山东省潍坊青州市第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期第二次期末模拟（7月段考）英语试题（解析版）-A4

这是一份山东省潍坊青州市第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期第二次期末模拟（7月段考）英语试题（解析版）-A4，共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分30分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
第一节 (共 5 小题)
1. Wh can be the new drummer f the band?
A. Zey. B. Greg. C. Eden.
2. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In a cinema. B. In the street. C. In a plice statin.
3. Which necklace will the wman take?
A. The red ne. B. The blue ne. C. The clear ne.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A vacatin. B. A city. C. A website.
5. Why will the wman g skydiving?
A. T d charity. B. T get inspired. C. T finish a prject.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers ging?
A. Sydney. B. Shanghai. C. New Yrk.
7. What are the speakers ging t d next?
A. Ask the infrmatin desk. B. Buy the newspaper. C. Have a big meal.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the party fr?
A. A graduatin. B. A birthday. C. A family gathering.
9. Hw many clse friends des Dawsn have?
A. 18. B. 10. C. 6.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. Where are the speakers?
A. On the 1st flr. B. On the 4th flr. C. On the 5th flr.
11. What kind f huse wuld the man like?
A. A husebat. B. A twnhuse. C. An apartment.
12. What des the wman say abut living in a tree?
A. It’s cmfrtable. B. It’s cheaper. C. It’s incnvenient.
13. What are the speakers prbably ding?
A. Eating ut. B. Seeing a huse. C. Checking in.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What will the wman pick in the garden?
A. Tmates. B. Pumpkins. C. Watermelns.
15. Why is the man’s mther in the city this summer hliday?
A. T lk after her daughter.
B. T babysit her grandsns.
C. T enjy a trip.
16. What is the man’s mther’s gardening secret?
A. Turning ver the sil.
B. Watering and fertilizing.
C. Selecting the best seed.
17. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Neighbrs. B. Hst and gardener. C. Relatives.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What can we knw abut Harila’s childhd?
A. She was a sprty girl.
B. She was afraid f heights.
C. She wn a climbing trip.
19. What is Harila’s big gal f climbing?
A. Climb 5 peaks in 3 mnths.
B. Climb 14 peaks in 3 mnths.
C. Climb 8 peaks in 40 days.
20. When did Harila climb Munt Shishapangma in China?
A. In July. B. In June. C. In April.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM
Help restre and prtect Marin's natural areas frm the Marin Headlands t Blinas Ridge. We'll explre beautiful park sites while cnducting invasive (侵入的) plant remval, winter planting, and seed cllectin. Habitat Restratin Team vlunteers play a vital rle in restring sensitive resurces and prtecting endangered species acrss the ridges and valleys.
GROUPS
Grups f five r mre require special arrangements and must be cnfirmed in advance. Please review the List f Available Prjects and fill ut the Grup Prject Request Frm.
AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING
Vlunteers aged 10 and ver are welcme. Read ur Yuth Plicy Guidelines fr yuth under the age f 15.
Bring yur cmpleted Vlunteer Agreement Frm. Vlunteers under the age f 18 must have the parent/guardian apprval sectin signed.
We'll be wrking rain r shine. Wear clthes that can get dirty. Bring layers fr changing weather and a raincat if necessary.
Bring a persnal water bttle, sunscreen, and lunch.
N experience necessary. Training and tls will be prvided. Fulfills (满足) cmmunity service requirements.
UPCOMING EVENTS
1. What is the aim f the Habitat Restratin Team?
A. T discver mineral resurces.B. T develp new wildlife parks.
C. T prtect the lcal ecsystem.D. T cnduct bilgical research.
2. What is the lwer age limit fr jining the Habitat Restratin Team?
A. 5.B. 10.C. 15.D. 18.
3. What are the vlunteers expected t d?
A. Bring their wn tls.B. Wrk even in bad weather.
C. Wear a team unifrm.D. D at least three prjects.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加保护当地生态系统的栖息地恢复小组的时间地点等相关细节。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Help restre and prtect Marin’s natural areas frm the Marin Headlands t Blinas Ridge. We’ll explre beautiful park sites while cnducting invasive (侵入的) plant remval, winter planting, and seed cllectin. Habitat Restratin Team vlunteers play a vital rle in restring sensitive resurces and prtecting endangered species acrss the ridges and valleys. (帮助恢复和保护从马林海岬到波利纳斯岭的马林海的自然区域。我们将探索美丽的公园场地，同时进行入侵植物清除、冬季种植和种子收集。栖息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用)”可知，栖息地恢复小组的目的是保护当地生态系统。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Vlunteers aged 10 and ver are welcme. (欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者)”可知，参加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10岁。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“We’ll be wrking rain r shine. (我们将风雨无阻地工作)”可知，身为志愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。故选B项。
B
This 18-year-ld dancer is nw ne f Gucci’s mst well-knwn mdels. Elli Gldstein, wh has Dwn Syndrme (唐氏综合征), stars in a Gucci beauty campaign fr a mascara prduct. Her mm says the February phtsht. nw being featured in Italian Vgue, tk arund six hurs.
Elli is frm Ilfrd Essex in the UK. This isn’t Elli’s first appearance in the wrldwide sptlight. She’s been featured in Lndn’s famus Natinal Prtrait Gallery and has danced at the Ryal Opera Huse. The mdel has appeared in TV cmmercials and vides fr a famus film festival. She even made a dance vide f her wn during the pandemic (流行病) t cheer peple up.
“Elli was brn t have this utging persnality. She lves the camera. She lves the films. ” Her mm says nthing hlds her back. She lives life t the fullest. That psitive energy appears t be paying ff.
Elli’s mdeling picture psted n the Gucci beauty Instagram accunt was the mst liked pst ever. “We want t increase the representatin f peple wh have until nw been excluded in the media,” said Petersn, Elli’s agent. “Yu knw, it’s abut time that we welcmed different mdels with different disability.”
“Just fllw ur dreams and add passins t ur life.” The phtgrapher fr Elli’s Gucci phtsht says he aims t shw that beauty is everywhere. It exists in every persn.
4. What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. Elli’s appearance.B. Elli’s inspiratin.
C Elli’s childhd life.D. Elli’s achievements.
5. Which f the fllwing best describes Elli?
A. Determined and psitive.B. Optimistic and easyging.
C. Respectful and straight.D. Hnest and fashinable.
6. Which f the fllwing wrds can replace the underlined wrd in Para.4?
A. Resisted.B. Criticized.
C. Admitted.D. Highlighted.
7. What des the phtgrapher want t cnvey?
A. Better late than never.B. Life is full f the unexpected.
C. Beauty has n bundaries.D. Beauty is in the eye f the behlder.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了18岁的舞者Elli Gldstein现在是Gucci最著名的模特之一，患有唐氏综合症的Elli Gldstein在 Gucci一款睫毛膏产品的美容广告中担任主角。文章介绍了在此之前她所取得的一些成就，以及周围人对她的评价和对美的看法。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Elli is frm llfrd Essex in the UK. This isn’t Elli’s first appearance in the wrldwide sptlight. She’s been featured in Lndn’s famus Natinal Prtrait Gallery and has danced at the Ryal Opera Huse. The mdel has appeared in TV cmmercials and vides fr a famus film festival. She even made a dance vide f her wn during the pandemic t cheer peple up.(Elli来自英国埃塞克斯的伊尔福德。这不是EIli第一次出现在全球聚光灯下。她曾出现在伦敦著名的国家肖像画廊，还曾在皇家歌剧院跳舞。这名模特曾出现在一个著名电影节的电视广告和视频中。她甚至在疫情期间制作了自己的舞蹈视频来鼓舞人们。)”可知，第二段的主要内容是Elli的成就。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Her mm says nthing hlds her back. She lives life t the fullest. That psitive energy appears t be paying ff.(她妈妈说没有什么能阻止她。她过着充实的生活。这种正能量似乎正在得到回报。)”可知，Elli是个内心坚定且积极的人。故选A。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“ “We want t increase the representatin f peple wh have until nw been excludedin the media,” said Petersn, Elli’s agent. “Yu knw, it’s abut time that we welcmed different mdels with different disability.”(Elli的经纪人Petersn表示:“我们希望增加那些迄今为止被媒体excluded的人的代表权。你知道，是时候我们欢迎有着不同残疾的不同模特了。)”可推知，媒体存在歧视，抵制残疾人群，把残疾群体排除在外。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Just fllw ur dreams and add passins t ur life.” The phtgrapher fr Elli’s Gucci phtsht says he aims t shw that beauty is everywhere. It exists in every persn.(“只要追随我们的梦想，给我们的生活增添激情。”为Elli拍摄Gucci照片的摄影师说，他的目标是要展示美无处不在。它存在于每个人身上。)”可知，摄影师想要传达美丽没有界限。故选C。
C
We are seeing the risks that A. I. presents t sciety. Deep fakes, a frm f phtshp that creates realistic images with the help f A. I. learning, has been used fr news reprts. Chatbts and A. I. sftware have a well-dcumented histry f shwing racist behavir. The ptential widespread jb lss at the hands f A. I. puts us all at risk fr ecnmic and plitical truble.
In respnse, many peple have called fr increased regulatin (监管). But mst plicymakers simply d nt understand artificial intelligence enugh t carry ut meaningful regulatins, and the speed at which A. I. is prgressing makes it nearly impssible fr them t catch up.
The real slutin? An A. I. pause, a shrt-time stp. Already, the idea has been supprted by ver 1,100 individuals invlved in the artificial intelligence cmmunity. Under an A. I. pause, n develpment r research, academic r business, culd be dne t advance artificial intelligence beynd a certain “pwer level”.
This wuld give gvernments the time t analyze and regulate the artificial intelligence field. They wuld be able t establish plicies t prtect the jbs f grups like truck drivers whse jbs culd be wiped ut by A. I.-driven cars. They culd create bttm-line standards fr crime recgnitin sftware t pass befre it culd be used by lcal plice.
On tp f that, an A. I. pause culd als be gd t the cmpanies and research grups develping A. I. mdels. A pause in the “A. I. arms race” culd allw grups like OpenAI t devte mre resurces t addressing the faults in their current A. I. sftware rather than rushing t develp mre advanced mdels. A pause culd ultimately lead t a superir final prduct.
A. I. culd be ne f the mst beneficial inventins t the human race, but it culd als be ne f the mst scietally cataclysmic. With an A. I. pause, we’ll have the pprtunity t imprve upn and understand A. I. technlgy, while ensuring that its develpment is in harmny with ur sciety.
8. What des the authr imply in paragraph 2?
A. A. I. is grwing under cntrl.
B. Regulatins make little difference.
C. The gvernment wn’t fail t regulate A. I.
D. Pliticians shuld keep a clser eye n A. I.
9. What is the main idea f paragraphs 4 and 5?
A. The reasns fr an A. I. pause.B. The prblems f an A. I. pause.
C. The definitin f an A. I. pause.D. The benefits f an A. I. pause.
10. What des the “A. I. arms race” in paragraph 5 refer t?
A. A cntest t build arms fr rbts.
B. A cntest t develp A. I. fr the military.
C. A cmpetitin fr advanced A. I. technlgies.
D. A cmpetitin fr A. I.-pwered sprts equipment.
11. What des the underlined wrd “cataclysmic” in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A Disastrus.B. Inspiring.C. Beneficial.D. Widespread.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述人工智能给社会带来潜在的风险，对此真正的解决方案是暂停AI系统开发，并描述了这样做的好处。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“In respnse, many peple have called fr increased regulatin (监管). But mst plicymakers simply d nt understand artificial intelligence enugh t carry ut meaningful regulatins, and the speed at which A. I. is prgressing makes it nearly impssible fr them t catch up.(对此，许多人呼吁加强监管。但大多数政策制定者对人工智能的了解还不足以实施有意义的法规，而人工智能的发展速度使他们几乎不可能赶上)”可知，监管没有什么作用。故选B。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中“This wuld give gvernments the time t analyze and regulate the artificial intelligence field.(这将使政府有时间分析和规范人工智能领域)”和第五段中“On tp f that, an A. I. pause culd als be gd t the cmpanies and research grups develping A. I. mdels.(最重要的是，暂停人工智能也可能对开发人工智能模型的公司和研究团体有好处)”可知，这两段讲述了暂停AI开发的好处，故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段中“On tp f that, an A. I. pause culd als be gd t the cmpanies and research grups develping A. I. mdels. A pause in the “A. I. arms race” culd allw grups like OpenAI t devte mre resurces t addressing the faults in their current A. I. sftware rather than rushing t develp mre advanced mdels.(最重要的是，暂停人工智能也可能对开发人工智能模型的公司和研究团体有好处。‘人工智能军备竞赛’的暂停可以让像OpenAI这样的组织投入更多的资源来解决他们当前人工智能软件中的缺陷，而不是急于开发更先进的模型)”可知，“人工智能军备竞赛”指的是开发先进人工智能技术的竞赛，故选C。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前“A. I. culd be ne f the mst beneficial inventins t the human race(人工智能可能是对人类最有益的发明之一)”和转折词but可知，此处是描述人工智能的利弊，指“但它也可能是最具社会灾难性的发明之一”，cataclysmic意为“灾难性的”，故选A。
D
Will chatbts that can generate fascinating articles destry educatin as we knw it?
New Yrk City’s Department f Educatin recently banned (禁止) the use f ChatGPT. “While the tl may be able t prvide quick and easy answers t questins,” says the fficial statement, “it des nt build critical-thinking skills, which are necessary fr academic and lifelng success.”
Banning such use f technlgy frm the classrm is a nearsighted respnse. Instead, we must find a way frward in which such technlgies cmbine well with, rather than replace, student thinking.
Banning ChatGPT is impssible in practice. Students will find ways arund the ban, which will cause a further defensive respnse frm teachers and administratrs, and s n. It’s hard t believe that a clse race between thse digital natives and their educatrs will end in a decisive victry fr the latter. In fact, chatbts may well speed up a trend (趋向) tward valuing critical thinking. In a wrld where cmputers can fluently answer any questin, students need t get much better at deciding what questins t ask and hw t fact-check the answers the prgram generates.
S hw d we encurage yung peple t use their minds when real thinking is s hard t tell apart frm its simulacrum (假象)? Teachers, f curse, will still want t watch students taking ld-fashined, in-persn, n-chatbt-allwed exams t check that they d nt cheat.
But we must als figure ut hw t d smething new: hw t use tls like GPT t inspire deeper thinking. GPT ften generates text that is fluent and “reasnable” — but wrng. S using it requires the same mental heavy lifting that writing des: frming an pinin, creating an utline, picking which pints t explain and which t drp, and lking fr supprting facts. GPT can help with thse tasks, but it can’t put them all tgether. Writing a gd essay still requires lts f human thught and wrk. Indeed, writing is thinking, and gd writing is gd thinking.
One apprach is t fcus n the prcess as much as the result. Fr instance, teachers might require fur drafts f an essay. After all, as Jhn McPhee, the famus writer, said, “the central nature f the prcess is revisin.” Each draft gets feedback frm the teacher, frm peers r even frm a chatbt. Then the students prduce the next draft, and s n.
Will AI ne day utperfrm human beings in thinking? Maybe, but fr nw, we must think fr urselves. Like any tl, GPT is an enemy f thinking nly if we fail t find ways t make it ur partner.
12. Hw des the authr feel abut the ban?
A. Understandable.B. Irrespnsible.C. Unwise.D. Necessary.
13. Why is it impssible t ban ChatGPT in practice?
A. Because students are digitally fluent.B. Because schls will defend the ban.
C. Because ChatGPT will keep develping.D. Because peple treasure critical thinking.
14. Hw des the authr explain his idea in Paragraph 6?
A. By quting thers.B. By presenting facts.C. By giving examples.D. By shwing similarities.
15. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Is GPT a prcess r a result?B. Will GPT utperfrm students?
C. Why Chatbts becme a new trend?D. Hw can Chatbts serve educatin?
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。针对纽约市教育部门最近禁止使用ChatGPT的事件，作者进行了分析和讨论，并认为禁止在课堂上使用这种技术是一种目光短浅的反应，使用ChatGPT依然需要人类进行理性思维和判断，甚至对人类的批判思考能力有更高的要求，我们应该学会很好地利用这种技术而不是禁止它。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Banning such use f technlgy frm the classrm is a nearsighted respnse. Instead, we must find a way frward in which such technlgies cmbine well with, rather than replace, student thinking.(禁止在课堂上使用这种技术是一种目光短浅的反应。相反，我们必须找到一条前进的道路，让这些技术与学生的思维很好地结合在一起，而不是取代学生的思维。)”可知，作者认为这一禁令很不明智。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Students will find ways arund the ban, which will cause a further defensive respnse frm teachers and administratrs, and s n.(学生们会找到绕开禁令的方法，这将引起教师和管理人员进一步的防御性反应，等等。)”可知，不可能在实践中禁止ChatGPT是因为学生们对数字技术很精通。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段最后五句“GPT ften generates text that is fluent and “reasnable” — but wrng. S using it requires the same mental heavy lifting that writing des: frming an pinin, creating an utline, picking which pints t explain and which t drp, and lking fr supprting facts. GPT can help with thse tasks, but it can’t put them all tgether. Writing a gd essay still requires lts f human thught and wrk. Indeed, writing is thinking, and gd writing is gd thinking.(GPT通常生成流畅且“合理”的文本，但却是错误的。因此，使用它需要和写作一样的脑力劳动：形成观点，创建大纲，选择要解释哪些要点，哪些要点要放弃，寻找支持事实。GPT可以帮助完成这些任务，但它不能把它们放在一起。写一篇好文章仍然需要很多人的思考和工作。的确，写作就是思考，好的写作就是好的思考。)”可知，作者通过陈述事实来解释他的观点。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Will chatbts that can generate fascinating articles destry educatin as we knw it?(聊天机器人是否会像我们所知道的那样摧毁教育？)”和最后一段“Will AI ne day utperfrm human beings in thinking? Maybe, but fr nw, we must think fr urselves. Like any tl, GPT is an enemy f thinking nly if we fail t find ways t make it ur partner.(人工智能有一天会超越人类的思维能力吗？也许吧，但现在，我们必须为自己考虑。像任何工具一样，只有当我们找不到方法让它成为我们的伙伴时，GPT才是思考的敌人。)”可知，文章主要是讲人工智能是否有一天会超越人类的思维能力从而摧毁教育。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nt all great writers are great spellers. If yu want t be published, it's vital t submit a perfect, prfessinally presented manuscript (原稿). ____16____ N editr is likely t tlerate a writer wh des nt take the truble t spell wrds crrectly.
I keep tw reference bks clse-by n my desk: dictinary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I dn't trust my laptp's spellchecker. ____17____ Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I'm ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers. I use the Cncise Oxfrd Dictinary and the Cllins Thesaurus.
____18____ It shuld give yu a precise definitin f each wrd, thus differentiating it frm ther wrds whse meanings are similar, but nt identical. It will als usually shw hw the wrd is prnunced.
In additin, I have an ld tw-vlume cpy f the Shrter Oxfrd Dictinary, picked up a few years ag in a bkshp sale fr just 99 pence. Of curse, with its 2,672 pages, it's nt exactly shrt. It cntains arund 163,000 wrds, plus wrd cmbinatins and idimatic phrases. ____19____ Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there's nthing better.
Fr well ver a hundred years the mst influential English dictinary was Samuel Jhnsn's Dictinary f the English Language published in 1755. "T make dictinaries is dull (乏味) wrk," wrte Jhnsn, illustrating ne definitin f "dull". ____20____ A few minutes spent casting yur eye ver a page r tw can be a rewarding experience.
A. I dn't ften use this dictinary.
B. It takes n accunt f the cntext.
C. But I still dn't want t replace them.
D. But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.
E. Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.
F. That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.
G. Dictinaries dn't always give yu enugh infrmatin.
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. E 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。
【16题详解】
上文“If yu want t be published, it’s vital t submit a perfect, prfessinally presented manuscript(如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F项。
【17题详解】
上文“I dn’t trust my laptp’s spellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I’m ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers.(当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以B选项“It takes n accunt f the cntext.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B项。
【18题详解】
下文“It shuld give yu a precise definitin f each wrd, thus differentiating it frm ther wrds whse meanings are similar, but nt identical. It will als usually shw hw the wrd is prnunced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了字典的功能，E选项“Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。
【19题详解】
下文“Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there’s nthing better.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“I dn’t ften use this dictinary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。
【20题详解】
上文“ “T make dictinaries is dull (乏味) wrk, ” wrte Jhnsn, illustrating ne definitin f ”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting yur eye ver a page r tw can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D项。
【点睛】
第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
Sme years ag, I was stuck n a crsstwn bus during the rush hur. The bus was full f cld, tired peple ____21____ with ne anther. Tw men ____22____ at each ther fr being t crwded. An ld wman gt n, and nbdy ffered her a ____23____. Anger was in the air, n ____24____ culd be fund here.
As the bus apprached Seventh Avenue, the driver’s wrds came frm the speaker. “Flks,” he said, “I knw yu’ve had a(n) ____25____ day and that yu are nt feeling well, but I will ____26____. When each f yu walks by befre getting ff, drp yur ____27____ int my palm (手掌). My rute ges right by the Hudsn River, int which I’ll ____28____ them.”
Everyne burst ut laughing, their faces shining with ____29____. The passengers wh had been ignring each ther’s ____30____ suddenly grinned (咧嘴笑) at each ther.
At the next stp, just as ____31____, the driver held ut his hand, a palm up, and waited. All the ____32____ passengers perfrmed the gesture f drpping smething int his palm. The driver ____33____ the same actin at every stp that fllwed.
Occasinally we may sink int a grey wrld, but smene can ____34____ it like a ray f light, shwing us hpe. What if we are the light? ____35____, anyne has the pwer t shine n thers’ dark days.
21. A. pleasedB. puzzledC. ImpressedD. annyed
22. A. wavedB. smiledC. shutedD. sht
23. A. clueB. seatC. rideD. chice
24. A. kindnessB. appealC. curageD. security
25. A. tughB. averageC. incredibleD. fruitful
26. A. wrk utB. shw upC. help utD. check in
27. A. mmentsB. trublesC. errrsD. tips
28. A. frgetB. apprachC. keepD. thrw
29. A. surpriseB. pressureC. jyD. pride
30. A. attractinB. existenceC. admiratinD. appreciatin
31. A. rderedB. prmisedC. requestedD. reprted
32. A. chattingB. cmingC. sittingD. exiting
33. A. repeatedB. designedC. annuncedD. updated
34. A. accessB. explreC. balanceD. brighten
35. A. HweverB. AdditinallyC. ActuallyD. Finally
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在拥挤的汽车上的见闻。汽车上人们因为拥挤而充满不愉快，司机幽默地让大家在下车前把烦恼丢给他，然后他集中把烦恼丢进河里去，司机的话把大家逗笑了，他的言行像一束阳光照亮了黑暗的世界。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：公共汽车上挤满了又冷漠又累的人，他们对彼此很生气。A. pleased高兴的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. annyed生气的。根据上文“Sme years ag, I was stuck n a crsstwn bus during the rush hur.”和下文“Anger was in the air”可知，因交通高峰期被堵在路上，公共汽车上挤满了又冷漠又累的人，他们对彼此很生气。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两名男子因太拥挤而互相喊叫。A. waved挥手；B. smiled微笑；C. shuted喊叫；D. sht射击。根据下文“fr being t crwded”和“Anger was in the air”可知，乘客都恼怒对方，两名男子因太拥挤而互相喊叫。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位老妇人上了车，没人给她让座。A. clue线索；B. seat座位；C. ride乘坐；D. chice选择。根据上文“The bus was full f cld, tired peple”和“An ld wman gt n”可知，公共汽车上挤满了又冷漠又累的人，一位老妇人上了车，没人给她让座。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：空气中弥漫着愤怒，这里没有善意。A. kindness善良；B. appeal吸引力；C. curage勇气；D. security安全。根据上文“An ld wman gt n, and nbdy ffered her a 3 . Anger was in the air”可知，老妇人上了车，没人给她让座，空气中弥漫着愤怒，所以这里没有善意。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道你们今天过得很艰难，很沮丧，但我会帮你们的。A. tugh艰难的；B. average平均的；C. incredible难以置信的；D. fruitful富有成果的。根据上文“tired peple”可知，司机理解人们今天过得很艰难。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我知道你们今天过得很艰难，很沮丧，但我会帮你们的。A. wrk ut解决；B. shw up出现；C. help ut帮助……摆脱困难；D. check in登记入住。根据下文“When each f yu walks by befre getting ff, drp yur 7 int my palm (手掌). My rute ges right by the Hudsn River, int which I’ll 8 them.”可知，此处表示司机主动提出帮助乘客摆脱困难。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你们每个人下车前经过的时候，把你们的烦恼丢在我的掌心。A. mments时刻；B. trubles烦恼；C. errrs错误；D. tips建议。根据上文“The bus was full f cld, tired peple”、“Anger was in the air”、“yu are nt feeling well”和下文“int my palm (手掌). My rute ges right by the Hudsn River, int which I’ll 8 them.”语境可知，疲倦的乘客们因堵车心烦意乱，导致车上弥漫着愤怒情绪，司机想缓和这种情况，所以司机是让乘客把他们的烦恼丢在他的掌心。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的路线正好经过哈德逊河，我要把它们扔进河里。A. frget忘记；B. apprach接近；C. keep保持；D. thrw扔。根据上文“drp yur 7 int my palm”可知，此处表示把烦恼扔进河里。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都笑了起来，脸上洋溢着喜悦的光彩。A. surprise惊讶；B. pressure压力；C. jy快乐，喜悦；D. pride骄傲。根据上文“Everyne burst ut laughing”可知，每个人都笑了起来，脸上洋溢着喜悦的光彩。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一直无视对方存在的乘客们突然互相笑了——这家伙是认真的吗？A. attractin吸引力；B. existence存在；C. admiratin钦佩；D. appreciatin感激。根据上文“The bus was full f cld, tired peple”和下文“were suddenly grinning (咧嘴笑) at each ther”可知，乘客们一开始都很冷漠，不太可能会注意身边的人，司机提议后，一直无视对方存在的乘客们突然互相笑了。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了下一站，正如承诺的那样，司机伸出手，手掌向上，等待着。A. rdered命令；B. prmised承诺；C. requested要求；D. reprted报告。根据上文“When each f yu walks by befre getting ff, drp yur_7_ int my palm (手掌). My rute ges right by the Hudsn River, int which I’ll_8_ them”和下文“the driver held ut his hand, a palm up, and waited”可知，到了下一站，正如承诺的那样，司机伸出手，手掌向上，等待着接乘客们的烦恼了。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有要离开的乘客都做了一个把什么东西扔到他的手掌里的手势。A. chatting聊天；B. cming来临；C. sitting坐；D. exiting离去。根据上文“befre getting ff”和下文“perfrmed the gesture f drpping smething int his palm”可知，所有要离开的乘客都做了一个把什么东西扔到他的手掌里的手势。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：司机在接下来的每一站都重复同样的动作。A. repeated重复；B. designed设计；C. annunced宣布；D. updated更新。根据下文“the same actin at every stp that fllwed”可知，司机在接下来的每一站都重复同样的动作。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：偶尔我们会陷入灰暗的世界，但总有人能像一线光明一样照亮它，给我们带来希望。A. access进入；B. explre探索；C. balance平衡；D. brighten照亮。根据下文“like a ray f light, shwing us hpe”可知，总有人能像一线光明一样照亮我们的灰暗世界。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，任何人都有能力照亮别人的黑暗日子。A. Hwever然而；B. Additinally另外；C. Actually事实上；D. Finally最后。根据下文“anyne has the pwer t shine n thers’ dark days”可知，事实上，任何人都有能力照亮别人的黑暗日子，就像司机所做的一样。故选C。
第二节 语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Celebrating the Minr New Year (小年)
The 23rd f lunar calendar is celebrated as the Minr Festival, the festival md f ____36____ begins t pick up, frm 23rd f lunar calendar nwards. There are mre and mre traders’ stands alng the streets filled ____37____ a variety f Spring Festival gds that catch the eyes: Spring Festival cuplets, New Year paintings, windw ____38____ (decrate), paper cuts, firewrks etc. Yu can hear traders calling fr business up and dwn the streets. The Minr Festival is als knwn ____39____ the Kitchen Gd Day. In the past, Kitchen Gd, ____40____ (lay) next abve r next t the stve, was adred in every husehld. On this day, Kitchen Gd was t g and reprt t Jade Emperr (玉帝) in Heaven what he ____41____ (spt) n earth. Kitchen Gd ____42____ (believe) t be able t determine frtunes r misfrtunes f the husehld, t make it rich ____43____ pr, therefre, the husehld tk great care t adre Kitchen Gd as best they culd and nt t disrespect him in any event. Amng the fferings presented t Kitchen Gd, there was the ____44____ (taste) sugar. When Kitchen Gd tk it, his teeth and lips gt stuck up and culdn’t reprt t Jade Emperr fr anything that wuld be harmful t the husehld. After the adring was ver, ____45____ picture f Kitchen Gd was burnt and peple believed he went up t Heaven while crackers were fired.
【答案】36. which
37. with 38. decratins
39. as 40. laid
41. had sptted
42. was believed
43. r 44. tasty
45. the
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了中国的小年的习俗和庆祝活动以及它的重要性。
36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：农历二十三被称为小节，从农历二十三开始，小节的节日气氛开始升温。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Minr Festival，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作f的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
37题详解】
考查介词。句意：街上有越来越多的货排，摆满了各种各样的春节商品，吸引了人们的眼球：春联，年画、窗饰、剪纸、 烟花等。(be) filled with“装满，充满”是固定搭配。故填with。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意同上。根据前面的cuplets和paintings可知，此处应用decrate的名词decratin“装饰品”的复数形式，和前文并列，用复数表泛指。故填decratins。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：小年也被称为灶神节。be knwn as“被称为……”为固定搭配。故填as。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：过去，灶神被放在炉子的旁边或上方，家家户户都很崇拜。本句谓语为was adred，此处为非谓语动词，动词lay“放置”和名词Kitchen Gd之间是被动关系，故用过去分词，作后置定语，故填laid.
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：这一天，灶神要去和玉皇大帝报告他在人间看到的一切。spt“看出，看到”。主句用的是一般过去时，what引导的宾语从句中动作发生在主句动作之前，描述事情发生在过去的过去，从句时态应用过去完成时。故填had sptted。
【42题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：灶神被认为能够决定家庭的命运或不幸，使家庭富裕或贫穷，因此，家家户户非常注意尽可能祭拜灶神，并且在任何情况下都不会不尊重他。根据空后的tk可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，且Kitchen Gd与believe“认为，相信”之间为被动关系，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was believed。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意同上。rich和pr为选择关系，用连词r连接。故填r。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在献给灶神的祭品中，有美味的糖。空格处应用形容词tasty“美味的”，作前置定语，修饰名词sugar。故填tasty。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：祭拜结束后，灶神的画像被烧毁，同时放鞭炮，人们相信他上了天堂。此处特指“灶神的画像”，应用定冠词the。故填the。
第三节 单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据汉语和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。
46. In space, astrnauts cllect all dirty water s that it can be r__________ (再利用) fr later use. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
【答案】reused##eused
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：在太空中，宇航员收集所有脏水，以便以后再利用。表示“再利用”用reuse，且reuse与主语it之间为被动关系，本空用过去分词，与空前的can be构成含情态动词的被动语态。故填reused。
47. Henry had t p__________ (推迟) pening the letter until 2pm fr sme reasn. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
【答案】pstpne##stpne
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：由于某种原因，亨利不得不把拆信的时间推迟到下午两点。根据汉语提示“推迟”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词pstpne，had t后面接动词原形。故填pstpne。
48. The ther Chinese men in the pht a__________ (显而易见) didn’t care abut their fellw cuntrymen. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
【答案】apparently##pparently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：照片中的其他中国男人显然不关心他们的同胞。根据中英文提示可知应用副词apparently，修饰动词care。故填apparently。
49. Many f these new i__________ (创新) are already available and being used in sme hmes. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
【答案】innvatins##nnvatins
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这些新发明中的许多已经可用，并在一些家庭中使用。根据中英文提示可知应用名词innvatin，根据上文these可知为复数。故填innvatins。
50. I__________ (令人难以置信), the digitized versin sunded even better than the riginal Recrdings. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
【答案】Incredibly##ncredibly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：令人难以置信的是，数字化版本听起来比原始录音还要好。本空用副词incredibly“令人难以置信地”，作状语，修饰句子，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填Incredibly。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
51. 假定你是李华。上周你校举办了校园音乐节。请你就给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享本次活动，内容包括：1. 活动目的；2. 活动内容；3.活动反响。
注意：词数80个左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I’m excited t share with yu the experience f ur schl’s recent Music Festival, which tk place last week, with the aim f prviding students with an enjyable and diverse musical experience.
：The festival featured an array f perfrmances that catered t diverse musical tastes. Students were treated t a variety f genres. Nt nly did the event include live music, but it als incrprated dance perfrmances, interactive wrkshps, and fd stalls t create a festive atmsphere. Students were captivated by the incredible perfrmances and enthusiastically engaged with the music. They were particularly appreciative f the pprtunity t listen t different genres and discver new artists.
I wish yu culd have been there t experience it firsthand.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件，分享上周日学校举办的音乐节活动。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
提供：prvide→ ffer
各种各样：a variety f→ varius
迷住：captivate→ fascinate
极好的：incredible→ fantastic
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：The festival featured an array f perfrmances t cater t diverse musical tastes.
拓展句：The festival featured an array f perfrmances that catered t diverse musical tastes.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m excited t share with yu the experience f ur schl’s recent Music Festival, which tk place last week, with the aim t prvide students with an enjyable and diverse musical experience. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】 They were particularly appreciative f the pprtunity t listen t different genres and discver new artists. (运用了不定式t listen t作后置定语修饰名词pprtunity)
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
52. 阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
Wrapping paper flew everywhere as Cali pened her gift. The bx had a picture f a pretty girl. She was wearing white ice skates and turning arund a frzen pnd.
Cali lked up at her aunt and uncle with her big brwn eyes. “Figure skates? Ww! Hw nice f yu! But,” the little girl hesitated, “… but I dn’t knw hw t skate.” She lked embarrassed.
“Dn’t wrry,” said Aunt Lisa. “That’s the fun part — learning hw t d it!”
“That’s right,” said Uncle Gerge.“We will take yu t the ice rink(冰场)and all g skating tgether.”
“I dn’t knw…” said Cali. She wasn’t t sure she was ging t be able t d it. Smetimes she had a hard time learning new things. She lked again at the happy girl n the bx. It did lk like fun. Cali imagined herself mving and turning n the ice like a real figure skater. “Okay,” she agreed. “Let’s d it!”
The next day Cali went t the skating rink with her aunt and uncle. Her eyes twinkled and her face lit up with excitement as she lked at the ther skaters arund her. She sat dwn n the bench and slipped her feet int the skates. Hlding the strings in her fingers, she culd nt figure ut hw t tie them up. “I dn’t knw hw t d it,” she said. She felt sad that this was anther thing she culdn’t d.
“Let me shw yu.” Her aunt bent dwn n ne knee, explaining hw t put the strings arund the small hks (钩子). Then she tied them int a tight bw. “Nw, yu d the ther skate yurself. I’ll helpyu if yu need it.” Cali bent ver the skate and did what her aunt had shwed her. Her tngue stuck ut f the side f her muth as she paid attentin. After a few tries, she wrked ut hw t crss the strings arund the hks. Her aunt helped make sure the strings were nice and tight. “Yu did it!” smiled her aunt, patting Cali n the back.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
“Time t hit the ice,” her uncle said.
Paragraph 2:
Of! She fell dwn, hard.
【答案】Passage 1.
“Time t hit the ice,”her uncle said. As he helped her walk t the edge f the rink, he said,“We will hld yur hands and yu stand between us.”Cali tk their hands in hers and made her first step nt the smth ice.She grinned and tried taking a few steps.“Gd, Cali. Nw try t glide n ne ft fr just a secnd lnger n each ft as yu walk,” suggested her aunt. Then her uncle skated in frnt f her while her aunt guided her frm behind.“Skate t yur uncle nw,” she said, pushing her n the back a little t get mre speed. Cali glided unsteadily twards her uncle, taking small steps and fighting fr balance.When she reached her uncle, he encuraged her t try it n her wn.Cali wasn’t t sure abut that. It seemed like everyne else was zming past her. She started t get nervus. She lst her balance.
Passage 2.
Of! She fell dwn, hard. It hurt. She clsed her eyes and tried nt t cry. In a mment,her uncle was helping her back n feet.He smiled int her eyes.“Everyne falls dwn the first few times. Yu just have t get back up again.”Cali tk a deep breath.“Okay, I can d this.”She skated away frm her uncle tward the crwd. As she wbbled, she talked t herself.“Be brave. Keep ging. Small steps. Yes!”She had skated almst all the way arund the rink by herself! Her aunt caught up t her and tk her hand. “Lk at yu! Yu are wrking s hard and ding s well. We’re prud f yu,”said Aunt Lisa.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Cali的姨妈和姨父给她送了一双花样滑冰鞋，可是她不会滑，第二天姨妈和姨父带她去滑冰，姨妈先教会了她怎么穿溜冰鞋。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““该去溜冰了，”她姨父说。”可知，第一段可描写Cali的姨妈和姨父如何教她滑冰。
②由第二段首句内容“哦!她重重地摔倒了。”可知，第二段可描写Cali摔倒后姨妈和姨父如何鼓励她，及她如何克服困难。
2.续写线索：迈出第一步——滑向姨夫——保持平衡——站起来
3.词汇激活
行为类
①迈出第一步：made her first step/take her first step
②滑向姨夫：glide twards her uncle/slide t her uncle
③保持平衡：fight fr balance/keep balance
④站起来：back n feet/rise t ne's feet
情绪类
①笑：grin/smile
②紧张：nervus/tense
③勇敢：brave/curageus
④骄傲：be prud f/take pride in
【点睛】[高分句型1]Cali glided unsteadily twards her uncle, taking small steps and fighting fr balance.（由现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]As she wbbled, she talked t herself.（由as引导的时间状语从句）
Time
Meeting Lcatin
Sunday, Jan. 15 10:00 am — 1:00 pm
Battery Alexander Trailhead
Sunday, Jan. 22 10:00 am — 2:30 pm
Stinsn Beach Parking Lt
Sunday, Jan. 29 9:30 am — 2:30 pm
Cyte Ridge Trailhead