陕西省咸阳市2023届高三下学期高考模拟检测（三）英语试卷（含答案）

这是一份陕西省咸阳市2023届高三下学期高考模拟检测（三）英语试卷（含答案），共19页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

陕西省咸阳市2023届高三下学期高考模拟检测（三）英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
The Best museums in San Francisco for History Buffs
The Cable Car Museum
This museum displays hundreds of artifacts and interactive activities related to San Francisco's cable cars. Visitors can explore how cable cars were constructed, operated, and later restored during the 1970s, or a behind-the-scenes tour to look at how electricity is generated to power the cable cars. Admission is free and guided tours are available throughout the week, though the museum is closed every Monday.
Fee: Free, but donations accepted.
Address: 1201 Mason St.
Hours: 10 AM—4 PM, closed Monday.
Alcatraz Island
You've probably heard of Alcatraz, the 22-acre island about one mile off the coast of San Francisco. It's famous for serving as a prison for criminals. Today, it's one of the most popular tourist attractions in the city, partially because of the fascinating museums on the island.
After taking a self-guided tour of the prison, stick around to explore the many museums and exhibits in the island's various buildings. Exhibits range from collections of prisoner's hand-made items and historical items to exhibitions on the history of crime in America to exhibits on the island's Native American occupation of the 1970s.
Fee: Accessible only via cruises; prices start at $28 (for kids).
Address: Pier 33 Alcatraz Landing.
Hours: Changes seasonally, open daily.
Musée Mecanique
This small-but-packed museum is the best in SF for going back in time as the collection has more than 300 items. The museum started as one person's personal collection back in the 1930s, but has since ballooned into the impressive spread visitors can see today.
Admission to the Musée Mecanique is totally free, but because it sits near Pier 45, it's likely that you'll end up spending some money in the area, anyway—the popcorn carts on the pier are hard to resist.
Fee: Free, but donations accepted.
Address: Taylor Street at Pier 45.Hours: Daily, 10 AM-8 PM.
1、On which day is The Cable Car Museum not available?
A. Saturday. B.Friday. C. Sunday. D.Monday.
2、What is special about Alcatraz Island?
A.Easy access. B. Prison theme.
C. Free admission. D. Excellent service.
3、What could you enjoy in Musée Mecanique?
A. Sweet popcorns. B.Packed items.
C. Cable cars. D. Large balloons.
The moonlight poured in through the windows, lighting the room. Oliver was sitting at the table, totally absorbed in his book. Oliver was a book fan. He read books whenever he could. Grandma Agnes felt sorry for Oliver when she heard him talk enthusiastically about the books he read because they were poor. She knew the money she gave him for lunch was spent on those books instead.
The next day, on the bus, Oliver was reading his storybook again when he heard a noise and raised his eyes. He saw the bus driver shouting at a blind older woman. She explained to the driver that her daughter was ill in hospital, and that she forgot to bring her purse. The driver mistakenly believed that she was making excuses to avoid paying the bus ticket! Knowing she wouldn't be able to persuade the driver, the older woman was about to get off the bus, when Oliver stepped in.
"I'll pay for her fare, sir!" he said. Then Oliver helped the blind older woman into the seat next to him and paid her fare. When he returned to his seat, the woman said to him, "Thank you, little kid, you have a sweet voice!"
"I'm a big boy! And my name is Oliver," Oliver said proudly. "I'm Mary," the older woman introduced herself and expressed her gratitude for helping her. Although Oliver had planned to use the money to buy the next book in the series he was reading, he couldn't bear to see Mary in trouble.
They had a chat before Oliver's stop arrived. Oliver liked Mary because she reminded him of the person he loved deeply. When he talked with her, she listened to him with the same patience as Grandma Agnes.
4、Why did Grandma Agnes feel sorry for Oliver?
A.She was too poor to buy him books. B. She heard him talk about his lunch.
C. He spent too much time in reading. D. He cared little about on his health.
5、How did Oliver help the older woman on the bus?
A.By giving his seat. B.By shouting at the driver.
C.By talking with her. D.By buying her the ticket.
6、What can we learn about Oliver?
A.He is brave and moody. B.He is lucky and creative.
C.He is helpful and generous. D. He is kind and successful.
7、Who do you think Mary reminded Oliver of?
A.His Mum. B.His grandma. C.His sister. D.His patient.
Biologists are becoming more and more concerned that global climate change will probably reduce biodiversity. Some biologists estimate that 35% of animals and plants could become extinct in the wild by 2050 due to global climate change. Before the industrial revolution, atmospheric carbon dioxide levels rarely climbed above 280 ppm; but during the 2014 calendar year, carbon dioxide levels ascended to 402 ppm.
In the fall of 2014, the National Audubon Society released a report entitled Birds and Climate Change. It is a comprehensive, first-of-its kind study that predicts how climate change could affect the ranges of 588 North American birds. Of the 588 North American bird species, more than half are likely to be in trouble. The National Audubon Society's models indicate that 314 species will lose more than 50 percent of their current climatic range by 2080. Of the 314 species at risk from global warming, 126 of them are classified as climate endangered. These birds are projected to lose more than 50 percent of their current range by 2050. The other 188 species are classified as climate threatened and expected to lose more than 50 percent of their current range by 2080 if global warming continues at its current pace.
In January 2020, two widely reported studies were carried out to show the dramatic impact of climate disruption on our wildlife and fisheries along the California coast. The first study showed that from 2014 to 2016, over a million common murres from Alaska through California died as a result of a marine heat wave. The second study shows that acid rainfall caused by carbon emissions is harming shell-building animals in the ocean. The study found that larval Dungeness crabs' shells suffer damage in west coast seawater, putting at risk the most profitable fishery in California and a beloved local seafood.
These newly documented impacts provide more evidence that we are running out of time to take action by drastically reducing our use of fossil fuels in order to slow the rate of climate disruption and to give birds and other animals more time to adapt.
Visit our How You Can Help Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions page to learn what you can do to help protect these species at risk from climate disruption.
8、What does “ascended” underlined in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Reduced. B.Rose. C. Fell. D. Appeared.
9、What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The report on the human society. B.The reason of global warming.
C.The disappearance of the birds. D. The influence of climate change.
10、What can we learn about the two studies from Paragraph 3?
A.They both had a big effect on humans. B. Many murres were killed by heat wave.
C. Crabs' shells are local people's favorite. D. Acid rain caused most carbon emission.
11、Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A science website. B. An art magazine.
C.A history book. D. A diet newspaper.
If you have tried chatting with ChatGPT lately, you have probably been met with an "at capacity" error message at some point. The chatbot's sudden huge popularity can make accessing the service pretty tricky. And while it's fun to chat with the AI or even get it to write essays or take exams, some people want guaranteed access so they can use the chatbot for professional purposes.
Earlier this month, OpenAI announced that it may soon start offering a paid-for version of ChatGPT with an option called ChatGP'T Professional. A waitlist that OpenAI posted to the server detailed what pro users might expect.
The professional offering, which OpenAI described as "experimental", will be "always available," offer fast responses from ChatGPT," and would provide "as many messages as you need." The waitlist also noted that, if selected, OpenAI would reach out to you individually to set up a payment process and a pilot.
Now it seems like OpenAI has picked its early access users and they are sharing some insights. Zahid Khawaja, an early access user, shared a video on Twitter running a test prompt on the pro version that ran much quicker than the free version the rest of the public has access to. In the video, Khawaja showed his subscription cost, which comes in at $42 a month.
How OpenAI decided on $42 a month is yet to be revealed-perhaps it's yet another Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy reference. However, in December Sam Altman, OpenAI's chief executive said the average cost of each response was in "single-digits cents", but he admitted it will need to charge the service eventually because of its "eye-watering" compute costs. A recent agreement with Microsoft, which will see the software giant invest billions in OpenAI over the next few years, will also likely help.
Despite its popularity, ChatGPT isn't the only AI chatbot on the market. The $42 a month price tag is causing some users to seek other alternatives that might be more cost effective and just as efficient.
12、What does the author think of having access to the service?
A.Not easy. B. Not good. C. Not tough. D. Not slow.
13、Which of the following isn't provided in the professional version of ChatGPT?
A. All-time availability. B. Enough information.
C.Free subscription. D. Faster response.
14、Why was the service charged in the end?
A. It is to be revealed next month. B. It is customers' requirements.
C. It needs Microsoft's investment. D.It needs very high running costs.
15、What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. ChatGPT charges the lowest on the market.
B.ChatGPT will lose most of its access users.
C.ChatGPT may lose some targeted customers.
D. ChatGPT is more effective and efficient.
二、七选五
16、How to Look Good in Photos
Anyone can look good in pictures by figuring out how best to pose in front of the camera. Even if you feel like you aren't photogenic, learning some simple tricks can make a huge difference. Here are five ways to make your look more attractive in photos. Once you get these methods down, you'll be ready to strike a pose at any moment!
①_____. A fake smile can make you look bad in a photo. It looks forced and doesn't meet your eyes. When you take a photo, you need to give your best, most natural smile so you look your best.
Tilt your head. When you look at the camera, don't look straight at the camera. ②_____. Then, tilt your head up or down slightly.
Position your body correctly. Instead of having straight, limp arms and stiff legs, try bending them to give them life. Bend your arms and hold them slightly away from your body. This also helps create shape to your midsection(腰腹) instead of bulk. ③_____.
Take a lot of photos. One of the best ways to get the best picture is to take more than one! Even models go through numerous frames to get that one perfect picture. ④_____, the better likelihood you will get a great photo.
Feel confident. Make sure you feel proud of who you are. ⑤_____. Focus on that instead of any faults you think you have. Being happy and giving a genuine smile in the photo can make a world of difference.
A. Keep smiling
B.The taller you are
C. Have a natural smile
D. The more pictures you take
E. Look slightly above or slightly below
F.You are unique and have great features
G.Keep your hands relaxed and slightly bent
三、完形填空（20空）
As dawn broke, Concilia Owire, a 28-year-old Kenyan train driver, had already changed into her work 1 waiting for alcohol testing and 2 . When all was ready, Owire and her 3 would setoff for a new journey.
Around 5 years ago, Owire was 4 and then sent to China to have a 50-day 5 training. Later, Owire, with six other colleagues, 6 to their country and began practicing repeatedly to 7 themselves for the tough task of 8 people including President Uhuru Kenyatta.
Growing up in a very small village, Owire 9 thought about becoming a female train driver one day as in Kenya the 10 still suffered from pursuing careers controlled by men. 11 , the Chinese-built Mombasa-Nairobi Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) has 12 the local economy and the life of ordinary Kenyans like Owire, who has become a model of the 13 from a village girl to a successful working woman. "I know if I do it 14 , the SGR will promote our country's 15 ." Said Owire.
As the Chinese saying goes, "Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime." 16 transport and employment opportunities are just two of the many 17 offered by the SGR project, such as expanding access to markets, 18 business costs, opening up isolated areas, and increasing the competitiveness of local goods.
"The SGR has been at the 19 of Kenya's economic recovery, five years after its 20 on May 31, 2017," said James Siele, Kenya Railways' Business, Commercial & Operations Expert Team leader, in an interview with Xinhua.
17、A. uniform B. jeans C. sweater D. blouse
18、A. check over B. check out C. check in D. check up
19、A. neighbors B. colleagues C. families D. visitors
20、A. urged B. promised C. selected D. forced
21、A. various B. mental C. strict D. physical
22、A. left B. returned C. escaped D. went
23、A. imagine B. reward C. support D. prepare
24、A. directing B. exchanging C. accompanying D. transporting
25、A. never B. ever C. sometimes D. often
26、A. Chinese B. men C. women D. Kenyans
27、A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Moreover D. However
28、A. changed B. described C. introduced D. created
29、A. transportation B. transformation C. competition D. operation
30、A. positively B. anxiously C. separately D. quietly
31、A. government B. economy C. law D. independence
32、A. Artificial B. Obvious C. Efficient D. Permanent
33、A. benefits B. challenges C. conflicts D. technologies
34、A. increasing B. reducing C. forbidding D. considering
35、A. opposite B. end C. cost D. heart
36、A. process B. discovery C. achievement D. launch
四、短文填空
37、 The Grand Canal of China was first dug in 486 BC, and well developed through the late 6th to early10th century. From the late 13th until 19th century, with the highest section built and the overall length ①_____(shorten), the Canal was turned into a main passage between northern ②_____ southern China as well as the economic lifeline of the country. Consisting of the Sui and Tang Grand Canal, the Jing-Hang Grand Canal and the Zhedong Canal, the Canal ③_____(stretch) over 2,700 kilometers, crossing eight provincial-level administrative regions and ④_____(link) five major water systems. The Grand Canal also connects with the Eurasian Silk Road to the west and extends the water trade route to the east.
The Grand Canal was ⑤_____ notable achievement of the ancient Chinese people. Its connection of the political and economic centers played a ⑥_____(centre) role in the political unity, economic ⑦_____(grow) and cultural prosperity of China, and contributed to the livelihood, exchanges and integration of the population along its route.
The Grand Canal ⑧_____(announce) by the State Council as one of the seventh batch of Major Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the National Level in March, 2013 and registered ⑨_____ the UNSECO World Heritage List in June, 2014. This large-scale, living cultural heritage spreads like a huge dragon across the vast territory of China, ⑩_____(it) ripples shining golden scales(鳞片) in the new age.
五、短文改错
38、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Today is Women's Day. Our school organized an activity what required students to do four things for their mothers. After hearing the news, I immediately took action. First, I made a well-designed card expressed my deep love for my mom. When I gave it to him, she said it was the most precious gift she have ever received. In return for, I kissed her on all cheeks and whispered that she was the best mother in the world. After supper, I voluntarily washed all the dish and cleaned a table. I also gave her a back massage ease her tiredness. My mother was deep moved, not only by what I did but also by seeing how much I had grown up.
六、书面表达
39、假如你是李华,你的美国笔友Jack对中国倡导的德智体美劳“五育教育”中的美育很感兴趣,请你写一封电子邮件向他做一介绍。
内容包括:
1.你对美育的理解;
2.你校美育开展情况;
3.欢迎他来你校实地考察。
注意:
1.词数100左右;2.短文的开头已为你写好。
3.参考词汇:美育:aesthetic education; 实地考察:on-site inspection
Dear Jack,
Nice to receive your email. Here let me give you a brief introduction to the aesthetic education in our school.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据The Cable Car Museum部分“Hours:10 AM—4 PM, closed Monday.(营业时间:上午10点至下午4点,周一闭馆。)”可知,缆车博物馆(The Cable Car Museum)周一闭馆。故选D。
2、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Alcatraz Island部分“It's famous for serving as a prison for criminals.(它以充当罪犯的监狱而闻名。)”可知,恶魔岛(Alcatraz Island)是以监狱为主题的。故选B。
3、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Musée Mecaniquce部分第二段“the popcorn carts on the pier are hard to resist.(码头上的爆米花车让人难以抗拒。)”可知,在梅卡尼克博物馆(Musée Mecanique),人们可以吃到爆米花。故选A。
4、答案：A
5、答案：D
6、答案：C
7、答案：B
8、答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段“Before the industrial revolution, atmospheric carbon dioxide levels rarely climbed above 280 ppm; but during the 2014 calendar year, carbon dioxide levels ascended to 402 ppm.(在工业革命之前,大气中的二氧化碳含量很少攀升到280 ppm以上;但在2014年,二氧化碳水平ascended到了402ppm)”可知,这句话讲述大气中二氧化碳含量的上升问题。由此可知,划线词ascended的意思应该是“上升”,和选项B意思一致。故选B。
9、答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段“In the fall of 2014, the National Audubon Society released a report entitled Birds and Climate Change. It is a comprehensive, first-of-its kind study that predicts how climate change could affect the ranges of 588 North American birds. Of the 588 North American bird species, more than half are likely to be in trouble. The National Audubon Society's models indicate that 314 species will lose more than 50 percent of their current climatic range by 2080. Of the 314 species at risk from global warming, 126 of them are classified as climate endangered. These birds are projected to lose more than 50 percent of their current range by 2050.The other 188 species are classified as climate threatened and expected to lose more than 50 percent of their current range by 2080 if global warming continues at its current pace.(2014年秋天,国家奥杜邦学会发布了一份题为《鸟类与气候变化》的报告。这是一项全面的、首次同类研究,预测了气候变化如何影响588只北美鸟类的活动范围。在588种北美鸟类中,超过一半的鸟类可能会陷入困境。美国国家奥杜邦学会的模型表明,到2080年,314个物种将失去其当前气候范围的50%以上。在314个面临全球变暖风险的物种中,有126个被列为气候濒危物种。预计到2050年,这些鸟类的活动范围将减少50%以上。其他188个物种被列为气候威胁物种,如果全球变暖以目前的速度持续下去,预计到2080年,它们将失去目前范围的50%以上)”可知,这一段主要讲述气候变化对鸟类的影响。故选D。
10、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“The first study showed that from 2014 to 2016,over a million common murres from Alaska through California died as a result of a marine heat wave.(第一项研究表明,从2014年到2016年,从阿拉斯加到加利福尼亚州,超过100万只普通海鸦死于海洋热浪)”可知,研究表明,许多普通海鸦死于海洋热浪。故选B。
11、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Visit our How You Can Help Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions page to learn what you can do to help protect these species at risk from climate disruption.(访问我们的“如何帮助减少温室气体排放”页面,了解如何帮助保护这些面临气候破坏风险的物种)”可知,这篇文章是来自于有关如何帮助减少温室气体排放的网站。由此推知,这篇文章可能来自一个科学网站。故选A。
12、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段The chatbot's sudden huge popularity can make accessing the service pretty tricky.(聊天机器人突然大受欢迎,这使得访问该服务变得相当棘手。)可知,访问该服务不是那么容易。故选A。
13、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段The professional offering, which OpenAI described as “experimental”, will be “always available,” offer “fast responses from ChatGPT,”and would provide “as many messages as you need.”(这项被OpenAI称为“实验性”的专业服务将“始终可用”,提供“来自ChatGPT的快速响应”,并将提供“您需要的任何信息”。)可知,OpenAl提供“始终可用”,“来自ChatGPT的快速响应”,和“您需要的任何信息”等服务,没有免费订阅服务。故选C。
14、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段However, in December Sam Altman, OpenAI's chief executive said the average cost of each response was in "single-digits cents", but he admitted it will need to charge the service eventually because of its "eye-watering" compute costs.(然而,12月,OpenAI首席执行官萨姆·奥特曼表示,每次响应的平均成本为“个位数美分”,但他承认,由于其“令人垂涎”的计算成本,最终需要向该服务收费。)可知,这项服务收费是因为它的高运行成本。故选D。
15、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Despite its popularity, ChatGPT isn't the only AI chatbot on the market. The $42 a month price tag is causing some users to seek other alternatives that might be more cost effective and just as efficient.(尽管ChatGPT很受欢迎,但它并不是市场上唯一的人工智能聊天机器人。每月42美元的价格标签导致一些用户寻求其他可能更具成本效益和效率的替代品。)可知,ChatGPT将会失去一些用户。故选C。
16、答案：CEGDF
解析：①根据后文“A fake smile can make you look bad in a photo. It looks forced and doesn't meet your eyes. When you take a photo, you need to give your best, most natural smile so you look your best.(假笑会让你在照片上看起来很糟糕。它看起来很勉强,不符合你的眼睛。当你拍照时,你需要给你最好的,最自然的微笑,这样你看起来最好)”可知,本段主要介绍拍照的时候要保持自然的微笑。所以选择项C“Have a natural smile(保持自然的微笑)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
②根据前句“When you look at the camera, don't look straight at the camera.(当你看镜头的时候,不要直视镜头)”和后句“Then, tilt your head up or down slightly.(然后,稍微向上或向下倾斜你的头)”可知,拍照时稍微朝镜头上方或下方看。所以选择项E“Look slightly above or slightly below(稍微往上看或稍微往下看)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
③空处位于段末,应承接上文。根据前文“Bend your arms and hold them slightly away from your body. This also helps create shape to your midsection(腰腹)instead of bulk.(弯曲你的手臂,让它们稍微远离你的身体。这也有助于塑造你腹部的形状,而不是臃肿)”可知,前文提到手臂,这里继续介绍拍照时手的放置。所以选择项G“Keep your hands relaxed and slightly bent(保持双手放松并微微弯曲)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
④根据前文“One of the best ways to get the best picture is to take more than one! Even models go through numerous frames to get that one perfect picture.(要想拍出最好的照片,最好的方法之一就是多拍!即使是模特也要经过无数帧才能得到一张完美的照片)”和后半句“the better likelihood you will get a great photo.(你得到一张好照片的可能性就越大)”可知,拍的照片越多,拍出来的照片就越好。所以选择项D“The more pictures you take(你拍的照片越多)”符合上下文语境。这里也运用了“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构。故选D。
⑤根据前句“Make sure you feel proud of who you are.(确保你为自己感到骄傲)”和后句“Focus on that instead of any faults you think you have.(把注意力集中在这一点上,而不是你认为自己有什么缺点)”可知,要自信,自己是独一无二的,自己拍的照片有自己的特点。所以选择项F“You are unique and have great features(你是独一无二的,有很好的特点)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
17、答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:黎明时分,28岁的肯尼亚火车司机孔奇利亚·奥维尔已经换上了工作服,等待酒精测试和办理上车手续。A.uniform制服;B.jeans牛仔裤;C.sweater毛衣;D.blouse衬衫。根据上文“a 28-year-old Kenyan train driver”可知,奥维尔是火车司机,所以开车之前她应该是要换上工作服。故选A。
18、答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意:见第1题详解。A.check over检查;B.check out结账退房;C.check in登记进入;D.check up了解;查清。根据上文“had already changed into her work 1 waiting for alcohol testing”可知, 奥维尔已经换上了工作服,所以应该是等待酒精测试和办理上车手续。故选C。
19、答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:一切准备就绪后,奥维尔和她的同事们将踏上新的旅程。A.neighbors邻居;B.colleagues同事;C.families家庭;D.visitors游客。根据下文“would set off for a new journey”可知,要发车了,所以奥维尔应该是和她的同事们一起。故选B。
20、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:大约5年前,奥维尔被选中,然后被派往中国进行为期50天的严格训练。A.urged催促;B.promised承诺;C.selected选择;D.forced迫使。根据下文“and then sent to China”可知,奥维尔后来被送到中国,所以要先在国内参加选拔。故选C。
21、答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:见第4题详解。A.various各种各样的;B.mental精神的;C.strict严格的;D.physical身体的。根据下文“Later, Owire, with six other colleagues, 6 to their country and began practicing repeatedly to 7 themselves for the tough task of 8 people including President Uhuru Kenyatta.”可知, 她们要运送包括总统乌胡鲁·肯雅塔在内的人员的艰巨任务,所以应该是要经过严格的训练。故选C。
22、答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:后来,奥维尔和其他六名同事回到了他们的国家,开始反复练习,为运送包括总统乌胡鲁·肯雅塔在内的人员的艰巨任务做好准备。A.left离开;B.returned回来;C.escaped逃跑;D.went去。根据下文“to their country”可知,这是指奥维尔回国了。故选B。
23、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:见第6题详解。A.imagine想象;B.reward回报;C.support支持;D.prepare准备。根据上文“began practicing repeatedly”可知,她们反复训练应该是为了让自己为运输做好准备。故选D。
24、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:见第6题详解。A.directing指导;B.exchanging交换;C.accompanying陪同;D.transporting运输。根据上文“a 28-year-old Kenyan train driver”可知,奥维尔是火车司机,所以她的任务是运输。故选D。
25、答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:奥维尔在一个很小的村庄长大,从未想过有一天会成为一名女火车司机,因为在肯尼亚,女性仍然在追求由男性控制的职业。A.never从不;B.ever曾经;C.sometimes偶尔;D.often经常。根据下文“as in Kenya the 10 still suffered from pursuing careers controlled by men”可知, 在肯尼亚, 很多职业都是由男性控制的,所以作为女性的奥维尔从来没有想过能做火车司机。故选A。
26、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:见第9题详解。A.Chinese中国人;B.men男人;C.women女人;D.Kenyans肯尼亚人。根据下文“still suffered from pursuing careers controlled by men”可知,这里指在肯尼亚,很多职业是女性们做不了的。故选C。
27、答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,中国建造的蒙巴萨一内罗毕标准轨距铁路(SGR)改变了当地的经济和像奥维尔这样的普通肯尼亚人的生活,她已经成为从一个乡村女孩转变为一个成功的职业女性的典范。A.Otherwise否则;B.Therefore因此;C.Moreover而且;D.However然而。根据上下文意思可知,上下文是转折关系。故选D。
28、答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:见第11题详解。A.changed改变;B.described描写;C.introduced介绍;D.created创造。根据下文“the local economy and the life of ordinary Kenyans like Owire”可知,这里指中国建造的蒙巴萨一内罗毕标准轨距铁路改善了当地的经济和像奥维尔这样的普通肯尼亚人的生活。故选A。
29、答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:见第11题详解。A.transportation运输;B.transformation转换;C.competition竞争;D.operation手术,操作。根据下文“from a village girl to a successful working woman”可知,这里指奥维尔身份的变化。故选B。
30、答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:奥维尔说:“我知道,如果我做得积极,SGR将促进我们国家的经济发展。”A.positively积极地; B. anxiously紧张地; C. separately各自地; D. quietly安静地。根据下文“the SGR will promote our country's 15 ”可知,要想国家有变化,奥维尔就要积极去做。故选A。
31、答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:见第14题详解。A.government政府;B.economy经济;C.law法律;D.independence独立。 根据上文“the Chinese-built Mombasa-Nairobi Standard Gauge Railway(SGR) has 12 the local economy”可知, 中国建造的蒙巴萨—内罗毕标准轨距铁路改善了当地的经济。故选B。
32、答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:高效的交通和就业机会只是SGR项目提供的众多好处中的两个,例如扩大市场准入、降低商业成本、开放孤立地区和提高当地商品的竞争力。A.Artificial人工的;B.Obvious明显的;C.Eficient高效的;D.Permanent永久的。 根据上文“the Chinese-built Mombasa-Nairobi Standard Gauge Railway(SGR) has 12 the local economy and the life of ordinary Kenyans like Owire”可知,中国建造的蒙巴萨一内罗毕标准轨距铁路的效果是很好的。故选C。
33、答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:见第16题详解。A. benefits好处;B.challenges挑战;C.conflicts冲突;D. technologies技术。根据上文“ 16 transport and employment opportunities”可知, 高效的交通和就业机会是SGR项目带来的好处。故选A。
34、答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:见第16题详解。A.increasing增加;B.reducing减少;C.forbidding禁止;D.considering考虑。根据下文“business costs”可知,这里指SGR项目带来的好处,所以应该是降低商业成本。故选B。
35、答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:肯尼亚铁路公司、商业和运营专家组组长James Siele在接受新华社采访时表示:“自2017年5月31日开通以来,SGR一直是肯尼亚经济复苏的核心。”A.opposite对立;B.end结束;C.cost花费;D.heart心脏。根据上文“ 16 transport and employment opportunities are just two of the many 17 offered by the SGR project, such as expanding access to markets, 18 business costs, opening up isolated areas, and increasing the competitiveness of local goods.”可知,中国建造的蒙巴萨—内罗毕标准轨距铁路是肯尼亚经济复苏的核心。故选D。
36、答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:见第19题详解。A.process过程;B.discovery发现;C.achievement成就;D.launch发射,启动。根据下文“on May 31, 2017”可知,这里指铁路启动开通的时间。故选D。
37、答案：①shortened②and③stretches④linking⑤a⑥central⑦growth⑧was announced⑨on/in⑩its
解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意:从13世纪末到19世纪,随着最高段的建造和总长度的缩短,运河成为中国南北之间的主要通道和国家的经济命脉。在with复合结构中,空处应填非谓语动词作宾补,shorten和逻辑主语length之间为被动关系,用过去分词。故填shortened。
②考查固定短语。句意同上。结合句意表达“在……和……之间”用between...and...。故填and。
③考查时态。句意:运河由隋、唐大运河、京杭大运河和浙东运河组成,全长2700多公里,横跨八个省级行政区,连接五大水系。空处为句子谓语动词,陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语the Canal是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数形式。故填stretches。
④考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处和上文crossing并列作状语,应用非谓语动词形式,逻辑主语the Canal和link之间为主动关系,应用现在分词。故填linking。
⑤考查冠词。句意:大运河是古代中国人民的一项显著成就。achievement意为“成就”时是可数名词,此处是泛指,应用不定冠词修饰,且notable的发音是辅音音素开头,故填a。
⑥考查形容词。句意:其政治和经济中心的联系在中国的政治团结、经济增长和文化繁荣中发挥了核心作用,并为沿线人口的生计、交流和融合做出了贡献。修饰名词role应用形容词central“核心的”作定语。故填central。
⑦考查名词。句意同上。空处应填名词和上文the political unity以及下文cultural prosperity并列作介词in的宾语,growth“增长”是抽象名词,不可数。故填growth。
⑧考查时态和语态。句意:大运河于2013年3月被国务院宣布为第七批国家级重点历史文化保护遗址之一,并于2014年6月被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》。空处和下文registered是并列的谓语动词,陈述过去的事情,且主语The Grand Canal和announce之间是被动关系,故应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数。故填was announced。
⑨考查介词。句意同上。结合句意表达“在……名录上”用on/in...list。故填on/in。
⑩考查代词。句意:这一大规模的、鲜活的文化遗产像一条巨龙一样在中国广袤的领土上传播,在新时代,它的涟漪闪耀着金色的鳞片。修饰名词ripples应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
38、答案：
Today is Women's Day. Our school organized an activity required students to do four things for their mothers. After hearing the news, I immediately took action. First, I made a well-designed card my deep love for my mom. When I gave it to , she said it was the most precious gift she ever received. In return , I kissed her on cheeks and whispered that she was the best mother in the world. After supper, I voluntarily washed all the and cleaned table. I also gave her a back massage ease her tiredness. My mother was moved, not only by what I did but also by seeing how much I had grown up.
39、答案：
Dear Jack,
Nice to receive your email. Here let me give you a brief introduction to the aesthetic education in our school.
In my opinion, aesthetic education mainly refers to the learning and experiencing of art, music, drama, and dance. Our school attaches great importance to aesthetic education. Firstly, famous calligraphy and paintings are posted everywhere, and we can feel beauty on the campus all the time. Secondly, there is a calligraphy and painting club, a dance club and a drama club in our school, where students can learn much knowledge. Finally, a campus art festival is held by our school every year, providing opportunities for students to show their artistic talents.
As the saying goes, seeing is believing. Welcome to our school for on-site inspection.
Yours,
Li Hua