高考英语二轮讲义-阅读理解细节理解题（解析版）- （天津专用）

这是一份高考英语二轮讲义-阅读理解细节理解题（解析版）- （天津专用），共30页。学案主要包含了题型诠释，答案与解析，高考真题，最新模拟等内容，欢迎下载使用。

高考阅读理解选材来源广泛，多源于国外英文图书、报刊、网络媒体，语言地道纯正，具有鲜明的语言文化特点。体裁包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等，涉及科普、社会、文化、地理、历史、政治、经济、人文、日常生活等领域。命题主要考查细节理解、主旨大意、词义猜测及推理判断。
高考试题的设计是有特定的难易比例，在选拔作用的指导下拔尖的同时，也要照顾到不同层次的学生，况且高考对中学的英语教学还有不可避免的反拨作用。如果难度大的题目过多，则不利于大部分考生的真实水平发挥，所以每年都保留一定比例的表层次试题，而对表层次考查主要是以细节理解的形式体现出来的。主要考查重点有：1）文中时间、地点、人物、事件；2）议论文中的例证；3）数字，如时间、年龄、金额、数量等；4）原因或结果；5）定义；6）范畴等。多以事实判断、wh-问句、计算、排序、识图等命题方式出现。
题型01 事实认定类
【题型诠释】
一般包括直接理解题和间接理解题。前者在原文中可直接找到答案，常用wh, what, which, when, where, why和hw等提问, 或是判断正误；后者需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。
主要设题形式：
What can we learn abut Bath frm the passage?
Hw many Asian cuntries des the speaker refer t when he talks abut the film bks?
Why did the tw men never talk abut climbing when they first met?
The writer acted upn the stre rules because .
Hw des tbacc prtect itself against an attack frm a caterpillar?
All the fllwing are true/right/ false/wrng except…?
All the fllwing are mentined except…
Which f the fllwing is true//right/ false/wrng (abut…)?
1. 运用略读和寻读相结合的方法，把选项与原句进行比较。要考虑是否符合文章意思，程度上是否符合，是否太绝对。也可以用排除法。
2. 注意同一句意的不同表达方式。有时为了增加题的难度，问题的表达常不采用文章中的原话提问，而是使用采用同义词变换、句型变换等手段来表达文章的有关细节。因此，在选择答案前应首先看准题干，弄清问题所在。
3. 关注文中以作为细节理解题出题的地方。通常有：时间、地点、事件；转折处和对比处；最高级和绝对性词汇；因果句；破折号、括号、冒号表示解释等特殊标点处。
【典例】
[1] Mark and his brther Jasn bth were lking at the shining new cmputer enviusly. Jasn was determined nt t g against their father’s wishes but Mark was mre adventurus than his brther. He lved experimenting and his aim was t becme a scientist like his father.
[2] “Dad will be really mad if he finds ut yu’ve been playing with his new cmputer.” Jasn said, “He tld us nt t tuch it.”
[3] “He wn’t find ut.” Mark said, “I’ll just have a quick lk and shut it dwn.”
[4] Mark had been sclded befre fr tuching his father’s equipment. But his curisity was difficult t cntrl and this new cmputer really puzzled him.
[5] “It was a strange-lking machine –ne his dad had brught hme frm the labratry where he wrked. “It’s an experimental mdel,” his father had explained, “s dn’t tuch it under any circumstances.” But his warning nly served t make Mark mre curius. Withut any further thught, Mark turned n the pwer switch. The cmputer burst int life and secnds later, the screen turned int clrs, shifting and changing and then tw big white wrds appeared in the center f the screen: “SPACE TRANSPORTER.”
[6] “Yes!” Mark cried excitedly, “It’s a cmputer game. I knew it! Dad’s nly been pretending t wrk. He’s really been playing games instead.” A new message appeared n the screen:
[7] “ENTER NAMES
[8] VOYAGER 1: …
[9] VOYAGER 2: …”
[10] Mark’s fingers flew acrss the keybard as he typed in bth f their names.
[11] “INPUT ACCEPTED. START TRANSPORT PROGRAM. AUTO-RETRIEVE INITIATED（自动回收程序已启动）.”
[12] The screen turned even brighter and a nise suddenly rse in vlume.
[13] “I think we’d better shut it ff, Mark,” Jasn yelled, reaching fr the pwer switch. He was really frightened.
[14] But his hand never reached the switch. A single beam f dazzling white light burst ut f the cmputer screen, wrapping the bys in its glw (光芒), until they themselves seemed t be glwing. Then it died dwn just as suddenly as it had burst int life. And the bys were n lnger there. On the screen, the letters changed.
[15] “TRANSPORT SUCCESSFUL. DESTINATION: MARS. RETRIEVE DATE: 2025.”
1．Why did Mark tuch the cmputer against his father’s warning?
A．He wanted t take a vyage. B．He wanted t practice his skill
C．He was s much attracted by it. D．He was eager t d an experiment.
2．Mark thught “SPACE TRANSPORTER” n the screen was the name f .
A．a cmputer game B．a cmpany website
C．a sftware prducer D．an astrnmy prgram
3．Why did Jasn want t shut ff the cmputer?
A．He was afraid f being sclded.
B．He didn’t like the lud nise and light.
C．He didn’t want t play games any mre.
D．He was afraid smething dangerus might happen.
4．What happened t the bys at the end f the stry?
A．They were blwn int the air. B．They were sent t anther planet.
C．They were hidden in the strng light. D．They were carried away t anther cuntry
【答案与解析】
1. C。细节事实认定题。本题是间接理解题，读题知道问的是“马克不顾父亲的警告碰电脑的原因”，根据第四段“Mark had been sclded befre fr tuching his father’s equipment. But his curisity was difficult t cntrl and this new cmputer really puzzled him.”知道马克的克制不住自己的好奇心，而且父亲的新电脑真的让他迷惑不解，与C项“他被父亲的电脑深深的吸引了”吻合。
2. A。细节事实认定题。本题是直接理解题，根据第六段的“He’s really been playing games instead.”可以直接得出A正确，马克认定它是一款电脑游戏的名称。
3. D。细节事实认定题。本题是直接理解题，根据倒数第三段的““I think we’d better shut it ff, Mark,” Jasn yelled, reaching fr the pwer switch. He was really frightened.”
4. B。细节事实认定题。本题是直接理解题，根据最后一段“DESTINATION: MARS. RETRIEVE DATE: 2025.”可知，这两个孩子被送到火星上去了，DESTINATION（目的地）就是关键词。
题型02 排列顺序类
【题型诠释】
这种试题要求考生根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。常见的设题形式有：
Which f the fllwing is the crrect rder f shpping with cmputerized shpping carts?
Which wrd can be used t cmplete the fllwing prcess f changes?
Which f the fllwing shws the path f the signals described in Paragraph 5?
Which f the fllwing is the crrect rder t describe Fitzgerald’s life accrding t the passage?
做这种题时可采用“首尾定位法”，即最先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。从文体上看主要出现在记叙文和说明文中。
【典例】
[1] Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching fr ways t link the brain with cmputers. Brain-cmputer interface (BCI) technlgy culd help peple with disabilities send cmmands t machines.
[2] … [3]… [4]……
[5] The researchers designed a special cap fr the user. This head cver picks up the signals frm the scalp(头皮) and sends them t a cmputer. The cmputer interprets the signals and cmmands the mtrized wheelchair. The wheelchair als has tw cameras that identify bjects in its path. They help the cmputer react t cmmands frm the brain.
[6] [7] …
1. Which f the fllwing shws the path f the signals described in Paragraph 5?
A. scalp →cmputer →cap →wheelchair B. cmputer →cap →scalp →wheelchair
C. scalp →cap →cmputer →wheelchair D. cap →cmputer →scalp →wheelchair
【答案与解析】
1.C。排列顺序题。根据第五段的描述“This head cver picks up the signals frm the scalp(头皮) and sends them t a cmputer.”知道This head cver指的就是a special cap，它接收来自于头皮的信号，然后再把信号发送给计算机。由此可以看出信号传递的路径是先从头皮发出，排除B和D。接下来由帽子接收后传递给计算机，最后通过计算机解读信号，并且把指令发给自动化轮椅。故选C。
题型03 图文匹配类
【题型诠释】
在有图表图画的阅读理解中，有的图表图画出现在阅读理解正文中，比如地图、气象图、表示所占百分比的柱状图等；有的出现在选项中，供选择使用。这些图片的出现增加了试题的直观性，同时也暗含着和文章内容相关的信息。通常在被选项中给出四幅图，要求考生根据阅读材料中的叙述选出最佳答案，要求考生要有观察能力和理解判断能力。
常见的设题形式有：
Which …（n the map）lies in/n/t the suth/ nrth/ west/ east f …?
T mve the ball dwn the field, players must be like .
Which f the fllwing is mst likely t be …?
Which f the fllwing pictures indicates …?
Which f the fur pictures belw is the clsest t the… as described in the text?
Which f the fllwing pictures shws the huse fr the Irquis Indians？
采用“对号入座”的办法。即带着问题找句子，先看文章后面的问题，注意记忆关键的词语，如。人物、时间、事件等，确定每道题目的发问中心，也就是说，某个问题是针对什么提问的。这样我们就可以带着问题去阅读文章，做到有的放矢。把每个问题的发问中心反馈到原文中去。当读到有关解答发问中心的信息时，可在有关信息下面画一直线以示突出。如果问题的顺序没有按顺序给出，可以在原文信息下画线的同时，把问题的题号也标出来，便于最后检查，并节约时间。在原文中找出对发问中心的解答信息后， 可把原文信息放到问题中去，与每一选项进行对照，与原文信息相符的那项，即是正确的答案。
【典例】
What brings a natin tgether? Of the fur chices — shared values, language, histry, and religin, it’s shared values. In ur latest pll (民意调査), seven ut f 16 cuntries chse values as the greatest factr (因索）bringing a natin tgether, and six preferred language. Bth chices scred high in the pll, suggesting that ur values and hw we express them are clsely linked. Still, histry was nt frgtten in sme cuntries, particularly in Mexic and Russia. Even Canada and the United States chse natinal histries as the secnd-mst imprtant factr uniting their peple. The biggest surprise? Nt ne cuntry picked religin as its tp chice.
….
1. Accrding t the charts, shared values and language were cnsidered equally imprtant in .
A. Australia B. Brazil C. China D. India
【答案与解析】
1.D。图文信息理解题。题干要求根据图表找出在哪个国家把共同价值观和共同语言看的同等重要，从文中的柱状图表上看出在印度人认为共同价值观和共同语言同等重要，都是32%。故选D。
【高考真题】
（2023·天津·统考高考真题）One freezing mrning last February, I walked thrugh Ontari Place. Trees were frsted sculptures. Large chunks f ice flated in the lake. Then I saw a grup f peple in bathing suits buncing up and dwn in the water. They held hands, shuting and yelling int the sky. They lked and sunded s free.
I’ve always fund cld water thrilling. The shck f it is like pressing a switch. It seems t reset my bdy and sul.
And last winter, I definitely needed a reset. I wke up mst mrnings with a dull, grey feeling as I frced myself ut f bed t start the day. I needed smething t cheer myself up, but I didn’t knw what, until that day.
The ice warrirs (勇士) emerged frm the lake, their skin steaming. Trembling, they were yet laughing and hugging each ther. I called ut: “Yu guys are awesme!” One wman waved back, “Cme and jin us! We’ re here every Mnday mrning.”
The night befre my first dip (游泳), I was excited and nervus. Cld water was ne thing, but this icy lake was a whle ther level. Shuld I back ut? Eventually, I gt up in the dark and drve t the meeting spt.
After sme wild warm up, I charged int the lake alng with thers. We yelled int the sky. Teeth chattering heart rates slwing, fingers and tes ging numb (麻木), we stayed there fr smewhere between tw and five minutes. Knwing it was my first time, peple cheered me n. It felt amazing. I was stupid with cld, but I culdn’t remember the last time I’d felt s happy.
Nw I g dipping almst every day, and I’ve cme t lng fr that mment when the cld becmes a secnd skin and my internal vice ges silent. Apart frm the thrill f thse first heart-stpping dives, which, irnically, saved me frm ging under, what has drawn me is this cmmunity f generus, pen-hearted suls.
We laughed tgether, ften, but frm the stries we’ve shared abut urselves, I knw I’m nt the nly ne wh faces life’s challenges. Hlding hands in the freezing lake, we lked ut fr each ther last winter and will d s thrugh this ne.
It wn’t fix everything in ur lives—but fr sme reasn, it helps. At the end f each sessin I return hme feeling strnger, lighter, mre able t carry n. As anther winter sets in, I’m mre than ready t embrace the cld again.
2．Why did the authr think f jining the swimmers?
A．T expand her scial circle.B．T lift her spirits again.
C．T adapt t the cld weather.D．T prepare fr a new career
3．What can be learnt abut the authr’s first dipping?
A．She hesitated a bit befre ging.
B．She suffered frm a heart prblem.
C．She stayed in cld water t lng.
D．She regretted nt ding enugh warm up.
4．What change has cld water swimming brught abut in the authr?
A．She is mre intelligent.
B．She gets mre cmpetitive.
C．She becmes a better stryteller.
D．She regains her inner peace.
【答案】 2．B 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文是记叙文。这篇文章讲述了作者在冰冷的湖中潜泳的经历，并且分享了参与这个活动的人们所带来的快乐和支持。通过这个经历，作者能够重新调整和振作起来，带着更强大的力量面对生活中的挑战。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“And last winter, I definitely needed a reset. I wke up mst mrnings with a dull, grey feeling as I frced myself ut f bed t start the day. I needed smething t cheer myself up, but I didn’t knw what, until that day. (去年冬天，我确实需要重新调整一下。大多数早晨，当我强迫自己下床开始新的一天时，我都是带着一种沉闷、灰暗的感觉醒来的。我需要一些东西让自己振作起来，但我不知道是什么，直到那天。)”可知，作者去年冬天，整个人很沮丧，需要一些东西让自己振作起来，所以想加入游泳。故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段“The night befre my first dip (游泳), I was excited and nervus. Cld water was ne thing, but this icy lake was a whle ther level. Shuld I back ut? Eventually, I gt up in the dark and drve t the meeting spt. (第一次泡澡的前一天晚上，我既兴奋又紧张。冷水是一回事，但这个冰湖完全是另一回事。我应该退出吗?最后，我在黑暗中起床，驱车前往会面地点。)”可知，作者第一次尝试冬泳前，她犹豫了一下。故选A项。
4．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Nw I g dipping almst every day, and I’ve cme t lng fr that mment when the cld becmes a secnd skin and my internal vice ges silent. (现在我几乎每天都去游泳，我已经开始渴望那一刻，当寒冷成为我的第二层皮肤，我内心的声音安静下来。)”可知，冷水游泳使作者恢复了内心的平静。故选D项。
（2023·天津·统考高考真题）I lked thrugh the windw f the charming little vilin shp, and my heart began t race.
I'd been ut t dinner that evening. Since it wasn't dark yet after the meal, I decided t walk hme frm the restaurant. I had traveled that way befre, yet I had never nticed that ld little shp. But that night I felt drawn t the vilin shp the mment I came acrss it.
I wiped the dirt frm the windw t get a better lk inside. Several vilins hung frm the dark walls, quietly waiting t be chsen. As my eyes rested n them, I felt as thugh I were lking thrugh a windw int my wn past.
My childhd was all abut the pursuits I had attempted, mst f which had been chsen by Mm. She was like, “Jin the swim team, Tara. Yur sister is a gd swimmer;surely yu will be, t. ”What she refused t acknwledge, hwever, was that I was visibly afraid f water.
Every Saturday I begged Mm nt t make me g t the swim meet, but had little chance f success. That said, with a bang f the starting gun, I wuld dive int the cld water with all my strength and swim t the ther side f the pl as fast as I culd, nly t find that the ther swimmers slid past me. I wuld have given it up if I had nt heard my father's encuraging shuts t cheer me n. When at last my hand wuld grab the edge f the pl, he wuld always be there with a warm, dry twel, telling me hw prud he was f my desperate effrts.
Then came a turning pint in my life the day ur schl rchestra( 管弦乐队)visited my class, and gave a demnstratin. The drums annyed me. The flutes(笛子)bred me. But the vilin…ah, the vilin. It made the sweetest sund I'd ever heard!My heart was dancing alng with its flwing tune. Fr the first time in my life, I went s wild with jy.
Tightly hlding the permissin slip frm the rchestra directr, I ran all the way hme after schl, and shakily handed it t my parents with a fear that they might dismiss my desire. They didn't. Mm was thrilled t see me finally excited abut smething, and Dad winked(眨眼示意)at me while eagerly signing the slip.
I began practicing the vilin with great passin, and rse quickly in ability. Befre lng I had wn the first seat in the cmmunity rchestra …
6．What did the sight f the vilins in that little shp bring t Tara's mind?
A．Her miserable past.
B．An unfrgettable sprt event.
C．The stries behind the vilins.
D．Her childhd memry.
8．What fascinated Tara during her schl rchestra's demnstratin?
A．The tune f the flutes.
B．The beat f the drums.
C．The sund f the vilin.
D．The manner f the musicians.
9．What enabled Tara t win the first seat in the cmmunity rchestra?
A．The steady imprvement in her taste.
B．Her strng desire fr success.
C．Her natural gift fr music.
D．The rapid prgress in her ability.
【答案】6．D 8．C 9．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者路过橱窗时，看到一把迷人的小提琴深受吸引。在游泳比赛屡次落后的情形下，我观看了学校管弦乐队举办的演奏会。在得到父母的许可下，我充满激情地练习小提琴最终成为了社区管弦乐团的首席。
6．细节理解题。由文章第三段最后一行“As my eyes rested n them, I felt as thugh I were lking thrugh a windw int my wn past. ”(当我的目光停留在他们身上时，我觉得自己好像在透过窗户回顾自己的过去。)和第四段第一行“My childhd was all abut the pursuits I had attempted, mst f which had been chsen by Mm. ”(我的童年都是我尝试追求过的爱好，其中大部分都是妈妈选择的。)可知，透过商店的小提琴作者回想起了童年。故选D项。
8．细节理解题。由文章第六段最后两句“But the vilin…ah, the vilin. It made the sweetest sund I'd ever heard!My heart was dancing alng with its flwing tune. Fr the first time in my life, I went s wild with jy. ”( 但是小提琴…啊，小提琴。它发出了我听过的最甜美的声音！我的心随着它流动的曲调翩翩起舞。我有生以来第一次欣喜若狂。)可知是小提琴的声音令作者痴迷。故选C项。
9．细节理解题。由文章第八段第一句“I began practicing the vilin with great passin, and rse quickly in ability.”(我怀着极大的热情开始练习小提琴，并且能力迅速提升。 )可知，作者进步飞速，所以才成为首席。故选D项。
（2022·天津·高考真题）I’m an 18-year-ld pre-medical student, tall and gd-lking, with tw shrt stry bks and quite a number f essays t my credit. Why am I singing such praises f myself? Just t explain that the attainment f self-pride cmes frm a great deal f self-lve, and t attain it, ne must first learn t accept neself as ne is. That was where my struggle began.
Brn and raised in Africa，I had always taken my African rigin as burden. My self-dislike was further fueled when my family had t relcate t Nrway, where I attended a high schl. Cmpared t all the white girls arund me, with their glden hair and delicate lips, I ,a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nse ften had a thin sheet f sweat n it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted t bury myself in my shell crying “I’m s different!”
What als cntributed t my self-dislike was my ccasinal stuttering (口吃), which had weakened my self-cnfidence. It always std between me and any fine pprtunity. I’d taken it as an excuse t avid any public speaking sessins, and unknwingly let it rule ver me.
Frtunately, as I grew lder, there came a turning pint. One day a white girl caught my eye n the schl bus when she suddenly turned back. T my astnishment, she had a thin sheet f sweat n her nse t, and it was in Nvember! “Ww,” I whispered t myself, “this isn’t a genetic(遗传的) disrder after all. It’s perfectly nrmal.” Days later, my life tk an-ther twist(转折). Searching the internet fr stuttering cures, I accidentally learned that such famus peple as Isaac Newtn and Winstn Churchill als stuttered. I was greatly relieved and then an idea suddenly hit me—if I’m smart, I shuldn’t allw my stuttering t stand between me and my success.
Anther bst t my self-cnfidence came days later as I was watching the news abut Oprah Winfrey, the famus talk shw hst and writer—she’s black t! Whenever I think f her stry and my frmer dislike f my clr, I’m practically filled with shame.
Tday, I’ve grwn t accept what I am with pride; it simply gives me feeling f uniqueness. The idea f self-lve has taken n a whle new meaning fr me: there’s always smething fantastic abut us, and what we need t d is learn t appreciate it.
12．What did the authr’s ccasinal stuttering bring abut accrding n Paragraph 3?
A．Her lack f self-cnfidence.
B．Her lss f interest in schl.
C．Her unwillingness t greet her classmates.
D．Her desire fr chances t imprve herself.
14．What lessn did the authr learn frm the cases f Newtn and Churchill?
A．Great minds speak alike.
B．Stuttering is n barrier t success.
C．Wisdm cunts mre than hard wrk.
D．Famus peple can’t live with their weaknesses.
【答案】 12．A 14．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者在非洲长大的经历，在成长的过程中作者意识到一个人要获得自尊就要首先学会接受自己本来的面目。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“What als cntributed t my self-dislike was my ccasinal stuttering(口吃), which had weakened my self-cnfidence.(导致我自我厌恶的还有我偶尔的口吃，这削弱了我的自信心。)”可知，作者的口吃导致作者失去了自信。故选A项。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I was greatly relieved and then an idea suddenly hit me—if I’m smart, I shuldn’t allw my stuttering t stand between me and my success.(我大大地松了一口气，然后一个想法突然出现在我脑海中——如果我聪明，我不应该让我的口吃阻碍我和我的成功。)”可知,作者意识到口吃不应该是自己成功的障碍。故选B项。
（2021·天津·高考真题）When peple ask me hw I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need that I felt t wrk with language. Having said that, I did nt knw fr a lng time what I was lking fr. It was nt until I fllwed this feeling t its surce that I discvered I had a passin fr writing. With sme encuragement frm my clleagues, I had ne f my pems published. This bit f success, hwever, was the pint where my prblem began.
Back in 1978, I had t travel between three different campuses in the mrning, teaching freshman cmpsitin. Afternns I spent taking my daughter t her ballet and hrse-riding lessns. I cmpsed my lectures n the way, and that was all the thinking time I had. When I returned hme, there was nt enugh f me left fr writing after a full wrking day.
As a way ut, I decided t get up tw hurs befre my usual time. My alarm was set fr 5:00 A．M. The first day I shut it ff because I had placed it within arm's reach. The secnd day I set tw clcks, ne n my night table, and ne ut in the hallway. I had t jump ut f bed and run t silence it befre my family was awken. This was when my mrning writing began.
Since that first mrning in 1978, I have been fllwing the habit t this day, nt making r accepting many excuses fr nt writing. I wrte my pems in this manner fr nearly ten years befre my first bk was published. When I decided t write a nvel, I divided my tw hurs: the first fr petry, the secnd fr fictin. Well r badly, I wrte at least tw pages a day. This is hw my nvel, The Line f the Sun. was finished. If I had waited t have the time, I wuld still be waiting t write my nvel.
What I gt ut f getting up in the dark t wrk is the feeling that I am in cntrl. Fr many peple, the initial sense f urgency t create easily dies away because it requires making the tugh decisin: taking the time t create, stealing it frm yurself if ifs the nly way.
16．What mtivated the authr t start her writing career?
A．Her strng wish t share.
B．Her keen interest in writing.
C．Her urgent need t make a living.
D．Her passinate desire fr fame.
17．What prblem did the authr face when she decided t begin her writing?
A．She was t exhausted t write after a busy day.
B．She had truble in deciding n her writing style.
C．She had t take time t discipline her daughter.
D．She was unsure abut her writing skills.
18．Why did the authr place an alarm clck in the hallway?
A．In case the clck in her rm brke dwn.
B．In case she failed t hear the ringing.
C．T frce herself ut f bed.
D．T wake up her family.
【答案】16．B 17．A 18．C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者喜爱写作并制定计划一直坚持下来。
16．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When peple ask me hw I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need that I felt t wrk with language.”当人们问我是如何开始写作的时候，我发现自己在描述一种对语言的迫切需求。可知，促使作者开始她的写作生涯的原因是她对写作的强烈兴趣。故选B项。
17．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When I returned hme, there was nt enugh f me left fr writing after a full wrking day.”当我回到家时，在工作了一整天后，我写东西的精力已经不够了。可知，当作者决定开始写作时，因为她忙碌了一天之后，她筋疲力尽，无法再写作了。故选A项。
18．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The first day I shut it ff because I had placed it within arm's reach. The secnd day I set tw clcks, ne n my night table, and ne ut in the hallway.”第一天我把它关掉了，因为我把它放在触手可及的地方。第二天，我调了两个钟，一个放在床头柜上，一个放在走廊上。可知，作者在走廊里放了一个闹钟的原因是为了强迫自己起床。故选C项。
（2020·天津·高考真题）“They tell me that yu’d like t make a statue(塑像) f me-is that crrect, Miss Vinnie Ream?”
The deep, gentle vice helped calm the nervus girl. Asking a favr f the President f the United States was n casual matter, especially fr a seventeen-year-ld girl.
“Yes, sir,” she replied, her dark eyes meeting his. “I wuldn’t have du ask yu, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan t make it in an admirable manner. “
President Lincln smiled. “Painters, sculptrs-they’ve all tried t make the best f this rdinary face, but I’m afraid there’s nt much hpe. What did yu have in mind, Miss Ream? A bust(半身像)?”
Befre Vinnie culd say yes, the President hurried n, a shade f aplgy in his vice.
“Of curse-I shuldn’t have asked. A full-length pse wuld be much t big a prject fr a yung wman yur size. “
Vinnie’s face turned red. She realized she lked like a child, with her tiny figure. “Small des nt mean weak, sir,” she defended herself. “I was brn in the cuntry f Wiscnsin. I’ve driven teams f hrses and carried water. Making a full-length clay(粘土) figure wuld nt exhaust my strength-and that is what I intend t d!”
The President’s eyes, brightened at her shw f spirit. “Srry, madam, I have underestimated yu as I didn’t knw yur backgrund.”
But his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bny fingers, in thught. “Miss Ream,” he sighed, “I’d like t let yu d it, but as yu knw, we are in the middle f a war. Hw culd I pssibly take the time t pse fr a sculpture nw? I hardly have a minute t myself.”
Vinnie glanced arund and nted the size f his ffice. “I wrk quickly,” she said. Her vice was sft but cnfident as she pinted t the crner near the windws. “If I were t bring my clay here and wrk fr three hurs every afternn, I culd cmplete mst f the prject while yu are at yur desk.”
The President seemed t cnsider her idea seriusly. He gt up and shk Vinnie’s hand warmly, “I’ve heard that yu are a talented yung wman, and I have fund yu charming and intelligent as well. I cannt make my decisin immediately, but yu will hear frm me sn.”
The very next day, Vinnie received an invitatin frm the President.
21．What gave Vinnie cnfidence t make her request f President Lincln?
A．Her aggressive persnality.
B．Mr. Mills’s encuraging remark.
C．President Lincln’s gentle vice.
D．Her interest in a challenging jb.
【答案】21．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了Vinnie Ream向林肯总统提出给他做一个全身雕像的请求，一开始林肯总统对此表示怀疑，在Vinnie的不断努力争取后，最终第二天Vinnie收到了林肯总统的邀请。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I wuldn't have dared t ask yu, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan t make it in an admirable manner. “可知，我本来不敢问你，但我的老师Mills先生说我准备好了。我打算用一种令人钦佩的方式来做这件事。由此可知，Mills先生的话给了Vinnie向林肯总统提出要求的底气。故选B。
（2020·天津·高考真题）One f the mst stressful days f Susan McFrederick’s life was watching her sn get wheeled away fr surgery hurs after he was brn in 2011.
But after the peratin, Susan burst int tears fr a different reasn: acrss the cut n their newbrn sns back was a sweet winter scene, hand-drawn n his bandages（绷带）.
“There were rlling hills f snw, a pine tree and a snwman with a hat and brm, she recalled. It was extremely tuching and cmfrting t knw that smebdy had taken the time t d that fr my family. It was a mment I'll never frget.”
Susan sn learned the artist was her sns surgen, Rbert Parry, wh discvered anther way t use his hands in the mid-1980 s during his internship（实习期）at children's medical center. where he saw ne f his clleagues cut ut heart and shark shapes t decrate children’s bandages.
“My first reactin was, 'What is he ding? Hey, that’s kind f neat,’ ” Parry recalled. “I especially liked the reactins f the parents and the patients when they saw his artwrk. The smiles tk everyne's attentin frm the surgery. Then I decided t fllw suit.”
Parry quickly graduated frm his early hearts and sharks, and started t surprise families with drawings that captured yung patients' persnalities. Frm Snpy t Spider-Man and bears t butterflies, there isn’t much he hasn’t drawn. Mst kids want superheres sprts team lgs r princesses, while babies ften receive scenes with flwers trees and sea creatures During the last 30 years, Parry estimates he has left examples f his handiwrk ver the stitches（伤口缝线） f mre than 10, 000 children.
“During a time f stress fr families, it's nice t be able t help them smile and laugh," Parry said. This is smething psitive that I can d fr them, which is what I like mst abut it.”
Fr Parry, the reward is knwing he hpefully made a difference in a child’s life, and except fr his drawings n bandages, they can g n and live their lives and never knw I was in it.” he said.
He's nt ready t retire, but he's fund a new hbby t keep his hands skillful in the years t cme.
“I've taken up knitting（编织）,” Parry said. “Hats, sweaters, glves---I enjy it all. But mstly, I enjy giving everything away.”
27．Hw did Parry get the idea f decrating children's bandages?
A．He was mtivated by his patients.
B．He was inspired by his clleague.
C．He was required t learn the skill during his internship.
D．He was encuraged by Susan t shw his genius fr art.
【答案】 27．B
【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了Rbert Parry通过手绘装饰儿童绷带的方法，在家庭面临压力的时候，帮助病人和他们的父母微笑和大笑来鼓舞他们的故事。
27．细节理解题。根据第四段Rbert Parry, wh discvered anther way t use his hands in the mid 1980 s during his internship (实习期)at a children medical center, where he saw ne f his clleagues cut ut heart and shark shapes t decrate children' s bandages.和第五段 I especially liked the reactins f the parents and the patients when they saw his artwrk. The smiles tk everyne' s attentin frm the surgery. Then I decided t fllw suit.可知，Rbert Parry80年代中期在儿童医学中心实习期间，看到了一位同事剪心和鲨鱼形状装饰孩子的绷带。他尤其喜欢病人和父母看到他的作品时的反应，因为笑容能把大家的注意力从手术上转移开。然后 Rbert Parry决定这样做。由此可知 Rbert Parry有装饰儿童绷带的想法是受同事的启发。故选B。
（2018·天津·统考高考真题）With a satisfied smile, Keisha finished the last sentence f her English essay abut ne f her heres, Rsa Parks, an imprtant figure in the Civil Rights Mvement.
“Keisha,” her mther shuted frm dwnstairs. “It’s almst 4:15.”
“Dn’t wrry. I wn’t be late. ” Keisha pulled dwn a strybk frm her bkshelf， as she always read t the nursing hme’s residents. And n an impulse（一时心血来潮）, she added her English ntebk as well.
As Keisha came running in the dr, the manager tld her, “We have a new resident this week, Mrs. Ruby Watsn. She’s still adjusting t her new surrundings. Yu’ll find her in Rm 28. And by the way, Keisha, gd luck.”
Keisha walked dwn the hallway at a quick pace. As she entered Rm 28, she met tw sharp brwn eyes staring at her dubtfully.
“I’m Keisha Jacksn, a vlunteer,” Keisha explained. “I cme here t help pass the time with residents, r read t them, r, . . .” Keisha started stammering（结巴）as Mrs.
Watsn cntinued t stare at her.
“I didn’t request anyne t keep me cmpany,” Mrs. Watsn interrupted. “I’m alne mst f the time, and that’s hw I prefer it.”
“I brught alng sme funny stries,” Keisha said hesitantly.
“I’m nt in the md fr funny stries,” Mrs. Watsn replied angrily. “What else d yu have?”
Nervusly, Keisha pened her ntebk t her essay. She read the title alud, “Rsa
Parks: A Wman f Curage and Cnvictin（信念）.” She glanced at Mrs. Watsn t see hw she might react, but t her surprise, Mrs. Watsn’s face relaxed and her eyes shne.
“Read t me abut Rsa,” Mrs. Watsn said.
Keisha read hw Rsa Parks’ refusal t give up her seat t a white passenger n a bus in 1955 inspired the prtest that became a turning pint in the struggle fr civil rights.
“I walked with Rsa Parks and Dr. Martin Luther King,” Mrs. Watsn said with pride. “That was the greatest mment f my life because…” She paused.
“Because… yu were a wman f curage and cnvictin t.”
Sitting up straighter, Mrs. Watsn said, “Yes, I was and I still am. Thank yu fr reminding me, Keisha. Next Thursday, I will tell yu my stry.”
31．Why did Keisha take her English ntebk alng?
A．Her mther asked her t take it.B．She wuld hand it in n her way.
C．She might read her essay t smene.D．The manager wanted t read her essay.
34．What effect did Keisha’s essay have n Mrs. Watsn?
A．It arused her curisity in vlunteer wrk.
B．It built up her expectatin fr mre visitrs.
C．It awke her pride in her struggle fr civil rights.
D．It changed her attitude t the Civil Rights Mvement.
【答案】31．C 34．C
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文讲述了Keisha 与Mrs. Watsn 之间的故事。
31．细节理解题，由第一段“ And n an impulse（一时心血来潮）, she added her English ntebk as well.”一时心血来潮，她拿上了英语笔记本。以及第十段“Nervusly, Keisha pened her ntebk t her essay. She read the title alud.”可知， Keisha紧张地把笔记翻到她写的文章。她大声地朗读着标题。所以为什么凯莎带着她的英语笔记本是因为她可能会把她的文章读给别人听。故选C项。
34．细节理解题。由第十二段“I walked with Rsa Parks and Dr. Martin Luther King,” Mrs. Watsn said with pride. “That was the greatest mment f my life because…” She paused.”可知，我和罗莎·帕克斯和马丁·路德·金博士一起散步,Mrs. Watsn骄傲地说。“那是我一生中最伟大的时刻因为”她停顿了一会。所以Keisha的文章唤起了Mrs. Watsn为争取公民权利而斗争的自豪感。故选C项。
（2019·天津·高考真题）An unpleasant smell flated int my nse as the bwl f fried stinky tfu（臭豆腐） settled nt my grandmther’s dinner table. I immediately sat back. The smell ruined my appetite, and I pushed the dish away.
“It’s suppsed t stink. Just give it a try!” my grandmther said.
Hlding my breath, I unwillingly tk a bite. T my surprise, the tfu beneath the fried skin was warm, sft, and muthwatering. Since then, whenever I visited my grandmther’s huse, I wuld rush t the kitchen fr the stinky tfu with excitement. Thus, stinky tfu became mre than a husehld traditin. It became my favrite dish.
Alng with the stinky tfu, I wuld meet my Uncle Chan n every visit. As an immature by, I never understd my uncle’s cnditin f Dwn syndrme（唐氏综合征）.
He was an unfriendly and terrible creature in my eyes. He cnstantly walked arund the huse, talking t himself. Whenever he was within view, I wuld run away in fear.
Hwever, ne day, my view f my uncle suddenly changed. I was just getting ut f my bed when I heard sft steps appraching. It was my uncle. My muscles frze. He slwly sat next t me and tuched my face gently, as a mther wuld strke （抚摸）a baby.
A wide smile emerged frm his blank expressin. Hw beautiful his smile was! I culd nt help but smile back. My fear disappeared gradually, and my muscles relaxed. Fr the first time, I culd see sftness and warmth in his eyes.
My uncle very much resembles stinky tfu. Stinky tfu smells unpleasant n the utside, yet feels warm and sft in the inside. Like stinky tfu, my uncle’s Dwn syndrme made me keep my distance at first. Yet, I learned that deep inside, he is harmless and has a lving nature.
Sme peple tend t lk dwn upn disabled peple and regard them as unfit fr a regular life. As I was able t see thrugh the uter surface f the tfu, these peple are unable t see thrugh the surface f prejudice（偏见）. As a result, they judge the disabled with ne glance.
The utside and inside f the stinky tfu exist as tw extremely different wrlds. Perhaps that is what makes it such a tasty dish. Nt nly is it delicius, stinky tfu ffers a valuable lessn: never judge peple at first glance, fr true beauty cmes frm the inside.
36．Why did stinky tfu becme the authr’s favrite dish?
A．It was related t family traditin.
B．It turned ut t be quite delicius.
C．Grandma encuraged him t try it.
D．His appetite fr fd had increased.
37．What did the authr think f his uncle at first?
A．He was a quiet persn.
B．He was an energetic guy.
C．He was an immature man.
D．He was a strange creature.
38．The authr’s attitude twards Uncle Chan changed when .
A．Chan’s ftsteps wke up the authr
B．Chan shwed his friendliness t the authr
C．Chan displayed his lve twards his mther
D．Chan’s blank expressin made the authr smile
【答案】36．B 37．D 38．B
【分析】本文为记叙文。作者通过吃臭豆腐及对患有唐氏综合征的叔叔的再认识，得出了“不要以貌取人，心里美才是真的美”的人生哲理。
36．细节理解题。根据第三段中的T my surprise, the tfu beneath the fried skin was warm, sft, and muthwatering.（令我惊讶的是，油炸后的豆腐又热又软，令人垂涎欲滴）可知，臭豆腐成了作者最喜欢的菜，是因为它很好吃。故B选项正确。
37．细节理解题。根据第五段中的He was an unfriendly and terrible creature in my eyes. He cnstantly walked arund the huse, talking t himself.（我看来，他是一个不友好、可怕的家伙。他不停地在屋子里走来走去，自言自语）可知，开始的时候，作者认为他的叔叔是个怪人。故D选项正确。
38．细节理解题。根据第六段中的He slwly sat next t me and tuched my face gently, as a mther wuld strke （抚摸）a baby.（他慢慢地坐在我旁边，轻轻地抚摸着我的脸，就像一位母亲抚摸婴儿一样）及第七段中的My fear disappeared gradually, and my muscles relaxed. Fr the first time, I culd see sftness and warmth in his eyes.（我的恐惧渐渐消失了，我的肌肉也放松了。我第一次在他的眼里看到了温柔和温暖）可知，当叔叔对作者展现友善时，作者对陈叔叔的态度发生了变化。故B选项正确。
（2017·天津·高考真题）Debra Avery has been a hrse lver since she was a little girl in San Dieg. Her family culdn't affrd a hrse f its wn, s Debra brrwed rides at the lcal hrse-riding center, gaining the cnfidence nly fund atp a hrse. Years later, Debra remembered thse early days, and the lessns she learned with the hrses at the riding center, and wanted t help ther yung wmen get the benefits f cnnecting with hrses. "I always wanted t run a hrse prgram fr girls like me," says Debra. "I wanted t help them gain the curage t be arund a hrse and t care fr a hrse."
One day at the Ls Angeles Hrse-riding Center, as Debra rde beside fellw rider Judith Hpkins, she mentined an inheritance (遗产) frm her father-in-law and her desire t use it t serve disadvantaged girls. Judith had the same dream—and a name fr the rganizatin.
They funded Taking the Reins (TTR) in 1998. The rganizatin serves mre than 400 yung wmen per year in after-schl, weekend, and summer prgrams that feature hrse riding and care, gardening and even cmpetitive hrse shwing. Mst participants live belw the pverty line and ften have nt had reliable husing fr mre than six mnths at a time. Few have previus hrse experience.
TTR uses farm and ranch experiences t teach respnsibility, leadership, teamwrk, and self-cnfidence. Directr Dr. Jane Haven says, "A large number f ur girls are smewhat autistic (孤独症的). I can't cunt hw many f them have fund their first scial friends thanks t sharing this hbby and activity. Hrses bring them ut in such a wnderful way."
Jane als sees members f TTR prgram excel in schl—100 percent f yung wmen invlved fr fur years r mre have graduated frm high schl. Ninety-nine percent f thse participants have gne n t attend fur-year clleges.
Debra sees a mre bvius impact—after a few weeks in the TTR prgram, the yung wmen sit a little higher in their saddles (马鞍). "There's just smething abut sitting up n the back f a hrse that gives them a bst f cnfidence."
42．What prgrams des TTR ffer?
A．Hrse riding and shwing.B．Hrse care and farming.
C．Pet care and gardening.D．Weekend hiking and camping.
43．Wh was the rganizatin funded fr?
A．Hmeless and lnely wmen.B．Hard-wrking schl girls.
C．Female autistic patients.D．Pr hrse-lving girls.
45．What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A．TTR is a prfit-making rganizatin.B．TTR prgram lasts a few weeks.
C．The girls' cnfidence grws quickly.D．The girls can ride taller hrses.
【答案】 42．A 43．D 45．C
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Debra Avery喜欢骑马，之后她和朋友Judith成立了TTR这个组织，目的是帮助孤独的女孩，使她们变得有责任心、领导力、团队合作精神和自信。
42．细节理解题。根据第三段“The rganizatin serves mre than 400 yung wmen per year in after-schl, weekend, and summer prgrams that feature hrse riding and care, gardening and even cmpetitive hrse shwing.（这个组织每年为超过400名女孩提供课后的、周末的和暑期的项目，这些项目以骑马、护理马、园艺工作和竞技马展为特色。）”可知，TTR项目提供骑马、护理马、园艺工作和竞技马展。故选A项。
43．细节理解题。根据第三段“Mst participants live belw the pverty line and ften have nt had reliable husing fr mre than six mnths at a time.（大多数参与者生活在贫困线以下，并且一度超过6个月没有可靠的住房。）”可知，这个组织是为了贫穷和无家可归的爱马的女孩建立，故选项D。
45．细节理解题。根据最后一段“There's just smething abut sitting up n the back f a hrse that gives them a bst f cnfidence.（仅仅是坐在马背上就能提升她们的自信。）”可知，TTR项目可以使女孩迅速增强自信，故选C项。
【最新模拟】
（2024·天津宁河·一模）Here are fur best destinatins t be after heart-stpping adventure, a clse-up lk at histry, r the perfect meal.
Buens Aires, Argentina
Buens Aires becmes a hub fr art, sprts, and plitics. Thugh the Argentinean capital is already hme t a cllectin f galleries, Art Basel Cities prmises t prmte Buens Aires’ reputatin in the glbal art scene by ffering prfessinal supprt fr lcal artists, as well as lectures and wrkshps thrughut the year t draw art lvers t the city.
Ls Cabs, Mexic
Lcated at the tip f the Baja Peninsula, the tw small clnial twns f Cab San Lucas and San Jse del Cab have becme the httest vacatin destinatins in Mexic in recent years. With wide, riginal beaches, lively nightclubs, natural resrts, and a farm-t-table fd scene, the asis f Ls Cabs is drawing turists in recrd numbers. As a result, the htel scene is bming, with lts f new develpments and renvatins cmpleted this year.
Zambia
Until nw, Zambia has had little recgnitin as ne f Africa’s great safari (狩猎远征) destinatins. Yet experts knw it as the birthplace f the walking safari In Suth Luangwa Natinal Park, visitrs can expect t see mre animals than babab trees, while Liuwa Plain Natinal Park is the setting fr the wrld’s secnd-largest wildebeest migratin, when tens f thusands f the creatures head acrss the plain frm neighbring Angla.
Brussels, Belgium
Visitrs may want t return t the Belgian capital in 2018 t visit tw cutting-edge museums. The Millennium Icnclast Museum f Art pened t shw cntemprary art frm arund the wrld. There’s als the Citren Cultural Centre, which will launch its first exhibitin in May. The JAM Htel with expsed brickwrk and cncrete beams hused in a frmer art schl, is the perfect place fr culture lvers t stay. Dn’t leave twn withut experiencing beer culture at yuthful breweries (啤酒厂) like Brasserie de la Senne r Brussels Beer Prject.
1．Hw des Art Basel Cities prmte Buens Aires’ reputatin?
A．By ffering lectures nly.B．By giving prfessinal help.
C．By building wrkshps.D．By drawing sme pictures.
2．What attracts s many turists t the asis f Ls Cabs?
A．Its wild climate.B．The bming htels.
C．Its charming attractins.D．The special lcatin.
3．Where can yu g if yu want t see wildebeest migratin?
A．Zambia.B．Ls Cabs, Mexic.
C．Buens Aires, Argentina.D．Brussels, Belgium.
4．What des the authr strngly advise yu t d in Brussels, Belgium?
A．Visit mdern museums.B．Live in luxury htels.
C．Enjy beer culture.D．Attend the art exhibitin activities.
5．Where des this passage mst prbably cme frm?
A．A teachers’ handbk.B．A stry bk.
C．A science magazine.D．A travel jurnal.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个旅游目的地的情况。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thugh the Argentinean capital is already hme t a cllectin f galleries, Art Basel Cities prmises t prmte Buens Aires’ reputatin in the glbal art scene by ffering prfessinal supprt fr lcal artists, as well as lectures and wrkshps thrughut the year t draw art lvers t the city.(尽管阿根廷首都已经有很多画廊，但巴塞尔城市艺术展承诺通过为当地艺术家提供专业支持，以及全年举办讲座和研讨会来吸引艺术爱好者，从而提升布宜诺斯艾利斯在全球艺术界的声誉)”可知，巴塞尔城市艺术展通过提供专业帮助提升布宜诺斯艾利斯的声誉。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“With wide, riginal beaches, lively nightclubs, natural resrts, and a farm-t-table fd scene, the asis f Ls Cabs is drawing turists in recrd numbers.(宽阔、原始的海滩、热闹的夜总会、自然度假胜地和从农场到餐桌的美食场景，洛斯卡沃斯的绿洲正吸引着创纪录数量的游客)”可知，洛斯卡沃斯的绿洲迷人的景点吸引了许多游客来到这里。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Yet experts knw it as the birthplace f the walking safari In Suth Luangwa Natinal Park, visitrs can expect t see mre animals than babab trees, while Liuwa Plain Natinal Park is the setting fr the wrld’s secnd-largest wildebeest migratin, when tens f thusands f the creatures head acrss the plain frm neighbring Angla.(在南卢安瓜国家公园，游客可以看到比猴面包树更多的动物，而柳瓦平原国家公园是世界上第二大角马迁徙的地点，成千上万的角马从邻国安哥拉穿越平原)”可知，如果你想看角马迁徙，你可以去赞比亚。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Dn’t leave twn withut experiencing beer culture at yuthful breweries (啤酒厂) like Brasserie de la Senne r Brussels Beer Prject.(别忘了去Brasserie de la Senne或布鲁塞尔啤酒项目等年轻的啤酒厂体验啤酒文化)”可知，作者强烈建议你在比利时布鲁塞尔享受啤酒文化。故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段“Here are fur best destinatins t be after heart-stpping adventure, a clse-up lk at histry, r the perfect meal.(如果你想经历惊心动魄的冒险、近距离了解历史，或者品尝一顿完美的大餐，那么以下四个目的地是你的最佳选择)”结合文章主要介绍了四个旅游目的地的情况。可知，文章选自旅行日志。故选D。
（2024·天津·一模）Free nline curses
Greek and Rman Mythlgy
Instructed by Peter Struck, an assciate prfessr f classical studies at the University f Pennsylvania, this three-week curse intrduces students t mythlgy, specifically in reference t Greek and Rman cultures. Each week students will be required t watch vide lectures, ending with a quiz reviewing that week’s lessns.
Scandinavian Film and Televisin
This six-week curse is perfect fr thse wanting t get familiar with Scandinavian film and televisin scene thrughut the 20th and 21st centuries. Instructr Eva Nvrup Redvall, an assistant prfessr f film and media studies at the University f Cpenhagen, leads students thrugh weekly mdules, kicking ff with the early years f Scandinavian cinematic wrk. Film and TV clips (片段) help bring each lessn t life, as d supplemental (补充的) readings.
A Virtual Tur f the Ancient City
This class starts ff with the fllwing questin: “What has Rme ever dne fr us?” Prfessr Matthew Nichlls in the Department f Classics at the University f Reading deals with that questin head-n during his five-week curse, fcusing n the building f the ancient city f Rme and hw it laid the grundwrk fr the cnstructin f cities thrughut the wrld. In additin t nline discussins, the curse includes digital mdels that students can dwnlad and view, giving them a 3-D perspective f Rme withut setting ft there.
The Bard’s Life and Wrk
Reading Rme and Juliet, Hamlet r any f the ther wrks by William Shakespeare is practically a rite f passage in high schl English classes, but this fur-week curse explre the life f the English playwright and pet. Stephen Greenblatt, the Jhn Cgan University Prfessr f the Humanities at Harvard University, leads students thrugh different appraches t literary analysis and examines hw his writing has been interpreted ver the centuries.
6．Hw des the first curse help students strengthen what they have learned?
A．By playing film clips.
B．By giving weekly tests.
C．By ffering nline discussins.
D．By prviding supplemental readings.
7．Which f the fllwing curses has the lngest duratin?
A．The Bard’s Life and Wrk.
B．Greek and Rman Mythlgy.
C．Scandinavian Film and Televisin.
D．A Virtual Tur f the Ancient City.
8．What will be discussed in the curse “A Virtual Tur f the Ancient City”?
A．Histrical cities in England.
B．Greek and Rman classics.
C．Ancient Rman architecture.
D．Scandinavian traditins and custms.
9．Whse curse might be favred by a Shakespeare fan?
A．Eva Nvrup Redvall’s.
B．Stephen Greenblatt’s.
C．Matthew Nichlls’s.
D．Peter Struck’s.
10．What is the main fcus f the curse “The Bard’s Life and Wrk”?
A．Studying the life and wrks f Shakespeare.
B．Explring the histry f English literature.
C．Reading the passage abut Shakespeare.
D．Analyzing different mdern playwrights.
【答案】6．B 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种免费的在线课程。
6．细节理解题。根据Greek and Rman Mythlgy标题下“Each week students will be required t watch vide lectures, ending with a quiz reviewing that week’s lessns.”（学生们每周都会被要求观看视频讲座，最后会有一个小测验来复习这周的课程。）可知，第一门课程帮助学生巩固他们所学的知识是通过每周进行测试的方式。故选B项。
7．细节理解题。根据Greek and Rman Mythlgy标题下“Instructed by Peter Struck, an assciate prfessr f classical studies at the University f Pennsylvania, this three-week curse intrduces students t mythlgy, specifically in reference t Greek and Rman cultures.”（由宾夕法尼亚大学古典研究副教授彼得·斯特鲁克指导，这门为期三周的课程向学生介绍神话，特别是希腊和罗马文化。）、Scandinavian Film and Televisin标题下“This six-week curse is perfect fr thse wanting t get familiar with Scandinavian film and televisin scene thrughut the 20th and 21st centuries.”（这个为期六周的课程非常适合那些想要熟悉20世纪和21世纪斯堪的纳维亚电影和电视场景的人。）、A Virtual Tur f the Ancient City标题下“Prfessr Matthew Nichlls in the Department f Classics at the University f Reading deals with that questin head-n during his five-week curse, fcusing n the building f the ancient city f Rme and hw it laid the grundwrk fr the cnstructin f cities thrughut the wrld.”（雷丁大学古典学系的马修·尼科尔斯教授在他为期五周的课程中，直接探讨了这个问题，重点是罗马古城的建设，以及它如何为世界各地的城市建设奠定基础。）及The Bard’s Life and Wrk标题下“Reading Rme and Juliet, Hamlet r any f the ther wrks by William Shakespeare is practically a rite f passage in high schl English classes, but this fur-week curse explre the life f the English playwright and pet. ”（在高中英语课上，阅读《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、《哈姆雷特》或威廉·莎士比亚的其他作品几乎是一种成人仪式，但这门为期四周的课程将探索这位英国剧作家和诗人的一生。）可知，Scandinavian Film and Televisin课程的学习时间最长。故选C项。
8．细节理解题。根据A Virtual Tur f the Ancient City标题下“Prfessr Matthew Nichlls in the Department f Classics at the University f Reading deals with that questin head-n during his five-week curse, fcusing n the building f the ancient city f Rme and hw it laid the grundwrk fr the cnstructin f cities thrughut the wrld. ”（雷丁大学古典学系的马修·尼科尔斯教授在他为期五周的课程中，直接探讨了这个问题，重点是罗马古城的建设，以及它如何为世界各地的城市建设奠定基础。）可知，“虚拟古城之旅”这门课将讨论的内容是古罗马建筑。故选C项。
9．细节理解题。根据The Bard’s Life and Wrk标题下“Reading Rme and Juliet, Hamlet r any f the ther wrks by William Shakespeare is practically a rite f passage in high schl English classes, but this fur-week curse explre the life f the English playwright and pet. Stephen Greenblatt, the Jhn Cgan University Prfessr f the Humanities at Harvard University, leads students thrugh different appraches t literary analysis and examines hw his writing has been interpreted ver the centuries.”（在高中英语课上，阅读《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、《哈姆雷特》或威廉·莎士比亚的其他作品几乎是一种成人仪式，但这门为期四周的课程将探索这位英国剧作家和诗人的一生。哈佛大学约翰·科根大学人文学科教授斯蒂芬·格林布拉特带领学生通过不同的方法进行文学分析，并研究了几个世纪以来他的作品是如何被解读的。）可知，Stephen Greenblatt’s的课程会受到莎士比亚迷的青睐。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据The Bard’s Life and Wrk标题下“Reading Rme and Juliet, Hamlet r any f the ther wrks by William Shakespeare is practically a rite f passage in high schl English classes, but this fur-week curse explre the life f the English playwright and pet. ”（在高中英语课上，阅读《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、《哈姆雷特》或威廉·莎士比亚的其他作品几乎是一种成人仪式，但这门为期四周的课程将探索这位英国剧作家和诗人的一生。）可知，“The Bard’s Life and Wrk”这门课程主要关注的是研究莎士比亚的生平和作品。故选A项。
（2024·天津河东·一模）Scttish Internatinal Strytelling Festival
Saturday 18 Octber
Once Upn a Jurney
Natinal Museum f Sctland
11 am (5 hrs)
Free|5+
A day f strytelling jurneys and perfrmances at the Natinal Museum. Jin Captain Zepp’s Submarine Adventures with Macastry, g n Magic Carpets and Stry Safaris, and explre Sctland’s histry fr all ages with Andy Cannn’s Tales f a Grandsn. Tickets fr auditrium shws are n a first-cme-first-served basis. Stry Safaris and Magic Carpets have limited places and will require sign-up n the day.
Saturday 18 Octber
Travelling Tales
Scttish Strytelling Centre 2 pm(2 hrs)
£ 7. 5018+
Jin strytellers and musicians Essie Stewart, Claire Hewitt, Alasdair Taylr and Alastair Davidsn fr an afternn f traditinal jurney tales and sngs. Yung peple frm Badench Lchaber will als share their wn stries in Gaelic and English inspired by the epic jurneys f the Scttish travelers.
Saturday 18 Octber
Enlightenment Edinburgh
Meet at Mercat Crss beside St Giles Cathedral
2. 30 pm (1 hr 45 mins)
£ 11, £ 6 child |All ages
Jurney thrugh 18th-century Edinburgh. The ppulatin was small; the space they lived in was smaller. Yet frm this tiny stage Edinburgh’s intellectual influence spread acrss the new wrld. Explre the mediaeval (中世纪的) Old Twn t the Gergian New Twn; hear abut the lives f the men wh fashined new ideas: David Hume, Adam Smith. Walter Sctt. James Huttn and many mre.
Sunday 19 Octber
Natural Jurneys
Ryal Btanic Garden Edinburgh
I pm(3 hrs)
Free |All ages
Frm Tea Huse t Tented Village, Gateway t Grves, and Yurts t Caravans, listen t nature’s expressive language thrugh traditinal stries and music. Jurney between key lcatins in the beautiful Btanic Garden. There’s als The Lst Seasns, a special perfrmance f music, stry and step dance frm sme f Sctland’s leading traditinal artists.
11．Which f the fllwing lasts the lngest time?
A．Once Upn a Jurney.B．Travelling Tales.
C．Enlightenment Edinburgh.D．Natural Jurneys.
12．If yu’d like t learn abut the histry f Edinburgh, yu shuld g t _____.
A．the Natinal Museum f SctlandB．the Scttish Strytelling Centre
C．Mercat CrssD．the Ryal Btanic Garden
13．If yu g t Travelling Tales, yu ______.
A．need t bk in advance
B．can g n Magic Carpets
C．will meet David Hume and Adam Smith
D．can listen t stries in different languages
14．Yu can visit the fllwing places EXCEPT _____ in yur Natural Jurneys.
A．Tented VillageB．Gateway t Grves
C．Tea HuseD．Gergian New Twn
15．What d the fur activities have in cmmn?
A．They are fr all ages.B．They are free f charge
C．They are held n the weekend.D．They are held at the same place.
【答案】11．A 12．C 13．D 14．D 15．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了苏格兰国际故事节中的四个活动。
11．细节理解题。根据各个活动的时间尤其是Once Upn a Jurney中的时间“11 am (5 hrs)”可知，Once Upn a Jurney这个活动的持续的时间最长。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据Enlightenment Edinburgh部分的“Meet at Mercat Crss beside St Giles Cathedral (在圣吉尔斯大教堂旁的Mercat Crss会面)”可知，如果你想了解爱丁堡的历史，你应该去Mercat Crss。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据Travelling Tales部分的“Yung peple frm Badench Lchaber will als share their wn stries in Gaelic and English inspired by the epic jurneys f the Scttish travelers. (Badench Lchaber的年轻人还将以盖尔语和英语分享他们自己的故事，这些故事的灵感来自苏格兰旅行者的史诗之旅。)”可知，如果你去参加Travelling Tales，你可以听不同语言的故事。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据Natural Jurneys部分的“Frm Tea Huse t Tented Village, Gateway t Grves, and Yurts t Caravans, listen t nature’s expressive language thrugh traditinal stries and music. (从茶馆到帐篷村，从Grves的Gateway到大篷车的Yurts，通过传统故事和音乐聆听大自然的表达语言。)”可知，在Natural Jurneys中，能够参观的地方为Tea Huse，Tented Village，Gateway的Grves。所以不能参观Gergian New Twn。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据这几个活动的时间可知，这四种活动都是在周末举行。故选C。