2026年高考英语（外研版）一轮复习配套课件 6 冠词

第一节　冠词第三讲　冠词、代词和介词考点一　不定冠词1.表示“一”的概念。(1)表示类指,或指某类中的任何一个。He is pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man.(北师大选一U2)他很高兴能放弃富人的生活方式。(2)表示泛指,说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词。Today he lives in a small dormitory room with only second-hand furniture.(北师大选一U2)现在他住在一间只有二手家具的小宿舍里。(3)表示量指,不定冠词表示“一”这个数量,但数的概念没有one强烈。Sixteen years ago,Jason was a college professor with a huge six-bedroom house and a fortune of two million dollars.(北师大选一U2)十六年前,詹森是一名大学教授,拥有一套六居室的大房子和两百万美元的巨款。(4)表示“某一个”,相当于some/a certain。A Mr Brown came to see you just now.刚才有一位布朗先生来找你了。(5)“a(n)+序数词”表示“又一,再一”;“a most+形容词”表示“非常,很……”。First impression is the most lasting.After all,you never get a second chance to make a first impression.第一印象最持久。毕竟,你绝不可能再有一次机会留下第一印象。2.用于某些具体化的抽象名词前,常考的具体化的抽象名词有:success、failure、surprise、pleasure、beauty、danger、comfort、honour等。The landing of Chang’e 3 proved to be a success and how it laid the foundation for future exploration was plain to see.(译林选三U2)嫦娥三号的着陆证明是成功的,它为未来的探索奠定了基础,这是显而易见的。考点二　定冠词1.特指某人或某事或上文已经提到过的人或事物。She gave up sport and joined Vogue as an assistant editor,but was crushed.After 15 years at the magazine,she was passed over for promotion to editor-in-chief.(北师大选一U2)她放弃了体育运动,进入Vogue杂志担任助理编辑,却遭到了打击。在杂志社工作了15年后,她被破格提拔为主编。2.用在含有普通名词的专有名词前,或与世界上独一无二的事物连用。Mr Smith is a teacher from the United States.史密斯先生是一位来自美国的老师。3.用在朝代、世纪前或用在逢十的年代前,后者表示“在某世纪几十年代”。In the 1990s,he and his wife were traveling along the Yangtze River when a ship was wrecked.二十世纪九十年代,他和妻子沿着长江旅行时,一艘船失事了。4.用于形容词或副词的最高级前。However,it was,in his view,“the best thing that could have ever happened to me.The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again,less sure about everything.It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods in my life.”(北师大选一U2)然而,在他看来,这是“发生在我身上最好的事情。成功的沉重感被重新成为初学者的轻松感所取代,对一切都不那么确定了。这件事解放了我,让我进入了人生中最具创造力的时期。”5.用在序数词及only、very、same等之前;“the+形容词”表示一类人;the+名词+定语从句/非谓语作定语;the+定语+名词。He had great faith in the talent of the up-and-coming generation. “Our country is in urgent need of talented people,” he said.“If we spend more time and pay more attention to the young,masters and even Nobel prize winners may rise among them.”(北师大选一U2)他对下一代的人充满信心。他说:“我们的国家急需人才。如果我们花更多的时间,更多地关注年轻人,大师甚至诺贝尔奖获得者都有可能在他们中崛起。”考点三　冠词在短语中的习惯用法1.不定冠词在短语中的习惯用法have a look　　　　　　看一下take a bath/walk/rest洗澡/散步/休息as a matter of fact 事实上all of a sudden突然in a hurry匆忙地do sb a favo(u)r帮某人一个忙keep an eye on留心2.定冠词在短语中的习惯用法on the whole总体上to tell the truth说实话on the contrary相反in the end最后in the charge of由……负责考点四　零冠词1.在不可数名词或可数名词复数前表示泛指不用冠词。2.称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、宾语补足语或同位语时,不加冠词。Dr Peter Spence,headmaster of the school,told us,“A fifth of pupils here go on to further study at Oxford or Cambridge.”这所学校的校长彼得·斯宾塞博士告诉我们:“这里五分之一的学生将继续到牛津大学或剑桥大学深造。”3.表示时间、节日、季节、三餐、球类运动、语言、学科的名词前不用冠词。1.注意泛指还是特指如果空格后的名词或“形容词+名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。(1)如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”,一般填a/an;如果可翻译成“这/那个,这/那些”,一般填the。(2)如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。【典例】　But even if the general path ahead is widely agreed on,　　　　 speed of the change is far from clear. 答案　the　[句意:但是,即使人们对未来的总体道路达成了广泛共识,变化的速度也远不清楚。此处为特指“变化的速度”,应用定冠词。]2.注意不定冠词a/an的区别看到发音以辅音音素开头的单数名词要想到用不定冠词a;看到发音以元音音素开头的单数名词要想到用不定冠词an。但要注意拼写以元音字母开头,发音却以辅音音素开头的单词前要用a(如a university、a unit、a unique talent 等);拼写以辅音字母开头,发音却以元音音素开头的单词前要用an(如an hour、an honest man、an honor等)。【典例】　Many of us are turning to activities like skipping with 　　　　old rope,or watching one of the many “fitness experts” who produce exercise videos online. 答案　an　[此处是指“一根旧绳”,是泛指,所以应用不定冠词。old的开头发音为元音,应用不定冠词an。]