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安徽省桐城中学2023-2024学年高一下学期开学检测英语试卷(含答案)
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这是一份安徽省桐城中学2023-2024学年高一下学期开学检测英语试卷(含答案)，共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
Over the last century, engineers all ver the wrld have spared n effrt t achieve the unachievable in bridge design.
Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge
N bridge is as lng as the Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge in the wrld. The 164.8-kilmetre-lng bridge built in 2011 in China perates as part f the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway. The trip frm Ningb t Jiaxing that previusly tk 4.5 hurs has been reduced t tw, thanks t this bridge.
Ri-Niteri Bridge
Cmpleted in 1974，the Ri-Niteri Bridge in Brazil is the secnd-lngest bridge in all f Latin America cnnecting the cities f Ri and Niteri acrss the Guanabara Bay. The Ri-Niteri Bridge is technically knwn as a "bx-girder（箱形梁）" bridge, made f special cncrete. It receives an astnishing 140,000 （r mre）vehicles per day.
Hartland Cvered Bridge
The Hartland Cvered Bridge is the wrld's lngest cvered bridge. The 1,282-ft-lng bridge was pened in 1901 and has been n Canada's list f Natinal Histric Sites since 1980.Althugh it was riginally built withut a rf, the bridge was capped with wden materials during the repairs in 1921.
Jiazhu Bay Bridge
The newly-built Jiazhu Bay Bridge in China was named "wrld's lngest bridge ver water" by Guinness Bk f Wrld Recrds in 2011，a title previusly held by the Lake Pntchartrain Causeway. The dispute was settled when the title f "lngest cntinuus bridge ver water" was given t the causeway, with the Jiazhu Bay Bridge receiving the title f "lngest bridge ver water".
1．On which f the fllwing can trains pass？
A.Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge.
B.Ri-Niteri Bridge.
C.Hartland Cvered Bridge.
D.Jiazhu Bay Bridge.
2．What is special abut the Hartland Cvered Bridge？
A.It is a busy bridge.B.It was nce built.
C.It has a rf.D.It is a wden bridge.
3．Where can yu find the lngest bridge ver water？
A.In America.B.In Brazil.C.In Canada.D.In China.
At first, Michael Surrell didn’t see the black smke r flames shting frm the windws f his neighbr’s hme. He had just parked arund the crner frm his wn huse when he gt a call frm his daughter: “The huse next dr is n fire!” He went t lk. That’s when he saw an ld wman crying utside.
“The baby’s in there!” she cried. Thugh the fire department had been called, Surrell, then 64, ran inside withut hesitatin (犹豫). Entering the burning huse was like “running int a bucket f black paint,” Surrell says. The thick smke burned his eyes and made it impssible t breathe. The cnditins wuld have been dangerus fr anyne, but fr Surrell, wh had lung disease, they were life—threatening (威胁生命的).
After a few minutes in the smke—filled huse, he retreated (后退) utside t catch his breath. “Where is Tiara?” he asked desperately.
“The secnd flr,” the ld wman shuted back.
Taking a deep breath, Surrell went in a secnd time. Because the huse had a similar layut t his, he fund the stairs and made it t the secnd flr.
“Baby girl, where are yu?”
His thrat and lungs burned as if he’d breathed fire instead f the smke in the air. He culdn’t pen his eyes. All he culd hear was the crackling (破裂声) f burning wd. Then a sft sund came ut. Still unable t see, Surrell fell t his knees n the ht wd flr and climbed tward the sund, feeling arund fr any sign f the girl.
Finally, he tuched smething. A she, then an ankle. He pulled the baby tward him. Her bdy was weak and she wasn’t breathing. He carried her int his arms and ran blindly int the blackness. The next thing he knew, he was at the frnt dr, then utside.
4．Why was the ld wman crying utside?
A. She lst the baby in the fire.B. The baby was hurt in the fire.
C. The baby was in the burning huse.D. She culdn’t call the fire department.
5．What can be learned frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. Surrell’s daughter wrked in a fire department.
B. Surrell wuld prbably have been killed by the fire.
C. The smke blanketed (笼罩) Surrell’s huse frm next dr.
D. A bucket f black paint blcked Surrell’s way t the huse.
6．Hw did Surrell find the baby n the secnd flr?
A. By searching n his knees.B. By pening the back dr.
C. By shuting repeatedly.D. By turning n the light.
7．Which f the fllwing best describes Surrell?
A. Determined and patient.B. Independent and devted.
C. Generus and reliable.D. Brave and caring.
Marine life (海洋生物) in Flrida Keys is negatively influenced by tw frces: human activity and climate change. The frmer invlves fishing, turism and diving while the latter causes a large increase in intense hurricanes. Frtunately, when the researchers f Flrida Museum f Natural Histry started lking fr sea urchins (海胆) n the cean flr ff the cast f Flrida Keys in the summer f 2020, they uncvered their ppulatin had relatively been stable since the 1960s.
The researchers visited 27 sites alng a 20-mile stretch f cast near Flrida Keys lking fr tracks that reflected the presence f burrwing echinids (穴居海胆类动物). “The findings that burrwing echinids have been highly resilient (有适应力的) against climate change and envirnmental pllutin ver the last 60 years was a huge discvery fr us.” said study c-authr Tbias Grun.
Grun said, “Hwever, we knw little abut their current distributin, ppulatin size, and health. The reasn is nt the lack f interest by the scientific cmmunity but lies in that fieldwrk is very expensive.”
As the climate crisis prgresses, it’s imprtant t understand why sme marine creatures are mre resilient in bearing the impacts f a wrsening envirnment than thers. Grun said, “Evlutin may be at play. Sme marine animals are very pprtunistic. They can tlerate a wide range f abitic factrs like pH, temperature, and salinity, t name a few.”
Grun added, “At this pint, ur data shw that burrwing echinids are mre resilient than many ther marine species and are ding cmparatively well. That des nt mean that we can push ur luck and keep ging the way we are right nw. Our study prvides sme hpe that these creatures are resilient, but much mre wrk is needed t translate ur findings int a larger scale. The reasns fr their resilience are als widely unknwn.”
8．Which has an effect n the marine life in Flrida Keys?
A. Wildfire.B. Pllutin.C. Fishing.D. Fld.
9．What did Grun think f the findings?
A. Indifferent.B. Imprtant.C. Subjective.D. Outdated
10．What was a challenge fr the research accrding t Grun?
A. The gal.B. The staffC. The cstD. The usage
11．What des Grun tell us in the last paragraph?
A. It’s necessary t d further research.
B. It’s right t keep ging the present way.
C. The reasns fr sea urchins’ resilience are well knwn.
D. Fish are mre resilient than ther marine species.
We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank r n an airplane, surrunded by peple wh are, like us, deeply fcused n their smartphnes r, wrse, struggling with the uncmfrtable silence.
What’s the prblem? It’s pssible that we all dn’t have enugh cnversatinal ability. It’s mre likely that nne f us start a cnversatin because it’s embarrassing and challenging, r we think it’s annying and unnecessary. But the next time yu find yurself amng strangers, cnsider that small talk is wrth the truble. Experts say it’s a valuable scial practice that leads t big benefits.
It is easy t cnsider small talk as unimprtant, but we can’t frget that deep relatinships wuldn’t even exist (存在) if there weren’t casual cnversatins. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) fr scial cmmunicatin, says Bernard Carducci, directr f the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Sutheast. “Almst every great lve stry and each big business deal begins with small talk,” he explains. “The secret t successful small talk is learning hw t cnnect with thers, nt just cmmunicate with them.”
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, prfessr f psychlgy at UBC, invited peple t a cffee shp. One grup was asked t interact with its waiter, the ther, t speak nly when necessary. The results shwed that thse wh chatted with their server reprted bviusly higher psitive feelings and a better cffee shp experience. “It’s nt that talking t the waiter is better than talking t yur husband,” says Dunn. “But interactins with peripheral (边缘的) members f ur scial netwrk is imprtant fr ur happiness and health.”
Dunn believes that peple wh reach ut t strangers feel a greater sense f belnging, a link with thers. Carducci believes develping such a sense f belnging starts with small talk. “Small talk is the basis f gd manners,” he says.
12．What des the underline wrd “casual” in paragraph 3mean?
A. AddictiveB. PublicC. PersnalD. Infrmal
13．What is imprtant fr successful small talk accrding t Carducci?
A. Shwing gd manners.B. Making business deals.
C. Fcusing n a tpic.D. Keeping in cntact with ther peple.
14．What des the cffee-shp study suggest abut small talk?
A. It raises peple’s cnfidence.B. It makes peple feel gd.
C. It imprves family relatinships.D. It matters as much as a frmal talk.
15．What is the best title fr the text?
A. Cnversatin CuntsB. Ways f Making Small Talk
C. Imprtance f Small TalkD. Uncmfrtable Silence
二、七选五
16．Sme Winter Activities
Winter activities are underestimated (低估). The days may be shrter, but the list f fun activities isn’t. Dn’t let the winter blues take ver. ①_______
Finding yur favurite. ②_______Nbdy likes cardi (有氧运动) fr a lng time, but signing up fr an adult sprts team, r taking a yga class n the weekend can be a fun way t break up the bredm f ging t the gym. Recreatinal (娱乐的) sprts are als a great way t meet new peple.
Walking n snw. ③_______ Walking with snwshes is friendly t beginners, and suitable fr kids and senirs alike. Yu can buy a set fr under $100 r rent sme fr the afternn. Take a friend r walk alne t enjy the peacefulness f the utdrs in winter.
Skiing. Thse that lve it really lve it. Hitting the ski hills is an ld wintertime traditin. It gets yu utside, bsts yur md, and serves as a cre wrkut. Yu dn’t need the latest gear (设备) t be able t have fun. ④_______If yu’re feeling tired f t much indr time, get yur heart pumping at a nearby ski hill.
⑤_______Taking an nline class, r picking up an instrument fr the first time, can be incredibly rewarding. Expanding yur prfessinal skill can d wnders fr yur future jb prspects. It may take a little planning, but cnsider learning smething new this seasn.
A. G t the gym.
B. Learning smething.
C. Mst ski fields rent gear t.
D. Be active and try these winter activities.
E. The fllwing are things yu can d at hme.
F. Yu needn’t be an athlete t enjy this seasnal activity.
G. The key t keeping healthy is finding what yu enjy ding.
三、完形填空（15空）
In the secnd year f my high schl, I went abrad t cntinue my educatin. Shrtly after I settled dwn with my hst family, an Italian girl 1 t. Since the huse had limited space, we 2 tgether. My negative view n rmmates started frm that mment. My rmmate liked t invite friends ver and hld parties, but I preferred 3 hme by myself. Then 4 started t appear, and I tld myself that I never wanted a rmmate again.
Unfrtunately, life quickly 5 me when I went t cllege. It required all first-year students t live n 6 , which meant I had t live with smene I didn’t knw. Frm that pint n, I began t 7 . When I talked t my future rmmate Lily fr the very first time, I tried my best t smile and nd t hide my nervusness. When she invited me t have lunch, I was cmpletely 8 . I tld myself that I shuld step ut f my cmfrt 9 , even thugh I culd clearly hear my heart beating thrugh my chest. I cnsidered it fr a lng time, and finally, I accepted her 10 .
After we 11 tgether fr a few weeks, I gt t knw Lily already wned a small business selling snacks, while I kept 12 t set gals. One night, she asked me what I wanted t d fr my career. I lked int her eyes fr a lng time, and then said, “I dn’t knw.” “Dn’t wrry! We will wrk tgether, and I’ll help yu 13 what yu are passinate abut,” she said in a gentle vice. Under her 14 , I fund my interest and knew what I wanted t be after graduatin. Thanks t her, I felt having a rmmate culd be s 15 .
17．A.ran awayB.sped upC.set ffD.mved in
18．A.layB.ckedC.rmedD.studied
19．A.cmingB.stayingC.leavingD.returning
20．A.resultsB.changesC.cnflictsD.signs
21．A.challengedB.embracedC.ignredD.wke
22．A.streetB.campusC.landD.stage
23．A.wrryB.expectC.cryD.understand
24．A.cnfusedB.disappintedC.interestedD.frightened
25．A.bedB.rmC.chairD.zne
26．A.suggestinB.invitatinC.aplgyD.present
27．A.wrkedB.gatheredC.unitedD.lived
28．A.waitingB.planningC.strugglingD.wanting
29．A.enjyB.findC.addressD.slve
30．A.influenceB.cntrlC.leadershipD.prtectin
31．A.successfulB.secureC.inspiringD.stressful
四、短文填空
32．Frm Octber 4 t Octber 6, the Natinal English Speaking Cmpetitin① _________ (hld) in Chengdu, Sichuan Prvince. A ttal f ne millin peple f different ages, frm kindergarten kids t yung prfessinals, tk part in this year’s event.
During the three-day event, yung② _________ (cmpete) expressed themselves by delivering speeches abut③ _________ (vary) tpics, including Histry as a Mirrr, The Prmise f Yuth, and The Pwer f Dreams. In additin④ _________ shwing their impressive English ability, they als shared their views n the wrld as a generatin f being pen-minded, individualistic, and scially respnsible.
When⑤ _________ cmpetitin was first run in 1996, the gal was⑥ _________ (train) cllege students t master anther language and cmmunicate clearly with freigners. ⑦ _________ , in the past 25 years the event⑧ _________ (g) far beynd this simple gal. It nw plays a rle in helping dcument (记录) the majr steps⑨ _________ the cuntry takes in its develpment, ⑩ _________ (encurage) yung peple t share China’s stries and prviding a stage fr thse wh will shape the future.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，你的好友Ze最近学业压力很大。你看出了她的焦虑，决定写一封信表达自己的关心，并给出几条建议。要点如下：
1. 表达关切；
2. 给出建议：调整心态；改进方法；劳逸结合等；
3. 表达期望。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
During my schl years, I had nly clse friend. We spent years tgether, and we were inseparable, in r ut f schl. But the Greg mved away, and I never thught it wuld take mre than 40 years t bring us tgether again.
As children, Greg and I dve int everything with passin. At that time, we were pure (纯真的) and kind, full f curisity and expectatin fr life. We raced ur bikes and illustrated (给书加插图) ur wn cmic bks. We even became attracted t the same girl frm arund the crner, a sixth -grader named Janne wh barely (几乎不) knew we existed.
The last times a Greg was smetime in 1966. It was s shrt a meeting that I culdn’t recall saying gdbye befre he mved. Since then, we lst tuch.
But then, a few summers ag, I saw a familiar wman. “Excuse me. Wuld yur name happen t be Janne?”
“Uh, yes...” She didn’t recgnise me until I explained wh I was. We hadn’t exchanged mre than a few dzen wrds in ur entire lifetime. “Have yu stayed in tuch with Greg?” she asked. I was surprised she even knew f ur friendship.
“N. I haven’t,” I admitted. “I wish I had.”
Back at the ffice I checked my messages. I received ne email, and then read it frm start t finish. The email was frm Greg.
Greg had tracked me dwn thrugh scial media. He was nw married, had tw children and had becme a musician and entrepreneur (企业家) . We exchanged several emails befre cnnecting by phne. A mnth later, my wife and I drve t meet Greg and his family in persn.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Standing in frnt f his huse, I began t get nervus.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Seeing the pht, Greg handed me a small, ld card.
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参考答案
1．答案：A
解析：根据Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge部分中的" as part f the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway. "可知，丹昆特大桥是京沪高铁的一部分，因此火车可以从桥上经过。故选A。
2．答案：C
解析：根据 Hartland Cvered Bridge部分中的"Althugh it was riginally built withut a rf, the bridge was capped with wden materials during the repairs in 1921. "可知，哈特兰廊桥在初建时没有顶，但在维修时，人们用木质材料对桥的顶部进行了覆盖。故选C。
3．答案：D
解析：根据Jiazhu Bay Bridge 部分中的"The newly-built Jiazhu Bay Bridge in China was named 'wrld's lngest bridge ver water' by Guinness Bk f Wrld Recrds in 2011... "可知，中国的胶州湾大桥是世界上最长的水上大桥。故选D。
4．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“he gt a call frm his daughter: “The huse next dr is n fire!” He went t lk. That’s when he saw an ld wman crying utside. (他接到女儿的电话：“隔壁的房子着火了！”他去看了看。就在这时，他看到一个老妇人在外面哭。)”和文章第二段““The baby’s in there!” she cried. (“孩子在里面！”她叫道。)”可知，隔壁房子着火了，但是一个婴儿还在着火的房子里，所以那个老妇人在外面哭。故选C。
5．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The thick smke burned his eyes and made it impssible t breathe. The cnditins wuld have been dangerus fr anyne, but fr Surrell, wh had lung disease, they were life—threatening (威胁生命的). (浓烟灼伤了他的眼睛，使他无法呼吸。这种情况对任何人来说都是危险的，但对患有肺病的Surrell来说，这是危及生命的。)”可知，着火的房子浓烟滚滚，使人无法呼吸，这对于患有肺病的Surrell来说是致命的。由此推知，大火可能会导致他死亡。故选B。
6．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Still unable t see, Surrell fell t his knees n the ht wd flr and climbed tward the sund, feeling arund fr any sign f the girl.(Surrell仍然看不见，他跪在滚烫的木地板上，朝声音传来的地方爬去，四处寻找那个女孩的踪迹。)”和文章最后一段“Finally, he tuched smething. A she, then an ankle. He pulled the baby tward him. (最后，他摸到了什么东西。先是鞋子，然后是脚踝。他把婴儿拉向自己。)”可知，Surrell在看不见的情况下，跪在炽热的木地板上，爬到声音传来的地方，四处寻找女孩的踪迹。最后，他找到了婴儿的鞋子和脚踝。由此可知，他是通过跪在地上四处摸索找到婴儿的。故选A。
7．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Surrell, then 64, ran inside withut hesitatin (犹豫).( 当时64岁的索雷尔毫不犹豫地跑了进去。)”可知，短文主要讲Surrell冒着生命危险冲进着火的房子里去救一个婴儿，这体现了他勇敢，有爱心的特点。故选D。
8．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Marine life (海洋生物) in Flrida Keys is negatively influenced by tw frces: human activity and climate change. The frmer invlves fishing, turism and diving while the latter causes a large increase in intense hurricanes.(Flrida Keys的海洋生物受到两个力量的负面影响：人类活动和气候变化。前者涉及渔业、旅游和潜水，而后者导致强烈飓风的数量大幅增加)”可知，捕鱼业对Flrida Keys的海洋生物有负面作用。故选C项。
9．答案： B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“The researchers visited 27 sites alng a 20-mile stretch f cast near Flrida Keys lking fr tracks that reflected the presence f burrwing echinids (穴居海胆类动物). “The findings that burrwing echinids have been highly resilient (有适应力的) against climate change and envirnmental pllutin ver the last 60 years was a huge discvery fr us.” said study c-authr Tbias Grun.(研究人员在Flrida Keys附近的沿海20英里范围内的27个地点进行了访问，寻找反映穴居海胆类动物存在的痕迹。研究合著者托比亚斯·格伦表示：“我们发现，在过去60年里，穴居海胆对气候变化和环境污染的适应能力很强，这对我们来说是一个巨大的发现。”)”可知，格伦认为这些发现很重要。故选B项。
10．答案： C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Grun said, “Hwever, we knw little abut their current distributin, ppulatin size, and health. The reasn is nt the lack f interest by the scientific cmmunity but lies in that fieldwrk is very expensive.”(格伦说：“然而，我们对它们当前的分布、种群规模和健康状况知之甚少。原因并不是科学界缺乏兴趣，而是实地调查非常昂贵。”)”可知，格伦对穴居海胆类动物的分布、种群规模和健康状况知之甚少，是因为实地调查非常昂贵，推知费用是这项研究面临的挑战。故选C项。
11．答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Grun added, “At this pint, ur data shw that burrwing echinids are mre resilient than many ther marine species and are ding cmparatively well. That des nt mean that we can push ur luck and keep ging the way we are right nw. Our study prvides sme hpe that these creatures are resilient, but much mre wrk is needed t translate ur findings int a larger scale. The reasns fr their resilience are als widely unknwn.”(格伦补充说：“目前，我们的数据显示，穴居海胆比许多其他海洋物种更具适应能力，并且状况相对较好。但这并不意味着我们可以一直保持现状而不受后果。我们的研究为这些生物的有适应力提供了一些希望，但还需要进行更多工作将我们的发现扩大到更大的范围。它们适应力的原因也很大程度上不为人所知。”)”可知，格伦觉得还需要进行更多工作将他们的发现扩大到更大的范围，也就是做进一步的研究。故选A项。
12．答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Small talk is the grease fr scial cmmunicatin, says Bernard Carducci, directr f the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Sutheast. “Almst every great lve stry and each big business deal begins with small talk,” he explains. “The secret t successful small talk is learning hw t cnnect with thers, nt just cmmunicate with them.”(印第安纳大学东南分校羞怯研究所所长Bernard Carducci说，闲聊是社交的润滑剂。他解释道：“几乎每一个伟大的爱情故事和每一笔重大的商业交易都始于闲聊。”“成功闲聊的秘诀是学会如何与他人建立联系，而不仅仅是与他们交流。”)”可知，闲聊对于建立深入的合作关系是非常重要的，再由划线词所在句的“It is easy t cnsider small talk as unimprtant, but we can’t frget that deep relatinships wuldn’t even exist if there weren’t casual cnversatins.(人们很容易认为闲聊不重要，但我们不能忘记，如果没有casual交谈，深层关系甚至不会存在)”可知，深层关系的存在是需要闲聊的，闲聊即“非正式的谈话”，因此划线词意为“非正式的”。故选D。
13．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“The secret t successful small talk is learning hw t cnnect with thers, nt just cmmunicate with them.(成功闲聊的秘诀是学会如何与他人建立联系，而不仅仅是与他们交流)”可知，Carducci认为，与他人保持联系对成功的闲聊很重要。故选D。
14．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The results shwed that thse wh chatted with their server reprted bviusly higher psitive feelings and a better cffee shp experience.(结果显示，那些与服务员聊天的人表现出明显更高的积极情绪和更好的咖啡店体验)”可知，和服务员聊天的人的情绪更高，即这会使人感觉更好，故选B。
15．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首段通过描述当前社会中存在与陌生人缺乏交流的现象切入，第二段分析其原因并引入专家认为闲聊是非常宝贵的社会实践，能带来巨大的好处的观点，第三段通过一项研究，进一步具体指出闲聊的益处，最后一段说明闲聊是培养良好礼貌的基础。因此，本文主要是讲述闲聊的重要性，则C项“闲聊的重要性”可以作为标题。故选C。
16．答案：①-⑤DGFCB
解析：
①前文“The days may be shrter, but the list f fun activities isn’t. Dn’t let the winter blues take ver. (白天可能更短，但有趣的活动清单却不是。不要让冬天的忧郁占据上风。)”讲述了冬天也有一些有趣的活动，所以不要让冬天的阴霾笼罩自己，空处应承上启下，引出接下来的一些活动，D项“活跃起来，尝试这些冬季活动。”符合题意。故选D。
②前文“Finding yur favurite. (找到你最喜欢的事情。)”是本段主旨句，讲述了要找到自己最喜欢做的事情，G项“保持健康的关键是找到你喜欢做的事情。”与主题相照应。故选G。
③后文“Walking with snwshes is friendly t beginners, and suitable fr kids and senirs alike. (穿着雪鞋走路对初学者很友好，适合儿童和老年人。)”讲述了穿着雪鞋走路对初学者很友好，所以空处应是说不需要成为运动员就可以做这项活动，F项“你不必是一名运动员就可以享受这种季节性的活动。”符合题意。故选F。
④前文“Yu dn’t need the latest gear (设备) t be able t have fun. (你不需要最新的装备就能玩得开心。)”讲述了没必要购买最新的装备，空处应说有其他获得装备的方式，C项“大多数滑雪场也租装备。”符合题意。故选C。
⑤空处是本段主旨句。根据后文“Taking an nline class, r picking up an instrument fr the first time, can be incredibly rewarding. Expanding yur prfessinal skill can d wnders fr yur future jb prspects. It may take a little planning, but cnsider learning smething new this seasn. (参加在线课程，或者第一次学乐器，都会带来难以置信的回报。扩展你的专业技能可以为你未来的工作前景创造奇迹。这可能需要一些规划，但可以考虑在这个季节学习一些新的东西。)”可知，本段主要是讲述学习新东西的好处，所以B项“学一些东西。”符合题意。故选B。
17．答案：D
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在寄宿家庭安顿下来后不久，一个意大利女孩也搬了进来。A. ran away逃跑；B. sped up加速；C. set ff出发；D. mved in搬进。根据下文“Since the huse had limited space, we ______ tgether. My negative view n rmmates started frm that mment.”可知，一个意大利女孩也搬进了这个寄宿家庭。故选D。
18．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为房子空间有限，我们就住在一起。A. lay铺设；B. cked烹饪；C. rmed合住；D. studied研究。根据下文“My negative view n rmmates started frm that mment.”可知，我们住在一起了。故选C。
19．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的室友喜欢邀请朋友来家里聚会，但我更喜欢一个人呆在家里。A. cming来；B. staying停留；C. leaving离开；D. returning返回。根据下文“hme by myself”及语境可知，我更喜欢一个人呆在家里。故选B。
20．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后矛盾开始出现，我告诉自己我再也不要室友了。A. results结果；B. changes变更；C. cnflicts矛盾；D. signs标志。根据上文“My rmmate liked t invite friends ver and hld parties, but I preferred _______ hme by myself.”可知，我们观念不同，所以出现了矛盾。故选C。
21．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，当我上大学时，生活很快向我提出了挑战。A. challenged挑战；B. embraced拥抱；C. ignred忽略；D. wke醒来。根据上文“Then _______ started t appear, and I tld myself that I never wanted a rmmate again.”及下文“It required all first-year students t live n ________, which meant I had t live with smene I didn’t knw.”可知，我想要室友，但是大学要求住宿，所以这对我提出了挑战。故选A。
22．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：它要求所有的一年级学生都住在校园里，这意味着我必须和一个我不认识的人住在一起。A. street街；B. campus校园；C. land土地；D. stage阶段。根据下文“which meant I had t live with smene I didn’t knw.”可知，学校要求一年级学生都要在校园里住宿。故选B。
23．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那一刻起，我开始担心起来。A. wrry担心；B. expect预期；C. cry哭泣；D. understand理解。根据下文“When I talked t my future rmmate Lily fr the very first time, I tried my best t smile and nd t hide my nervusness.”可知，我很紧张，所以我很担心自己未来的住宿生活。故选A。
24．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她邀请我共进午餐时，我完全吓坏了。A. cnfused困惑的；B. disappinted失望的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文“I tld myself that I shuld step ut f my cmfrt ______, even thugh I culd clearly hear my heart beating thrugh my chest.”可知，当时我很紧张，非常害怕。故选D。
25．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉自己，我应该走出我的舒适区，尽管我可以清楚地听到我的心跳穿过我的胸膛。A. bed床；B. rm房间；C. chair椅子；D. zne区域。根据上文“I tld myself that I shuld step ut f my cmfrt”及常识可知，我告诉自己，我应该走出我的舒适区。故选D。
26．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我考虑了很久，最后，我接受了她的邀请。A. suggestin建议；B. invitatin邀请；C. aplgy道歉；D. present礼物。根据上文“When she invited me t have lunch, I was cmpletely _______.”可知，我的室友邀请我共进午餐，经过长时间的考虑，最后，我接受了她的邀请。故选B。
27．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在一起住了几个星期后，我知道莉莉已经有了一家卖零食的小公司，而我一直在努力设定目标。A. wrked工作；B. gathered聚集；C. united联合；D. lived居住。根据上文“When I talked t my future rmmate Lily fr the very first time, I tried my best t smile and nd t hide my nervusness.”可知，我和莉莉是室友，我们住在一起。故选D。
28．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在一起住了几个星期后，我知道莉莉已经有了一家卖零食的小公司，而我一直在努力设定目标。A. waiting等待；B. planning计划；C. struggling努力；D. wanting想要。根据下文“One night, she asked me what I wanted t d fr my career. I lked int her eyes fr a lng time, and then said, “I dn’t knw.””可知，我还没有自己的目标，所以我一直在努力设定目标。故选C。
29．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“别担心！我们会一起努力，我会帮你找到你的激情所在，”她温柔地说。A. enjy享受；B. find找到；C. address演讲；D. slve解决。根据上文“I lked int her eyes fr a lng time, and then said, “I dn’t knw.””及下文“what yu are passinate abut”可知，我不知道自己的目标，所以莉莉在帮助我找我的激情所在。故选B。
30．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的影响下，我找到了自己的兴趣，也知道自己毕业后想做什么。A. influence影响；B. cntrl控制；C. leadership领导力；D. prtectin保护。根据语境可知，此处指在莉莉的帮助下，我找到自己的兴趣。故选A。
31．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多亏了她，我才觉得有个室友可以如此鼓舞人心。A. successful成功的；B. secure安全的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. stressful有压力的。根据上文“Thanks t her”可知，此处在表达感激之情，“有个室友可以如此鼓舞人心”符合语境。故选C。
32．答案：①was held②cmpetitrs③varius④t⑤the⑥t train⑦Hwever⑧has gne⑨that/which⑩encuraging
解析：①考查时态语态。句意：10月4日至6日，全国英语演讲比赛在四川省成都市举行。根据Frm Octber 4 t Octber 6可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词hld与主语the Natinal English Speaking Cmpetitin构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was held。
②考查名词。句意：在为期三天的活动中，年轻的参赛者们发表了各种主题的演讲，包括“历史是一面镜子”，“青春的承诺”和“梦想的力量”。分析句子可知，空处应用名词cmpetitrs“参赛者”在句中作主语，可数名词前没有限定词修饰，应用复数形式。故填cmpetitrs。
③考查形容词。句意：在为期三天的活动中，年轻的参赛者们发表了各种主题的演讲，包括“历史是一面镜子”，“青春的承诺”和“梦想的力量”。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词varius“各种各样的”在句中作定语。故填varius。
④考查介词。句意：除了展现他们卓越的英语能力之外，他们还分享了作为开放、个性独立且具有社会责任感的一代人对世界的看法。in additin t“除了”为固定短语。故填t。
⑤考查冠词。句意：当这项比赛于1996年首次举办时，其目标是培养大学生掌握另一种语言并与外国人清晰交流。分析句子可知，空处应填定冠词the，特指上文提到的名词the Natinal English Speaking Cmpetitin。故填the。
⑥考查不定式。句意：当这项比赛于1996年首次举办时，其目标是培养大学生掌握另一种语言并与外国人清晰交流。分析句子可知，空处应填不定式在句中作表语，说明主语的内容。故填t train。
⑦考查副词。句意：然而，在过去的25年里，这项活动已经远远超出了这个简单的目标。分析句子可知，空处前后为转折关系，且空后有逗号，故用转折副词hwever，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Hwever。
⑧考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，在过去的25年里，这项活动已经远远超出了这个简单的目标。根据时间状语in the past 25 years可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语the event为单数名词，助动词用has。故填has gne。
⑨考查定语从句。句意：现在，它在帮助记录国家发展过程中的重大步骤、鼓励年轻人分享中国故事、为那些塑造未来的人提供舞台上发挥着作用。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词steps，先行词为物，且在从句中作宾语，故用关系代词that或which。故填that或which。
⑩考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，它在帮助记录国家发展过程中的重大步骤、鼓励年轻人分享中国故事、为那些塑造未来的人提供舞台上发挥着作用。分析句子可知，空处应用动名词形式与helping和prviding并列，作介词in的宾语。故填encuraging。
33．答案：
Dear Ze,
I am srry t see that yu have been under a lt f pressure these days. I have gne thrugh the same struggle as yu, s here I’d like t ffer several pieces f advice.
Firstly, yu need t be mre psitive and cnfident. What’s mre, it als helps t make a timetable t imprve yur efficiency. Last but nt least, why nt try t strike a balance between wrk and rest? Prper relaxatin can better prepare yu fr the upcming tasks.
Hpe my advice can be f help t yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友Ze写一封信，就对方因学业压力大感觉焦虑表达关心，并给出几条建议。
1.词汇积累
压力：pressure→stress
建议：advice→suggestins
此外：what’s mre→in additin
提高：imprve→enhance
2.句式拓展
句型转换
简单句变复合句
原句：I have gne thrugh the same struggle as yu, s here I’d like t ffer several pieces f advice.
拓展句：Because I have gne thrugh the same struggle as yu, here I’d like t ffer several pieces f advice.
【高分句型1】 I am srry t see that yu have been under a lt f pressure these days. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
【高分句型2】 Hpe my advice can be f help t yu. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句)
34．答案： Standing in frnt f his huse, I began t get nervus. I didn’t knw what t say r d. S much time had passed and a lt f memries seemed t have been blurred. But after hugs and intrductins, the years disslved as we exchanged stries abut ur lives. I had brught alng the nly picture I culd find cntaining the tw f us frm my sixth birthday. The picture is a witness t ur friendship in the past.
Seeing the pht, Greg handed me a small, ld card. It was written “Greg’s invitatin t my sixth birthday party”, signed “Frm Dnnie” in faded blue crayn. Althugh the card had turned yellw, it culd be seen that he kept it carefully fr many years. There were a few ther things shared that evening, but nne as meaningful as the invitatin and the picture. They were stred apart but saved fr the reunin f tw ld friends. True friendship des nt fade with time.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“站在他家门前，我开始紧张起来。”可知，第一段可描写作者紧张的心情以及两人见面后场景。
②由第二段首句内容“看到照片，Greg递给我一张又小又旧的卡片。”可知，第二段可描写卡片上的内容以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：站在门前——感到紧张——交换了各自的生活故事——递给卡片——阅读卡片——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
时间流逝：pass/g by
递给：hand/give
消失：fade/disappear
情绪类
紧张的：nervus/tense
有意义的：meaningful/significant
[高分句型1] I didn’t knw what t say r d. (运用了“疑问词+不定式”作宾语)
[高分句型2] Althugh the card had turned yellw it culd be seen that he kept it carefully fr many years. (运用了althugh引导让步状语从句)
一、阅读理解
Over the last century, engineers all ver the wrld have spared n effrt t achieve the unachievable in bridge design.
Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge
N bridge is as lng as the Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge in the wrld. The 164.8-kilmetre-lng bridge built in 2011 in China perates as part f the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway. The trip frm Ningb t Jiaxing that previusly tk 4.5 hurs has been reduced t tw, thanks t this bridge.
Ri-Niteri Bridge
Cmpleted in 1974，the Ri-Niteri Bridge in Brazil is the secnd-lngest bridge in all f Latin America cnnecting the cities f Ri and Niteri acrss the Guanabara Bay. The Ri-Niteri Bridge is technically knwn as a "bx-girder（箱形梁）" bridge, made f special cncrete. It receives an astnishing 140,000 （r mre）vehicles per day.
Hartland Cvered Bridge
The Hartland Cvered Bridge is the wrld's lngest cvered bridge. The 1,282-ft-lng bridge was pened in 1901 and has been n Canada's list f Natinal Histric Sites since 1980.Althugh it was riginally built withut a rf, the bridge was capped with wden materials during the repairs in 1921.
Jiazhu Bay Bridge
The newly-built Jiazhu Bay Bridge in China was named "wrld's lngest bridge ver water" by Guinness Bk f Wrld Recrds in 2011，a title previusly held by the Lake Pntchartrain Causeway. The dispute was settled when the title f "lngest cntinuus bridge ver water" was given t the causeway, with the Jiazhu Bay Bridge receiving the title f "lngest bridge ver water".
1．On which f the fllwing can trains pass？
A.Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge.
B.Ri-Niteri Bridge.
C.Hartland Cvered Bridge.
D.Jiazhu Bay Bridge.
2．What is special abut the Hartland Cvered Bridge？
A.It is a busy bridge.B.It was nce built.
C.It has a rf.D.It is a wden bridge.
3．Where can yu find the lngest bridge ver water？
A.In America.B.In Brazil.C.In Canada.D.In China.
At first, Michael Surrell didn’t see the black smke r flames shting frm the windws f his neighbr’s hme. He had just parked arund the crner frm his wn huse when he gt a call frm his daughter: “The huse next dr is n fire!” He went t lk. That’s when he saw an ld wman crying utside.
“The baby’s in there!” she cried. Thugh the fire department had been called, Surrell, then 64, ran inside withut hesitatin (犹豫). Entering the burning huse was like “running int a bucket f black paint,” Surrell says. The thick smke burned his eyes and made it impssible t breathe. The cnditins wuld have been dangerus fr anyne, but fr Surrell, wh had lung disease, they were life—threatening (威胁生命的).
After a few minutes in the smke—filled huse, he retreated (后退) utside t catch his breath. “Where is Tiara?” he asked desperately.
“The secnd flr,” the ld wman shuted back.
Taking a deep breath, Surrell went in a secnd time. Because the huse had a similar layut t his, he fund the stairs and made it t the secnd flr.
“Baby girl, where are yu?”
His thrat and lungs burned as if he’d breathed fire instead f the smke in the air. He culdn’t pen his eyes. All he culd hear was the crackling (破裂声) f burning wd. Then a sft sund came ut. Still unable t see, Surrell fell t his knees n the ht wd flr and climbed tward the sund, feeling arund fr any sign f the girl.
Finally, he tuched smething. A she, then an ankle. He pulled the baby tward him. Her bdy was weak and she wasn’t breathing. He carried her int his arms and ran blindly int the blackness. The next thing he knew, he was at the frnt dr, then utside.
4．Why was the ld wman crying utside?
A. She lst the baby in the fire.B. The baby was hurt in the fire.
C. The baby was in the burning huse.D. She culdn’t call the fire department.
5．What can be learned frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. Surrell’s daughter wrked in a fire department.
B. Surrell wuld prbably have been killed by the fire.
C. The smke blanketed (笼罩) Surrell’s huse frm next dr.
D. A bucket f black paint blcked Surrell’s way t the huse.
6．Hw did Surrell find the baby n the secnd flr?
A. By searching n his knees.B. By pening the back dr.
C. By shuting repeatedly.D. By turning n the light.
7．Which f the fllwing best describes Surrell?
A. Determined and patient.B. Independent and devted.
C. Generus and reliable.D. Brave and caring.
Marine life (海洋生物) in Flrida Keys is negatively influenced by tw frces: human activity and climate change. The frmer invlves fishing, turism and diving while the latter causes a large increase in intense hurricanes. Frtunately, when the researchers f Flrida Museum f Natural Histry started lking fr sea urchins (海胆) n the cean flr ff the cast f Flrida Keys in the summer f 2020, they uncvered their ppulatin had relatively been stable since the 1960s.
The researchers visited 27 sites alng a 20-mile stretch f cast near Flrida Keys lking fr tracks that reflected the presence f burrwing echinids (穴居海胆类动物). “The findings that burrwing echinids have been highly resilient (有适应力的) against climate change and envirnmental pllutin ver the last 60 years was a huge discvery fr us.” said study c-authr Tbias Grun.
Grun said, “Hwever, we knw little abut their current distributin, ppulatin size, and health. The reasn is nt the lack f interest by the scientific cmmunity but lies in that fieldwrk is very expensive.”
As the climate crisis prgresses, it’s imprtant t understand why sme marine creatures are mre resilient in bearing the impacts f a wrsening envirnment than thers. Grun said, “Evlutin may be at play. Sme marine animals are very pprtunistic. They can tlerate a wide range f abitic factrs like pH, temperature, and salinity, t name a few.”
Grun added, “At this pint, ur data shw that burrwing echinids are mre resilient than many ther marine species and are ding cmparatively well. That des nt mean that we can push ur luck and keep ging the way we are right nw. Our study prvides sme hpe that these creatures are resilient, but much mre wrk is needed t translate ur findings int a larger scale. The reasns fr their resilience are als widely unknwn.”
8．Which has an effect n the marine life in Flrida Keys?
A. Wildfire.B. Pllutin.C. Fishing.D. Fld.
9．What did Grun think f the findings?
A. Indifferent.B. Imprtant.C. Subjective.D. Outdated
10．What was a challenge fr the research accrding t Grun?
A. The gal.B. The staffC. The cstD. The usage
11．What des Grun tell us in the last paragraph?
A. It’s necessary t d further research.
B. It’s right t keep ging the present way.
C. The reasns fr sea urchins’ resilience are well knwn.
D. Fish are mre resilient than ther marine species.
We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank r n an airplane, surrunded by peple wh are, like us, deeply fcused n their smartphnes r, wrse, struggling with the uncmfrtable silence.
What’s the prblem? It’s pssible that we all dn’t have enugh cnversatinal ability. It’s mre likely that nne f us start a cnversatin because it’s embarrassing and challenging, r we think it’s annying and unnecessary. But the next time yu find yurself amng strangers, cnsider that small talk is wrth the truble. Experts say it’s a valuable scial practice that leads t big benefits.
It is easy t cnsider small talk as unimprtant, but we can’t frget that deep relatinships wuldn’t even exist (存在) if there weren’t casual cnversatins. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) fr scial cmmunicatin, says Bernard Carducci, directr f the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Sutheast. “Almst every great lve stry and each big business deal begins with small talk,” he explains. “The secret t successful small talk is learning hw t cnnect with thers, nt just cmmunicate with them.”
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, prfessr f psychlgy at UBC, invited peple t a cffee shp. One grup was asked t interact with its waiter, the ther, t speak nly when necessary. The results shwed that thse wh chatted with their server reprted bviusly higher psitive feelings and a better cffee shp experience. “It’s nt that talking t the waiter is better than talking t yur husband,” says Dunn. “But interactins with peripheral (边缘的) members f ur scial netwrk is imprtant fr ur happiness and health.”
Dunn believes that peple wh reach ut t strangers feel a greater sense f belnging, a link with thers. Carducci believes develping such a sense f belnging starts with small talk. “Small talk is the basis f gd manners,” he says.
12．What des the underline wrd “casual” in paragraph 3mean?
A. AddictiveB. PublicC. PersnalD. Infrmal
13．What is imprtant fr successful small talk accrding t Carducci?
A. Shwing gd manners.B. Making business deals.
C. Fcusing n a tpic.D. Keeping in cntact with ther peple.
14．What des the cffee-shp study suggest abut small talk?
A. It raises peple’s cnfidence.B. It makes peple feel gd.
C. It imprves family relatinships.D. It matters as much as a frmal talk.
15．What is the best title fr the text?
A. Cnversatin CuntsB. Ways f Making Small Talk
C. Imprtance f Small TalkD. Uncmfrtable Silence
二、七选五
16．Sme Winter Activities
Winter activities are underestimated (低估). The days may be shrter, but the list f fun activities isn’t. Dn’t let the winter blues take ver. ①_______
Finding yur favurite. ②_______Nbdy likes cardi (有氧运动) fr a lng time, but signing up fr an adult sprts team, r taking a yga class n the weekend can be a fun way t break up the bredm f ging t the gym. Recreatinal (娱乐的) sprts are als a great way t meet new peple.
Walking n snw. ③_______ Walking with snwshes is friendly t beginners, and suitable fr kids and senirs alike. Yu can buy a set fr under $100 r rent sme fr the afternn. Take a friend r walk alne t enjy the peacefulness f the utdrs in winter.
Skiing. Thse that lve it really lve it. Hitting the ski hills is an ld wintertime traditin. It gets yu utside, bsts yur md, and serves as a cre wrkut. Yu dn’t need the latest gear (设备) t be able t have fun. ④_______If yu’re feeling tired f t much indr time, get yur heart pumping at a nearby ski hill.
⑤_______Taking an nline class, r picking up an instrument fr the first time, can be incredibly rewarding. Expanding yur prfessinal skill can d wnders fr yur future jb prspects. It may take a little planning, but cnsider learning smething new this seasn.
A. G t the gym.
B. Learning smething.
C. Mst ski fields rent gear t.
D. Be active and try these winter activities.
E. The fllwing are things yu can d at hme.
F. Yu needn’t be an athlete t enjy this seasnal activity.
G. The key t keeping healthy is finding what yu enjy ding.
三、完形填空（15空）
In the secnd year f my high schl, I went abrad t cntinue my educatin. Shrtly after I settled dwn with my hst family, an Italian girl 1 t. Since the huse had limited space, we 2 tgether. My negative view n rmmates started frm that mment. My rmmate liked t invite friends ver and hld parties, but I preferred 3 hme by myself. Then 4 started t appear, and I tld myself that I never wanted a rmmate again.
Unfrtunately, life quickly 5 me when I went t cllege. It required all first-year students t live n 6 , which meant I had t live with smene I didn’t knw. Frm that pint n, I began t 7 . When I talked t my future rmmate Lily fr the very first time, I tried my best t smile and nd t hide my nervusness. When she invited me t have lunch, I was cmpletely 8 . I tld myself that I shuld step ut f my cmfrt 9 , even thugh I culd clearly hear my heart beating thrugh my chest. I cnsidered it fr a lng time, and finally, I accepted her 10 .
After we 11 tgether fr a few weeks, I gt t knw Lily already wned a small business selling snacks, while I kept 12 t set gals. One night, she asked me what I wanted t d fr my career. I lked int her eyes fr a lng time, and then said, “I dn’t knw.” “Dn’t wrry! We will wrk tgether, and I’ll help yu 13 what yu are passinate abut,” she said in a gentle vice. Under her 14 , I fund my interest and knew what I wanted t be after graduatin. Thanks t her, I felt having a rmmate culd be s 15 .
17．A.ran awayB.sped upC.set ffD.mved in
18．A.layB.ckedC.rmedD.studied
19．A.cmingB.stayingC.leavingD.returning
20．A.resultsB.changesC.cnflictsD.signs
21．A.challengedB.embracedC.ignredD.wke
22．A.streetB.campusC.landD.stage
23．A.wrryB.expectC.cryD.understand
24．A.cnfusedB.disappintedC.interestedD.frightened
25．A.bedB.rmC.chairD.zne
26．A.suggestinB.invitatinC.aplgyD.present
27．A.wrkedB.gatheredC.unitedD.lived
28．A.waitingB.planningC.strugglingD.wanting
29．A.enjyB.findC.addressD.slve
30．A.influenceB.cntrlC.leadershipD.prtectin
31．A.successfulB.secureC.inspiringD.stressful
四、短文填空
32．Frm Octber 4 t Octber 6, the Natinal English Speaking Cmpetitin① _________ (hld) in Chengdu, Sichuan Prvince. A ttal f ne millin peple f different ages, frm kindergarten kids t yung prfessinals, tk part in this year’s event.
During the three-day event, yung② _________ (cmpete) expressed themselves by delivering speeches abut③ _________ (vary) tpics, including Histry as a Mirrr, The Prmise f Yuth, and The Pwer f Dreams. In additin④ _________ shwing their impressive English ability, they als shared their views n the wrld as a generatin f being pen-minded, individualistic, and scially respnsible.
When⑤ _________ cmpetitin was first run in 1996, the gal was⑥ _________ (train) cllege students t master anther language and cmmunicate clearly with freigners. ⑦ _________ , in the past 25 years the event⑧ _________ (g) far beynd this simple gal. It nw plays a rle in helping dcument (记录) the majr steps⑨ _________ the cuntry takes in its develpment, ⑩ _________ (encurage) yung peple t share China’s stries and prviding a stage fr thse wh will shape the future.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，你的好友Ze最近学业压力很大。你看出了她的焦虑，决定写一封信表达自己的关心，并给出几条建议。要点如下：
1. 表达关切；
2. 给出建议：调整心态；改进方法；劳逸结合等；
3. 表达期望。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
During my schl years, I had nly clse friend. We spent years tgether, and we were inseparable, in r ut f schl. But the Greg mved away, and I never thught it wuld take mre than 40 years t bring us tgether again.
As children, Greg and I dve int everything with passin. At that time, we were pure (纯真的) and kind, full f curisity and expectatin fr life. We raced ur bikes and illustrated (给书加插图) ur wn cmic bks. We even became attracted t the same girl frm arund the crner, a sixth -grader named Janne wh barely (几乎不) knew we existed.
The last times a Greg was smetime in 1966. It was s shrt a meeting that I culdn’t recall saying gdbye befre he mved. Since then, we lst tuch.
But then, a few summers ag, I saw a familiar wman. “Excuse me. Wuld yur name happen t be Janne?”
“Uh, yes...” She didn’t recgnise me until I explained wh I was. We hadn’t exchanged mre than a few dzen wrds in ur entire lifetime. “Have yu stayed in tuch with Greg?” she asked. I was surprised she even knew f ur friendship.
“N. I haven’t,” I admitted. “I wish I had.”
Back at the ffice I checked my messages. I received ne email, and then read it frm start t finish. The email was frm Greg.
Greg had tracked me dwn thrugh scial media. He was nw married, had tw children and had becme a musician and entrepreneur (企业家) . We exchanged several emails befre cnnecting by phne. A mnth later, my wife and I drve t meet Greg and his family in persn.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Standing in frnt f his huse, I began t get nervus.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Seeing the pht, Greg handed me a small, ld card.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：A
解析：根据Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge部分中的" as part f the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway. "可知，丹昆特大桥是京沪高铁的一部分，因此火车可以从桥上经过。故选A。
2．答案：C
解析：根据 Hartland Cvered Bridge部分中的"Althugh it was riginally built withut a rf, the bridge was capped with wden materials during the repairs in 1921. "可知，哈特兰廊桥在初建时没有顶，但在维修时，人们用木质材料对桥的顶部进行了覆盖。故选C。
3．答案：D
解析：根据Jiazhu Bay Bridge 部分中的"The newly-built Jiazhu Bay Bridge in China was named 'wrld's lngest bridge ver water' by Guinness Bk f Wrld Recrds in 2011... "可知，中国的胶州湾大桥是世界上最长的水上大桥。故选D。
4．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“he gt a call frm his daughter: “The huse next dr is n fire!” He went t lk. That’s when he saw an ld wman crying utside. (他接到女儿的电话：“隔壁的房子着火了！”他去看了看。就在这时，他看到一个老妇人在外面哭。)”和文章第二段““The baby’s in there!” she cried. (“孩子在里面！”她叫道。)”可知，隔壁房子着火了，但是一个婴儿还在着火的房子里，所以那个老妇人在外面哭。故选C。
5．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The thick smke burned his eyes and made it impssible t breathe. The cnditins wuld have been dangerus fr anyne, but fr Surrell, wh had lung disease, they were life—threatening (威胁生命的). (浓烟灼伤了他的眼睛，使他无法呼吸。这种情况对任何人来说都是危险的，但对患有肺病的Surrell来说，这是危及生命的。)”可知，着火的房子浓烟滚滚，使人无法呼吸，这对于患有肺病的Surrell来说是致命的。由此推知，大火可能会导致他死亡。故选B。
6．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Still unable t see, Surrell fell t his knees n the ht wd flr and climbed tward the sund, feeling arund fr any sign f the girl.(Surrell仍然看不见，他跪在滚烫的木地板上，朝声音传来的地方爬去，四处寻找那个女孩的踪迹。)”和文章最后一段“Finally, he tuched smething. A she, then an ankle. He pulled the baby tward him. (最后，他摸到了什么东西。先是鞋子，然后是脚踝。他把婴儿拉向自己。)”可知，Surrell在看不见的情况下，跪在炽热的木地板上，爬到声音传来的地方，四处寻找女孩的踪迹。最后，他找到了婴儿的鞋子和脚踝。由此可知，他是通过跪在地上四处摸索找到婴儿的。故选A。
7．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Surrell, then 64, ran inside withut hesitatin (犹豫).( 当时64岁的索雷尔毫不犹豫地跑了进去。)”可知，短文主要讲Surrell冒着生命危险冲进着火的房子里去救一个婴儿，这体现了他勇敢，有爱心的特点。故选D。
8．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Marine life (海洋生物) in Flrida Keys is negatively influenced by tw frces: human activity and climate change. The frmer invlves fishing, turism and diving while the latter causes a large increase in intense hurricanes.(Flrida Keys的海洋生物受到两个力量的负面影响：人类活动和气候变化。前者涉及渔业、旅游和潜水，而后者导致强烈飓风的数量大幅增加)”可知，捕鱼业对Flrida Keys的海洋生物有负面作用。故选C项。
9．答案： B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“The researchers visited 27 sites alng a 20-mile stretch f cast near Flrida Keys lking fr tracks that reflected the presence f burrwing echinids (穴居海胆类动物). “The findings that burrwing echinids have been highly resilient (有适应力的) against climate change and envirnmental pllutin ver the last 60 years was a huge discvery fr us.” said study c-authr Tbias Grun.(研究人员在Flrida Keys附近的沿海20英里范围内的27个地点进行了访问，寻找反映穴居海胆类动物存在的痕迹。研究合著者托比亚斯·格伦表示：“我们发现，在过去60年里，穴居海胆对气候变化和环境污染的适应能力很强，这对我们来说是一个巨大的发现。”)”可知，格伦认为这些发现很重要。故选B项。
10．答案： C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Grun said, “Hwever, we knw little abut their current distributin, ppulatin size, and health. The reasn is nt the lack f interest by the scientific cmmunity but lies in that fieldwrk is very expensive.”(格伦说：“然而，我们对它们当前的分布、种群规模和健康状况知之甚少。原因并不是科学界缺乏兴趣，而是实地调查非常昂贵。”)”可知，格伦对穴居海胆类动物的分布、种群规模和健康状况知之甚少，是因为实地调查非常昂贵，推知费用是这项研究面临的挑战。故选C项。
11．答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Grun added, “At this pint, ur data shw that burrwing echinids are mre resilient than many ther marine species and are ding cmparatively well. That des nt mean that we can push ur luck and keep ging the way we are right nw. Our study prvides sme hpe that these creatures are resilient, but much mre wrk is needed t translate ur findings int a larger scale. The reasns fr their resilience are als widely unknwn.”(格伦补充说：“目前，我们的数据显示，穴居海胆比许多其他海洋物种更具适应能力，并且状况相对较好。但这并不意味着我们可以一直保持现状而不受后果。我们的研究为这些生物的有适应力提供了一些希望，但还需要进行更多工作将我们的发现扩大到更大的范围。它们适应力的原因也很大程度上不为人所知。”)”可知，格伦觉得还需要进行更多工作将他们的发现扩大到更大的范围，也就是做进一步的研究。故选A项。
12．答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Small talk is the grease fr scial cmmunicatin, says Bernard Carducci, directr f the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Sutheast. “Almst every great lve stry and each big business deal begins with small talk,” he explains. “The secret t successful small talk is learning hw t cnnect with thers, nt just cmmunicate with them.”(印第安纳大学东南分校羞怯研究所所长Bernard Carducci说，闲聊是社交的润滑剂。他解释道：“几乎每一个伟大的爱情故事和每一笔重大的商业交易都始于闲聊。”“成功闲聊的秘诀是学会如何与他人建立联系，而不仅仅是与他们交流。”)”可知，闲聊对于建立深入的合作关系是非常重要的，再由划线词所在句的“It is easy t cnsider small talk as unimprtant, but we can’t frget that deep relatinships wuldn’t even exist if there weren’t casual cnversatins.(人们很容易认为闲聊不重要，但我们不能忘记，如果没有casual交谈，深层关系甚至不会存在)”可知，深层关系的存在是需要闲聊的，闲聊即“非正式的谈话”，因此划线词意为“非正式的”。故选D。
13．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“The secret t successful small talk is learning hw t cnnect with thers, nt just cmmunicate with them.(成功闲聊的秘诀是学会如何与他人建立联系，而不仅仅是与他们交流)”可知，Carducci认为，与他人保持联系对成功的闲聊很重要。故选D。
14．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The results shwed that thse wh chatted with their server reprted bviusly higher psitive feelings and a better cffee shp experience.(结果显示，那些与服务员聊天的人表现出明显更高的积极情绪和更好的咖啡店体验)”可知，和服务员聊天的人的情绪更高，即这会使人感觉更好，故选B。
15．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首段通过描述当前社会中存在与陌生人缺乏交流的现象切入，第二段分析其原因并引入专家认为闲聊是非常宝贵的社会实践，能带来巨大的好处的观点，第三段通过一项研究，进一步具体指出闲聊的益处，最后一段说明闲聊是培养良好礼貌的基础。因此，本文主要是讲述闲聊的重要性，则C项“闲聊的重要性”可以作为标题。故选C。
16．答案：①-⑤DGFCB
解析：
①前文“The days may be shrter, but the list f fun activities isn’t. Dn’t let the winter blues take ver. (白天可能更短，但有趣的活动清单却不是。不要让冬天的忧郁占据上风。)”讲述了冬天也有一些有趣的活动，所以不要让冬天的阴霾笼罩自己，空处应承上启下，引出接下来的一些活动，D项“活跃起来，尝试这些冬季活动。”符合题意。故选D。
②前文“Finding yur favurite. (找到你最喜欢的事情。)”是本段主旨句，讲述了要找到自己最喜欢做的事情，G项“保持健康的关键是找到你喜欢做的事情。”与主题相照应。故选G。
③后文“Walking with snwshes is friendly t beginners, and suitable fr kids and senirs alike. (穿着雪鞋走路对初学者很友好，适合儿童和老年人。)”讲述了穿着雪鞋走路对初学者很友好，所以空处应是说不需要成为运动员就可以做这项活动，F项“你不必是一名运动员就可以享受这种季节性的活动。”符合题意。故选F。
④前文“Yu dn’t need the latest gear (设备) t be able t have fun. (你不需要最新的装备就能玩得开心。)”讲述了没必要购买最新的装备，空处应说有其他获得装备的方式，C项“大多数滑雪场也租装备。”符合题意。故选C。
⑤空处是本段主旨句。根据后文“Taking an nline class, r picking up an instrument fr the first time, can be incredibly rewarding. Expanding yur prfessinal skill can d wnders fr yur future jb prspects. It may take a little planning, but cnsider learning smething new this seasn. (参加在线课程，或者第一次学乐器，都会带来难以置信的回报。扩展你的专业技能可以为你未来的工作前景创造奇迹。这可能需要一些规划，但可以考虑在这个季节学习一些新的东西。)”可知，本段主要是讲述学习新东西的好处，所以B项“学一些东西。”符合题意。故选B。
17．答案：D
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在寄宿家庭安顿下来后不久，一个意大利女孩也搬了进来。A. ran away逃跑；B. sped up加速；C. set ff出发；D. mved in搬进。根据下文“Since the huse had limited space, we ______ tgether. My negative view n rmmates started frm that mment.”可知，一个意大利女孩也搬进了这个寄宿家庭。故选D。
18．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为房子空间有限，我们就住在一起。A. lay铺设；B. cked烹饪；C. rmed合住；D. studied研究。根据下文“My negative view n rmmates started frm that mment.”可知，我们住在一起了。故选C。
19．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的室友喜欢邀请朋友来家里聚会，但我更喜欢一个人呆在家里。A. cming来；B. staying停留；C. leaving离开；D. returning返回。根据下文“hme by myself”及语境可知，我更喜欢一个人呆在家里。故选B。
20．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后矛盾开始出现，我告诉自己我再也不要室友了。A. results结果；B. changes变更；C. cnflicts矛盾；D. signs标志。根据上文“My rmmate liked t invite friends ver and hld parties, but I preferred _______ hme by myself.”可知，我们观念不同，所以出现了矛盾。故选C。
21．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，当我上大学时，生活很快向我提出了挑战。A. challenged挑战；B. embraced拥抱；C. ignred忽略；D. wke醒来。根据上文“Then _______ started t appear, and I tld myself that I never wanted a rmmate again.”及下文“It required all first-year students t live n ________, which meant I had t live with smene I didn’t knw.”可知，我想要室友，但是大学要求住宿，所以这对我提出了挑战。故选A。
22．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：它要求所有的一年级学生都住在校园里，这意味着我必须和一个我不认识的人住在一起。A. street街；B. campus校园；C. land土地；D. stage阶段。根据下文“which meant I had t live with smene I didn’t knw.”可知，学校要求一年级学生都要在校园里住宿。故选B。
23．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那一刻起，我开始担心起来。A. wrry担心；B. expect预期；C. cry哭泣；D. understand理解。根据下文“When I talked t my future rmmate Lily fr the very first time, I tried my best t smile and nd t hide my nervusness.”可知，我很紧张，所以我很担心自己未来的住宿生活。故选A。
24．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她邀请我共进午餐时，我完全吓坏了。A. cnfused困惑的；B. disappinted失望的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文“I tld myself that I shuld step ut f my cmfrt ______, even thugh I culd clearly hear my heart beating thrugh my chest.”可知，当时我很紧张，非常害怕。故选D。
25．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉自己，我应该走出我的舒适区，尽管我可以清楚地听到我的心跳穿过我的胸膛。A. bed床；B. rm房间；C. chair椅子；D. zne区域。根据上文“I tld myself that I shuld step ut f my cmfrt”及常识可知，我告诉自己，我应该走出我的舒适区。故选D。
26．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我考虑了很久，最后，我接受了她的邀请。A. suggestin建议；B. invitatin邀请；C. aplgy道歉；D. present礼物。根据上文“When she invited me t have lunch, I was cmpletely _______.”可知，我的室友邀请我共进午餐，经过长时间的考虑，最后，我接受了她的邀请。故选B。
27．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在一起住了几个星期后，我知道莉莉已经有了一家卖零食的小公司，而我一直在努力设定目标。A. wrked工作；B. gathered聚集；C. united联合；D. lived居住。根据上文“When I talked t my future rmmate Lily fr the very first time, I tried my best t smile and nd t hide my nervusness.”可知，我和莉莉是室友，我们住在一起。故选D。
28．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在一起住了几个星期后，我知道莉莉已经有了一家卖零食的小公司，而我一直在努力设定目标。A. waiting等待；B. planning计划；C. struggling努力；D. wanting想要。根据下文“One night, she asked me what I wanted t d fr my career. I lked int her eyes fr a lng time, and then said, “I dn’t knw.””可知，我还没有自己的目标，所以我一直在努力设定目标。故选C。
29．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“别担心！我们会一起努力，我会帮你找到你的激情所在，”她温柔地说。A. enjy享受；B. find找到；C. address演讲；D. slve解决。根据上文“I lked int her eyes fr a lng time, and then said, “I dn’t knw.””及下文“what yu are passinate abut”可知，我不知道自己的目标，所以莉莉在帮助我找我的激情所在。故选B。
30．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的影响下，我找到了自己的兴趣，也知道自己毕业后想做什么。A. influence影响；B. cntrl控制；C. leadership领导力；D. prtectin保护。根据语境可知，此处指在莉莉的帮助下，我找到自己的兴趣。故选A。
31．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多亏了她，我才觉得有个室友可以如此鼓舞人心。A. successful成功的；B. secure安全的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. stressful有压力的。根据上文“Thanks t her”可知，此处在表达感激之情，“有个室友可以如此鼓舞人心”符合语境。故选C。
32．答案：①was held②cmpetitrs③varius④t⑤the⑥t train⑦Hwever⑧has gne⑨that/which⑩encuraging
解析：①考查时态语态。句意：10月4日至6日，全国英语演讲比赛在四川省成都市举行。根据Frm Octber 4 t Octber 6可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词hld与主语the Natinal English Speaking Cmpetitin构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was held。
②考查名词。句意：在为期三天的活动中，年轻的参赛者们发表了各种主题的演讲，包括“历史是一面镜子”，“青春的承诺”和“梦想的力量”。分析句子可知，空处应用名词cmpetitrs“参赛者”在句中作主语，可数名词前没有限定词修饰，应用复数形式。故填cmpetitrs。
③考查形容词。句意：在为期三天的活动中，年轻的参赛者们发表了各种主题的演讲，包括“历史是一面镜子”，“青春的承诺”和“梦想的力量”。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词varius“各种各样的”在句中作定语。故填varius。
④考查介词。句意：除了展现他们卓越的英语能力之外，他们还分享了作为开放、个性独立且具有社会责任感的一代人对世界的看法。in additin t“除了”为固定短语。故填t。
⑤考查冠词。句意：当这项比赛于1996年首次举办时，其目标是培养大学生掌握另一种语言并与外国人清晰交流。分析句子可知，空处应填定冠词the，特指上文提到的名词the Natinal English Speaking Cmpetitin。故填the。
⑥考查不定式。句意：当这项比赛于1996年首次举办时，其目标是培养大学生掌握另一种语言并与外国人清晰交流。分析句子可知，空处应填不定式在句中作表语，说明主语的内容。故填t train。
⑦考查副词。句意：然而，在过去的25年里，这项活动已经远远超出了这个简单的目标。分析句子可知，空处前后为转折关系，且空后有逗号，故用转折副词hwever，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Hwever。
⑧考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，在过去的25年里，这项活动已经远远超出了这个简单的目标。根据时间状语in the past 25 years可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语the event为单数名词，助动词用has。故填has gne。
⑨考查定语从句。句意：现在，它在帮助记录国家发展过程中的重大步骤、鼓励年轻人分享中国故事、为那些塑造未来的人提供舞台上发挥着作用。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词steps，先行词为物，且在从句中作宾语，故用关系代词that或which。故填that或which。
⑩考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，它在帮助记录国家发展过程中的重大步骤、鼓励年轻人分享中国故事、为那些塑造未来的人提供舞台上发挥着作用。分析句子可知，空处应用动名词形式与helping和prviding并列，作介词in的宾语。故填encuraging。
33．答案：
Dear Ze,
I am srry t see that yu have been under a lt f pressure these days. I have gne thrugh the same struggle as yu, s here I’d like t ffer several pieces f advice.
Firstly, yu need t be mre psitive and cnfident. What’s mre, it als helps t make a timetable t imprve yur efficiency. Last but nt least, why nt try t strike a balance between wrk and rest? Prper relaxatin can better prepare yu fr the upcming tasks.
Hpe my advice can be f help t yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友Ze写一封信，就对方因学业压力大感觉焦虑表达关心，并给出几条建议。
1.词汇积累
压力：pressure→stress
建议：advice→suggestins
此外：what’s mre→in additin
提高：imprve→enhance
2.句式拓展
句型转换
简单句变复合句
原句：I have gne thrugh the same struggle as yu, s here I’d like t ffer several pieces f advice.
拓展句：Because I have gne thrugh the same struggle as yu, here I’d like t ffer several pieces f advice.
【高分句型1】 I am srry t see that yu have been under a lt f pressure these days. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
【高分句型2】 Hpe my advice can be f help t yu. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句)
34．答案： Standing in frnt f his huse, I began t get nervus. I didn’t knw what t say r d. S much time had passed and a lt f memries seemed t have been blurred. But after hugs and intrductins, the years disslved as we exchanged stries abut ur lives. I had brught alng the nly picture I culd find cntaining the tw f us frm my sixth birthday. The picture is a witness t ur friendship in the past.
Seeing the pht, Greg handed me a small, ld card. It was written “Greg’s invitatin t my sixth birthday party”, signed “Frm Dnnie” in faded blue crayn. Althugh the card had turned yellw, it culd be seen that he kept it carefully fr many years. There were a few ther things shared that evening, but nne as meaningful as the invitatin and the picture. They were stred apart but saved fr the reunin f tw ld friends. True friendship des nt fade with time.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“站在他家门前，我开始紧张起来。”可知，第一段可描写作者紧张的心情以及两人见面后场景。
②由第二段首句内容“看到照片，Greg递给我一张又小又旧的卡片。”可知，第二段可描写卡片上的内容以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：站在门前——感到紧张——交换了各自的生活故事——递给卡片——阅读卡片——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
时间流逝：pass/g by
递给：hand/give
消失：fade/disappear
情绪类
紧张的：nervus/tense
有意义的：meaningful/significant
[高分句型1] I didn’t knw what t say r d. (运用了“疑问词+不定式”作宾语)
[高分句型2] Althugh the card had turned yellw it culd be seen that he kept it carefully fr many years. (运用了althugh引导让步状语从句)
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