2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习突破练习 004-课时作业4 UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS（教用）

这是一份2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习突破练习 004-课时作业4 UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS（教用），共11页。试卷主要包含了5分，5分，共20分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
分值：47.5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共20分）
A
A new study invlving nearly 50,000 peple frm fur cntinents ffers new insights int identifying the quantity f daily walking steps that will best imprve adults' health and lngevity（长寿）, and whether the ideal number f steps differs acrss peple f different ages. The study represents an effrt t develp an evidence-based public health message abut the benefits f physical activity. The ften-repeated 10,000-step-a-day saying grew ut f a decades-ld marketing activity fr a Japanese pedmeter（计步器）, with n science t back it up.
Led by physical activity prfessr Amanda Paluch, an internatinal grup f scientists cnducted an experiment amng adults aged 18 and lder. They gruped the nearly 50,000 participants int fur cmparative grups accrding t average steps per day. The lwest step grup averaged 3,500 steps; the secnd, 5,800; the third, 7,800; and the furth, 10,900 steps per day. Amng the three higher active grups, there was a 40%-53% lwer risk f death, cmpared t the lwest step grup.
Mre specifically, fr adults 60 and lder, the risk f early death leveled ff at abut 6,000-8,000 steps per day, meaning that mre steps than that prvided n additinal benefit fr lngevity, while fr adults yunger than 60, abut 8,000-10,000 steps per day.
“S, what we saw was this cntinuing reductin in risk as the number f steps increases, until it levels ff. Interestingly, the study fund n definitive assciatin with walking speed,” Paluch says.
The new study supprts and expands findings frm anther study led by Paluch befre, which fund that walking at least 7,000 steps a day reduced middle-aged peple's risk f early death. “There's a lt f evidence suggesting that mving even a little mre is beneficial, particularly fr thse wh are ding very little activity,” Paluch says. “Mre steps per day are better fr yur health.”
1．Why did the scientists carry ut the new study?
A．T knw abut peple's health cnditin.
B．T explain the pedmeter's wrking principles.
C．T determine the best physical activity fr peple.
D．T prvide a scientific guideline n daily walking.
2．What d the underlined wrds “leveled ff” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Turned higher.B．Became stable.
C．Fell sharply.D．Changed rapidly.
3．What des the experiment find?
A．The ld shuld walk as much as pssible.
B．Yung peple usually walk mre than the ld.
C．The mst beneficial steps differ by age grups.
D．Walking pace is the key t aviding early death.
4．What des Paluch advise peple ding little activity t d?
A．T walk mre steps.B．T cntrl walking speed.
C．T limit walking distance.D．T track the number f steps.
【答案】1．D
2．B
3．C
4．A
【解析】
1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句话“这个经常被重复的每天一万步的说法源于几十年前日本计步器的营销活动，没有科学依据。”可知，现有的观点缺乏科学依据，本项研究旨在为科学的走路步数提供证据，即为日常走路提供科学指导。故选D项。
2．词义猜测题。根据画线短语后面的“更多的步数对长寿没有额外的好处”可推知步数到达一定量之后降低死亡的风险趋于稳定，不再变化。由此推出“leveled ff”意为“保持水平，保持平稳发展”，与Became stable “变得稳定”意思相近。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段的描述“更具体地说，对于60岁及以上的成年人来说，过早死亡的风险稳定在每天6，000—8，000步左右，这意味着更多的步数对长寿没有额外的好处，而对于60岁以下的成年人来说大约是每天8，000—10，000步。”可推断出，年龄不同，最佳效果步数也不一样。故选C项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段Paluch所说的“有很多证据表明，多运动一点是有益的，尤其是对那些活动很少的人来说。每天多走几步对你的健康有益。”可知，不怎么运动的人，增加走路步数对健康有益。因此，Paluch建议活动量少的人应该增加走路步数。故选A项。
原句：A new study invlving nearly 50,000 peple frm fur cntinents ffers new insights int identifying the quantity f daily walking steps that will best imprve adults' health and lngevity, and whether the ideal number f steps differs acrss peple f different ages.
分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句主语是A new study，谓语动词是ffers； cntinents是现在分词短语作后置定语；第二个and后whether引导宾语从句，与identifying the quantity f daily walking steps并列作int的宾语。关系代词that引导定语从句，修饰先行词walking steps。
译文：一项涉及四大洲近5万人的新研究为确定最能改善成年人健康和寿命的每日步行步数，以及不同年龄段的人的理想步数是否不同提供了新的见解。
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。本文通过一项大规模研究，揭示了不同年龄段每日最佳步行步数对健康的益处，并强调增加步数（尤其是缺乏运动者）的重要性。
B
（2026·河北十六校联考）
Frailty（虚弱） is a medically defined cnditin in lder adults that increases vulnerability t everyday stresses, leading t a higher risk f falls, hspitalizatin and lss f independence. Warning signs f frailty include unintentinal weight lss, mving slwly, feeling weak, persistent tiredness and lw levels f physical activity. Because mst f these signs have a direct link t hw active smene is, walking is a particularly effective way t help lder adults imprve their verall health and quality f life and maintain independence fr lnger.
But a cmmn questin remains: Hw fast shuld lder adults walk t see real benefits? Traditinally, the “talk test” has been used t guide walking intensity: Peple are encuraged t walk at a pace that makes it difficult t sing but still allws fr cmfrtable cnversatin. Hwever, this methd depends t much n persnal judgment and is difficult t apply cnsistently.
A new study led by researchers at the University f Chicag Medicine （UChicag Medicine） fund that walking slightly faster—14 steps per minute mre than a persn's usual pace—led t meaningful imprvements in physical functin amng lder adults wh were frail r at risk f becming frail.
Walking cadence—the number f steps taken per minute—is a practical way t measure walking intensity. Daniel Rubin, MD, an anesthesilgist at UChicag Medicine, and his clleagues studied lder adults classified as frail r pre-frail. The study's results shwed clear benefits: Thse wh increased their cadence by at least 14 steps per minute abve their usual pace—t rughly 100 steps per minute—experienced substantial imprvements in functinal capacity, as demnstrated by their ability t walk lnger distances in a standardized test.
T use cadence t guide yur walking intensity, start by measuring yur usual walking pace in steps per minute t establish a baseline, accrding t the researchers. Frm there, try increasing yur pace slightly t find a level that still feels cmfrtable but faster.
5．What is the majr impact f frailty n lder adults?
A．It makes them less active.B．It limits their ability t think.
C．It reduces their scial activities.D．It prevents them frm walking.
6．Why is the “talk test” cnsidered less ideal fr guiding walking pace?
A．It is ineffective.B．It is subjective.
C．It is unscientific.D．It is time-cnsuming.
7．What can we cnclude frm the findings f the study?
A．Eat less, weigh lighter.B．Learn mre, live lnger.
C．Sleep better, feel happier.D．Walk faster, age slwer.
8．What is the purpse f measuring a baseline walking cadence?
A．T cmpare it with yunger peple's pace.
B．T determine the best time fr daily walks.
C．T help set a prper increased walking speed.
D．T calculate hw far ne shuld walk each day.
【答案】5．A
6．B
7．D
8．C
【解析】
5~8 1.
vulnerability n.脆弱；弱点
2.
hspitalizatin n.住院治疗
3.
unintentinal adj.无意的；非故意的
4.
intensity n.强度；强烈
5.
substantial adj.很大程度的
practical 熟义：adj.实际的；切实可行的 生义：adj.实用的
5．细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句关于Frailty的解释可知，身体虚弱对老年人的主要影响是使他们不那么活跃。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，这种方法过于依赖个人判断，很难一致应用。因此，“谈话测试”被认为不太适合用来指导步行速度是因为它具有主观性。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据第三段提到的一项新研究发现的内容“walking slightly t meaningful imprvements in physical functin amng lder frail”可知，加快步速能改善老年人的身体机能，故可推知，走得快些，衰老就会慢些。故选D。
8．细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，利用步频来指导你的步行强度，首先要测量你平时每分钟的步数，以此作为基准，然后，尝试将你的步速略微加快，找到一个既舒适又较快的平衡点。由此可知，测量基准步频的目的是帮助设定合适的步行速度提升幅度。故选C。
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。研究发现稍快步行有益，并给出以步频指导步行强度的方法。
Ⅱ.七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
（2025·湖南师大附中月考）
Studying and passing yur classes can be difficult, and finding effective ways t study may seem impssible. 1 . If yu are lking fr a way t imprve yur studying, try integrating daily exercise int yur rutine.
●Chse an aerbic（有氧的） exercise
There are s many activities yu can d fr aerbic exercise. 2 . Yu can als play dubles tennis, g ballrm dancing, r d general gardening. Any aerbic activity shuld be perfrmed fr at least 10 minutes at a time t gain brain-bsting benefits.
● 3
Sit dwn and list all yur cmmitments, activities, and study hurs. Dn't frget t list sleep times, meal times, and times fr ther things, like shwering. Lk fr places where yu can fit in exercise. Or yu can break up exercise int smaller parts, such as three 10-minute fast walks.
●Fcus n cnsistency
Cnsistent daily wrkut is mre effective than trying t get 150 minutes f physical activity in n theweekend. 4 . In that case, the cnsistent physical activity will bst yur brain during the week, enhancing the efficiency f learning.
●Make the exercise an enjyable experience
Exercise is great fr relieving stress and reducing anxiety. 5 . Yu can listen t music while exercising. Numerus studies have linked music t stress relief and the reductin f anxiety. Or yu can exercise with a friend. This can d tw things at nce: get physical activity int yur day while letting yu scialize.
A.Make time fr yur wrkut
B.Determine an apprpriate amunt f exercise
C.Yu can swim, jump rpe, r hike with a heavy backpack
D.Ding sme exercise may be mre effective than hitting the cffee shp
E.Therefre, try nt t make the physical activity a stressful part f yur day
F.Stick t spending half an hur exercising after schl thrughut the week
G.Luckily, studies have fund strng links between exercise and study effectiveness
【答案】1．G
2．C
3．A
4．F
5．E
【解析】
1．空前讲到了“学习和通过课程可能很困难，找到有效的学习方法似乎是不可能的”，而空后则讲到了“如果你正在寻找一种提高学习成绩的方法，试着把每天的锻炼融入你的日常生活”，因此，空处应该与上文形成转折关系，表明找到有效的方法，G项“幸运的是，研究发现运动和学习效果之间有着密切的联系”与上文是转折关系，且能引出下文对日常锻炼的讨论。故选G。
2．上文讲到了“你可以做很多有氧运动”，而空后“Yu can als play dubles tennis...”中的als表明，空处讲到的也是有氧运动。C项“你可以游泳、跳绳或背着沉重的背包徒步旅行”符合语境。故选C。
3．此处为段落小标题。根据本段中的“Lk fr places where yu can fit in as three 10-minute fast walks”可知，本段主要讲的是要为锻炼腾出时间，A项“腾出时间进行锻炼”适合作本段的小标题。故选A。
4．根据小标题“Fcus n cnsistency（注重连续性）”可知，作者建议要注重锻炼的连续性，再根据下文“在那种情况下，持续的身体活动会在一周内提升你的脑力，增强学习效率”可知，本段主要说明一周的锻炼建议，F项“坚持每周放学后都锻炼半小时”符合语境，其中“thrughut the week”对应下一句中的“during the week”。故选F。
5．上文讲到了“锻炼对缓解压力和减少焦虑很有帮助”，而空后“Yu can listen t music while yu can exercise with a friend.”则是让运动变得快乐的具体措施，E项“因此，尽量不要让体育活动成为你一天中有压力的一部分”既能与上文形成因果关系，也能引出下文中的举例。故选E。
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了把日常锻炼融入自己的日常生活中，对改善学习有积极影响。
Ⅲ.完形填空（每小题1分，共15分）
（2025·全国二）
Evelyn Dnhue is a 65-year-ld grandma. She nly started t 1 seven years ag after having a 2 call. She'd been struggling with eating disrders and health issues,which 3 led her t getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed t make a 4 . Determined t turn her life arund, Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut and fllw a 5 lifestyle, befre discvering a 6 fr weightlifting.
Since setting ut n the jurney, the 7 lver has nt nly managed t 8 an impressive set f muscles—but als a huge fllwing n scial media.
The well-liked grandma regularly psts wrkut cntent, explaining there's n 9 thers can't lk this gd. She said it was all dwn t sme key aspects.
“Hld n: Cnsider failure as a 10 t success and never give up. Stick t yur plan,” she said. “ 11 thers: Lift thers up n yur jurney. Success is sweeter when 12 .” She previusly explained that “yu d nt need t have an amazing bdy t 13 is t feel gd, nt lk gd.”
Ms Dnhue used t be laughed at fr being t ld t wrk ut, but she has prved the 14 wrng in the best pssible way and has indeed becme an 15 fr many scial media users.
1．A．writeB．travelC．exerciseD．recver
2．A．gdwillB．timeut
C．lng-distanceD．wake-up
3．A．nrmallyB．ultimately
C．suddenlyD．autmatically
4．A．changeB．frtuneC．wishD．deal
5．A．riskyB．traditinalC．cmfrtableD．healthy
6．A．demandB．secretC．passinD．cure
7．A．peaceB．fitnessC．funD．nature
8．A．grwB．cntrlC．activateD．relax
9．A．needB．chiceC．reasnD．difference
10．A．green lightB．rad blck
C．passing markD．stepping stne
11．A．HelpB．CnsultC．FllwD．Frgive
12．A．acceptedB．sharedC．expectedD．celebrated
13．A．galB．caseC．dutyD．cst
14．A．instructrsB．admirersC．beginnersD．dubters
15．A．authrityB．excuseC．inspiratinD．ptin
【答案】1．C
2．D
3．B
4．A
5．D
6．C
7．B
8．A
9．C
10．D
11．A
12．B
13．A
14．D
15．C
【解析】
1．根据下文中的“Determined t turn her life arund, Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut...”可知，此处指老奶奶开始锻炼（exercise）。
2．根据下文的“She'd been struggling with eating disrders and health issues, her t getting surgery.”可知，她一直饱受饮食失调和健康问题的困扰，这促使她接受了手术治疗。由此可推知，她在身体敲响警钟之后开始锻炼。wake-up （唤醒，醒来）符合语境。
3．根据上文的“She'd been struggling with eating disrders and health issues”可知，她一直饱受饮食失调和健康问题的困扰。由此可知，这最终（ultimately）导致她做了手术。
4．根据空后的“Determined t turn her life arund”可知，她决心改变自己的人生，此处表示她知道她需要做出改变（change）。
5．根据上文的“She'd been struggling with eating disrders and health issues”可知，她一直饱受饮食失调和健康问题的困扰。由此可知，她开始锻炼身体，并养成健康的（healthy）生活习惯。
6．根据上文中的“Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut and fllw ”以及下文中的“fr weightlifting”可推知，此处指她积极锻炼身体，对举重产生了热情，a passin fr sth.意为“对某事充满热情”。
7．根据下文的“an impressive set f muscles（一组令人印象深刻的肌肉）”可知，此处指健身（fitness）爱好者。
8．根据下文中的“an impressive set f muscles”可推知，此处指她练出肌肉，即长出（grw）肌肉。
9．根据上文中的“The well-”可知，这位深受喜爱的奶奶会定期发布锻炼的相关内容。结合下文可知，此处指没有理由（reasn）其他人不能拥有如此出众的外表。
10．根据空前的“Cnsider failure as a”以及空后的“t success and never give up”可知，把失败看作通向成功的垫脚石（stepping stne）。
11．根据冒号后面的“Lift thers up”可推知，此处指她提倡帮助（Help）他人。
12．根据生活常识可知，此处指的是成功在分享（shared）时更甜蜜。
13．根据上文中的“yu d nt need t have an amazing bdy t exercise”以及下文“is t feel gd, nt lk gd”可推知，此处指运动的目标（gal）是感觉良好。
14．根据上文中的“Ms Dnhue used t be laughed at fr being t ld t wrk ut, but she has prved the”以及下文中的“wrng in the best pssible way”可推知，此处指Dnhue女士用自己的方式证明质疑者（dubters）错了。
15．根据上文中的“Ms Dnhue used t be laughed at fr being t ld t wrk ut, but she has prved in the best pssible way and has indeed becme an”以及下文中的“fr many scial media users”可知，Dnhue女士过去常因年纪太大而被认为不适合锻炼，但她以最好的方式证明了那些质疑者是错的。由此推断出，她确实已经成为众多社交媒体用户的榜样和鼓舞力量（inspiratin）。
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极改变自己的生活，消除网络质疑并成为众多社交媒体用户的榜样和鼓舞力量的故事。