【英语】湖南省衡南县2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试试卷（解析版）

这是一份【英语】湖南省衡南县2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试试卷（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Enchanting Scenery f Zhangjiajie
Nestled in China’s Hunan prvince, Zhangjiajie ffers a unique and breathtaking landscape, a testament t nature’s unbund creativity. This regin, famus fr its therwrldly rck frmatins and deep grges, is a ppular destinatin fr travelers seeking an escape int nature’s wnders.
Tianmen Muntain
Tianmen Muntain, the tallest peak in Zhangjiajie, stands tall at 1,518 meters. Its mst famus attractin is the Tianmen Cave, a natural arch that spans ver 100 meters wide and ffers a breathtaking view f the surrunding muntains. The muntain als basts a challenging glass walkway, ffering visitrs a thrilling walk abve the cluds.
Zhangjiajie Natinal Frest Park
This park is a shelter fr nature lvers, basting ver 2,400 species f plants and animals. Its highlights include the “Avatar” Hallelujah Muntains, which were a filming lcatin fr the ppular mvie “Avatar”. The park’s hiking trails ffer visitrs the chance t explre its thick frests and breathtaking valleys.
Huangshi Village
Knwn fr its traditinal Tujia architecture, Huangshi Village ffers a glimpse int the rich cultural heritage f the lcal cmmunity. Visitrs can enjy the village’s peaceful atmsphere, admire the unique stne huses, and taste the delicius lcal cuisine.
Bafeng Lake
This beautiful lake, surrunded by lush green hills, ffers a serene and peaceful escape. Bating n the lake, ne can appreciate the reflectins f the surrunding muntains, creating a picture-perfect scene.
1. Which f the fllwing is NOT a feature f Tianmen Muntain?
A. It is the tallest peak in Zhangjiajie.
B. Its glass walkway makes visitrs thrilled.
C. It is famus fr its flat and featureless landscape.
D. It takes pride in a natural arch called Tianmen Cave.
2. Where was the mvie “Avatar” filmed?
A. Tianmen Muntain.B. Zhangjiajie Natinal Frest Park.
C. Huangshi Village.D. Bafeng Lake.
3. What cultural aspect f Zhangjiajie can visitrs experience in Huangshi Village?
A. The beauty f its lakes.
B. The traditinal architecture and cuisine.
C. The diversity f its plant species.
D. The uniqueness f its rck frmatins.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了张家界迷人风光：集自然奇观、人文韵味于一体的湖南心脏地带梦幻之地。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tianmen Muntain下的“Tianmen Muntain, the tallest peak in Zhangjiajie, stands tall at 1,518 meters. Its mst famus attractin is the Tianmen Cave, a natural arch that spans ver 100 meters wide and ffers a breathtaking view f the surrunding muntains. The muntain als basts a challenging glass walkway, ffering visitrs a thrilling walk abve the cluds.(天门山是张家界的最高峰，高达1518米。它最著名的景点是天门洞，这是一个100多米宽的天然拱门，可以看到周围群山的壮丽景色。这座山还拥有一条具有挑战性的玻璃栈道，为游客提供了一次惊险的云端漫步)”可知，以平坦而无特色的风景而闻名不是天门山的特色。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Zhangjiajie Natinal Frest Park下的“Its highlights include the “Avatar” Hallelujah Muntains, which were a filming lcatin fr the ppular mvie “Avatar”.(它的亮点包括“阿凡达”哈利路亚山脉，这是热门电影“阿凡达”的拍摄地)”可知，电影《阿凡达》是在张家界国家森林公园拍摄的。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Huangshi Village下的“Knwn fr its traditinal Tujia architecture, Huangshi Village ffers a glimpse int the rich cultural heritage f the lcal cmmunity. Visitrs can enjy the village’s peaceful atmsphere, admire the unique stne huses, and taste the delicius lcal cuisine.(黄石村以其传统的土家族建筑而闻名，让人们得以一窥当地社区丰富的文化遗产。游客可以享受村庄的宁静氛围，欣赏独特的石头房子，品尝美味的当地美食)”可知，游客在黄石村可以体验到张家界的传统的建筑和美食。故选B项。
B
Sng Yingxing was a Chinese scientist and encyclpedist (百科全书编纂者) wh lived during the late Ming Dynasty. The British bichemist and histrian Jseph Needham called him “The Didert f China”.
Sng Yingxing was brn in Fengxin cunty in Jiangxi prvince in 1587. He tk part in the secnd highest imperial (科学) examinatins in Beijing six times, but failed t becme a jinshi. After that, he decided t give up taking exams and turned t the practical knwledge f natural science. Then Sng Yingxing spent fur years teaching his students in his hmetwn.
Althugh it was a jb like teaching, it was a very imprtant stage in Sng Yingxing’s life, because many f his wrks were written here. And Sng Yingxing had been living in a secluded (隐居的) life in the past ten years. Because he didn’t want t be an fficial, Sng Yingxing lived a very pr life in his later years.
He was the authr f Tian Gng Kai Wu, an encyclpedia that cvered a wide variety f technical subjects. As Jseph Needham has bserved, the vast amunt f accurately drawn illustratins in this encyclpedia dwarfed the amunt prvided in previus Chinese encyclpedias, making it a valuable written wrk in the histry f Chinese literature. Tian Gng Kai Wu recrds all aspects f technlgy up t the mid-Ming perid. The bk cnstitutes a cmplete system f science and technlgy, and prvides a systematic summary f ancient Chinese technlgy, the experience accumulated by China in agriculture, and China’s achievements in technlgy.
Many f the prductin techniques described in the bk are still in use tday. At the same time, Tian Gng Kai Wu brke frm Chinese traditin by rarely referencing previus written wrk. It was instead written in a style strngly suggestive f persnal experience. The bk was translated int Japanese, French, English, German, Italian, and Russian, and was widely circulated in Eurpe and Japan.
In additin, Sng Yingxing had made great achievements in many fields. His research was very extensive. In physics, he studied the ccurrence f sund and, finally cncluded that sund is transmitted in the air.
4. What can we learn abut Sng Yingxing frm the text?
A. He adjusted the directin f life.B. He dreamed t be a great scientist.
C. He received a science educatin.D. He passed imperial examinatins.
5. Which f the fllwing best describes Sng’s teaching life?
A. Busy but satisfactry.B. Significant and rewarding.
C. Cmfrtable but wrthless.D. Challenging and intlerant.
6. What’s the pssible meaning f the underlined wrd “dwarfed”?
A. Make smething seem smaller.B. Apply smething t practice.
C. Prvide evidence f smething.D. Take advantage f smething.
7. What is ne f the features f Tian Gng Kai Wu?
A. It prvided abundant first-hand experience.
B. It was written in multiple freign languages.
C. It fcused merely n agricultural technlgy.
D. It largely referenced previus encyclpedias.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宋应星的生平、作品以及他在科技领域的贡献。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“He tk part in the secnd highest imperial (科学) examinatins in Beijing six times, but failed t becme a jinshi. After that, he decided t give up taking exams and turned t the practical knwledge f natural science.(他参加了六次北京的科举考试，但没有成为进士。在那之后，他决定放弃考试，转而学习自然科学的实用知识)”可知，宋应星调整了生活的方向。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Althugh it was a jb like teaching, it was a very imprtant stage in Sng Yingxing’s life, because many f his wrks were written here.(虽然这是一份像教书一样的工作，但这是宋应星一生中非常重要的一个阶段，因为他的许多作品都是在这里完成的) ”可知，宋老师的教学生活有着重大意义的。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“He was the authr f Tian Gng Kai Wu, an encyclpedia that cvered a wide variety f technical subjects. As Jseph Needham has bserved, the vast amunt f accurately drawn illustratins in this encyclpedia dwarfed the amunt prvided in previus Chinese encyclpedias, making it a valuable written wrk in the histry f Chinese literature. Tian Gng Kai Wu recrds all aspects f technlgy up t the mid-Ming perid. The bk cnstitutes a cmplete system f science and technlgy, and prvides a systematic summary f ancient Chinese technlgy, the experience accumulated by China in agriculture, and China’s achievements in technlgy.(他是《天工开悟》的作者，这是一部涵盖各种技术主题的百科全书。正如李约瑟所观察到的，这部百科全书中大量的精确绘制的插图使以前的中国百科全书所提供的数量……，使它成为中国文学史上有价值的书面作品。《天工开物》记载了明中期以前的科技的各个方面。这本书构成了一个完整的科学技术体系，系统地总结了中国古代的技术、中国在农业方面积累的经验和中国的技术成就。)”可知，《天工开物》比其他的书籍完美地记录了明中期以前的科技的各个方面，构成了一个完整的科学技术体系，因此以前的百科全文和它比较起来提供的信息量是较小的，则划线的单词意为 “使某物看起来小一些”。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“At the same time, Tian Gng Kai Wu brke frm Chinese traditin by rarely referencing previus written wrk.(同时，《天工开物》打破了中国传统，很少参考前人的著作)”可知，天工开悟的特色之一它提供了丰富的第一手经验。故选A。
C
A wrldwide study published last mnth in the jurnal Nature Climate Change fund glbal warming respnsible fr 37 percent f heat-related deaths between 1991 and 2018. As temperatures climb ever higher, that figure may well rise.
The fllwing is what happens if yu’re ne f the next peple whm extreme heat kills, accrding t W. Lawrence Kenney, an expert at Penn State University.
First, yur brain sends a series f messages t yur sweat glands (腺) telling them t increase sweat prductin. Then yur heart starts beating faster t pump bld t the skin while bld flw is als directed away frm sme f yur internal rgans. That’s yur bdy attempting t make yur skin htter than the air utside, in hpes f creating a cnvectin (对流) phenmenn that mves heat away frm yu. Smetimes that alne is enugh t create prblems fr a weak r aging heart.
If heat attack ccurs, yur bdy might get s ht and shift s much xygen-rich bld t the skin that it suffcates (窒息) thse vital internal rgans, which becme xygen-starved. Surviving the rgan failure that fllws might require an emergency transplant.
If yur bdy fails t cl yu dwn, its internal temperature might start t climb t smewhere clser t 104 degrees and 105 degrees. “These are the situatins where peple die f classical heat attack,” Kenney said.
At that temperature, the tissue s in the brain becme affected. Yu may feel it start as a dull headache. Befre lng, yu might nt knw where yu are r what time it is. Yu might cllapse. Left untreated, what fllws is a series f rgan failure that leads t all but certain death.
We are learning mre abut hw t avid verheating. The mst likely guarantee against dying f extreme heat is preventing the rise f glbal temperatures. Hwever, achieving that gal requires rapidly and dramatically reducing fssil fuel use and finding ways t remve mre carbn frm the atmsphere than we release. Effrts s far have remained awfully insufficient. Glbal il demand, the Organizatin f Petrleum Exprting Cuntries predicted last mnth, will jump greatly.
8. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. The functin f sweat glands.B. The bdy’s heat-lss principle.
C. The wrking principle f skin.D. The cause f an aging heart.
9. What directly claims peple’s lives?
A. Heat waves.
B. Lack f xygen.
C. Dull headache.
D. Organ failure.
10. Hw des the authr feel abut human’s current effrts t prevent glbal warming?
A. Dubtful.B. Psitive.C. Disappinted.D. Satisfied.
11. What is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Hw Heat Waves Destry the Human Bdy
B. Glbal Warming Leads t Mre Prblems
C. Hw Extreme Weather Affects Our Life
D. Glbal Warming Attracts Public Attentin
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了全球变暖使高温致死率上升，文章阐述极端高温下人体反应及致死过程，呼吁应对全球变暖。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“First, yur brain sends a series f messages t yur sweat glands (腺) telling them t increase sweat prductin. Then yur heart starts beating faster t pump bld t the skin while bld flw is als directed away frm sme f yur internal rgans. That’s yur bdy attempting t make yur skin htter than the air utside, in hpes f creating a cnvectin (对流) phenmenn that mves heat away frm yu. (首先，你的大脑会向汗腺发送一系列信息，告诉它们增加汗液的分泌。然后你的心脏开始跳动得更快，将血液输送到皮肤，同时血液也从你的一些内脏器官流走。这是你的身体试图让你的皮肤比外面的空气更热，希望能产生一种对流现象，将热量从你身上带走。)”可知，该段主要讲述了身体的散热原理。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“If heat attack ccurs, yur bdy might get s ht and shift s much xygen-rich bld t the skin that it suffcates (窒息) thse vital internal rgans, which becme xygen-starved. Surviving the rgan failure that fllws might require an emergency transplant.(如果发生中暑，你的身体可能会变得非常热，将大量富含氧气的血液转移到皮肤上，以至于使那些重要的内脏器官窒息，这些器官会缺氧。要在随后的器官衰竭中存活下来，可能需要紧急移植。)”以及第五段“If yur bdy fails t cl yu dwn, its internal temperature might start t climb t smewhere clser t 104 degrees and 105 degrees. “These are the situatins where peple die f classical heat attack,” Kenney said.(如果你的身体不能让你降温，它的内部温度可能会开始上升到接近 104 华氏度和105华氏度。“这些就是人们死于典型中暑的情况，”肯尼说。)”和第六段“Left untreated, what fllws is a series f rgan failure that leads t all but certain death.(如果不加以治疗，接下来就是一系列的器官衰竭，几乎肯定会导致死亡。)”可知，直接夺走人们生命的是器官衰竭。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“We are learning mre abut hw t avid verheating. The mst likely guarantee against dying f extreme heat is preventing the rise f glbal temperatures. Hwever, achieving that gal requires rapidly and dramatically reducing fssil fuel use and finding ways t remve mre carbn frm the atmsphere than we release. Effrts s far have remained awfully insufficient. Glbal il demand, the Organizatin f Petrleum Exprting Cuntries predicted last mnth, will jump greatly.(我们对如何避免过热了解得越来越多。防止死于极端高温最有可能的保证是防止全球气温上升。然而，要实现这一目标，需要迅速大幅减少化石燃料的使用，并找到从大气中清除比我们排放的更多碳的方法。到目前为止，这些努力仍然远远不够。石油输出国组织上个月预测，全球石油需求将大幅增长。)”可知，作者认为目前防止全球变暖的努力远远不够，并且全球石油需求还将大幅增长，由此可推断作者对人类目前防止全球变暖的努力感到失望。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The fllwing is what happens if yu’re ne f the next peple whm extreme heat kills, accrding t W. Lawrence Kenney, an expert at Penn State University.(宾夕法尼亚州立大学的专家 W・劳伦斯・肯尼说，如果你是下一个被极端高温致死的人，以下就是会发生的情况。)”以及下文对中暑时身体各个阶段变化的描述可知，文章主要讲述了热浪是如何破坏人体的。所以A选项Hw Heat Waves Destry the Human Bdy (热浪是如何破坏人体的)适合作为文章标题。故选A项。
D
Let’s face it: we are influenced by AI algrithms (算法) when surfing the Internet n a daily basis.
If yu think abut it, almst anything yu can pssibly click n ver the Internet wants t influence yu in sme way. Even if it’s nt an advertisement and the gal isn’t literally t sell yu a prduct r service, it wants t influence yu smehw, whether it’s getting yu t think smething, feel smething, r d smething.
Behind every blgger, YuTube persnality, and scial media influencer, there are the cmpanies that wn the platfrms these blggers and influencers use: YuTube, Meta, TikTk, Instagram, and the rest. Generally speaking, the gal f these platfrms is t keep users n them as ften as pssible fr as lng as pssible and this increases the likelihd f thse users clicking n targeted ads.
These platfrms use the users’ data t serve the cntent mst likely t aruse their emtins and keep them engaged. The kind f cntent that’s effective at keeping peple engaged ften happens t be emtinally charged: sensatinal (轰动的), cntrversial, r misinfrmative. Unfrtunately, due t its massive cmputing pwer, AI is very gd at understanding yur psychlgy (ften better than yu d) and, therefre, using cntent that is mst likely t “push yur buttns”.
Obviusly, AI itself has n emtins. It desn’t “want” t influence yu r t have pwer ver yu, but it des simply because, in the cntext f the Internet, that’s what it’s been prgrammed t d. The peple wh use AI as their tls are simply trying t accmplish the gal f any platfrm r cmpany, which is t be prfitable.
In a previus pst, I wrte abut being data literate. Well, the first step twards prtecting yurself against AI’s influence is t be cnscius f the fact that we live in an attentin ecnmy in which much f the business ccurs between cmpanies that want yur attentin and the cntent platfrms that prvide it t them.
12. What message des the authr try t cnvey abut scial media in paragraph 3?
A. It is develping rapidly.B. It is trying t cntrl us.
C. It enjys great ppularity.D. It ffers us a variety f chices.
13. What kind f cntent d the scial media platfrms favur mst?
A. The cntent that causes emtinal reactins.
B. The cntent that creates value fr users.
C. The cntent that spreads psitive energy.
D. The cntent that makes users feel satisfied.
14. Which f the fllwing may be t blame accrding t the authr?
A. AI algrithms.
B. Cntent creatrs.
C. Scial media users.
D. Scial media platfrms.
15. What will the authr prbably talk abut in the paragraph that fllws?
A. Hw scial media platfrms wrk.
B. Hw AI algrithms are influencing us.
C. Sme measures t prtect urselves.
D. Sme negative effects f AI algrithms.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了我们必须面对这样一个事实：各大社交媒体平台正在利用人工智能算法来影响和控制我们，表面看它们是在吸引我们的注意力，其背后的真实目的自然是利益。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Behind every blgger, YuTube persnality, and scial media influencer, there are the cmpanies that wn the platfrms these blggers and influencers use: YuTube, Meta, TikTk, Instagram, and the rest. Generally speaking, the gal f these platfrms is t keep users n them as ften as pssible fr as lng as pssible and this increases the likelihd f thse users clicking n targeted ads.(在每个博主、YuTube名人和社交媒体影响者的背后，都有拥有这些博主和影响者使用的平台的公司：YuTube、Meta、TikTk、Instagram等。一般来说，这些平台的目标是让用户尽可能频繁地使用它们，从而增加这些用户点击目标广告的可能性)”可知，本段作者列举YuTube、Meta、TikTk、Instagram等这些社交媒体平台为例，主要说明它们在吸引我们的注意力，最终目的是增加我们点击广告的概率。由此可知，作者在本段想要传达的信息是社交媒体正试图控制我们。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The kind f cntent that’s effective at keeping peple engaged ften happens t be emtinally charged: sensatinal (轰动的), cntrversial，r misinfrmative.(那些能有效吸引人们的内容往往是充满情感的：轰动的、有争议的或错误的信息)”可知，社交媒体上最能有效吸引用户的内容是那些轰动的、有争议的或错误的信息，这些内容有一个共同点，那就是能激发或煽动网友们的各种情绪反应，故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Obviusly, AI itself has n emtins. It desn’t “want” t influence yu r t have pwer ver yu, but it des simply because, in the cntext f the Internet, that’s what it’s been prgrammed t d. The peple wh use AI as their tls are simply trying t accmplish the gal f any platfrm r cmpany, which is t be prfitable.(显然，人工智能本身没有情感。它并不“想要”影响你或对你有权力，但它这样做只是因为，在互联网的背景下，这就是它被编程的目的。使用人工智能作为工具的人只是试图实现任何平台或公司的目标，即盈利)”可知，作者认为，人工智能本身没有情感，也无意影响我们或者调动我们的情绪，真正试图操控和影响我们的是社交媒体平台以及背后的公司，且第三段中“Behind every blgger, YuTube persnality, and scial media influencer, there are the cmpanies that wn the platfrms these blggers and influencers use: YuTube, Meta, TikTk, Instagram, and the rest.(在每个博主、YuTube名人和社交媒体影响者的背后，都有拥有这些博主和影响者使用的平台的公司：YuTube、Meta、TikTk、Instagram等)”也指出，社交媒体平台的上的内容生产者也是被平台操控的。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段中“Well, the first step twards prtecting yurself against AI’s influence is t be cnscius f the fact that we live in an attentin ecnmy in which much f the business ccurs between cmpanies that want yur attentin and the cntent platfrms that prvide it t them.(保护自己不受人工智能影响的第一步是要意识到这样一个事实，即我们生活在一个注意力经济中，在这个经济中，许多业务发生在想要你关注的公司和为他们提供关注的内容平台之间)”谈到如何保护自己不受人工智能影响。由此可推知，作者接下来可能会继续就如何进行自我保护给我们提出更多的建议和措施。故选C。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中逃出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every time life kncks yu dwn, just remember these actins t take, and yu can heal and vercme the crisis quickly, returning t yur life strnger and happier.
Accept reality. Instead f aviding life, take the change as a challenge. Yu will eventually either get what yu want. Yu dn’t necessarily need t be in a place where there is n challenge r hard wrk. ___16___ Once yu manage t d that, yu can handle anything that cmes yur way.
___17___ After darkness always cmes light, and every sunrise reminds yu f this, but smetimes yu still frget this fact and chse t believe that the night will last frever. It wn’t, because nthing lasts frever. Every mment is a secnd chance t start fresh, s take this mment and make the best f it.
Push yurself t take anther step whatever happens. Every mistake and lss cntains within it the slutin and the hidden lessn yu need t discver and learn t functin crrectly the next time yu face the same prblem. Dn’t let things utside yur cntrl interfere with the endless things within yur cntrl. ___18___
Be psitive and dn’t let negativity cntrl yu. Yu can either give in t negativity and let it take ver yur life, r yu can be psitive and fcus n what truly matters. ___19___ Chse t be psitive-abut yur situatin, yur pprtunities, and what yu can d t mve frward.
Find ne small thing yu. can appreciate. If yu have many reasns t cry and cmplain but chse t smile and appreciate life instead, yu’re n the right path. Being thankful fr the "rdinary" things in yur life may seem strange. ___20___ Think f all the beauty arund yu, ntice it, and smile.
A. Lk frward t a fresh start.
B. Yu need t embrace the changes and stay calm.
C. Instead, use thse things t drive yurself frward.
D. Remind yurself that everything in life is temprary.
E. In ther wrds, dn’t wait fr a reasn t be psitive.
F. Being psitive in negative situatins desn’t mean being naive.
G. But nly when yu truly appreciate them can yu make them extrardinary.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. G
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了当生活遇到挫折时，应采取的积极行动，以快速恢复并克服危机，变得更强大、更快乐。
【16题详解】
由上文“Instead f aviding life, take the change as a challenge. Yu will eventually either get what yu want. Yu dn’t necessarily need t be in a place where there is n challenge r hard wrk. (与其逃避生活，不如把变化当作挑战。你最终要么得到你想要的。你不必待在一个没有挑战或艰苦工作的地方。)”可知，本空应建议人们要接受生活中的变化，并勇敢面对挑战。B选项“Yu need t embrace the changes and stay calm. (你需要接受变化并保持冷静。)”是对上文内容的进一步阐释，强调了接受变化并保持冷静的重要性，符合语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
由下文“After darkness always cmes light, and every sunrise reminds yu f this, but smetimes yu still frget this fact and chse t believe that the night will last frever. It wn’t, because nthing lasts frever. (黑暗之后总会迎来光明，每一次日出都会提醒你这一点，但有时你仍然会忘记这个事实，选择相信黑夜将永远持续下去。不会的，因为没有什么是永恒的。)”可知，本空应强调生活中的困难都是暂时的，光明总会到来。D选项“Remind yurself that everything in life is temprary. (提醒自己生活中的一切都是暂时的。)”强调了生活中一切都是暂时的这一观点，能引出下文，符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
由上文“Dn’t let things utside yur cntrl interfere with the endless things within yur cntrl.(不要让你无法控制的事情干扰到你能够控制的事情。)”可知，本空应建议人们不要让外界因素干扰到自己，而是要利用这些因素来推动自己前进。C选项“Instead, use thse things t drive yurself frward. (相反，利用这些事情来推动自己前进。)”是对上文内容的进一步阐释，强调了利用外界因素来推动自己前进的重要性，符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
由上文“Yu can either give in t negativity and let it take ver yur life, r yu can be psitive and fcus n what truly matters. (你可以屈服于消极情绪，让它占据你的生活，或者你可以保持积极，专注于真正重要的事情。)”以及下文“Chse t be psitive-abut yur situatin, yur pprtunities, and what yu can d t mve frward. (选择对你的处境、你的机会以及你能做什么来前进保持积极。)”可知，本空应建议人们要保持积极，不要等待一个积极的理由，而是要主动选择积极。E选项“In ther wrds, dn’t wait fr a reasn t be psitive. (换句话说，不要等待一个积极的理由。)”起到了承上启下的作用，强调了不要等待理由，而是要主动选择积极，符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
由上文“If yu have many reasns t cry and cmplain but chse t smile and appreciate life instead, yu’re n the right path. Being thankful fr the "rdinary" things in yur life may seem strange. (如果你有很多理由哭泣和抱怨，但却选择微笑并感激生活，那么你就走在了正确的道路上。感激生活中的“平凡”事物可能看起来很奇怪。)”可知，此处是在告诉人们感激生活中的平凡事物，并把它们变得不平凡。G选项“But nly when yu truly appreciate them can yu make them extrardinary. (但只有当你真正感激它们时，你才能让它们变得不平凡。)”是对上文内容的进一步阐释，强调了真正感激平凡事物的重要性，以及这样做能带来的不平凡结果，符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My mm enjyed inviting peple fr Thanksgiving. After my family mved far away frm all ur ____21____, Mm started filling the huse with ____22____ guests—whever had nwhere else t g fr Thanksgiving.
I missed ur big family gatherings befre mving here, but Mm had a(n) ____23____ heart. This year, when Mm shwed me her guest list, almst half the size f ur small twn’s ____24____, I was annyed.
Our first guests arrived: three freign exchange students. Mm’s riginal plan was t ____25____ ne. But she was tld thse unable t g hme smetimes ____26____ in tears, s here came three. The next guests ____27____ thrugh the dr, a single mm and her six kids. With mre guests, the vlume and the temperature in the huse instantly ____28____. Luckily, dinner was ready befre the huse r I ____29____. Hwever, seeing my name card placed amng the six kids, I murmured angrily, “Hw wuld I get such an _____30_____ seat?”
After dinner, Mm suggested sharing smething we were thankful fr—anther annual _____31_____ at ur huse. “I’m s _____32_____ t yur family fr pening up hme t us.” The single mm spke with watery eyes. Then ne student expressed hw much it _____33_____ t be with a family n Thanksgiving.
Suddenly smething _____34_____ me: the essence f genersity and inclusin. Thanksgiving is abut mre than family—it’s abut a shared _____35_____ full f kindness.
21. A. clleaguesB. relativesC. neighbursD. strangers
22. A. clseB. randmC. specificD. favrite
23. A. generusB. energeticC. curiusD. pwerful
24. A. applicantsB. beggarsC. ppulatinD. vlunteers
25. A. shelterB. awardC. repayD. hst
26. A. set utB. tk verC. brke dwnD. shwed up
27. A. burstB. drppedC. pulledD. fell
28. A. recveredB. declinedC. rseD. stretched
29. A. expldedB. sufferedC. slidD. withdrew
30. A. impressiveB. unluckyC. unusualD. awesme
31. A. cntestB. pprtunityC. anticipatinD. traditin
32. A. gratefulB. sympatheticC. familiarD. addicted
33. A. cstB. wrkedC. remainedD. meant
34. A. inspiredB. cnvincedC. struckD. drilled
35. A. welfareB. cmmunityC. friendshipD. future
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者的妈妈一直致力于邀请陌生人来家里过感恩节，作者一开始并不理解，最后终于意识到了感恩节的包容与共享的内涵。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈喜欢邀请别人来过感恩节。在我的家人远离所有亲戚之后，妈妈开始随意邀请别人来家里过节——主要是那些没有地方去过感恩节的人。A. clleagues同事；B. relatives亲戚；C. neighburs邻居；D. strangers陌生人。根据前文“my family mved far away frm all ur”可知，作者一家搬离了所有的亲戚。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈喜欢邀请别人来过感恩节。在我的家人远离所有亲戚之后，妈妈开始随意邀请别人来家里过节——主要是那些没有地方去过感恩节的人。A. clse靠近的；B. randm随意的；C. specific具体的；D. favrite最喜欢的。根据后文“whever had nwhere else t g fr Thanksgiving”可知，只要是没有地方过感恩节的人，妈妈都会邀请到家里来，非常随意。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在搬来这里之前，我很想念我们的家庭聚会，但妈妈有一颗慷慨的心。A. generus大方的，宽宏大量的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. curius好奇的；D. pwerful强大的。根据前文“Mm started filling the huse with ________ guests-whever had nwhere else t g fr Thanksgiving.”及后文“almst half the size f ur small twn’s ________”可知，作者的母亲非常乐意邀请别人来过感恩节，尤其是没有地方去过感恩节的人，说明她有一颗慷慨的心。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年，当妈妈给我看她的客人名单时，几乎是我们小镇人口的一半，我很生气。A. applicants申请人；B. beggars乞丐；C. ppulatin人口；D. vlunteers志愿者。根据前文“Mm shwed me her guest list, almst half the size f ur small twn’s”可知，妈妈邀请人数很多，几乎是小镇人口的一半。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈最初的计划是招待一位交换生。A. shelter提供庇护；B. award授予；C. repay回报；D. hst招待。根据前文“My mm enjyed inviting peple fr Thanksgiving”可知，妈妈喜欢邀请人们来过感恩节，本来计划招待一位学生，结果来了三位。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但有人告诉她，那些无法回家的人有时会崩溃痛哭，所以就来了三个。A. set ut出发；B. tk ver接管；C. brke dwn情绪崩溃；D. shwed up露面。根据后文“in tears”可知，那些无法回家的人有时会情绪崩溃而痛哭。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下一个客人冲进门来，是一位单身母亲和她的六个孩子。A. burst冲，闯；B. drpped丢，投；C. pulled拉，拽；D. fell落下。根据后文“thrugh the dr, a single mm and her six kids”可知，一位单身母亲和她的六个孩子冲进了家门。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着客人的增多，房间里的音量和温度立即升高。A. recvered恢复；B. declined下降；C. rse上升；D. stretched伸展。根据前文“With mre guests, the vlume and the temperature”可知，客人的增多导致了房间里的音量和温度升高。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，晚饭是在屋前准备的，否则我情绪就爆发了。A. explded爆炸，爆发；B. suffered遭受；C. slid滑落；D. withdrew撤退。根据前文“With mre guests, the vlume and the temperature in the huse instantly _______”及后文“I murmured angrily”可知，对于这么多人的到来，作者并不开心，处在情绪爆发的边缘。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我怎么会坐到这么倒霉的位子呢？A. impressive令人印象深刻的；B. unlucky不幸的；C. unusual不同寻常的；D. awesme令人惊叹的。根据前文“seeing my name card placed amng the six kids, I murmured angrily”可知，作者认为自己的位置很糟糕。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：晚饭后，妈妈建议分享一些让我们感激的东西——这是我们家的另一个年度传统。A. cntest比赛；B. pprtunity机会；C. anticipatin预期；D. traditin传统。根据前文“sharing smething we were thankful fr”可知，除了邀请陌生人来过感恩节，作者家的另一个传统是分享一些感激的东西。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激你的家人为我们敞开了家门。A. grateful感激的；B. sympathetic同情的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. addicted上瘾的。根据前文“Mm suggested sharing smething we were thankful fr”及后文“fr pening up hme t us”可知，带孩子的女士感激作者一家邀请他们。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后一个学生表达了和一个家庭一起过感恩节的意义。A. cst花费；B. wrked工作；C. remained保持；D. meant意味着。根据后文“be with a family n Thanksgiving”可知，一个学生表达了和作者一家一起过感恩节对他来说意义重大。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，一些东西打动了我：慷慨和包容的本质。A. inspired鼓励；B. cnvinced使相信；C. struck引起（强烈感情），打动；D. drilled训练。根据后文“the essence f genersity and inclusin”可知，陌生人的话使作者意识到了慷慨和包容的意义。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：感恩节不仅仅是关于家庭——它是关于一个充满善意的共享社会。A. welfare福利；B. cmmunity社区，社会；C. friendship友谊；D. future未来。根据前文“Thanksgiving is abut mre than family”及后文“shared”可知，感恩节不仅仅是一个家庭的事，更重要的是要建立一个充满善意的共享的社会。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The United Natins Educatinal, Scientific and Cultural Organizatin (UNESCO联合国教科文组织) n Wednesday _____36_____ (fficial) annunced the recgnitin f the Spring Festival, scial practices f the Chinese peple in celebratin f the traditinal new year, as an Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产) . The Spring Festival, als _____37_____ (knw) as Chinese New Year, marks the first day f the lunar calendar. It invlves enrmus traditinal knwledge and _____38_____ (feature) public events rganized by cmmunities. It is deeply rted in Chinese traditin, representing ne f _____39_____ mst significant cultural celebratins in Chinese sciety.
UNESCO nted that the traditinal knwledge and custms _____40_____ (pass) dwn thrugh families, cmmunities, and the educatin system. The festival is nt nly a celebratin but als a symbl f the harmny between humans and nature, ______41______ prvides a sense f cultural identity. It cntributes t sustainable _______42_______ (develp) in areas such as fd security and educatin. In additin, it als plays a key rle ____43____ raising envirnmental awareness.
Ra Quan, China’s vice minister f Culture and Turism, expressed gratitude fr the recgnitin. He stressed that the Spring Festival is China’s mst imprtant traditinal hliday, ____44____ (symblize) the Chinese peple’s hpes fr a better life. And the Spring Festival is als the mst imprtant time fr whle families _____45_____ (get) tgether. With this additin, China nw has 44 items n the intangible cultural heritage list f the UNESCO, cntinuing t be the mst enlisted cuntry in the wrld.
【答案】36. fficially 37. knwn 38. features 39. the 40. are passed 41. which 42. develpment 43. in 44. symblizing 45. t get
【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要讲述了联合国教科文组织周三正式宣布将中国人庆祝传统新年的春节及其相关社会实践认定为人类非物质文化遗产，并介绍了春节的意义、传承方式以及在中国和世界文化遗产方面的相关情况。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：联合国教科文组织周三正式宣布将中国人庆祝传统新年的春节及其相关社会实践认定为人类非物质文化遗产。这里需要一个副词来修饰动词“annunced”，“fficial”的副词形式是“fficially”，表示“正式地”，故填fficially。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：春节，也被称为中国新年，标志着农历的第一天。空白处在句子中作定语，因与其逻辑主语The Spring Festival之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填knwn。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它包含了大量的传统知识，并以社区组织的公共活动为特色。空白处在句子中谓语，主语It指代The Spring Festival，为第三人称单数，且句子描述的是客观事实，要用一般现在时，所以feature要用第三人称单数形式features，故填features。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它深深植根于中国传统，是中国社会最重要的文化庆典之一。“ne f + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”是固定短语，表示“最……的……之一”，“mst significant”是最高级形式，所以前面要加定冠词the，故填the。
【40题详解】
考查时态和被动语态。句意：联合国教科文组织指出，传统知识和习俗是通过家庭、社区和教育系统传承下来的。“the traditinal knwledge and custms”与“pass”之间是被动关系，因句子描述的是客观事实，要用一般现在时的被动语态，主语“the traditinal knwledge and custms”是复数，所以be动词用are，故填are passed。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这个节日不仅是一种庆祝活动，也是人与自然和谐的象征，它提供了一种文化认同感。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是The festival，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，所以用关系代词 which引导该从句，故填which。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：它有助于在粮食安全和教育等领域的可持续发展。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，故填develpment。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：此外，它在提高环境意识方面也起着关键作用。“play a rle in...” 是固定短语，意为“在……中起作用”，所以这里应填介词in，故填in。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他强调，春节是中国最重要的传统节日，象征着中国人民对美好生活的向往。空白处在句子中做状语，且与其逻辑主语symblize之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填symblizing。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：春节也是全家人团聚的最重要时刻。空白处在句子中作定语，且表示的是一个指向将来的不确定的动作，所以这里要用动词不定式，故填t get。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你从网上得知联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）将在你的家乡举办“一带一路”（the Belt and Rad Initial）茶文化交流活动。请你写一封英文信申请做志愿者。内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 对活动的认识；
3. 个人优势。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir r Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Sir r Madam,
I am writing t apply as a vlunteer fr “the Belt and Rad Initial” Tea Culture Exchange event t be rganized by UNESCO in my hmetwn.
Accrding t me, this event presents a unique pprtunity t prmte cultural exchange and understanding. It will serve as a platfrm fr shwcasing the rich and diverse tea cultures f different cuntries, fstering mutual respect and appreciatin amng participants.
I have a gd understanding f the imprtance f tea culture and its significance in the histry and traditins f ur regin. It has been several years since I was fascinated by the art f tea making and brewing. Mrever, my excellent cmmunicatin skills and ability t wrk well with thers will make me a valuable additin t the vlunteer team.
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was invited t a ckut n an ld friend’s farm in western Washingtn. I parked my car utside the farm and walked past a milking huse which had apparently nt been used in many years. A nise at a windw caught my attentin, s I entered it. It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately trying t escape. She was cvered in spider-webs (蛛网) and was barely able t mve her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up.
With the bird in my cupped hand, I lked arund t see hw she had gtten in. The brken windw glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece f clth int the hle and tk her utside, clsing the dr securely behind me.
When I pened my hand, the bird did nt fly away; she sat lking at me with her bright eyes. I remved the sticky spider-webs that cvered her head and wings. Still, she made n attempt t fly. Perhaps she had been struggling against the windw t lng and was t tired? Or t thirsty?
As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path tward my car where I kept a water bttle, she began t mve. I stpped, and she sn tk wing but did nt immediately fly away.
Hvering (悬停), she apprached within six inches f my face. Fr a very lng mment, this tiny creature lked int my eyes, turning her head frm side t side. Then she flew quickly ut f sight.
During the ckut, I tld my hsts abut the hummingbird incident. They prmised t fix the windw. As I was departing, my friends walked me t my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew t the center f ur grup and began hvering. She turned frm persn t persn until she came t me. She again lked directly int my eyes, then let ut a squeaking call and was gne. Fr a mment, all were speechless. Then smene said, “She must have cme t say gdbye.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, I went t the farm again.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I was just abut t leave when the hummingbird appeared.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
A few weeks later, I went t the farm again. As my car neared it my thughts drifted back t the mment when I rescued the hummingbird frm the spider’s web. I rushed back t the deserted huse. It was a great cmfrt that the riginal hle in the windw was nwhere t be fund. Leaving the huse, I culdn’t help wndering hw it was getting n nw. Had it managed t find its way back hme, r was it still ut there smewhere struggling t survive?
I was just abut t leave when the hummingbird appeared. A flash f mvement caught my attentin. I turned arund t see the same hummingbird hvering in the air. It seemed that the bird was waiting fr me, its beady eyes lcked n mine as if trying t cnvey sme deep, unspken gratitude. I felt a surge f relief and awe at the sight f this sund and grateful creature, and I knew that I wuld always cherish the memries we shared as I climbed int my car and drve away.