专题41 应用文写作之道歉信和感谢信-2023年高考英语一轮复习 精讲与精练资料（教师版）

专题41 应用文写作之道歉信和感谢信

《考点•题型 •技巧》

感谢信是历年高考书面表达的热门话题，用于致谢他人的馈赠、款待、帮助、以及对慰问和祝贺信的回复。信件不适宜过长，只需写明感谢他人的理由，信文要感情真挚，措辞得体。人称使用第一人称和第二人称，时态用一般现在时。

道歉信是针对日常生活中出现一些差错，如失约、损坏东西等情形下，向对方写的信，以消除不必要的误解，维系正常的关系。道歉信除应及时写之外，还必须写得诚恳，歉意应发自内心，决不可敷衍塞责。再则，事情的原委要解释清楚，措辞应当委婉。写好道歉信的关键在于措辞要朴实、委婉，语气要诚恳、真挚，解释要详细明了。

感谢信通常包括三部分内容：

1.  表达感激之情，简单陈述的原因；

2.  说明要感谢的事由或介绍一些的情况。

3.  再次表示真诚的感谢，并表真诚的祝福。有时可向对方发出邀请

道歉信通常包括三部分内容：

1. 表示歉意，道歉的原由；

2. 解释原因，提出弥补措施；

3. 请求原谅。语言要诚挚，解释的理由要真实。

【常用词汇】

感谢信常用词汇

1 .thank sb. for sth. /doing sth.      因某事而感激某人

2. be grateful to sb. for sth.      因某事而感激某人

3. show/express/extend/convey my sincere thanks/gratitude to sb. for sth.  向某人表达我诚挚的谢意

4.in trouble                陷入困境

5. make great／good progress            取得很大的进步

6.in/during/over the past/last four years          过去四年

7. be admitted to/into a university             被一所大学录取

8.say thanks to you for helping me           谢谢你帮助我

9. How time flies!              时间过得真快！

10．As time goes on/goes by/with time going on/going by     随着时间的推移

11. thanks to/owing to/because of your help        多亏了你的帮助

12.enjoy myself             玩得高兴

13.pay a visit to.             去参观，拜访

14. have a better understanding of…           对……有更好的理解

15.a place of interest              名胜

道歉信常用词汇

1. keep promise  信守诺言
2. be absent/present from 缺席/出席
3. apologize to sb.for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
4. show an apology to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉
5. make an apology to sb.for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
6. say sorry to sb. 对某人说抱歉
7. beg your forgiveness for 恳求你的原谅
8. cause inconvenience 造成不便
9. miss/cancel the appointment错过/取消约会
10. make up for.…弥补
11. express my regret表达我的道歉
12. be considerate of 体谅
13. accept my apology接受我的道歉
14. conflict with... 与……冲突
15. have no choice/option but to do sth.除了做某事别无选择
16. make a choice选择

【常用句型】

感谢信常用句型

1. My true gratitude is beyond any words/description. 任何语言都无法表达我真挚的谢意。

2. We all thank you and are very grateful for what you did for us. 我们非常感激你为我们做的一切。

3. I am writing to express my thanks for your helping me improve my spoken English. 我写这封信是为了表达你帮我提高英语口语的谢意。

4. Thank you again for your wonderful hospitality and I am looking forward to seeing you soon. 再次感谢你的盛情招待，我非常期待不久会看到你。

5. I’d like to take this opportunity to express my great appreciation for your timely help and assistance. 我谨借此机会感谢你给我及时的帮助和支持。

6. Thank you so much for your generous help.非常感谢您慷慨的帮助。

7.I am sincerely grateful to you for your timely help.我真诚地感谢你及时的帮助。

8.I am so grateful to you for what you have done for me.我很感谢你为我所做的一切。

9. I would like to convey my thanks to you for your kind help.我想感谢你的帮助。

10. For this reason, I am writing this letter to express my sincere thanks to you.为此，我写这封信是为了表达我对你真诚的感谢。

11.Thanks to your help, I have made rapid progress in ....多亏了你的帮助，在...我取得了了飞速的进步。

12. Without/But for your help(lf it were not for your help) ,I would not have made so much progress in my English. 要是没有你的帮助，我的英语不会取得如此大的进步。

13.1 extend you again a thousand thanks for the great favor.我太感谢你的帮助了。

14. 1 would appreciate it if you could accept my sincere thanks.如你能接受我诚挚的感谢，我不胜感激。

15. Your kindness and help will always be remembered.我将永远铭记你的善意和帮助。

道歉信常用句型

1. I am writing to apologize for…我写信是为……道歉。
2. I would like to give you my apology for…我想……向你道歉。
3. I am very sorry to say that…我很抱歉……
4. I must apologize about (not) doing sth…对于做了/没做……，我必须道歉。
5. Please accept my sincere apology for…请接受我对于^的真诚道歉。
6. I am terribly sorry, but…我很抱歉，但是……
7. I want you to know how bad we feel about it and to assure you that it will happen again.

我想让你知道我们有多难过，我向你保证这不会再发生了。

8. I hope that this does not cause you too much inconvenience.我希望这不会给你带来太多的不便。
9. It would be very kind( considerate)of you to give me another chance to do sth. I promise it will never happen again.你太好了，再给我一次机会做某事。我保证不会再发生这种事情。
10. If it is convenient for you, let's have another appointment to do sth.如方便的话，我们再约去做某事。
11. Would you mind if I change the appointment time?你会介意我改变约会的时间吗?
12. By the way, can we have dinner together some time next week?顺便说一下，下周约个时间一起吃晚饭好吗?
13. ls it possible that I make up for the loss by doing sth.?可能让我做某事来弥补损失吗?
14. Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.我对于所造成的任何不便再次道歉。
15. Please allow me to say sorry again.请允许我再一次说抱歉。
16. I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies.

我真诚的希望你能够站在我的位置想一想，并且接受我的道歉。

17. I want to let you know how regretful I am feeling now.我想让你知道我现在感觉多么的遗憾。

【题型分析】

【题型一感谢信】

假定你是李华，是某市外国语学校的学生。请你用英语给外教Mr. Green写一封感谢信，感谢他捡到并归还你的钱包。内容包括:

1. 写信目的；

2. 解释事情经过；

3. 表示感谢。

注意:

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

Dear Mr. Green,

I’m Li Hua. I’m writing to thank you for picking up my lost wallet and returning it.

Last Saturday, I played table tennis with my friends in the gym. However, my wallet dropped out of my pocket when I left. I was rather anxious when I found my wallet gone. My student card, meal card and bank card were all in the wallet, without which I would get into trouble. You don’t know how excited I was when they told me you had returned my wallet to the school office.

Your kind behavior means a lot to me. Thank you again for your kindness.

Yours,

Li Hua

【写作步骤】

本文为书信体作文。请用英语给外教Mr. Green写一封感谢信，感谢他捡到并归还你的钱包。书信体作文，一般包括三个部分。第一部分叙述写信的原因或目的。本文为感谢外教Mr. Green捡到并归还你的钱包。第二部分是正文。本部分主要内容为解释事情的经过及表示感谢。因为所给的信息较少，所以本部分要适当加以发挥，如写出钱包里的东西有什么，如何重要。因此对于对方归还钱包非常感谢。第三部分再次感谢对方，并期待对方的来信。

【写作亮点】

本文结构完整，涵盖所有要点，语气恰当，符合书信体作文的要求。文中运用了一些较高级的词汇如thank …for… ；pick up；drop out；get into trouble，使文章的内容更加丰富多彩。文章的句式相对灵活多变，运用了较多的长句。 文章以简单句为主，辅之一个复杂句You don’t know how excited I was when they told me you had returned my wallet to the school office.。文中多处运用了复合句，如状语从句my wallet dropped out of my pocket when I left.和定语从句My student card, meal card and bank card were all in the wallet, without which I would get into trouble.。这使得文章很有档次。

【题型二感谢信】

假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：

1. 表示感谢； 2. 回顾Alex对你的帮助；3. 临别祝愿。

注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【品读范文】

Dear Alex,

Learning that you’re leaving for the United States soon, I’m eagerly writing to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help.

Honestly speaking, it’s so nice of you to offer me a class of practical learning skills. Under your professional guidance, I have made such unbelievable progress in English. It’s indeed a pleasant surprise for me to even rank first in a recent English speech contest. Whenever I encounter difficulties, you always cheer me up and help me out, which fuels my enthusiasm for English and promotes me to regain tremendous confidence. No words are strong enough to convey how grateful I am.

Thanks again and wish you a pleasant journey home.

Yours,

Li Hua

【提分词汇】

1. Honestly speaking 诚实地说
2.  practical learning skills实用的学习技巧
3. Under your professional guidance在你专业的指导下
4.  unbelievable progress 令人难以置信的进步
5.  a pleasant surprise 令人兴奋的惊喜
6.  rank first 排名第一

【亮点句型】

1. Learning that you’re leaving for the United States soon, I’m eagerly writing to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help.得知您即将动身去美国，我热切地写信向您表达我衷心的感谢，感谢您的帮助。
2. Whenever I encounter difficulties, you always cheer me up and help me out, which fuels my enthusiasm for English and promotes me to regain tremendous confidence. 每当我遇到困难时，你总是给我打气，帮助我走出困境，这激发了我学习英语的热情，使我重拾信心。
3. No words are strong enough to convey how grateful I am.任何语言都不足以表达我的感激之情。

1．假设你是李明，你因生病没能按时上交李老师安排的作业。请你用英语给他写一封道歉信，内容包括：

1. 向他道歉

2. 解释原因

3. 保证尽快补交作业。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯

3. 信的开头和结尾已经给出，但是不计入总词数

Dear Mr.Li

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Your student

Li Ming

【参考范文】

Dear Mr. Li

I am one of your students in Class Two, Grade Three. I m writing to apologize for not handing in my homework on time

I am one of the students who enjoy your class a lot. And I like doing my homework which is always very interesting as well as practical. However, I caught a bad cold and had a high fever, which made me have a headache and sleep all day. So bad did I feel that I couldn’t do my homework in time. Thus, I didn’t finish it

I am really sorry for giving you so much trouble. I am feeling better now and I will finish my homework as soon as possible.

Your student

Li Ming

【写作步骤】

第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；你因生病没能按时上交李老师安排的作业。请你用英语给他写一封道歉信，内容包括：1. 向他道歉2. 解释原因3. 保证尽快补交作业。

第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如： apologize for （为某事道歉），on time（按时），interesting as well as practical（有趣又实用），have a high fever（发高烧），have a headache（头痛），in time（及时），as soon as possible（尽快）等。

第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。

本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。

【写作亮点】

范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如And I like doing my homework which is always very interesting as well as practical. 运用定语从句修饰先行词homework；So bad did I feel that I couldn’t do my homework in time. 运用了倒装句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。

2、假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：

1.表示歉意； 2.说明原因； 3.另约时间。

注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【品读范文】

Dear Bob,

I’m sorry to say that I can't go to the bookshop with you on Sunday morning as we planned last week. I am writing to apologize for breaking my promise.

Here is the reason why I can’t go to the bookstore with you. Since the final exam is just around the corner, I decide to stay at home to go over my lessons. You know, I didn’t do well in the last exam. So I want to devote all my spare time to working on my lessons in order to get good scores in the final exam.

I am wondering if we can go to the bookstore on the second Sunday in January. Sorry again for the inconvenience caused to you.

Yours,

Li Hua

【提分词汇】

1. break my promise 打破诺言
2.  do well in 在...做得好
3.  devote... to doing sth.致力于做...
4.  get good scores 取得高分数

【亮点句型】

1. I’m sorry to say that I can't go to the bookshop with you on Sunday morning as we planned last week. .很抱歉，我不能按照我们上周的计划在星期天上午和你一起去书店了。
2. Here is the reason why I can’t go to the bookstore with you. 这就是我不能和你一起去书店的原因。
3.  So I want to devote all my spare time to working on my lessons in order to get good scores in the final exam. 所以我想把我所有的业余时间都用来学习我的功课，以便在期末考试中取得好成绩。

3．假如你是李华，你约好昨天去公交车站接你的朋友 Dylan，但你却迟到了 10 分钟，令他很失望。 请用英语给他写一封道歉信，要点如下:

1.  向他表示道歉; 2. 表达你对此事的认识; 3.  请求他的原谅。

注意:1.词数 80 左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;

3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Dylan，

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

【参考范文】

Dear Dylan,

I apologize for not arriving on time to pick you up from the bus station yesterday. I have no excuse for keeping you waiting for so long.

Next time, I’ll make sure to leave early enough in order to arrive as scheduled, or even ahead of schedule.

I humbly ask your forgiveness. I hope my mistake won’t prevent you from seeking my help in the future. I’m always happy to be of service.

Yours,

Li Hua

【写作步骤】

第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封道歉信：假如你是李华，你约好昨天去公交车站接你的朋友 Dylan，但你却迟到了 10 分钟，令他很失望。 请用英语给他写一封道歉信，要点如下:1.  向他表示道歉; 2. 表达你对此事的认识; 3.  请求他的原谅。时态应为一般现在时。

第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； apologize（道歉），humbly（谦逊地），forgiveness（原谅），mistake（错误）， prevent（阻止）及seek（寻求）等。

第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。

本文内容完整，层次分明，结构紧凑，表达准确。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。

【写作亮点】

范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有on time（按时），pick up sb（接某人），make sure (确保)，in order to（为了……），as scheduled（按照预定时间）及ahead of（提前），而且还使用了宾语从句“I hope my mistake won’t prevent you from seeking my help in the future.”，非谓语动词“I apologize for not arriving on time to pick you up from the bus station yesterday.”及“I have no excuse for keeping you waiting for so long.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。

4、假定你是李华，你所在的山西国际学校要征集一封英文感谢信，以致意奋战在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎第一线的医护人员，请你根据下列要点写一封信用于投稿。
1. 表达谢意；2. 个人感受；3. 表达信心。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头语和结束语已为你写好。
参考词汇：流行病epidemic 疫情 epidemic situation 新型冠状病毒 novel corona virus

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【范文】

Dear Medical workers，

I am Li Hua,a high middle school student in Shanxi. I'm writing to express sincere gratitude to you all for your

 devotion and sacrifice in this battle against the Novel Corona Virus.

In this epidemic, it is you who, despite the lack of equipment and the potential of infection, desperately 

rescue those infected but striving for life. It is also you who have shed new light on the virus with expertise to build up our confidence to defeat it. It is you who deserve all the admiration and love!

I can never express our thankfulness too much for your selfless contribution. It's widely believed that our joint efforts China will win the battle and make a quick recovery.

Good luck and stay well!

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

5．你是李华，父亲节即将来临，在父亲节这天，需要说哪些话语来感谢自己的父亲呢？请根据以下要点用英文给父亲写一封感谢信。内容包括：

1. 感谢养育之恩；

2. 感谢父亲在你遇到挫折时给你鼓励和安慰；

3. 感谢父亲在你成功时以你为荣；

4.爱父亲。

注意：1. 词数80左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节，已使行文连贯。

Dear Father,

With Father’s Day approaching,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

Dear Father,

With Father’s Day approaching, I want to express my gratitude to you for bringing me up from the bottom of my heart.(要点一) Never will I forget the timely encouragement and comfort you gave to me whenever I was faced with difficulties(要点二) and the pride in your eyes when I achieved my goals(要点三). Without you, I would not go further confidently and bravely.

Your love can never be repaid but I am determined to work hard and never make you disappointed. I love you, Father(要点四)!

Yours,

Li Hua

【写作步骤】

第1步：根据提示可知，本文是一封书信：你是李华，父亲节即将来临，在父亲节这天，需要说哪些话语来感谢自己的父亲呢？请根据以下要点用英文给父亲写一封感谢信。内容包括：

1. 感谢养育之恩；

2. 感谢父亲在你遇到挫折时给你鼓励和安慰；

3. 感谢父亲在你成功时以你为荣；

4.爱父亲。

第2步：根据写作要求确定关键词，如：bringing sb up,be faced with, achieve one’s goal, be determined to do sth 等。

第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。

第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。

【写作亮点】

本篇范文语言优美，情真意切。其中使用了一些高级句型让人眼前一亮。如：“Never will I forget the timely encouragement and comfort you gave to me whenever I was faced with difficulties”否定词位于句首的倒装句，增强语气。“Without you, I would not go further confidently and bravely.”虚拟语气，渲染气氛。这些句型是使用大大增强了本文的感染力，可供大家借鉴。

6、假设你是李华，你本来计划周六下午要去参加好朋友Tom生日晚会，但你因故不能赴约。请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件：

1.   表示歉意；2. 解释原因；3. 祝福他生日快乐。

注意：1. 词数120~150；2. 可适当增加细节。

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【范文】

Dear Tom,

How is everything going with you?

I’m terribly sorry that I’m not able to go to your birthday party this Saturday afternoon. I’m in Beijing now because my mother is seriously ill and will have an operation here. She is in bad need of my care these days, so I’m staying here to take care of her in the hospital.

I wish you a happy birthday and hope everything will go well with the party. By the way, I have sent you the latest CD of Xu Song. I hope you’ll like this birthday present.

I’m looking forward to seeing you soon.

Yours,

Li Hua       

7、假如你是李华，上周在外教Mr.Jackson的口语课上使用手机被老师发现，手机被收走。请给外教写一封道歉信，内容应包括以下要点：

1.表示歉意；2.解释上课使用手机的原因；3.提出自己的请求并适当表态。

注意：可适当添加细节使文章连贯；字数100左右；

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【范文】

Dear Mr. Jackson,

I’m really sorry about my using the mobile phone in your lecture last week. Please accept my heart-felt apology for being so rude a student.

I know any word might sound a made-up excuse. But I didn’t use the mobile phone for no reason. I was trying to apply to some American universities last week and that day, I got an offer and they needed my further information immediately. Therefore, I had no other choice but to try sending them a text message in class and that was exactly what I was doing when you discovered. I promise it will never happen again. But I do need my phone back to get in touch with others. Will you be kind enough to give it back to me?

I sincerely hope you can accept my apology and understand my situation.

Yours,

Li Hua