”, t shwcase the mst authentic Chinese kite art and cultural experience t the audience. Varius cultural activities will take center stage, ____38____ (invlve) kite cmpetitins, cultural perfrmances and wrkshps n intangible cultural heritage.
The Internatinal Kite Festival in Berck-sur-Mer is the largest and mst ____39____ (influence) kite-themed event in France. In additin t regular kite displays, this year’s festival will debut the internatinal kite stunt cmpetitin, ____40____ is called “The Wrld Kite Cup Berck-sur-Mer”. Kite-flying masters frm ten cuntries and regins will cmpete ____41____ the wrld champin title in a shwdwn f skills and creativity.
____42____ (kick) ff the festival n April 20, ____43____ 100-meter-lng dragn kite will take flight, fllwed by a series f activities, like dragn and lin dance perfrmances, martial arts ____44____ (demnstrate), a tea ceremny, calligraphy exhibitins ____45____ traditinal Chinese flk music perfrmances.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
46. 你校英文报将增设主题为“讲好中国故事”的栏目。你是栏目负责人李华，请给外教Kate写邮件咨询她对栏目的建议。内容包括：
1.介绍设想；
2.寻求建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节(满分 25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When in fifth grade, I had a big dream: I wanted t win the schl’s Science Fair. The prize was a shiny gld medal, and every year, students frm all the grades wuld gather in the gym t see wh the winners were. I didn’t think t much abut hw t make it happen — I just wanted t win.
Hwever, there was a prblem. I didn’t really have an idea fr my prject. I wasn’t sure what wuld be impressive enugh t win, s I came up with a quick slutin: I’d build a rcket. Rckets seemed cl, and I assumed if I made ne that lked awesme, that shuld be enugh.
S, I went t the stre with my mm and grabbed a bunch f supplies: cardbard tubes, glue, markers, and glitter (闪光装饰物). My plan was simple — make the rcket lk amazing, and everyne wuld be impressed. I didn’t bther learning hw rckets wrked, and I didn’t think abut running tests. I figured if it lked gd, that wuld be all I needed t win.
Fr the next few days, I wrked hard n making my rcket shine. I glued the cardbard tgether, added fins t the sides, and cvered the whle thing in glitter. It sparkled under the light, and I thught t myself, “This has t be enugh.” But at the back f my mind, I knew, the Science Fair was suppsed t be abut learning and shwing smething scientific. Still, I ignred that feeling.
As the Science Fair apprached, I spent all my time n my rcket’s lk. I didn’t d any research, didn’t learn abut thrust r fuel, and definitely didn’t test anything. I cnvinced myself that wuld be enugh.
The big day finally arrived. I walked int the gym, prudly carrying my glitter-cvered rcket. I set it up n the display table and watched as the judges made their way arund the rm. When they stpped at my prject, my heart raced. This was my mment.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One f the judges asked sftly, “Can yu explain hw yur rcket wrks?”
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When the awards were annunced, my name wasn’t called.
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