河南省周口恒大中学2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题

这是一份河南省周口恒大中学2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题，共19页。试卷主要包含了请将正确答案填写在答题卡上等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考试时间：120分钟；满分：120分
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将正确答案填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、C D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Driver Wanted
Clean driving license (执照).
Must be f smart appearance.
Age ver 25.
Apply t (申请): Capes Taxi, 17 Palace Rad, Rystn.
Air Hstesses fr Internatinal Flights Wanted
Applicants (申请者) must be between 20 and 33 years ld.
Height: 1. 6 m t 1. 75m.
Educatin t GCSE standard.
Tw languages. Must be able t swim.
Apply t: Recruitment (招聘) ffice, Suthern Airlines, Heathrw Airprt West. HR 37 KK.
Teachers Needed
Fr private language schl.
Having cllege educatin.
Teaching experience unnecessary.
Apply t: The Directr f Studies, Instant Languages Ltd. 279 Canal Street, Rystn.
1．What prevents Jack, an experienced taxi driver, wrking fr Capes Taxi?
A．Unable t speak a freign language.
B．Punished fr speeding and wrng parking.
C．Fnd f beer and wine.
D．Nt having cllege educatin.
2．What prevents Mary, aged 25, becming an air hstess?
A．She has never wrked as an air hstess befre.
B．She desn't feel like wrking lng hurs flying abrad.
C．She can't speak Japanese very well.
D．She nce brke a traffic law and was fined
3．Which f the fllwing is nt mentined in the three advertisements?
A．Educatin.B．Wrking experience.
C．Male r female.D．Marriage.
B
“Clur” and “clr”, “favurite” and “favrite”, “hnur” and “hnr”… Have yu ever wndered why Americans spell thse wrds withut a “u”? Is it because they are lazy? Of curse nt. In fact, the difference in spelling was started by Nah Webster(1758 — 1843). He was a teacher wh refrmed (改革) English t make American identity (特征) strnger. Linguists (语言学家) celebrate his birthday n Octber 16 every year.
After the Revlutinary War (1775 — 1783), Webster believed that Americans shuld have their wn dictinary, rather than rely n British dictinaries. He drpped the British “u” in sme wrds. And he changed “centre” int “center” fr children t learn English by spelling wrds mre like what they sunded. He used “subway” instead f British wrd “undergrund”. Sme ther examples are “sccer” and “ftball”, “fall” and “autumn”.
Webster wasn’t shy abut expressing his pinins. In defining (定义) prepsterus(unreasnable), he wrte: “A republican gvernment in the hands f female is prepsterus.” Webster spent 28 years n the prject befre cmpleting the 70,000-wrd dictinary with his American-style spelling in 1828. He als added lcal wrds.
His dictinary was widely used in schls. Linguists believed it helped a new cuntry achieve unity (统一) and cultural independence at a time when mst peple cared abut plitical freedm.
“He was the creatr f ur language and the creatr f American identity,” said Jshua Kendall, wh is wrking n a bk abut Webster. “He at last brught us tgether thrugh ur language.”
4．Which is NOT true abut Webster’s dictinary?
A．It has lcal wrds in it.
B．It is a 70,000-wrd dictinary.
C．All the wrds are spelled withut “u”.
D．Its wrds are in American-style spelling.
5．What des the underlined phrase “rely n” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Depend n.B．Trust in.C．Put up with.D．Give up.
6．What d peple think f Webster’s dictinary?
A．It is the nly dictinary that Americans still use tday.
B．It helped t bring Americans tgether besides its cultural influence.
C．It has n influence n the develpment f American English.
D．It helped t make American English mre useful than British English.
7．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．The develpment f the British English.
B．American English is better than British English.
C．Nah Webster added lcal wrds t the dictinary.
D．Nah Webster wrte an American English dictinary and refrmed English.
C
One August afternn, Richard Allen drpped ff his last passenger, Mrs. Carey. Lifting tw grcery bags, he fllwed her acrss the yard and std n the step f her huse. Glancing up, he saw a large wasp (黄蜂) nest under the rf. Allen had heard that wasps can becme mre likely t sting (蜇) in summer. He mentined this t Mrs. Carey, wh had pened the dr.
“Oh, they dn’t bther me,” she said lightly. “I g in and ut all the time.”
Anxiusly, Allen lked at the nest again—— t see the wasps flying straight at him. “Hurry!” he shuted t Mrs. Carey. “Get in!”
She stepped quickly inside. Allen ran fr his mini-bus. T late; they were upn him. Just as he jumped abard, half a dzen red spts shwed n his arm, and he felt mre n his back and shulders.
As he was driving dwn the rad, Allen felt as if smething was burning at the back f his neck, and the “fire” was spreading frward tward his face. And immediate anxiety tk hld f him. Allen knew that stings culd cause sme persns t die. But he had been stung the previus summer and the after-effects sn passed. Hwever, what he didn’t knw what that the first sting had turned his bdy int a time bmb waiting fr the next t set ff an explsin.
Miles frm the nearest medical assistance, Allen began t feel his tngue thick and heavy and his heartbeat luder. Mst frightening, he felt his breathing mre and mre difficult. He reached fr the radi mike (话筒), trying t call the mini-bus center, but his wrds were hardly understandable. Signals were als pr that far ut. He knew a rescue team was n 24-hur duty at the Amherst Fire Department’s nrth statin. S his best chance was t make a run fr it.
Rushing dwn the muntain, Allen tried nt t panic, fcusing his mind n each sharp turn. He was almst thrugh the last f them when he felt sure he was ging int shck (休克). Just then he reached fr the radi mike again.
“Call fire statin,” he shuted, cncentrating t frm the wrds. “Emergency. Bee sting. Emergency. There in ten minutes.”
“Five-ten,” the center replied.
Hld n, Allen thught. Keep yur eyes pen. Breathe. Keep awake.
At last he reached the statin. Tw firemen ran ut. Allen felt their hands grasp him befre he hit the grund. Yu made it, he thught.
8．It is mentined in the passage that wasps are mre likely t attack when _______.
A．there are huge nises
B．strangers are appraching
C．the air is filled with fd smell
D．the httest seasn cmes arund
9．Allen didn’t knw that if stung by wasps again, he wuld _______.
A．have n after-effects
B．suffer frm sharper pain
C．surely lse his life
D．becme mre sensitive
10．Allen failed at his first attempt t send his message t the mini-bus center because _______.
A．he was unable t speak clearly
B．his radi equipment was pr
C．he was in a state f shck
D．n ne was n duty
11．Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Allen, A Helpless Driver
B．Wasps, Bldy Killers
C．A Race Against Death
D．War Against Wasps
D
Army ants are mainly distributed in Suth America and Africa and mstly live in the Amazn River basin. They like t live in grups and generally ne r tw millin in a grup. They are migratry, have n fixed n the mve. When encuntering bstacles such as gaps, army ants are able t cnnect their bdies t each ther and build a bridge fr large grups f ants t pass thrugh, saving crawling distance. The bridge can be built and remved very quickly, in secnds.
Christpher Reid f the University f Sydney’s Insect Behaviur and Eclgy Labratry, said that when studying the ant bridge, he initially assumed that nce the ant bridge was built the tw end psitins f the bridge wuld be fixed, and the bridge itself wuld be relatively statinary (不动的).
Hwever, after bservatin, it was fund that the ant bridge wuld cnstantly change accrding t the army ants’ knwledge f the utside wrld. The ant bridge can mve slwly frm the riginal psitin, increasing the number f ants in the bridge, extending the length f the bridge, s that ther ants may save a lt f effrts by using the ant bridge instead f taking ther rutes. In this way, it can cntinuusly cmpress the distance t the target area.
Meanwhile, the researchers have als fund that the changing ant bridge des nt always achieve the shrtest distance. When the bridge is extended t a certain extent, the number f ants invlved in the cnstructin f the ant bridge will nt cntinue t increase, and the length f the bridge will stp grwing.
Researchers believe that army ants use the best methds in the cnstructin f bridges. Since the ants invlved in building the bridge are unable t participate in ther wrk, the clny stps putting in mre ants as sn as it finds that the number f ants put int extending the bridge is ut f balance with the number f ants needed fr ther jbs.
12．What is mainly intrduced abut army ants in paragraph 1?
A．Their migratin.B．Their distributin.
C．Their living habits.D．Their hunting targets.
13．What did the research find abut the bridge built by army ants ?
A．It becmes lnger cnstantly.
B．It keeps unchanged nce built.
C．It achieves the shrtest distance.
D．It is adjusted accrding t the needs.
14．What des the underlined wrd “cmpress” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Reduce.B．Calculate.C．Neglect.D．Judge.
15．What is the writing purpse f the text ?
A．T stress the imprtance f cperatin.
B．T explain army ants’ incredible strength.
C．T shw army ants’ cllective intelligence.
D．T indicate the harmny between nature and human.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Usually, yu spend mst f yur time at hme. 16 Hwever, with all the smells a hme experiences, such as thse created by cking, peple and pets, keeping it smelling gd is ften a difficult task. A bad-smelling hme is nt nly unpleasant t visit, but gives the impressin that yur hme is als unclean, which isn’t always the case. Frtunately, yu can keep yur hme smelling fresh and clean with a few techniques.
17 Additinally, pick up any bjects frm the flr, such as clthing r twels, and place them in the bx. Wash yur dishes daily, which will keep yur hme smelling fresh.
Dust the bjects in yur hme nce weekly. Rub a sft clth ver yur televisin and tp f furniture t remve the dusty layer. Use a plishing spray fr extra shine.
Wash yur bedclthes n a weekly basis. Sheets, blankets and pillw cases ften hld germs, which cause a smell t ccur. S wash them regularly. 18
Bathe yur dg and its bedding regularly. A dg’s smell can transmit frm the animal t yur flrs, furniture and bedclthes. Wash the dg t prevent smells, as well as dirt, mud and ther materials frm being transferred frm yur dg t yur items in yur hme. 19 Brushing daily can als release smells and materials that can cause the dg t create a ful smell in yur hme.
Shamp（用洗涤剂洗）yur carpets. 20 S the dirty carpets can make yur entire hme smell nt-s-fresh. Cleaning carpets can remve any trapped smells as well.
A．Mst dgs like having a bath.
B．Wipe dwn yur kitchen daily.
C．Yu find yur hme is always in a mess.
D．Smells ften becme trapped in the material.
E．Mst dgs benefit frm an nce-a-week bath.
F．Obviusly, it’s wrthwhile t spend time n them.
G．It is certain that yu want a hme which smells fresh.
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30 分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mrs. Jnes was ver eighty, but she still drve her ld car like a wman half her age. She lved driving very fast, and was prud f the fact 21 she had never, in her thirty-five years f driving, been punished 22 a driving ffence (犯规，犯法). Then ne day she nearly 23 her recrd. A plice car 24 her, and the plicemen in it saw her 25 a red light withut stpping. Of curse, she was stpped. It seemed 26 that she wuld be punished 27 Mrs. Jnes came up t the judge, he lked at her seriusly and said that she was 28 ld t drive a car, and that the 29 why she had nt stpped at the red 30 was mst prbably that her eyes had becme weak 31 ld age, s that she had simply nt seen it. When the judge had finished what he was 32 , Mrs. Jnes pened the big handbag she was 33 and tk ut her sewing. Withut saying a wrd, she 34 a needle with a very small eye, and threaded it at her first attempt. When she had 35 dne this, she tk the thread ut f the needle again and handed bth the needle and the thread t the judge, saying, “Nw it is yur turn. I suppse yu drive a car, and that yu are quite sure abut yur wn eyesight.”
The judge tk the needle and tried t thread it. After half a dzen tries, he had still nt succeeded. The case (案例) against Mrs. Jnes was dismissed, and her recrd remained unbrken.
21．A．whichB．whenC．thatD．this
22．A．abutB．nC．tD．fr
23．A．keptB．wnC．missedD．lst
24．A．watchedB．afterC．fllwedD．ran after
25．A．passB．gC．runD．rush
26．A．sureB．indeedC．certainD．perhaps
27．A．BefreB．WhileC．UntilD．When
28．A．sB．veryC．tD．quite
29．A．causeB．reasnC．matterD．truble
30．A．lightB．lampC．signD．ne
31．A．withB．becauseC．frD．f
32．A．speakingB．sayingC．talkingD．telling
33．A．hldingB．gettingC．carryingD．bringing
34．A．tkB．brughtC．pickedD．chse
35．A．almstB．hardlyC．successfullyD．successful
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Living in space is every wuld-be astrnaut’s dream. My six-mnth stay n a space statin 36 (cme) t an end, and it has been 37 challenging but magical adventure. I bet yu’d lve t knw what daily life is 38 up in space and hw it differs frm 39 n the Earth—the lw gravity definitely makes rdinary things strange!
The 40 (strange) f living in space is apparent frm the mment we sleep. The rutine tasks that ccupy mst f the day are demanding, but they can als be 41 (extreme) rewarding. The mst challenging wrk takes place when we need t perfrm tasks utside the space statin. In view f the lw-gravity envirnment, 42 (eat) is als different in space.
Spending sme time in the gym is f vital imprtance t astrnauts, health. We have t 43 (tie) nt specially designed exercise equipment 44 (stp) urselves frm flating arund.
During ur leisure time, there’s nthing we like mre than t sit back 45 the rest f the crew and watch ur remarkable planet g by, taking pictures fr ur family and friends back hme.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46．假定你是红星中学学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他计划在学校组织一个有关中国传统文化的社团，向你征求建议。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐具体社团类型；
2. 给出推荐理由；
3. 表达期待与祝愿。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 续写的词数应为150左右。
Gustav’s favrite sprt is sccer. When he was nly fur years ld, his lder brther taught him hw t kick the ball. At first, Gustav was never able t make the ball g where he wanted it t g. Nw Gustav is eight years ld,and he has had a lt f practice. Gustav’s brther likes t kick the ball with his right ft.“But Gustav desn’t. Instead,he likes t kick it with his left ft s that it makes a lud sund-thwack! Gustav calls it his lucky left ft.When Gustav kicks the sccer ball hard with his left ft,he can make it fly int the gal.
Gustav lives in Ri de Janeir,ne f the biggest cities in Brazil. Ri de Janeir is n the beach and has very warm weather. All f Gustav’s friends lve t play sccer when they get ut f schl. Tday, there is a new by at schl. His name is Felipe,and he cmes frm Sa Paul. Sa Paul is anther city in Brazil and has lts f tall buildings called skyscrapers.After schl, the bys invite Felipe t play sccer with them. Felipe says kay but lks very nervus,
As they walk t the sccer field, Gustav asks Felipe,”What’s wrng?“ Felipe sighs and says,”I dn’t knw hw t play sccer. I tried nce and everybdy laughed at me.“ Gustav pats Felipe n the shulder.”That’s alright,“ says Gustav.”I used t be really bad t. Yu have t keep trying.”
The game starts,and Gustav mves t the frnt f the field. He plays the frward psitin and is always trying t scre a gal n the ther team, Gustav feels happy every time he plays sccer and tnight he is playing even better than usual. He steals the ball frm the ther team and runs with it as fast as he can. Finally he has scred tw gals.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
After the game, Gustav and Felipe stay n the field t practice.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The rest f the week Gustav and Felipe practice n the sccer field after the ther bys leave.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．B 2．B 3．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三篇广告，招聘不同的职位以及具体要求。
1．细节理解题。根据Driver Wanted部分“Clean driving license (执照).(干净的驾驶执照)”可知，应聘成为司机需要良好的驾驶记录，结合选项，“因超速和违章停车而受到处罚”会阻止杰克为Capes Taxi工作。故选B项 。
2．细节理解题。根据Air Hstesses fr Internatinal Flights Wanted部分“Air Hstesses fr Internatinal Flights Wanted(招聘国际航班空姐)”可知，“不想在国外长时间工作”会阻止25岁的玛丽成为国际航班的空姐。故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据Air Hstesses fr Internatinal Flights Wanted部分，“Air Hstesses fr Internatinal Flights Wanted(招聘国际航班空姐)”可知，词是国际航班招聘空姐，广告提及了对性别的要求；根据Teachers Needed部分“Having cllege educatin. Teaching experience unnecessary.(受过大学教育。没有必要有教学经验)”可知，广告提及了对教育和工作经验的要求，文中没有提及婚姻要求。故选D项。
4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了语言学家Nah Webster编制了美式英语字典，希望美式英语有自己的特点，在文化和国家统一方面产生了深远的影响。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“He drpped the British ‘u’ in sme wrds.(他在一些单词中省略了英式的“u”。)”可知，只是一些单词里被省略了英式的“u”，并不是所有的单词。因此，选项C“All the wrds are spelled withut ‘u’.(所有单词的拼写都没有“u”。) ”在表述上是错误的。故选C项。
5．词义猜测题。分析可知，画线短语前“rather than(而不是)”表达相反关系，而前文“Webster believed that Americans shuld have their wn dictinary(Webster认为美国人应该有自己的字典)”表达了“有自己的美式字典”，即，不需要依赖英式词典。由此推知，“rely n”应是“依靠，依赖”含义，与选项A“Depend n.(依靠，依赖)”表达含义一致。故选A项。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“Linguists believed it helped a new cuntry achieve unity and cultural independence at a time when mst peple cared abut plitical freedm.(语言学家认为，在大多数人关心政治自由的时候，它帮助一个新国家实现了统一和文化独立。)”可知，语言学家认为Webster的美式词典使美国在文化上实现了独立和统一，使美国人通过共同的美式英语走到了一起。由此可推知，在人们看来，除了它的文化影响外，它还帮助美国人团结起来。故选B项。
7．主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，文章首段内容“In fact, the difference in spelling was started by Nah Webster (1758-1843). He was a teacher wh refrmed English t make American identity strnger.(事实上，拼写上的差异始于Nah Webster（1758-1843）。他是一名教师，他改革了英式英语，使其更具有美式特点。)”为主题句，即，文章主要讲述了Nah Webster对英式英语的改革，编写了美式英语词典，使其更具备美式特点，在影响方面从文化方面延伸到国家统一。选项D“Nah Webster wrte an American English dictinary and refrmed English.(Nah Webster写了一本美国英语词典，改革了英语。)”可概括文章主旨大意。故选D项。
8．D 9．C 10．A 11．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了理查德·艾伦被黄蜂蜇后的自救的故事及与死亡作斗争的过程。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Allen had heard that wasps can becme mre likely t sting in summer.(艾伦听说黄蜂在夏天更容易蜇人。)”可知，文章中提到，当最热的季节到来时，黄蜂更容易攻击。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Hwever, what he didn’t knw was that the first sting had turned his bdy int a time bmb waiting fr the next t set ff an explsin.(然而，他不知道的是，第一次刺痛已经把他的身体变成了一个定时炸弹，等待下一次引爆。)”可知，他并不知道的是他的第一次被蜇已经使他的身体变成了再蜇一次便随即爆炸的定时炸弹。由此可知，艾伦不知道，如果再被黄蜂蜇一下，他肯定会没命。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“He reached fr the radi mike , trying t call the mini-bus center, but his wrds were hardly understandable.(他伸手去拿麦克风，试图给小巴中心打电话，但他的话让人听不懂。)”可知，艾伦第一次尝试向小巴中心发送信息时失败了，因为他说话不清楚。故选A。
11．主旨大意题。文章讲述了理查德·艾伦被黄蜂蜇后的自救的故事及与死亡作斗争的过程。由此可知，C项：A Race Against Death(与死亡赛跑)是最合适的标题。故选C。
12．C 13．D 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了军蚁的生活习性、集体行为以及它们在建造桥梁时展现出的智慧，通过具体的事例和观察结果来阐述军蚁的特点和行为模式。
12．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Army ants are mainly distributed in Suth America and Africa and mstly live in the Amazn River basin. They like t live in grups and generally ne r tw millin in a grup. They are migratry, have n fixed n the mve. When encuntering bstacles such as gaps, army ants are able t cnnect their bdies t each ther and build a bridge fr large grups f ants t pass thrugh, saving crawling distance. The bridge can be built and remved very quickly, in secnds.(行军蚁主要分布在南美洲和非洲，主要生活在亚马逊河流域。它们喜欢群居，通常是一到两百万只。它们是迁徙的，没有固定的迁徙地点。当遇到缝隙等障碍物时，军蚁能够将彼此的身体连接在一起，为大群蚂蚁搭建桥梁，从而节省爬行距离。这座桥可以在几秒钟内迅速建造和拆除)”可知，本段主要介绍了军蚁的生活习性，如它们喜欢群居，一般一个群体有一两百万只，它们是迁徙性的，没有固定的住所，遇到障碍时可以连接身体建造桥梁等。故选C项。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hwever, after bservatin, it was fund that the ant bridge wuld cnstantly change accrding t the army ants’ knwledge f the utside wrld. The ant bridge can mve slwly frm the riginal psitin, increasing the number f ants in the bridge, extending the length f the bridge, s that ther ants may save a lt f effrts by using the ant bridge instead f taking ther rutes.(但经过观察发现，蚂蚁桥会根据军蚁对外部世界的了解情况不断变化。蚂蚁桥可以从原来的位置慢慢移动，增加桥中蚂蚁的数量，延长桥的长度，这样其他蚂蚁可以通过使用蚂蚁桥而不是走其他路线来节省很多精力)”可知，军蚁建造的桥梁会根据需要不断调整。故选D项。
14．词句猜测题。根据前文“The ant bridge can mve slwly frm the riginal psitin, increasing the number f ants in the bridge, extending the length f the bridge, s that ther ants may save a lt f effrts by using the ant bridge instead f taking ther rutes.(蚂蚁桥可以从原来的位置慢慢移动，增加桥中蚂蚁的数量，延长桥的长度，这样其他蚂蚁可以通过使用蚂蚁桥而不是走其他路线来节省很多精力)”可知，军蚁建造的桥梁可以不断增加蚂蚁的数量，延长桥梁的长度，这样其他蚂蚁就可以节省很多精力，而不是走其他路线。因此，军蚁建造桥梁的目的是为了不断“减少”到达目标区域的距离，即cmpress在这里的意思是“减少”，和A项意思相近。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Researchers believe that army ants use the best methds in the cnstructin f bridges. Since the ants invlved in building the bridge are unable t participate in ther wrk, the clny stps putting in mre ants as sn as it finds that the number f ants put int extending the bridge is ut f balance with the number f ants needed fr ther jbs.(研究人员认为，军蚁在建造桥梁时使用了最好的方法。由于参与建造桥梁的蚂蚁无法参与其他工作，一旦发现用于建造桥梁的蚂蚁数量与其他工作所需的蚂蚁数量失衡，蚁群就会停止投入更多的蚂蚁)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了军蚁的集体智慧，如建造桥梁、根据外界情况不断调整桥梁等，因此写作目的是展示军蚁的集体智慧。故选C项。
16．G 17．B 18．F 19．E 20．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些使家里保持干净和气味清新的措施。
16．根据前一句“Usually, yu spend mst f yur time at hme.（通常，你的大部分时间都是在家里度过的）”可知，待在家里的时候肯定想要一个整洁的环境和闻起来清新的家。G项“你肯定想要有一个闻起来清新的家”符合语境。故选G。
17．根据空后“Additinally, pick up any bjects frm the flr, such as clthing r twels, and place them in the bx. Wash yur dishes daily, which will keep yur hme smelling fresh.（此外，从地板上捡起任何物品，如衣服或毛巾，并将其放入盒子中。每天洗碗，这会让你的家保持清新。）”可知，本段主要讲述怎么做才能保持家里清新整洁的具体措施，B项“每天打扫厨房”也是具体的举措之一，符合语境。故选B。
18．根据前文“Wash yur bedclthes n a weekly basis.（每周洗一次床上用品。）”可知，每周洗一次床上用品也是保持家里整洁清新的必要措施，所以花费一些时间也是必要的。F项“显然，花时间在这些问题上是值得的。”符合语境。故选F。
19．根据前文“Bathe yur dg and its bedding regularly.（定期给你的狗和它的被褥洗澡。）”可知，保持家里清新的必要措施是给狗和它的被褥洗澡，E项中的Mst dgs呼应本文中的主题。“benefit frm an nce-a-week bath（从每周的洗澡中受益）”能够承接下文，讲述了给狗洗澡的好处。故选E。
20．根据“Shamp（用洗涤剂洗）yur carpets.（用洗涤剂清洗地毯）”可知，本段讲述为什么要清洗地毯，D项的 the material指的是carpets，以及空后“S the dirty carpets can make yur entire hme smell nt-s-fresh. （所以脏地毯会让你的整个家闻起来不那么清新。）”可知，难闻的气味会藏在毛毯下，D项能够承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
21．C 22．D 23．D 24．C 25．A 26．C 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．A 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．C
【分析】试题分析：本文讲述的了年过八十的喜欢开快车的琼斯女士因为闯红灯被跟在她车后的警察逮到而上法庭，在被警察逮到前她非常骄傲她的记录——开车三十五年，从未因为犯规而被惩罚。在法官本因为年龄过高，眼神不好使为由判她无罪时，琼斯女士为证明自己宝刀未老而从针线包内拿出超细鼻眼的针毫无障碍地在法官面前穿了一遍，并且她还邀请法官穿。结果，琼斯女士被惩罚，她引以为傲的记录被打破。
21．考查同位语从句。She lved driving very fast, and was prud f the fact she had never, in her thirty-five years f driving, been punished a driving ffence. The fact 后接的是同位语从句，跟在fact后的引导词一般是that.句意：她喜欢开飞车，并且她还有个令她骄傲的事实——在她开车生涯的35年中，她从没有因为违章驾驶而被惩罚。故选C.
22．考查介词辨析。punish sb fr sth/ding sth 因某事/犯某事而惩罚某人 punish sth by/with sth 对……判罪，判定……的处罚。Punish不跟A.B. C.几个介词搭配使用。句意：她喜欢开飞车，并且她还有个令她骄傲的事实——在她开车生涯的35年中，她从没有因为违章驾驶而被惩罚。故选D.
23．考查动词辨析。A.保持，维持B.赢得C.错过D.失去，丢掉 句意：然而有一天她差点儿失去了她的记录。故选D.
24．考查动词辨析。A.观察，注释 B.在……之后 C.跟在……后面 D.追赶，追逐 句意：一个警察巡逻车跟在她后面，警察在车内看到她经过红灯而没停。故选C.
25．考查动词辨析。A.经过 B.走，趋于 C.奔跑，经营 D.冲，奔。句意：巡逻车跟在她后面，警察在车内看到她经过红灯而没停。故选A.
26．考查形容词辨析。A.确切的，一定的B.确实，的确 C.无疑的，确定的D.或许 A.C的区别在于certain强调的是对客观事实的确定 而sure强调的是对主观认识的肯定，并且在It…that…中只能用certain.句意：她即将被惩处似乎毫无疑问。故选C.
27．考查连词辨析。A.在……之前B.然而，当……时候C.直到……D.当……时候 B.D的区别在于，while后接延续性动作。句意：当琼斯女士出现在法官面前时，法官仔细地看了看她，说，她太老以至于不能开车。故选D.
28．考查t…t…的用法。T…t…太……以至于不能……句意：当琼斯女士出现在法官面前时，法官仔细地看了看她，说，她太老以至于不能开车。
29．考查名词辨析。A.原因 B.理由，原因C.物质，原因 D.麻烦 and that the why she had nt stpped at…根据分析排除D.，固定搭配：the reasn why… ……的原因。句意：他说，她不能再红灯面前停车的原因是她视力因为年事已高而变得微弱。故选B.
30．考查细节推理。根据A plice car her, and the plicemen in it saw her a red light withut stpping.可以推断出at the red was mst prbably that横线上填light。句意：他说，她不能再红灯面前停车的原因是她视力因为年事已高而变得微弱。故选A.
31．考查连词辨析。A.因为B.因为C.因为，为了D.由……组成 B.C后一般跟句子，原文中横线后跟的是ld age。句意：他说，她不能再红灯面前停车的原因是她视力因为年事已高而变得微弱，以至于她不能轻易地看见。故选A.
32．考查细节推理。四个选项都有说，讲的意思，但根据he lked at her seriusly and said that she was ld t drive a car, 可以推断出横线上填saying。句意：当法官讲完了他想说的话后，琼斯女士打开了她携带的大包然后拿出了她的小针线包。故选B.
33．考查动词辨析。A.坚持，开展 B.得到，获得 C.携带D.带来 句意：当法官讲完了他想说的话后，琼斯女士打开了她携带的大包然后拿出了她的小针线包。故选C.
34．考查动词辨析。A.拿，取B.带来C.挑选D.选出 根据分析得出，横线上应填选出，拿出之意，A.C.D都符合，但take ut/pick up才有取出，拿出，选出之意，句意：当法官讲完了他想说的话后，琼斯女士打开了她携带的大包然后拿出了她的小针线包。故选D.
35．考查副词辨析。A.几乎 B.几乎不C.成功地D.成功的 When she had dne this据分析横向上应填一个表肯定的副词，排除B.D.句意：当她成功的一穿即过后，她把线拉出来，将针和线递给法官。故选C.
考点：考查记叙文阅读.
36．has cme 37．a 38．like 39．that 40．strangeness 41．extremely 42．eating 43．be tied 44．t stp 45．with
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了自己在太空站的六个月的奇妙经历。
36．考查时态。句意：在太空生活是每个想成为宇航员的人的梦想。我在空间站的六个月停留已经结束，这是一次充满挑战但神奇的冒险。根据and可知，前后时态一致，为现在完成时，主语stay为单数，故填has cme。
37．考查冠词。句意：在太空生活是每个想成为宇航员的人的梦想。我在空间站的六个月停留已经结束，这是一次充满挑战但神奇的冒险。此处表示泛指一次冒险，应使用不定冠词，且challenging发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。
38．考查介词。句意：我敢打赌，你一定很想知道太空中的日常生活是什么样的，以及它与地球上的生活有何不同——低重力肯定会让普通的事情变得奇怪！此处对事物的性质进行提问，应使用介词like，表示“像”，故填like。
39．考查代词。句意：我敢打赌，你一定很想知道太空中的日常生活是什么样的，以及它与地球上的生活有何不同——低重力肯定会让普通的事情变得奇怪！此处表示前面提到的同类事物daily life，为单数，应使用that，故填that。
40．考查名词。句意：从我们睡觉的那一刻起，生活在太空中的陌生感就显而易见了。此处应使用名词作主语，应使用strangeness，为不可数名词，故填strangeness。
41．考查副词。句意：占据一天大部分时间的日常任务要求很高，但也可能是非常有回报的。此处应使用副词修饰形容词rewarding作状语，故填extremely。
42．考查动名词。句意：鉴于低重力环境，在太空中进食也有所不同。此处使用动名词作主语，故填eating。
43．考查语态。句意：我们必须绑在专门设计的锻炼设备上，以防止自己四处漂浮。have t d固定搭配，意为“不得不做”，主语we和动词tie是被动关系，所以此处应用be dne的形式，放在不定式后面，故填be tied。
44．考查动词不定式。句意：我们必须绑在专门设计的锻炼设备上，以防止自己四处漂浮。此处表示目的，应使用动词不定式，故填t stp。
45．考查介词。句意：在我们的休闲时间里，没有什么比和其他船员坐在一起，看着我们非凡的星球经过，为我们的家人和朋友在家里拍照更让我们喜欢的了。此处表示“和……一起”，应使用介词with，故填with。
46．Dear Jim,
I’m glad t hear yu are planning t start a schl club at yur schl. I’m writing t ffer sme suggestins as yu requested in yur last letter.
In my pinin, a Chinese painting club wuld be a gd chice. My reasns are as fllws. Fr ne thing, Chinese painting is a frm f art with a lng histry, which stands fr the civilizatin f ancient China. Fr anther, the club may appeal t many students, because there is n language barrier when it cmes t the appreciatin and creatin f art.
I hpe my advice will be f help t yu and I wish yu every success in the prcess f starting and running the club. I’m lking frward t hearing frm yu.
Sincerely yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jim写封邮件，对于他计划在学校组织一个有关中国传统文化的社团一事提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
在我看来：in my pinin→frm the pint f my view
代表：stand fr→represent
吸引：appeal t→attract
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my pinin, a Chinese painting club wuld be a gd chice.
拓展句：I think that a Chinese painting club wuld be a gd chice.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Fr ne thing, Chinese painting is a frm f art with a lng histry, which stands fr the civilizatin f ancient China.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Fr anther, the club may appeal t many students, because there is n language barrier when it cmes t the appreciatin and creatin f art.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
47．One pssible versin:
After the game, Gustav and Felipe stay n the field t practice. Gustav shws Felipe hw he kicks with his lucky left ft. When Felipe tries t kick the ball, it ges in the wrng directin. Gustav desn’t laugh at Felipe. Instead, he lks and sees that Felipe is kicking the wrng part f the ball with his ft. Gustav shws Felipe where t kick the ball, and later Felipe is a little bit better.
The rest f the week Gustav and Felipe practice n the sccer field after the ther bys leave. Felipe als practices kicking the ball befre schl. The next week Felipe takes part in his first sccer match. Thwack! Felipe kicks the ball with his strng ft and it flies thrugh the sky int the gal. Everybdy cheers and Felipe feels like he is the king f the sccer field. Felipe pens his arms and gives Gustav a big hug. Nw Felipe lks frward t playing sccer everyday, and Gustav has a new friend.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了主人公古斯塔沃和费利佩一起踢足球并最终成为好朋友的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“比赛结束后，古斯塔沃和费利佩留在场上训练。”可知，第一段可描写他们在比赛结束后留在场上训练的经过。。
②由第二段首句内容“这一周剩下的时间里，其他男孩离开后，古斯塔沃和费利佩在足球场上训练。”可知，第二段可描写古斯塔沃和费利佩在不断训练后，费利佩终于取得了巨大的进步，并且古斯塔沃也有了一个新朋友。。
2.续写线索：古斯塔沃和费利佩留在场上训练——古斯塔沃教费利佩踢球——费利佩开始会一点技巧——古斯塔沃和费利佩继续他们的训练——费利佩参加比赛并且表现很好——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①展示：shws /demnstrate
②.参加：takes part in/participate in
③.盼望，期待：lks frward t/expect/hpe
情绪类
①.嘲笑：laugh at / make fun f
②.欢呼：cheers / jubilate/ hail
【点睛】[高分句型1]. When Felipe tries t kick the ball, it ges in the wrng directin.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句。）
[高分句型2]. Instead, he lks and sees that Felipe is kicking the wrng part f the ball with his ft.（运用了that引导的宾语从句。）
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
B
B
D
C
A
B
D
D
C
A
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
C
C
D
A
C
G
B
F
E
D
题号
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
C
D
D
C
A
C
D
C
B
A
题号
31
32
33
34
35





答案
A
B
C
D
C