2025年高考天津卷英语高考真题解析（试卷+解析）（第二次）

这是一份2025年高考天津卷英语高考真题解析（试卷+解析）（第二次），文件包含2026高考数学专题复习之历年真题分类汇编_专题五一元函数的导数及其应用教师版docx、2026高考数学专题复习之历年真题分类汇编_专题五一元函数的导数及其应用学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共167页， 欢迎下载使用。
—OK, Paul! .
A. Yu gt me wrngB. It is yur time t shine
C. Yu must be kiddingD. Mind yur wn business
2. ________ virtual reality becmes mre accessible, many schls are setting up virtual science labs.
A. AsB. UntilC. UnlessD. Althugh
3. The Stne Age is the name given t the time ver 2,000,000 years ag, life was very different frm tday.
A. whyB. whichC. whenD. where
4. Deng Jiaxian was ne f the 23 scientists wh awarded fr their extrardinary cntributins t China’s “tw bmbs, ne satellite” prject.
A. wasB. wereC. hasD. have
5. The children are encuraged t fllw their natural , and learn abut what interests them.
A. curisityB. balanceC. defenceD. limitatin
6. Engineers in the UK are ging t build a new satellite t track slar strms.
A. designedB. designingC. t designD. having designed
7. — With my brther’s help, I finally cmpleted my chemistry prject.
— Cngratulatins! .
A. Lse lips sink shipsB. Dn’t jump in with tw feet
C. Dn’t be a wet blanketD. Tw heads are better than ne
8. The Sng Dynasty the intrductin f jiazi, which is suppsedly the wrld’s first paper mney.
A. has seenB. had seenC. seesD. saw
9. With rbts varius industrial tasks, factries have increased prductin efficiency.
A. t perfrmB. t be perfrmedC. perfrmingD. being perfrmed
10. Knwing yur weakness lies is ne f the first and mst challenging steps in learning t manage yurself.
A. thatB. whatC. hwD. where
11. There are n displays in the art museum and exhibitins change all the time.
A. permanentB. tempraryC. elegantD. alternative
12. New measures are t imprve English translatins in public places in China.
A. at restB. in placeC. under pressureD. beynd reach
13. A family day ut is an pprtunity t wrk and schl and spend quality time tgether.
A. put asideB. pass nC. take upD. give away
14. N reader remve a bk frm the library withut permissin.
A. wuldB. mightC. shallD. need
15. There are many things teens shuld when deciding what clleges t apply t.
A. set in mtinB. get under cntrl
C. bring t an endD. take int cnsideratin
Life is a rad full f minr incnveniences and majr setbacks, which everyne faces, ____16____ wealth r scial rank. That is why ptimism, the ability t see the ____17____ side f every negative situatin, is key t success.
What made ptimism s meaningful t me was when I ____18____ the A team f the basketball club fr the upcming seasn. I had always been the starting pint guard, and my ____19____ n the A team was smething I tk fr granted. Hwever, I nly made the B team, ____20____ I wrked my hardest. I didn’t understand why until I saw the new A team, crwded with players that all ____21____ me.
I had t give the B team a chance. But t my ____22____, the play level was much lwer than what I was used t. I lst the drive I’d had befre and gradually became ____23____.
One day I came acrss a scial media pst f anther basketball team, whse pint guard was much mre ____24____ than her teammates. When her teammates made multiple mistakes _____25_____, which cst them several pints, I expected her t be upset, but _____26_____, she patted her teammates n the back and cmfrted them. As I watched her mre, I nticed that she led her team, always _____27_____ and uplifting her teammates.
The realizatin hit me like lightning. What I thught was a _____28_____ turned ut t be a valuable pprtunity, presenting a rare chance t develp _____29_____. S, I started using my _____30_____ t be a leader fr my team. When ur cach needed a(n) _____31_____, I was the first t raise my hand. When my teammates needed help with a skill, I _____32_____ taught them ver and ver again. My effrt paid ff as I _____33_____ remarkably nt just as a player, but as a persn — smething I culd have never achieved n the A team.
When facing challenges in life, sme peple _____34_____ them with ptimism, while thers tend t cmplain. Optimism is a palette, with which yu can paint yur wn light in the darkness, shelter in a strm, and mst imprtantly, a better _____35_____ f yurself!
16. A. regardless fB. due tC. but frD. apart frm
17. A. cmmercialB. psitiveC. crucialD. practical
18. A. lked back nB. gave in tC. put up withD. tried ut fr
19. A. psitinB. fcusC. cmmentD. impressin
20. A. as ifB. in caseC. nw thatD. even thugh
21. A. ran intB. agreed withC. twered verD. saw thrugh
22. A. reliefB. cnfusinC. amazementD. disappintment
23. A. unmtivatedB. disqualifiedC. determinedD. engaged
24. A. amusedB. advancedC. emtinalD. familiar
25. A. t a degreeB. as a ruleC. in a rwD. at a distance
26. A. insteadB. meanwhileC. therwiseD. furthermre
27. A. evaluatingB. interruptingC. encuragingD. interviewing
28. A. trickB. misfrtuneC. mistakeD. cnflict
29. A. reputatinB. innvatinC. leadershipD. friendship
30. A. privacyB. experienceC. scheduleD. ccupatin
31. A. exampleB. annuncementC. cmpetitrD. dnatin
32. A. nervuslyB. patientlyC. gratefullyD. hesitantly
33. A. prtestedB. resignedC. develpedD. emerged
34. A. createB. apprachC. influenceD. perfrm
35. A. appearanceB. shapeC. identityD. versin
A
Welcme t ur university’s Btanic Garden — plan yur visit, and find ut abut what we d!
Yu can either pay at the Ticket Office n arrival, r bk yur tickets nline. Please nte: Tickets cannt be used n any date ther than the ne they were bked fr and are nn- refundable (不可退款的).
Guidelines fr Visitrs
The Garden is an active research facility and a living museum with a cllectin f ver 8,000 plants.
Please bear in mind sme simple rules fr yur visit:
Only trained wrking dgs are permitted t enter the Garden.
Children must stay with a grwn-up at all times.
Stick strictly t the paths and lawns (草坪).
D nt climb the trees.
Please d nt pick any part f a grwing plant.
Cycling and ball games are nt permitted in the Garden.
Guided Turs in the Garden
With ver 8,000 plant species and a wnderful range f gardens and plantings t enjy, there is smething fr everyne at the Garden, and many different aspects t appeal t a wide variety f interest grups.
◆ Free Drp-in Weekend Turs
Enjy a free-f-charge Garden tur with ne f ur expert guides, taking in the seasnal highlights f the Garden.
Our weekend turs are available every Sunday at 11:30 a. m. and 2p. m. thrughut the year. During the mnths f January and February these turs fcus n the Winter Garden, Snwdrps and general winter interest.
The free turs last ne hur and start frm the Funtain near the MainLawn.
Grup Turs
Our experienced vlunteer guides will help yu enjy the highlights and prvide sme f the backgrund histry and develpment f this amazing garden.
These 90-minute, pre-bkable turs are ideal fr adult grups wishing t make the mst f their visit t ur 40-acre site. Please visit the Grup Guided Turs page fr mre details.
36. What shuld a ptential visitr take nte f befre bking a ticket t the Garden?
A. Whether ne can affrd the visit.
B. Whether the Garden website is accessible.
C. Whether ne can accept the ticket-bking plicy.
D. Whether the tickets are still available at the Ticket Office.
37. A kid is allwed t visit the Garden when they are .
A. well trainedB. with a bicycle
C accmpanied by an adultD. guided by their wrking dg
38. What behaviur is acceptable in the Garden?
A. Picking a flwer.B. Climbing a tree.
C. Playing a ball game.D. Walking n the lawns.
39. Where d the free drp-in weekend turs start?
A. Snwdrps.B. The Funtain.
C. The Main Lawn.D. The Winter Garden.
40. What special service can visitrs enjy n the grup tur?
A. The cmpany f prfessinal guides.
B. The explanatin f hw the Garden wrks.
C. The extended visit in and arund the Garden.
D. The intrductin t the birth and grwth f the Garden.
B
My great grandmther received the dllhuse (玩具小屋) frm a family friend back in the late 1800s It was then passed dwn frm generatin t generatin. I was seven when I discvered it underneath the tree n Christmas mrning.
In ur huse, Mm set up a sewing area. I sat at her sewing machine, my feet barely reaching the presser ft. Mm bent ver me, her hands n mine, gently guiding small bits f clth under the needle t create dllhuse bedding. She als taught me t make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mm demnstrated that anything culd be turned int dllhuse furniture. I learnt t view the wrld as a place f pssibility. I spent hurs f my girlhd sitting befre my dllhuse, telling made-up stries, and creating miniatures (缩微模型). But eventually schl activities tk ver, and the dllhuse was mved t the attic (阁楼).
Over the next 40 years, the strytelling skills I’d practiced with the dllhuse grew int nvel writing skills, and I develped a career as an authr. One day, after hurs f wrking n my furth bk, I tk a break by surfing the Internet and happened t ntice the beautiful dllhuses peple psted n scial media. They reminded me f mine. I went t the attic, brught it back t my rm and started updating it.
During the mindless hurs f sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened t audibks abut the histry f dllhuses, learning that they were nt invented fr play. There’s a lng, rich histry f peple in hardship turning t dllhuses t find cmfrt. They weren’t prduced as tys until mass prductin became standard after 1945. This inspired me t create a nvel where art saves the day.
The truth was I myself needed art t save the day. Mm was then slipping away frm me wing t prgressive memry lss. The nly tpic we culd discuss with any genuine jy was the update f the dllhuse. She lved retelling its histry — thse ld memries. Mm didn’t find it strange at all that her 50-year-ld daughter was updating the dllhuse. She just thught it fun and beautiful. And it was. It was a wrld where Mm and I were at ur best tgether.
41. What did the authr’s mther teach her t d?
A. T sew and create miniatures.
B. T add imaginary figures t the dllhuse.
C. T make up fairy tales set in the dllhuse.
D. T d il paintings and glue them nt the little walls.
42. Why did the authr decide t update the dllhuse decades later?
A. She intended t fllw the trend n scial media.
B. She was eager t start a new career as a ty designer.
C. She felt the urge t cmpete with ther dllhuse makers.
D. She was inspired by peple sharing their dllhuses nline.
43. What did the authr learn abut dllhuses frm the audibks?
A. They were initially created fr play.
B. Peple nce sught cmfrt in them.
C. Rich peple sld them fr mney during difficult times.
D. A unifrm standard fr their prductin was set in 1945.
44. What rle did the dllhuse play in strengthening the emtinal ties between the authr and her aging mther?
A. A reminder f their childhd dreams.B. A mirrr f the eventful family histry.
C. A tl t bring back gd ld memries.D. A means t imprve her mther’s memry.
45. What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. The Dllhuse: A Lifelng TyB. Grwing up with the Dllhuse
C. The Dllhuse: Mre Than Just a TyD. Dllhuse Making and Nvel Writing
C
All animals take in xygen frm the air they breathe in, and release CO₂ frm their bld when breathing ut. Mst mammals (哺乳动物) can’t directly detect xygen levels in the bld supplied t their tissues. Instead, they rely n the rising level f CO₂ in their bld t signal that they might need t take a breath. But a recent study published in Science suggests seals (海豹) can sense the amunt f xygen in the bld, and change their diving behavir in respnse.
T find ut if xygen levels affected seal behavir, Prfessr McKnight at the University f St. Andrews and his clleagues created a special sectin in a pl where yung seals were held. In ne crner, there was a breathing chamber (呼吸室), where they were sheltered frm the rain and the wind.
The breathing chamber was surrunded by panels that prevented surface swimming, yet swimming belw the surface fr abut 200 feet wuld give the seals access t a feeder where they culd eat as much fish as they liked. Once the seals gt familiar with the setup, the researchers started t gradually change the cmpsitin f the air in the breathing chamber, increasing r reducing the levels f xygen and CO₂ t see an effect n their behavir. Sure enugh: the higher the level f xygen, the lnger the seals stayed at the feeder.
The finding suggests that seals dn’t just physically respnd t xygen levels by changing their heart rate r breathing, but that they are sufficiently aware f them t change their behavir. This ability wuld put seals in a class beynd any land mammals that have been tested. Since xygen levels n land remain stable, humans dn’t seem t have evlved (演化) t ntice lw bld xygen levels, smetimes nt even when they’re abut t pass ut in free-diving.
Therefre, in free-diving withut xygen tanks, accidents are quite cmmn. Our reliance n sensing CO₂ levels in ur bld instead f xygen may be t blame. Actually, this is a perfectly reasnable strategy n land, where grwing CO₂ tends t signal breathing issues. But when hlding ur breath during diving, relying n CO₂ levels is risky, especially n repeated dives. Because every time we surface and breathe in, ur sensitivity t CO₂ is decreased, even if its levels are already high, and this increases the chance that a persn will, withut awareness, pass ut befre they get t the surface.
46. What d mst mammals rely n t determine when t take a breath?
A. The grwing amunt f CO₂ in their bld.
B. The rising level f xygen in their lungs.
C. The intensity f their physical activity.
D. The bld supply t bdy tissues.
47. When wuld the seals stay at the feeder fr a lnger perid f time?
A. When they needed t take in mre fd at the feeder.
B. When the xygen level in the chamber grew higher.
C. When they familiarized themselves with the setup.
D. When the CO₂ level in the chamber was raised.
48. What results in humans’ inability t ntice lw xygen levels in their bld?
A. The unstable CO₂ levels in the air.
B. Their lack f attentin t breathing.
C. The cnstant xygen levels n land.
D. Their functinally changeable heart rate.
49. Why d accidents ften ccur when divers g free-diving?
A. Their breath cannt be held lng enugh.
B. They cannt adjust the cnsumptin f xygen.
C. They may fail t ntice rising CO₂ levels sn enugh.
D. Their breathing rgans stp wrking prperly underwater.
50. Which statement is prbably supprted by McKnight’s seal research?
A. Seals have evlved t survive in lw xygen envirnments.
B. Seals are quick t sense xygen levels and act accrdingly.
C. Seals can maintain their heart rate even with lw bld xygen levels.
D. Seals are mre sensitive t changes in the envirnment than ther mammals.
D
Science serves as a pwerful tl fr unlcking the mysteries f the universe, but understanding its limitatins is essential fr its effective applicatin. There are ccasins where I have used the handle f a knife as a hammer (锤子), but the result wuld have been better if I’d had a mre suitable tl at hand. As far as science ges, it is really gd at testing things that are testable, but nt s fr thse that are nt.
We can d and have dne, an impressive amunt with ur brains. But there are limits. Smetimes these limits g away if we keep at it fr lng enugh — we just need better facilities and experiments t get the answer. Breaking new grund in mdern science this way can be cstly. Next-generatin supercmputers r incredibly large telescpes are expensive, yet these may be required t find answers t sme f the unslved mysteries f the universe.
Smetimes the limits we encunter in trying t unlck the nature f the universe are cgnitive (认知的). Think abut this: human DNA is nly abut 1.2 percent different frm that f chimps (黑猩猩). Chimps are smart, n questin. But culd yu teach them advanced mathematics? What if ur DNA were anther 1.2 percent further evlved than it is? What might ur brains be capable f then? The level f abstract thinking might be unimaginable.
Smetimes the limits we hit are fundamental. There are laws f nature we may never be able t understand, hwever advanced ur brains might becme. There are experiments we might never be able t perfrm. We may never be able t test what caused the universe t be created, and what caused the cause f the universe being created. This is where science may never break thrugh.
Fr smething t be cnsidered scientific, it must, by definitin, be testable. There is a prblem here: it may nt need t be testable right nw, but it must be testable at sme pint in the future by experiment. If an idea is untestable, that desn’t mean it is wrng. It means it is untestable fr nw. These untestable ideas als happen t be sme f the mst interesting nes, prbably because they’ve puzzled humanity fr centuries.
51. Why des the authr mentin “knife” and “hammer” in Paragraph 1?
A. T demnstrate hw tls can be used creatively.
B. T highlight cnsequences f using a wrng tl.
C. T shw the necessity f keeping a handy tl within reach.
D. T stress the need fr the right tl t achieve desired results.
52. What is ften required in breaking new grund in science?
A. Brader science educatin.B. Mre advanced facilities fr experiments.
C. Deeper understanding f the brain pwer.D. Mre investment in next-generatin scientists.
53. Hw des the authr assess human beings in terms f their cgnitive capacity?
A. They are just 2.4% away frm true abstract thinking.
B. They are slightly smarter than ther intelligent beings.
C. They are yet t evlve further t learn mre abut the universe.
D. They are gd at slving prblems with advanced mathematics.
54 What message des Paragraph 4 cnvey?
A. Sme puzzles abut the universe are way beynd scientific explratin.
B. Experimental research lays slid fundatins fr space technlgy.
C. Bundaries f science can be pushed back with determined effrts.
D. Limitatins f science may result frm insufficient testing.
55. What has the authr added t the definitin f a scientific idea?
A. Crrect ideas are testable.B. Untestable ideas can be true.
C. Sme scientific ideas may never be testable.D. An idea must be testable t be seen as crrect.
阅读表达
In the mrning, I write this t-d list:
1. G t the bank.
2. Get a nice haircut.
3. Pick up my academic statement frm cllege.
4. Submit my pems.
I think, “That’s enugh fr ne day.”
Up until a few years ag, I didn’t aim t be anywhere. And in rder t be nwhere, ne des nt need a t-d list as a guide. Fcusing nly n the mst pressing matter in frnt f me was enugh. Let the next urgent mment think fr me.
My mther had tried t teach me abut planning my day ever since I was 10. But I never practiced it until I was 25 and dne with cllege. That’s when I awke t the fact that I didn’t want t waste any mre time. I live in Nigeria, where life and success can be difficult. There seem t be many rads t failure here.
I grew up seeing my mther firmly in charge f her day. She knew — and still knws — where she needed t be at every mment, in every detail. She may nt be gd at singing, acting, r sprts. But she is excellent at planning. Every day she writes a list. I never understd why she had t write dwn a list that cnsists f items yu can easily hld in yur mind. “Yur t-d list is like yur secnd mind,” she tld my yunger self. “If yu ever feel lst r verwhelmed, yu cnsult yur secnd mind.”
I didn’t understand what she meant by “a secnd mind” until I seemed t lse my first mind in my everyday life. Smetimes, it seems as thugh it’s the rainy seasn in my mind, flded with cnfused and distracting thughts that lead nwhere. I need a secnd mind — nw!
As I sit in the barbershp awaiting my nice haircut, a friend asks me, “What’s next?”
“Pick up my academic statement frm cllege,” I say. “Then submit my pems.”
“Yu’ve gt it figured ut like a granny,” he jkes.
“N,” I say, “like my mther.”
56. Why did the authr believe he didn’t need a t-d list befre he turned 25?(n mre than 10 wrds)
_____________________________________________________________________________
57. What des the underlined phrase mean?(n mre than 3 wrds)
_____________________________________________________________________________
58. What kind f persn is the authr’s mther?(n mre than 10wrds)
_____________________________________________________________________________
59. When did the authr turn t “a secnd mind” fr help?(n mre than 10 wrds)
_____________________________________________________________________________
60. Hw have yu benefited frm sme advice given by a family member? Please explain with an example.(n mre than 20 wrds)
_____________________________________________________________________________
61. 假如你是晨光中学的李津，你在宇航爱好者论坛“Space Awaits”看到一则英文讨论帖：一张记录地球文明的光盘将随探测器飞向外太空，光盘拟收录具有代表性的音像资料。根据各国网友的提名，图中六项人气较高。请你根据以下提示用英文跟帖：
（1）对提名的项目进行概括性评论；
（2）从中选取或另行推介一个你认为最值得收录的项目，并说明理由。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Space Awaits
Li Jin
Psted n June 8th, 2025 4:30 p.m.
此处不能答题
2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）
英语笔试 （第二次）
1. — Let me try, captain! I wn’t let yu dwn.
—OK, Paul! .
A. Yu gt me wrngB. It is yur time t shine
C. Yu must be kiddingD. Mind yur wn business
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——让我试试，船长！我不会让你失望的。——好的，保罗！该你大显身手了。A. Yu gt me wrng你误解我了；B. It is yur time t shine该你大显身手了；C. Yu must be kidding你一定是在开玩笑；D. Mind yur wn business管好你自己的事。根据“OK, Paul!”可知，船长同意保罗尝试，所以此处应该是鼓励保罗，说“该你大显身手了”。故选B项。
2. ________ virtual reality becmes mre accessible, many schls are setting up virtual science labs.
A. AsB. UntilC. UnlessD. Althugh
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：随着虚拟现实技术变得越来越普及，许多学校都在设立虚拟科学实验室。根据后文“virtual reality becmes mre accessible”可知，引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”用as。故选A。
3. The Stne Age is the name given t the time ver 2,000,000 years ag, life was very different frm tday.
A. whyB. whichC. whenD. where
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：“石器时代”指的是大约200万年前的那个时期，在那个时期，人类的生活与如今大不相同。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词time，在从句作时间状语，用when。故选C。
4. Deng Jiaxian was ne f the 23 scientists wh awarded fr their extrardinary cntributins t China’s “tw bmbs, ne satellite” prject.
A. wasB. wereC. hasD. have
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致和动词语态。句意：邓稼先，是因对中国“两弹一星”工程做出卓越贡献而获奖的 23 位科学家之一。wh引导定语从句，先行词是the 23 scientists（复数名词），关系词wh代替先行词在从句中作主语，且与award为被动关系，事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，从句用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用were。故选B。
5. The children are encuraged t fllw their natural , and learn abut what interests them.
A. curisityB. balanceC. defenceD. limitatin
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们被鼓励去追随自己天生的好奇心，去探索他们感兴趣的事物。A. curisity好奇心；B. balance平衡；C. defence防御；D. limitatin限制。根据后文“and learn abut what interests them”指鼓励孩子追随自己的好奇心。故选A。
6. Engineers in the UK are ging t build a new satellite t track slar strms.
A. designedB. designingC. t designD. having designed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：英国的工程师们将建造一颗新的卫星，该卫星旨在监测太阳风暴。此处design与satellite构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故选A。
7. — With my brther’s help, I finally cmpleted my chemistry prject.
— Cngratulatins! .
A. Lse lips sink shipsB. Dn’t jump in with tw feet
C. Dn’t be a wet blanketD. Tw heads are better than ne
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查固定表达。句意：——在哥哥的帮助下，我终于完成了我的化学实验项目。——祝贺！三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。A. Lse lips sink ships口无遮拦会酿成大祸；B. Dn’t jump in with tw feet不要鲁莽行事；C. Dn’t be a wet blanket别扫大家的兴；D. Tw heads are better than ne三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。根据上文“With my brther’s help,”可知，夸赞多人合作比一人单独做更有效，故选D。
8. The Sng Dynasty the intrductin f jiazi, which is suppsedly the wrld’s first paper mney.
A. has seenB. had seenC. seesD. saw
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：宋朝见证了交子的出现，交子据说是世界上第一种纸币。see(见证)作主句谓语，结合“The Sng Dynasty”可知，这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故选D项。
9. With rbts varius industrial tasks, factries have increased prductin efficiency.
A. t perfrmB. t be perfrmedC. perfrmingD. being perfrmed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着机器人执行各种工业任务，工厂提高了生产效率。perfrm(执行)在with复合结构中作宾语补足语，用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语rbts之间是主动关系，应现在分词表主动。故选C项。
10. Knwing yur weakness lies is ne f the first and mst challenging steps in learning t manage yurself.
A. thatB. whatC. hwD. where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：知道你的弱点在哪里是学习自我管理的第一步也是最具挑战性的步骤之一。“yur weakness lies”是宾语从句，表示“你的弱点在哪里”，用连接副词where引导宾语从句，在从句中作地点状语。故选D项。
11. There are n displays in the art museum and exhibitins change all the time.
A. permanentB. tempraryC. elegantD. alternative
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艺术博物馆没有永久性的展览，展览总是在变化。A. permanent永久的；B. temprary临时的；C. elegant优雅的；D. alternative可供选择的。根据“exhibitins change all the time”可推知，艺术博物馆的展览不是固定不变的，即没有永久性的展览，用形容词permanent作定语，描述展览的性质。故选A项。
12. New measures are t imprve English translatins in public places in China.
A. at restB. in placeC. under pressureD. beynd reach
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：中国已出台新措施以改善公共场所的英文翻译工作。A. at rest静止的；B. in place实施；C. under pressure受到压力；D. beynd reach无法达到。根据上文“New measures are”可知，指措施得到实施。故选B。
13. A family day ut is an pprtunity t wrk and schl and spend quality time tgether.
A. put asideB. pass nC. take upD. give away
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：全家外出游玩是一个放下工作和学校事务，共度美好时光的机会。A. put aside把……放在一边，暂不考虑；B. pass n传递；C. take up占据；D. give away赠送。结合“and spend quality time tgether”可知，空格处应表达“放下（工作和学校事务）”，故用put aside。故选A。
14 N reader remve a bk frm the library withut permissin.
A. wuldB. mightC. shallD. need
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：未经图书馆管理员允许，任何读者不得将书带出图书馆。考查情态动词。A. wuld将会； B. might可能；C. shall将要，将会；D. need需要。shall用于第二、三人称表示命令、威胁、许诺、警告、规定等。故选C。
15. There are many things teens shuld when deciding what clleges t apply t.
A. set in mtinB. get under cntrl
C. bring t an endD. take int cnsideratin
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：青少年在决定申请哪所大学时，有很多事情需要考虑。A. set in mtin使开始；B. get under cntrl控制住；C. bring t an end结束；D. take int cnsideratin考虑。根据“when deciding what clleges t apply t”可知，在决定申请大学时，需要考虑很多事情，用动词短语take int cnsideratin表示“考虑”，符合语境。故选D项。
Life is a rad full f minr incnveniences and majr setbacks, which everyne faces, ____16____ wealth r scial rank. That is why ptimism, the ability t see the ____17____ side f every negative situatin, is key t success.
What made ptimism s meaningful t me was when I ____18____ the A team f the basketball club fr the upcming seasn. I had always been the starting pint guard, and my ____19____ n the A team was smething I tk fr granted. Hwever, I nly made the B team, ____20____ I wrked my hardest. I didn’t understand why until I saw the new A team, crwded with players that all ____21____ me.
I had t give the B team a chance. But t my ____22____, the play level was much lwer than what I was used t. I lst the drive I’d had befre and gradually became ____23____.
One day I came acrss a scial media pst f anther basketball team, whse pint guard was much mre ____24____ than her teammates. When her teammates made multiple mistakes _____25_____, which cst them several pints, I expected her t be upset, but _____26_____, she patted her teammates n the back and cmfrted them. As I watched her mre, I nticed that she led her team, always _____27_____ and uplifting her teammates.
The realizatin hit me like lightning. What I thught was a _____28_____ turned ut t be a valuable pprtunity, presenting a rare chance t develp _____29_____. S, I started using my _____30_____ t be a leader fr my team. When ur cach needed a(n) _____31_____, I was the first t raise my hand. When my teammates needed help with a skill, I _____32_____ taught them ver and ver again. My effrt paid ff as I _____33_____ remarkably nt just as a player, but as a persn — smething I culd have never achieved n the A team.
When facing challenges in life, sme peple _____34_____ them with ptimism, while thers tend t cmplain. Optimism is a palette, with which yu can paint yur wn light in the darkness, shelter in a strm, and mst imprtantly, a better _____35_____ f yurself!
16. A. regardless fB. due tC. but frD. apart frm
17. A. cmmercialB. psitiveC. crucialD. practical
18. A. lked back nB. gave in tC. put up withD. tried ut fr
19. A. psitinB. fcusC. cmmentD. impressin
20. A. as ifB. in caseC. nw thatD. even thugh
21. A. ran intB. agreed withC. twered verD. saw thrugh
22. A. reliefB. cnfusinC. amazementD. disappintment
23. A. unmtivatedB. disqualifiedC. determinedD. engaged
24. A. amusedB. advancedC. emtinalD. familiar
25. A. t a degreeB. as a ruleC. in a rwD. at a distance
26. A. insteadB. meanwhileC. therwiseD. furthermre
27 A. evaluatingB. interruptingC. encuragingD. interviewing
28. A. trickB. misfrtuneC. mistakeD. cnflict
29. A. reputatinB. innvatinC. leadershipD. friendship
30. A. privacyB. experienceC. scheduleD. ccupatin
31. A. exampleB. annuncementC. cmpetitrD. dnatin
32. A. nervuslyB. patientlyC. gratefullyD. hesitantly
33. A. prtestedB. resignedC. develpedD. emerged
34. A. createB. apprachC. influenceD. perfrm
35. A. appearanceB. shapeC. identityD. versin
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者未入选篮球A队后失落，受另一球队控卫乐观鼓励队友的启发，在B队主动担当领导，最终实现个人成长，强调乐观对克服困境的重要性。
【16题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：生活是一条布满小麻烦和大挫折的漫长道路，每个人都会经历这样的过程，无论其财富多少或社会地位如何。A. regardless f不管，无论；B. due t因为；C. but fr要不是；D. apart frm除了……之外。根据后文“wealth r scial rank”以及上文“which everyne faces”可知，每个人都会经历生活中的挫折，无论其财富多少或社会地位如何。故选A。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么乐观精神——即在每一种不利情况下都能看到积极面能力——是取得成功的关键所在。A. cmmercial商业的；B. psitive积极的；C. crucial重要的；D. practical实际的。根据上文“That is why ptimism”可知，乐观精神指的是看到积极面的能力。故选B。
【18题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：让我觉得乐观精神如此重要的原因在于，当我参加即将开始的赛季中篮球队的A队选拔时。A. lked back n回顾；B. gave in t屈服于；C. put up with忍受；D. tried ut fr角逐，参加……的选拔。根据后文“the A team f the basketball club fr the upcming seasn”可知，作者要参加篮球队的选拔。故选D。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直担任首发控球后卫，所以我在A队的位置对我来说是理所当然的。A. psitin位置；B. fcus集中；C. cmment评论；D. impressin印象。根据上文“I had always been the starting pint guard”可知，此处指作者在球队中的位置。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，我只入选了B队——尽管我全力以赴了。A. as if好像；B. in case万一；C. nw that既然；D. even thugh即使。根据上文“I nly made the B team”以及后文“I wrked my hardest”可知为转折关系，even thugh引导让步状语从句。故选D。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：直到我看到新的A队阵容时，我才明白其中的原因，那队里全是身材比我高大的球员。A. ran int遇到；B. agreed with同意；C. twered ver高耸在上方，在身高或能力上超越；D. saw thrugh看透。根据上文“I nly made the B team”以及“I saw the new A team, crwded with players that all”可知，作者只入选了B队，说明A队队员能力比作者出众。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但令我感到失望的是，这队的水平远低于我以往的预期。A. relief安慰；B. cnfusin困惑；C. amazement惊讶；D. disappintment失望。根据后文“the play level was much lwer than what I was used t”可知，B队水平低于预期，作者感到失望。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我失去了之前拥有的动力，渐渐地变得毫无干劲了。A. unmtivated不感兴趣的；B. disqualified不合格的；C. determined坚定的；D. engaged参与的。根据上文“I lst the drive I’d had befre and gradually became”以及“the play level was much lwer than what I was used t”可知，作者因为失望，失去了动力，渐渐地变得毫无干劲了。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我在社交媒体上看到了一则关于另一支篮球队的帖子，该队的控球后卫比队友们的技术要高超得多。A. amused被逗乐的；B. advanced高超的，高级的；C. emtinal情感的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“I nticed that she led her team”可知，可以带领队伍说明技术高超。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：当她的队友们接连犯下多处错误，导致他们失去了不少分数时，我原本以为她会感到沮丧，但出乎意料的是，她却轻拍着队友们的肩膀，安慰着他们。A. t a degree在某种程度上；B. as a rule通常；C. in a rw连续；D. at a distance远离。根据后文“which cst them several pints”可知，失去不少分数说明连续出现错误，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当她的队友们接连犯下多处错误，导致他们失去了不少分数时，我原本以为她会感到沮丧，但出乎意料的是，她却轻拍着队友们的肩膀，安慰着他们。A. instead反而；B. meanwhile同时；C. therwise否则；D. furthermre此外。根据上文“I expected her t be upset”以及后文“she patted her teammates n the back and cmfrted them.”可知，作者本以为她会感到沮丧，但出乎意料的是，她却轻拍着队友们的肩膀，安慰着他们。instead表示“反而”符合语境。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我更仔细地观察她时，我发现她总是带领着她的团队，总是充满鼓励地激励着队友们。A. evaluating评估；B. interrupting打断；C. encuraging鼓励；D. interviewing采访。根据后文“and uplifting her teammates”可知，她总是鼓励和激励队友们。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我原本以为是件倒霉事，结果却成了一个宝贵的机会，为我提供了难得的提升领导能力的机遇。A. trick诡计；B. misfrtune倒霉事，不幸；C. mistake错误；D. cnflict冲突。根据上文“Hwever, I nly made the B team”以及“the play level was much lwer than what I was used t”可知，作者一开始认为进入了B队是件倒霉事，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我原本以为是件倒霉事，结果却成了一个宝贵的机会，为我提供了难得的提升领导能力的机遇。A. reputatin名誉；B. innvatin创新；C. leadership领导；D. friendship友谊。根据后文“t be a leader fr my team”可知，这次机会让作者提升领导能力。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，我开始利用自己的经验来担任团队的领导者。A. privacy隐私；B. experience经验；C. schedule日程表；D. ccupatin职业。根据上文“I had always been the starting pint guard”可知，作者开始利用自己的经验担任领导者。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们的教练需要一个榜样时，我第一个举起了手。A. example榜样，例子；B. annuncement公告；C. cmpetitr竞争者；D. dnatin捐赠。根据后文“I was the first t raise my hand”以及上文“t be a leader fr my team”可知，作者开始积极投入队伍建设，所以教练需要榜样的时候，自己第一个举手。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我的队友们在某项技能上需要帮助时，我便耐心地一遍又一遍地指导他们。A. nervusly紧张地；B. patiently耐心地；C. gratefully感谢地；D. hesitantly犹豫地。根据后文“ver and ver again”可知，作者耐心指导队友。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的努力得到了回报，无论是作为球员还是个人，我都取得了显著的成长 —— 而这是我在A队永远无法实现的。A. prtested抗议；B. resigned辞职；C. develped发展；D. emerged出现。根据上文“My effrt paid ff as I”可知，指作者的努力取得回报，作为球员取得了显著的进步，得到了发展，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在面对生活中的挑战时，有些人会以乐观的态度去应对，而另一些人则倾向于抱怨。A. create创造；B. apprach应对，靠近；C. influence影响；D. perfrm表现。根据上文“When facing challenges in life”以及后文them指的是challenges，即以乐观的态度去应对挑战，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：乐观就像一盏调色盘，借助它，你可以在黑暗中描绘出属于自己的光芒，在风暴中找到庇护，而最重要的是，能塑造出一个更好的自己！A. appearance外表；B. shape形状；C. identity身份；D. versin版本。根据上文“My effrt paid ff as”以及“smething I culd have never achieved n the A team”可知，作者因为乐观，在B队也取得了进步，即，乐观让作者成为了更好的自己，a better versin f yurself此处表示“更出色的自己”。故选D。
A
Welcme t ur university’s Btanic Garden — plan yur visit, and find ut abut what we d!
Yu can either pay at the Ticket Office n arrival, r bk yur tickets nline. Please nte: Tickets cannt be used n any date ther than the ne they were bked fr and are nn- refundable (不可退款的).
Guidelines fr Visitrs
The Garden is an active research facility and a living museum with a cllectin f ver 8,000 plants.
Please bear in mind sme simple rules fr yur visit:
Only trained wrking dgs are permitted t enter the Garden.
Children must stay with a grwn-up at all times.
Stick strictly t the paths and lawns (草坪).
D nt climb the trees.
Please d nt pick any part f a grwing plant.
Cycling and ball games are nt permitted in the Garden.
Guided Turs in the Garden
With ver 8,000 plant species and a wnderful range f gardens and plantings t enjy, there is smething fr everyne at the Garden, and many different aspects t appeal t a wide variety f interest grups.
◆ Free Drp-in Weekend Turs
Enjy a free-f-charge Garden tur with ne f ur expert guides, taking in the seasnal highlights f the Garden.
Our weekend turs are available every Sunday at 11:30 a. m. and 2p. m. thrughut the year. During the mnths f January and February these turs fcus n the Winter Garden, Snwdrps and general winter interest.
The free turs last ne hur and start frm the Funtain, near the MainLawn.
Grup Turs
Our experienced vlunteer guides will help yu enjy the highlights and prvide sme f the backgrund histry and develpment f this amazing garden.
These 90-minute, pre-bkable turs are ideal fr adult grups wishing t make the mst f their visit t ur 40-acre site. Please visit the Grup Guided Turs page fr mre details.
36. What shuld a ptential visitr take nte f befre bking a ticket t the Garden?
A. Whether ne can affrd the visit.
B. Whether the Garden website is accessible.
C. Whether ne can accept the ticket-bking plicy.
D. Whether the tickets are still available at the Ticket Office.
37. A kid is allwed t visit the Garden when they are .
A. well trainedB. with a bicycle
C. accmpanied by an adultD. guided by their wrking dg
38. What behaviur is acceptable in the Garden?
A. Picking a flwer.B. Climbing a tree.
C. Playing a ball game.D. Walking n the lawns.
39. Where d the free drp-in weekend turs start?
A. Snwdrps.B. The Funtain.
C. The Main Lawn.D. The Winter Garden.
40. What special service can visitrs enjy n the grup tur?
A. The cmpany f prfessinal guides.
B. The explanatin f hw the Garden wrks.
C. The extended visit in and arund the Garden.
D. The intrductin t the birth and grwth f the Garden.
【答案】36. C 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍大学植物园的购票规则、游客需遵守的规定，还提及免费周末导览和需预约的团体导览，助力游客规划参观。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Tickets cannt be used n any date ther than the ne they were bked fr and are nn- refundable (不可退款的).(这些票只能在预订的日期使用，其他日期不可使用，而且一经售出不予退款)”可知，在预订前往花园的门票之前，潜在游客应该注意是否能接受该门票预订政策。故选C。
37题详解】
细节理解题。根据Guidelines fr Visitrs部分“Children must stay with a grwn-up at all times.(孩子们任何时候都必须由成年人陪同)”可知，孩子由成人陪同下可以进入花园。故选C。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据Guidelines fr Visitrs部分“Stick strictly t the paths and lawns (草坪).(一定要沿着人行道和草坪行走)”可知，在草坪上行走是被允许的。故选D。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据◆ Free Drp-in Weekend Turs部分“The free turs last ne hur and start frm the Funtain, near the MainLawn.(免费导览活动时长一小时，从靠近主草坪的喷泉处开始)”可知，免费的周末旅游从喷泉处开始。故选B。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Our experienced vlunteer guides will help yu enjy the highlights and prvide sme f the backgrund histry and develpment f this amazing garden.(我们经验丰富的志愿者导游会帮助您领略这座花园的精华之处，并为您介绍一些有关这座神奇花园的历史背景和发展历程)”可知，团体游中游客可以享受到介绍花园的诞生与成长。故选D。
B
My great grandmther received the dllhuse (玩具小屋) frm a family friend back in the late 1800s. It was then passed dwn frm generatin t generatin. I was seven when I discvered it underneath the tree n Christmas mrning.
In ur huse, Mm set up a sewing area. I sat at her sewing machine, my feet barely reaching the presser ft. Mm bent ver me, her hands n mine, gently guiding small bits f clth under the needle t create dllhuse bedding. She als taught me t make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mm demnstrated that anything culd be turned int dllhuse furniture. I learnt t view the wrld as a place f pssibility. I spent hurs f my girlhd sitting befre my dllhuse, telling made-up stries, and creating miniatures (缩微模型). But eventually schl activities tk ver, and the dllhuse was mved t the attic (阁楼).
Over the next 40 years, the strytelling skills I’d practiced with the dllhuse grew int nvel writing skills, and I develped a career as an authr. One day, after hurs f wrking n my furth bk, I tk a break by surfing the Internet and happened t ntice the beautiful dllhuses peple psted n scial media. They reminded me f mine. I went t the attic, brught it back t my rm and started updating it.
During the mindless hurs f sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened t audibks abut the histry f dllhuses, learning that they were nt invented fr play. There’s a lng, rich histry f peple in hardship turning t dllhuses t find cmfrt. They weren’t prduced as tys until mass prductin became standard after 1945. This inspired me t create a nvel where art saves the day.
The truth was I myself needed art t save the day. Mm was then slipping away frm me wing t prgressive memry lss. The nly tpic we culd discuss with any genuine jy was the update f the dllhuse. She lved retelling its histry — thse ld memries. Mm didn’t find it strange at all that her 50-year-ld daughter was updating the dllhuse. She just thught it fun and beautiful. And it was. It was a wrld where Mm and I were at ur best tgether.
41. What did the authr’s mther teach her t d?
A. T sew and create miniatures.
B. T add imaginary figures t the dllhuse.
C. T make up fairy tales set in the dllhuse.
D. T d il paintings and glue them nt the little walls.
42. Why did the authr decide t update the dllhuse decades later?
A. She intended t fllw the trend n scial media.
B. She was eager t start a new career as a ty designer.
C. She felt the urge t cmpete with ther dllhuse makers.
D. She was inspired by peple sharing their dllhuses nline.
43. What did the authr learn abut dllhuses frm the audibks?
A. They were initially created fr play.
B. Peple nce sught cmfrt in them.
C. Rich peple sld them fr mney during difficult times.
D. A unifrm standard fr their prductin was set in 1945.
44. What rle did the dllhuse play in strengthening the emtinal ties between the authr and her aging mther?
A. A reminder f their childhd dreams.B. A mirrr f the eventful family histry.
C. A tl t bring back gd ld memries.D. A means t imprve her mther’s memry.
45. What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. The Dllhuse: A Lifelng TyB. Grwing up with the Dllhuse
C. The Dllhuse: Mre Than Just a TyD. Dllhuse Making and Nvel Writing
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与玩具小屋之间的故事，包括其来源、作者小时候与母亲一起制作玩具小屋内的物品、长大后因玩具小屋而走上写作道路，以及多年后因母亲记忆力衰退而重新更新玩具小屋，并在此过程中与母亲共度美好时光的经历。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mm bent ver me, her hands n mine, gently guiding small bits f clth under the needle t create dllhuse bedding. She als taught me t make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mm demnstrated that anything culd be turned int dllhuse furniture. (妈妈俯身在我身上，双手放在我的手上，轻轻地把小块布料引到针下，做成玩具小屋的床上用品。她还教我制作迷你毯子。妈妈用一点颜料和胶水向我展示，任何东西都可以变成玩具小屋的家具。)”可知，作者的妈妈教她缝纫和制作微型物品。故选A项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“One day, after hurs f wrking n my furth bk, I tk a break by surfing the Internet and happened t ntice the beautiful dllhuses peple psted n scial media. They reminded me f mine. I went t the attic, brught it back t my rm and started updating it. (一天，在写了四个小时的第四本书后，我上网休息了一下，碰巧注意到人们在社交媒体上发布的漂亮的玩具小屋。它们让我想起了我的玩具小屋。我去了阁楼，把它带回我的房间，开始更新它。)”可知，作者决定更新玩具小屋是因为她在网上看到人们分享他们的玩具小屋，这让她想起了自己的玩具小屋。故选D项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“During the mindless hurs f sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened t audibks abut the histry f dllhuses, learning that they were nt invented fr play. There’s a lng, rich histry f peple in hardship turning t dllhuses t find cmfrt. (在无意识地缝纫和布置家具的几个小时里，我听了一些关于玩具小屋历史的有声书，了解到它们并不是为了玩而发明的。人们在困境中求助于玩具小屋以寻求安慰，有着悠久而丰富的历史。)”可知，作者从有声书中了解到人们曾经在玩具小屋中寻求安慰。故选B项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The truth was I myself needed art t save the day. Mm was then slipping away frm me wing t prgressive memry lss. The nly tpic we culd discuss with any genuine jy was the update f the dllhuse. She lved retelling its histry — thse ld memries. (事实是我自己也需要艺术来拯救这一天。当时，由于记忆力逐渐衰退，妈妈正从我身边溜走。我们唯一能真正愉快地讨论的话题就是玩具小屋的更新。她喜欢重述它的历史——那些古老的记忆。)”可知，玩具小屋是作者和母亲一起回忆美好旧时光的工具，在母亲记忆力衰退的情况下，它成为了加强她们之间情感联系的纽带。故选C项。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据最后一段中“The truth was I myself needed art t save the day. Mm was then slipping away frm me wing t prgressive memry lss. The nly tpic we culd discuss with any genuine jy was the update f the dllhuse. She lved retelling its histry — thse ld memries. (事实是我自己也需要艺术来拯救这一天。当时，由于记忆力逐渐衰退，妈妈正从我身边溜走。我们唯一能真正愉快地讨论的话题就是玩具小屋的更新。她喜欢重述它的历史——那些古老的记忆。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者与玩具小屋之间的故事，玩具小屋不仅仅是玩具，它承载了作者和母亲的美好回忆和情感，C项“The Dllhuse: Mre Than Just a Ty (玩具小屋：不仅仅是一个玩具)”概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选C项。
C
All animals take in xygen frm the air they breathe in, and release CO₂ frm their bld when breathing ut. Mst mammals (哺乳动物) can’t directly detect xygen levels in the bld supplied t their tissues. Instead, they rely n the rising level f CO₂ in their bld t signal that they might need t take a breath. But a recent study published in Science suggests seals (海豹) can sense the amunt f xygen in the bld, and change their diving behavir in respnse.
T find ut if xygen levels affected seal behavir, Prfessr McKnight at the University f St. Andrews and his clleagues created a special sectin in a pl where yung seals were held. In ne crner, there was a breathing chamber (呼吸室), where they were sheltered frm the rain and the wind.
The breathing chamber was surrunded by panels that prevented surface swimming, yet swimming belw the surface fr abut 200 feet wuld give the seals access t a feeder where they culd eat as much fish as they liked. Once the seals gt familiar with the setup, the researchers started t gradually change the cmpsitin f the air in the breathing chamber, increasing r reducing the levels f xygen and CO₂ t see an effect n their behavir. Sure enugh: the higher the level f xygen, the lnger the seals stayed at the feeder.
The finding suggests that seals dn’t just physically respnd t xygen levels by changing their heart rate r breathing, but that they are sufficiently aware f them t change their behavir. This ability wuld put seals in a class beynd any land mammals that have been tested. Since xygen levels n land remain stable, humans dn’t seem t have evlved (演化) t ntice lw bld xygen levels, smetimes nt even when they’re abut t pass ut in free-diving.
Therefre, in free-diving withut xygen tanks, accidents are quite cmmn. Our reliance n sensing CO₂ levels in ur bld instead f xygen may be t blame. Actually, this is a perfectly reasnable strategy n land, where grwing CO₂ tends t signal breathing issues. But when hlding ur breath during diving, relying n CO₂ levels is risky, especially n repeated dives. Because every time we surface and breathe in, ur sensitivity t CO₂ is decreased, even if its levels are already high, and this increases the chance that a persn will, withut awareness, pass ut befre they get t the surface.
46. What d mst mammals rely n t determine when t take a breath?
A. The grwing amunt f CO₂ in their bld.
B. The rising level f xygen in their lungs.
C. The intensity f their physical activity.
D. The bld supply t bdy tissues.
47. When wuld the seals stay at the feeder fr a lnger perid f time?
A. When they needed t take in mre fd at the feeder.
B. When the xygen level in the chamber grew higher.
C. When they familiarized themselves with the setup.
D. When the CO₂ level in the chamber was raised.
48. What results in humans’ inability t ntice lw xygen levels in their bld?
A. The unstable CO₂ levels in the air.
B. Their lack f attentin t breathing.
C. The cnstant xygen levels n land.
D. Their functinally changeable heart rate.
49. Why d accidents ften ccur when divers g free-diving?
A. Their breath cannt be held lng enugh.
B. They cannt adjust the cnsumptin f xygen.
C. They may fail t ntice rising CO₂ levels sn enugh.
D. Their breathing rgans stp wrking prperly underwater.
50. Which statement is prbably supprted by McKnight’s seal research?
A. Seals have evlved t survive in lw xygen envirnments.
B. Seals are quick t sense xygen levels and act accrdingly.
C. Seals can maintain their heart rate even with lw bld xygen levels.
D. Seals are mre sensitive t changes in the envirnment than ther mammals.
【答案】46. A 47. B 48. C 49. C 50. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了海豹能感知血液中氧气量并据此改变潜水行为，人类则因陆地氧气稳定未演化出此能力。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Mst mammals (哺乳动物) can’t directly detect xygen levels in the bld supplied t their tissues. Instead, they rely n the rising level f CO₂ in their bld t signal that they might need t take a breath.(大多数哺乳动物不能直接检测供应给组织的血液中的氧气水平。相反，它们依靠血液中二氧化碳水平的上升来发出可能需要呼吸的信号)”可知，大多数哺乳动物依靠血液中二氧化碳含量的上升来判断何时呼吸。故选A。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Once the seals gt familiar with the setup, the researchers started t gradually change the cmpsitin f the air in the breathing chamber, increasing r reducing the levels f xygen and CO₂ t see an effect n their behavir. Sure enugh: the higher the level f xygen, the lnger the seals stayed at the feeder.(一旦海豹熟悉了这种设置，研究人员开始逐渐改变呼吸室中空气的成分，增加或减少氧气和二氧化碳的水平，以观察对其行为的影响。果然如此：氧气水平越高，海豹在喂食器停留的时间就越长)”可知，当呼吸室中的氧气水平升高时，海豹会在喂食器停留更长时间。故选B。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Since xygen levels n land remain stable, humans dn’t seem t have evlved (演化) t ntice lw bld xygen levels, smetimes nt even when they’ re abut t pass ut in free-diving.(由于陆地上的氧气水平保持稳定，人类似乎没有进化出注意到血液中低氧水平的能力，有时甚至在自由潜水即将昏倒时也没有)”可知，人类无法察觉血液中低氧水平是因为陆地上氧气水平稳定。故选C。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Because every time we surface and breathe in, ur sensitivity t CO₂ is decreased, even if its levels are already high, and this increases the chance that a persn will, withut awareness, pass ut befre they get t the surface.(因为每次我们浮出水面吸气时，我们对二氧化碳的敏感性都会降低，即使其水平已经很高，这也会增加一个人在浮出水面之前无意识地昏倒的可能性)”可知，潜水员在自由潜水时经常发生事故是因为他们可能没有及时注意到二氧化碳水平的上升。故选C。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“But a recent study published in Science suggests seals (海豹) can sense the amunt f xygen in the bld,and change their diving behavir in respnse.(但最近发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究表明，海豹可以感知血液中的氧气量，并相应地改变它们的潜水行为)”和第四段中“The finding suggests that seals dn’t just physically respnd t xygen levels by changing their heart rate r breathing, but that they are sufficiently aware f them t change their behavir.(这一发现表明，海豹不仅仅是通过改变心率或呼吸来对氧气水平做出身体反应，而是它们对氧气水平有足够的意识来改变它们的行为)”可知，McKnight的海豹研究表明，海豹能迅速感知氧气水平并据此采取行动。故选B。
D
Science serves as a pwerful tl fr unlcking the mysteries f the universe, but understanding its limitatins is essential fr its effective applicatin. There are ccasins where I have used the handle f a knife as a hammer (锤子), but the result wuld have been better if I’d had a mre suitable tl at hand. As far as science ges, it is really gd at testing things that are testable, but nt s fr thse that are nt.
We can d, and have dne, an impressive amunt with ur brains. But there are limits. Smetimes these limits g away if we keep at it fr lng enugh — we just need better facilities and experiments t get the answer. Breaking new grund in mdern science this way can be cstly. Next-generatin supercmputers r incredibly large telescpes are expensive, yet these may be required t find answers t sme f the unslved mysteries f the universe.
Smetimes the limits we encunter in trying t unlck the nature f the universe are cgnitive (认知的). Think abut this: human DNA is nly abut 1.2 percent different frm that f chimps (黑猩猩). Chimps are smart, n questin. But culd yu teach them advanced mathematics? What if ur DNA were anther 1.2 percent further evlved than it is? What might ur brains be capable f then? The level f abstract thinking might be unimaginable.
Smetimes the limits we hit are fundamental. There are laws f nature we may never be able t understand, hwever advanced ur brains might becme. There are experiments we might never be able t perfrm. We may never be able t test what caused the universe t be created, and what caused the cause f the universe being created. This is where science may never break thrugh.
Fr smething t be cnsidered scientific, it must, by definitin, be testable. There is a prblem here: it may nt need t be testable right nw, but it must be testable at sme pint in the future by experiment. If an idea is untestable, that desn’t mean it is wrng. It means it is untestable fr nw. These untestable ideas als happen t be sme f the mst interesting nes, prbably because they’ve puzzled humanity fr centuries.
51. Why des the authr mentin “knife” and “hammer” in Paragraph 1?
A. T demnstrate hw tls can be used creatively.
B. T highlight cnsequences f using a wrng tl.
C. T shw the necessity f keeping a handy tl within reach.
D. T stress the need fr the right tl t achieve desired results.
52. What is ften required in breaking new grund in science?
A. Brader science educatin.B. Mre advanced facilities fr experiments.
C. Deeper understanding f the brain pwer.D. Mre investment in next-generatin scientists.
53. Hw des the authr assess human beings in terms f their cgnitive capacity?
A. They are just 2.4% away frm true abstract thinking.
B. They are slightly smarter than ther intelligent beings.
C. They are yet t evlve further t learn mre abut the universe.
D. They are gd at slving prblems with advanced mathematics.
54. What message des Paragraph 4 cnvey?
A. Sme puzzles abut the universe are way beynd scientific explratin.
B. Experimental research lays slid fundatins fr space technlgy.
C. Bundaries f science can be pushed back with determined effrts.
D. Limitatins f science may result frm insufficient testing.
55. What has the authr added t the definitin f a scientific idea?
A. Crrect ideas are testable.B. Untestable ideas can be true.
C. Sme scientific ideas may never be testable.D. An idea must be testable t be seen as crrect.
【答案】51. D 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出科学是探索宇宙的有力工具，但存在局限，包括需先进设备、人类认知待进化、有根本性难题难突破，还补充不可测试的想法未必错误。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Science serves as a pwerful tl fr unlcking the mysteries f the universe, but understanding its limitatins is essential fr its effective applicatin. There are ccasins where I have used the handle f a knife as a hammer (锤子), but the result wuld have been better if I’d had a mre suitable tl at hand. As far as science ges, it is really gd at testing things that are testable, but nt s fr thse that are nt. (科学是解开宇宙奥秘的有力工具，但了解其局限性对于其有效应用至关重要。有时我会把刀柄当作锤子来使用，但要是手边有更合适的工具就好了。就科学而言，它在能进行测试的事物上表现得非常出色，但对于那些无法测试的事物则不然。)”可知，作者在第一段中提及“刀”和“锤子”是为了强调使用合适的工具以达到预期效果的重要性。故选D。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“We can d, and have dne, an impressive amunt with ur brains. But there are limits. Smetimes these limits g away if we keep at it fr lng enugh — we just need better facilities and experiments t get the answer. Breaking new grund in mdern science this way can be cstly. Next-generatin supercmputers r incredibly large telescpes are expensive, yet these may be required t find answers t sme f the unslved mysteries f the universe. (我们的大脑能够完成并且已经完成了大量的工作。但也有其局限性。有时，如果我们持续努力足够长的时间，这些局限性就会消失——我们只是需要更先进的设备和实验来得出答案。以这种方式在现代科学领域开辟新领域可能会耗费大量资源。下一代超级计算机或极其巨大的望远镜价格不菲，但这些可能是解决宇宙中一些未解之谜所必需的。)”可知，在科学领域开拓新领域时，通常需要更先进的实验设备。故选B。
【53题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“What if ur DNA were anther 1.2 percent further evlved than it is? What might ur brains be capable f then? The level f abstract thinking might be unimaginable. (倘若我们的DNA进化程度再提高1.2%呢？那我们的大脑又会具备怎样的能力呢？抽象思维的水平或许会令人难以想象。)”可知，作者认为人类的认知能力尚未进一步进化以更好地了解宇宙。故选C。
【54题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Smetimes the limits we hit are fundamental. There are laws f nature we may never be able t understand, hwever advanced ur brains might becme. There are experiments we might never be able t perfrm. We may never be able t test what caused the universe t be created, and what caused the cause f the universe being created. This is where science may never break thrugh. (有时我们所遭遇的限制是根本性的。存在着一些自然法则，即便我们的大脑变得再先进，我们也可能永远无法理解。还有一些实验我们可能永远无法进行。我们或许永远无法验证是什么导致了宇宙的诞生，以及是什么导致了宇宙诞生的原因。这就是科学可能永远无法取得突破的地方。)”可知，第4段传达了有些关于宇宙的谜题远远超出了科学探索的范畴。故选A。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“If an idea is untestable, that desn’t mean it is wrng. It means it is untestable fr nw. These untestable ideas als happen t be sme f the mst interesting nes, prbably because they’ve puzzled humanity fr centuries. (如果一个想法无法进行验证，这并不意味着它就是错误的。这意味着目前它还无法被验证。而这些无法验证的想法恰恰往往是最具趣味性的，可能是因为它们已经困扰人类数百年之久。)”可知，作者认为不可测试的想法也可能是正确的。故选B。
阅读表达
In the mrning, I write this t-d list:
1. G t the bank.
2. Get a nice haircut.
3. Pick up my academic statement frm cllege.
4. Submit my pems.
I think, “That’s enugh fr ne day.”
Up until a few years ag, I didn’t aim t be anywhere. And in rder t be nwhere, ne des nt need a t-d list as a guide. Fcusing nly n the mst pressing matter in frnt f me was enugh. Let the next urgent mment think fr me.
My mther had tried t teach me abut planning my day ever since I was 10. But I never practiced it until I was 25 and dne with cllege. That’s when I awke t the fact that I didn’t want t waste any mre time. I live in Nigeria, where life and success can be difficult. There seem t be many rads t failure here.
I grew up seeing my mther firmly in charge f her day. She knew — and still knws — where she needed t be at every mment, in every detail. She may nt be gd at singing, acting, r sprts. But she is excellent at planning. Every day she writes a list. I never understd why she had t write dwn a list that cnsists f items yu can easily hld in yur mind. “Yur t-d list is like yur secnd mind,” she tld my yunger self. “If yu ever feel lst r verwhelmed, yu cnsult yur secnd mind.”
I didn’t understand what she meant by “a secnd mind” until I seemed t lse my first mind in my everyday life. Smetimes, it seems as thugh it’s the rainy seasn in my mind, flded with cnfused and distracting thughts that lead nwhere. I need a secnd mind — nw!
As I sit in the barbershp awaiting my nice haircut, a friend asks me, “What’s next?”
“Pick up my academic statement frm cllege,” I say. “Then submit my pems.”
“Yu’ve gt it figured ut like a granny,” he jkes.
“N,” I say, “like my mther.”
56. Why did the authr believe he didn’t need a t-d list befre he turned 25?(n mre than 10 wrds)
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57. What des the underlined phrase mean?(n mre than 3 wrds)
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58. What kind f persn is the authr’s mther?(n mre than 10wrds)
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59. When did the authr turn t “a secnd mind” fr help?(n mre than 10 wrds)
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60. Hw have yu benefited frm sme advice given by a family member? Please explain with an example.(n mre than 20 wrds)
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【答案】56. (Because) he didn't aim t be anywher Or: (Because) he aimed t be nwhere.
57. Realized/Became aware.
58. She is gd at planning her day.
59. When his mind was cnfused.
60 Mm tld me t plan study; I imprved grades.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者曾不做待办清单，25岁后受尼日利亚生活压力及擅长规划的母亲影响开始列清单，借清单应对思绪混乱，明确每日安排。
【56题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第七段“Up until a few years ag, I didn’t aim t be anywhere. And in rder t be nwhere, ne des nt need a t-d list as a guide.(直到几年前，我都没有给自己设定任何目标。而要想处于毫无作为的状态，根本不需要制定任何待办事项清单来作为指引。)”可知，作者在25岁之前根本就没打算去任何地方，不需要待办事项清单。故答案为(Because) he didn't aim t be anywher Or: (Because) he aimed t be nwhere.
【57题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据划线词后文“the fact that I didn’t want t waste any mre time(我不想再浪费任何时间了)”可知，作者意识到自己不想浪费时间，故划线词意思是“意识到”。故答案为Realized/Became aware.
【58题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第六段“I grew up seeing my mther firmly in charge f her day. She knew — and still knws — where she needed t be at every mment, in every detail. She may nt be gd at singing, acting, r sprts. But she is excellent at planning. Every day she writes a list.(我从小就看到母亲时刻掌控着自己的生活。她清楚——而且现在依然清楚——自己在每一刻、每一个细节中该做些什么。她或许不擅长唱歌、表演或运动。但她非常擅长规划。每天她都会列一个清单)”可知，作者的母亲擅长规划日常。故答案为She is gd at planning her day.
【59题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第五段“Smetimes, it seems as thugh it’s the rainy seasn in my mind, flded with cnfused and distracting thughts that lead nwhere. I need a secnd mind — nw!(有时候，我的脑海里仿佛正值雨季，充斥着混乱又扰人的思绪，却毫无方向。我现在就需要一个“第二大脑”！)”可知，作者思绪混乱时求助。故答案为When his mind was cnfused.
【60题详解】
考查开放题。根据“您从一位家庭成员给出的建议中获得了怎样的益处？请举例说明。”可回答：妈妈让我安排好学习计划；我的成绩因此得到了提高。故答案为Mm tld me t plan study; I imprved grades.
61. 假如你是晨光中学的李津，你在宇航爱好者论坛“Space Awaits”看到一则英文讨论帖：一张记录地球文明的光盘将随探测器飞向外太空，光盘拟收录具有代表性的音像资料。根据各国网友的提名，图中六项人气较高。请你根据以下提示用英文跟帖：
（1）对提名的项目进行概括性评论；
（2）从中选取或另行推介一个你认为最值得收录的项目，并说明理由。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
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【答案】范文
All the items nminated here reflect the richness f human civilizatin. Frm the impressive Great Wall t the ancient pyramids, we can see humankind’s architectural achievements. The lively animal sunds shw ur cnnectin with nature, and “Hell” in different languages highlights ur glbal diversity. Meanwhile, Peking Opera and mdern high-speed trains represent cultural heritage and technlgical prgress.
Of all these items, I believe “Hell” in different languages deserves special attentin. It reminds us that despite ur varius cultures and histries, we share the same desire t cmmunicate and cnnect with each ther. If aliens ever cme acrss the disc, a universal greeting will be a warm and friendly invitatin fr them t learn mre abut ur beautiful planet and the peple n it.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生用英文跟帖，要求内容对提名的项目进行概括性评论以及从中选取或另行推介一个你认为最值得收录的项目，并说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
成就：achievement→accmplishment
各种各样：varius→a variety f
发现：cme acrss→discver
同时：meanwhile→at the same time
2.句式拓展
句型转换
原句：Of all these items, I believe “Hell” in different languages deserves special attentin.
拓展句：Of all these items, I hld the belief that “Hell” in different languages deserves special attentin.
【点睛】【高分句型1】If aliens ever cme acrss the disc, a universal greeting will be a warm and friendly invitatin fr them t learn mre abut ur beautiful planet and the peple n it.（运用了if引导条件状语从句）
【高分句型2】Of all these items, I believe “Hell” in different languages deserves special attentin.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
Space Awaits
Li Jin
Psted n June 8th, 2025 4:30 p.m.
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