Unit 1 Past and present 语法篇（“导”与“练”）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册导练测同步（译林版2024）

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Unit 1 Past and present 语法篇（现在完成时I）(满分45分，答题时间45分钟)一、单项选择(每题1分，满分30分)1. —________, China has realized the goal of a moderately prosperous society(小康社会).—So it has.A. So farB. In the pastC. Right now D. Just now【答案】A【解析】句意：“迄今为止，中国已经实现了小康社会的目标。”“确实如此。”So far迄今为止；In the past在过去；Right now现在，立即；Just now刚才。根据“has realized”可知，句子使用现在完成时，so far常与现在完成时连用，表示“到目前为止”，故选A。2. —Have you had the English test ________?—No, not yet. But we have ________ had the math test.A. already, yetB. yet, alreadyC. already, alreadyD. yet, yet【答案】B【解析】句意：“你已经完成英语考试了吗？”“不，还没有。但是我已经完成了数学考试。”yet用于疑问句中表示“已经”；already用于肯定句中表示“已经”。第一个空为一般疑问句，故填yet；第二个空为肯定句，故填already，故选B。3. —Bob, why is your room in such a terrible mess again? —I tidied it up ten minutes ago. Little Jerry has _______ played here.A. justB. alreadyC. neverD. yet【答案】A【解析】句意：“鲍勃，你的房间怎么又这么乱了？”“我十分钟之前刚打扫干净的。小杰瑞刚刚在这里玩了。”just刚刚；already已经；never从不，从来没有；yet仍，还，常用于否定句或疑问句中。根据语境可知，现在房间又变乱了，因此小杰瑞刚刚在这里玩了，故选A。4. I like English very much, so I ________ read English every day in the morning.A. usuallyB. hardly everC. neverD. ever【答案】A【解析】句意：我非常喜欢英语，所以我通常每天早上读英语。考查频度副词辨析。usually通常；hardly ever几乎不；never从不；ever曾经。由“非常喜欢英语”可知，我通常每天早上读英语，故选A。5.—Have you washed the clothes _______?—Yes, I have _______ washed them.A. just, justB. yet, justC. just, yetD. yet, yet【答案】B【解析】句意：“你洗完衣服了吗？”“是的，我刚洗完。” just刚才、刚刚，常用于肯定句；yet仍未、还未，常用于疑问句和否定句，且通常在句末位置。第一个空，现在完成时态，一般疑问句，因此用yet；第二个空，现在完成时态，表示刚刚洗完衣服，肯定句用just，故选B。6. —Have you ________ visited Shanghai Disneyland?—Not ________. I’m looking forward to visiting it as soon as possible.A. yet, yetB. yet, alreadyC. ever, neverD. ever, yet【答案】D【解析】句意：“你曾去参观过上海迪士尼乐园吗?”“还没有。我期待着尽快去参观它。”yet还、仍然，用于完成时的否定句，一般放在句末；already已经，用于完成时的肯定句；ever曾经，用于现在完成时态；never从不，不一定要用在现在完成时态中。第一个空，根据“Have you … visited Shanghai Disneyland?”可知是问是否曾经去参观过上海迪士尼乐园，因此用ever；第二个空，由后面的“I’m looking forward to visiting it as soon as possible.”可知是没有去过，not yet“还没有”，故选D。7. —Mark, look at this. I have ________ seen such a fine painting before. —Wow, it is perfect.A. neverB. alreadyC. everD. yet【答案】A【解析】句意：“Mark，看这个。我以前从未见过这么好的画。”“哇，它是完美的。”never从不；already已经；ever曾；yet还。根据“Wow, it is perfect”可知，从未见到如此美的画，所以感叹它的美妙，故选A。8. I became a student ten years ________. I have been a student ________ 2004. I have studied here ________ about 10 years.A. ago, since, forB. ago, for, sinceC. ago, before, forD. before, in, after【答案】A【解析】句意：我十年前成为一名学生。我从2004年开始就是一名学生。我在这里学习了大约10年。ago之前；since自从；for与一段时间连用；before在之前；after在之后。根据became可知，此空应填ago，一段时间+ago通常与一般过去时连用。since+过去的时间点通常与现在完成时连用，根据have been可知，第二空填since。“about 10 years”是一段时间，与介词for连用，故选A。9. The new museum for Modern Chinese Scientists ________ to the public since last spring.A. are openB. was openingC. has been openD. will be open【答案】C【解析】句意：这个新的中国现代科学家博物馆自去年春天以来一直对公众开放。根据“since last spring”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”，且“be open”表示状态，“open”是形容词，意为“开放的”，其现在完成时结构为“has been open”，故选C。10. —Look! Someone ________ the room up!—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.A. tidiesB. has tidiedC. will tidyD. is tidying【答案】B【解析】句意：“看！有人已经打扫了房间！”“嗯，那不是我。我没做。”根据答语“it wasn’t me”可知，动作已完成并对现在有影响，时态用现在完成时，故选B。11. Our English teacher isn’t in the office now. She ________ the library.A. goes toB. has gone toC. will go toD. was going to【答案】B【解析】句意：我们的英语老师现在不在办公室。她去图书馆了。根据“Our English teacher isn’t in the office now”可知，“去图书馆”的动作发生在过去，且对现在造成了“不在办公室”的影响，需用现在完成时；“has gone to” 符合“去了未回”的语境，故选B。12. With the development of science and technology, more and more robots ________ in our daily lives recently.A. appearB. appearedC. have appearedD. will appear【答案】C【解析】句意：随着科学技术的发展，越来越多的机器人出现在我们的日常生活中。根据“recently”可知此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时have/has done，故选C。13. Sorry, I’m busy at the moment. I ________ my homework.A. am doingB. have doneC. will doD. was doing【答案】A【解析】句意：对不起，我现在很忙。我正在做我的作业。根据“Sorry, I’m busy at the moment.”可知，现在很忙，说明正在做某事，用现在进行时，am doing符合语境，故选A。14. Many international students ________ to visit our school since last year.A. are comingB. have comeC. cameD. will come【答案】B【解析】句意：自去年以来，许多国际学生来参观我们学校。根据“since last year”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has done，故选B。15. —What’s that terrible noise outside?—The Blacks ______ some house repairs. The noise is a big headache for me!A. doB. are doingC. have doneD. will do【答案】B【解析】句意：“外面那可怕的噪音是什么？”“布莱克一家正在做一些房屋维修。这噪音真让我头疼！”根据“What’s that terrible noise outside?”可知，此处表示现在正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，其结构为“be+doing”，主语“The Blacks”表示布莱克一家，是复数，be动词用are，故选B。16. —We have been friends since we ________ in the same neighborhood.—How time flies!A. have livedB. livedC. liveD. will live【答案】B【解析】句意：“自从我们住在同一个街区以来，我们一直是朋友。”“时间过得真快！”根据“We have been friends since we ... in the same neighborhood.”可知，“since”引导的时间状语从句，主句使用现在完成时，从句应使用一般过去时，故选B。 17. —So far, three Chinese women astronauts ________ into space. —That’s true. They’re the pride of our nation.A. travelB. have traveledC. will travelD. traveled【答案】B【解析】句意：“到目前为止，已经有三名中国女宇航员进入了太空。”“确实如此。她们是我们国家的骄傲。”so far常与现在完成时连用，故选B。18. —Why are you so happy?—I ________ the science project, and I think I did a really good job.A. am completingB. will completeC. have completedD. was completing【答案】C【解析】句意：“你为什么这么高兴？”“我已完成科学项目，而且我觉得我做得非常好。”根据题干语境可知，“完成科学项目”这一动作对现在产生的影响是“很开心”，应用现在完成时，故选C。19. —Hey, Lily! You look so energetic now.—Yeah! I started my weight-management journey last year. All my efforts _______ off. I feel so much better now.A. are payingB. will payC. payD. have paid【答案】D【解析】句意：“嘿，莉莉！你现在看起来精力充沛。”“耶！去年我开始了我的体重管理之旅。我所有的努力都得到了回报。我现在感觉好多了。”pay支付，pay off得到回报。根据“I feel so much better now.”可知，我现在感觉好多了，因此表示我的体重管理已经得到了回报，因此用现在完成时，故选D。20. It’s been 100 years ________ the May Fourth Movement took place on May4, 1919.A. forB. inC. sinceD. on【答案】C【解析】句意：五四运动自1919年5月4日发生以来已经有100年了。for后接时间段；in后接表示将来的时间；since自从，后接时间点；on后接具体的某一天。根据“It’s been 100 years”可知，此处表示从过去某个时间点到现在的时长，since引导的时间状语从句常与现在完成时连用，符合语境，故选C。21. The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office. I’m afraid he ________ his work.A. doesn’t finishB. didn’t finishC. hasn’t finishedD. won’t finish【答案】C【解析】句意：林先生办公室的灯还亮着。恐怕他还没有完成工作。根据“The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office.”可知，林先生办公室的灯还亮着，说明他的工作应该还没有完成，句子应用现在完成时，故选C。22. My uncle has worked in the TV station ________ he graduated from university.A. becauseB. althoughC. ifD. since【答案】D【解析】句意：我的叔叔自从大学毕业以来，就一直在电视台工作。because因为，引导原因状语从句；although尽管，引导让步状语从句；if如果，引导条件状语从句；since自从，引导时间状语从句 。根据句中“has worked”为现在完成时，以及“he graduated from university”为一般过去时可知，从大学毕业这个时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作，存在时间上的先后关系，since符合语境，且since是现在完成时的标志词，故选D。23. Mum has been working in this school since she ________ from university in 2000.A. graduatesB. has graduatedC. had graduatedD. graduated【答案】D【解析】句意：妈妈自从2000年大学毕业后就一直在这所学校工作。根据“since she ... from university in 2000”可知，since引导的时间状语从句时态用一般过去时，动词应用过去式，故选D。24. In China, hotpot has a history of over 1,000 years. It first ________ in the Mongolia area, and then became popular in the southern part of China.A. has appearedB. appearsC. will appearD. appeared【答案】D【解析】句意：在中国，火锅已有1000多年的历史。它首先出现在蒙古地区，然后在中国南方流行起来。根据“It first...in the Mongolia area”可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选D。25. She ________ to learn English songs for half a year. Now she can sing many English songs well.A. learnsB. learnedC. has learnedD. will learn【答案】C【解析】句意：她学习英语歌曲已经半年了。现在她能把很多英语歌曲唱得很好。根据时间状语“for half a year”(表示持续一段时间)和现在的结果“Now she can sing”，可知动作从过去开始并持续到现在，强调对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，其结构为has/have done。故选C。26. How long ________ Mr. White ________ a member of Greener China since he ________ to China?A. have, joined, comesB. have, been, has comeC. has, joined, has comeD. has, been, came【答案】D【解析】句意：自从怀特先生来到中国以来，他成为绿色中国的成员多久了？join参加，非延续性动词；be成为，延续性动词。根据“since”可知，since引导时间状语从句，其前为主句。通常这时主句应用现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has+done”，且由“how long”询问时间段可知，此处谓语动词应用延续性动词；而从句应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用其过去式，故选D。 (本题只要知道第三空用一般过去时，就能搞定答案)27. Since it was fixed last year, the lightning rod ________ the building from lightning strikes at least three times.A. protectsB. protectedC. has protectedD. had protected【答案】C【解析】句意：自从去年被修复以来，这个避雷针已经保护这座建筑免受雷击至少三次了。protects保护，一般现在时；protected保护，一般过去时；has protected已经保护了，现在完成时；had protected已经保护了，过去完成时。根据“Since it was fixed last year”可知，since引导的时间状语从句表示从过去某时开始持续到现在的动作，主句常用现在完成时，强调对现在的影响或结果，故选C。28. Susan ________ many Chinese characters since she came to China.A. learnsB. has learnedC. is learningD. learned【答案】B【解析】句意：自从苏珊来到中国以来，她已经学会了许多汉字。learns学习，动词三单；has learned已经学会，现在完成时；is learning正在学习，现在进行时；learned学习，过去式。根据“since she came to China”可知，此处应用现在完成时，故选B。29. Over the past three years, you ________ your abilities and become a better yourself.A. developB. will developC. have developedD. are developing【答案】C【解析】句意：在过去的三年里，你已经提升了自己的能力，成为了更好的自己。 develop是一般现在时；will develop是一般将来时；have developed是现在完成时；are developing是现在进行时。根据“Over the past three years”，可知这是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，所以此处应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has +过去分词”，故选C。 30. —Did you buy the bike for 2,000 yuan?—Yes, I’ve ________ it ________ about two years.A. had, forB. bought, beforeC. had, beforeD. bought, for【答案】A【解析】句意：“你花了2000元买这辆自行车吗？”“是的，我已经买了两年了。”have拥有，延续性动词；buy买，非延续性动词；for (用来表示时间或距离)达，计；before 在……之前。结合语境及“I’ve … about two years”可知，该句应用现在完成时，其结构为“have done”，应将非延续性动词“buy”转换成延续性动词“have”，其对应的过去分词形式为had。“about two years”表示一段时间，用介词for搭配，故选A。二、用所给动词的过去式或过去分词填空(每题0.5分，满分15分)1. The farmer has ________(shoot)at the wolf to protect his sheep from being attacked.【答案】shot【句意】为了保护羊群不被袭击，农夫已经向狼开枪了。2. It’s early in the morning and the alarm clock has already ________(ring)several times. 【答案】rung【句意】一大早，闹钟已经响了好几次了。3.  She’s entered many singing competitions and have ________(sing) several times in front of people. 【答案】sung【句意】她参加过许多歌唱比赛，还曾多次在众人面前演唱。4. —Have you ever ________(eat)wild mushrooms(野生蘑菇)yet?—No, it’s my first time to try them.【答案】eaten【句意】“你以前吃过野生蘑菇吗？”“没有，这是我第一次尝试。”5. She has never ________(beat)her best friend at table tennis.【答案】beaten【句意】她打乒乓球从未赢过她最好的朋友。 6. My mom has ________(hang)the wet clothes outside to dry for an hour.【答案】hung【句意】妈妈已经把湿衣服挂在外面晾了一个小时了。7. Everyone has ________(bring)his dictionary to class, except me, because I left mine at home.【答案】brought【句意】每个人都把字典带到了课堂上，除了我，因为我把我的字典落在家里了。8. The electric fan has ________(blow)away the terrible smell in the hall, hasn’t it?【答案】blown【句意】电扇把大厅里的难闻气味吹走了，不是吗?9. She was ill for a long time. To our surprise, she has ________(catch)up with others without any help.【答案】caught【句意】她病了很长时间。令我们惊讶的是，她在没有任何帮助的情况下就赶上了别人。10. I hear the teacher has ________(choose)five of us as volunteers.You are included, right?【答案】chosen【句意】我听说我们老师已经选了我们当中的五人做志愿者。包括你在内，对吧？11. The picture you’ve ________(draw)is not good enough. Please draw a new one.【答案】drawn【句意】你画的这幅画不够好。请画一张新的。12. —Is that black car over there your uncle’s?  —No, it can’t be his. He has ________(drive)to Jilin to have a meeting.【答案】driven【句意】“那边那辆黑车是你叔叔的吗? ”“不，不可能是他的。他开车去吉林开会了。”13. We should never forget those heroes who ________(fight)and gave their lives for our country.【答案】fought 【句意】我们永远不应该忘记那些为国家战斗和献身的英雄。14. This is the third time you’ve ________(forget)to bring your book. How could you be so forgetful at the age of ten?【答案】forgotten【句意】这是你第三次忘记带书了。十岁的你怎么会这么健忘呢？15. The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water has all ________(freeze)over.【答案】frozen【句意】昨晚气温一定降到了零度以下，因为水全结冰了。16. The teachers advise the students not to depend on their parents all the time because they have ________(grow)up.【答案】grown【句意】老师建议学生不要总是依赖他们的父母，因为他们已经长大了。17. —Where are my toys? —Sorry, I have ________(throw)them away.【答案】thrown【句意】“我的玩具在哪里？”“对不起，我已经把它们扔掉了。”18. Please be quiet! My father is sleeping in the next room. He ________(sleep)only for two hours last night.【答案】slept【句意】请保持安静！我父亲正在隔壁房间里睡觉，他昨晚只睡了两个小时。19. If you interview the famous scientist in the way I have ________(show)to you, you’ll probably finish it a little earlier.【答案】shown【句意】如果你用我向你展示的那种方式采访这位著名科学家，你可能会稍微早点完成采访。20. The sunlight came in through the windows in the roof and ________(light)up the whole room.【答案】lit 【句意】阳光从屋顶的窗户射进来，照亮了整个房间。21. I am still feeling thirsty though I have ________(drink)some water.【答案】drunk【句意】虽然我喝了一些水，但我还是觉得渴。22. —How long have you been learning the piano?—I have ________(fall)in love with it ever since I was five years old.【答案】fallen【句意】“你学钢琴多久了？”“我从五岁起就爱上了它。”23. Tom has ________(ride)his bike to school every day since he was in Grade 6. He thinks it is good for the environment.【答案】ridden【句意】汤姆从六年级开始每天骑自行车上学。他认为这对环境有好处。24. The sun ________(shine)through the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall.【答案】shone【句意】阳光透过窗户照进来，在墙上留下了一道小小的彩虹。25. —He’s never ________(speak)to a foreigner, has he?—Yes. He was abroad for two months.【答案】spoken【句意】“他从来没有跟外国人说过话，是吗？”“不，他说过，他在国外呆了两个月。”26. Jack found it difficult to finish the marathon, but he still ________(stick)to it until the end.【答案】stuck【句意】杰克发现跑完马拉松很困难，但他仍然坚持到最后。27. In winter, the freezing wind ________(sweep)across the floor all night long.【答案】swept【句意】冬天，刺骨的寒风整夜吹过地面。28. —Have you ever ________(swim)across this river?—No, never. It’s too wide and deep.【答案】swum【句意】“你曾经游过这条河吗？”“不，从来没有。它太宽太深了。”29. The government has ________(take)action to reduce air pollution, but many people are still worried about the environment.【答案】taken【句意】政府已经采取行动减少空气污染，但许多人仍然担心环境。30. She has ________(shake)the bottle of juice for 30 seconds to mix it well.【答案】shaken【句意】她已经摇晃果汁瓶 30 秒了，好让它充分混合。