北京专用2025_2026学年高二英语上学期期中模拟卷试题02含解析

这是一份北京专用2025_2026学年高二英语上学期期中模拟卷试题02含解析，共9页。试卷主要包含了难度系数等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考生注意：
1．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定
的位置上。
2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答
一律无效。
3．难度系数：0.65。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分)
第一节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1. 5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
When I picked up my sn frm preschl ne recent summer afternn, he lked dirty frm head t te. He
tld me hw he and his classmates played in the nearby frest. It was a ht day, s they tk ff their 1 t dip
(把……伸入) their tes in the river. He excitedly described t me the 2 feeling f the cl river water.
This isn’t a typical (典型的) preschl; it’s a frest schl. A large part f my sn’s schl day takes place
acrss 1,000 square metres f frest and wetlands.
Tday’s kids are under a lt f stress. It is believed that the path t a “gd” cllege 3 as early as
preschl. Even fur-year-lds are required t read and memrize new wrds every day. Children are spending less and
less time utdrs. This trend has caused many 4 , such as an increase in besity (肥胖) amng children.
Mre and mre parents have realized the imprtance f 5 play. The past few years have seen an
increasing interest in frest schls. The number f frest schls in the U.S. has 6 frm 20 in 2008 t 250.
7 children in traditinal schls, frest schl kids spend their day investigating ant hills, jumping in mud r even
climbing tall trees. There are n direct instructins.
Are frest schls really better fr tday’s children than traditinal preschls? The answer largely depends n
8 yu ask. Persnally, I am in favur f frest schls. My sn has been mre active since he started t attend. He
has learned hw t deal with small dangers. Mst 9 , my sn lks frward t ging t schl every day.
D yu spend mst f yur time studying indrs? Remember t thrw yurself int the arms f 10
frm time t time!
1．A．hats B．shirts C．shes D．sunglasses
2．A．frightening B．similar C．warm D．wnderful
3．A．begins B．cvers C．divides D．disappears
4．A．accidents B．fights C．prblems D．uncertainties
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5．A．cmpetitive B．friendly C．nline D．utdr
6．A．dubled B．drpped C．grwn D．varied
7．A．Amng B．Like C．Unlike D．Withut
8．A．hw B．when C．wh D．why
9．A．directly B．imprtantly C．likely D．terribly
10．A．classmates B．family C．nature D．strangers
【答案】
1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者儿子所在的森林幼儿园的情况，这种别具特色的森林学校，
在如今孩子学业压力大、户外活动时间减少的背景下，应运而生。它打破了传统的教育模式，为孩子们带来全
新的学习体验，表达了作者对森林学校的支持，并呼吁人们多亲近自然。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：天气很热，所以他们脱下鞋子，把脚趾浸入河里。A. hats帽子；B. shirts衬衫；
C. shes鞋子；D. sunglasses太阳镜。根据下文的“t dip (把……伸入) their tes in the river”和常识可知，把脚趾
伸入河中，需要先脱掉“鞋子”。故选C项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他兴奋地向我描述清凉河水带来的美妙感觉。A. frightening令人害怕的；B.
similar相似的；C. warm温暖的；D. wnderful美妙的，极好的。根据上文的“He excitedly described t me”可知，
儿子很兴奋地描述，所以河水给他的感觉应是“美妙的”。故选D项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们认为，通往“好”大学的道路早在幼儿园就开始了。A. begins开始；B. cvers
覆盖；C. divides分开；D. disappears消失。根据下文的“as early as preschl”可知，此处表示通往“好”大学的道
路从幼儿园“开始”。故选A项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一趋势造成了很多问题，比如儿童肥胖率的上升。A. accidents事故；B. fights
打架；C. prblems问题；D. uncertainties不确定。根据下文的“such as an increase in besity (肥胖) amng children”
可知，儿童肥胖率的上升是一种负面结果，属于“问题”的范畴。故选C项。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的家长已经意识到户外玩耍的重要性。A. cmpetitive有竞争力的；
B. friendly友好的；C. nline在线的；D. utdr户外的。根据上文的“Children are spending less and less time
utdrs.”以及下文的“The past few years have seen an increasing interest in frest schls.”可知，孩子们户外活动
时间减少，森林学校受到越来越多的关注，所以此处指的是家长意识到“户外”玩耍的重要性。故选D项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国的森林学校数量从2008年的20所增长到了250所。A. dubled加倍；B.
drpped下降；C. grwn增加，增长；D. varied变化。根据下文的“frm 20 in 2008 t 250”可知，森林学校的数量
大幅“增加，增长”。故选C项。
7．考查介词词义辨析。句意：与传统学校的孩子不同，森林学校的孩子整天都在研究蚁丘、跳泥坑，甚至爬
大树。A. Amng在……中；B. Like像；C. Unlike不像；D. Withut没有。根据上文的“Even fur-year-lds are
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required t read and memrize new wrds every day. Children are spending less and less time utdrs.”和下文的
“frest schl kids spend their day investigating ant hills, jumping in mud r even climbing tall trees”可知，此处是在
将森林学校与传统学校进行对比，指的是森林学校的孩子与传统学校的孩子“不同”。故选C项。
8．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：答案很大程度上取决于你问谁。A. hw如何；B. when何时；C. wh谁；D.
why为什么。根据上文的问题“Are frest schls really better fr tday’s children than traditinal preschls?”以及
下文的回答“Persnally, I am in favur f frest schls.”可知，作者个人支持森林学校，但不同的人可能有不同
的答案，这取决于问“谁”。故选C项。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我儿子每天都盼着上学。A. directly直接地；B. imprtantly重要地；
C. likely可能地；D. terribly可怕地。根据上文的“My sn has been mre active since he started t attend. He has
learned hw t deal with small dangers.”和下文的“my sn lks frward t ging t schl every day”可知，作者的
儿子自从上了森林学校后更活跃了，学会了如何处理小危险，而“每天都盼着上学”是更核心的结果，所以此处
指的是“最重要的是”。故选B项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：记得时不时地投入大自然的怀抱！A. classmates同学；B. family家庭；C. nature
自然；D. strangers陌生人。根据上文的“D yu spend mst f yur time studying indrs?”以及上文提到的森林
学校可知，此处作者是在建议不要把大部分时间花在室内学习上，要投入“大自然”的怀抱。故选C项。
第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1. 5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用
括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Many are familiar with the ptentially deadly danger caused by lightning, which is blamed fr 11
average f 43 deaths in the United States each year, based n data frm 1989 t 2018. Hwever, the researchers
recently uncvered a surprising and 12 (benefit) impact f lightning.
13 (publish) at the end f April in Science, the new study fund that lightning may play a bigger rle in glbal climate change than 14 was previusly knwn by the scientific cmmunity, “Lightning increases the
atmsphere’s ability t clean itself,” the researchers wrte in the study. 【答案】11．an 12．beneficial 13．Published 14．what
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述闪电虽每年在美国致约43人死亡，但其有有益影响，新研究发现其在全球
气候变化中作用比已知更大，能增强大气自净能力。
11．考查冠词。句意：许多人都熟悉闪电带来的潜在致命危险，根据1989年至2018年的数据，在美国，闪电平
均每年造成43人死亡。这里考查an average f，为固定搭配，意为“平均……”，符合语境。故填an。
12．考查形容词。句意：然而，研究人员最近发现了闪电一种令人惊讶且有益的影响。此处修饰名词impact，
应用形容词beneficial，意为“有益的”，符合语境。故填beneficial。
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13．考查非谓语动词。句意：4月底发表在《科学》杂志上的这项新研究发现，闪电在全球气候变化中扮演的
角色可能比科学界之前所知的更大。此空考查非谓语，publish与the new study之间为被动关系，再由语境可知，
应用过去分词形式作状语，且句首时首字母需大写，故填Published。
14．考查宾语从句。句意：4月底发表在《科学》杂志上的这项新研究发现，闪电在全球气候变化中扮演的角
色可能比科学界之前所知的更大。此处than后为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代“闪电在气候变化中扮演的
角色”这一内容，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
B
Peple arund the glbe have been murning the death f Chinese scientist Yuan Lngping, 15 lifelng
research in hybrid rice helps feed mre peple arund the wrld.
Brn in Beijing in 1930, Yuan devted his entire life 16 the study f hybrid rice. With his tireless effrts,
he finally vercame numerus difficulties and cultivated the wrld’s first hybrid rice strain in 1973, which 17
(plant) first in Hunan prvince in the fllwing year. It was the first time that a hybrid rice had been used fr farming.
【答案】15．whse 16．t 17．was planted
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述全球哀悼袁隆平逝世，他1930年生于北京，毕生研究杂交水稻，1973年培
育出首个品种，助养活更多人。
15．考查定语从句。句意：全球人民都在哀悼中国科学家袁隆平的逝世，他毕生对杂交水稻的研究帮助养活了
世界上更多的人。此空考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为Yuan Lngping，指人，在定语从句中作定语，修饰
lifelng research，应用whse引导。故填whse。
16．考查介词。句意：袁隆平1930年出生于北京，毕生致力于杂交水稻的研究。这里考查devte ne’s life t...，
为固定搭配，意为“致力于……”。故填t。
17．考查时态和语态。句意：经过他不懈的努力，他终于克服了重重困难，于1973年培育出世界上第一个杂交
水稻品种，第二年在湖南省首次种植。此空考查谓语动词，根据时间状语 in the fllwing year可知，句子应用
一般过去时，主语which（指代 hybrid rice strain）与plant之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是单数。故填
was planted。
C
An electric car has been seen taking ff and flying in a test and 18 culd change the future f travel.
Last mnth, a cmpany 19 ( fly) their vehicle, which rse straight up thrugh the air like a helicpter,
successfully cmpleting a shrt flight ver anther parked car. While there have been ther test flights invlving flying
cars in the past, this is the first time such an 20 ( invent) has been seen lifting ff vertically(垂直地).
【答案】18．it 19．flew 20．inventin
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一辆电动汽车在测试中起飞飞行，上月某公司的飞行器如直升机垂直升
空并完成短途飞行，这是此类发明首次垂直起飞，可能改变未来出行。
18．考查代词。句意：一辆电动汽车在测试中起飞和飞行，它可能会改变未来的出行方式。分析句子可知，此
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处为代词“it”指代前文提到的 “An electric car”，在句中作主语，表示“这辆电动汽车可能会改变未来的出行方
式”。故填it。
19．考查动词时态。句意：上个月，一家公司试飞了他们的飞行器，这种飞行器像直升机一样直接在空中上升，
成功地在另一辆停放的汽车上空完成了短暂的飞行。根据“Last mnth” 可知，句子时态为一般过去时，“fly”的
过去式是“flew”。故填flew。
20．考查名词。句意：虽然过去也有其他涉及飞行汽车的飞行测试，但这是第一次看到这样的发明垂直起飞。
“an”是不定冠词，后接名词单数形式，“invent”是动词，其名词形式为 “inventin”，表示“这种发明”。故填
inventin。
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38 分)
第一节 (共 14 小题;每小题 2 分，共 28 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Paris Museum Guide: Must-Visit Cultural Treasures
Planning a trip t Paris? Dn’t miss these wrld-class museums shwcasing art, histry, and innvatin.
Luvre Museum
Lcatin: Rue de Rivli, 1st Arrndissement
Highlights: Huses 400,000+ artwrks, including Da Vinci’s “Mna Lisa” and the Greek statue “Venus de Mil”.
The glass pyramid entrance designed by I. M. Pei is icnic.
Hurs: Wed-Mn 9:00 AM-6: 00 PM (clsed Tue)
Ticket: €17 (nline bking required)
Musée d’Orsay (Orsay Museum)
Lcatin: Left Bank f the Seine
Highlights: Hused in a frmer railway statin. Wrld’s largest cllectin f Impressinist masterpieces by
Mnet, Van Ggh, and Renir. The giant clck n the tp flr ffers stunning city views.
Hurs: Tue-Sun 9: 30 AM-6: 00 PM (Thu until 9: 45 PM)
Ticket: €16
Cité de l’Architecture (Museum f Architecture)
Lcatin: Palais de Chaillt, 16th Arrndissement (facing Eiffel Twer)
Highlights: Features 350+ scaled mdels f French mnuments (e.g., Gthic cathedrals) and full-size replicas f
medieval frescs.
Hurs: Wed-Mn 11: 00 AM-7: 00 PM (clsed Tue)
Ticket: €9
Musée des Arts et Métiers (Museum f Arts and Crafts)
Lcatin: 60 Rue Réaumur, 3rd Arrndissement
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Highlights: Displays 80,000+ scientific inventins, including Pascal’s first calculatr and Fucault’s Pendulum
in a medieval chapel.
Hurs: Tue-Sun 10: 00 AM-6: 00 PM (Thu until 9: 30 PM)
Ticket: €8
Musée Grévin (Wax Museum)
Lcatin: 10 Bulevard Mntmartre
Highlights: Over 200 lifelike wax figures f celebrities like Einstein and Picass. The “Hall f Mirrrs” light
shw is a crwd favrite.
Hurs: Daily 10: 00 AM-6: 00 PM
Ticket: €26 (children under 6 and students 50% ff)
Tip: The Paris Museum Pass cvers entry t all abve except Musée Grévin.
21．Which museum is hused in a frmer train statin?
A．Luvre Museum B．Musée d’Orsay
C．Musée des Arts et Métiers D．Cité de l’Architecture
22．Hw much des a student wh’d like t admire the wax figure f Einstein need t pay?
A．€17. B．€9. C．€25. D．€13.
23．What d Musée d’Orsay and Musée des Arts et Métiers have in cmmn?
A．Bth ffer night penings n Thursday. B．Bth display Impressinist paintings.
C．Bth are lcated near the Eiffel Twer. D．Bth require nline bking.
【答案】21．B 22．D 23．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是几个巴黎博物馆的相关信息。
21．细节理解题。根据Musée d’Orsay (Orsay Museum)部分“Hused in a frmer railway statin.(坐落于一座旧火
车站内)”可知，Musée d’Orsay由旧火车站改造。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据Musée Grévin (Wax Museum)部分“Over 200 lifelike wax figures f celebrities like Einstein
and Picass.(200多尊如爱因斯坦、毕加索等名人的逼真蜡像)”和“Ticket: €26 (children under 6 and students 50%
ff)(票价：26欧元（6岁以下儿童和学生5折）)”可知，想要欣赏爱因斯坦蜡像的学生需要支付的钱是
26*50%=13欧元，故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据Musée d’Orsay (Orsay Museum)部分的“Thu until 9: 45 PM(周四营业至晚上9点45分)”与
Musée des Arts et Métiers (Museum f Arts and Crafts)部分“Thu until 9: 30 PM(周四营业至晚上9点30分)”可知，
Musée d’Orsay和Musée des Arts et Métiers的共同之处是两者均在周四提供夜间开放服务。故选A。
B
In my senir-year literature class last term, I encuntered a knight wh defended a frgtten kingdm, a gentle
grandmther wh healed wunds with flk tales, and a futuristic explrer wh vanished in a black hle. Once, I ften
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fund myself amazed at hw my students, wh brught these figures t life, grasped the essence f cmplex literary
themes.
But the situatin was quite different with their first assignment, which centered n the questin: “Why is
literature imprtant?”
Mst f the essays were barely a page lng, and scarcely any had a sentence that culd serve as a strng thesis
statement. I was taken aback. Then it dawned n me that the prblem lay in the questin itself. They culd have written
vlumes abut the allure f scial media, but literature, in its pure frm, just didn’t seem significant t them. This had
t change.
As a new semester began, I asked everyne t craft a reflective essay n a literary wrk that had tuched their
sul. This time, they fund the task far mre engaging. Fr the subsequent tw tasks, a drama-analysis prject was
fllwed by a petry-creatin wrkshp. I nly stipulated that each piece shuld cnvey a deep-seated emtin. The
utcmes were astunding. The students delved int a wide range f literary wrks and prduced essays and pems,
each 8 t 15 pages lng, with insights that bradened my perspective and stirred my emtins.
I entered the class believing that literature is imprtant as a mirrr f humanity. Hwever, my students
demnstrated smething even mre prfund. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a year’s wrth f
memries filled with the realizatin f literature’s mst prfund significance — the ability t awaken drmant
feelings, t transprt us t unseen wrlds, and t reveal the shared threads f ur human experiences.
24．Wh are the characters mentined at the beginning f paragraph 1?
A．Senir-year students. B．The authr’s relatives.
C．Famus literary critics. D．Fictinal persnas.
25．Why did the students perfrm prly in their first writing task?
A．They lacked writing skills. B．They had a limited understanding f literature.
C．They misinterpreted the questin’s intent. D．They had n interest in the tpic.
26．What des the underlined wrd “astunding” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Cnfusing. B．Impressive. C．Ordinary. D．Frightening.
27．What des the authr’s experience illustrate?
A．Literature can awaken deep-seated human emtins.
B．Teaching literature is an easy task.
C．Students prefer creative writing t theretical essays.
D．Classic literature is lsing its appeal.
【答案】24．D 25．C 26．B 27．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐认识到学生写作动力
的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。
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24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In my senir-year literature class last term, I encuntered a knight wh defended a
frgtten kingdm, a gentle grandmther wh healed wunds with flk tales, and a futuristic explrer wh vanished in
a black hle.(上学期，在我任教的高年级文学课上，我邂逅了诸多角色：一位守护着被遗忘王国的骑士、一位
用民间故事治愈伤痛的慈祥祖母，还有一位消失在黑洞中的未来探险家)”可知，这些角色都是文学作品中的人
物，即虚构人物。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Then it dawned n me that the prblem lay in the questin itself. They culd have
written vlumes abut the allure f scial media, but literature, in its pure frm, just didn’t seem significant t them.(这
时我恍然大悟，问题其实出在问题本身上。他们本可以洋洋洒洒地写上很多关于社交媒体吸引力的内容，但纯
粹的文学对他们而言似乎并无重要意义)”可推知，学生在第一次写作任务中表现不佳是因为他们误解了“文学
为何重要”这一问题，觉得该主题无关紧要。故选C。
26．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“The students delved int a wide range f literary wrks and prduced essays and
pems, each 8 t 15 pages lng, with insights that bradened my perspective and stirred my emtins.(学生们钻研了
大量的文学作品，写出了8到15页长的散文和诗歌，他们的见解开阔了我的视野，激发了我的情感)”可知，学
生们深入研究了广泛的文学作品，写出了长篇的论文和诗歌，这些作品让作者印象深刻，“astunding”意为“令
人赞叹的、印象深刻的”，与“Impressive”意思相近，故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a year’s wrth f memries
filled with the realizatin f literature’s mst prfund significance — the ability t awaken drmant feelings, t
transprt us t unseen wrlds, and t reveal the shared threads f ur human experiences.(当六月最后的铃声响起时，
我带着一整年的回忆离开了，这些回忆让我深刻领悟到了文学最深远的意义——它能够唤醒沉睡的情感，带我
们穿越至未曾见过的世界，并揭示出我们人类经历中共通的脉络)”可推知，作者的经历说明了文学可以唤醒人
类深藏的情感。故选A。
C
A categry f synthetic rganisms termed “mirrr life”, whse cmpnent mlecules (分子) are mirrr images
f their natural cunterpart, culd pse huge risks t human life and ecsystems, accrding t a recent article in Science.
Mirrr life has t d with the universal phenmenn in the natural wrld in which a mlecule r anther bject
cannt simply be superimpsed (重叠) n anther. Fr example, yur left hand can’t simply be turned ver t match
yur right hand. This handedness is hugely imprtant in bilgy because interactins between bimlecules rely n
them having the expected frm. Fr example, if a prtein’s handedness is reversed, it cannt interact with partner
mlecules.
The authrs are wrried abut mirrr bacteria, the simplest life-frm their cncerns apply t. The capability t
create mirrr bacteria des nt yet exist and is “at least a decade away”, but prgress is underway. Katarzyna Adamala,
ne c-authr f the article, fears that mirrr bacteria culd lead t permanent eclgical damage and lss f life.
The initial enthusiasm fr creating mirrr versins f bacteria began with simpler imaginings. Researchers
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explred the use f mirrr-image prteins and ther mlecules that are the building blcks f such an rganism. One
applicatin is in drugs. Sme drugs must be taken repeatedly because the bdy breaks them dwn. Mirrr mlecules
resist this prcess, allwing drugs made frm them t last lnger.
Many immune system mechanisms als rely n handedness. T cells, respnsible fr recgnizing freign invaders,
fr example, might fail t bind t smething with the wrng handedness, which culd help therapies made frm mirrr
mlecules avid triggering immune reactins in patients.
Anther ptential applicatin f mirrr bacteria might be bireactrs (生物反应器), bilgical factries that use
cells r micrrganisms t prduce varius cmpunds like antibitics and ther medicines. Bacteriphages (viruses
that infect bacteria) can wipe ut bacteria-based bireactrs, csting huge amunts f time and mney, but it is likely
they wuldn’t infect mirrr bacteria, because they wuldn’t recgnize their mlecules.
It is these suppsedly advantageus prperties that gave rise t the scientists’ cncerns. The ability t avid
immune respnses culd allw bacteria t cause deadly infectins as they multiply uncntrllably. Unlike viruses,
bacteria dn’t require specific mlecular interactins t infect hsts, and mirrr bacteria culd affect a wide range f
rganisms, including humans, animals, and plants. And a lack f natural enemies culd enable mirrr bacteria t spread
widely thrugh ecsystems.
28．Why is “handedness” imprtant in bilgy?
A．It helps bimlecules t change functins when needed.
B．It ensures bimlecules t recgnize their reversed frms.
C．It enables bimlecules t be superimpsed n each ther.
D．It allws bimlecules t interact crrectly with each ther.
29．What is Adamala’s attitude twards the develpment f mirrr bacteria?
A．Defensive. B．Enthusiastic. C．Neutral. D．Wrried.
30．What can we learn abut the applicatin f mirrr life technlgy?
A．Mirrr mlecules help t activate immune reactins.
B．Mirrr mlecules can extend the effect f sme drugs.
C．Mirrr bacteria can be used t cure sme rare diseases.
D．Mirrr bacteria have the ptential t damage bireactrs.
31．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．Prcess and challenges f mirrr life research.
B．Applicatins and benefits f mirrr mlecules.
C．The cncept and ptential impacts f mirrr life.
D．Replacement f natural bacteria by mirrr bacteria.
【答案】28．D 29．D 30．B 31．C
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【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“镜像生命”这一合成生物类别的概念，以及其可能对人类生命和生态
系统带来的巨大风险，同时探讨了镜像生命技术的潜在应用。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“This handedness is hugely imprtant in bilgy because interactins between
bimlecules rely n them having the expected frm. Fr example, if a prtein’s handedness is reversed, it cannt
interact with partner mlecules. (这种手性在生物学中非常重要，因为生物分子之间的相互作用依赖于它们具有
预期的形式。例如，如果蛋白质的手性颠倒，它就不能与配体分子相互作用。)”可知，手性在生物学中很重要
是因为它允许生物分子之间正确地相互作用。故选D项。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Katarzyna Adamala, ne c-authr f the article, fears that mirrr bacteria culd
lead t permanent eclgical damage and lss f life. (这篇文章的一位合著者Katarzyna Adamala担心，镜像细菌可
能会对生态造成永久性破坏，并导致生命损失。)”可知，Adamala对镜像细菌的发展持担忧态度。故选D项。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Sme drugs must be taken repeatedly because the bdy breaks them dwn. Mirrr
mlecules resist this prcess, allwing drugs made frm them t last lnger. (有些药物必须反复服用，因为身体会分
解它们。镜像分子可以抵抗这一过程，使由它们制成的药物持续时间更长。)”可知，镜像分子可以延长某些药
物的效果。故选B项。
31．主旨大意题。纵观全文，尤其是根据第一段中“A categry f synthetic rganisms termed “mirrr life”, whse
cmpnent mlecules (分子) are mirrr images f their natural cunterpart, culd pse huge risks t human life and
ecsystems, accrding t a recent article in Science. (根据最近发表在《科学》杂志上的一篇文章，一类被称为“镜
像生命”的合成生物，其组成分子是自然界对应分子的镜像，可能对人类生命和生态系统构成巨大风险。)”可
知，本文主要介绍了“镜像生命”的概念以及其可能对人类生命和生态系统带来的巨大风险，即镜像生命的潜在
影响。故选C项。
D
A Natinal Institutes f Health (NIH) prject that studied ver a hundred yung peple as they grew up during
the 1990s shwed that ur brains underg a massive rerganizatin between ur 12th and 25th years. The brain desn’t
actually grw very much during this perid. It has already reached 90 percent f its full size by the time a persn is six.
But as we mve thrugh adlescence, the brain underges extensive remdeling, resembling a netwrk and wiring
upgrade.
Beatriz Luna, prfessr f University f Pittsburgh, used neurimaging t study the teen brain. Luna scanned the
brains f children, teens, and twentysmethings while they perfrmed a specific task. They view a screen n which the
red crsshairs at the center ccasinally disappear just as a light flashes elsewhere n the screen. The instructins are t
nt lk at the light and instead t lk in the ppsite directin. A sensr detects any eye mvement.
Ten-year-lds fail abut 45 percent f the time. Teens d much better. What Luna fund mst interesting,
hwever, was nt thse scres. It was the brain scans she tk while peple tk the test. Cmpared with adults, teens
tended t make less use f brain regins that spt errrs, plan, and stay fcused — areas the adults seemed t bring
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nline autmatically. This let the adults use a variety f brain resurces and better resist distractins, while the teens
used thse areas less ften and mre readily gave in t the impulse t lk at the flashing light. This helps explain why
teens behave with such annying incnsistency: attracting at breakfast, disgusting at dinner; masterful n Mnday,
sleepwalking n Saturday.
Meanwhile, take inspiratin in ne last distinctin f the teen brain — a final key t bth its awkwardness and
its remarkable adaptability. This is the lasting plasticity f thse late-develping frntal areas as they slwly mature.
And at first glance this seems like bad news: If we need these areas fr the cmplex task f entering the wrld, why
aren’t they running at full speed when the challenges are mst discuraging?
The answer is that speed cmes at the price f flexibility. Accrding t Duglas Fields, an NIH neurscientist,
“This means the perid when a brain area is getting upgraded is a srt f crucial perid f learning — nce that’s dne
it’s harder t change.”
The lng, slw, back-t-frnt develpmental wave, cmpleted nly in the mid-20s, appears t be a uniquely
human adaptatin. It may be ne f ur mst sequential. It can seem a bit crazy that we humans dn’t wise up a bit
earlier in life. But if we smartened up sner, we’d end up mre stupid.
32．What des the underlined wrd “resembling” in Paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A．Building up. B．Lking like.
C．Breaking dwn. D．Cnnecting t.
33．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Be patient and teams can still be smarter.
B．Be fcused and we will face the wrld better.
C．Brains have the tendency t level up when needed.
D．Brains’ prcessing speed is cmprmised as they mature.
34．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T analyse the cmpsitin f human brains.
B．T find reasn fr teens’ incnsistent behaviurs.
C．T make a cntrast between teen and adult brains.
D．T explain human brains develp at a reasnable pace.
【答案】32．B 33．D 34．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人类大脑在12岁到25岁之间经历大规模重组，解释了青少年行为
特点及大脑发育的合理性。
32．词句猜测题。根据第一段“But as we mve thrugh adlescence, the brain underges extensive remdeling,
resembling a netwrk and wiring upgrade. (但是，当我们进入青春期时，大脑会经历广泛的重塑，就像网络和线
路升级一样。)”可知，大脑经历重塑，类似于网络和线路的升级，故resembling意为“像，类似于”。选项B
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“Lking like. (看起来像。)”符合题意。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据倒最后一段的“The lng, slw, back-t-frnt develpmental wave, cmpleted nly in the
mid-20s, appears t be a uniquely human adaptatin. It may be ne f ur mst sequential. It can seem a bit crazy that
we humans dn’t wise up a bit earlier in life. But if we smartened up sner, we’d end up mre stupid.(这一漫长而缓
慢、倒序发展的成长过程，直到 25 岁左右才完成，似乎是人类独有的适应方式。这可能是我们最循序渐进的
一种适应方式。或许会让人觉得有些不可思议，那就是我们人类为何在生命早期没有更早地变得明智起来。但
如果我们更早地变得明智，结果可能会更糟糕，因为我们可能会变得更加愚蠢。)”可知，青少年大脑发展是一
个漫长的缓慢的倒序发展的过程，到25岁才能完成，是循序渐进的方式，如果更早变得明智，结果可能会更糟
糕，因此推断要有耐心，最终团队会变得更聪明，与文章讲述一致，故选A。
34．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“A Natinal Institutes f Health (NIH) prject that studied ver
a hundred yung peple as they grew up during the 1990s shwed that ur brains underg a massive rerganizatin
between ur 12th and 25th years. (美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）的一项项目对上世纪90年代成长起来的100多名
年轻人进行了研究，结果显示，我们的大脑在12岁到25岁之间会经历大规模的重组。)”以及最后一段中“The
lng, slw, back-t-frnt develpmental wave, cmpleted nly in the mid-20s, appears t be a uniquely human
adaptatin. (这种漫长、缓慢、从后到前的发展浪潮，直到20多岁中期才完成，似乎是人类独有的适应方式。)”
可知，文章主要解释了人类大脑在青少年时期到成年早期的发育过程，以及这一发育过程的合理性和必要性，
即人类大脑以合理的速度发育。选项D“T explain human brains develp at a reasnable pace. (解释人类大脑以合
理的速度发育。)”符合题意。故选D。
第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Remembering names is an imprtant scial skill. 35 .
● Recite and repeat in cnversatin.
When yu hear a persn’s name, repeat it. Immediately say it t yurself several times withut mving yur lips.
Yu culd als repeat the name in a way that des nt sund frced r artificial.
● Ask the ther persn t recite and repeat.
Yu can let ther peple help yu remember their names. After yu’ve been intrduced t smene, ask that
persn t spell the name and prnunce it crrectly fr yu. 36
● Admit yu dn’t knw
Admitting that yu can’t remember smene’s name can actually make peple relaxed. Mst f them will feel
sympathy if yu say. “I’m wrking t remember names better. 37 What is it again?”
●Use assciatins
Link each persn yu meet with ne thing yu find interesting r unusual. Fr example, yu culd make a
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mental nte: “Vicki Cheng — tall, black hair.” T reinfrce yur assciatins, write them n a small card as sn as
pssible.
● 38
When meeting a grup f peple, fcus n remembering just tw r three names. Free yurself frm
remembering every ne. Few f the peple in mass intrductins expect yu t remember their names. Anther way is
t limit yurself t learning just first names. Last names can cme later.
● G early
Cnsider ging early t cnferences, parties and classes. Smetimes just a few peple shw up n time. 39
And as mre peple arrive, yu can hear them being intrduced t thers---an autmatic review fr yu.
A．Remember a name at a time.
B．Here are sme ways t master it.
C．That’s fewer names fr yu t remember.
D．Mst peple will be pleased with yur hard wrk.
E．But I can’t remember it clearly just at the mment.
F．Limit the number f new names yu learn at ne time.
G．Mst peple will be pleased by the effrt yu’re making t learn their names
【答案】35．B 36．G 37．E 38．F 39．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何有效记住他人名字。
35．根据前文“Remembering names is an imprtant scial skill.(记住名字是一项重要的社交技能。)”以及后文的
每一段的小标题可知，后文介绍了一些记住别人名字的方法，选项B“Here are sme ways t master it.(这里有一
些方法来掌握它。)”说明了有一些方法可以掌握记住别人名字的技巧，引起下文，符合语境，故选B。
36．根据上文“Yu can let ther peple help yu remember their names.(你可以让别人帮你记住他们的名字。)”可
知，我们可以请别人帮助一起记忆名字，选项G“Mst peple will be pleased by the effrt yu’re making t learn
their names(大多数人会因为你努力记住他们的名字而感到开心。)”中的peple和前文的peple一致，说明了别
人看到你在努力记他们的名字时的反应，承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
37．根据前文“Admitting that yu can’t remember smene’s name can actually make peple relaxed.(承认你不记得
别人的名字实际上可以让人放松。)”可以推知，承认记不住某些人的名字实际上会让人更放松，E选项“But I
can’t remember it clearly just at the mment.(但是我现在记不太清楚了。)”是承认自己一时记不住名字的表达，
承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
38．空格处是本段小标题，根据后文“When meeting a grup f peple, fcus n remembering just tw r three
names. Free yurself frm remembering every ne.(和一群人见面时，只记住两三个名字。把自己从记住每一个人
中解放出来。)”可知，本段主要讲的是不能要求自己一次性记住每一个人的名字，也就是限制记住的名字的数
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量，选项F“Limit the number f new names yu learn at ne time.(限制一次学习新名字的数量。)”说明了要限制一
次性记住的名字的数量，概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选F。
39．根据上文“Smetimes just a few peple shw up n time.(有时只有少数人准时到达。)”可知，很少人准时出
席会议，如果早到，记得名字也会相对较少，选项C“That’s fewer names fr yu t remember.(这样你要记住的
名字就少了。)”说明了要记住的名字就减少了，承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32 分)
第一节 (共 4 小题;第 40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
In 1983, Hward Gardner, a prfessr at Harvard, published Frames f Mind: The Thery f Multiple
Intelligences. In the bk, he presented ne type f intelligence that everyne must develp if they want t be
successful. That is emtinal intelligence.
Emtinal intelligence refers t the ability t identify and regulate yur wn emtins. It means having a deep
understanding f yurself, knwing yur wn strengths and weaknesses, and handling reactins and emtins wisely.
Emtinal intelligence is critical fr success in almst any field and it is especially imprtant fr high- stress
envirnments, fr example, when times are tugh and when a persn wants t quit r is fearful.
We all knw highly emtinal peple. Rather than react wisely, they tend t let their emtins run their lives,
ften saying r ding smething they may later regret. I’ve seen many peple d this n scial media, getting in
arguments with lved nes ver trivial stuff because they have different pinins. This inability t master the self leads
t many struggles and heartaches fr peple.
Emtinal intelligence des nt mean being vid (没有) f emtins. It means yu knw it is kay t be angry,
just nt ut-f-cntrl angry. Yu knw it’s kay t feel hurt, but it is nt kay t d smething stupid in the name f
revenge (报复). Many f us knw peple wh are very intelligent, but allw their emtins t damage their lives.
Nw, reflect n hw yu manage yur emtins. Are yu smart in the way yu express what yu’ re feeling,
especially when the pressure is n?
40．Accrding t the passage, what is “emtinal intelligence”?
41．Hw d highly emtinal peple deal with their emtins?
42．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Peple with high Emtinal intelligence can cntrl their emtins well, and they think peple shuldn’t be angry.
43．When yu get angry r feel hurt in daily life, what will yu d? And why? （In abut 40 wrds）
【答案】40．Emtinal intelligence refers t the ability t identify and regulate yur wn emtins. 41．Rather
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than react wisely, highly emtinal peple tend t let their emtins run their lives, ften saying r ding smething
they may later regret. 42．Peple with high Emtinal intelligence can cntrl their emtins well, and they think
peple shuldn’t be angry. Explanatin: The passage states that “It means yu knw it is kay t be angry, just nt
ut-f-cntrl angry” , s peple with high emtinal intelligence dn’t think peple shuldn’t be angry. 43．
When I get angry r hurt, I’ll take a walk t calm dwn, then think abut the reasn. This helps me avid impulsive
actins, as emtinal intelligence requires handling emtins wisely.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是什么是情商，高情商和低情商的人分别有什么表现。
40．细节理解题。根据第二段“Emtinal intelligence refers t the ability t identify and regulate yur wn emtins.
It means having a deep understanding f yurself, knwing yur wn strengths and weaknesses, and handling reactins
and emtins wisely.(情商指的是识别和调节自身情绪的能力。它意味着深刻了解自己，知道自己的优点和缺点，
并且明智地处理反应和情绪。)” 可知，情商是指识别和调节自己情绪的能力。故填Emtinal intelligence refers
t the ability t identify and regulate yur wn emtins.
41．细节理解题。根据第三段“Rather than react wisely, they tend t let their emtins run their lives, ften saying r
ding smething they may later regret.(他们没有明智地做出反应，反而往往让情绪左右自己的生活，经常说或做
一些事后可能会后悔的事情。)”可知，高度情绪化的人往往让自己的情绪主宰自己的生活，而不是做出明智的
反应，经常说或做一些他们以后可能会后悔的事情。故填Rather than react wisely, highly emtinal peple tend t
let their emtins run their lives, ften saying r ding smething they may later regret.
42．细节理解题。根据第四段“It means yu knw it is kay t be angry, just nt ut-f-cntrl angry.(这意味着你
知道生气是可以的，只是不能失控地生气。)”可知，高情商的人认为生气是可以的，而不是认为人们不应该生
气。故错误部分为“they think peple shuldn’t be angry”。故填Peple with high Emtinal intelligence can cntrl
their emtins well, and they think peple shuldn’t be angry. Explanatin: The passage states that “It means yu
knw it is kay t be angry, just nt ut-f-cntrl angry” , s peple with high emtinal intelligence dn’t think
peple shuldn’t be angry.
43．开放性试题。结合情商的理念，合理回答即可。答案可以为：当我生气或受伤时，我会散步冷静下来，然
后想想原因。这有助于我避免冲动行为，因为情商需要明智地处理情绪。故填When I get angry r hurt, I’ll take
a walk t calm dwn, then think abut the reasn. This helps me avid impulsive actins, as emtinal intelligence
requires handling emtins wisely.
第二节 (20 分)
44．假设你是红星中学高二年级学生李华，你校英语报专刊Student Pst在招聘校园新闻摄影师（phtgrapher
fr schl news），你对该职位很感兴趣，请你用英文给负责招聘的James先生写一封申请信，内容包括：
1．申请理由；
2．个人信息与优势；
3．希望得到该职位。
15 / 17
注意：1．词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. James,
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Mr. James,
I’m Li Hua frm Grade 2 f Hngxing Middle Schl. I’m writing t apply fr the psitin f phtgrapher fr
Student Pst, as I’m deeply interested in capturing special mments at schl thrugh my camera.
I have lved phtgraphy fr tw years and have mastered basic shting skills. I wn a digital camera and ften
take phts f schl events like sprts meetings and art festivals, sme f which were praised by my teachers and
classmates. I’m als careful and respnsible, ensuring I wn’t miss imprtant mments.
I wuld be grateful if yu culd give me this pprtunity. I am lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以红星中学高二年级学生李华的身份，向负责招聘的 James先生
申请校园新闻摄影师一职，需说明申请理由、个人优势并表达对职位的期待。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
申请：apply fr→seek
掌握：master→have a gd cmmand f
确保：ensure→make sure/ see t it that
感激的：grateful→thankful/ appreciative
2. 句式拓展
同义句转化
原句：I’ve lved phtgraphy fr tw years and have mastered basic shting skills.
拓展句：Having lved phtgraphy fr tw years, I have mastered basic shting skills.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】I’m writing t apply fr the psitin f phtgrapher fr Student Pst, as I’m deeply
interested in capturing special mments at schl thrugh my camera.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句）
16 / 17
【高分句型 2】I ften take phts f schl events like sprts meets and art festivals, sme f which were praised by
my teachers and classmates.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
17 / 17