Unit 2 Family rules（知识清单）英语人教PEP版 四年级下册

这是一份Unit 2 Family rules（知识清单）英语人教PEP版 四年级下册，共12页。
Unit 2 Family rules（知识清单）英语人教PEP版 四年级下册01 单元速记重点词汇重点短语典型句型语言目标02 考点速记考点1 情态动词can表“许可”的用法【详解】can用于询问家庭中是否允许做某事，语气委婉，核心结构：问句：Can I + 动词原形 (+ 其他)?（我能做……吗？）；肯定回答：Yes, you can.（是的，你能。）；否定回答：No, you can't. + 补充要求（You have to + 动词原形.）（不，你不能。你必须……。）。【典例】—Mum, can I ______ (watch) TV now? —No, you can't. Do your homework first.（用所给词的适当形式填空）—Can I play football after school? —______，you can.（作肯定回答）单项选择：—Can I eat ice cream? —No, you ______. You have to eat vegetables first.（ ）A. can B. can't C. don'tHe can read books in the study.（改为一般疑问句）______ he ______ books in the study?补全对话：—Dad, can I go out to play? —______，you can't. You have to ______（整理）your bedroom first.考点2 否定祈使句（Don't + 动词原形）【详解】用于提醒或禁止他人做某事，聚焦家庭规则场景：结构：Don't + 动词原形 (+ 其他)；常见搭配：Don't run（别跑）、Don't be loud（别大声）、Don't touch（别碰）。【典例】______ (Run/Don't run) in the living room. It's not safe.（选词填空）Don't ______ (be) so loud. My baby sister is sleeping.（用所给词的适当形式填空）单项选择：______ touch hot things in the kitchen.（ ）A. Not B. Don't C. NoBe late for dinner.（改为否定祈使句）______ ______ late for dinner.补全句子：______ ______（别吃）in bed. It's not healthy.考点3 家庭房间词汇辨析（bedroom/living room/study等）【详解】单元核心房间词汇需区分含义和用法：bedroom：卧室（睡觉、休息的地方）；living room：客厅（看电视、会客的地方）；study：书房（读书、学习的地方）；kitchen：厨房（做饭的地方）；bathroom：卫生间（洗漱、洗澡的地方）；介词搭配：in the + 房间名词。【典例】My father is reading books in the ______ (study/kitchen).（选词填空）We watch TV in the ______ (bedroom/living room) every evening.（选词填空）单项选择：Mum is cooking in the ______.（ ）A. bathroom B. kitchen C. studyShe is sleeping in the bedroom.（对画线部分提问）______ is she sleeping?补全句子：I wash my hands in the ______（卫生间）every morning.考点4 字母er在单词中发/ə/音【详解】字母er发/ə/时，发音要领：舌尖抵下齿，舌身放松，嘴唇自然张开，声带振动，发音轻短（类似中文“呃”的轻音）：单元例词：father（爸爸）、mother（妈妈）、brother（兄弟）、sister（姐妹）、dinner（晚餐）、water（水）、newspaper（报纸）。【典例】找出画线部分发音不同的一项（ ）A. father B. her C. brother D. sister写出三个字母er发/ə/音的单词：、、______朗读句子，标出含/ə/音的单词：My mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen.判断发音是否相同（相同写S，不同写D）：① brother 和 sister（ ） ② water 和 her（ ）根据发音规则，补全单词：fath______（爸爸）、dinn______（晚餐）考点5 have to的用法【详解】have to表“必须，不得不”，强调客观要求，核心用法：主语为第一、二人称及复数：have to + 动词原形；主语为第三人称单数：has to + 动词原形；否定形式：don't/doesn't have to（不必）。【典例】I ______ (have to/has to) do homework first every day.（选词填空）My brother ______ (have to/has to) clean his bedroom every weekend.（选词填空）单项选择：She ______ finish her breakfast before going to school.（ ）A. have to B. has to C. had toHe has to go to bed early.（改为否定句）He ______ ______ ______ go to bed early.补全句子：We ______ ______（必须）follow family rules.03 素养拓展文化与品德教育家庭规则的意义家庭规则是维系家庭和谐的基础，正如文档中提到的“Rules at home keep us safe and make us happy”，良好的家庭规则能培养自律、友善的品格，教会我们为他人着想，让家庭生活更有序、温暖。传统文化中的治家理念中国古代重视家庭规则，《朱子家训》中“黎明即起，洒扫庭除”的训诫，强调通过日常劳作培养勤劳、整洁的习惯；“居身务期质朴，教子要有义方”则体现了家庭规则对品德培养的重要性，这些理念至今仍有借鉴意义。英文谚语Rules make a happy family.（规则造就幸福的家庭）Obey family rules, love lasts forever.（遵守家庭规则，爱意长存）A family with rules is like a house with a foundation.（有规则的家庭如同有地基的房子）学习方法小贴士词汇记忆：利用“合成词记忆法”（bed+room=bedroom）、“对比记忆法”（wet-dry、loud-quiet），结合家庭场景联想（看到厨房想到kitchen、cook）。句型运用：模拟“家庭日常对话”场景，用Can I...? 询问许可，用Don't... 提醒规则，提升口语表达能力。实践拓展：制作“家庭协议”（呼应文档Project活动），用英文写下3-4条家庭规则，和家人一起讨论并遵守，将语言学习与生活实践结合。04 过关练习一、单词拼写（每小题2分，共10分）根据句意及首字母和中文提示，补全单词。I have to do my h______ first after school.（家庭作业）Be c______ in the kitchen. Don't touch hot things.（小心）My father is reading books in the s______.（书房）Don't be so l______. My grandma is sleeping.（大声的）We should f______ the family rules.（遵守）二、单项选择（每小题2分，共20分）—Mum, can I watch TV? —No, you ______. Do your homework first.（ ）A. can B. can't C. don'tDon't ______ in the bathroom. It's wet.（ ）A. run B. runs C. runningMy mother is cooking in the ______.（ ）A. bedroom B. kitchen C. study—Where is my sister? —She's ______ the bedroom.（ ）A. in B. on C. underWe ______ follow family rules to keep safe.（ ）A. have to B. can C. want—Can I play outside? —______，you can.（ ）A. No B. Yes C. SorryMy brother ______ clean his room every weekend.（ ）A. have to B. has to C. had to______ touch the knife. It's dangerous.（ ）A. Don't B. Not C. NoIt's 9 o'clock. It's time to ______ sleep.（ ）A. go B. go to C. going toShe feels ______ because she follows family rules.（ ）A. happy B. sad C. angry三、句型转换（每小题4分，共20分）I can watch TV after dinner.（改为一般疑问句）______ ______ watch TV after dinner?Don't run in the living room.（改为肯定句）______ ______ in the living room.She is in the study.（对画线部分提问）______ ______ she?He has to finish his homework first.（改为否定句）He ______ ______ ______ finish his homework first.My mother is cooking in the kitchen.（对画线部分提问）______ is your mother ______?四、完形填空（每小题3分，共15分）There are many rules in my family. They help us live happily. Every evening, I 1. ______ do my homework first. I can't watch TV or play games before finishing it. My sister can't be 2. ______ in the bedroom. She has to keep quiet because my grandma sleeps there. My parents 3. ______ work hard every day. They teach us to think of others.One day, I want to play outside. I ask my dad, "4. ______ I go out to play?" Dad says, "No, you can't. You have to tidy your room first." I tidy my room quickly. Then Dad says, "Now you can go. Be careful outside!" I say, "Thank you, Dad."Family rules are important. They make our home warm and 5. ______.A. have to B. can C. want toA. quiet B. loud C. happyA. is B. are C. have toA. Do B. Can C. AmA. dangerous B. messy C. safe五、阅读理解（每小题3分，共15分）My Family RulesHello! I'm Amy. There are four people in my family. We have some family rules. Let's talk about them.First, we have to do our own things. I tidy my bedroom every morning. My brother cleans his desk. Second, we can't be loud at night. My parents work hard. They need to sleep well. Third, we wash our hands before meals. It keeps us healthy. Fourth, we follow traffic rules when going out. It keeps us safe.I think family rules are helpful. They teach us to be good people. We all love our family.根据短文内容，选择正确的答案。How many people are there in Amy's family?（ ）A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.What does Amy do every morning?（ ）A. She cleans her desk. B. She tidies her bedroom. C. She washes her hands.Why can't they be loud at night?（ ）A. Because parents need to sleep well. B. Because it's dangerous. C. Because it's messy.What do they do before meals?（ ）A. Tidy rooms. B. Wash hands. C. Follow rules.What does Amy think of family rules?（ ）A. They are messy. B. They are helpful. C. They are dangerous.六、书面表达（共20分）请以“My Family Rules”为题，写一篇短文，描述你家的家庭规则。要求：运用本单元核心句型（Can I...?、Don't...、We have to...、Where is...）；描述3-4条家庭规则，语句通顺，语法正确；不少于5句话。答案与解析一、考点典例答案与解析考点1 情态动词can表“许可”的用法watch（解析：can后接动词原形，watch为原形，符合句型结构）Yes（解析：Can开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用“Yes, you can.”，此处省略后半部分）B（解析：否定回答用can't，don't用于do引导的问句，can为肯定形式，故选B）Can；read（解析：一般疑问句将can提前，后接动词原形read）No；tidy（解析：否定回答用No，“整理”译为tidy，have to后接原形）考点2 否定祈使句（Don't + 动词原形）Don't run（解析：根据后句“不安全”，可知“别跑”，用否定祈使句）be（解析：Don't后接动词原形，be为原形，构成be loud）B（解析：“别碰”用Don't touch，Not和No不能直接接动词原形，故选B）Don't be（解析：肯定祈使句变否定句，加Don't，be late为固定搭配）Don't eat（解析：“别吃”译为Don't eat，否定祈使句用原形）考点3 家庭房间词汇辨析study（解析：“读书”应在书房，kitchen是厨房，故选study）living room（解析：“看电视”在客厅，bedroom是卧室，故选living room）B（解析：“做饭”在厨房，bathroom是卫生间，study是书房，故选B）Where（解析：对地点提问用where，句首大写）bathroom（解析：“卫生间”译为bathroom，符合“洗手”场景）考点4 字母er的发音B（解析：A、C、D项中er发/ə/，B项her中er发/ɜː/，发音不同）示例：mother、brother、dinner（解析：均为er发/ə/的核心词汇）mother、dinner、kitchen（解析：mother和dinner中er发/ə/，kitchen无er发音，仅标注目标词汇）① S（解析：brother和sister中er均发/ə/）；② D（解析：water中er发/ə/，her中er发/ɜː/）er；er（解析：father和dinner中er发/ə/，补全字母er）考点5 have to的用法have to（解析：主语I为第一人称，用have to，has to用于第三人称单数）has to（解析：主语my brother为第三人称单数，用has to）B（解析：主语she为第三人称单数，用has to，have to用于第一、二人称，had to是过去式，故选B）doesn't have to（解析：否定形式用doesn't have to，主语为第三人称单数）have to（解析：“必须”译为have to，主语we为复数，用原形）二、过关练习答案与解析一、单词拼写homework（解析：首字母h+中文“家庭作业”，对应单词homework）careful（解析：首字母c+中文“小心”，对应短语be careful）study（解析：首字母s+中文“书房”，对应单词study）loud（解析：首字母l+中文“大声的”，对应单词loud）follow（解析：首字母f+中文“遵守”，对应短语follow the rules）二、单项选择B（解析：根据后句“先做家庭作业”，可知是否定回答，用can't，故选B）A（解析：Don't后接动词原形，run为原形，故选A）B（解析：“做饭”在厨房，bedroom是卧室，study是书房，故选B）A（解析：“在卧室里”用介词in，on表“在……上面”，under表“在……下面”，故选A）A（解析：“必须遵守规则”用have to，can表“能”，want表“想要”，故选A）B（解析：肯定回答用Yes，No和Sorry表否定，故选B）B（解析：主语my brother为第三人称单数，用has to，故选B）A（解析：“别碰”用Don't touch，故选A）B（解析：“去睡觉”译为go to sleep，固定搭配，故选B）A（解析：遵守规则会感到开心，sad“伤心的”，angry“生气的”，故选A）三、句型转换Can you（解析：含can的陈述句变一般疑问句，can提前，I变you）You can run（解析：否定祈使句变肯定句，去掉Don't，补充主语you，表“你可以在客厅跑”）Where is（解析：对地点提问用where，原句be动词is提前）doesn't have to（解析：主语he为第三人称单数，否定形式用doesn't have to）What；doing（解析：对“做饭”这一动作提问用what，原句是现在进行时，be动词is提前，do变doing）四、完形填空A（解析：“必须先做家庭作业”，have to表“必须”，can表“能”，want to表“想要”，故选A）B（解析：根据后句“保持安静”，可知“不能大声”，loud“大声的”，quiet“安静的”，happy“开心的”，故选B）C（解析：“父母必须努力工作”，have to表“必须”，is/are后接现在分词，故选C）B（解析：询问“能否出去玩”用Can，Do引导实义动词提问，Am用于I的问句，故选B）C（解析：家庭规则让家庭“安全”，dangerous“危险的”，messy“凌乱的”，故选C）五、阅读理解B（解析：原文“There are four people in my family.”明确家庭有四人，故选B）B（解析：原文“I tidy my bedroom every morning.”可知Amy每天整理卧室，故选B）A（解析：原文“We can't be loud at night. My parents work hard. They need to sleep well.”明确原因，故选A）B（解析：原文“we wash our hands before meals”可知饭前洗手，故选B）B（解析：原文“I think family rules are helpful.”明确Amy认为规则有用，故选B）六、书面表达（参考范文）My Family RulesThere are some rules in my family. First, I have to do my homework first after school. I can't watch TV before finishing it. Second, don't be loud at night. My parents need to rest. Third, we wash our hands before meals to keep healthy. Fourth, I tidy my bedroom every weekend. Where is my mum? She's in the kitchen making rules for us. I think these rules are helpful. They make our family happy.类别单词/短语音标词性中文释义记忆方法核心名词homework/ˈhəʊmwɜːk/n.家庭作业合成词记忆：home（家）+ work（工作）= homework；短语：do homework（做家庭作业）、finish homework（完成家庭作业）house/haʊs/n.房子，住宅形近词记忆：mouse（老鼠）；短语：in the house（在房子里）、clean the house（打扫房子）bedroom/ˈbedruːm/n.卧室合成词记忆：bed（床）+ room（房间）= bedroom；短语：in the bedroom（在卧室里）、tidy the bedroom（整理卧室）kitchen/ˈkɪtʃɪn/n.厨房关联词汇：cook（烹饪）、food（食物）；短语：in the kitchen（在厨房里）、cook in the kitchen（在厨房做饭）living room/ˈlɪvɪŋ ruːm/n.客厅，起居室合成词记忆：living（居住的）+ room（房间）= living room；短语：watch TV in the living room（在客厅看电视）study/ˈstʌdi/n./v.书房；学习多义：v. 学习（study English）；短语：in the study（在书房里）、read in the study（在书房读书）bathroom/ˈbɑːθruːm/n.浴室，卫生间合成词记忆：bath（洗澡）+ room（房间）= bathroom；短语：in the bathroom（在浴室里）、wash hands in the bathroom（在卫生间洗手）word/wɜːd/n.单词；话语形近词记忆：world（世界）；短语：use kind words（用友善的话语）、learn new words（学习新单词）动词/短语watch/wɒtʃ/v.看，观看常用搭配：watch TV（看电视）、watch a film（看电影）；形近词：match（比赛）wash/wɒʃ/v.洗，洗涤短语：wash hands（洗手）、wash clothes（洗衣服）、wash dishes（洗碗）run/rʌn/v.跑，奔跑过去式：ran；短语：run in the house（在房子里跑）、don't run（不要跑）sleep/sliːp/v./n.睡觉短语：go to sleep（去睡觉）、sleep in the bedroom（在卧室睡觉）；反义词：wake up（醒来）work/wɜːk/v./n.工作；干活短语：work hard（努力工作/学习）、go to work（去上班）；衍生词：worker（工人）think/θɪŋk/v.想，思考；认为过去式：thought；短语：think of others（为他人着想）、think hard（认真思考）follow/ˈfɒləʊ/v.遵循，听从短语：follow the rules（遵守规则）、follow Mum's words（听妈妈的话）feel/fiːl/v.觉得，感到过去式：felt；短语：feel happy（感到开心）、feel tired（感到疲惫）形容词wet/wet/adj.湿的反义词：dry（干的）；短语：wet floor（湿地板）、get wet（淋湿）safe/seɪf/adj.安全的反义词：dangerous（危险的）；衍生词：safety（安全）；短语：keep safe（保持安全）loud/laʊd/adj.大声的副词：loudly（大声地）；反义词：quiet（安静的）；短语：be loud（大声喧哗）、loud music（ loud音乐）hard/hɑːd/adj./adv.努力的；努力地短语：work hard（努力工作）、a hard job（一份辛苦的工作）副词first/fɜːst/adv./adj.首先；第一短语：first of all（首先）、do homework first（先做家庭作业）其他TV/ˌtiːˈviː/n.电视全称：television；短语：watch TV（看电视）、turn on the TV（打开电视）短语中文释义例句watch TV看电视Can I watch TV after finishing homework?（做完作业后我能看电视吗？）do homework做家庭作业I have to do homework first every evening.（我每天晚上必须先做家庭作业）wash hands洗手Wash hands before eating meals.（饭前要洗手）follow the rules遵守规则We should follow family rules.（我们应该遵守家庭规则）be careful小心，谨慎Be careful in the kitchen. Don't touch hot things.（在厨房要小心，别碰烫的东西）in the bedroom在卧室里My sister is sleeping in the bedroom.（我妹妹正在卧室睡觉）living room客厅We often watch TV in the living room.（我们经常在客厅看电视）in the study在书房里Dad is reading books in the study.（爸爸正在书房看书）in the bathroom在卫生间里I wash my face in the bathroom every morning.（我每天早上在卫生间洗脸）in the kitchen在厨房里Mum is cooking dinner in the kitchen.（妈妈正在厨房做晚饭）first of all首先First of all, we need to tidy our rooms.（首先，我们需要整理自己的房间）go to sleep去睡觉It's 9 o'clock. It's time to go to sleep.（九点了，该去睡觉了）work hard努力工作/学习My parents work hard every day.（我的父母每天努力工作）think of others为他人着想Family rules teach us to think of others.（家庭规则教会我们为他人着想）get wet淋湿Don't run outside when it rains. You'll get wet.（下雨时别在外面跑，会淋湿的）keep safe保持安全Family rules help us keep safe.（家庭规则帮助我们保持安全）句型结构中文含义教材例句拓展例句-Mum/Dad, can I + 动词原形 (+ 其他)? -Yes, you can./No, you can't. You have to + 动词原形.妈妈/爸爸，我能做……吗？ 是的，你能。/不，你不能。你必须做……。-Mum, can I watch TV? -No. You have to do your homework first.-Dad, can I play outside? -No. You have to finish your dinner first.Don't + 动词原形 (+ 其他).不要做某事。（否定祈使句）Don't be so loud. Dad is sleeping.（别这么大声，爸爸在睡觉）Don't run in the house. It's not safe.（别在房子里跑，不安全）-Where is + 某人? -He/She is + in the + 房间名词.某人在哪里？ 他/她在……房间里。-Where is Mum? -She's in the kitchen.-Where is my brother? -He's in the study.We work hard and follow the rules.我们努力做事并遵守规则。We work hard and follow the rules at home.We work hard and follow the rules at school.It's + 形容词 + to + 动词原形.做某事是……的。It's important to follow family rules.（遵守家庭规则很重要）It's safe to wash hands before eating.（饭前洗手很安全）Be careful (+ with sth./in sp.).（在某地/对某物）要小心。Be careful in the kitchen.（在厨房要小心）Be careful with the knife.（小心刀子）目标序号具体内容1能说出家庭规则、房间名称及相关动作词汇（homework、bedroom、wash、follow等）2能运用情态动词can询问家庭中能否做某事，并用have to回应要求3能运用否定祈使句提醒他人遵守家庭规则（Don't run. Don't be loud.）4能询问和回答家人的位置（Where is Mum? She's in the kitchen.）5掌握字母er在单词中发/ə/音的发音规则，能识别并朗读相关单词（father、mother等）6理解家庭规则的重要性，养成遵守规则、为他人着想的良好习惯