高考英语二轮-动词的时态和语态(思维导图+高频考点+必备知识+模拟新题+押题预测)（学生版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-动词的时态和语态(思维导图+高频考点+必备知识+模拟新题+押题预测)（学生版），共12页。
目录
\l "_Tc192258402" 知识点：动词的时态和语态及主谓一致2
TOC \ "1-1" \h \z \u 【必记核心知识思维导图】冠词核心知识思维导图2
【考情分析】2
\l "_Tc192258402" 高频考点1：动词的时态2
【真题回顾】3
【解题必备】精准解题指导 提高关键能力6
\l "_Tc192258402" 高频考点2：动词的被动语态8
【真题回顾】8
【解题必备】精准解题指导 提高关键能力9
\l "_Tc192258402" 高频考点3：主谓一致10
【真题回顾】11
【解题必备】精准解题指导 提高关键能力11
【模拟新题】精选模拟新题及时跟踪演练11
【押题预测】依据高考的命题思想，结合冠词的重点知识，深度预测高考试题
知识点一：动词的时态和语态及主谓一致
高频考点1、考查动词的时态
一、考查有明确时间状语的时态
1.（2025年1月浙江高考）The cncept 62 (be) certainly nt new — men have been renting gd suits fr decades — but fr female shppers, it is just taking ff. This clthing-as-service mdel fllws the brader scietal mvement twards shared ecnmies.
2.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last tw years, sme supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken r salad in packs designed with tw halves cntaining separate prtins (份).
3.(2023年新高考II卷) As a little girl, I (wish) t be a zkeeper when I grew up. Nw, I’m living ut that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers d their jb in English.
二、考查固定句型中的时态
1.（2022·新课标II卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He lked up and saw Eric hanging frm the balcny.
2. （2021·浙江卷）After Lincln was elected President f the US in 1861, they rented the huse and _________ (sell) mst f their furniture.
三、考查利用平行关系解决时态问题
1. （2021·浙江卷）After Lincln was elected President f the US in 1861, they rented the huse and _________ (sell) mst f their furniture.
2．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)He lked up and saw Eric hanging frm the balcny. He quickly _______(thrw) his tls aside, and started running, arms ut.
四、考查利用语境解决时态问题
1.（2022·浙江卷）When he felt a 3D versin f Lenard da Vinci’s “Mna Lisa” he _________ (ntice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what yu see when yu lk at it,” he said.
2.（2021·浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a persn’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI f between 19 and 25 _________ (cnsider) healthy.
常考时态的用法
1. 一般现在时
(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
(2)表示自然现象、客观事实或普遍真理。
(3)表示现有的性质、能力或状态。
(4)表示按计划安排好了将要发生的动作，这种情况仅限于少数有“开始”或“移动”意义的词，例如cme, g, leave, start, arrive, begin, meet, fall, clse, pen, end, stp, return, take ff等。
The party begins at 7 ’clck.
(5)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。
If I have enugh time, I’ll travel arund the wrld.
2. 现在进行时
(1)表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
(2)cme, g, leave, d, send, take ff, sail, arrive, return等表示方位移动的短暂性动词常用进行时表将来。
We are ging hiking this Sunday.
(3)与always, ften, all the time, cnstantly, cntinuusly, frever等连用表示频繁反复发生的动作或状态，常含有批评、抱怨、不满或赞扬等感情色彩，但并非强调动作正在进行。
He is always getting angry with me.
3. 现在完成时
(1)表示过去的动作现已结束，但对现在产生影响，常带有already, just, ever, never等副词。
He has already btained a schlarship.
(2)表示动作或状态从过去开始，一直持续到现在。此时，通常用延续性动词，并常与表示一段时间的状语连用，例如fr ten minutes, since 1980, in recent years, s far。
The film has been n fr half an hur.
(3)表示到目前为止的一段时间内，第……次做某事。
It’s the third time that I’ve seen the film.
4. 现在完成进行时
(1)发生在过去的动作或状态，持续到现在或将继续下去，可以译成“一直”。现在完成时侧重持续或影响到现在，不强调将来的延续。
I have been cleaning the huse all the afternn.
(2)到目前为止，多次重复发生的动作或状态。
I have been telephning him several times this mrning.
5. 一般将来时
(1)表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
The ftball game will begin sn.
(2)表示事物固有的属性或必然趋势。
Fish will die withut water.
(3)表示临时的决定。
— We dn’t have any milk in ur fridge.
— I’ll g and buy sme.
(4)其他表示将来的结构
① be ging t d表示主观打算或有迹象将要发生某事。
Lk at the cluds in the sky. It is ging t rain.
② be＋t d表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作，还可表示命令或注定要发生的事。
There is t be an English exam next Mnday.
③ be abut t d表示正要去做某事，但不与表将来的时间状语连用。
I am abut t g shpping.
注意：if条件句中一般不用将来时，如果使用will，其意义为“愿意”。
If yu will give her anther chance, she will surprise yu.
6. 过去将来时
表示对过去某一时刻而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
He said he wuld cme t ur schl.
7. 一般过去时
(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。
I bught a new bike last week.
(2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
He ften watched TV at night.
8. 过去进行时
(1)表示过去某段时间里或某一时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
He slipped ut f the classrm when the teacher was nt nticing him.
(2)表示过去频繁发生的动作或习惯，常与always等副词连用。
Mrs. Black was always having dinner with her ld parents.
9. 过去完成时
(1)表示过去某时间或某动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。
When I came back, he had eaten all the sweets.
(2)在hardly/scarcely... when, n sner... than, It was the first/secnd... time (that)... 等句型中。
We had hardly/scarcely left the huse when it began t rain.
N sner had we left the huse than it began t rain.
It was the third time he had been ut f wrk that year.
(3)表希望、想法、打算、意图的动词用过去完成时，表示未曾实现的愿望，意为“本打算……，本希望……”。这类动词有mean, intend, expect, hpe, want, plan, think, suppse等。
They had wanted t help but culd nt get there in time.
高频考点2、考查动词的被动语态
1.(2024·九省联考卷）Funtain pens __________ (use) in schls lng ag and have been regaining ppularity lately because they are refillable.
2.（2024全国甲卷）What shuld (d) with such a beautiful place? They wndered ut lud.
3.（2023全国甲卷）Carsn prves that a simple lyric frm that has been passed dwn thrugh the ages can still ______________ (emply) tday t draw attentin t imprtant truths.
确定谓语动词语态的关键是弄明白所给动词与其对应的主语之间的逻辑关系。如果所给动词的主语是动作的执行者，则用主动语态；若所给动词的主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态。
1．“一定”辨明主语、谓语和时态。
2．牢记常考时态的被动语态结构，一般时态中be dne＝get/becme dne; 牢记主动表被动含义的常见结构，如“用作不及物意义的动词＋副词”。
常考的几种时态的被动语态：(带★号为常考语态)
①★一般现在时：am/is/are dne；
②★一般过去时：was/were dne；
③一般将来时：will be dne；
④过去将来时：wuld be dne；
⑤现在进行时：am/is/are being dne；
⑥过去进行时：was/were being dne；
⑦★现在完成时：has/have been dne；
⑧过去完成时：had been dne。
3．牢记含有情态动词的被动语态形式：情态动词＋be dne。
被动语态易错考点
（1）不能用被动语态的特殊动词
①系动词类(lk，seem，feel，taste，sund，prve，appear等)。
②表示主语特征的词(read，wash，write，sell，wear，lck等)，常与nt，hardly，well，easily，badly，nicely等副词连用。
This kind f clth washes easily.
这种布料容易洗。
（2）get构成的表示被动的短语
此类短语主要有get paid/lst/hurt等。
We get paid every week.我们按周获得薪酬。
（3）主动形式表示被动意义
①在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词；wrth等形容词的后面，动名词主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
The huse needs repairing/t be repaired.
这房子需要修理。
②在某些“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”中不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，imprtant，impssible，pleasant，interesting等。
The prblem is difficult t wrk ut.
这道题很难计算出。
高频考点3、考查主谓一致
1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that 58._________(be) previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity t increase effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
2．(湖南长郡中学模拟)Reading articles and shrt psts__________(play) an imprtant rle in integrating knwledge and achievements.
3．(漳州市第二次质量检测)What _________(make) peple mved is nt the film itself but the heres f the war years.
“主谓一致”三原则(带★号为重要考点)
模拟新题
时间：10分钟 满分：16分 得分：_______
1.（2025·浙江省金丽衢十二校高三二模）As we welcme the Year f the Snake in the Chinese lunar calendar, it is a time t reflect n the qualities that this ancient zdiac sign embdies. The Snake, the sixth animal in the 12-year cycle f the Chinese zdiac, 36 (assciate) with wisdm, intuitin, and transfrmatin ver histry.
2.（2025·河南驻马店月考）The cncept (center) n the idea f “new Chinese-style herbs” and the TCM principle that “fd and medicine share the same rigin”.
3.（2025·广东联考）Arching acrss the brders f nrthern China and suthern Mnglia, the remte and rugged landscapes f the Gbi Desert (capture) the imaginatin f adventurers, explrers, scientists, and artists since the age f Marc Pl.
4.（2025·河北联考）Over the decades, it (grw) t becme a cultural hub (枢纽) that is central t the city’s identity.
5.（2025·江苏月考）Deputy Mayr f Waipa District Cuncil, Liz Stlwyk nted that this was the third time that Waipa peple (attend) bth exhibitins.
6.（2025·江西南昌联考）Chinese hit vide game Black Myth: Wukng (take) the gaming wrld by strm, selling mre than 10 millin cpies acrss all platfrms ver just the past three days after its release.
7.（2025·湖南长沙统考）In that century and much f the 20th century, the immigrants largely (flw) frm China’s suth-east regins, mainly Guangdng prvince.
8.（2025·江苏南通期中）Thrughut centuries f histry, the Grand Canal has nurtured abundant twns and villages alng its path. Many an ancient twn, preserved thrugh the ages thanks t their clse relatinship with the canal, (stand) as the finest witnesses f civilizatin.
9.（2025·河南统考）Cultural reputatin and saring srghum csts (see) Mutai prices skyrcket ver the past few years.
10.（2025·江苏扬州模拟测试）The remarkable develpment f this city, which is cnsciusly designed t prtect the past while stepping int the mdern wrld, (mean) there is always smething new t discver here, and I culd be phtgraphing Beijing fr the next 50 years.
11.（2025·安徽省蚌埠市第二次质检）Vides f the electrifying perfrmance sn flded scial media, and the amazed netizens called the grup “the mst dedicated dance crew” and 39 (speak) highly f the perfect cmbinatin f cultural heritage and futuristic technlgy.
12.（2025·安徽省九师联盟模拟预测）A print editin f the Shiji (Recrds f the Grand Histrian), which 41 (publish) in 1171, is ne such example. Written in the 1st century BC by Sima Qian, it’s a fundatin text f Chinese histry.
13.（2025·河北省部分高中综合素质评价）First, few market stalls (摊位) sell fresh fruit, as it 39 (sur) quickly in the trpical heat, s keeping the fruit fresh has already been energy-cnsuming. Then, the fruit’s brwn shell has t be painstakingly peeled ff t reveal its glistening, milky white flesh.
14.（2025·湖北省部分高中协作体高三一模）Kites, which were invented ver 2,000 years ag in China 37 (believe) t be the earliest flying bjects created by humans.
15.（2025·辽宁省大连市三校联考高三模拟）Lately, develped by a grup f talented Chinese researchers, DeepSeek, a Chinese-made AI, 36 (burst) int the glbal sptlight, with the aim f advancing artificial intelligence technlgy.
16.（2025·江苏泰州期中）The ancient city walls and histrical sites in Nanjing stand as witnesses t the passage f time. Suzhu, anther famus city in Jiangsu, is knwn fr its beautiful classical gardens, which are like jewels that (craft) carefully ver centuries.
时间：10分钟 满分：15分 得分：_______
1．Yesterday large amunts f hney and butter (be) used t make this kind f snack.
2．The sky was clear when we headed ff, but strms mved in fast in the muntains, and this ne quickly (interrupt) ur peaceful mrning trip.
3．This was the srt f wrk that made yu appreciate the dllars yu (earn) and respect thse wh did the wrk, he tld me.
4．Nt nly we frget t turn ff the light in the kitchen, but we als failed t lck the frnt dr.
5．Thugh nt knwn t use tls in the wild, the birds (prve) skilful at tl use while kept in the cage.
6．As far as I knw, it (be) three years since we were reunited with each ther last time.
7．In the past decades, China’s transprt (achieve) significantly s that Chinese peple have access t varius ways f traveling.
8．I (participate) in a vlunteer prgramme, visiting elderly peple in my area fr the last three years.
9．Nt nly are tea-­related custms fund acrss the cuntry, but als they (influence) the rest f the wrld since ancient times thrugh the ancient Silk Rad and trade rutes.
10．I (intend) t g uting yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitr.
11．Even thugh we (lse) a lt, mments like thse gave us hpe fr the future.
12．By the end f he was 14 years ld, he (learn) advanced mathematics by himself.
13．The rising sun (clur) the sky bright red when we climbed nt the tp f the muntain.
14．What excites the rganizing cmmittee is that the Peny Pavilin (attract) a grwing yung audience since its premiere in Beijing.
15．Jasmine Flwer is a ppular Chinese sng which (date) frm the 18th century.
根据明确的时间状语判断动词的时态
1. 与一般过去时连用的常用时间状语
①yesterday、the day befre yesterday、yesterday mrning/afternn/evening……
② last Friday、last week、last mnth、last summer、last year……
③ten minutes ag、five hurs ag、tw weeks ag、three years ag……
④the ther day、just nw……
⑤in+过去时间---in 1976、in 2016、in the 19th century……
⑥隐形时间要注意：previusly先前的
2.与现在完成时连用的常用时间状语
①befre、already、just、never、ever、yet、lately、recently……
②hw lng、since+过去时间点、fr+一段时间……
③in the past five days，ver the last few years…
④s far, up t/till nw, t date
⑤It is the first time that…; the best/mst +名词+that…
3.与一般现在时连用的常用时间状语
nw, tday, nwadays, every year, usually等
3.与一般将来时连用的常用时间状语
next year, in the future, sn, tmrrw等
4.与进行时连用的常用时间状语
nw, at present, at this mment等
5.与过去完成时连用的常用时间状语
by then, by the end f ..., when/befre/after引导的从句等
常考动词的时态的相关句式(带★号为常考句式)
①★was/were ding... when...＋一般过去时
②was/were abut t d... when...＋一般过去时
③★it is the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋现在完成时
④★it was the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋过去完成时
⑤N sner had＋主语＋dne... than＋一般过去时
⑥Hardly/Scarcely had＋主语＋dne... when＋一般过去时
⑦It will be＋时间段＋befre＋一般现在时
常考的平行关系词有：
考查动词时态的题目有时可以根据句子或谓语动词之间的平行关系词“and, but, r, rather than, neither... nr..., nt nly... but als...”等前后的谓语动词的时态必须一致来确定时态。
在时间状语、平行关系和常用句式等都不明显的情况下，还可以根据上下文语境暗示做出恰当的时态判断。
项目
主语
谓语动词
★语法
一致
不可数名词、单数可数名词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式、主语从句、the number f＋复数可数名词
单数
复数可数名词，and连接的两个名词，a number f＋复数可数名词
复数
(tgether) with, as well as, but, except, alng with, rather than, in additin t, including等连接的主语
与前面主语一致
意义
一致
“the＋形容词”表示抽象概念；强调整体的集合名词
单数
“the＋形容词”表示一类人或物；强调个体的集合名词
复数
就近
一致
neither... nr..., either... r..., nt nly... but als..., nt... but...等连接的主语；“here/there＋谓语＋主语”结构中的主语不止一个时
与邻近主语一致