2026届高考英语一轮总复习语法悟通专题突破专题3三大从句和特殊句式第2讲定语从句课件

这是一份2026届高考英语一轮总复习语法悟通专题突破专题3三大从句和特殊句式第2讲定语从句课件，共37页。PPT课件主要包含了第二讲　定语从句，时间状语，地点状语，place ， 主 ，原因状语 ，classmates， teacher，who， which 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考点突破 · 精讲即练
情景导入It was the summer f 2012, when① I came t Guangning N.1 Senir High Schl.Our schl is a wnderful place, where② I can see a lt f beautiful buildings and a large square.Our classrm，the rf f which③ lks like a rcket in the distance，is lcated in the center f ur schl.The main reasn why④ I like ur schl is that I can make many friends.I can get alng with my classmates here, tw f whm⑤ are my best friends.The teacher whm⑥ I like mst is Mr Zhang，ur math teacher.T be hnest，I gradually fall in lve with ur schl.
用法感悟①when为关系副词，在定语从句中作_________，其先行词为_______。②where为关系副词，在定语从句中作_____________，其先行词为________。③the rf f which为“the ＋名词＋f＋关系代词”，在定语从句中作____语，其先行词为____________。 ④why为关系副词，在定语从句中作______________，其先行词为_________。
⑤tw f whm为“数词＋f＋关系代词”，在定语从句中作____语，其先行词为_____________。 ⑥whm为关系代词，在定语从句中作宾语，其先行词为_______。
classmates
在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句，其功能相当于形容词，被修饰的名词或代词被称作先行词。引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词(that, wh、 whm、 which和whse)和关系副词(when, where和why)。定语从句有两种，即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句和主句之间用逗号隔开。
考点一　关系代词的用法一、关系代词that与which的用法1．只用that的情况(1)当先行词为all，everything, anything, nthing, little, much, few等不定代词时；(2)当先行词被all，sme，every，any，n，little，much，few等修饰时；(3)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰，或先行词本身是序数词或形容词最高级时；
(4)先行词被the nly, the very (正是；恰是), the same, the last等修饰时；(5)先行词中既有人也有物时；(6)在which、wh或what引导的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句时；
(7)先行词是the way，并在定语从句中充当状语时，关系代词用that/in which或省略关系词。This is the very film that I want t see.这正是我想看的一部影片。The famus writer and his bk that yu referred t just nw are well-knwn nw.你刚才提到的那位著名作家和他的书现在非常有名。
2．只用which的情况(1)引导非限制性定语从句时；(2)关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时；(3)当先行词本身为that时。The result was nt the same as they had expected, which was rather disappinting.结果与当初预料的不一样，这让人觉得很失望。
二、which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别
She married again, which was unexpected.她再婚了，这是始料不及的。She married again, as we expected.正如我们预料的那样，她再婚了。
三、其他关系代词的用法辨析
Each graduate standing n the playgrund, wh was accmpanied by a parent, wuld be awarded a diplma by the headmaster.每个毕业生都由父亲或母亲陪伴着站在操场上，等待校长给他们颁发毕业证书。My daughter, whse jb requires her t d a lt f travelling, is always away frm hme.我的女儿总不在家，她的工作需要经常出差。
即时演练(一)单句语法填空1．I'm grateful that the assistant respnded in a way _____________ made me rethink the pwer f my wrds.2．The wman said that her husband had died sme mnths befre and that she didn't have anyne else in her family ______ culd help her.3．First, we went t Munt Tai, ________ is a very famus turist spt in China.
that/which
4．The air quality in the city, _____ is shwn in the reprt, has imprved ver the past tw years.5．This stry abut self-respect and self-lve, ________ characters are Chinese, is set in Eurpe.
考点二　关系副词的用法关系副词指代的先行词及其作用
We live in an age when mre infrmatin is available with great ease than ever befre.我们生活在一个比以往任何时候都更容易获得更多信息的时代。Ancient China was a place where states were ften at war with each ther.古代的中国是各诸侯国之间经常发生战争的地方。Can yu tell me the reasn why (＝fr which) yu are late again?你能告诉我你又迟到的原因吗？
【点津】(1)先行词为抽象名词pint，psitin，situatin, stage, state, case, scene 等后也常用where引导定语从句。He said if we really gt t the pint where we needed t use life jackets, he wuld have already died f terrr.他说如果我们真到了需要用救生衣的地步，他早就吓死了。
(2)表时间和表地点的名词以及reasn作先行词时，若引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，定语从句要用that或which引导。The bss desn't want t hear any reasn (that/which) yu give.老板不想听你所给的任何理由。
即时演练(二)单句语法填空1．The Duble Ninth Festival is als a time ______ the chrysanthemum (菊花) blms.2．I enjyed my stay in the library ________ I culd read varius bks I was interested in.3．The reasn ______ all peple present are ppsed t the prject is that it will cause much pllutin.
4．She is ging t settle in Shanghai, ________ she has sme clse friends.5．Next mnth, _______ we will spend ur winter hlidays in ur hmetwn, is appraching.
考点三　“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句一、“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句的用法“介词＋关系代词”既能引导限制性定语从句，又能引导非限制性定语从句。先行词指物时，关系代词用which；先行词指人时，关系代词用whm；关系代词whse与所修饰的名词也可同时放在介词之后。The USA is a large cuntry in which many different dialects are spken.美国是一个大国，有着许许多多不同的方言。
He is the persn n whm yu can depend.他是一个你可以信赖的人。He was the man frm whse rm the thief had stlen his bag.他就是被小偷从房间里偷走包的那个人。
二、“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的确定1．根据定语从句中动词、形容词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。In the dark street, there wasn't a single persn t whm she culd turn fr help.在黑暗的街道上，没有一个她可以求助的人。(turn t sb. fr help)Physics is the subject in which every student in ur schl is interested.物理是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。(be interested in)
2．根据与先行词搭配的具体含义而定。I'll never frget the time during which I spent my childhd in the cuntry.我永远不会忘记我童年时在乡下度过的那段时光。(during the time)3．根据所表达的意思来确定。The clrless gas, withut which we can't live, is called xygen.这种无色的气体就是氧气，没有它我们无法生存。(withut the clrless gas)
三、“介词＋关系代词”结构的变式1．“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句有时可以与“介词＋关系代词＋动词不定式”转换。She must have time in which she culd grw calm (＝in which t grw calm)．她需要时间冷静。Frank's dream is t have his wn garden in which he can grw many beautiful flwers (＝in which t grw many beautiful flwers)．弗兰克的梦想是拥有自己的花园，在里面可以种植许多漂亮的花。
2．“名词/代词/数词＋介词＋关系代词”结构。He tld us a stry in English, the meaning f which I culdn't understand cmpletely.他用英语给我们讲了一个故事，我不能完全理解它的意思。There are abut 400 students in ur grade, mst f whm are frm Haidian District.我们年级大约有400名学生，其中大多数来自海淀区。
即时演练(三)单句语法填空1．I'll never frget the day _____ which we wrked tgether in the cuntryside.2．Yesterday we visited the Batu Spring ______ which Jinan is famus.3．In the fast mving infrmatin age, teenagers shuld keep pace with the media envirnment _____ which they cmmunicate with the utside wrld.
4．I dn't agree with the climate _____ which they've been accustmed fr years.5．Fr instance, in Lima, the capital f Peru, there are mre than 50 Chinese medicine clinics, abut 70 percent f ________ were set up by lcal dctrs.
【例1】　The Digital Wrld is a set f vlumes that/which aim t describe hw digital systems influence sciety and help readers understand the nature f digital systems and their many interacting parts.分析：句意：数学世界是一套丛书，旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会，并帮助读者理解数学系统及其众多交互组件的本质。句中先行词为vlumes，指物，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。
【例2】　Nw Irene Astbury wrks frm 9 a．m. t 5 p．m. daily at the pet shp in Macclesfield, which she pened with her late husband Les.分析：句意：现在艾琳·阿斯特伯里每天上午9点到下午5点在迈克尔斯菲尔德的宠物店上班，这家店是她和已故的丈夫莱斯一起开的。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the pet shp，指物，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作pened的宾语，应用which。故填which。