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湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2023-2024学年高三下学期月考英语试卷（六）（Word版附解析）
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这是一份湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2023-2024学年高三下学期月考英语试卷（六）（Word版附解析），文件包含湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2023-2024学年高三下学期月考试卷六英语试题原卷版docx、湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2023-2024学年高三下学期月考试卷六英语试题Word版含解析docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共37页， 欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why hasn’t the man taken a pht f the twer?
A. The fg is thick. B. The twer is t far. C. The camera is brken.
2. Hw des Sarah sund?
A. Cntent. B. Wrried. C. Cnfused.
3. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Hst and interviewee.
B. Waiter and custmer.
C. Shp assistant and manager.
4. Where are the speakers?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a bank. C. In a htel.
5. What d we knw abut Jhn?
A. He rides a bicycle t schl.
B. He plans t read a nvel.
C. He ften wrks ut.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6 What is the wman ding?
A. Asking fr the dinner arrangements.
B. Preparing fr dinner.
C. Welcming the guests.
7. Hw des the wman sund?
A. Nervus. B. Impatient. C. Cnfident.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why des the wman talk t the man?
A. T ask fr help. B. T issue an invitatin. C. T shw her plan.
9. What will the man d?
A. Attend the party.
B. Prepare sme fried chicken.
C. Study fr the whle weekend.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What cncerns the man?
A. The impact f practising n his mther.
B. The chance f lsing the cmpetitin.
C. The lack f a prper teacher t guide him.
11. Hw will the wman help the man?
A. By helping him chse a piece f music.
B. By finding a place fr practising.
C. By practising the pian with him.
12. What can we learn abut the man?
A. His mther wns a music stre.
B. He is ging t turn t his aunt.
C. He plays the pian well.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When was the Wrld Wild Fund fr Nature set up?
A. In 1916. B. In 1961. C. In 1969.
14. What des the Audubn Sciety wrk t prtect?
A. Birds. B. Frests. C. Sea animals.
15. What is the Audubn Sciety named after?
A. An artist. B. An animal. C. A city.
16. What d we knw abut the Wilderness Sciety?
A. Its head ffice is in New Yrk.
B. It has 18 ffices in the US.
C. It fcuses n the natural envirnment f the US.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did it rain last time in Juárez?
A. Three days ag. B. A mnth ag. C. A year ag.
18. What seasn is it nw in Juárez?
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn.
19. What are ld peple advised t d?
A. Take a walk in the afternn.
B. Drink plenty f water.
C. Keep their hmes cl.
20. What will be talked abut next?
A. The preparatins fr extreme weather.
B. The weather cnditins in the future.
C. The reasn f ht weather.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Take Actin fr a Better Wrld: Vlunteers Needed
Six mnths’ preparatin in Denmark: Africa studies, team wrk cmbined with scial wrk with risk grup teenagers.
Six mnths’ cmmunity wrk in Malawi in Peple t Peple Prjects: Child Aid, HIV/AIDS Fights and Teacher Training.
Qualificatins: 18 years ld, hard wrking and scial engagement
Please cntact us by e-mail: takeactin@ betterwrld.cm
Part-time Wrk with Exchange Students
YOUTH Internatinal is a nn-prfit high schl freign exchange student rganizatin. We welcme teenagers frm ver 80 cuntries wrldwide and prvide hst families. The Cmmunity Representative is a part-time psitin designed fr peple with a strng desire t d smething rewarding in the cmmunity and earn sme extra mney.
Applicants best suited fr this wrk shuld enjy teenagers, have a strng interest in crss-cultural cmmunicatin and feel cmfrtable netwrking. Full training and supprt will be prvided thrugh branch ffices thrughut the US. Psitins available in mst states.
If interested, please e-mail staff@yuth.rg r call 888-123-9872.
Internatinal Summer Jb
Hi, I’m an ESL student in China. I’m 20, quiet and plite, and I speak reasnable English. I’m lking fr a summer jb in an English-speaking cuntry. I can teach Chinese r d huse and garden wrk and ck Chinese dishes. Can anybdy ffer me a jb? I dn’t need t earn much, just enugh in tw mnths(July-August)t pay fr my return ticket t China. My gal is t imprve my English and see a bit mre f the wrld.
My e-mail is: ram3462@htmail.cm.
Call fr Native Speaker f English
I am lking fr native speakers f English t jin in an experiment. This experiment is carried ut ver the Internet. Yu dn’t need any specific knwledge ther than understanding and speaking English at a native level. The first task will take yu arund 15 minutes. After this task, yu can decide whether yu want t cntinue the experiment. The tasks invlve reading texts and designing questins and answers.
If yu are willing t help me, then please e-mail us: club3804@htmail.cm.
1. Where will Jack, a vlunteer, receive the training befre he is sent t wrk in Malawi?
A. In sme lcal ffices in the US.B. In an ESL rganizatin in China.
C. In an exchange student centre in Africa.D. In a preparatin prgram in Denmark.
2. Wh is mst likely t wrk as a Cmmunity Representative in YOUTH Internatinal?
A. One wh has a strng desire t imprve his r her English.
B. One wh hpes t take actin in fighting against diseases.
C. One wh enjys wrking with teenagers frm different cuntries.
D. One wh wants t earn sme pcket mney in the prgram.
3. What are vlunteers fr an experiment ver the Internet suppsed t d?
A. T prvide language exercises.B. T d sme husewrk.
C. T ffer advice n Child Aid.D. T interview peple nline.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是招聘广告，介绍了四则招聘广告Take Actin fr a Better Wrld: Vlunteers Needed、Part-time wrk with Exchange Students、Internatinal Summer Jb、Call fr Native Speaker f English的具体信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一部分中“Six mnths’ preparatin in Denmark: Africa studies, team wrk cmbined with scial wrk with risk grup teenagers.(在丹麦6个月的准备工作：非洲研究，团队合作与风险群体青少年的社会工作相结合)”可知，志愿者杰克在被派往马拉维工作之前将在丹麦参加一个准备工作。故选D。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二部分中“YOUTH Internatinal is a nn-prfit high schl freign exchange student rganizatin. We welcme teenagers frm ver 80 cuntries wrldwide and prvide hst families.(国际青年是一个非营利性的高中外国交换学生组织。我们欢迎来自全球80多个国家的青少年，并提供寄宿家庭)”可知，一个喜欢和来自不同国家的青少年一起工作的人最有可能成为国际青年组织的社区代表。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The tasks invlve reading texts and designing questins and answers.(这些任务包括阅读课文和设计问题和答案)”可知，在互联网上做实验的志愿者应该提供语言练习。故选A。
B
In March 2018, at a high schl in New Yrk, Dylan Belscher fund an ld dllar n the flr during an English class. Rather than keeping it, he turned it in t his teacher, Katie Mattisn. Mattisn, surprised by his hnesty, suggested taping it t the whitebard at the frnt f the classrm, where she always puts lst things. Maybe the dllar was lunch mney r bus fare fr the student wh drpped it.
Neither the teacher nr her student thught twice abut the dllar. Hunter Rse, then a senir, sptted the dllar n the whitebard. “There is a mystery t it,” Rse said. After class, he asked Mattisn why it was there. She was still waiting fr the riginal wner t claim it, s she replied, “I dn’t knw.” Rse tk the tape frm Mattisn’s desk and taped a secnd dllar t the bard. That gt it rlling. The sight f the tw dllar bills, side by side, stimulated smething in Mattisn’s students.
Mattisn, recgnizing a phenmenn in the making, wrte students’ initials n each bill, and she started t leave the tape n the tray f the whitebard. The effrt snwballed. Even with n specific purpse, many students wanted t be part f whatever this was. Jake Braniecki, anther senir, said everyne understd that the eventual plan fr the dllars wuld be fr “smething gd” and that their teacher “wasn’t ging t d anything stupid with the mney”. The students, amng themselves, decided Mattisn had sme unspken gal. They figured bigger dnatins culd nly help them get there faster.
Over weeks, dnatins reached $175.76. The riginal wner f the lst dllar never came frward, leaving Mattisn t decide the best slutin.
Mattisn shared the stry f her gdfather, Jack, wh died f ALS eight years prir, and his sister, Jean, wh had the same disease three years later. Jack had been married t Mattisn’s sister, Terry Stephan Hains, wh raises mney fr the ALS Therapy Develpment Institute each spring. Mattisn asked her students if she culd dnate the cllected dllars in hnr f Jack, and they respnded by taping mre mney t the bard. The students’ cntributins increased the ttal t $321.06. Mattisn, mved by their genersity, carefully tk the cash ff the bard and made the dnatin just befre Natinal ALS Awareness Mnth in May.
4. What encuraged the students t start taping dllar bills t the whitebard?
A. The teacher annunced a cash reward t the students.
B. The students wanted t buy smething fr the classrm.
C. The sight f tw dllars side by side attracted them.
D. The schl rganized a fund-raising event amng senirs.
5. Why did Mattisn write students’ initials n the dllars?
A. T award bnus pints t students based n their initials.
B. T keep track f the amunt dnated by each student.
C. As part f a secret message fr a class rm game.
D. T identify the riginal wner f the lst ld dllar.
6. What was the purpse behind taping mney t the whitebard accrding t the students?
A. T fund a schl trip fr the class.B. T figure ut the mysterius gal f the teacher.
C. T purchase new supplies fr the classrm.D. It was a schl-wide initiative fr charity.
7. Which is the best title f the passage?
A. Katie Mattisn’s Heartfelt Dnatin t ALS Awareness
B. Dylan Belscher’s Hnesty: A Dllar’s Unexpected Jurney
C. Students’ Genersity Unflds: Frm a Lst Dllar t a Meaningful ALS Dnatin
D. Classrm Activities: Lsening the Classrm Dllar Mystery
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了一个学生一次将捡到的钱贴在教室白板上的无心的行为，引发了学生们为肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症治疗发展研究所筹集资金，最终将金额累计到了321.06美元的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Neither the teacher nr her student thught twice abut the dllar. Hunter Rse, then a senir, sptted the dllar n the whitebard. “There is a mystery t it,” Rse said. After class, he asked Mattisn why it was there. She was still waiting fr the riginal wner t claim it, s she replied, “I dn’t knw.” Rse tk the tape frm Mattisn’s desk and taped a secnd dllar t the bard. That gt it rlling. The sight f the tw dllar bills, side by side, stimulated smething in Mattisn’s students. (老师和她的学生都没有多想那美元。当时大四的亨特·罗斯看到了白板上的美元。“这是一个谜，”罗斯说。下课后，他问马蒂森为什么会在那里。她还在等原主人认领，所以她回答说：“我不知道。”罗斯从马蒂森的桌子上拿起胶带，又在板子上粘了一美元。这就开始了。看到两张一美元的钞票并排在一起，马蒂森的学生心中产生了某种刺激。)”可知，学生们开始把美钞贴在白板上是因为并排的两美元吸引了他们。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Mattisn, recgnizing a phenmenn in the making, wrte students’ initials n each bill, and she started t leave the tape n the tray f the whitebard. (马蒂森意识到这种现象正在形成，于是在每张钞票上写上学生名字的首字母缩写，然后开始把胶带放在白板的托盘上。)”可知，马蒂森在美元上写上学生名字的首字母是为了记录每个学生的捐款数额。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The students, amng themselves, decided Mattisn had sme unspken gal. They figured bigger dnatins culd nly help them get there faster. (学生们都认为马蒂森有什么不可告人的目的。他们认为，更多的捐款只能帮助他们更快地实现这一目标。)”可知，学生们说把钱贴在白板上的目的是弄清老师神秘的目的。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Mattisn asked her students if she culd dnate the cllected dllars in hnr f Jack, and they respnded by taping mre mney t the bard. The students’ cntributins increased the ttal t $321.06. Mattisn, mved by their genersity, carefully tk the cash ff the bard and made the dnatin just befre Natinal ALS Awareness Mnth in May. (马蒂森问她的学生，她是否可以把收集到的钱捐给杰克，他们的回应是给董事会更多的钱。学生们的捐款总额增加到321.06美元。马蒂森被他们的慷慨感动了，他小心翼翼地从黑板上取下现金，在5月份全国ALS宣传月之前捐款。)”结合文章主要记叙了一个学生一次将捡到的钱贴在教室白板上的无心的行为，引发了学生们为肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症治疗发展研究所筹集资金，最终将金额累计到了321.06美元的故事。故选项C“学生的慷慨：从一美元到有意义的ALS捐赠”最符合文章标题。故选C。
C
A new study suggests that identical twins are nt exactly the same genetically. Identical twins are tw babies that cme frm the same fertilized egg (受精卵). Scientists in Iceland examined DNA frm 387 pairs f identical twins, their parents, children, husbands r wives. “The examinatins led the team t find early mutatins (突变) that separate identical twins,” lead researcher and geneticist Kari Stefanssn said. He is a prfessr at the University f Iceland and funder f the cmpany deCODE genetics.
Mutatins are small changes in DNA that can happen when a cell divides in an attempt t cpy itself. These small changes can influence a persn’s physical appearance r cntrl a persn’s ability t fight a disease. The newly-discvered mutatins shw that identical twins d have genetic differences, the researchers said. The results were recently published in Nature Genetics.
On average, identical twins have 5.2 f these early genetic differences, the researchers fund. But abut 15 percent f identical twin pairs have mre than that. Sme may have as many as 100 genetic differences, Stefanssn said. These differences represent a small part f each twin’s genetic material. But they culd influence why ne twin is taller r why ne is at greater risk f sme cancers than the ther.
In the past, many researchers believed physical differences seen in identical twins were related mstly t envirnmental influences, such as nutritin r lifestyle behavirs. Jan Dumanski is a geneticist at Sweden’s Uppsala University. He was nt invlved in the study. He praised the findings as a clear and imprtant cntributin t medical research. “It suggests we have t be very careful when we are using twins as a mdel fr examining the influences f genetics r the envirnment,” Dumanski said.
A 2008 paper in The American Jurnal f Human Genetics fund sme genetic differences between identical twins. The new study, hwever, ges beynd earlier wrk by including the DNA f parents, children, husbands and wives f identical twins. Studying family members permitted the researchers t examine when genetic mutatins happened in tw different kinds f cells: thse present in nly ne individual and thse passed n t the persn’s children.
Stefanssn said his team fund twins where a mutatin is present in all cells f the bdy f ne twin, but nt in the ther twin at all. “Hwever, smetimes the secnd twin may shw the mutatin in sme cells, but nt all cells,” he added. The researchers said they als fund mutatins that came abut befre the develping embry (胚胎) split in tw.
Nancy Segal is a psychlgist wh studies twins at Califrnia State University, Fullertn. She was nt invlved in the study. But she called the result “heric and really significant”. Segal added that the research is likely t persuade mre scientists t rethink the influences f genetics and envirnment n twins. “Twins are very alike, but it is nt a perfect similarity,” she said.
8. What did the examinatins f identical twins lead researchers t find?
A. A cell changes a lt in an attempt t cpy itself.
B Genetic mutatins exist in identical twins very early.
C. Mutatins can influence a persn’s physical appearance.
D. It is pssible t cntrl a persn’s ability t fight a disease.
9. What might the new research tell peple?
A. Dctrs shuld use different ways t deal with twin patients.
B. It is n use carefully examining the genetics f identical twins.
C. There may be sme better methds t distinguish identical twins.
D. It is nt just the envirnment that makes identical twins different.
10. What des Nancy Segal think f the new finding?
A. She thinks it is the perfect finding.B. She thinks it deserves rethinking.
C. She thinks it is cnfusing t thers.D. She thinks it is meaningful and imprtant.
11. What is the best title fr this passage?
A. Studies Have, Fund Ways t Influence Twins
B. There Are Differences Between Identical Twins
C. Identical Twins Are Nt Genetically Exact Cpies
D. Identical Twins Cme, frm the Same Fertilized Egg
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现同卵双胞胎并非基因完全相同，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的有关发现。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The examinatins led the team t find early mutatins (突变) that separate identical twins(通过这些检查，研究小组发现了区分同卵双胞胎的早期突变)”可知，对同卵双胞胎的检查让研究人员发现基因突变很早就存在于同卵双胞胎中。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“But they culd influence why ne twin is taller r why ne is at greater risk f sme cancers than the ther.(但它们可能会影响双胞胎中为什么一个更高，或者为什么一个比另一个患某些癌症的风险更高)”；第四段“In the past, many researchers believed physical differences seen in identical twins were related mstly t envirnmental influences, such as nutritin r lifestyle behavirs.(过去，许多研究人员认为，同卵双胞胎的身体差异主要与环境影响有关，比如营养或生活方式行为)”以及““It suggests we have t be very careful when we are using twins as a mdel fr examining the influences f genetics r the envirnment,” Dumanski said. (杜曼斯基说：“这表明，当我们把双胞胎作为研究遗传或环境影响的模型时，我们必须非常小心。”)”可知，新的研究可能告诉人们导致同卵双胞胎不同的不仅仅是环境。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nancy Segal is a psychlgist wh studies twins at Califrnia State University, Fullertn. She was nt invlved in the study. But she called the result “heric and really significant”.(南希·西格尔是加州州立大学富勒顿分校研究双胞胎的心理学家。她没有参与这项研究。但她称这一结果“英勇且意义重大”)”可知，南希·西格尔认为这项新发现有意义和重要。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第一段“A new study suggests that identical twins are nt exactly the same genetically.(一项新的研究表明，同卵双胞胎的基因并不完全相同)”可知，文章主要说明了研究发现同卵双胞胎并非基因完全相同，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的有关发现。因此C选项“同卵双胞胎并非基因完全相同”最符合文章标题。故选C。
D
Scientists have discvered hw plants manage t live alngside each ther in places that are dark and shady. Plants in the deep darkness f a thick frest, where natural supplies are nt very great in amunt, wn’t attempt t tp their neighbrs in grwth as thse in mderate (中度的) shade d. In deep shade cnditins, it wuld be a waste f energy and harmful t survival because green shts wuld never be able t tp their larger neighbrs in grwth.
S hw d plants prevent such grwth in deep shade cnditins? The secret lies in the clcks inside them, say scientists frm the Jhn Innes Centre and the University f Bristl.
They have discvered that when plants ntice deep shade, this changes the expressin f genes in certain parts f the circadian clck (昼夜节律时钟) — the internal daily time r fund in plants and ther living things. These clck cmpnents perfrm an additinal rle in preventing plants frm lengthening and ver tpping neighbrs.
The wrk identifies a previusly unknwn rle f the circadian clck in cntrlling plant develpment, and the findings may have pssible effects n bth natural plant ppulatins and crps. Prfessr Antny Ddd f the Jhn Innes Centre said, “The bilgical clck f plants plays a big part in their develpment and fitness. This wrk casts new light n a new rle f the circadian clck in adapting plants t cmpetitin with ther plants in their envirnments.” “It als gives us new insights int hw plants adapt t very deep shade, where resurces are very limited,” said Prfessr Kerry Franklin at the University f Bristl.
This wrk prvides evidence fr the stability f the circadian clck in stressful envirnments, and infrmatin that may be useful in develping new generatins f crps in a challenging climate.
12. What d plants nrmally d in mderate shade?
A. Struggle t preserve energy.B. Cmpete fr very limited resurces.
C. Try t utgrw their neighbrs.D. Depend n each ther t survive.
13. Hw des the circadian clck affect plants?
A. By changing their gene expressin.
B. By making them realize light change.
C. By helping them adapt t the darkness.
D. By cntrlling their grwth in deep shade.
14. Accrding t Prfessr Antny Ddd, which statement is TRUE?
A. The circadian clck’s rle in plant develpment remains unknwn.
B. Plants’ living envirnments are very cmpetitive.
C. The circadian clck affects plants’ adaptability t survival cmpetitin.
D. Plants can adapt t very deep shade where resurces are very limited.
15. Why des the authr write the text?
A. T share a new discvery abut plants.
B. T intrduce the rle f the circadian clck.
C. T cmpare plants living in certain cnditins.
D. T explain plants’ secret f living in frests.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家们已经发现了植物是如何在黑暗和阴凉的地方共存的。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Plants in the deep darkness f a thick frest, where natural supplies are nt very great in amunt, wn’t attempt t tp their neighbrs in grwth as thse in mderate (中度的) shade d.(在茂密森林的黑暗深处，那里的自然资源不是很多，植物不会像那些在中等树荫下的植物那样，试图在生长上超过它们的邻居)”可知，在中度阴暗的环境中，植物试图比其邻居长得高。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“S hw d plants prevent such grwth in deep shade cnditins? The secret lies in the clcks inside them (那么植物是如何在阴暗处防止这种生长的呢？秘密就在它们里面的时钟里)”和第三段中的“These clck cmpnents perfrm an additinal rle in preventing plants frm lengthening and ver tpping neighbrs.(这些时钟组件在防止植物伸长和超过邻居方面起着额外的作用)”可知，生物钟通过控制它们在阴凉处的生长影响植物。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“This wrk casts new light n a new rle f the circadian clck in adapting plants t cmpetitin with ther plants in their envirnments.(这项工作揭示了生物钟在植物适应环境中与其他植物竞争中的新作用)”可知，根据安东尼·多德教授的说法，生物钟影响植物对生存竞争的适应性。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Scientists have discvered hw plants manage t live alngside each ther in places that are dark and shady.(科学家们已经发现了植物是如何在黑暗和阴凉的地方共存的)”可知，本文主要介绍了科学家们已经发现了植物是如何在黑暗和阴凉的地方共存的，因此作者写作本文的目的是介绍一个有关植物的新发现。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In the eras befre air-cnditining, suthern China’s skywells played a key rle in keeping peple’s hmes cl. Culd they d it again tday?
Ru Ling lves spending time in skywells. T her, these curtyards f ld Chinese huses are the perfect place t be n a ht and humid day. “____16____” says Ru.
Frm 2014 t 2021, Ru lived in a century-ld hme in the village f Guanlu in eastern China’s Anhui Prvince. She mved there fr a change f life after living and wrking in air-cnditined buildings fr many years. Ru says that the huse’s skywell helped t create this cling effect. ____17____ Studies have fund that the temperatures inside sme f the skywells in suthern China are significantly lwer than the utside.
In tday’s China, fewer and fewer peple live in huses with skywells. ____18____ But a revival f interest in traditinal Chinese architecture is leading sme histric buildings with skywells t be restred fr mdern times. ____19____
A skywell is a typical feature f a traditinal hme in suthern and eastern China. Different frm a nrthern Chinese curtyard, a skywell is smaller and less expsed t the utdr envirnment. ____20____ It is either surrunded by rms n fur sides r three sides plus a wall. Sme large huses have mre than ne skywell.
A. Skywells can help keep the huses cl.
B. Air-cnditined flats are the main frm f hmes.
C. Meanwhile, sme architects are drawing inspiratin frm skywells and ther traditinal Chinese architectural features t help keep new buildings cler.
D. Althugh a skywell’s size and design vary frm regin t regin, it is almst always lcated in the cre f a huse.
E. While skywells are cmmn in many regins, nly the rich can affrd t build huses with them.
F. And she’s nt alne in praising the benefits f skywells in ht weather.
G. They are airy, cl, and well-shaded.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代住宅中的天井，它让住宅在炎热的夏季保持凉爽，给予了现代建筑设计一定的启发，虽然它的大小和设计因地区而异，但它几乎总是位于房屋的核心。
【16题详解】
前文“Ru Ling lves spending time in skywells. T her, these curtyards f ld Chinese huses are the perfect place t be n a ht and humid day. (茹玲喜欢待在天井里。对她来说，这些中国老房子的庭院是炎热潮湿的日子里的完美去处)”介绍了茹玲对于天井的喜爱，因此G项“They are airy, cl, and well-shaded. (它们通风、凉爽、阴凉)”符合语境，说明天井在炎热潮湿的日子里起到良好的效果，解释了前文她喜欢待在天井里的原因，其中的“airy, cl, and well-shaded”和前文的“n a ht and humid day”相对。故选G。
【17题详解】
前文“Ru says that the huse’s skywell helped t create this cling effect. (茹说，房子的天井有助于产生这种冷却效果)”描述茹玲对天井的称赞，后文“Studies have fund that the temperatures inside sme f the skywells in suthern China are significantly lwer than the utside. (研究发现，中国南方一些天井的内部温度明显低于外部温度)”说明天井的降温效果是被研究证实了的，因此F项“And she’s nt alne in praising the benefits f skywells, in ht weather. (在炎热的天气里，她并不是唯一一个称赞天井好处的人)”符合语境，指出很多人都称赞天井，承接前文，后文的研究发现是对天井好处的支撑，其中的“she”指代前文的“Ru”。故选F。
【18题详解】
前文“In tday’s China, fewer and fewer peple live in huses with skywells. (在今天的中国，越来越少的人住在有天井的房子里)”介绍今天中国人对居住空间的选择，因此B项“Air-cnditined flats are the main frm f hmes. (有空调的公寓是住宅的主要形式)”符合语境，指出更多人选择有空调的公寓，承接前文。故选B。
【19题详解】
前文“But a revival f interest in traditinal Chinese architecture is leading sme histric buildings with skywells t be restred fr mdern times. (但随着人们对中国传统建筑兴趣的复兴，一些带有天井的历史建筑被修复为现代建筑)”说明有些带有天井的历史建筑得以被修复，表明天井的价值得到认可，因此C项“Meanwhile, sme architects are drawing inspiratin frm skywells and ther traditinal Chinese architectural features t help keep new buildings cler. (与此同时，一些建筑师正在从天井和其他中国传统建筑特征中汲取灵感，以帮助新建筑保持凉爽)”符合语境，说明天井还为帮助新建筑保持凉爽提供了灵感，和前文是并列关系。故选C。
【20题详解】
前文“Different frm a nrthern Chinese curtyard, a skywell is smaller and less expsed t the utdr envirnment. (与中国北方的庭院不同，天井更小，更少暴露在室外环境中)”介绍天井与北方庭院的不同之处，后文“It is either surrunded by rms n fur sides r three sides plus a wall. (它不是四面被房间包围，就是被三面加一堵墙包围)”介绍天井通常的布局情况，因此D项“Althugh a skywell’s size and design vary frm regin t regin, it is almst always lcated in the cre f a huse. (虽然天井的大小和设计因地区而异，但它几乎总是位于房屋的核心)”符合语境，指出天井虽有大小和设计上的不同，但位置大致相似，承接前文的不同之处，引出后文的布局情况。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was 1994, and I was a 19-year-ld student in my third year at Western University in Lndn, Ontari. I had ____21____ a curse in the Department f English taught by ne Dnald S. Hair.
A few weeks int the class, the prfessr ____22____ ur first test. I didn’t think I had anything t wrry abut—until he handed my exam back the fllwing week with a 67 written n it in red ink.
Sixty-seven! I’d never received such a lw mark. I was dependent n a ____23____, and any grade belw 80 put my future in truble. My seatmate’s annyed expressin suggested her mark had been painful t. We ____24____ silently: Prfessr Hair was an ld weird! Hw dare he ____25____ ur GPAs? What was the ld by’s prblem, anyway?
But the real prblem was this: He was right. I knew it as sn as I’d ____26____ ff and taken the time t digest his ____27____ . My writing was careless, my understanding f key cncepts ____28____ . Like many f my partners, I was used t earning tp grades. Nw, fr the first time, a teacher had intrduced an uncmfrtable questin. Were we actually “____29____” them?
The next day, I went t his ffice. With burning cheeks, I tld him I knew I’d ____30____ the exam. T my childish ____31____, he wasn’t a “weird” in the least. He was funny, warm and ____32____ patient. He assured me if I wrked hard, I’d achieve my ____33____in the curse, and he’d be available t help me.
I went away, reading and reading sme mre. The mre I read, the mre interesting his classes became, and sn, his cmplex, absrbing lectures were the ____34____ f my week. I spared n effrt in that curse. The grade I earned in his class was the lwest I’d received that year. But I had earned that grade. Nearly 30 years later, I’m still ____35____ f that.
21.
A. checked inB. registered frC. lgged nD. tk up
22.
A. tkB. specifiedC. clarifiedD. administered
23.
A. schlarshipB. screC. markD. grade
24.
A. whistledB. reslvedC. angeredD. surveyed
25.
A. drillB. ruinC. triggerD. alarm
26.
A. cledB. drppedC. tkD. brken
27.
A. authenticityB. fairnessC. cmplaintD. cmments
28.
A. shallwB. dramaticC. severeD. resistant
29.
A. passingB. pssessingC. earningD. hlding
30.
A. transfrmedB. vertakenC. failedD. butchered
31.
A. surpriseB. curisityC. cnfusinD. regret
32.
A. unavidablyB. uncmmnlyC. inevitablyD. instrumentally
33.
A. cmpnentB. ptentialC. submissinD. reputatin
34.
A. pursuitB. dismissalC. highlightD. criterin
35.
A. shyB. suspiciusC. guiltyD. prud
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在大三那年遇到一位教授给作者的文章低分。经过反思，作者找出了自己的症结并得到教授的帮助从而不断努力获得了理想的分数的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在英语系注册了一门由Dnald S. Hair教授的课程。A. checked in入住；B. registered fr注册；C. lgged n登录；D. tk up拿起，从事。根据后文“a curse in the Department f English”指注册课程，应用register fr。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：上课几周后，教授给我们进行了第一次测试。A. tk带走；B. specified指定；C. clarified澄清；D. administered执行，实施。根据后文“I didn’t think I had anything t wrry abut—until he handed my exam back the fllwing week with a 67 written n it in red ink.(我不认为我有什么可担心的——直到第二周他把试卷交给我，试卷上用红墨水写着67分)”此处指进行测试，应用动词administer。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我依靠奖学金生活，任何低于80分的分数都会给我的未来带来麻烦。A. schlarship奖学金；B. scre分数；C. mark标记；D. grade成绩。根据后文“and any grade belw 80 put my future in truble”提到低于80分会给作者的未来带来麻烦，推测分数与奖学金挂钩，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们默默地愤怒：Hair教授是个怪老头！A. whistled吹口哨；B. reslved解决；C. angered生气；D. surveyed调查。根据上文“My seatmate’s annyed expressin suggested her mark had been painful t.(我邻座恼火的表情表明她的分数也很痛苦)”可知，同学和作者都对教授打低分感到生气。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他怎么敢毁了我们的成绩？A. drill演习；B. ruin毁灭；C. trigger引发；D. alarm警报。根据上文“I didn’t think I had anything t wrry abut—until he handed my exam back the fllwing week with a 67 written n it in red ink. Sixty-seven! I’d never received such a lw mark.(我不认为我有什么可担心的——直到第二周他把试卷交给我，试卷上用红墨水写着67分。67！我从来没有得到过这么低的分数)”指打低分会毁了他们的成绩。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一冷静下来花时间消化他的评论就知道了。A. cled冷却，冷静；B. drpped落下；C. tk带走；D. brken打破。根据上文“But the real prblem was this: He was right.(但真正的问题是：他是对的)”可知，作者一开始很生气，冷静下来发现教授的低分是正确的。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一冷静下来花时间消化他的评价就知道了。A. authenticity真实性；B. fairness公平；C. cmplaint投诉；D. cmments评价。根据后文“My writing was careless, my understanding f key cncepts”指作者看教授给自己的评价。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我写得很粗心，对关键概念的理解也很肤浅。A. shallw肤浅的；B. dramatic戏剧性的；C. severe严重的；D. resistant抵制的。根据上文“My writing was careless, my understanding f key cncepts”以及作者得了低分，可知作者的写作粗心，对关键概念的理解也很肤浅。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们真的是在“挣”分吗？A. passing通过；B. pssessing占有；C. earning赚得；D. hlding举着。呼应上文“I was used t earning tp grades.”指“挣”分。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我脸红了，告诉他我知道我弄砸了考试。A. transfrmed转变；B. vertaken超过；C. failed失败；D. butchered屠杀，弄砸。根据上文“My writing was careless, my understanding f key cncepts ”可知，考低分完全是作者自己的原因，即作者自己弄砸了考试。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，他一点也不是个“怪人”。A. surprise惊讶；B. curisity好奇；C. cnfusin困惑；D. regret后悔。上文“Prfessr Hair was an ld weird!”提到作者说教授是个怪老头，结合后文“He was funny, warm”可知，作者了解了之后才惊讶地发现他一点也不怪。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他风趣、热情，而且非常有耐心。A. unavidably不可避免地；B. uncmmnly非常，罕见地；C. inevitably不可避免地；D. instrumentally有助益地。根据上文“He was funny, warm and”此处是作者对教授的积极评价：风趣、热情，而且非常有耐心。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他向我保证，如果我努力学习，我将在课程中发挥我的潜力，他将随时帮助我。A. cmpnent组成部分；B. ptential潜能；C. submissin提交；D. reputatin名誉。根据上文“if I wrked hard, I’d achieve my”以及常识，努力学习才能发挥出潜力。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我读得越多，他的课就越有趣，很快，他那复杂而引人入胜的课就成了我一周中最精彩的部分。A. pursuit追求；B. dismissal开除；C. highlight突出部分，最精彩的部分；D. criterin标准。根据上文“The mre I read, the mre interesting his classes became”可知，作者发觉到教授的课越来越有趣，因此他的课成为了一周中最精彩的部分。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：近30年后，我仍然为此感到自豪。A. shy害羞的；B. suspicius怀疑的；C. guilty内疚的；D. prud骄傲的。根据上文“I spared n effrt in that curse. The grade I earned in his class was the lwest I’d received that year. But I had earned that grade.(我在那门课上不遗余力。我在他的课上得到的分数是那一年我得到的最低分数。但这个分数是我应得的)”可知，作者虽然得了低分，但是因此专心对待学业，所以为此感到骄傲。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Walking in the hutngs (alleyways) f Beijing, if yu see a residential cmpund (建筑群) with a curtyard enclsed by the surrunding huses and walls n the fur sides, ____36____ is called a “Siheyuan” (quadrangle dwellings) .
The size f a Siheyuan was affected by the____37____ (husehld) scial status, which was reflected in the gate as well. Sme gates were painted red, while thers had dr nails, ____38____decrated with stne blcks and brass ring dr knckers.
Facing inward tward the curtyard, the surrunding huses are mstly ccupied by different members f a large family. The senir members usually live in the main huse ____39____the nrth, which has gd lighting and temperature all year rund, while the yunger generatins wuld live in ther wings by ____40____ (senir). The whle Siheyuan frms a self-cntained envirnment fr the family, creating a ____41____ (harmny) atmsphere.
Influenced by urbanizatin and scial changes, sme curtyard huses ____42____ (pull) dwn, Siheyuan becmes a precius memry f the ld Beijing city. And thse curtyard huses preserved are ften endwed with mdern features. The huses ____43____ (maintain) the riginal layut, architects have renvated the huse and added mdern living equipment ____44____ (adapt) the traditinal buildings fr cntemprary uses.
The design f the residential area f the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Village was inspired by Siheyuan. The 20 apartment buildings, arranged in a special way that create s enclsed and pen spaces, _____45_____ (surrund) six curtyards, which shws a perfect integratin f the Olympic culture and the traditinal Beijing culture.
【答案】36. it 37. husehld’s
38. bth 39. n
40. senirity
41. harmnius
42. having been pulled
43. maintaining
44. t adapt
45. surrund
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四合院的建筑特色以及历史。
【36题详解】
考查代词。句意：走在北京的胡同里，如果你看到一个院子被周围的房子和四面的墙围起来的住宅，它被称为“四合院”。此处指代上文cmpund，作主语，应用代词it。故填it。
【37题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：四合院的大小受家庭社会地位的影响，这也反映在大门上。此处husehld 与后文status为所属关系，应用名词所有格形式。故填husehld’s。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：一些大门被漆成红色，而另一些则有门钉，都用石块和黄铜环门环装饰。此处指前文提到的两类大门应用bth。故填bth。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：年长的成员通常住在北侧的主屋，那里一年四季都有良好的采光和温度，而年轻的一代则按年长者住在其他两翼。短语n the nrth表示“位于北边”。故填n。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：年长的成员通常住在北侧的主屋，那里一年四季都有良好的采光和温度，而年轻的一代则按年长者住在其他两翼。介词后跟名词senirity，作宾语。故填senirity。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：整个四合院形成了一个自给自足的家庭环境，营造出和谐的氛围。修饰名词atmsphere应用形容词harmnius。故填harmnius。
42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：受城市化和社会变迁的影响，一些四合院被拆除，四合院成为老北京的一段珍贵记忆。此处为独立主格结构，且pull与curtyard huses构成被动关系，表示动作已经完成，应用having been dne形式。故填having been pulled。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：房屋保持了原有的布局，建筑师对房屋进行了翻新，并增加了现代生活设备，使传统建筑适应现代用途。分析句子结构可知maintain与逻辑主语huses构成主动关系，故用现在分词，故填maintaining。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：房屋保持了原有的布局，建筑师对房屋进行了翻新，并增加了现代生活设备，使传统建筑适应现代用途。此处adapt在句中表目的，故为不定式。故填t adapt。
45题详解】
考查时态。句意：20栋公寓以特殊的方式排列，形成封闭和开放的空间，围绕六个庭院，展示了奥林匹克文化与传统北京文化的完美结合。此处缺主句谓语，又根据which从句中动词时态推断此处应为一般现在时，主语为buildings，谓语用原形。故填surrund。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你们学校的英语社举办了一期以新兴的智能聊天机器人程序“ChatGPT”为主题的征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1.对ChatGPT的介绍；
2.阐述其利弊；
3.给同学们的使用建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：增强交流 enhance cmmunicatin；信息获取 infrmatin access
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】【参考范文1】
The prs and cns f ChatGPT
ChatGPT, a grundbreaking AI chatbt, has attracted the wrld with its remarkable ability t simulate human cnversatin.
Capable f cmplex dialgues and generating cherent respnses, it ffers limitless pssibilities fr enhancing cmmunicatin and infrmatin access. Hwever, as with any pwerful tl, there are ptential dwnsides t ChatGPT’s rise. Its unchecked misuse culd lead t the chas f infrmatin, while its ver dependence culd blck critical thinking and creativity.
Therefre, it’s crucial t apprach ChatGPT with cautin and use it as a tl t enhance ur knwledge, nt t replace ur critical thinking.
【参考范文 2】
The prs and cns f ChatGPT
ChatGPT, a revlutinary AI chatbt, has captivated the wrld with its remarkable ability t simulate human cnversatin.
Hwever, like any pwerful tl, it als pses significant threats that must be recgnized. The primary advantage f ChatGPT lies in its ability t instantly prvide infrmatin and pinins. Yet, the drawbacks f ChatGPT are als cncerning. It may generate false infrmatin which can be misleading. Additinally, the AI may encurage laziness in critical thinking, as it prvides ready-made answers, remving the need fr persnal analysis.
T make the mst f ChatGPT, we must apprach it with cautin. Mst imprtantly, dn’t let the AI d yur thinking and use it as a tl t stimulate yur wn critical thinking and creativity.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇主题为“ChatGPT”的短文投稿，介绍ChatGPT、阐述其利弊、给同学们提出使用建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
吸引：attract→appeal t
无限的：limitless→bundless/infinite
缺点：dwnside→disadvantage
导致：lead t→result in/cause
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Capable f cmplex dialgues and generating cherent respnses, it ffers limitless pssibilities fr enhancing cmmunicatin and infrmatin access.
拓展句：It is capable f cmplex dialgues and generating cherent respnses, ffering limitless pssibilities fr enhancing cmmunicatin and infrmatin access.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Its unchecked misuse culd lead t the chas f infrmatin, while its ver dependence culd blck critical thinking and creativity. (使用了while连接表对比的并列句)
【高分句型2】Therefre, it’s crucial t apprach ChatGPT with cautin and use it as a tl t enhance ur knwledge, nt t replace ur critical thinking.(使用了it作形式主语、不定式作真正主语的句型，还使用了不定式作目的状语)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In a small Chinese village, there was a yung girl named Mei wh had a dream f becming a teacher. Despite her lve fr learning and eagerness t help her classmates, she had t drp ut f schl due t her family’s pverty.
One day, a vlunteer teacher named Ms. Wang came t the village. Learning abut Mei’s situatin, she ffered t pay fr Mei’s educatin. Mei, thrilled with this pprtunity, wrked hard t imprve her grades.
With Ms. Wang’s guidance, Mei applied t a prestigius university and was accepted. During her time at the university, she faced many challenges, but she never gave up. She received schlarships and participated in extracurricular activities, making new friends and grwing as a persn.
After graduatin, Mei returned t her hmetwn as a teacher, determined t make a difference. She created innvative teaching methds and inspired her students t dream big, prviding them with the supprt they needed t succeed. Mei’s dedicatin and passin fr teaching inspired her students, and she became a rle mdel fr many in the village.
Mei’s reputatin as an utstanding teacher spread, and she received supprt frm the villagers. They pled their resurces and built a new schl fr Mei and her students. Mei’s stry tuched many hearts, demnstrating the pwer f perseverance, dedicatin, and the impact that ne persn can have n the wrld.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As Mei cntinued t make a difference in the lives f her students, her impact expanded beynd the village.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mei’s wrk gained recgnitin, and she received awards fr her dedicatin.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】【参考范文】
As Mei cntinued t make a difference in the lives f her students, her impact expanded beynd the village. She funded an rganizatin dedicated t imprving educatin in rural areas, prviding resurces and supprt t teachers and students in underserved cmmunities. Mei’s visin was t ensure that every child, regardless f their backgrund, had access t quality educatin.
Mei’s wrk gained recgnitin, and she received awards fr her dedicatin. She became an educatin her and a champin fr rural children. Her stry inspired cuntless thers t take actin and make a difference in their wn cmmunities. It als lives n thrugh the lives f the students she tuched and the cmmunities she helped t imprve, serving as a cnstant reminder f the pwer f educatin and the ptential fr change that lies within each individual.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，以人物为线索。一个叫梅的年轻女孩由于家庭贫困而辍学，但在一位姓王的支教老师的资助下，她完成了学业。毕业后，梅回到家乡当老师，她的奉献精神和对教学的热情鼓舞了她的学生。她成为村里人的榜样，并且村民们集中资源为梅和她的学生们建了一所新学校。她还成立了一个致力于乡村教育的机构。她的故事激励了无数人，产生了积极的影响。
【详解】1. 续写线索：
①由续写第一段首句“随着梅继续改变她的学生们的生活，她的影响扩展到了村庄之外。”可知，第一段可以描写她通过创立一个组织来为乡村教育做贡献，帮助那些教育资源落后的地区的师生。
②由续写第二段首句“梅的工作得到了肯定，她的奉献精神也得到了奖励。”可知，第二段可以描写她的故事激励了许多人，产生了积极的影响。
2. 段落续写：梅的影响扩展到了村外——创建一个教育组织提升农村教育——她的工作获得了回报——她的故事激励了许多人，产生了积极影响
3. 词汇激活：
行为类
①成立：fund/establish/set up
②提升：imprve/enhance
③确保：ensure/make sure/guarantee
④激励：inspire/encurage/
状态类
①致力于：dedicated t/devted t
②充当：serve as/act as
【点睛】【高分句型1】She funded an rganizatin dedicated t imprving educatin in rural areas, prviding resurces and supprt t teachers and students in underserved cmmunities.(使用了形容词短语作后置定语、动名词短语作宾语)
【高分句型2】It als lives n thrugh the lives f the students she tuched and the cmmunities she helped t imprve, serving as a cnstant reminder f the pwer f educatin and the ptential fr change that lies within each individual. (使用了省略关系词的定语从句、不定式作宾语、现在分词短语作状语)
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why hasn’t the man taken a pht f the twer?
A. The fg is thick. B. The twer is t far. C. The camera is brken.
2. Hw des Sarah sund?
A. Cntent. B. Wrried. C. Cnfused.
3. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Hst and interviewee.
B. Waiter and custmer.
C. Shp assistant and manager.
4. Where are the speakers?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a bank. C. In a htel.
5. What d we knw abut Jhn?
A. He rides a bicycle t schl.
B. He plans t read a nvel.
C. He ften wrks ut.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6 What is the wman ding?
A. Asking fr the dinner arrangements.
B. Preparing fr dinner.
C. Welcming the guests.
7. Hw des the wman sund?
A. Nervus. B. Impatient. C. Cnfident.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why des the wman talk t the man?
A. T ask fr help. B. T issue an invitatin. C. T shw her plan.
9. What will the man d?
A. Attend the party.
B. Prepare sme fried chicken.
C. Study fr the whle weekend.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What cncerns the man?
A. The impact f practising n his mther.
B. The chance f lsing the cmpetitin.
C. The lack f a prper teacher t guide him.
11. Hw will the wman help the man?
A. By helping him chse a piece f music.
B. By finding a place fr practising.
C. By practising the pian with him.
12. What can we learn abut the man?
A. His mther wns a music stre.
B. He is ging t turn t his aunt.
C. He plays the pian well.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When was the Wrld Wild Fund fr Nature set up?
A. In 1916. B. In 1961. C. In 1969.
14. What des the Audubn Sciety wrk t prtect?
A. Birds. B. Frests. C. Sea animals.
15. What is the Audubn Sciety named after?
A. An artist. B. An animal. C. A city.
16. What d we knw abut the Wilderness Sciety?
A. Its head ffice is in New Yrk.
B. It has 18 ffices in the US.
C. It fcuses n the natural envirnment f the US.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did it rain last time in Juárez?
A. Three days ag. B. A mnth ag. C. A year ag.
18. What seasn is it nw in Juárez?
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn.
19. What are ld peple advised t d?
A. Take a walk in the afternn.
B. Drink plenty f water.
C. Keep their hmes cl.
20. What will be talked abut next?
A. The preparatins fr extreme weather.
B. The weather cnditins in the future.
C. The reasn f ht weather.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Take Actin fr a Better Wrld: Vlunteers Needed
Six mnths’ preparatin in Denmark: Africa studies, team wrk cmbined with scial wrk with risk grup teenagers.
Six mnths’ cmmunity wrk in Malawi in Peple t Peple Prjects: Child Aid, HIV/AIDS Fights and Teacher Training.
Qualificatins: 18 years ld, hard wrking and scial engagement
Please cntact us by e-mail: takeactin@ betterwrld.cm
Part-time Wrk with Exchange Students
YOUTH Internatinal is a nn-prfit high schl freign exchange student rganizatin. We welcme teenagers frm ver 80 cuntries wrldwide and prvide hst families. The Cmmunity Representative is a part-time psitin designed fr peple with a strng desire t d smething rewarding in the cmmunity and earn sme extra mney.
Applicants best suited fr this wrk shuld enjy teenagers, have a strng interest in crss-cultural cmmunicatin and feel cmfrtable netwrking. Full training and supprt will be prvided thrugh branch ffices thrughut the US. Psitins available in mst states.
If interested, please e-mail staff@yuth.rg r call 888-123-9872.
Internatinal Summer Jb
Hi, I’m an ESL student in China. I’m 20, quiet and plite, and I speak reasnable English. I’m lking fr a summer jb in an English-speaking cuntry. I can teach Chinese r d huse and garden wrk and ck Chinese dishes. Can anybdy ffer me a jb? I dn’t need t earn much, just enugh in tw mnths(July-August)t pay fr my return ticket t China. My gal is t imprve my English and see a bit mre f the wrld.
My e-mail is: ram3462@htmail.cm.
Call fr Native Speaker f English
I am lking fr native speakers f English t jin in an experiment. This experiment is carried ut ver the Internet. Yu dn’t need any specific knwledge ther than understanding and speaking English at a native level. The first task will take yu arund 15 minutes. After this task, yu can decide whether yu want t cntinue the experiment. The tasks invlve reading texts and designing questins and answers.
If yu are willing t help me, then please e-mail us: club3804@htmail.cm.
1. Where will Jack, a vlunteer, receive the training befre he is sent t wrk in Malawi?
A. In sme lcal ffices in the US.B. In an ESL rganizatin in China.
C. In an exchange student centre in Africa.D. In a preparatin prgram in Denmark.
2. Wh is mst likely t wrk as a Cmmunity Representative in YOUTH Internatinal?
A. One wh has a strng desire t imprve his r her English.
B. One wh hpes t take actin in fighting against diseases.
C. One wh enjys wrking with teenagers frm different cuntries.
D. One wh wants t earn sme pcket mney in the prgram.
3. What are vlunteers fr an experiment ver the Internet suppsed t d?
A. T prvide language exercises.B. T d sme husewrk.
C. T ffer advice n Child Aid.D. T interview peple nline.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是招聘广告，介绍了四则招聘广告Take Actin fr a Better Wrld: Vlunteers Needed、Part-time wrk with Exchange Students、Internatinal Summer Jb、Call fr Native Speaker f English的具体信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一部分中“Six mnths’ preparatin in Denmark: Africa studies, team wrk cmbined with scial wrk with risk grup teenagers.(在丹麦6个月的准备工作：非洲研究，团队合作与风险群体青少年的社会工作相结合)”可知，志愿者杰克在被派往马拉维工作之前将在丹麦参加一个准备工作。故选D。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二部分中“YOUTH Internatinal is a nn-prfit high schl freign exchange student rganizatin. We welcme teenagers frm ver 80 cuntries wrldwide and prvide hst families.(国际青年是一个非营利性的高中外国交换学生组织。我们欢迎来自全球80多个国家的青少年，并提供寄宿家庭)”可知，一个喜欢和来自不同国家的青少年一起工作的人最有可能成为国际青年组织的社区代表。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The tasks invlve reading texts and designing questins and answers.(这些任务包括阅读课文和设计问题和答案)”可知，在互联网上做实验的志愿者应该提供语言练习。故选A。
B
In March 2018, at a high schl in New Yrk, Dylan Belscher fund an ld dllar n the flr during an English class. Rather than keeping it, he turned it in t his teacher, Katie Mattisn. Mattisn, surprised by his hnesty, suggested taping it t the whitebard at the frnt f the classrm, where she always puts lst things. Maybe the dllar was lunch mney r bus fare fr the student wh drpped it.
Neither the teacher nr her student thught twice abut the dllar. Hunter Rse, then a senir, sptted the dllar n the whitebard. “There is a mystery t it,” Rse said. After class, he asked Mattisn why it was there. She was still waiting fr the riginal wner t claim it, s she replied, “I dn’t knw.” Rse tk the tape frm Mattisn’s desk and taped a secnd dllar t the bard. That gt it rlling. The sight f the tw dllar bills, side by side, stimulated smething in Mattisn’s students.
Mattisn, recgnizing a phenmenn in the making, wrte students’ initials n each bill, and she started t leave the tape n the tray f the whitebard. The effrt snwballed. Even with n specific purpse, many students wanted t be part f whatever this was. Jake Braniecki, anther senir, said everyne understd that the eventual plan fr the dllars wuld be fr “smething gd” and that their teacher “wasn’t ging t d anything stupid with the mney”. The students, amng themselves, decided Mattisn had sme unspken gal. They figured bigger dnatins culd nly help them get there faster.
Over weeks, dnatins reached $175.76. The riginal wner f the lst dllar never came frward, leaving Mattisn t decide the best slutin.
Mattisn shared the stry f her gdfather, Jack, wh died f ALS eight years prir, and his sister, Jean, wh had the same disease three years later. Jack had been married t Mattisn’s sister, Terry Stephan Hains, wh raises mney fr the ALS Therapy Develpment Institute each spring. Mattisn asked her students if she culd dnate the cllected dllars in hnr f Jack, and they respnded by taping mre mney t the bard. The students’ cntributins increased the ttal t $321.06. Mattisn, mved by their genersity, carefully tk the cash ff the bard and made the dnatin just befre Natinal ALS Awareness Mnth in May.
4. What encuraged the students t start taping dllar bills t the whitebard?
A. The teacher annunced a cash reward t the students.
B. The students wanted t buy smething fr the classrm.
C. The sight f tw dllars side by side attracted them.
D. The schl rganized a fund-raising event amng senirs.
5. Why did Mattisn write students’ initials n the dllars?
A. T award bnus pints t students based n their initials.
B. T keep track f the amunt dnated by each student.
C. As part f a secret message fr a class rm game.
D. T identify the riginal wner f the lst ld dllar.
6. What was the purpse behind taping mney t the whitebard accrding t the students?
A. T fund a schl trip fr the class.B. T figure ut the mysterius gal f the teacher.
C. T purchase new supplies fr the classrm.D. It was a schl-wide initiative fr charity.
7. Which is the best title f the passage?
A. Katie Mattisn’s Heartfelt Dnatin t ALS Awareness
B. Dylan Belscher’s Hnesty: A Dllar’s Unexpected Jurney
C. Students’ Genersity Unflds: Frm a Lst Dllar t a Meaningful ALS Dnatin
D. Classrm Activities: Lsening the Classrm Dllar Mystery
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了一个学生一次将捡到的钱贴在教室白板上的无心的行为，引发了学生们为肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症治疗发展研究所筹集资金，最终将金额累计到了321.06美元的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Neither the teacher nr her student thught twice abut the dllar. Hunter Rse, then a senir, sptted the dllar n the whitebard. “There is a mystery t it,” Rse said. After class, he asked Mattisn why it was there. She was still waiting fr the riginal wner t claim it, s she replied, “I dn’t knw.” Rse tk the tape frm Mattisn’s desk and taped a secnd dllar t the bard. That gt it rlling. The sight f the tw dllar bills, side by side, stimulated smething in Mattisn’s students. (老师和她的学生都没有多想那美元。当时大四的亨特·罗斯看到了白板上的美元。“这是一个谜，”罗斯说。下课后，他问马蒂森为什么会在那里。她还在等原主人认领，所以她回答说：“我不知道。”罗斯从马蒂森的桌子上拿起胶带，又在板子上粘了一美元。这就开始了。看到两张一美元的钞票并排在一起，马蒂森的学生心中产生了某种刺激。)”可知，学生们开始把美钞贴在白板上是因为并排的两美元吸引了他们。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Mattisn, recgnizing a phenmenn in the making, wrte students’ initials n each bill, and she started t leave the tape n the tray f the whitebard. (马蒂森意识到这种现象正在形成，于是在每张钞票上写上学生名字的首字母缩写，然后开始把胶带放在白板的托盘上。)”可知，马蒂森在美元上写上学生名字的首字母是为了记录每个学生的捐款数额。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The students, amng themselves, decided Mattisn had sme unspken gal. They figured bigger dnatins culd nly help them get there faster. (学生们都认为马蒂森有什么不可告人的目的。他们认为，更多的捐款只能帮助他们更快地实现这一目标。)”可知，学生们说把钱贴在白板上的目的是弄清老师神秘的目的。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Mattisn asked her students if she culd dnate the cllected dllars in hnr f Jack, and they respnded by taping mre mney t the bard. The students’ cntributins increased the ttal t $321.06. Mattisn, mved by their genersity, carefully tk the cash ff the bard and made the dnatin just befre Natinal ALS Awareness Mnth in May. (马蒂森问她的学生，她是否可以把收集到的钱捐给杰克，他们的回应是给董事会更多的钱。学生们的捐款总额增加到321.06美元。马蒂森被他们的慷慨感动了，他小心翼翼地从黑板上取下现金，在5月份全国ALS宣传月之前捐款。)”结合文章主要记叙了一个学生一次将捡到的钱贴在教室白板上的无心的行为，引发了学生们为肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症治疗发展研究所筹集资金，最终将金额累计到了321.06美元的故事。故选项C“学生的慷慨：从一美元到有意义的ALS捐赠”最符合文章标题。故选C。
C
A new study suggests that identical twins are nt exactly the same genetically. Identical twins are tw babies that cme frm the same fertilized egg (受精卵). Scientists in Iceland examined DNA frm 387 pairs f identical twins, their parents, children, husbands r wives. “The examinatins led the team t find early mutatins (突变) that separate identical twins,” lead researcher and geneticist Kari Stefanssn said. He is a prfessr at the University f Iceland and funder f the cmpany deCODE genetics.
Mutatins are small changes in DNA that can happen when a cell divides in an attempt t cpy itself. These small changes can influence a persn’s physical appearance r cntrl a persn’s ability t fight a disease. The newly-discvered mutatins shw that identical twins d have genetic differences, the researchers said. The results were recently published in Nature Genetics.
On average, identical twins have 5.2 f these early genetic differences, the researchers fund. But abut 15 percent f identical twin pairs have mre than that. Sme may have as many as 100 genetic differences, Stefanssn said. These differences represent a small part f each twin’s genetic material. But they culd influence why ne twin is taller r why ne is at greater risk f sme cancers than the ther.
In the past, many researchers believed physical differences seen in identical twins were related mstly t envirnmental influences, such as nutritin r lifestyle behavirs. Jan Dumanski is a geneticist at Sweden’s Uppsala University. He was nt invlved in the study. He praised the findings as a clear and imprtant cntributin t medical research. “It suggests we have t be very careful when we are using twins as a mdel fr examining the influences f genetics r the envirnment,” Dumanski said.
A 2008 paper in The American Jurnal f Human Genetics fund sme genetic differences between identical twins. The new study, hwever, ges beynd earlier wrk by including the DNA f parents, children, husbands and wives f identical twins. Studying family members permitted the researchers t examine when genetic mutatins happened in tw different kinds f cells: thse present in nly ne individual and thse passed n t the persn’s children.
Stefanssn said his team fund twins where a mutatin is present in all cells f the bdy f ne twin, but nt in the ther twin at all. “Hwever, smetimes the secnd twin may shw the mutatin in sme cells, but nt all cells,” he added. The researchers said they als fund mutatins that came abut befre the develping embry (胚胎) split in tw.
Nancy Segal is a psychlgist wh studies twins at Califrnia State University, Fullertn. She was nt invlved in the study. But she called the result “heric and really significant”. Segal added that the research is likely t persuade mre scientists t rethink the influences f genetics and envirnment n twins. “Twins are very alike, but it is nt a perfect similarity,” she said.
8. What did the examinatins f identical twins lead researchers t find?
A. A cell changes a lt in an attempt t cpy itself.
B Genetic mutatins exist in identical twins very early.
C. Mutatins can influence a persn’s physical appearance.
D. It is pssible t cntrl a persn’s ability t fight a disease.
9. What might the new research tell peple?
A. Dctrs shuld use different ways t deal with twin patients.
B. It is n use carefully examining the genetics f identical twins.
C. There may be sme better methds t distinguish identical twins.
D. It is nt just the envirnment that makes identical twins different.
10. What des Nancy Segal think f the new finding?
A. She thinks it is the perfect finding.B. She thinks it deserves rethinking.
C. She thinks it is cnfusing t thers.D. She thinks it is meaningful and imprtant.
11. What is the best title fr this passage?
A. Studies Have, Fund Ways t Influence Twins
B. There Are Differences Between Identical Twins
C. Identical Twins Are Nt Genetically Exact Cpies
D. Identical Twins Cme, frm the Same Fertilized Egg
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现同卵双胞胎并非基因完全相同，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的有关发现。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The examinatins led the team t find early mutatins (突变) that separate identical twins(通过这些检查，研究小组发现了区分同卵双胞胎的早期突变)”可知，对同卵双胞胎的检查让研究人员发现基因突变很早就存在于同卵双胞胎中。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“But they culd influence why ne twin is taller r why ne is at greater risk f sme cancers than the ther.(但它们可能会影响双胞胎中为什么一个更高，或者为什么一个比另一个患某些癌症的风险更高)”；第四段“In the past, many researchers believed physical differences seen in identical twins were related mstly t envirnmental influences, such as nutritin r lifestyle behavirs.(过去，许多研究人员认为，同卵双胞胎的身体差异主要与环境影响有关，比如营养或生活方式行为)”以及““It suggests we have t be very careful when we are using twins as a mdel fr examining the influences f genetics r the envirnment,” Dumanski said. (杜曼斯基说：“这表明，当我们把双胞胎作为研究遗传或环境影响的模型时，我们必须非常小心。”)”可知，新的研究可能告诉人们导致同卵双胞胎不同的不仅仅是环境。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nancy Segal is a psychlgist wh studies twins at Califrnia State University, Fullertn. She was nt invlved in the study. But she called the result “heric and really significant”.(南希·西格尔是加州州立大学富勒顿分校研究双胞胎的心理学家。她没有参与这项研究。但她称这一结果“英勇且意义重大”)”可知，南希·西格尔认为这项新发现有意义和重要。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第一段“A new study suggests that identical twins are nt exactly the same genetically.(一项新的研究表明，同卵双胞胎的基因并不完全相同)”可知，文章主要说明了研究发现同卵双胞胎并非基因完全相同，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的有关发现。因此C选项“同卵双胞胎并非基因完全相同”最符合文章标题。故选C。
D
Scientists have discvered hw plants manage t live alngside each ther in places that are dark and shady. Plants in the deep darkness f a thick frest, where natural supplies are nt very great in amunt, wn’t attempt t tp their neighbrs in grwth as thse in mderate (中度的) shade d. In deep shade cnditins, it wuld be a waste f energy and harmful t survival because green shts wuld never be able t tp their larger neighbrs in grwth.
S hw d plants prevent such grwth in deep shade cnditins? The secret lies in the clcks inside them, say scientists frm the Jhn Innes Centre and the University f Bristl.
They have discvered that when plants ntice deep shade, this changes the expressin f genes in certain parts f the circadian clck (昼夜节律时钟) — the internal daily time r fund in plants and ther living things. These clck cmpnents perfrm an additinal rle in preventing plants frm lengthening and ver tpping neighbrs.
The wrk identifies a previusly unknwn rle f the circadian clck in cntrlling plant develpment, and the findings may have pssible effects n bth natural plant ppulatins and crps. Prfessr Antny Ddd f the Jhn Innes Centre said, “The bilgical clck f plants plays a big part in their develpment and fitness. This wrk casts new light n a new rle f the circadian clck in adapting plants t cmpetitin with ther plants in their envirnments.” “It als gives us new insights int hw plants adapt t very deep shade, where resurces are very limited,” said Prfessr Kerry Franklin at the University f Bristl.
This wrk prvides evidence fr the stability f the circadian clck in stressful envirnments, and infrmatin that may be useful in develping new generatins f crps in a challenging climate.
12. What d plants nrmally d in mderate shade?
A. Struggle t preserve energy.B. Cmpete fr very limited resurces.
C. Try t utgrw their neighbrs.D. Depend n each ther t survive.
13. Hw des the circadian clck affect plants?
A. By changing their gene expressin.
B. By making them realize light change.
C. By helping them adapt t the darkness.
D. By cntrlling their grwth in deep shade.
14. Accrding t Prfessr Antny Ddd, which statement is TRUE?
A. The circadian clck’s rle in plant develpment remains unknwn.
B. Plants’ living envirnments are very cmpetitive.
C. The circadian clck affects plants’ adaptability t survival cmpetitin.
D. Plants can adapt t very deep shade where resurces are very limited.
15. Why des the authr write the text?
A. T share a new discvery abut plants.
B. T intrduce the rle f the circadian clck.
C. T cmpare plants living in certain cnditins.
D. T explain plants’ secret f living in frests.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家们已经发现了植物是如何在黑暗和阴凉的地方共存的。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Plants in the deep darkness f a thick frest, where natural supplies are nt very great in amunt, wn’t attempt t tp their neighbrs in grwth as thse in mderate (中度的) shade d.(在茂密森林的黑暗深处，那里的自然资源不是很多，植物不会像那些在中等树荫下的植物那样，试图在生长上超过它们的邻居)”可知，在中度阴暗的环境中，植物试图比其邻居长得高。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“S hw d plants prevent such grwth in deep shade cnditins? The secret lies in the clcks inside them (那么植物是如何在阴暗处防止这种生长的呢？秘密就在它们里面的时钟里)”和第三段中的“These clck cmpnents perfrm an additinal rle in preventing plants frm lengthening and ver tpping neighbrs.(这些时钟组件在防止植物伸长和超过邻居方面起着额外的作用)”可知，生物钟通过控制它们在阴凉处的生长影响植物。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“This wrk casts new light n a new rle f the circadian clck in adapting plants t cmpetitin with ther plants in their envirnments.(这项工作揭示了生物钟在植物适应环境中与其他植物竞争中的新作用)”可知，根据安东尼·多德教授的说法，生物钟影响植物对生存竞争的适应性。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Scientists have discvered hw plants manage t live alngside each ther in places that are dark and shady.(科学家们已经发现了植物是如何在黑暗和阴凉的地方共存的)”可知，本文主要介绍了科学家们已经发现了植物是如何在黑暗和阴凉的地方共存的，因此作者写作本文的目的是介绍一个有关植物的新发现。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In the eras befre air-cnditining, suthern China’s skywells played a key rle in keeping peple’s hmes cl. Culd they d it again tday?
Ru Ling lves spending time in skywells. T her, these curtyards f ld Chinese huses are the perfect place t be n a ht and humid day. “____16____” says Ru.
Frm 2014 t 2021, Ru lived in a century-ld hme in the village f Guanlu in eastern China’s Anhui Prvince. She mved there fr a change f life after living and wrking in air-cnditined buildings fr many years. Ru says that the huse’s skywell helped t create this cling effect. ____17____ Studies have fund that the temperatures inside sme f the skywells in suthern China are significantly lwer than the utside.
In tday’s China, fewer and fewer peple live in huses with skywells. ____18____ But a revival f interest in traditinal Chinese architecture is leading sme histric buildings with skywells t be restred fr mdern times. ____19____
A skywell is a typical feature f a traditinal hme in suthern and eastern China. Different frm a nrthern Chinese curtyard, a skywell is smaller and less expsed t the utdr envirnment. ____20____ It is either surrunded by rms n fur sides r three sides plus a wall. Sme large huses have mre than ne skywell.
A. Skywells can help keep the huses cl.
B. Air-cnditined flats are the main frm f hmes.
C. Meanwhile, sme architects are drawing inspiratin frm skywells and ther traditinal Chinese architectural features t help keep new buildings cler.
D. Althugh a skywell’s size and design vary frm regin t regin, it is almst always lcated in the cre f a huse.
E. While skywells are cmmn in many regins, nly the rich can affrd t build huses with them.
F. And she’s nt alne in praising the benefits f skywells in ht weather.
G. They are airy, cl, and well-shaded.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代住宅中的天井，它让住宅在炎热的夏季保持凉爽，给予了现代建筑设计一定的启发，虽然它的大小和设计因地区而异，但它几乎总是位于房屋的核心。
【16题详解】
前文“Ru Ling lves spending time in skywells. T her, these curtyards f ld Chinese huses are the perfect place t be n a ht and humid day. (茹玲喜欢待在天井里。对她来说，这些中国老房子的庭院是炎热潮湿的日子里的完美去处)”介绍了茹玲对于天井的喜爱，因此G项“They are airy, cl, and well-shaded. (它们通风、凉爽、阴凉)”符合语境，说明天井在炎热潮湿的日子里起到良好的效果，解释了前文她喜欢待在天井里的原因，其中的“airy, cl, and well-shaded”和前文的“n a ht and humid day”相对。故选G。
【17题详解】
前文“Ru says that the huse’s skywell helped t create this cling effect. (茹说，房子的天井有助于产生这种冷却效果)”描述茹玲对天井的称赞，后文“Studies have fund that the temperatures inside sme f the skywells in suthern China are significantly lwer than the utside. (研究发现，中国南方一些天井的内部温度明显低于外部温度)”说明天井的降温效果是被研究证实了的，因此F项“And she’s nt alne in praising the benefits f skywells, in ht weather. (在炎热的天气里，她并不是唯一一个称赞天井好处的人)”符合语境，指出很多人都称赞天井，承接前文，后文的研究发现是对天井好处的支撑，其中的“she”指代前文的“Ru”。故选F。
【18题详解】
前文“In tday’s China, fewer and fewer peple live in huses with skywells. (在今天的中国，越来越少的人住在有天井的房子里)”介绍今天中国人对居住空间的选择，因此B项“Air-cnditined flats are the main frm f hmes. (有空调的公寓是住宅的主要形式)”符合语境，指出更多人选择有空调的公寓，承接前文。故选B。
【19题详解】
前文“But a revival f interest in traditinal Chinese architecture is leading sme histric buildings with skywells t be restred fr mdern times. (但随着人们对中国传统建筑兴趣的复兴，一些带有天井的历史建筑被修复为现代建筑)”说明有些带有天井的历史建筑得以被修复，表明天井的价值得到认可，因此C项“Meanwhile, sme architects are drawing inspiratin frm skywells and ther traditinal Chinese architectural features t help keep new buildings cler. (与此同时，一些建筑师正在从天井和其他中国传统建筑特征中汲取灵感，以帮助新建筑保持凉爽)”符合语境，说明天井还为帮助新建筑保持凉爽提供了灵感，和前文是并列关系。故选C。
【20题详解】
前文“Different frm a nrthern Chinese curtyard, a skywell is smaller and less expsed t the utdr envirnment. (与中国北方的庭院不同，天井更小，更少暴露在室外环境中)”介绍天井与北方庭院的不同之处，后文“It is either surrunded by rms n fur sides r three sides plus a wall. (它不是四面被房间包围，就是被三面加一堵墙包围)”介绍天井通常的布局情况，因此D项“Althugh a skywell’s size and design vary frm regin t regin, it is almst always lcated in the cre f a huse. (虽然天井的大小和设计因地区而异，但它几乎总是位于房屋的核心)”符合语境，指出天井虽有大小和设计上的不同，但位置大致相似，承接前文的不同之处，引出后文的布局情况。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was 1994, and I was a 19-year-ld student in my third year at Western University in Lndn, Ontari. I had ____21____ a curse in the Department f English taught by ne Dnald S. Hair.
A few weeks int the class, the prfessr ____22____ ur first test. I didn’t think I had anything t wrry abut—until he handed my exam back the fllwing week with a 67 written n it in red ink.
Sixty-seven! I’d never received such a lw mark. I was dependent n a ____23____, and any grade belw 80 put my future in truble. My seatmate’s annyed expressin suggested her mark had been painful t. We ____24____ silently: Prfessr Hair was an ld weird! Hw dare he ____25____ ur GPAs? What was the ld by’s prblem, anyway?
But the real prblem was this: He was right. I knew it as sn as I’d ____26____ ff and taken the time t digest his ____27____ . My writing was careless, my understanding f key cncepts ____28____ . Like many f my partners, I was used t earning tp grades. Nw, fr the first time, a teacher had intrduced an uncmfrtable questin. Were we actually “____29____” them?
The next day, I went t his ffice. With burning cheeks, I tld him I knew I’d ____30____ the exam. T my childish ____31____, he wasn’t a “weird” in the least. He was funny, warm and ____32____ patient. He assured me if I wrked hard, I’d achieve my ____33____in the curse, and he’d be available t help me.
I went away, reading and reading sme mre. The mre I read, the mre interesting his classes became, and sn, his cmplex, absrbing lectures were the ____34____ f my week. I spared n effrt in that curse. The grade I earned in his class was the lwest I’d received that year. But I had earned that grade. Nearly 30 years later, I’m still ____35____ f that.
21.
A. checked inB. registered frC. lgged nD. tk up
22.
A. tkB. specifiedC. clarifiedD. administered
23.
A. schlarshipB. screC. markD. grade
24.
A. whistledB. reslvedC. angeredD. surveyed
25.
A. drillB. ruinC. triggerD. alarm
26.
A. cledB. drppedC. tkD. brken
27.
A. authenticityB. fairnessC. cmplaintD. cmments
28.
A. shallwB. dramaticC. severeD. resistant
29.
A. passingB. pssessingC. earningD. hlding
30.
A. transfrmedB. vertakenC. failedD. butchered
31.
A. surpriseB. curisityC. cnfusinD. regret
32.
A. unavidablyB. uncmmnlyC. inevitablyD. instrumentally
33.
A. cmpnentB. ptentialC. submissinD. reputatin
34.
A. pursuitB. dismissalC. highlightD. criterin
35.
A. shyB. suspiciusC. guiltyD. prud
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在大三那年遇到一位教授给作者的文章低分。经过反思，作者找出了自己的症结并得到教授的帮助从而不断努力获得了理想的分数的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在英语系注册了一门由Dnald S. Hair教授的课程。A. checked in入住；B. registered fr注册；C. lgged n登录；D. tk up拿起，从事。根据后文“a curse in the Department f English”指注册课程，应用register fr。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：上课几周后，教授给我们进行了第一次测试。A. tk带走；B. specified指定；C. clarified澄清；D. administered执行，实施。根据后文“I didn’t think I had anything t wrry abut—until he handed my exam back the fllwing week with a 67 written n it in red ink.(我不认为我有什么可担心的——直到第二周他把试卷交给我，试卷上用红墨水写着67分)”此处指进行测试，应用动词administer。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我依靠奖学金生活，任何低于80分的分数都会给我的未来带来麻烦。A. schlarship奖学金；B. scre分数；C. mark标记；D. grade成绩。根据后文“and any grade belw 80 put my future in truble”提到低于80分会给作者的未来带来麻烦，推测分数与奖学金挂钩，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们默默地愤怒：Hair教授是个怪老头！A. whistled吹口哨；B. reslved解决；C. angered生气；D. surveyed调查。根据上文“My seatmate’s annyed expressin suggested her mark had been painful t.(我邻座恼火的表情表明她的分数也很痛苦)”可知，同学和作者都对教授打低分感到生气。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他怎么敢毁了我们的成绩？A. drill演习；B. ruin毁灭；C. trigger引发；D. alarm警报。根据上文“I didn’t think I had anything t wrry abut—until he handed my exam back the fllwing week with a 67 written n it in red ink. Sixty-seven! I’d never received such a lw mark.(我不认为我有什么可担心的——直到第二周他把试卷交给我，试卷上用红墨水写着67分。67！我从来没有得到过这么低的分数)”指打低分会毁了他们的成绩。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一冷静下来花时间消化他的评论就知道了。A. cled冷却，冷静；B. drpped落下；C. tk带走；D. brken打破。根据上文“But the real prblem was this: He was right.(但真正的问题是：他是对的)”可知，作者一开始很生气，冷静下来发现教授的低分是正确的。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一冷静下来花时间消化他的评价就知道了。A. authenticity真实性；B. fairness公平；C. cmplaint投诉；D. cmments评价。根据后文“My writing was careless, my understanding f key cncepts”指作者看教授给自己的评价。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我写得很粗心，对关键概念的理解也很肤浅。A. shallw肤浅的；B. dramatic戏剧性的；C. severe严重的；D. resistant抵制的。根据上文“My writing was careless, my understanding f key cncepts”以及作者得了低分，可知作者的写作粗心，对关键概念的理解也很肤浅。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们真的是在“挣”分吗？A. passing通过；B. pssessing占有；C. earning赚得；D. hlding举着。呼应上文“I was used t earning tp grades.”指“挣”分。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我脸红了，告诉他我知道我弄砸了考试。A. transfrmed转变；B. vertaken超过；C. failed失败；D. butchered屠杀，弄砸。根据上文“My writing was careless, my understanding f key cncepts ”可知，考低分完全是作者自己的原因，即作者自己弄砸了考试。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，他一点也不是个“怪人”。A. surprise惊讶；B. curisity好奇；C. cnfusin困惑；D. regret后悔。上文“Prfessr Hair was an ld weird!”提到作者说教授是个怪老头，结合后文“He was funny, warm”可知，作者了解了之后才惊讶地发现他一点也不怪。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他风趣、热情，而且非常有耐心。A. unavidably不可避免地；B. uncmmnly非常，罕见地；C. inevitably不可避免地；D. instrumentally有助益地。根据上文“He was funny, warm and”此处是作者对教授的积极评价：风趣、热情，而且非常有耐心。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他向我保证，如果我努力学习，我将在课程中发挥我的潜力，他将随时帮助我。A. cmpnent组成部分；B. ptential潜能；C. submissin提交；D. reputatin名誉。根据上文“if I wrked hard, I’d achieve my”以及常识，努力学习才能发挥出潜力。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我读得越多，他的课就越有趣，很快，他那复杂而引人入胜的课就成了我一周中最精彩的部分。A. pursuit追求；B. dismissal开除；C. highlight突出部分，最精彩的部分；D. criterin标准。根据上文“The mre I read, the mre interesting his classes became”可知，作者发觉到教授的课越来越有趣，因此他的课成为了一周中最精彩的部分。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：近30年后，我仍然为此感到自豪。A. shy害羞的；B. suspicius怀疑的；C. guilty内疚的；D. prud骄傲的。根据上文“I spared n effrt in that curse. The grade I earned in his class was the lwest I’d received that year. But I had earned that grade.(我在那门课上不遗余力。我在他的课上得到的分数是那一年我得到的最低分数。但这个分数是我应得的)”可知，作者虽然得了低分，但是因此专心对待学业，所以为此感到骄傲。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Walking in the hutngs (alleyways) f Beijing, if yu see a residential cmpund (建筑群) with a curtyard enclsed by the surrunding huses and walls n the fur sides, ____36____ is called a “Siheyuan” (quadrangle dwellings) .
The size f a Siheyuan was affected by the____37____ (husehld) scial status, which was reflected in the gate as well. Sme gates were painted red, while thers had dr nails, ____38____decrated with stne blcks and brass ring dr knckers.
Facing inward tward the curtyard, the surrunding huses are mstly ccupied by different members f a large family. The senir members usually live in the main huse ____39____the nrth, which has gd lighting and temperature all year rund, while the yunger generatins wuld live in ther wings by ____40____ (senir). The whle Siheyuan frms a self-cntained envirnment fr the family, creating a ____41____ (harmny) atmsphere.
Influenced by urbanizatin and scial changes, sme curtyard huses ____42____ (pull) dwn, Siheyuan becmes a precius memry f the ld Beijing city. And thse curtyard huses preserved are ften endwed with mdern features. The huses ____43____ (maintain) the riginal layut, architects have renvated the huse and added mdern living equipment ____44____ (adapt) the traditinal buildings fr cntemprary uses.
The design f the residential area f the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Village was inspired by Siheyuan. The 20 apartment buildings, arranged in a special way that create s enclsed and pen spaces, _____45_____ (surrund) six curtyards, which shws a perfect integratin f the Olympic culture and the traditinal Beijing culture.
【答案】36. it 37. husehld’s
38. bth 39. n
40. senirity
41. harmnius
42. having been pulled
43. maintaining
44. t adapt
45. surrund
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四合院的建筑特色以及历史。
【36题详解】
考查代词。句意：走在北京的胡同里，如果你看到一个院子被周围的房子和四面的墙围起来的住宅，它被称为“四合院”。此处指代上文cmpund，作主语，应用代词it。故填it。
【37题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：四合院的大小受家庭社会地位的影响，这也反映在大门上。此处husehld 与后文status为所属关系，应用名词所有格形式。故填husehld’s。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：一些大门被漆成红色，而另一些则有门钉，都用石块和黄铜环门环装饰。此处指前文提到的两类大门应用bth。故填bth。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：年长的成员通常住在北侧的主屋，那里一年四季都有良好的采光和温度，而年轻的一代则按年长者住在其他两翼。短语n the nrth表示“位于北边”。故填n。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：年长的成员通常住在北侧的主屋，那里一年四季都有良好的采光和温度，而年轻的一代则按年长者住在其他两翼。介词后跟名词senirity，作宾语。故填senirity。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：整个四合院形成了一个自给自足的家庭环境，营造出和谐的氛围。修饰名词atmsphere应用形容词harmnius。故填harmnius。
42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：受城市化和社会变迁的影响，一些四合院被拆除，四合院成为老北京的一段珍贵记忆。此处为独立主格结构，且pull与curtyard huses构成被动关系，表示动作已经完成，应用having been dne形式。故填having been pulled。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：房屋保持了原有的布局，建筑师对房屋进行了翻新，并增加了现代生活设备，使传统建筑适应现代用途。分析句子结构可知maintain与逻辑主语huses构成主动关系，故用现在分词，故填maintaining。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：房屋保持了原有的布局，建筑师对房屋进行了翻新，并增加了现代生活设备，使传统建筑适应现代用途。此处adapt在句中表目的，故为不定式。故填t adapt。
45题详解】
考查时态。句意：20栋公寓以特殊的方式排列，形成封闭和开放的空间，围绕六个庭院，展示了奥林匹克文化与传统北京文化的完美结合。此处缺主句谓语，又根据which从句中动词时态推断此处应为一般现在时，主语为buildings，谓语用原形。故填surrund。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你们学校的英语社举办了一期以新兴的智能聊天机器人程序“ChatGPT”为主题的征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1.对ChatGPT的介绍；
2.阐述其利弊；
3.给同学们的使用建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：增强交流 enhance cmmunicatin；信息获取 infrmatin access
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】【参考范文1】
The prs and cns f ChatGPT
ChatGPT, a grundbreaking AI chatbt, has attracted the wrld with its remarkable ability t simulate human cnversatin.
Capable f cmplex dialgues and generating cherent respnses, it ffers limitless pssibilities fr enhancing cmmunicatin and infrmatin access. Hwever, as with any pwerful tl, there are ptential dwnsides t ChatGPT’s rise. Its unchecked misuse culd lead t the chas f infrmatin, while its ver dependence culd blck critical thinking and creativity.
Therefre, it’s crucial t apprach ChatGPT with cautin and use it as a tl t enhance ur knwledge, nt t replace ur critical thinking.
【参考范文 2】
The prs and cns f ChatGPT
ChatGPT, a revlutinary AI chatbt, has captivated the wrld with its remarkable ability t simulate human cnversatin.
Hwever, like any pwerful tl, it als pses significant threats that must be recgnized. The primary advantage f ChatGPT lies in its ability t instantly prvide infrmatin and pinins. Yet, the drawbacks f ChatGPT are als cncerning. It may generate false infrmatin which can be misleading. Additinally, the AI may encurage laziness in critical thinking, as it prvides ready-made answers, remving the need fr persnal analysis.
T make the mst f ChatGPT, we must apprach it with cautin. Mst imprtantly, dn’t let the AI d yur thinking and use it as a tl t stimulate yur wn critical thinking and creativity.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇主题为“ChatGPT”的短文投稿，介绍ChatGPT、阐述其利弊、给同学们提出使用建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
吸引：attract→appeal t
无限的：limitless→bundless/infinite
缺点：dwnside→disadvantage
导致：lead t→result in/cause
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Capable f cmplex dialgues and generating cherent respnses, it ffers limitless pssibilities fr enhancing cmmunicatin and infrmatin access.
拓展句：It is capable f cmplex dialgues and generating cherent respnses, ffering limitless pssibilities fr enhancing cmmunicatin and infrmatin access.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Its unchecked misuse culd lead t the chas f infrmatin, while its ver dependence culd blck critical thinking and creativity. (使用了while连接表对比的并列句)
【高分句型2】Therefre, it’s crucial t apprach ChatGPT with cautin and use it as a tl t enhance ur knwledge, nt t replace ur critical thinking.(使用了it作形式主语、不定式作真正主语的句型，还使用了不定式作目的状语)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In a small Chinese village, there was a yung girl named Mei wh had a dream f becming a teacher. Despite her lve fr learning and eagerness t help her classmates, she had t drp ut f schl due t her family’s pverty.
One day, a vlunteer teacher named Ms. Wang came t the village. Learning abut Mei’s situatin, she ffered t pay fr Mei’s educatin. Mei, thrilled with this pprtunity, wrked hard t imprve her grades.
With Ms. Wang’s guidance, Mei applied t a prestigius university and was accepted. During her time at the university, she faced many challenges, but she never gave up. She received schlarships and participated in extracurricular activities, making new friends and grwing as a persn.
After graduatin, Mei returned t her hmetwn as a teacher, determined t make a difference. She created innvative teaching methds and inspired her students t dream big, prviding them with the supprt they needed t succeed. Mei’s dedicatin and passin fr teaching inspired her students, and she became a rle mdel fr many in the village.
Mei’s reputatin as an utstanding teacher spread, and she received supprt frm the villagers. They pled their resurces and built a new schl fr Mei and her students. Mei’s stry tuched many hearts, demnstrating the pwer f perseverance, dedicatin, and the impact that ne persn can have n the wrld.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As Mei cntinued t make a difference in the lives f her students, her impact expanded beynd the village.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mei’s wrk gained recgnitin, and she received awards fr her dedicatin.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】【参考范文】
As Mei cntinued t make a difference in the lives f her students, her impact expanded beynd the village. She funded an rganizatin dedicated t imprving educatin in rural areas, prviding resurces and supprt t teachers and students in underserved cmmunities. Mei’s visin was t ensure that every child, regardless f their backgrund, had access t quality educatin.
Mei’s wrk gained recgnitin, and she received awards fr her dedicatin. She became an educatin her and a champin fr rural children. Her stry inspired cuntless thers t take actin and make a difference in their wn cmmunities. It als lives n thrugh the lives f the students she tuched and the cmmunities she helped t imprve, serving as a cnstant reminder f the pwer f educatin and the ptential fr change that lies within each individual.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，以人物为线索。一个叫梅的年轻女孩由于家庭贫困而辍学，但在一位姓王的支教老师的资助下，她完成了学业。毕业后，梅回到家乡当老师，她的奉献精神和对教学的热情鼓舞了她的学生。她成为村里人的榜样，并且村民们集中资源为梅和她的学生们建了一所新学校。她还成立了一个致力于乡村教育的机构。她的故事激励了无数人，产生了积极的影响。
【详解】1. 续写线索：
①由续写第一段首句“随着梅继续改变她的学生们的生活，她的影响扩展到了村庄之外。”可知，第一段可以描写她通过创立一个组织来为乡村教育做贡献，帮助那些教育资源落后的地区的师生。
②由续写第二段首句“梅的工作得到了肯定，她的奉献精神也得到了奖励。”可知，第二段可以描写她的故事激励了许多人，产生了积极的影响。
2. 段落续写：梅的影响扩展到了村外——创建一个教育组织提升农村教育——她的工作获得了回报——她的故事激励了许多人，产生了积极影响
3. 词汇激活：
行为类
①成立：fund/establish/set up
②提升：imprve/enhance
③确保：ensure/make sure/guarantee
④激励：inspire/encurage/
状态类
①致力于：dedicated t/devted t
②充当：serve as/act as
【点睛】【高分句型1】She funded an rganizatin dedicated t imprving educatin in rural areas, prviding resurces and supprt t teachers and students in underserved cmmunities.(使用了形容词短语作后置定语、动名词短语作宾语)
【高分句型2】It als lives n thrugh the lives f the students she tuched and the cmmunities she helped t imprve, serving as a cnstant reminder f the pwer f educatin and the ptential fr change that lies within each individual. (使用了省略关系词的定语从句、不定式作宾语、现在分词短语作状语)
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