高考英语二轮-代词（专项训练）（北京专用）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-代词（专项训练）（北京专用）（教师版），共27页。
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc17943" 01 课标达标练
\l "_Tc16505" 考点01 反身代词的用法
\l "_Tc2514" 题型02 人称代词和物主代词的用法
\l "_Tc1965" 考点03 不定代词和指示代词的用法
\l "_Tc2905" 考点04 it的用法
\l "_Tc20184" 02 核心突破练
\l "_Tc5699" 03 真题溯源练
考点01 反身代词的用法
1.（24-25高三上·北京顺义期末）But t his surprise, all the custmers scanned the prducts 9 (they) and everything went well. Later, he hung up a sign thanking each and every ne f the custmers fr their hnesty.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查代词。句意：但令他惊讶的是，所有的顾客都自己扫描了商品，一切都很顺利。此处表示“他们自己”，用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
2.（23-24高三下·北京西城·一模）T the American, the hme is an expressin f 1 (he). Much mney is ften spent n each and every rm t create the right “feel” accrding t the persn’s lifestyle. Therefre, he is happy t shw his huse t thers.
【答案】himself
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：对于美国人来说，房屋就是表达他自己的一种方式。结合句意可知，空处需要填反身代词表示“美国人自己”；根据谓语动词is和宾语an expressin可知，此处反身代词需要用单数形式，在性别有男有女时，用himself代指。故填himself。
3.（23-24高三下·北京西城·二模）Humans like t live near rivers and they ften find 2 (they) needing t crss them. The simplest way acrss a river is t frd it.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：人类喜欢住在河流附近，他们经常发现自己需要过河。当主语和宾语一致时，用反身代词作宾语，they的反身代词是themselves，故填themselves。
4.（23-24高三下·北京丰台·一模） She is nw riding a new trend: mixing and matching mdern clthes with traditinal Han dress, r hanfu. She has been psting vides f 54 (she) dressed in hanfu n the Internet, which has attracted many fans n Chinese lifestyle.
【答案】herself
【解析】．考查代词。句意：她一直在网上上传她穿着汉服的视频，这吸引了很多喜欢中国生活方式的人。此处f是介词，后跟宾语，且主语为she，此处意为“她自己”，故应用反身代词herself作宾语，故填herself。
5.（22-23高三下·京中国人民大学附属中学·二模）The first day f schl began n a bright nte fr a teacher wh was glancing ver the class rll. After each student’s name was a number, such as 138,140,154 and s n. “Lk at these IQs,” she thught t 6 (she). “They’ve given me a terrific class.”
【答案】herself
【解析】考查代词。句意：她心想，看看这些人的智商。根据句子结构可知，此处缺少宾语，同时根据括号提示和句意，主语和宾语一致，故用she的反身代词herself。故填herself。
6.（2023高三上·北京丰台区怡海中学·期中）But the lady smiled and said, “This gift card is fr yu, beautiful girl, s yu can buy smething special fr 6 (yu).” I am s thankful t that wman fr reminding me beauty cmes in all frms.
【答案】yurself
【解析】考查代词。句意：这张礼品卡是给你的，漂亮的女孩，这样你就可以给自己买些特别的东西了。这里表示你给你自己买动词，主语和宾语均为同一人，所以应用反身代词yurself作宾语。故填yurself。
7.（2025·海南省月考）Scial media influencers like Li Ziqi als play (they) active parts by keeping n sharing vlgs themed abut ICH n Tiktk.
【答案】their
【解析】考查代词。句意：像李子柒这样的社交媒体影响者也在Tiktk上继续分享以ICH为主题的视频，发挥着积极的作用。空处限定active parts，用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
8.（2025·四川省南充市高三二模）Tday, during the Spring Festival, peple carry n the traditin f hanging red lanterns, setting ff firewrks in the hpe f ridding (them) f evil spirits and attracting gd luck.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：如今，在春节期间，人们延续着挂红灯笼、放烟花的传统，希望借此驱邪避凶，招来好运。空处为代词担当宾语，表示主语本身，用反身代词。故填themselves。
9.（2025·湖北省十堰市高三统考）At the cnference, sprting the theme f “Intercnnectin, Integratin, Inheritance, Innvatin,” delegates (代表) fund (they) clsely cnnected t the Glbal Civilizatin Initiative (GCI), which advcates respect fr the diversity f civilizatins, the cmmn values f humanity, the imprtance f inheritance and innvatin f civilizatins.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：在以“联通融合 传承创新”为主题的会议上，代表们发现自己与全球文明倡议（GCI）密切相关，该倡议倡导尊重文明的多样性，人类的共同价值观，以及文明传承和创新的重要性。此处fund这一动作的实施者和承受者为同一人，空处应用they的反身代词形式themselves，意为“他们自己”。故填themselves。
10.（2025·广东省揭阳市高三统考）The shrt jurney left a deep impressin n her. “I really lnged fr mre pprtunities t g t China and experience the lcal life (I),”she said.
【答案】myself
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：“我真的很渴望有更多的机会去中国，亲身体验当地的生活，”她说。根据语境可知，空格处用反身代词myself表示“我亲自”，作同位语。故填myself。
11.（2025·山东聊城期中）They dared t fight and cmpete in the face f pressure, ging beynd (they) in the face f challenges.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查代词。句意：他们敢于在压力面前战斗和竞争，在挑战面前超越自我。这里考查beynd neself，表“超越自我”，为固定搭配，所以此空应用反身代词。故填themselves。
12.（2025·湖南省九校联盟高三第二次联考）Rted in Chinese mythlgy, Ne Zha 2 retells ancient stries with a mdern twist. Brn with unique pwers, Ne Zha finds (he) as an utcast (被排斥的人) wh is feared and even hated.
【答案】himself
【解析】考查代词。句意：哪吒天生拥有独特的力量，却发现自己是一个被排斥的人，让人害怕，甚至憎恨。句子的主语和宾语是同一人，所以空格处应该用反身代词himself作宾语。故填himself。
13.（2025·河北省邢台市二轮复习质检测）An initiative was launched in late January by Xiahngshu, a Chinese lifestyle-fcused scial media platfrm, inviting users t uplad phts r vides f (they) and friends wearing hanfu at landmarks arund the wrld frm January 28 t February 19.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：1月下旬，中国关注生活方式的社交媒体平台小红书发起了一项活动，邀请用户在1月28日至2月19日期间上传自己和朋友在世界各地地标建筑中穿着汉服的照片或视频。根据语境可知，句子表示“邀请用户在1月28日至2月19日期间上传自己和朋友在世界各地地标建筑中穿着汉服的照片或视频”，空格处意为“他们自己”，用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
考向02 人称代词和物主代词的用法
1.（2023高三上·北京市四中学顺义·期中）They are als very happy that high-speed trains and shared bikes have shrtened 1 (they) jurneys and made public transprt mre attractive.
【答案】their
【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他们也很高兴高铁和共享单车缩短了他们的行程，使公共交通更具吸引力。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，作定语，修饰名词 jurneys。故填their。
2.（24-25高三上·北昌平·期末）Ecsia is a search engine that plants trees by dnating majrity f 83 (it) prfit t envirnmental rganizatins. In return, the nn-prfit rganizatins used the fund t plant trees in the places where they are needed the mst.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意：Ecsia是一个将大部分利润捐赠给环境团体的植树搜索引擎。分析句子，设空处使用it的形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰prfit。故填its。
3.（2025·山东省齐鲁名校大联考）The New Wrld Press (NWP) has hsted the bk launch event fr the latest additins t (it) “Freigners Tell Chinese Stries” series — Hme Is Where My Heart Is (English versin) and La Distancia N Crea Barreras (Spanish versin) at the 36th Beijing Bk Fair that was held in January, 2024．
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意：新世界出版社在2024年1月举行的第36届北京书展上举办了“外国人讲中国故事”系列新作《我心安处是故乡：我的中国故事》（英文版）和《跨越山海的缘分：我的中国故事》（西文版）的新书发布会。空处修饰后面的名词短语，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
4.（2025·河北省邯郸市高三第三次调研监测）Experts in the sectr say that digital intelligence pses pprtunities and challenges t educatin. As digital technlgy, especially artificial intelligence, quickly advances, it creates great challenges fr the wrldwide publishing industry, prviding new methds, tls and paths fr
(it) develpment.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意：随着数字技术的快速发展，尤其是人工智能的发展，它为全球出版业带来了巨大的挑战，为其发展提供了新的方法、工具和路径。此处指代前文提到的the wrldwide publishing industry，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
5.（2025·安徽省五校联考）With (they) increasing ppularity, the tw wmen are cntinuing t cme up with innvative ways t prvide mre special visual and auditry enjyment t their audiences.
【答案】their
【解析】考查物主代词。句意：随着人气的不断攀升，这两位女士也继续探索创新方式，为观众带来更特别的视听盛宴。修饰名词ppularity应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
6.（2025·山西省高三开学摸底）The UNESCO n Wednesday included Spring Festival n the list f the Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity. The cmmittee recgnized the festival fr (it) wide range f rituals (礼节) and unique cultural elements that engage all f Chinese sciety.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意：委员会认可了这个节日的广泛仪式和独特的文化元素，这些元素与中国社会的所有人都有联系。形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词。故填its。
7.（2025·安徽省马鞍山市高三第一次教学质量检测）That’s why each Spring Festival, hundreds f millins f peple travel hme t reunite(团聚) with (they) relatives.
【答案】their
【解析】考查代词。句意：那就是为什么每年春节有数以百万计的人回家和他们的亲人团聚。根据空后的名词relatives（亲戚）可知，空中用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词，they的形容词性物主代词是their，表示“他们的”。故填their。
8.（2025·宁夏石嘴山市模拟预测）In the fd experience sessin, guests enjyed traditinal Chinese delicacies such as bingtang hulu and da xia mian, further deepening (they) understanding and appreciatin f Chinese culture.
【答案】their
【解析】考查代词。句意：在美食体验环节，嘉宾们品尝了冰塘葫芦、刀削面等中国传统美食，进一步加深了对中国文化的了解和欣赏。空处修饰understanding和appreciatin，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
9．We can’t seem t make up (we) minds whether we want a mdern city r a traditinal ne.
【答案】ur
【详解】考查代词。句意：我们似乎无法决定是要一个现代化的城市还是一个传统的城市。固定短语make up ne’s mind(s)意为“下定决心，做出决定”，因此应用形容词性物主代词ur。故填ur。
10．After wrking fr many years t increase (they) numbers, there are nw mre than 1800 giant pandas that live in the wild.
【答案】their
【详解】考查代词。句意：经过多年的努力来增加它们的数量，现在有1800多只大熊猫生活在野外。修饰名词numbers应用形容词性物主代词their，意为“它们的”。故填their。
11．This area, with (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved fr all peple f the natin t enjy as a natinal park.
【答案】its
【详解】考查代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特而令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园得到很好的保护，供全国所有人民享用。分析句子可知，此处作名词的定语，应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
12．If yur heart breaks like (I) at the thught f ur irreplaceable heritage being lst frever, please take actin.
【答案】mine
【详解】考查代词。句意：如果一想到我们不可替代的遗产将永远失去，你的心就像我的心一样破碎，请采取行动。根据“yur heart breaks like”可知，句中要表达“你的心和我的心一样破碎”，故空处应填名词性物主代词mine“我的”作宾语。故填mine。
13．Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed (they) wn ecsystem.
【答案】their
【解析】考查物主代词。句意：渐渐地，这些不同种类的生命相互适应，形成了自己的生态系统。空处作定语，修饰名词短语“wn ecsystem”，故应用形容词性物主代词their，表示“它们的”。故填their。
14．Mst trains perate just nce a day and sme run nly three times a week, s missing (yu) can be a disaster.
【答案】yurs
【解析】考查代词。句意：大多数火车每天只运行一次，有些火车每周只运行三次，所以错过你的火车可能会是一场灾难。设空处作missing的宾语, 表示“你的火车”，故填名词性物主代词yurs，相当于yur train。故填yurs。
15．In the Digital Age, we’re used t having what we need immediately and right at (we) fingertips.
【答案】ur
【解析】考查物主代词。句意：在数字时代，我们习惯于随时随地得到我们需要的东西。固定短语 at ne’s fingertips意为“在某人手边， 随时可用”，应使用形容词性物主代词ur，作定语。 故填ur。
考向03 不定代词和指示代词的用法
1．Peple shared their fd, ice, and gasline. Peple wh still had pwer pened their hmes t wh had nne.
【答案】thse
【详解】考查代词。句意：那些还有电的人会向那些没有电的人敞开家门。根据下文的“wh had nne”可知，指的是没有电的那些人，用代词thse。故填thse。
2．But Jhan Stenevad, my hst at Lapland Guesthuse, shwed me else. One day, n a snwmbile path lined with tall trees n bth sides, he turned ff his engine and asked me what I saw. “Trees,” I answered. “A frest.”
【答案】smething
【详解】考查代词。句意：但我在拉普兰宾馆的主人Jhan Stenevad向我展示了其他东西。一天，在一个路两旁大树成排的摩托雪橇路上，他突然关掉引擎，问我看到了什么。“树，”我回答道。“一片森林”。结合句意表示“其他东西”短语为smething else。故填smething。
3．We all knw it is quite cmmn nw that many teenagers, especially frm ne-child families, like t make net friends and spend lts f time chatting with them because they need smene t talk with and share their srrw and happiness.
【答案】thse
【详解】考查代词。句意：我们都知道，现在很多青少年，特别是独生子女家庭的青少年，喜欢结交网友，花很多时间和他们聊天，因为他们需要有人聊天，分享他们的悲伤和快乐。根据句子成分分析可知，本空应该填入一名词性成分，作为同位语结构“especially ______ frm ne-child families”的中心词，因此考虑填入代词，代指children(frm ne-child families)，用thse较为合适。故填thse。
4．When my siblings and I were grwing up, I always sensed smething was missing in my life, fundamental t my very identity, t wh I was and where I came frm.
【答案】smething
【详解】考查不定代词。句意：在我和我的兄弟姐妹成长的过程中，我总是感觉到我的生活中缺少了一些东西，一些对我的身份、我是谁、我来自哪里至关重要的东西。结合句意可知，空处应填不定代词smething，作同位语，对前文的smething进行解释说明。故填smething。
5．New laws are made as new situatins develp such as created by advances in technlgy r changes in scietal attitudes.
【答案】thse
【详解】考查代词。句意：新法律是随着新情况的发展而制定的，例如那些由于技术进步或社会态度的变化而产生的新情况。空处作such as的宾语，是对“新情况”的举例说明，指代前面提到的new situatins，new situatins为可数名词复数，应用指示代词thse指代。故填thse。
6．Wh knws, perhaps sme f the mre frward-lking (ne) may yet cme ut with a whle range f “just fr yu” pack sizes with special ffers as well.
【答案】nes
【详解】考查代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。代词ne意为“一个人”，在sme f后应用复数形式。故填nes。
7．Mr Zhang gave the textbks t all the pupils except wh had already taken them.
【答案】thse
【详解】考查代词。句意：除了那些已经拿过课本的学生外，张先生把课本发给了所有的学生。结合句意可知，此处指代pupils，为可数名词复数，结合空后为wh引导的定语从句可知，此处应为特指，应用thse。故填thse。
8．Travel prtal Trip.cm Grup said that as f Aug 17 searches fr grup turs t Japan exceeded fr Thailand and Singapre — traditinal tp chices fr Chinese travelers.
【答案】thse
【详解】考查代词。句意：旅游门户网站携程网表示，截至8月17日，日本组团游的搜索量超过了泰国和新加坡，而泰国和新加坡是中国游客的传统首选。分析句子可知，空处作exceeded的宾语，为了避免重复，应用代词指代前面提到的searches，searches是可数名词的复数形式，且特指“泰国和新加坡的搜索量”，应用指示代词thse。故填thse。
9．Mst f the parents think their appraches t raising children different frm f their parents．
【答案】thse
【详解】考查代词。句意：大多数父母认为他们抚养孩子的方法与他们父母的不同。为避免重复，代指前文出现的appraches应用thse。根据句意，故填thse。
10．One f the mst imprtant questins they had t cnsider was f public health.
【答案】that
【详解】考查代词。句意：他们必须考虑的最重要的问题之一是公共卫生问题。此处指上文提到的“问题”中的“公共问题”，为同类异物的特指，应用that。故填that。
11．Millins f turists travel t UNESCO Wrld Heritage Sites every year, s it is nly natural the sites suffer a bit f wear and tear.
【答案】that
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：每年都有数以百万计的游客前往联合国教科文组织世界遗产，因此这些遗址遭受一些磨损是很自然的。it为形式主语，空处引导名词性从句作真正的主语，主语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词，it is natural that…表示“……很自然”。故填that。
考向03 it的用法
1． is said that dgs aviding the beach may be a sign that a tsunami is appraching.
【答案】It
【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：据说，狗避开海滩可能是海啸即将来临的征兆。that dgs aviding the beach may be a sign that a tsunami is appraching是真正的主语，所以空处应用it作形式主语，位于句首，首字母大写，It is said that是固定句型，意为“据说”。故填It。
2.We have a lt f mdern equipment, making cnvenient fr us students t learn every subject.
【答案】it
【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：我们有很多现代化的设备，方便我们学生学习每一门学科。此处为“make it+形容词+fr sb. t d sth.”结构，所以此处应为it作形式宾语，形容词作宾补。故填it。
3．I tk fr granted that he wuld negtiate with me abut what t d next, but he didn’t.
【答案】it
【解析】考查it作形式宾语。句意：我想当然地认为他会和我商量下一步该怎么做，但他没有。由句意及空后的fr granted that可知应填不定代词it，take it fr granted that...意为“认为……理所当然”，it作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语，故填it。
4. Dn’t wrry. Yu can depend n____________ that he’ll turn up in time.
【答案】it
【详解】考查代词。句意：别担心。你可以相信他会及时出现的。depend n it that...意为“相信……，依靠……”，为固定句型，it作形式宾语，that引导宾语从句。故填it。
5. ____________never ccurred t him t turn t anyne fr help when he failed in ding business.
【答案】It
【详解】考查代词。句意：他做生意失败时，从未想过要向任何人求助。it ccurs/ccurred t sb. t d sth.为固定句型，意为“某人想到做某事”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式，句首单词，首字母大写。故填It。
6. Hwever, park enthusiasts frm all ver China and even verseas have spntaneusly made 4 their gathering cmmunity.
【答案】it
【解析】考查代词。句意：然而，来自全国甚至海外的公园爱好者自愿将其作为他们的聚集地。根据上下文可知，此处指代把这个兴趣小组作为一个聚集地。用代词it作宾语，故填it。
That made 8 the wrld’s tp-grssing mvie directed by a sl female until it was vertaken by “Barbie” last year.
【答案】It
【详解】考查代词。句意：这使它成为世界上由单人女性导演执导的电影中票房最高的电影，直到去年才被《芭比》超越。此处需要用代词代替前面提到的“Hi, Mm”这部电影，而it指代单数名词。故填it。
题型一 阅读理解
A
（2025·山东济南·一模）Wildlife phtgrapher Ing Arndt discvered his first enrmus ant mund (蚁丘) as a child explring the frest with his father near their hme almst 50 years ag. They were bird-watching and came arund a bend in a thickly wded area when there it was: a five-ft-tall mund, standing upward like a large stalagmite (石笋). Arndt wanted t investigate mre clsely, but a very particular smell suggested he rethink that. The air felt thick and sharp, discmfrting his nse. “All my life,” he says, “I culd remember the smell.”
Several years later, Arndt mved t the cuntryside. He cntinued his fascinatin with the munds and their armies f tiny engineers. Outfitted with a high-reslutin camera, he began phtgraphing the munds and sharing his imagery with researchers fr a scientific perspective. It turned ut the mund makers were indeed special. They were red wd ants — ne f the smallest f all s-called keystne species. Keystne species such as elephants and sharks are watched clsely because their behavirs affect s many aspects f the ecsystem that if they disappeared, it wuld struggle t adapt. Researchers als explained the smell frm the mund. As the insects build a nest, they generate frmic acid (蚁酸), the rigin f the smell, which helps t fight against enemies.
But in recent decades, the ppulatin f ants has been declining as the frests have fallen victim t lgging, urbanizatin, and wildfires, as well as drught and higher temperatures that have becme mre frequent with climate change. This has led several cuntries acrss the ants’ range, including Germany, t enlist them as a prtected species by law.
Tday Arndt’s phts put n display that as scial insects, these small ants nt nly frm cmplex scieties, but they als chabitate with a wide variety f species, creating a mass f cexisting relatinships acrss a variety f plant and animal species. They are als a reminder that by prtecting these unnticed creatures, we are actually prtecting urselves.
1．Hw was Arndt’s first encunter with the ant mund?
A．It reminded him f a bad experience.B．It left him an unfrgettable memry.
C．It arused his enthusiasm fr nature.D．It inspired him t prtect the frests.
2．What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．The wded area.B．The mund maker.
C．The keystne species.D．The entire ecsystem.
3．What cntributed t the decrease in the number f ants?
A．Their wrsened habitats.B．Their changing behavir.
C．Their severe cmpetitin.D．Their limited ppulatin.
4．What is the text mainly intended t tell us?
A．Massive lives exist n earth.B．Tiny species cunt in nature.
C．Scial creatures live in grups.D．Little ants are master architects.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过Arndt的经历和对红木蚁的研究，强调了这些微小物种在自然界中的重要性，尤其是它们对生态系统的影响。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Arndt wanted t investigate mre clsely, but a very particular smell suggested he rethink that. The air felt thick and sharp, discmfrting his nse. “All my life,” he says, “I culd remember the smell.”(Arndt想更仔细地调查，但一种非常特殊的气味让他重新考虑。空气中味道浓厚，使他的鼻子感到不舒服。“在我的一生中，”他说，“我都记得那种味道。”)”可知，Arndt对蚁丘的气味留下了深刻的印象，这段经历给他留下了难忘的记忆。故选B项。
2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Keystne species such as elephants and sharks are watched clsely because their behavirs affect s many aspects f the ecsystem that if they disappeared, it wuld struggle t adapt.(大象和鲨鱼等关键物种受到密切关注，因为它们的行为会影响生态系统的许多方面，如果它们消失，it将难以适应)”可知，大象和鲨鱼等关键物种的行为影响生态系统的许多方面，如果它们消失，整个生态系统将会很难适应，所以，划线代词it指的是上文提到的生态系统。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“But in recent decades, the ppulatin f ants has been declining as the frests have fallen victim t lgging, urbanizatin, and wildfires, as well as drught and higher temperatures that have becme mre frequent with climate change.(但近几十年来，由于森林受到伐木、城市化、野火以及干旱和高温的影响，蚂蚁的数量一直在下降，而干旱和高温随着气候变化而变得更加频繁)”可知，蚂蚁数量的减少是由于森林砍伐、城市化、野火、干旱和气温升高等因素导致的栖息地恶化。故选A项。
4．推理判断题。全文通过Arndt的经历和对红木蚁的研究，强调了这些微小物种在自然界中的重要性，尤其是它们对生态系统的影响。最后一段提到“They are als a reminder that by prtecting these unnticed creatures, we are actually prtecting urselves.(它们也提醒我们，通过保护这些不被注意的生物，我们实际上是在保护自己。)”进一步点明了保护微小物种的意义。故选B项。
B
（2025·湖南·一模）D yu want a bit f an adventure? Wuld yu like t discver all the crners f the UK, r travel abrad? Maybe yu have never tried the mtrhme (房车) lifestyle befre. Well, read this article and yu will knw why a mtrhme is a gd chice.
Nthing is better than a mtrhme. It has s many uses and it is als very cmfrtable. If yu are thinking abut hiring (租用) a mtrhme this summer, then the best advice is t bk it early, especially if yu are cnsidering the schl hlidays. The mtrhme hire service is very seasnal and mtrhme hire cmpanies will never have extra vehicles available in the summer mnths.
There are a lt f cmpanies thrughut the UK, and sme f the big nes have mtrhmes spread all ver the cuntry. At present, the largest netwrk fr mtrhme hire is prvided by Mtrhme which is based in Cambridge. If yu are in the UK, yu may phne 0800-612-8719 fr details f its mtrhme hire infrmatin. Mtrhme has a netwrk f ver 500 vehicles all ver England, Sctland and Wales.
Mst peple wishing t hire a mtrhme are families that are lking fr an alternative (替代品) t a Eurpean package hliday, especially as flying nw has becme mre expensive, and is cnsidered t be envirnmentally unfriendly. There is n dubt that the idea f n-flying hlidays is ging t becme mre ppular as fewer peple think it is safe t fly. This explains why mre and mre peple are chsing t hire a mtrhme fr their hlidays.
3．What des the underlined wrd “It” refer t?
A．A bk.B．A plane.C．A mtrhme.D．A huse.
4．Why shuld yu bk a mtrhme early if yu want t bk ne fr this summer?
A．Bking early is much cheaper.B．Summer is usually a very busy seasn.
C．Yu can arrange yur time better this way.D．Students usually bk them t earn mney.
5．The last paragraph tells us the advantages f hiring a mtrhme by ______.
A．telling us a stryB．giving detailed data
C．cmparing it with flyingD．shwing the results f a study
6．This passage is written t explain why it is a gd idea t ______.
A．take an adventureB．travel t EnglandC．try a new lifestyleD．hire a mtrhme
【答案】3．C 4．B 5．C 6．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在英国租赁房车的相关信息，包括房车的优点、租赁的注意事项，以及与飞行度假相比，租赁房车度假更受欢迎的原因。
3．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Nthing is better than a mtrhme. It has s many uses and it is als very cmfrtable.(没有什么比房车更好的了。它有很多用途，而且也非常舒适)”可知，这里的 “It” 指代的是前一句提到的 “a mtrhme”。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段 “If yu are thinking abut hiring (租用) a mtrhme this summer, then the best advice is t bk it early, especially if yu are cnsidering the schl hlidays. The mtrhme hire service is very seasnal and mtrhme hire cmpanies will never have extra vehicles available in the summer mnths.(如果你今年夏天考虑租用一辆房车，那么最好的建议是尽早预订，特别是如果你考虑在学校假期期间租用。房车租赁服务非常具有季节性，房车租赁公司在夏季几个月里永远不会有额外的车辆可供使用)”可知，因为夏季是房车租赁的旺季，车辆紧张，所以要尽早预订。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据第四段“Mst peple wishing t hire a mtrhme are families that are lking fr an alternative (替代品) t a Eurpean package hliday, especially as flying nw has becme mre expensive, and is cnsidered t be envirnmentally unfriendly. There is n dubt that the idea f n-flying hlidays is ging t becme mre ppular as fewer peple think it is safe t fly.(大多数希望租用房车的人是那些正在寻找欧洲跟团游替代品的家庭，特别是因为现在坐飞机变得更贵了，而且被认为对环境不友好。毫无疑问，随着越来越少的人认为坐飞机安全，无飞行假期的想法将变得更受欢迎)”可知，最后一段通过将租赁房车度假与飞行度假进行比较，说明了租赁房车度假的优势。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据第一段“Well, read this article and yu will knw why a mtrhme is a gd chice.(好吧，读这篇文章，你就会知道为什么房车是一个不错的选择)”以及全文内容，主要围绕房车的优点、租赁注意事项以及与其他度假方式的比较等方面，说明了租赁房车度假的好处，即这篇文章是为了解释为什么租一辆房车是个好主意。故选D。
题型二 七选五
（2024-2025学年高三下·北京第十一中学·三模）They had names such as Tm the Terrr, Dirty Face, and Bilgewater. They traveled thusands f miles n warships with histry’s saltiest sailrs. They were valued members f the crew, even issued unifrms fr phtgraphs and their wn tiny beds fr napping. They were the cats that served in the wrld’s navies.
Ship cats are nt a recent phenmenn. They have been serving n ships fr almst as lng as humans have been ging t sea. Ancient Egyptians depicted them hunting frm bats sailing dwn the Nile. 1
Cats’ hunting skills n land made them valuable cmpanins at sea. Rats and mice caused majr prblems n ships. 2 Cats were a cheap and effective slutin t these prblems — and they were als gd cmpany. On lng vyages, they culd prvide a vessel’s crew with affectin and sftness in the harsh envirnment f a ship.
Nt surprisingly, sailrs develped plenty f beliefs arund cat behavir. Seamen preparing t sail cnsidered it gd luck when cats chse t bard their vessels. 3 An even wrse men (预兆)? The sight f tw cats fighting n a pier culd be frewarning that thse setting sail wuld die.
Thugh cats are knwn fr their dislikes t water, their bilgy makes them surprisingly suited t life at sea. Unlike human sailrs wh drank lemn juice t prevent scurvy, cats can make their wn vitamin C． 4 Cats are als able t btain mst f the water they need frm their prey, s they d nt require a lt f ptable water as human sailrs d.
5 The lng run f the ship cat was ended by stricter internatinal quarantine laws impsed. Many cuntries required a lengthy quarantine perid fr disembarking cats. If lcal fficials caught ne sneaking ff a ship, the captain culd be fined r even placed under arrest.
A．But it was a dreadful sign indeed when a cat decided t jump ship.
B．Therefre, they can survive n a diet that lacks fruits and vegetables.
C．They plluted and cnsumed fd, chewed thrugh equipment, and spread disease.
D．And the cats made their way acrss the Mediterranean abard Greek trading vessels.
E．And in the UK, the cats supplied t the Ryal Navy even received a weekly allwance.
F．Since the beginning f the WWII, hwever, mst navies f the wrld have adpted a similar plicy.
G．Hwever, fllwing the end f the WWII, the special psitin that cats held n Navy ships began t decline.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．G
【来源】2025届北京市第十一中学高三下学期三模英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了历史上猫咪在世界海军中的角色、它们的海上生活适应性以及随着国际检疫法的严格最终导致它们从舰船上消失的现象。
1．上文“Ancient Egyptians depicted them hunting frm bats sailing dwn the Nile. (古埃及人描绘了他们在尼罗河上乘船捕猎的情景。)”说明猫在古埃及就已经与船有了联系，空处需延续猫随人类航海的历史。D选项“And the cats made their way acrss the Mediterranean abard Greek trading vessels. (猫乘坐希腊商船穿越了地中海。)”承接上文，进一步说明猫在不同文明中的航海历程，逻辑连贯。故选D。
2．上文“Rats and mice caused majr prblems n ships. (老鼠在船上造成了严重的问题。)”说明船上老鼠的问题很严重，空处需具体说明问题内容。C选项“They plluted and cnsumed fd, chewed thrugh equipment, and spread disease. (它们污染并消耗食物，啃咬设备，传播疾病。)”具体描述了老鼠在船上所造成的问题，与上文相呼应。故选C。
3．上文“Seamen preparing t sail cnsidered it gd luck when cats chse t bard their vessels. (准备出航的水手们认为，当猫选择登上他们的船时，这是好运的象征。)”说明猫上船被视为好运，下文“An even wrse men (预兆)? The sight f tw cats fighting n a pier culd be frewarning that thse setting sail wuld die. (更糟糕的预兆是什么呢？看到两只猫在码头上打架可能预示着那些即将启航的人会遭遇不幸。)”列举更糟糕的预兆。A选项“But it was a dreadful sign indeed when a cat decided t jump ship. (但是，当一只猫决定跳船时，这确实是一个可怕的征兆。)”与上文形成对比，引出相反的预兆，“dreadful sign”与下文“wrse men”呼应。故选A。
4．上文“Unlike human sailrs wh drank lemn juice t prevent scurvy, cats can make their wn vitamin C. (与喝柠檬汁以防止坏血病的人类水手不同，猫可以自己制造维生素C。)”说明猫有自我调节的能力。B选项“Therefre, they can survive n a diet that lacks fruits and vegetables. (因此，它们可以在缺乏水果和蔬菜的饮食中生存。)”是上文的结果，逻辑上构成因果关系，解释猫适应海上饮食的原因。故选B。
5．下文“The lng run f the ship cat was ended by stricter internatinal quarantine laws impsed. (由于实施了更严格的国际检疫法，船猫的长期存在结束了。)”说明严格的国际检疫法终结了船猫的时代，空处需引出船猫地位的转折。G选项“Hwever, fllwing the end f the WWII, the special psitin that cats held n Navy ships began t decline. (然而，在二战结束后，猫在海军舰艇上的特殊地位开始下降。)”概括了下文的内容，并且与上文提到的船猫的历史地位形成对比。故选G。
题型三 语法填空
A
（2025·浙江·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last week, the Taklimakan Desert. knwn as the “Sea f Death,” was cmpletely encircled with a sand-blcking green belt f vegetatin (植被) 1 (stretch) 1,046 km.
This prject is clsely watched and viewed by the internatinal cmmunity 2 a green “Great Wall” that helps tackle desertificatin, greatly cntributes t higher glbal frest cverage, and 3 (respnd) t the challenges f climate change.
On Thursday mrning, several desert-tlerant plant species, including desert pplar and red willw, 4 (plant) n sandy land in Yutian Cunty n the suthern edge f the desert, marking the cmpletin f the final stretch f the green belt.
The Taklimakan, 5 circumference (圆周) measures 3,046 km, cvers 337,600 km2, making 6 the largest desert in China and the secnd-largest shifting desert in the wrld. It has taken mre than 40 years t 7 (full) enclse the desert with a green belt. By the end f 2023, the prject was nearly cmpleted, leaving nly the final, mst challenging sectin, apprximately 285 km in 8 (lng), which faces the mst severe wind and sand threats. Since 2024, Xinjiang 9 (take) targeted and scientific measures t clse this gap. Alngside the green belt, effrts have been made 10 (prmte) the develpment f sand industries t benefit lcal residents.
【答案】1．stretching 2．as 3．respnds 4．were planted 5．whse 6．it 7．fully 8．length 9．has taken 10．t prmte
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了塔克拉玛干沙漠周边完成植树造林防沙绿化带建设情况。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：上周，被称为“死亡之海”的塔克拉玛干沙漠被一条长1046公里的防沙绿化带完全包围。此处为with的复合结构，stretch“延伸”与green belt f vegetatin构成主动关系，故用现在分词，作宾补。故填stretching。
2．考查介词。句意：该项目受到国际社会的密切关注，被视为一条绿色“长城”，有助于解决荒漠化问题，大大提高了全球森林覆盖率，并应对气候变化的挑战。短语be viewed as表示“被视为”。故填as。
3．考查时态。句意同上。that引导的定语从句中，本空与helps和cntributes并列作谓语，时态用一般现在时，主语为This prject，谓语用respnd“作出反应”的第三人称单数形式。故填respnds。
4．考查动词语态。句意：周四上午，在沙漠南缘的于田县沙地上种植了包括胡杨和红柳在内的几种耐旱植物，标志着绿化带最后一段的完工。根据On Thursday mrning可知，本句描述过去的动作，时态为一般过去时，主语several desert-tlerant plant species与plant“种植”为被动关系，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were planted。
5．考查定语从句。句意：塔克拉玛干沙漠周长3046公里，面积337600平方公里，是中国最大的沙漠，也是世界第二大流动沙漠。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The Taklimakan，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，故用关系代词whse。故填whse。
6．考查代词。句意同上。此处指代The Taklimakan，在句中作宾语，应用代词it。故填it。
7．考查副词。句意：用绿化带完全包围沙漠花了40多年的时间。修饰动词enclse，应用副词fully“完全地”，作状语。故填fully。
8．考查名词。句意：截至2023年底，该项目已接近完成，只剩下最后一段最具挑战性的路段，长约285公里，面临着最严重的风沙威胁。此处作介词in的宾语，应用名词length“长度”。故填length。
9．考查时态。句意：自2024年以来，新疆已采取有针对性的科学措施来填补这一空白。take measures“采取措施”。根据上文Since 2024，take这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语Xinjiang是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has taken。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了绿化带，还努力促进沙产业的发展，以造福当地居民。本句谓语为have been made，此处为非谓语动词，作目的状语，应用prmte“促进”的不定式。故填t prmte。
B
（2025·湖北襄阳·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Pet Su Shi
Su Shi, (1037-1101) ne f the mst ppular classical Chinese pets, came frm a literary family: his father and brther were bth great pets in their wn rights. At the age f 19, Su Shi passed the civil service examinatin, 11 was a gateway t a plitical career. Then he tk n 12 (variety) gvernmental psitins, including 13 (serve) as the magistrate f Mizhu and the gvernr f Xuzhu. Hwever, because f his ppsitin t radical refrm measures, he was repeatedly demted.
Su Shi’s first remte trip f exile was t Huangzhu, Hubei Prvince, where he ften wandered alng the rivers and in the muntains. 14 was here that he wrte many f his best pems, such as Reflectins n the Ancient Red Cliff-T the Tune f Nian Nu Jia (《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》). In this pem, he expressed his 15 (admire) fr sme heric figures, and described his aspiratins and srrws. The pem 16 (remain) s ppular that nearly every Chinese student can recite it: The Great River flws, eastward waves sweeping away, fr thusands f years, heric figures...
17 his hard life, Su Shi’s wrks shw a spirit f cnfidence and ptimism. His pems make peple feel 18 (encurage), reminding them that even during the hardest f times, there is always rm fr hpe. Even tday, Su Shi’s pems still have 19 enrmus influence n Chinese peple. They can always 20 (hear) in classrms all ver China, and seen quted in the wrks f many Chinese schlars.
【答案】11．which 12．varius 13．serving 14．It 15．admiratin 16．remains 17．Despite 18．encuraged 19．an 20．be heard
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了中国宋代著名诗人苏轼的生平经历、文学成就及其作品的深远影响，包括他的仕途起伏、在黄州的创作以及诗歌中展现的乐观精神。
11．考查定语从句。句意：19岁时，苏轼通过了科举考试，这是通往仕途的大门。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为the civil service examinatin，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
12．考查形容词。句意：随后他担任了各种政府职位，包括密州知州和徐州知州。此处修饰名词psitins，用形容词作定语，vary的形容词为varius意为“各种各样的”。故填varius。
13．
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处作including的宾语，根据include ding sth.意为“包括做某事”可知，此处用动名词serving。故填serving。
14．考查强调句。句意：正是在这里，他写下了许多最优秀的诗篇，如《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》。此处为强调句结构“It is/was +被强调部分+that+其他”，句首单词首字母大写。故填It。
15．考查名词。句意：在这首诗中，他表达了对一些英雄人物的敬仰，并描述了自己的抱负和悲伤。此处作expressed的宾语，用名词形式，admire的名词为admiratin意为“敬仰”，为不可数名词。故填admiratin。
16．考查动词时态。句意：这首诗至今仍广受欢迎，几乎每个中国学生都能背诵：“大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物……”。此处为谓语动词，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The pem为第三人称单数。故填remains。
17．考查介词。句意：尽管生活艰难，苏轼的作品却展现出自信和乐观的精神。根据句意，上下文之间为让步关系，此处表示“尽管”，用介词despite，后接名词短语his hard life，句首单词首字母大写。故填Despite。
18．考查形容词作表语。句意：他的诗让人们感到受鼓舞，提醒他们即使在最艰难的时刻，也总有希望的空间。此处作feel的表语，修饰人，用encurage的过去分词转化的形容词encuraged意为“受鼓舞的”符合句意。故填encuraged。
19．考查冠词。句意：即使在今天，苏轼的诗歌仍然对中国人产生巨大的影响。influence为可数名词单数，表泛指“一种巨大的影响”，且enrmus以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
20．考查动词语态。句意：在中国各地的教室里总能听到它们，也能在许多中国学者的作品中看到它们的引用。此处为谓语动词，they（指代pems）与hear为被动关系，且位于情态动词can后，用含有情态动词的被动语态can be heard。故填be heard。
C
（2025·广西·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Even as temperatures kept drpping in China’s nrtheastern “ice city” f Harbin, excitement rse amng a grup f swimmers wh enjy jumping int 21 (freeze) waters.
The daily event, knwn as ice swimming, is 22 winter traditin in Harbin. Swimmers train daily thrughut the year 23 (get) their bdies ready fr the unusual swim.
One f the swimmers was Chen Xia. She came frm Zhejiang prvince abut 1,700 kilmetres further suth. She decided t jump int the river even thugh she had a cld. Chen said in the city 24 she lives, the winter waters are warmer than thse in Harbin. She said the experience strengthened her 25 (cnfident) in winter swimming. She has been taking part in the activity fr abut 20 years.
Yu Xiafeng lives in Harbin, a city that 26 (sit) near the brder with Russia. The 61-year-ld said winter swimming in the city dates back 27 the 1970s. At that time, lcals saw Russian Orthdx religius (宗教的) believers being baptized (给……施洗礼) in the river. Later in 1983, an fficial winter swimming grup 28 (establish) in Harbin.
The city als hlds an nging winter celebratin knwn fr 29 (it) huge, detailed ice and snw sculptures. Winter swimming is cnsidered a sprt in China. But it gained ppularity much 30 (fast) in Harbin than in ther parts f the cuntry. Tday, Yu said the city is cnsidered a “hly land” fr winter swimming.
【答案】
21．freezing 22．a 23．t get 24．where 25．cnfidence 26．sits 27．t 28．was established 29．its 30．faster
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国东北“冰城”哈尔滨的冬泳传统。
21．考查形容词。句意：即使中国东北“冰城”哈尔滨的气温持续下降，一群喜欢跳入冰冷水中的游泳者的热情却在高涨。修饰名词waters要用形容词，freeze的形容词形式freezing，表示“极冷的，冰冻的”。故填freezing。
22．考查冠词。句意：这项名为冰泳的日常活动是哈尔滨的一个冬季传统。可数名词traditin在句中泛指“一个冬季传统”，且winter发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：游泳者全年每天都进行训练，以使他们的身体为这种不寻常的游泳做好准备。“(get) their bdies ready fr the unusual swim”是“train daily thrughut the year”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填t get。
24．考查定语从句。句意：陈说在她居住的城市，冬季的水温比哈尔滨的水温要高。“____ she lives”是定语从句，修饰先行词the city，关系词指代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
25．考查名词。句意：她说这次经历增强了她冬泳的信心。提示词作宾语，用名词，cnfident的名词形式是cnfidence，意为“信心”，不可数名词。故填cnfidence。
26．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：于晓峰住在哈尔滨，这座城市坐落在中国与俄罗斯边境附近这座城市。sit(坐落在)是定语从句中谓语动词，句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，that指代先行词a city作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。故填sits。
27．考查介词。句意：这位61岁的老人说，这座城市的冬泳可以追溯到20世纪70年代。date back t是固定短语，意为“追溯到”。故填t。
28．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：后来在1983年，哈尔滨成立了一个官方的冬泳团体。establish(建立，设立)是谓语动词，与主语an fficial winter swimming grup之间是动宾关系，结合时间状语“Later in 1983”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was established。
29．考查代词。句意：这座城市还举办了一场正在进行的冬季庆典，以其巨大、精致的冰雪雕塑而闻名。提示词修饰名词短语huge, detailed ice and snw sculptures，用形容词性物主代词its作定语。故填its。
30．考查副词比较级。句意：但冬泳在哈尔滨比在该国其他地区更受欢迎。提示词修饰动词gained，根据句意和介词“than”可知，此处要用比较级，用fast的比较级faster作状语。故填faster。
1. (2024浙江1月卷)Wh knws, perhaps sme f the mre frward-lking 65 (ne) may yet cme ut with a whle range f “just fr yu” pack sizes with special ffers as well.
【答案】nes
【解析】考查代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。代词ne意为“一个人”，在sme f后应用复数形式。故填nes。
2.（2023新高考I卷） Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them t be lifted ut f the steamer basket withut allwing them tearing r spilling any f 42 (they) cntents.
【答案】 their。
解析：考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词cntents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
3.（2022全国乙卷）The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was fficially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremny, pening ____________ (it)first exhibitin: The Avenue f Truth—A Special Exhibitin f Pu’er Tea.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibitin前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
4.（2021新高考I卷）As the sng ges, this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitr’s memry. It sure des in ____________ (I). While yu’re in China, Munt Huangshan is a must t
【答案】mine
【解析】考查代词。上文提到“in the visitr’s memry”，此处相当于“in my memry”，所以用mine代替my memry。
5.（2021全国乙卷）Ecturism has ____________ (it) rigin with the envirnmental mvement f the 1970s. It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept until the late 1980s.
【答案】 its
【解析】句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词rigin可知，此处形容词性物主代词来修饰名词rigin。故填its。
6.（2021浙江卷）She was extremely pretty, and her huse was a reflectin f ____________ (she), everything in gd taste and in perfect rder.
【答案】herself
【解析】考查代词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，此处意为“她自己”，可知此处考查反身代词；提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。
7.（2020新高考卷）As well as lking at exhibits, visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins (模拟) and imagine ____________ (they) living at a different time in histry r walking thrugh a rainfrest.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitrs，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
8.（2020全国I卷）Data abut the mn’s cmpsitin, such as hw much ice and ther treasures it cntains, culd help China decide whether ____________ (it) plans fr a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
9. (2018·全国Ⅲ卷)When the grillas and I frightened each ther, I was just glad t find ________(they) alive.
【答案】them
【解析】考查代词。句意：当这些大猩猩和我相互感到害怕时，我非常高兴地发现他们活着。这里作动词find的宾语。故填them。
10. (2018浙江6月卷) Many westerners wh cme t China ck much less than in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap ____________can be t eat ut.
【答案】 it
【解析】考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be hw cheap t eat ut.其中不定式t eat ut是真正主语，it是形式主语。故填it。