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2023届上海市普陀区高三下学期二模英语试题（含答案）
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这是一份2023届上海市普陀区高三下学期二模英语试题（含答案），共34页。试卷主要包含了用单词的适当形式完成短文，选用适当的单词或短语补全短文，完形填空，阅读理解，六选四，概要写作，汉译英，开放性作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届上海市普陀区高三下学期二模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Intentional Travel for the Curious
For those seeking a different adventure around every corner, the state of Florida doesn’t disappoint. Sun lovers will be fascinated by hundreds of miles of white-sand beaches _____1_____they can enjoy themselves in the rays and explore aquatic (水生的) life. Naturalists can get lost in ecological wonders_____2_____naturalists search the forests for local wildlife or hike some of the country’s most beautiful trails. No matter your passion, look no farther than the Sunshine State _____3_____(satisfy) your scientific and cultural curiosities.
Do you want the perfect combination of excitement and relaxing breaks?_____4_____(locate) on Florida’s East Coast, Daytona Beach is full of things to do, places to see, and experiences of a lifetime. It is the ideal combination of physical and natural world _____5_____promises to make visitors return again and again.
When it comes to Florida, people often think of the beaches — and Daytona Beach has some of the best.Daytona Beach _____6_____(bless) with 23 miles of beautiful white-sand beaches. This expansive stretch is one of the few places in the country that you _____7_____actually take a drive on the beach- an activity that all who visit Daytona Beach should entertain. Take in the sights and _____8_____(breathe) in the fresh air as you leisurely drive down the beach. Or park your car and grab a towel to be in the sun and perhaps enjoy _____9_____(explore) Daytona Beach’s offshore reef system.
To experience more of the natural world,visit Blue Spring State Park.It is where hundreds of manatees (海牛) seek warm-water shelter from late fall through early spring. Want more exposure to aquatic animals? Ecotourism is one of thebest ways to see Florida’s ______10______(impressive) species. The family will love the Marine Science Center, which has a rare fish touch pool and bird observation tower.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．confirmed B．measurable C．previously D．determine E. tracking F. habitableG.virtually H. sensitive I. protect J. surprised K.system
A New Exoplanet in the SystemIn 2014, data from NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope allowed astronomers to announce the detection of three planets orbiting Kepler-138. This was based on a _____11_____dip in starlight as the planet momentarily passed in front of their star, a transit.
Benneke and his colleague Diana Dragomir, from the University of New Mexico, came up with the idea of re-observing the planetary _____12_____with the Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes between 2014 and 2016 to catch more transits of Kepler-138d, the third planet in the system, in order to study its atmosphere.
While earlier NASA Kepler space telescope observations only showed transits of three small planets around Kepler-138, Piaulet and her team were _____13_____to find that the Hubble and Spitzer observations suggested the presence of a fourth planet in the system, Kepler-138e.
This newly found planet is small and farther from its star than the three others, taking 38 days to complete an orbit.The planet is in the _____14_____zone of its star, a temperate region where a planet receives just the right amount of heat from its cool star to be neither too hot nor too cold to allow the presence of liquid water. Observing the exoplanet’s transit would have allowed astronomers to _____15_____its size.
With Kepler-138e, the masses of the_____16_____known planets were measured again via the transit timing-variation method, which consists of _____17_____small variations in the precise moments of the planets’ transits in front of their star caused by the gravitational pull of other nearby planets.
The researchers had another surprise: they found that the two water worlds Kepler-138c and d are twin planets, with ____18____the same size and mass, while they were previously thought to be greatly different. The closer-in planet,Kepler-138b, on the other hand, is ____19____ to be a small Mars-mass planet, one of the smallest exoplanets known to date.
“As our instruments and techniques become _____20_____ enough to find and study planets that are farther from their stars, we might start finding a lot more water worlds like Kepler-138 c and d,” Benneke concluded.
三、完形填空
“Challenge-based learning is often focused on the challenges that have global impact. The students, who _____21_____the challenge, often don’t know what the solution will be. The facilitator is keeping them from _____22_____a solution too early, and encourages to analyze the challenge from multiple points of view, and from different scientific perspectives,” says Vilma Sukacke, a researcher at Kaunas University of Technology (KTU), Lithuania.
Such a learning approach is very fitting to sustainability education, which, according to various scholars,_____23_____a contextual, problem-oriented, reflective, interdisciplinary (跨学科), collaborative, participatory and empowered learning environment. In other words, educators have to _____24_____from more traditional teacher-centred education to becoming instructional designers of student-centred education.
Aiming to evaluate the _____25_____of such approaches, a group of researchers from Lithuanian, Danish, German, Portuguese and Spanish universities conducted a systematic literature review,_____26_____the three active learning methods, i.e.. project, problem and challenge-based learning according to the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation) framework.
_____27_____the educators agree that problem-based learning (PBL), project-based learning (PJBL) and, more recently, challenge-based learning (CBL) are efficient in teaching the students to _____28_____technology in real-life situations and improving their transversal (横向) skills, such as teamwork, communication and conflict resolution, the application of these methods in the classroom may be challenging for both sides.
“In my practice, I have noticed that sometimes students are _____29_____innovative learning methods and are considering them as a sort of a game. As these classes often take place in a play full environment, full of different pencils, colorful notes and building blocks, it’s difficult for the students to take them _____30_____. Therefore, it’s very important to_____31_____the methods and the goals to the learners very clearly,” says Professor Saule Petroniene from KTU Faculty of Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities, a co-author of the study.
According to her, to successfully apply unconventional teaching methods is a challenge for a beginning teacher. However, this effort _____32_____, especially when students continue their activities outside school and focus on solving _____33_____social problems.
Rescarchers believe that the _____34_____of CBL, PJBL, and PBL requires a paradigm (范式) shift, where organization, staff and students change their view to education and learning. In this process, both teachers and students need to apply new skills and _____35_____roles that they might not have needed before.
21．A．allow B．introduce C．accept D．expect
22．A．carrying on B．focusing on C．applying for D．inquiring about
23．A．cares about B．tells of C．turns to D．calls for
24．A．shift B．differ C．suffer D．learn
25．A．outcome B．efficiency C．impact D．value
26．A．exploring B．applying C．modifying D．explaining
27．A．Whether B．As long as C．Although D．Because
28．A．develop B．include C．associate D．integrate
29．A．approving B．questioning C．preventing D．adopting
30．A．affectionately B．calmly C．seriously D．coolly
31．A．transfer B．change C．communicate D．express
32．A．pays off B．goes away C．gives off D．breaks down
33．A．subjective B．real C．imaginary D．virtual
34．A．combination B．organization C．realization D．cooperation
35．A．take on B．put away C．send for D．deal with
四、阅读理解
Mona Lisa, also called Portrait of Lisa Gherardini, wife of Francesco del Giocondo, Italian La Gioconda, or French La Joconde, oil painting on a wood panel by Leonardo da Vinci, is probably the world’s most famous painting. It was painted sometime between 1503 and 1519, when Leonardo was living in Florence, and it now hangs in the Louvre Museum, Paris, attracting people throughout the world to see it in the 21st century. The sitter’s mysterious smile and her unproven identity have made the painting a source of ongoing investigation and fascination.
But at least a dozen excellent copies of the Mona Lisa exist, many of them by Leonardo’s students. One such copy at the Prado Museum in Madrid was thought to have been painted years after the original. However, during the restoration of the painting in the early 2010s, which included using advanced reflexology to examine the work beneath the surface, conservators discovered that the painting had changes that mirrored those of the original. The findings suggested that the artist—likely one of the master’s assistants—painted the copy as Leonardo worked on the Mona Lisa in his studio. Thus, “the Prado version” became the only known copy completed during Leonardo’s lifetime. Conservators cleaned the entire painting and removed its black background, revealing a detailed landscape resembling Leonardo’s version and vibrant colors, possibly arousing those of the original before the paint applied by early restorers darkened over time.
Other copies of the Mona Lisa include so-called Isleworth Mona Lisa, which some critics claim is da Vinci’s first edition. The claim was a controversial one, with several leading Leonardo scholars flatly denying it. Numerous interpretations, often referred to as Monna Vanna, also exist and were likely completed by Leonardo’s students with occasional input from their master.
In June, a copy of the Mona Lisa is said to have been sold for a record 2.9 million euros (22 million yuan) at Christie’s in Paris. The copy is believed to have been made by a follower of Leonardo da Vinci in the early 17th century and later was purchased by Harkin in 1953 from an art dealer in Nice, France, hence it got the name Heggin’s Mona Lisa. High imitation is also worth money! As the art investment market heats up. various art reproductions continue to emerge. Collectors have not shut out these fine copies, some of which have not only made it into the house, but also sold for high prices. Is it really worth it to pay a high price for an art reproduction? This issue is getting more and more attention from collectors.
36．What can we learn about Mona Lisa in Para. 1?
A．This painting has been sold out.
B．Her smile and identity arouse people’s curiosity.
C．The painting is said to be hanging in Florence now.
D．The painting was created by Leonardo da Vinci in France.
37．What does “the Prado version“refer to in the passage?
A．All the restored copies. B．The works of early restorers.
C．A copy from the Prado Museum. D．An excellent copy of da Vinci.
38．Why don’t collectors turn away these wonderful reproductions?
A．Because of the entertainment. B．Because of the love for painters.
C．Because of the short supply. D．Because of the high returns.
39．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A．Mona Lisa B．Other Mona Lisas
C．Mona Lisa’s Smile D．Mona Lisa’s Value
If you really want to see all that Yellowstone Park has to offer, it would take you a lifetime! However, most of us do not have a lifetime to spend in Yellowstone, but in 2-3 full days, you will be able to hit most of the highlights.
There is no such thing as racing around the park. Yellowstone has 154 miles of a main highway, known as the Grand Loop Road. The general park speed limit is 45 miles per hour but in normal traffic, you will be lucky to average 30 miles per hour. Figure at least an hour of driving time for every thirty miles of distance. If you plan to get off the bus and visit the park, it will take at least 1.2 to 2 hours at almost every stop. In addition, there will be any mumber of unscheduled stops, such as waiting for wild animals to cross the road
A suggested starting point for your tour of Yellowstone National Park is to enter through the South Gate, which is approximately sixty-two miles north of Jackson, Wyoming. Everyone comes to Yellowstone to see Old Faithful.Although,not the largest geyser (间歇泉) to erupt in the Park,it is the most reliable regarding the time of eruption. The time of the eruption,the length of the eruption and the height of the eruption vary from year to year. As you enter the Park, ask the Park Information Office if he has information on the expected times for the eruption of Old Faithful.
As you drive north on the Grand Loop Road, keep an eye out for wildlife. At Grant Village Junction, turn left (west) and head toward Old Faithful Village. Once at Old Faithful Village, take some time to walk around the boardwalks and visit some of the many other geysers in the Upper Geyser Basin. Include the 1.4-mile walk to Morning Glory Pool, one of the most colorful thermal (热能) features in all of Yellowstone.And do not forget to visit the Old Faithful Inn,which is the single most impressive human structure in Yellowstone.
Continue on north and visit the Lower Geyser Basin. The area is scattered and features regularly erupting geysers, hot springs, and a fascinating mud pool. After leaving the Lower Geyser Basin, continue north to Norris Junction and stay to the right to travel to Norris Geyser Basin. One of Yellowstone’s most popular geyser basins, Norris is home to one of the Park’s most popular geysers and Steamboat. In addition, there are several miles of boardwalks from which you can explore dozens of multi-colored thermal features.
As for more, go on a Sightseeing Tour of Yellowstone to see it all.
Yellowstone Scenic Tours - Private Day Trips
Yellowstone YearRound Adventures
Experience Montana With Front Seat Guided Bus Tour
40．What can you learn from the first paragraph?
A．Some people live in parks all their lives. B．Hardly anyone can see the whole park.
C．The park can provide you with everything. D．It’s enough to spend a few days in the park.
41．What does the underlined phrase “unscheduled stops” refer to?
A．The walking speed of wild animals being affected.
B．Travelers’ stopping and going in the park.
C．The vehicles’ being parked in the proper area.
D．The traffic’s stopping to make way for wild animals.
42．Which of the following travel maps is true according to Paragraph 4-5?
A． B．
C． D．
The world is wasting the opportunity to ”build back better“ from the Covid-19 pandemic, and faces disastrous temperature rises of at least 2.7°C if countries fail to strengthen their climate commitments, according to a report from the UN.
Tuesday’s publication warns that countries’ current commitments would reduce carbon by only about 7.5% by 2030,far less than the 45% cut, which scientists say is needed to limit global temperature rises to 1.5°℃, the aim of the Cop26summit that opens in Glasgow this Sunday.
António Guterres, the UN secretary-general, described the findings as a “thundering wake-up call“ to world leaders. while experts called for action against fossil fuel companies.
Although more than 100 countries have promised to reach net zero emissions around mid-century, this would not be enough to avoid climate disasters, according to the UN emissions report, which examines the shortfall between countries’ intentions and actions needed on the climate. Many of the net zero commitments were found to be unclear, and unless accompanied by strict cuts in emissions this decade would allow global heating of a potentially disastrous extent.
Guterres said: “The heat is on, and as the contents of the report show, the leadership we need is off. Far off. Countries are wasting a massive opportunity to invest Covid-19 finance and recovery resources in sustainable, cost-saving, planet-saving ways. As world leaders prepare for Cop26, this report is another thundering wake-up call. How many do we need?”
Inger Andersen, the director of the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) said: “Climate change is no longer a future problem. It is a now problem. To stand a chance of limiting global warming to 1.5℃, we have 8 years to almost halve greenhouse gas emissions: 8 years to make the plans, put in place the policies, carry them out and deliver the cuts.The clock is ticking loudly.”
Emissions fell by about 5.4% last year during Covid lockdowns, the report found, but only about one-fifth of the economic recovery spending goes towards reducing carbon emissions. This failure to ”build back better“ despite promises by governments around the world cast doubt on the world’s willingness to make the economic shift necessary to settle the climate crisis, the UN said.
In the run-up to Cop26, countries were supposed to submit national plans to cut emissions - called nationally determined contributions (NDCs) - for the next decade, a requirement under the 2015 Paris climate agreement. But the UNEP report found only half of countries had submitted new NDCs, and some governments had presented weak plans.
43．Why were the findings described as a “thundering wake-up call”in Para. 3?
A．Because the world has failed to deliver on its current promises.
B．Because the serious problems were brought about by global fossil fuels.
C．Because a global temperature rise of at least 2.7°C would be a disaster.
D．Because the opportunities presented by covid-19 have been wasted.
44．According to the author, in what circumstances is global warming avoidable?
A．New plans will be made to protect the environment.
B．Measures will be taken to reduce emissions in the coming ten years.
C．Transitions will be made in response to the global climate crisis.
D．Global sustainable environmental resources will be greatly developed.
45．What is the author’s purpose in saying ”How many do we need?“ in Para. 5?
A．To show the number of alarm clocks required.
B．To inquire the number of the countries attending the meeting.
C．To explain the reason for the world’s wasting chances.
D．To stress the need to save energy and reduce emissions.
46．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Few countries have submitted plans to reduce the emissions.
B．Most of the countries work under the Paris Climate Agreement.
C．Plans to cut emissions of many countries are far from satisfactory.
D．Much progress in reducing emissions has been made these years.
五、六选四
Huizhou Architecture Comes to Life
Huizhou has a long history. When successful Huizhou businessmen got old,they often went back to their hometown and built houses to spend their remaining years._____47_____Now, walking along the bluestone streets there,visitors can appreciate the distinctive Huizhou-style houses,featuring white walls,dark tiles (瓦片) and layered horse-head roofs, and feel like they are lost in a traditional Chinese ink painting.
Huizhou architecture, with its long tradition and great diversity, occupies an important place in Chinese architectural landscape, says Zhang Wangnan, director of the China Huizhou Culture Museum in Huangshan. Huizhou houses tend to be built on the natural places, since Huizhou is a mountainous area with few flat areas of land, according to Zhang. Moreover, daylight is valued in Huizhou houses, reflected in the building of open interior courtyards, allowing sunshine to enter the rooms. “Huizhou businessmen also believed that water symbolizes wealth._____48_____It stands for keeping windfall profits,” says Zhang.
Huizhou is famous for its stone, wood and brick carvings, which are widely used to decorate local houses. “____49____In this way,they integrate their aesthetic (审美) values and emotions into the buildings,making them more beautiftul and educating their children through the meanings contained in the patterns,” says Zhang.
_____50_____ “If you look at the outside of a Huizhou house, it seems simple, enclosed by walls, but the insides are open and broad, with complicated decorations. It is just like Huizhou people, who are often reserved toward strangers but friendly when you get to know them.” says Zhang. He also says that Ming houses differ from those of the QingDynasty in many aspects, for example, having fewer horse-head roofs and less complicated carvings.
A．When it rains, water falling on the roof soon flows to the courtyard.
B．Many of their houses are well-preserved today, especially in Xidi and Hongcun.
C．To talk about Huizhou culture, we must first understand Huizhou.
D．People carved beautiful patterns and historical stories on the walls, windows and wooden posts of their houses.
E．Features of Huizhou houses display the characteristics of local people.
F．Huizhou people have established many schools in the field of culture.
六、概要写作
51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
How to Stay Healthy in Autumn
In recent days, the weather in most regions is no longer hot, and people can relax and enjoy the cool autumn. However, there is a big gap in temperature in the morning and evening, and the air is also drier. All of these factors can lead to dry mouth and nose, sore throat, dry cough, dry hair loss and other symptoms. People are more likely to get sick during the seasonal change from summer through autumn. So, here are some tips to keep you healthy and comfortable into the winter months.
Do eat watery food. According to traditional Chinese medicine, autumn corresponds to the lungs of the human body.Pay attention to wet lungs in dry weather.The most convenient and easy way to protect lungs in autumn is to drink more water. In addition, you can adopt the diet therapy of traditional Chinese medicine, eating some watery food, like pear and duck meat.
Do have easily digested food. People’s spleen (牌) and stomach functions are weakened because of the raw and cold food they had during the long, hot summer. So in autumn, you should give your spleen and stomach a rest. For example,you can choose some nutritious food that is easy to digest to eat, such as fish and red bean.
Be sure to take vitamin supplements. Vitamins play an important role in the body’s immune system. The number and vitality of immune cells are related to vitamins when the body resists foreign invasion. It is recommended that you eat plenty of fresh vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C, such as kiwi and oranges.
Sleep is an important means for people to restore their physical strength, ensure their health and enhance their immunity. In autumn, it is suggested that you go to bed at 9 pm, or try to fall asleep before 11 o’clock. If you sleep at this time, it is great for your body and you can get a good quality of sleep.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
七、汉译英（整句）
52．不要乱扔垃圾，你会被罚款的。(or)(汉译英)
53．这家网络公司在全国各地有许多研发中心。(establish) (汉译英)
54．ChatGPT是由人工智能研究实验室OpenAI在2022年11月30日发布的全新聊天机器人模型。(release) (汉译英)
55．《春晓》是唐代诗人孟浩然所作，语言平易浅近，抒发了诗人热爱春天、珍惜春光的美好心情。(whose) (汉译英)
八、开放性作文
56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近学生会对本校全体学生进行了一项关于“博物馆免费开放政策”的问卷调查，结果如下表所示，写一篇调查报告，内容须包括：
1)对调查结果的简单描述;
2)对数据的原因分析;
3)你的看法。
1
博物馆免费情况下会考虑
67.86%
2
免费才去
3.57%
3
持无所谓态度
28.57%
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．where 2．while/when/as 3．to satisfy 4．Located 5．that 6．is blessed 7．can/may 8．breathe 9．exploring 10．most impressive
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了佛罗里达州。对于那些在各个角落寻求不同冒险的人来说，佛罗里达州不会让他们失望。
1．考查定语从句。句意：阳光爱好者会被数百英里的白色沙滩所吸引，在那里他们可以享受阳光，探索水生生物。此处限定性定语从句，先行词是white-sand beaches是先行词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
2．考查时间状语从句。句意：当自然主义者在森林中寻找当地的野生动物或徒步旅行一些国家最美丽的小径时，他们可能会迷失在生态奇观中。此处是时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，应用while/when/as引导。故填while/when/as。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：无论你的热情是什么，只要想满足你对科学和文化的好奇心，就去阳光之州看看吧。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to satisfy。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：位于佛罗里达州东海岸的代托纳海滩(Daytona Beach)充满了要做的事情、要看的地方和一生的经历。固定搭配be located意为“坐落在”，句子主语Daytona Beach和locate之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。故填Located。
5．考查强调句型。句意：它是物理和自然世界的理想结合，承诺让游客一次又一次地回来。强调句型It is/was +强调部分+that+其他成分，其中如果强调部分指人也可用who代替that；该句强调句子的主语the ideal combination of physical and natural world，指物，应用that。故填that。
6．考查动词时态。句意：Daytona Beach拥有长达23英里的美丽白色沙滩。固定搭配be blessed with意为“在……方面有福”；该句在描述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时，且句子主语是单数第三人称。故填is blessed。
7．考查情态动词。句意：这片广阔的土地是这个国家为数不多的可以在海滩上开车的地方之一——这是所有来代托纳海滩的人都应该享受的活动。设空处应用情态动词may/can，表示“可以”。故填can或may。
8．考查祈使句。句意：当你悠闲地沿着海滩行驶时，欣赏风景，呼吸新鲜空气。该句是复合句，主句是祈使句，是并列的祈使句，所以用动词原形。故填breathe。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：或者把车停好，拿条毛巾晒晒太阳，也许还可以享受探索代托纳海滩近海珊瑚礁系统的乐趣。固定搭配enjoy doing sth.“享受做某事”，其中动名词作宾语。故填exploring。
10．考查形容词最高级。句意：生态旅游是观赏佛罗里达州最令人印象深刻的物种的最佳方式之一。此处指“印象最深刻的”，应用形容词最高级。故填most impressive。
11．B 12．K 13．J 14．F 15．D 16．C 17．E 18．G 19．A 20．H
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍系统中的一颗新系外行星。2014年，来自美国宇航局开普勒太空望远镜的数据让天文学家宣布发现了三颗围绕开普勒-138运行的行星。这是基于这颗行星暂时从恒星前面经过时星光的可测量的下降，这是一种凌日现象。
11．考查形容词作定语。句意：这是基于这颗行星暂时从恒星前面经过时星光的可测量的下降，这是一种凌日现象。空后dip是名词，由形容词修饰，measurable是形容词，意为“显著的，可测量的”，符合句意。故选B。
12．考查名词。句意：来自新墨西哥大学的Benneke和他的同事Diana Dragomir提出了在2014年至2016年期间用哈勃和斯皮策太空望远镜重新观测行星系统的想法，以捕捉更多开普勒-138d(该系统中的第三颗行星)的凌日现象，以研究其大气。此处指“行星的系统”，名词system“系统”符合题意。故选K。
13．考查情感形容词。句意：虽然美国宇航局开普勒太空望远镜早期的观测只显示了开普勒-138周围三颗小行星的凌日现象，但Piaulet和她的团队惊讶地发现，哈勃和斯皮策的观测表明，该系统中存在第四颗行星开普勒-138e。此处指团队“感到惊讶”，所以情感形容词surprised“感到惊讶的”符合题意。故选J。
14．考查形容词作定语。句意：这颗行星位于它的恒星的宜居带，这是一个温带地区，在这里，行星从它的冷恒星那里接收到适量的热量，既不太热也不太冷，不允许液态水的存在。空后zone是名词，由形容词修饰，habitable是形容词，意为“可居住的”，符合题意，在句中作定语。故选F。
15．考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意：观测这颗系外行星的凌日可以让天文学家确定它的大小。固定搭配：allow sb. to do sth.其中动词不定式作宾语补足语；此处指“确定”大小，动词determine意为“决定”，符合题意。故选D。
16．考查副词。句意：对于开普勒-138e，之前已知的行星的质量通过凌日时间变化法再次测量，该方法包括跟踪行星在其恒星前面凌日的精确时刻的微小变化，这些变化是由其他附近行星的引力引起的。空后known是过去分词，由副词修饰，此处指“以前”已知的，所以副词previously“从前”符合句意。故选C。
17．考查动名词。句意：对于开普勒-138e，之前已知的行星的质量通过凌日时间变化法再次测量，该方法包括跟踪行星在其恒星前面凌日的精确时刻的微小变化，这些变化是由其他附近行星的引力引起的。介词of后面用动名词作宾语，此处指“跟踪”行星，所以，tracking“跟踪”符合题意。故选E。
18．考查副词。句意：他们发现两个水世界开普勒-138c和d是双行星，它们的大小和质量几乎相同，而之前人们认为它们有很大的不同。此处是副词修饰名词词组，副词virtually“几乎”符合题意。故选G。
19．考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：另一方面，最近的行星开普勒-138b被证实是一颗火星质量的小行星，是迄今为止已知的最小的系外行星之一。该句是一般现在时的被动语态，此处指“被核实”，所以confirmed“核实”符合题意。故选A。
20．考查形容词作表语。句意：随着我们的仪器和技术变得足够灵敏，可以发现和研究离恒星更远的行星，我们可能会开始发现更多像开普勒- 138c和138d这样的水世界。此处指变得“灵敏”，所以形容词sensitive“灵敏的”符合题意。故选H。
21．C 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．C 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是基于挑战的学习方法的优点和对此进行的相关研究。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：接受挑战的学生往往不知道解决方案是什么。A. allow允许；B. introduce介绍；C. accept接受；D. expect期待。根据下文“often don’t know what the solution will be”可知，句子表示“接受挑战的学生往往不知道解决方案是什么”，空格处意为“接受”。故选C。
22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：立陶宛考纳斯理工大学的研究员Vilma Sukacke说:“引导者阻止他们过早地把注意力集中在解决方案上，并鼓励他们从多个角度、从不同的科学角度分析挑战。”A. carrying on继续；B. focusing on集中于；C. applying for申请；D. inquiring about询问。根据下文“encourages to analyze the challenge from multiple points of view, and from different scientific perspectives”可知，句子表示“引导者阻止他们过早地把注意力集中在解决方案上”。故选B。
23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这种学习方法非常适合可持续发展教育，根据许多学者的说法，可持续发展教育需要一个情境化的、问题导向的、反思的、跨学科的、协作的、参与式的和赋权的学习环境。A. cares about关心；B. tells of讲述；C. turns to求助于；D. calls for要求。根据下文“a contextual, problem-oriented, reflective, interdisciplinary (跨学科), collaborative, participatory and empowered learning environment”可知，句子表示“根据许多学者的说法，可持续发展教育需要一个情境化的、问题导向的、反思的、跨学科的、协作的、参与式的和赋权的学习环境”。故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：换句话说，教育工作者必须从传统的以教师为中心的教育转变为以学生为中心的教育的教学设计师。A. shift转变；B. differ不同；C. suffer遭受；D. learn学习。根据下文“from more traditional teacher-centred education to becoming instructional designers of student-centred education”可知，句子表示“教育工作者必须从传统的以教师为中心的教育转变为以学生为中心的教育的教学设计师”。故选A。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了评估这些方法的有效性，一组来自立陶宛、丹麦、德国、葡萄牙和西班牙大学的研究人员进行了系统的文献综述，探索了三种主动学习方法，即根据ADDIE（分析、设计、开发、实现和评估）框架进行基于项目、问题和挑战的学习。A. outcome结果；B. efficiency效率；C. impact影响；D. value价值。根据下文“a group of researchers from Lithuanian, Danish, German, Portuguese and Spanish universities conducted a systematic literature review,_____6_____the three active learning methods, i.e.. project, problem and challenge-based learning according to the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation) framework”可知，句子表示“为了评估这些方法的有效性，一组来自立陶宛、丹麦、德国、葡萄牙和西班牙大学的研究人员进行了系统的文献综述”。故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了评估这些方法的有效性，一组来自立陶宛、丹麦、德国、葡萄牙和西班牙大学的研究人员进行了系统的文献综述，探索了三种主动学习方法，即根据ADDIE（分析、设计、开发、实现和评估）框架进行基于项目、问题和挑战的学习。A. exploring探索；B. applying应用；C. modifying修改；D. explaining解释。根据下文“the three active learning methods”可知，此处表示“探索了三种主动学习方法”。故选A。
27．考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然教育工作者都认为基于问题的学习、基于项目的学习以及最近的基于挑战的学习在教授学生将技术整合到现实生活情境中并提高他们的横向技能（如团队合作、沟通和解决冲突）方面是有效的，但这些方法在课堂上的应用可能对双方都具有挑战性。A. Whether是否；B. As long as只要；C. Although虽然；D. Because因为。根据下文“the application of these methods in the classroom may be challenging for both sides”可知，句子表示“虽然教育工作者都认为基于问题的学习、基于项目的学习以及最近的基于挑战的学习在教授学生将技术整合到现实生活情境中并提高他们的横向技能（如团队合作、沟通和解决冲突）方面是有效的，但这些方法在课堂上的应用可能对双方都具有挑战性”，空格处意为“虽然”，是although，引导让步状语从句。故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然教育工作者都认为基于问题的学习、基于项目的学习以及最近的基于挑战的学习在教授学生将技术整合到现实生活情境中并提高他们的横向技能（如团队合作、沟通和解决冲突）方面是有效的，但这些方法在课堂上的应用可能对双方都具有挑战性。A. develop发展；B. include包括；C. associate联系；D. integrate（使）合并。根据下文“technology in real-life situations and improving their transversal (横向) skills”可知，句子表示“将技术整合到现实生活情境中并提高他们的横向技能”。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的实践中，我注意到有时学生会质疑创新的学习方法，并将其视为一种游戏。A. approving批准；B. questioning质疑；C. preventing阻止；D. adopting采用。根据下文“considering them as a sort of a game”可知，句子表示“有时学生会质疑创新的学习方法”。故选B。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于这些课程通常是在一个充满游戏的环境中进行的，充满了不同的铅笔，彩色的笔记和积木，学生很难把它们当回事。A. affectionately亲切地；B. calmly平静地；C. seriously认真地；D. coolly冷静地。根据上文“these classes often take place in a play full environment, full of different pencils, colorful notes and building blocks”可知，句子表示“由于这些课程通常是在一个充满游戏的环境中进行的，充满了不同的铅笔，彩色的笔记和积木，学生很难把它们当回事”，take sth. seriously意为“认真对待某事”。故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，将方法和目标清楚地传达给学习者是非常重要的。A. transfer转移；B. change改变；C. communicate传达，传递；D. express表达。根据下文“the methods and the goals to the learners very clearly”可知，此处表示“将方法和目标清楚地传达给学习者”。故选C。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，这种努力是有回报的，尤其是当学生们继续在校外活动，专注于解决真正的社会问题时。A. pays off得到回报；B. goes away走开；C. gives off发出；D. breaks down出故障。根据上文“According to her, to successfully apply unconventional teaching methods is a challenge for a beginning teacher. However”和however表转折可知，此处表示“然而，这种努力是有回报的，尤其是当学生们继续在校外活动，专注于解决真正的社会问题时”。故选A。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这种努力是有回报的，尤其是当学生们继续在校外活动，专注于解决真正的社会问题时。A. subjective主观的；B. real真正的；C. imaginary虚构的；D. virtual虚拟的。根据下文“social problems”可知，此处表示“解决真正的社会问题”。故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究者认为，CBL、PJBL和PBL的实现需要范式转变，组织、员工和学生改变对教育和学习的看法。A. combination结合；B. organization组织；C. realization实现；D. cooperation合作。根据下文“of CBL, PJBL, and PBL requires a paradigm (范式) shift, where organization, staff and students change their view to education and learning”可知，CBL、PJBL和PBL的实现需要范式转变，故选C。
35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这个过程中，老师和学生都需要应用新的技能，承担他们以前可能不需要的角色。A. take on承担；B. put away放好；C. send for派人去叫；D. deal with处理。根据下文“roles that they might not have needed before”可知，此处表示“承担他们以前可能不需要的角色”。故选A。
36．B 37．C 38．D 39．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍马德里普拉多博物馆(Prado Museum)收藏的一幅蒙娜丽莎这样的复制品。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The sitter’s mysterious smile and her unproven identity have made the painting a source of ongoing investigation and fascination.（画中人神秘的微笑和她未经证实的身份使这幅画成为人们不断研究和迷恋的源泉。）”可知，从第1段我们可以了解到关于蒙娜丽莎她的微笑和身份引起人们的好奇。故选B。
37．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“One such copy at the Prado Museum in Madrid was thought to have been painted years after the original.（马德里普拉多博物馆(Prado Museum)收藏的一幅这样的复制品被认为是在原作之后多年绘制的。）”和“‘the Prado version’became the only known copy completed during Leonardo’s lifetime.（“the Prado version”成为莱昂纳多在世时唯一已知的复制品。）”可知，the Prado version是来自普拉多博物馆的复制品。故选C。
38．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Collectors have not shut out these fine copies, some of which have not only made it into the house, but also sold for high prices. Is it really worth it to pay a high price for an art reproduction? This issue is getting more and more attention from collectors.（收藏家们并没有把这些精美的复制品拒之门外，其中一些复制品不仅进了房子，而且还卖了高价。花高价买一件艺术品真的值得吗?这个问题越来越受到收藏者的关注。）”可知，收藏者不拒绝这些精美的复制品，是因为高回报。故选D。
39．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“‘the Prado version’ became the only known copy completed during Leonardo’s lifetime. Conservators cleaned the entire painting and removed its black background, revealing a detailed landscape resembling Leonardo’s version and vibrant colors, possibly arousing those of the original before the paint applied by early restorers darkened over time.（普拉多版本”成为了唯一已知的达芬奇在世时完成的复制品。修复人员清理了整幅画，去掉了黑色的背景，呈现出与达·芬奇版本相似的细节景观和鲜艳的色彩，可能唤起了早期修复者涂上的颜料随着时间的推移而变暗之前的原作。）”，可知，文章介绍了Mona Lisas的复制品，所以Other Mona Lisas为最佳标题。故选B。
40．B 41．D 42．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍对黄石国家公园的旅游，让你在2到3天内将能够到达大部分的亮点。
40．推理判断题。根据第一段“If you really want to see all that Yellowstone Park has to offer, it would take you a lifetime! However, most of us do not have a lifetime to spend in Yellowstone, but in 2-3 full days, you will be able to hit most of the highlights.（如果你真的想看到黄石公园提供的一切，它将花费你一生的时间!然而，我们大多数人都没有一辈子的时间在黄石公园度过，但在2-3天内，你将能够到达大部分的亮点。）”可知，从第一段我们可以知道“几乎没有人能看到整个公园。”故选B。
41．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“If you plan to get off the bus and visit the park, it will take at least 1.2 to 2 hours at almost every stop.（如果你打算下车参观公园，几乎每一站都需要至少1.2到2个小时。）”和划线后面的内容“such as waiting for wild animals to cross the road（比如等待野生动物过马路）”，由此推测划线词的意思是“车辆停下来给野生动物让路。”故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据第四段中“As you drive north on the Grand Loop Road, keep an eye out for wildlife. At Grant Village Junction, turn left (west)and head toward Old Faithful Village.（当您沿着大环路向北行驶时，请留意野生动物。在Grant Village Junction，左转(向西)，向Old Faithful Village方向前进。）”和第五段中“Continue on north and visit the Lower Geyser Basin. The area is scattered and features regularly erupting geysers, hot springs, and a fascinating mud pool. After leaving the Lower Geyser Basin, continue north to Norris Junction and stay to the right to travel to Norris Geyser Basin.（继续向北，参观下间歇泉盆地。该地区分布分散，以定期喷发的间歇泉、温泉和迷人的泥池为特色。离开下间歇泉盆地后，继续向北前往诺里斯枢纽，并停留在右侧前往诺里斯间歇泉盆地。）”可知，从the Grand Loop Road开始，然后到Old Faithful Village，再到the Lower Geyser Basin，最后到Norris。故选C。
43．C 44．B 45．D 46．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。根据联合国的一份报告，世界正在浪费从Covid-19大流行中“更好地重建”的机会，如果各国不能加强其气候承诺，世界将面临至少2.7摄氏度的灾难性气温上升。文章介绍全球减排的重要性和所采取的措施。
43．推理判断题。根据第一段“The world is wasting the opportunity to ‘build back better’ from the Covid-19 pandemic, and faces disastrous temperature rises of at least 2.7°C if countries fail to strengthen their climate commitments, according to a report from the UN.（根据联合国的一份报告，世界正在浪费从Covid-19大流行中“更好地重建”的机会，如果各国不能加强其气候承诺，世界将面临至少2.7摄氏度的灾难性气温上升。）”可知，在第3段中，之所以这些发现被描述为“雷鸣般的警钟”，是因为全球气温上升至少2.7摄氏度将是一场灾难。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据第四段“Although more than 100 countries have promised to reach net zero emissions around mid-century, this would not be enough to avoid climate disasters, according to the UN emissions report, which examines the shortfall between countries’ intentions and actions needed on the climate. Many of the net zero commitments were found to be unclear, and unless accompanied by strict cuts in emissions this decade would allow global heating of a potentially disastrous extent.（联合国排放报告指出，尽管100多个国家承诺在本世纪中叶左右实现净零排放，但这仍不足以避免气候灾难。该报告审视了各国在气候问题上的意图与所需行动之间的差距。人们发现，许多净零承诺并不明确，除非在这十年严格削减排放，否则全球变暖将达到潜在的灾难性程度。）”可知，根据作者的观点，在未来十年只有采取减少排放的措施，全球变暖才可以避免。故选B。
45．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Countries are wasting a massive opportunity to invest Covid-19 finance and recovery resources in sustainable, cost-saving, planet-saving ways. As world leaders prepare for Cop26, this report is another thundering wake-up call.（各国正在浪费以可持续、节约成本和保护地球的方式投入Covid-19融资和恢复资源的巨大机会。在世界各国领导人为Cop26做准备之际，这份报告再次敲响了警钟。）”和第六段中“Climate change is no longer a future problem. It is a now problem. To stand a chance of limiting global warming to 1.5℃, we have 8 years to almost halve greenhouse gas emissions: 8 years to make the plans, put in place the policies, carry them out and deliver the cuts.（气候变化不再是未来的问题。这是一个现在的问题。为了有机会将全球变暖控制在1.5℃以内，我们有8年的时间将温室气体排放量减少近一半:8年的时间来制定计划、实施政策、执行并实现减排。）”，可知，在第5段作者说“How many do we need?”的目的是强调节能减排的必要性。故选D。
46．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the run-up to Cop26, countries were supposed to submit national plans to cut emissions - called nationally determined contributions (NDCs) - for the next decade, a requirement under the 2015 Paris climate agreement. But the UNEP report found only half of countries had submitted new NDCs, and some governments had presented weak plans.（在Cop26的筹备阶段，各国应该提交未来十年的国家减排计划，即国家自主贡献(NDCs)，这是2015年巴黎气候协议的要求。但联合国环境规划署的报告发现，只有一半的国家提交了新的国家自主贡献，一些政府提出的计划也很薄弱。）”，可知，从最后一段可以推断出“许多国家的减排计划远不能令人满意。”故选C。
47．B 48．A 49．D 50．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。徽州建筑走进生活。文章介绍徽州的建筑特色。
47．根据上文提示“When successful Huizhou businessmen got old,they often went back to their hometown and built houses to spend their remaining years.（当成功的徽州商人老了，他们经常回到家乡盖房子度过余生。）”可知，下面应该讲述在家乡盖的房子。承接上文，B项Many of their houses are well-preserved today, especially in Xidi and Hongcun.（他们的许多房屋今天保存完好，特别是在西递和宏村。）切题。故选B。
48．根据上文提示“Huizhou businessmen also believed that water symbolizes wealth.（徽商也认为水是财富的象征。）”，再根据下文提示“It stands for keeping windfall profits（它代表着保留暴利）”，可知，下雨流到家里的水是财富。承接上下文，A项When it rains, water falling on the roof soon flows to the courtyard.（下雨时，落在屋顶上的水很快就流到了院子里。）切题。下文中的it指代“流到家里的水”。故选A。
49．根据上文提示“Huizhou is famous for its stone, wood and brick carvings, which are widely used to decorate local houses.（徽州以石雕、木雕和砖雕而闻名，它们被广泛用于装饰当地的房屋。）”，可知，下面在讲述与carvings有关的事情。再根据下文提示“In this way, they integrate their aesthetic(审美)values and emotions into the buildings, making them more beautiful and educating their children through the meanings contained in the patterns,（通过这种方式，他们将自己的审美价值观和情感融入到建筑中，使它们变得更加美丽，并通过图案中包含的意义教育他们的孩子，）”可知，In this way指设空处的雕刻模式。所以，D项People carved beautiful patterns and historical stories on the walls, windows and wooden posts of their houses.（人们在房子的墙壁、窗户和木桩上雕刻美丽的图案和历史故事。）切题。故选D。
50．根据下文提示“If you look at the outside of a Huizhou house, it seems simple, enclosed by walls, but the insides are open and broad, with complicated decorations. It is just like Huizhou people, who are often reserved toward strangers but friendly when you get to know them.（如果你看一看徽州房屋的外部，它看起来很简单，被墙壁包围，但内部是开放和广阔的，有复杂的装饰。就像徽州人一样，他们对陌生人往往是含蓄的，但当你了解他们时，你会很友好。）”可知，这里在讲徽州房子的特色。顺承下文，E项Features of Huizhou houses display the characteristics of local people.（徽州民居的特色体现了当地人的特色。）切题。故选E。
51．People are more likely to get sick in autumn. Here are some tips to stay healthy. First, eat watery foods like pears, duck meat and easily digestible foods with nutrition. Second, take vitamin supplements or plenty of fresh fruits. Third, have a good sleep. Going to bed before 11 pm is good for health.(54 words)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍秋天如何保持健康。
【详解】1.要点摘录 （1）People are more likely to get sick during the seasonal change from summer through autumn. So, here are some tips to keep you healthy and comfortable into the winter months.（2）Do eat watery food. According to traditional Chinese medicine, autumn corresponds to the lungs of the human body.（3）Do have easily digested food. People’s spleen(牌) and stomach functions are weakened because of the raw and cold food they had during the long, hot summer. （4）Be sure to take vitamin supplements. Vitamins play an important role in the body’s immune system. （5）Sleep is an important means for people to restore their physical strength, ensure their health and enhance their immunity.
2.缜密构思 将第2、3两个要点进行重组。
3.遣词造句 People are more likely to get sick in autumn. Here are some tips to stay healthy. First, eat watery foods like pears, duck meat and easily digestible foods with nutrition. Second, take vitamin supplements or plenty of fresh fruits. Third, have a good sleep by going to bed before 11 pm is good for health.
【点睛】[高分句型1] here are some tips to keep you healthy and comfortable into the winter months.运用倒装句且动词不定式作后置定语。
[高分句型2]Going to bed before 11 pm is good for health. 动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。对最后一段进行了概括、总结。
[高分句型3]Second, take vitamin supplements or plenty of fresh fruits.该句使用祈使句，对第四段进行了概括。
52．Don’t litter everywhere, or you will be fined.
【详解】考查固定句型。固定句型：祈使句，+and/or+表示将来的陈述句，是由并列连词and或or连接的并列句，其中and表示“和”，or表示“否则”。“不要乱扔垃圾”翻译为“Don’t litter everywhere”；“否则你会被罚款的”的英文表达是or you will be fined，其中谓语动词用一般将来时的被动语态。故答案为Don’t litter everywhere, or you will be fined.
53．The internet company has established many research and development centers across the country.
【详解】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。该句在描述到目前为止已经完成的事情，句子用现在完成时；“这家网络公司”的英文表达是the internet company，在句中作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；“有许多研发中心”的英文表达是establish many research and development centers；“在全国各地”的英文表达是across the country。故答案为The internet company has established many research and development centers across the country.
54．CHATGPT is a new chatbot model released by Artificial Intelligence Research Lab OpenAI on November 30,2022.
【详解】考查一般现在时、主谓一致和过去分词作后置定语。该句在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，ChatGPT是句子主语，谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式；“人工智能研究实验室OpenAI”的英文表达是Artificial Intelligence Research Lab OpenAI；“在2022年11月30日”的英文表达是on November 30,2022；“发布的全新聊天机器人模型”的英文表达是a new chatbot model released，released作后置定语，修饰a new chatbot model，且二者之间是被动关系。故整句翻译为CHATGPT is a new chatbot model released by Artificial Intelligence Research Lab OpenAI on November 30,2022.
55．“Spring Dawn” was written in the Tang Dynasty by the poet named Meng Haoran, whose poem was characterized by the use of simple language and expressions to show his love and appreciation for spring.
【详解】考查过去分词作后置定语、whose引导的非限制性定语从句和一般过去时的被动语态。“《春晓》是唐代诗人孟浩然所作”的英文表达是“Spring Dawn was written in the Tang Dynasty by the poet named Meng Haoran，”其中谓语动词是一般过去时的被动语态was written，过去分词named是后置定语；“语言平易浅近”的英文表达是whose poem was characterized by the use of simple language，其中Meng Haoran作先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作定语，从句由关系代词whose引导（在从句中作定语），从句的谓语动词是一般过去时的被动语态was characterized by（以……为特征）；“抒发了诗人热爱春天、珍惜春光的美好心情”的英文表达是expressions to show his love and appreciation for spring，其中动词不定式作后置定语，由and连接the use of simple language和expressions并列作by的宾语，故答案为“Spring Dawn” was written in the Tang Dynasty by the poet named Meng Haoran, whose poem was characterized by the use of simple language and expressions to show his love and appreciation for spring.
56．Recently, I conducted a questionnaire survey on the "free admission policy of museums" among senior high school students.
As is shown in the picture, 67.86% of students would consider museums free of charge, which really surprises me. 3.57% of students went for free. 28.57% hold the indifferent attitude. But what accounts for the huge gap between students? In my opinion, 67.86% of the students may like to study but the family conditions are not good, there is no such expenditure, so they will consider free of charge. 3.57% of students are not interested in museums because they do not love studying, so it is free for them to go. However, 28.57% of the students are indifferent because their family conditions are good and they like to go to museums to increase their knowledge. They will go there anyway.
Personally, under the condition of free, students should visit there regularly to learn some extracurricular knowledge, which will be of great help to enrich their experience, broaden our knowledge and make us a knowledgeable person.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近学生会对本校全体学生进行了一项关于“博物馆免费开放政策”的问卷调查，结果如下表所示，写一篇调查报告，内容须包括：对调查结果的简单描述；对数据的原因分析；你的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
免费：free of charge→for free→for nothing
有益的：be of great help → be helpful
就个人而言：personally→in one’s opinion
拓宽：broaden→ widen
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Recently, I conducted a questionnaire survey on the “free admission policy of museums” among senior high school students.
拓展句：Recently, I conducted a questionnaire survey which is on the “free admission policy of museums” among senior high school students.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As is shown in the picture, 67.86% of students would consider museums free of charge, which really surprises me.（运用了as和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】However, 28.57% of the students are indifferent because their family conditions are good and they like to go to museums to increase their knowledge.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
2023届上海市普陀区高三下学期二模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Intentional Travel for the Curious
For those seeking a different adventure around every corner, the state of Florida doesn’t disappoint. Sun lovers will be fascinated by hundreds of miles of white-sand beaches _____1_____they can enjoy themselves in the rays and explore aquatic (水生的) life. Naturalists can get lost in ecological wonders_____2_____naturalists search the forests for local wildlife or hike some of the country’s most beautiful trails. No matter your passion, look no farther than the Sunshine State _____3_____(satisfy) your scientific and cultural curiosities.
Do you want the perfect combination of excitement and relaxing breaks?_____4_____(locate) on Florida’s East Coast, Daytona Beach is full of things to do, places to see, and experiences of a lifetime. It is the ideal combination of physical and natural world _____5_____promises to make visitors return again and again.
When it comes to Florida, people often think of the beaches — and Daytona Beach has some of the best.Daytona Beach _____6_____(bless) with 23 miles of beautiful white-sand beaches. This expansive stretch is one of the few places in the country that you _____7_____actually take a drive on the beach- an activity that all who visit Daytona Beach should entertain. Take in the sights and _____8_____(breathe) in the fresh air as you leisurely drive down the beach. Or park your car and grab a towel to be in the sun and perhaps enjoy _____9_____(explore) Daytona Beach’s offshore reef system.
To experience more of the natural world,visit Blue Spring State Park.It is where hundreds of manatees (海牛) seek warm-water shelter from late fall through early spring. Want more exposure to aquatic animals? Ecotourism is one of thebest ways to see Florida’s ______10______(impressive) species. The family will love the Marine Science Center, which has a rare fish touch pool and bird observation tower.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．confirmed B．measurable C．previously D．determine E. tracking F. habitableG.virtually H. sensitive I. protect J. surprised K.system
A New Exoplanet in the SystemIn 2014, data from NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope allowed astronomers to announce the detection of three planets orbiting Kepler-138. This was based on a _____11_____dip in starlight as the planet momentarily passed in front of their star, a transit.
Benneke and his colleague Diana Dragomir, from the University of New Mexico, came up with the idea of re-observing the planetary _____12_____with the Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes between 2014 and 2016 to catch more transits of Kepler-138d, the third planet in the system, in order to study its atmosphere.
While earlier NASA Kepler space telescope observations only showed transits of three small planets around Kepler-138, Piaulet and her team were _____13_____to find that the Hubble and Spitzer observations suggested the presence of a fourth planet in the system, Kepler-138e.
This newly found planet is small and farther from its star than the three others, taking 38 days to complete an orbit.The planet is in the _____14_____zone of its star, a temperate region where a planet receives just the right amount of heat from its cool star to be neither too hot nor too cold to allow the presence of liquid water. Observing the exoplanet’s transit would have allowed astronomers to _____15_____its size.
With Kepler-138e, the masses of the_____16_____known planets were measured again via the transit timing-variation method, which consists of _____17_____small variations in the precise moments of the planets’ transits in front of their star caused by the gravitational pull of other nearby planets.
The researchers had another surprise: they found that the two water worlds Kepler-138c and d are twin planets, with ____18____the same size and mass, while they were previously thought to be greatly different. The closer-in planet,Kepler-138b, on the other hand, is ____19____ to be a small Mars-mass planet, one of the smallest exoplanets known to date.
“As our instruments and techniques become _____20_____ enough to find and study planets that are farther from their stars, we might start finding a lot more water worlds like Kepler-138 c and d,” Benneke concluded.
三、完形填空
“Challenge-based learning is often focused on the challenges that have global impact. The students, who _____21_____the challenge, often don’t know what the solution will be. The facilitator is keeping them from _____22_____a solution too early, and encourages to analyze the challenge from multiple points of view, and from different scientific perspectives,” says Vilma Sukacke, a researcher at Kaunas University of Technology (KTU), Lithuania.
Such a learning approach is very fitting to sustainability education, which, according to various scholars,_____23_____a contextual, problem-oriented, reflective, interdisciplinary (跨学科), collaborative, participatory and empowered learning environment. In other words, educators have to _____24_____from more traditional teacher-centred education to becoming instructional designers of student-centred education.
Aiming to evaluate the _____25_____of such approaches, a group of researchers from Lithuanian, Danish, German, Portuguese and Spanish universities conducted a systematic literature review,_____26_____the three active learning methods, i.e.. project, problem and challenge-based learning according to the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation) framework.
_____27_____the educators agree that problem-based learning (PBL), project-based learning (PJBL) and, more recently, challenge-based learning (CBL) are efficient in teaching the students to _____28_____technology in real-life situations and improving their transversal (横向) skills, such as teamwork, communication and conflict resolution, the application of these methods in the classroom may be challenging for both sides.
“In my practice, I have noticed that sometimes students are _____29_____innovative learning methods and are considering them as a sort of a game. As these classes often take place in a play full environment, full of different pencils, colorful notes and building blocks, it’s difficult for the students to take them _____30_____. Therefore, it’s very important to_____31_____the methods and the goals to the learners very clearly,” says Professor Saule Petroniene from KTU Faculty of Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities, a co-author of the study.
According to her, to successfully apply unconventional teaching methods is a challenge for a beginning teacher. However, this effort _____32_____, especially when students continue their activities outside school and focus on solving _____33_____social problems.
Rescarchers believe that the _____34_____of CBL, PJBL, and PBL requires a paradigm (范式) shift, where organization, staff and students change their view to education and learning. In this process, both teachers and students need to apply new skills and _____35_____roles that they might not have needed before.
21．A．allow B．introduce C．accept D．expect
22．A．carrying on B．focusing on C．applying for D．inquiring about
23．A．cares about B．tells of C．turns to D．calls for
24．A．shift B．differ C．suffer D．learn
25．A．outcome B．efficiency C．impact D．value
26．A．exploring B．applying C．modifying D．explaining
27．A．Whether B．As long as C．Although D．Because
28．A．develop B．include C．associate D．integrate
29．A．approving B．questioning C．preventing D．adopting
30．A．affectionately B．calmly C．seriously D．coolly
31．A．transfer B．change C．communicate D．express
32．A．pays off B．goes away C．gives off D．breaks down
33．A．subjective B．real C．imaginary D．virtual
34．A．combination B．organization C．realization D．cooperation
35．A．take on B．put away C．send for D．deal with
四、阅读理解
Mona Lisa, also called Portrait of Lisa Gherardini, wife of Francesco del Giocondo, Italian La Gioconda, or French La Joconde, oil painting on a wood panel by Leonardo da Vinci, is probably the world’s most famous painting. It was painted sometime between 1503 and 1519, when Leonardo was living in Florence, and it now hangs in the Louvre Museum, Paris, attracting people throughout the world to see it in the 21st century. The sitter’s mysterious smile and her unproven identity have made the painting a source of ongoing investigation and fascination.
But at least a dozen excellent copies of the Mona Lisa exist, many of them by Leonardo’s students. One such copy at the Prado Museum in Madrid was thought to have been painted years after the original. However, during the restoration of the painting in the early 2010s, which included using advanced reflexology to examine the work beneath the surface, conservators discovered that the painting had changes that mirrored those of the original. The findings suggested that the artist—likely one of the master’s assistants—painted the copy as Leonardo worked on the Mona Lisa in his studio. Thus, “the Prado version” became the only known copy completed during Leonardo’s lifetime. Conservators cleaned the entire painting and removed its black background, revealing a detailed landscape resembling Leonardo’s version and vibrant colors, possibly arousing those of the original before the paint applied by early restorers darkened over time.
Other copies of the Mona Lisa include so-called Isleworth Mona Lisa, which some critics claim is da Vinci’s first edition. The claim was a controversial one, with several leading Leonardo scholars flatly denying it. Numerous interpretations, often referred to as Monna Vanna, also exist and were likely completed by Leonardo’s students with occasional input from their master.
In June, a copy of the Mona Lisa is said to have been sold for a record 2.9 million euros (22 million yuan) at Christie’s in Paris. The copy is believed to have been made by a follower of Leonardo da Vinci in the early 17th century and later was purchased by Harkin in 1953 from an art dealer in Nice, France, hence it got the name Heggin’s Mona Lisa. High imitation is also worth money! As the art investment market heats up. various art reproductions continue to emerge. Collectors have not shut out these fine copies, some of which have not only made it into the house, but also sold for high prices. Is it really worth it to pay a high price for an art reproduction? This issue is getting more and more attention from collectors.
36．What can we learn about Mona Lisa in Para. 1?
A．This painting has been sold out.
B．Her smile and identity arouse people’s curiosity.
C．The painting is said to be hanging in Florence now.
D．The painting was created by Leonardo da Vinci in France.
37．What does “the Prado version“refer to in the passage?
A．All the restored copies. B．The works of early restorers.
C．A copy from the Prado Museum. D．An excellent copy of da Vinci.
38．Why don’t collectors turn away these wonderful reproductions?
A．Because of the entertainment. B．Because of the love for painters.
C．Because of the short supply. D．Because of the high returns.
39．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A．Mona Lisa B．Other Mona Lisas
C．Mona Lisa’s Smile D．Mona Lisa’s Value
If you really want to see all that Yellowstone Park has to offer, it would take you a lifetime! However, most of us do not have a lifetime to spend in Yellowstone, but in 2-3 full days, you will be able to hit most of the highlights.
There is no such thing as racing around the park. Yellowstone has 154 miles of a main highway, known as the Grand Loop Road. The general park speed limit is 45 miles per hour but in normal traffic, you will be lucky to average 30 miles per hour. Figure at least an hour of driving time for every thirty miles of distance. If you plan to get off the bus and visit the park, it will take at least 1.2 to 2 hours at almost every stop. In addition, there will be any mumber of unscheduled stops, such as waiting for wild animals to cross the road
A suggested starting point for your tour of Yellowstone National Park is to enter through the South Gate, which is approximately sixty-two miles north of Jackson, Wyoming. Everyone comes to Yellowstone to see Old Faithful.Although,not the largest geyser (间歇泉) to erupt in the Park,it is the most reliable regarding the time of eruption. The time of the eruption,the length of the eruption and the height of the eruption vary from year to year. As you enter the Park, ask the Park Information Office if he has information on the expected times for the eruption of Old Faithful.
As you drive north on the Grand Loop Road, keep an eye out for wildlife. At Grant Village Junction, turn left (west) and head toward Old Faithful Village. Once at Old Faithful Village, take some time to walk around the boardwalks and visit some of the many other geysers in the Upper Geyser Basin. Include the 1.4-mile walk to Morning Glory Pool, one of the most colorful thermal (热能) features in all of Yellowstone.And do not forget to visit the Old Faithful Inn,which is the single most impressive human structure in Yellowstone.
Continue on north and visit the Lower Geyser Basin. The area is scattered and features regularly erupting geysers, hot springs, and a fascinating mud pool. After leaving the Lower Geyser Basin, continue north to Norris Junction and stay to the right to travel to Norris Geyser Basin. One of Yellowstone’s most popular geyser basins, Norris is home to one of the Park’s most popular geysers and Steamboat. In addition, there are several miles of boardwalks from which you can explore dozens of multi-colored thermal features.
As for more, go on a Sightseeing Tour of Yellowstone to see it all.
Yellowstone Scenic Tours - Private Day Trips
Yellowstone YearRound Adventures
Experience Montana With Front Seat Guided Bus Tour
40．What can you learn from the first paragraph?
A．Some people live in parks all their lives. B．Hardly anyone can see the whole park.
C．The park can provide you with everything. D．It’s enough to spend a few days in the park.
41．What does the underlined phrase “unscheduled stops” refer to?
A．The walking speed of wild animals being affected.
B．Travelers’ stopping and going in the park.
C．The vehicles’ being parked in the proper area.
D．The traffic’s stopping to make way for wild animals.
42．Which of the following travel maps is true according to Paragraph 4-5?
A． B．
C． D．
The world is wasting the opportunity to ”build back better“ from the Covid-19 pandemic, and faces disastrous temperature rises of at least 2.7°C if countries fail to strengthen their climate commitments, according to a report from the UN.
Tuesday’s publication warns that countries’ current commitments would reduce carbon by only about 7.5% by 2030,far less than the 45% cut, which scientists say is needed to limit global temperature rises to 1.5°℃, the aim of the Cop26summit that opens in Glasgow this Sunday.
António Guterres, the UN secretary-general, described the findings as a “thundering wake-up call“ to world leaders. while experts called for action against fossil fuel companies.
Although more than 100 countries have promised to reach net zero emissions around mid-century, this would not be enough to avoid climate disasters, according to the UN emissions report, which examines the shortfall between countries’ intentions and actions needed on the climate. Many of the net zero commitments were found to be unclear, and unless accompanied by strict cuts in emissions this decade would allow global heating of a potentially disastrous extent.
Guterres said: “The heat is on, and as the contents of the report show, the leadership we need is off. Far off. Countries are wasting a massive opportunity to invest Covid-19 finance and recovery resources in sustainable, cost-saving, planet-saving ways. As world leaders prepare for Cop26, this report is another thundering wake-up call. How many do we need?”
Inger Andersen, the director of the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) said: “Climate change is no longer a future problem. It is a now problem. To stand a chance of limiting global warming to 1.5℃, we have 8 years to almost halve greenhouse gas emissions: 8 years to make the plans, put in place the policies, carry them out and deliver the cuts.The clock is ticking loudly.”
Emissions fell by about 5.4% last year during Covid lockdowns, the report found, but only about one-fifth of the economic recovery spending goes towards reducing carbon emissions. This failure to ”build back better“ despite promises by governments around the world cast doubt on the world’s willingness to make the economic shift necessary to settle the climate crisis, the UN said.
In the run-up to Cop26, countries were supposed to submit national plans to cut emissions - called nationally determined contributions (NDCs) - for the next decade, a requirement under the 2015 Paris climate agreement. But the UNEP report found only half of countries had submitted new NDCs, and some governments had presented weak plans.
43．Why were the findings described as a “thundering wake-up call”in Para. 3?
A．Because the world has failed to deliver on its current promises.
B．Because the serious problems were brought about by global fossil fuels.
C．Because a global temperature rise of at least 2.7°C would be a disaster.
D．Because the opportunities presented by covid-19 have been wasted.
44．According to the author, in what circumstances is global warming avoidable?
A．New plans will be made to protect the environment.
B．Measures will be taken to reduce emissions in the coming ten years.
C．Transitions will be made in response to the global climate crisis.
D．Global sustainable environmental resources will be greatly developed.
45．What is the author’s purpose in saying ”How many do we need?“ in Para. 5?
A．To show the number of alarm clocks required.
B．To inquire the number of the countries attending the meeting.
C．To explain the reason for the world’s wasting chances.
D．To stress the need to save energy and reduce emissions.
46．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Few countries have submitted plans to reduce the emissions.
B．Most of the countries work under the Paris Climate Agreement.
C．Plans to cut emissions of many countries are far from satisfactory.
D．Much progress in reducing emissions has been made these years.
五、六选四
Huizhou Architecture Comes to Life
Huizhou has a long history. When successful Huizhou businessmen got old,they often went back to their hometown and built houses to spend their remaining years._____47_____Now, walking along the bluestone streets there,visitors can appreciate the distinctive Huizhou-style houses,featuring white walls,dark tiles (瓦片) and layered horse-head roofs, and feel like they are lost in a traditional Chinese ink painting.
Huizhou architecture, with its long tradition and great diversity, occupies an important place in Chinese architectural landscape, says Zhang Wangnan, director of the China Huizhou Culture Museum in Huangshan. Huizhou houses tend to be built on the natural places, since Huizhou is a mountainous area with few flat areas of land, according to Zhang. Moreover, daylight is valued in Huizhou houses, reflected in the building of open interior courtyards, allowing sunshine to enter the rooms. “Huizhou businessmen also believed that water symbolizes wealth._____48_____It stands for keeping windfall profits,” says Zhang.
Huizhou is famous for its stone, wood and brick carvings, which are widely used to decorate local houses. “____49____In this way,they integrate their aesthetic (审美) values and emotions into the buildings,making them more beautiftul and educating their children through the meanings contained in the patterns,” says Zhang.
_____50_____ “If you look at the outside of a Huizhou house, it seems simple, enclosed by walls, but the insides are open and broad, with complicated decorations. It is just like Huizhou people, who are often reserved toward strangers but friendly when you get to know them.” says Zhang. He also says that Ming houses differ from those of the QingDynasty in many aspects, for example, having fewer horse-head roofs and less complicated carvings.
A．When it rains, water falling on the roof soon flows to the courtyard.
B．Many of their houses are well-preserved today, especially in Xidi and Hongcun.
C．To talk about Huizhou culture, we must first understand Huizhou.
D．People carved beautiful patterns and historical stories on the walls, windows and wooden posts of their houses.
E．Features of Huizhou houses display the characteristics of local people.
F．Huizhou people have established many schools in the field of culture.
六、概要写作
51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
How to Stay Healthy in Autumn
In recent days, the weather in most regions is no longer hot, and people can relax and enjoy the cool autumn. However, there is a big gap in temperature in the morning and evening, and the air is also drier. All of these factors can lead to dry mouth and nose, sore throat, dry cough, dry hair loss and other symptoms. People are more likely to get sick during the seasonal change from summer through autumn. So, here are some tips to keep you healthy and comfortable into the winter months.
Do eat watery food. According to traditional Chinese medicine, autumn corresponds to the lungs of the human body.Pay attention to wet lungs in dry weather.The most convenient and easy way to protect lungs in autumn is to drink more water. In addition, you can adopt the diet therapy of traditional Chinese medicine, eating some watery food, like pear and duck meat.
Do have easily digested food. People’s spleen (牌) and stomach functions are weakened because of the raw and cold food they had during the long, hot summer. So in autumn, you should give your spleen and stomach a rest. For example,you can choose some nutritious food that is easy to digest to eat, such as fish and red bean.
Be sure to take vitamin supplements. Vitamins play an important role in the body’s immune system. The number and vitality of immune cells are related to vitamins when the body resists foreign invasion. It is recommended that you eat plenty of fresh vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C, such as kiwi and oranges.
Sleep is an important means for people to restore their physical strength, ensure their health and enhance their immunity. In autumn, it is suggested that you go to bed at 9 pm, or try to fall asleep before 11 o’clock. If you sleep at this time, it is great for your body and you can get a good quality of sleep.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
七、汉译英（整句）
52．不要乱扔垃圾，你会被罚款的。(or)(汉译英)
53．这家网络公司在全国各地有许多研发中心。(establish) (汉译英)
54．ChatGPT是由人工智能研究实验室OpenAI在2022年11月30日发布的全新聊天机器人模型。(release) (汉译英)
55．《春晓》是唐代诗人孟浩然所作，语言平易浅近，抒发了诗人热爱春天、珍惜春光的美好心情。(whose) (汉译英)
八、开放性作文
56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近学生会对本校全体学生进行了一项关于“博物馆免费开放政策”的问卷调查，结果如下表所示，写一篇调查报告，内容须包括：
1)对调查结果的简单描述;
2)对数据的原因分析;
3)你的看法。
1
博物馆免费情况下会考虑
67.86%
2
免费才去
3.57%
3
持无所谓态度
28.57%
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．where 2．while/when/as 3．to satisfy 4．Located 5．that 6．is blessed 7．can/may 8．breathe 9．exploring 10．most impressive
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了佛罗里达州。对于那些在各个角落寻求不同冒险的人来说，佛罗里达州不会让他们失望。
1．考查定语从句。句意：阳光爱好者会被数百英里的白色沙滩所吸引，在那里他们可以享受阳光，探索水生生物。此处限定性定语从句，先行词是white-sand beaches是先行词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
2．考查时间状语从句。句意：当自然主义者在森林中寻找当地的野生动物或徒步旅行一些国家最美丽的小径时，他们可能会迷失在生态奇观中。此处是时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，应用while/when/as引导。故填while/when/as。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：无论你的热情是什么，只要想满足你对科学和文化的好奇心，就去阳光之州看看吧。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to satisfy。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：位于佛罗里达州东海岸的代托纳海滩(Daytona Beach)充满了要做的事情、要看的地方和一生的经历。固定搭配be located意为“坐落在”，句子主语Daytona Beach和locate之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。故填Located。
5．考查强调句型。句意：它是物理和自然世界的理想结合，承诺让游客一次又一次地回来。强调句型It is/was +强调部分+that+其他成分，其中如果强调部分指人也可用who代替that；该句强调句子的主语the ideal combination of physical and natural world，指物，应用that。故填that。
6．考查动词时态。句意：Daytona Beach拥有长达23英里的美丽白色沙滩。固定搭配be blessed with意为“在……方面有福”；该句在描述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时，且句子主语是单数第三人称。故填is blessed。
7．考查情态动词。句意：这片广阔的土地是这个国家为数不多的可以在海滩上开车的地方之一——这是所有来代托纳海滩的人都应该享受的活动。设空处应用情态动词may/can，表示“可以”。故填can或may。
8．考查祈使句。句意：当你悠闲地沿着海滩行驶时，欣赏风景，呼吸新鲜空气。该句是复合句，主句是祈使句，是并列的祈使句，所以用动词原形。故填breathe。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：或者把车停好，拿条毛巾晒晒太阳，也许还可以享受探索代托纳海滩近海珊瑚礁系统的乐趣。固定搭配enjoy doing sth.“享受做某事”，其中动名词作宾语。故填exploring。
10．考查形容词最高级。句意：生态旅游是观赏佛罗里达州最令人印象深刻的物种的最佳方式之一。此处指“印象最深刻的”，应用形容词最高级。故填most impressive。
11．B 12．K 13．J 14．F 15．D 16．C 17．E 18．G 19．A 20．H
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍系统中的一颗新系外行星。2014年，来自美国宇航局开普勒太空望远镜的数据让天文学家宣布发现了三颗围绕开普勒-138运行的行星。这是基于这颗行星暂时从恒星前面经过时星光的可测量的下降，这是一种凌日现象。
11．考查形容词作定语。句意：这是基于这颗行星暂时从恒星前面经过时星光的可测量的下降，这是一种凌日现象。空后dip是名词，由形容词修饰，measurable是形容词，意为“显著的，可测量的”，符合句意。故选B。
12．考查名词。句意：来自新墨西哥大学的Benneke和他的同事Diana Dragomir提出了在2014年至2016年期间用哈勃和斯皮策太空望远镜重新观测行星系统的想法，以捕捉更多开普勒-138d(该系统中的第三颗行星)的凌日现象，以研究其大气。此处指“行星的系统”，名词system“系统”符合题意。故选K。
13．考查情感形容词。句意：虽然美国宇航局开普勒太空望远镜早期的观测只显示了开普勒-138周围三颗小行星的凌日现象，但Piaulet和她的团队惊讶地发现，哈勃和斯皮策的观测表明，该系统中存在第四颗行星开普勒-138e。此处指团队“感到惊讶”，所以情感形容词surprised“感到惊讶的”符合题意。故选J。
14．考查形容词作定语。句意：这颗行星位于它的恒星的宜居带，这是一个温带地区，在这里，行星从它的冷恒星那里接收到适量的热量，既不太热也不太冷，不允许液态水的存在。空后zone是名词，由形容词修饰，habitable是形容词，意为“可居住的”，符合题意，在句中作定语。故选F。
15．考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意：观测这颗系外行星的凌日可以让天文学家确定它的大小。固定搭配：allow sb. to do sth.其中动词不定式作宾语补足语；此处指“确定”大小，动词determine意为“决定”，符合题意。故选D。
16．考查副词。句意：对于开普勒-138e，之前已知的行星的质量通过凌日时间变化法再次测量，该方法包括跟踪行星在其恒星前面凌日的精确时刻的微小变化，这些变化是由其他附近行星的引力引起的。空后known是过去分词，由副词修饰，此处指“以前”已知的，所以副词previously“从前”符合句意。故选C。
17．考查动名词。句意：对于开普勒-138e，之前已知的行星的质量通过凌日时间变化法再次测量，该方法包括跟踪行星在其恒星前面凌日的精确时刻的微小变化，这些变化是由其他附近行星的引力引起的。介词of后面用动名词作宾语，此处指“跟踪”行星，所以，tracking“跟踪”符合题意。故选E。
18．考查副词。句意：他们发现两个水世界开普勒-138c和d是双行星，它们的大小和质量几乎相同，而之前人们认为它们有很大的不同。此处是副词修饰名词词组，副词virtually“几乎”符合题意。故选G。
19．考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：另一方面，最近的行星开普勒-138b被证实是一颗火星质量的小行星，是迄今为止已知的最小的系外行星之一。该句是一般现在时的被动语态，此处指“被核实”，所以confirmed“核实”符合题意。故选A。
20．考查形容词作表语。句意：随着我们的仪器和技术变得足够灵敏，可以发现和研究离恒星更远的行星，我们可能会开始发现更多像开普勒- 138c和138d这样的水世界。此处指变得“灵敏”，所以形容词sensitive“灵敏的”符合题意。故选H。
21．C 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．C 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是基于挑战的学习方法的优点和对此进行的相关研究。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：接受挑战的学生往往不知道解决方案是什么。A. allow允许；B. introduce介绍；C. accept接受；D. expect期待。根据下文“often don’t know what the solution will be”可知，句子表示“接受挑战的学生往往不知道解决方案是什么”，空格处意为“接受”。故选C。
22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：立陶宛考纳斯理工大学的研究员Vilma Sukacke说:“引导者阻止他们过早地把注意力集中在解决方案上，并鼓励他们从多个角度、从不同的科学角度分析挑战。”A. carrying on继续；B. focusing on集中于；C. applying for申请；D. inquiring about询问。根据下文“encourages to analyze the challenge from multiple points of view, and from different scientific perspectives”可知，句子表示“引导者阻止他们过早地把注意力集中在解决方案上”。故选B。
23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这种学习方法非常适合可持续发展教育，根据许多学者的说法，可持续发展教育需要一个情境化的、问题导向的、反思的、跨学科的、协作的、参与式的和赋权的学习环境。A. cares about关心；B. tells of讲述；C. turns to求助于；D. calls for要求。根据下文“a contextual, problem-oriented, reflective, interdisciplinary (跨学科), collaborative, participatory and empowered learning environment”可知，句子表示“根据许多学者的说法，可持续发展教育需要一个情境化的、问题导向的、反思的、跨学科的、协作的、参与式的和赋权的学习环境”。故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：换句话说，教育工作者必须从传统的以教师为中心的教育转变为以学生为中心的教育的教学设计师。A. shift转变；B. differ不同；C. suffer遭受；D. learn学习。根据下文“from more traditional teacher-centred education to becoming instructional designers of student-centred education”可知，句子表示“教育工作者必须从传统的以教师为中心的教育转变为以学生为中心的教育的教学设计师”。故选A。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了评估这些方法的有效性，一组来自立陶宛、丹麦、德国、葡萄牙和西班牙大学的研究人员进行了系统的文献综述，探索了三种主动学习方法，即根据ADDIE（分析、设计、开发、实现和评估）框架进行基于项目、问题和挑战的学习。A. outcome结果；B. efficiency效率；C. impact影响；D. value价值。根据下文“a group of researchers from Lithuanian, Danish, German, Portuguese and Spanish universities conducted a systematic literature review,_____6_____the three active learning methods, i.e.. project, problem and challenge-based learning according to the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation) framework”可知，句子表示“为了评估这些方法的有效性，一组来自立陶宛、丹麦、德国、葡萄牙和西班牙大学的研究人员进行了系统的文献综述”。故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了评估这些方法的有效性，一组来自立陶宛、丹麦、德国、葡萄牙和西班牙大学的研究人员进行了系统的文献综述，探索了三种主动学习方法，即根据ADDIE（分析、设计、开发、实现和评估）框架进行基于项目、问题和挑战的学习。A. exploring探索；B. applying应用；C. modifying修改；D. explaining解释。根据下文“the three active learning methods”可知，此处表示“探索了三种主动学习方法”。故选A。
27．考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然教育工作者都认为基于问题的学习、基于项目的学习以及最近的基于挑战的学习在教授学生将技术整合到现实生活情境中并提高他们的横向技能（如团队合作、沟通和解决冲突）方面是有效的，但这些方法在课堂上的应用可能对双方都具有挑战性。A. Whether是否；B. As long as只要；C. Although虽然；D. Because因为。根据下文“the application of these methods in the classroom may be challenging for both sides”可知，句子表示“虽然教育工作者都认为基于问题的学习、基于项目的学习以及最近的基于挑战的学习在教授学生将技术整合到现实生活情境中并提高他们的横向技能（如团队合作、沟通和解决冲突）方面是有效的，但这些方法在课堂上的应用可能对双方都具有挑战性”，空格处意为“虽然”，是although，引导让步状语从句。故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然教育工作者都认为基于问题的学习、基于项目的学习以及最近的基于挑战的学习在教授学生将技术整合到现实生活情境中并提高他们的横向技能（如团队合作、沟通和解决冲突）方面是有效的，但这些方法在课堂上的应用可能对双方都具有挑战性。A. develop发展；B. include包括；C. associate联系；D. integrate（使）合并。根据下文“technology in real-life situations and improving their transversal (横向) skills”可知，句子表示“将技术整合到现实生活情境中并提高他们的横向技能”。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的实践中，我注意到有时学生会质疑创新的学习方法，并将其视为一种游戏。A. approving批准；B. questioning质疑；C. preventing阻止；D. adopting采用。根据下文“considering them as a sort of a game”可知，句子表示“有时学生会质疑创新的学习方法”。故选B。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于这些课程通常是在一个充满游戏的环境中进行的，充满了不同的铅笔，彩色的笔记和积木，学生很难把它们当回事。A. affectionately亲切地；B. calmly平静地；C. seriously认真地；D. coolly冷静地。根据上文“these classes often take place in a play full environment, full of different pencils, colorful notes and building blocks”可知，句子表示“由于这些课程通常是在一个充满游戏的环境中进行的，充满了不同的铅笔，彩色的笔记和积木，学生很难把它们当回事”，take sth. seriously意为“认真对待某事”。故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，将方法和目标清楚地传达给学习者是非常重要的。A. transfer转移；B. change改变；C. communicate传达，传递；D. express表达。根据下文“the methods and the goals to the learners very clearly”可知，此处表示“将方法和目标清楚地传达给学习者”。故选C。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，这种努力是有回报的，尤其是当学生们继续在校外活动，专注于解决真正的社会问题时。A. pays off得到回报；B. goes away走开；C. gives off发出；D. breaks down出故障。根据上文“According to her, to successfully apply unconventional teaching methods is a challenge for a beginning teacher. However”和however表转折可知，此处表示“然而，这种努力是有回报的，尤其是当学生们继续在校外活动，专注于解决真正的社会问题时”。故选A。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这种努力是有回报的，尤其是当学生们继续在校外活动，专注于解决真正的社会问题时。A. subjective主观的；B. real真正的；C. imaginary虚构的；D. virtual虚拟的。根据下文“social problems”可知，此处表示“解决真正的社会问题”。故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究者认为，CBL、PJBL和PBL的实现需要范式转变，组织、员工和学生改变对教育和学习的看法。A. combination结合；B. organization组织；C. realization实现；D. cooperation合作。根据下文“of CBL, PJBL, and PBL requires a paradigm (范式) shift, where organization, staff and students change their view to education and learning”可知，CBL、PJBL和PBL的实现需要范式转变，故选C。
35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这个过程中，老师和学生都需要应用新的技能，承担他们以前可能不需要的角色。A. take on承担；B. put away放好；C. send for派人去叫；D. deal with处理。根据下文“roles that they might not have needed before”可知，此处表示“承担他们以前可能不需要的角色”。故选A。
36．B 37．C 38．D 39．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍马德里普拉多博物馆(Prado Museum)收藏的一幅蒙娜丽莎这样的复制品。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The sitter’s mysterious smile and her unproven identity have made the painting a source of ongoing investigation and fascination.（画中人神秘的微笑和她未经证实的身份使这幅画成为人们不断研究和迷恋的源泉。）”可知，从第1段我们可以了解到关于蒙娜丽莎她的微笑和身份引起人们的好奇。故选B。
37．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“One such copy at the Prado Museum in Madrid was thought to have been painted years after the original.（马德里普拉多博物馆(Prado Museum)收藏的一幅这样的复制品被认为是在原作之后多年绘制的。）”和“‘the Prado version’became the only known copy completed during Leonardo’s lifetime.（“the Prado version”成为莱昂纳多在世时唯一已知的复制品。）”可知，the Prado version是来自普拉多博物馆的复制品。故选C。
38．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Collectors have not shut out these fine copies, some of which have not only made it into the house, but also sold for high prices. Is it really worth it to pay a high price for an art reproduction? This issue is getting more and more attention from collectors.（收藏家们并没有把这些精美的复制品拒之门外，其中一些复制品不仅进了房子，而且还卖了高价。花高价买一件艺术品真的值得吗?这个问题越来越受到收藏者的关注。）”可知，收藏者不拒绝这些精美的复制品，是因为高回报。故选D。
39．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“‘the Prado version’ became the only known copy completed during Leonardo’s lifetime. Conservators cleaned the entire painting and removed its black background, revealing a detailed landscape resembling Leonardo’s version and vibrant colors, possibly arousing those of the original before the paint applied by early restorers darkened over time.（普拉多版本”成为了唯一已知的达芬奇在世时完成的复制品。修复人员清理了整幅画，去掉了黑色的背景，呈现出与达·芬奇版本相似的细节景观和鲜艳的色彩，可能唤起了早期修复者涂上的颜料随着时间的推移而变暗之前的原作。）”，可知，文章介绍了Mona Lisas的复制品，所以Other Mona Lisas为最佳标题。故选B。
40．B 41．D 42．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍对黄石国家公园的旅游，让你在2到3天内将能够到达大部分的亮点。
40．推理判断题。根据第一段“If you really want to see all that Yellowstone Park has to offer, it would take you a lifetime! However, most of us do not have a lifetime to spend in Yellowstone, but in 2-3 full days, you will be able to hit most of the highlights.（如果你真的想看到黄石公园提供的一切，它将花费你一生的时间!然而，我们大多数人都没有一辈子的时间在黄石公园度过，但在2-3天内，你将能够到达大部分的亮点。）”可知，从第一段我们可以知道“几乎没有人能看到整个公园。”故选B。
41．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“If you plan to get off the bus and visit the park, it will take at least 1.2 to 2 hours at almost every stop.（如果你打算下车参观公园，几乎每一站都需要至少1.2到2个小时。）”和划线后面的内容“such as waiting for wild animals to cross the road（比如等待野生动物过马路）”，由此推测划线词的意思是“车辆停下来给野生动物让路。”故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据第四段中“As you drive north on the Grand Loop Road, keep an eye out for wildlife. At Grant Village Junction, turn left (west)and head toward Old Faithful Village.（当您沿着大环路向北行驶时，请留意野生动物。在Grant Village Junction，左转(向西)，向Old Faithful Village方向前进。）”和第五段中“Continue on north and visit the Lower Geyser Basin. The area is scattered and features regularly erupting geysers, hot springs, and a fascinating mud pool. After leaving the Lower Geyser Basin, continue north to Norris Junction and stay to the right to travel to Norris Geyser Basin.（继续向北，参观下间歇泉盆地。该地区分布分散，以定期喷发的间歇泉、温泉和迷人的泥池为特色。离开下间歇泉盆地后，继续向北前往诺里斯枢纽，并停留在右侧前往诺里斯间歇泉盆地。）”可知，从the Grand Loop Road开始，然后到Old Faithful Village，再到the Lower Geyser Basin，最后到Norris。故选C。
43．C 44．B 45．D 46．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。根据联合国的一份报告，世界正在浪费从Covid-19大流行中“更好地重建”的机会，如果各国不能加强其气候承诺，世界将面临至少2.7摄氏度的灾难性气温上升。文章介绍全球减排的重要性和所采取的措施。
43．推理判断题。根据第一段“The world is wasting the opportunity to ‘build back better’ from the Covid-19 pandemic, and faces disastrous temperature rises of at least 2.7°C if countries fail to strengthen their climate commitments, according to a report from the UN.（根据联合国的一份报告，世界正在浪费从Covid-19大流行中“更好地重建”的机会，如果各国不能加强其气候承诺，世界将面临至少2.7摄氏度的灾难性气温上升。）”可知，在第3段中，之所以这些发现被描述为“雷鸣般的警钟”，是因为全球气温上升至少2.7摄氏度将是一场灾难。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据第四段“Although more than 100 countries have promised to reach net zero emissions around mid-century, this would not be enough to avoid climate disasters, according to the UN emissions report, which examines the shortfall between countries’ intentions and actions needed on the climate. Many of the net zero commitments were found to be unclear, and unless accompanied by strict cuts in emissions this decade would allow global heating of a potentially disastrous extent.（联合国排放报告指出，尽管100多个国家承诺在本世纪中叶左右实现净零排放，但这仍不足以避免气候灾难。该报告审视了各国在气候问题上的意图与所需行动之间的差距。人们发现，许多净零承诺并不明确，除非在这十年严格削减排放，否则全球变暖将达到潜在的灾难性程度。）”可知，根据作者的观点，在未来十年只有采取减少排放的措施，全球变暖才可以避免。故选B。
45．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Countries are wasting a massive opportunity to invest Covid-19 finance and recovery resources in sustainable, cost-saving, planet-saving ways. As world leaders prepare for Cop26, this report is another thundering wake-up call.（各国正在浪费以可持续、节约成本和保护地球的方式投入Covid-19融资和恢复资源的巨大机会。在世界各国领导人为Cop26做准备之际，这份报告再次敲响了警钟。）”和第六段中“Climate change is no longer a future problem. It is a now problem. To stand a chance of limiting global warming to 1.5℃, we have 8 years to almost halve greenhouse gas emissions: 8 years to make the plans, put in place the policies, carry them out and deliver the cuts.（气候变化不再是未来的问题。这是一个现在的问题。为了有机会将全球变暖控制在1.5℃以内，我们有8年的时间将温室气体排放量减少近一半:8年的时间来制定计划、实施政策、执行并实现减排。）”，可知，在第5段作者说“How many do we need?”的目的是强调节能减排的必要性。故选D。
46．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the run-up to Cop26, countries were supposed to submit national plans to cut emissions - called nationally determined contributions (NDCs) - for the next decade, a requirement under the 2015 Paris climate agreement. But the UNEP report found only half of countries had submitted new NDCs, and some governments had presented weak plans.（在Cop26的筹备阶段，各国应该提交未来十年的国家减排计划，即国家自主贡献(NDCs)，这是2015年巴黎气候协议的要求。但联合国环境规划署的报告发现，只有一半的国家提交了新的国家自主贡献，一些政府提出的计划也很薄弱。）”，可知，从最后一段可以推断出“许多国家的减排计划远不能令人满意。”故选C。
47．B 48．A 49．D 50．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。徽州建筑走进生活。文章介绍徽州的建筑特色。
47．根据上文提示“When successful Huizhou businessmen got old,they often went back to their hometown and built houses to spend their remaining years.（当成功的徽州商人老了，他们经常回到家乡盖房子度过余生。）”可知，下面应该讲述在家乡盖的房子。承接上文，B项Many of their houses are well-preserved today, especially in Xidi and Hongcun.（他们的许多房屋今天保存完好，特别是在西递和宏村。）切题。故选B。
48．根据上文提示“Huizhou businessmen also believed that water symbolizes wealth.（徽商也认为水是财富的象征。）”，再根据下文提示“It stands for keeping windfall profits（它代表着保留暴利）”，可知，下雨流到家里的水是财富。承接上下文，A项When it rains, water falling on the roof soon flows to the courtyard.（下雨时，落在屋顶上的水很快就流到了院子里。）切题。下文中的it指代“流到家里的水”。故选A。
49．根据上文提示“Huizhou is famous for its stone, wood and brick carvings, which are widely used to decorate local houses.（徽州以石雕、木雕和砖雕而闻名，它们被广泛用于装饰当地的房屋。）”，可知，下面在讲述与carvings有关的事情。再根据下文提示“In this way, they integrate their aesthetic(审美)values and emotions into the buildings, making them more beautiful and educating their children through the meanings contained in the patterns,（通过这种方式，他们将自己的审美价值观和情感融入到建筑中，使它们变得更加美丽，并通过图案中包含的意义教育他们的孩子，）”可知，In this way指设空处的雕刻模式。所以，D项People carved beautiful patterns and historical stories on the walls, windows and wooden posts of their houses.（人们在房子的墙壁、窗户和木桩上雕刻美丽的图案和历史故事。）切题。故选D。
50．根据下文提示“If you look at the outside of a Huizhou house, it seems simple, enclosed by walls, but the insides are open and broad, with complicated decorations. It is just like Huizhou people, who are often reserved toward strangers but friendly when you get to know them.（如果你看一看徽州房屋的外部，它看起来很简单，被墙壁包围，但内部是开放和广阔的，有复杂的装饰。就像徽州人一样，他们对陌生人往往是含蓄的，但当你了解他们时，你会很友好。）”可知，这里在讲徽州房子的特色。顺承下文，E项Features of Huizhou houses display the characteristics of local people.（徽州民居的特色体现了当地人的特色。）切题。故选E。
51．People are more likely to get sick in autumn. Here are some tips to stay healthy. First, eat watery foods like pears, duck meat and easily digestible foods with nutrition. Second, take vitamin supplements or plenty of fresh fruits. Third, have a good sleep. Going to bed before 11 pm is good for health.(54 words)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍秋天如何保持健康。
【详解】1.要点摘录 （1）People are more likely to get sick during the seasonal change from summer through autumn. So, here are some tips to keep you healthy and comfortable into the winter months.（2）Do eat watery food. According to traditional Chinese medicine, autumn corresponds to the lungs of the human body.（3）Do have easily digested food. People’s spleen(牌) and stomach functions are weakened because of the raw and cold food they had during the long, hot summer. （4）Be sure to take vitamin supplements. Vitamins play an important role in the body’s immune system. （5）Sleep is an important means for people to restore their physical strength, ensure their health and enhance their immunity.
2.缜密构思 将第2、3两个要点进行重组。
3.遣词造句 People are more likely to get sick in autumn. Here are some tips to stay healthy. First, eat watery foods like pears, duck meat and easily digestible foods with nutrition. Second, take vitamin supplements or plenty of fresh fruits. Third, have a good sleep by going to bed before 11 pm is good for health.
【点睛】[高分句型1] here are some tips to keep you healthy and comfortable into the winter months.运用倒装句且动词不定式作后置定语。
[高分句型2]Going to bed before 11 pm is good for health. 动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。对最后一段进行了概括、总结。
[高分句型3]Second, take vitamin supplements or plenty of fresh fruits.该句使用祈使句，对第四段进行了概括。
52．Don’t litter everywhere, or you will be fined.
【详解】考查固定句型。固定句型：祈使句，+and/or+表示将来的陈述句，是由并列连词and或or连接的并列句，其中and表示“和”，or表示“否则”。“不要乱扔垃圾”翻译为“Don’t litter everywhere”；“否则你会被罚款的”的英文表达是or you will be fined，其中谓语动词用一般将来时的被动语态。故答案为Don’t litter everywhere, or you will be fined.
53．The internet company has established many research and development centers across the country.
【详解】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。该句在描述到目前为止已经完成的事情，句子用现在完成时；“这家网络公司”的英文表达是the internet company，在句中作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；“有许多研发中心”的英文表达是establish many research and development centers；“在全国各地”的英文表达是across the country。故答案为The internet company has established many research and development centers across the country.
54．CHATGPT is a new chatbot model released by Artificial Intelligence Research Lab OpenAI on November 30,2022.
【详解】考查一般现在时、主谓一致和过去分词作后置定语。该句在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，ChatGPT是句子主语，谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式；“人工智能研究实验室OpenAI”的英文表达是Artificial Intelligence Research Lab OpenAI；“在2022年11月30日”的英文表达是on November 30,2022；“发布的全新聊天机器人模型”的英文表达是a new chatbot model released，released作后置定语，修饰a new chatbot model，且二者之间是被动关系。故整句翻译为CHATGPT is a new chatbot model released by Artificial Intelligence Research Lab OpenAI on November 30,2022.
55．“Spring Dawn” was written in the Tang Dynasty by the poet named Meng Haoran, whose poem was characterized by the use of simple language and expressions to show his love and appreciation for spring.
【详解】考查过去分词作后置定语、whose引导的非限制性定语从句和一般过去时的被动语态。“《春晓》是唐代诗人孟浩然所作”的英文表达是“Spring Dawn was written in the Tang Dynasty by the poet named Meng Haoran，”其中谓语动词是一般过去时的被动语态was written，过去分词named是后置定语；“语言平易浅近”的英文表达是whose poem was characterized by the use of simple language，其中Meng Haoran作先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作定语，从句由关系代词whose引导（在从句中作定语），从句的谓语动词是一般过去时的被动语态was characterized by（以……为特征）；“抒发了诗人热爱春天、珍惜春光的美好心情”的英文表达是expressions to show his love and appreciation for spring，其中动词不定式作后置定语，由and连接the use of simple language和expressions并列作by的宾语，故答案为“Spring Dawn” was written in the Tang Dynasty by the poet named Meng Haoran, whose poem was characterized by the use of simple language and expressions to show his love and appreciation for spring.
56．Recently, I conducted a questionnaire survey on the "free admission policy of museums" among senior high school students.
As is shown in the picture, 67.86% of students would consider museums free of charge, which really surprises me. 3.57% of students went for free. 28.57% hold the indifferent attitude. But what accounts for the huge gap between students? In my opinion, 67.86% of the students may like to study but the family conditions are not good, there is no such expenditure, so they will consider free of charge. 3.57% of students are not interested in museums because they do not love studying, so it is free for them to go. However, 28.57% of the students are indifferent because their family conditions are good and they like to go to museums to increase their knowledge. They will go there anyway.
Personally, under the condition of free, students should visit there regularly to learn some extracurricular knowledge, which will be of great help to enrich their experience, broaden our knowledge and make us a knowledgeable person.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近学生会对本校全体学生进行了一项关于“博物馆免费开放政策”的问卷调查，结果如下表所示，写一篇调查报告，内容须包括：对调查结果的简单描述；对数据的原因分析；你的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
免费：free of charge→for free→for nothing
有益的：be of great help → be helpful
就个人而言：personally→in one’s opinion
拓宽：broaden→ widen
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Recently, I conducted a questionnaire survey on the “free admission policy of museums” among senior high school students.
拓展句：Recently, I conducted a questionnaire survey which is on the “free admission policy of museums” among senior high school students.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As is shown in the picture, 67.86% of students would consider museums free of charge, which really surprises me.（运用了as和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】However, 28.57% of the students are indifferent because their family conditions are good and they like to go to museums to increase their knowledge.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
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