Unit 4 单元重点单词讲解与测试-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单词通关合集(译林版2024)

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Unit 4 Hands-on fun单元重点单词讲解与测试重点单词讲解【1】complete adj. 完成,结束;全部的eg: She has read the complete works of Shakespeare.她已读过莎士比亚的全部作品。v. complete 完成；complete doing完成做某事adv. completely 彻底地、完整地【2】crazy adj. 狂热的；迷恋的be crazy about 热衷于eg: Many kids are crazy about the new cartoon series.很多孩子对新出的卡通片特别痴迷。 It’s crazy to ride a bike in the heavy rain!暴雨天骑自行车太疯狂了！crazy-crazier-craziest【3】born adj. 天生的eg: He was born with a silver spoon in his mouth.他出生在富裕家庭。an born artist一位天生的艺术家be born 出生be born with sth 与生俱来birth n.出生；at birth出生时【4】mistake n. 错误eg: Please help me find the mistakes in my English composition.请帮我找出英语作文里的错误。make a mistake/make mistakes犯错误by mistake错误地correct mistakes改正错误【5】instead adv. 反而eg: She wanted to watch the movie, but her brother chose to read a book instead.她想看电影，但她弟弟却选择读书。instead用于句首，加逗号；用于句末不加逗号instead of sth/doing而不是、代替【6】mess n. 杂乱，不整洁 in a mess 乱七八糟eg: Don’t make a mess in the kitchen when you cook.做饭时别把厨房弄乱。Her hair was in a mess after running in the wind.她在风里跑了一圈，头发乱蓬蓬的。what a mess真是一团糟adj. messy乱糟糟地【7】catch one’s eye 引起某人注意eg: The colorful poster on the wall caught the teacher’s eye.墙上彩色的海报引起了老师的注意。draw/catch one’s attention引起某人的注意【8】impossible adj. 不可能的eg: He said it was impossible to win the game, but we tried our best anyway.他说赢这场比赛不可能，但我们还是尽力了。adj. possible可能的im表示反义词：impatient（急躁的、不耐烦的），impolite（不礼貌的），imperfect（不完美的）【9】dangerous adj. 危险的eg: The broken glass on the floor is dangerous. Pick it up quickly!地上的碎玻璃很危险，快捡起来！danger n.危险in danger处于危险中；out of danger脱离危险endangered濒危的；endangered animals濒危动物【10】not only ... but also ... 不仅…而且…eg: He not only sings well but also dances beautifully.他不仅歌唱得好，而且舞也跳得美。作主语时，符合就近原则，即由but also后的内容决定谓语动词的单复数；also可以省略符合“就近原则”的还有：either...or...(要么……要么……)，neither...nor...（既不……也不……）【11】waste n. 浪费; 废料eg: It’s a waste of time to watch too many cartoons.看太多动画片是浪费时间。waste sth浪费某物；waste money浪费钱a waste of... 浪费... a waste of time浪费时间it is a waste of time doing/to do做某事是浪费时间kitchen waste 厨房垃圾【12】reason n. 理由, 原因eg: The main reason he failed the test is carelessness.他考试没通过的主要原因是粗心。the reason for... ...的理由the cause of... ...的起因【13】result n. 结果, 后果eg: Hard work usually leads to good results.努力通常会带来好结果。as a result结果、因此as a result of... 因为...result in导致、结果是result from 起因于，由...引起单元词测根据汉语提示填空1 ______ (不幸), I missed the last bus and had to walk home in the rain.【答案】Unluckily【解析】句意：不幸地是，我错过了末班车，只好在雨中走回家。此处用副词修饰句子，“不幸”unluckily。2 Our school organized a visit to some local ______ (车间). We learned a lot about handmade crafts there.【答案】workshops【解析】句意：我们学校组织参观了一些当地的车间，在那里我们学到了很多关于手工工艺品的知识。“车间”workshop，some加复数。3 He is busy _________ (用胶带粘贴) the poster to the wall.【答案】taping【解析】句意：他正忙着把海报粘到墙上。“用胶带粘贴”tape，be busy doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“忙于做某事”。4 We need to discuss the _______ (原因) for the changes.【答案】reasons【解析】句意：我们需要讨论变化的原因。“原因”reason，此处表示多个原因，用复数形式。5 Climbing the old tree without help is very ______ (危险).【答案】dangerous【解析】句意：没有帮助的情况下爬老树很危险。空格处需用形容词作表语，“危险”dangerous。6 Our science teacher introduced several new ______ (方法) for planting flowers.【答案】methods【解析】句意：我们的科学老师介绍了几种种花的新方法。several修饰可数名词复数，“方法”method的复数形式为methods。7 She ______ (解开) the rope quickly to save the little cat.【答案】untied【解析】句意：她快速解开绳子救小猫。句子描述过去发生的动作，需用动词过去式；“解开”untie的过去式为untied。8 The store displays various colorful ______ (灯) to attract customers.【答案】lamps【解析】句意：商店展示了各种彩色的灯来吸引顾客。various修饰可数名词复数，“灯”lamp的复数形式为lamps。9 The football match today is even ______ (疯狂) than the one last week.【答案】crazier【解析】句意：今天的足球赛比上周的更疯狂。句中“than”提示用形容词比较级，“疯狂”crazy的比较级为crazier。10 ______ (系) a bow on the gift box takes patience and practice.【答案】tying【解析】句意：在礼盒上系蝴蝶结需要耐心和练习。句子缺少主语，动词作主语时需用动名词形式，“系”tie的动名词为tying。根据首字母提示填空1 In our study, we should try to avoid making s_______ because they may cause failure.【答案】(m)istakes【解析】句意：在我们的学习中，我们应该尽量避免犯错误，因为它们可能导致失败。根据“because they may casue failure”及首字母提示可知，make mistakes“犯错误”，固定搭配，故填(m)istakes。2 My room was m_______ yesterday, but now it has been tidied up.【答案】(m)essy【解析】句意：我的房间昨天很乱，但现在已经被整理好了。根据“but now it has been tidied up”及首字母提示，可知昨天房间是凌乱的，“messy（凌乱的）”符合语境，故填(m)essy。3 Reducing the use of plastic bags is helpful for r_______ pollution.【答案】(r)educing【解析】句意：减少塑料袋的使用有助于减少污染。根据“is helpful for”及首字母提示可知“reducing（减少）”污染，故填(r)educing。4 On cold winter days, people often wear g_______ to keep their hands warm.【答案】(g)loves【解析】句意：在寒冷的冬天，人们常常戴手套来保持手的温暖。根据“wear ... to keep their hands warm”及首字母提示可知是戴“gloves（手套）”，故填(g)loves。5 The teacher made some important m_______ on my composition.【答案】(m)arks【解析】句意：老师在我的作文上做了一些重要的标记。根据“made some important ... on my composition”及首字母提示可知，在作文上作“marks（标记）”，故填(m)arks。6 There are many optional (可选择的) c_______ in our college for students to choose.【答案】(c)ourses【解析】句意：在我们学院里有很多选修课供学生选择。根据“many optional ... for students to choose”及首字母提示可知是许多选修“courses（课程）”，故填(c)ourses。7 I was n______ late for school this morning because my bike broke down on the way.【答案】(n)early【解析】句意：今天早上我差点迟到，因为路上自行车坏了。根据“bike broke down”和首字母可知，此处指“几乎”迟到，nearly“几乎”符合语境。8 The bookstore has wooden s______ filled with new novels and textbooks.【答案】(s)helves【解析】句意：书店里有木制的架子，摆满了新小说和课本。根据“filled with new novels and textbooks”和首字母可知，需要架子摆放书籍，shelves“架子（复数）”符合语境。9 After two months of training, the athletes were excited to see the r______ of the competition.【答案】(r)esults【解析】句意：经过两个月的训练，运动员们很期待看到比赛的结果。根据“training”和“competition”及首字母可知，此处指比赛“结果”，results“结果（复数）”符合语境。10 The artist g______ the colorful paper to the wall to make a beautiful collage.【答案】(g)lued【解析】句意：艺术家把彩纸粘在墙上，制作了一幅漂亮的拼贴画。根据“colorful paper”和“collage”及首字母可知，此处指“粘贴（过去式）”彩纸，glued“粘贴（过去式）”符合语境。用单词的适当形式填空1 After the heavy rain, the old bridge was ______ (able) to support the weight of trucks.【答案】unable【解析】句意：大雨后，这座旧桥无法支撑卡车的重量。根据语境“After the heavy rain”和“support the weight of trucks”可知，无法支撑，需用able的否定形式unable“不能的”作表语。2 The nurse felt ______ (patient) when the child kept crying during the injection.【答案】impatient【解析】句意：打针时孩子一直哭，护士变得不耐烦。根据“kept crying”可知是不耐烦的，需用patient的反义词impatient“不耐烦的”作表语。3 The students ______ (active) took part in in the discussion because they didn’t prepare well.【答案】inactively【解析】句意：学生们因准备不充分，讨论时参与不积极。修饰动词took part in需用副词，active的否定副词为inactively“不积极地”。4 The _______ (perfect) work made him unhappy.【答案】imperfect【解析】句意：这项不完美的工作让他不开心。根据“made him unhappy”可知，此处表示“不完美的”，故填imperfect。5 Skiing on thin ice is ______ (danger) than cycling on a busy road.【答案】more dangerous【解析】句意：在薄冰上滑雪比在繁忙道路上骑车更危险。句中“than”提示用比较级，danger的形容词比较级为more dangerous“更危险的”。6 Not only the kids but also their mother ______ (tie) balloons to the party room now.【答案】is tying【解析】句意：现在不仅孩子们，他们的妈妈也在往派对房间系气球。not only...but also遵循就近原则，最近的主语是mother（单数），且now提示现在进行时，故用is tying。7 The engineer followed the ______ (instruct) to fix the broken machine.【答案】instructions【解析】句意：工程师按照说明修理坏了的机器。follow后接名词作宾语，instruct的名词复数为instructions“说明”。8 The artist ______ (dye) the white cloth blue to make traditional patterns.【答案】dyed【解析】句意：艺术家把白布染成蓝色制作传统图案。描述过去动作需用过去式，dye的过去式为dyed“染色”。9 My grandma ______ (sew) a warm quilt for me before I left for college.【答案】sewed【解析】句意：奶奶在我上大学前为我缝了一床温暖的被子。描述过去动作需用过去式，sew的过去式为sewed“缝制”。10 The teacher pointed out my mistakes and told me how to answer _______ (correct).【答案】correctly【解析】句意：老师指出我的错误并告诉我如何正确回答。根据语境，此处需要用副词修饰动词“answer”，correctly“正确地”，故填correctly。根据音标填空1 The baby held the toy tightly with his small _______ [ˈfɪŋɡəz].【答案】fingers【解析】句意：婴儿用他的小手指紧紧抓住玩具。根据音标可知单词是fingers“手指”，名词复数作宾语。2 He showed me different _______ [ˈpætənz] of butterfly wings in the book.【答案】patterns【解析】句意：他在书中给我展示了蝴蝶翅膀的不同图案。根据音标可知单词是patterns“图案”，名词复数作宾语。3 The artist cleaned her paint _______ [ˈbrʌʃɪz] after finishing the picture.【答案】brushes【解析】句意：艺术家完成画作后清洗了她的画笔。根据音标可知单词是brushes“刷子”，名词复数作宾语。4 It’s _______ [səˈpraɪzɪŋ] that the shy boy won the speech contest.【答案】surprising【解析】句意：这个害羞的男孩赢得演讲比赛，真是令人惊讶。根据音标可知单词是surprising“令人惊讶的”，形容词作表语。5 Please follow the _______ [ɪnˈstrʌkʃnz] to set up the new computer.【答案】instructions【解析】句意：请按照说明设置新电脑。根据音标可知单词是instructions“说明”，名词复数作宾语。6 The library’s wooden _______ [ʃelvz] were filled with storybooks.【答案】shelves【解析】句意：图书馆的木制架子上摆满了故事书。根据音标可知单词是shelves“架子”，名词复数作主语。7 The old man _______ [kəmˈpliːtli] forgot where he put his keys.【答案】completely【解析】句意：老人完全忘记了自己把钥匙放在哪里。根据音标可知单词是completely“完全地”，副词修饰动词forgot。8 The teacher wrote the formula (公式) on the blackboard with white _______ [tʃɔːk].【答案】chalk【解析】句意：老师用白色粉笔在黑板上写了公式。根据音标可知单词是chalk“粉笔”，名词作宾语。9 The factory’s new _______ [ˈprɒdʌkts] are sold well in the supermarket.【答案】products【解析】句意：工厂的新产品在超市里卖得很好。根据音标可知单词是products“产品”，名词复数作主语。10 We all hope the _______ [rɪˈzʌlt] of the competition will be announced soon.【答案】result【解析】句意：我们都希望比赛结果能尽快公布。根据音标可知单词是result“结果”，名词作宾语。根据英文解释填空1 Smoking can ______ (to make sth happen) serious health problems. 【答案】cause【解析】句意：吸烟会导致严重的健康问题。根据英文解释“使某事发生”可知用动词“cause”，can后接动词原形。2 She ______ (almost, very close to) fell off the bike when the wheel stuck. 【答案】nearly【解析】句意：车轮卡住时，她差点从自行车上摔下来。根据英文解释“几乎、差一点”可知填“nearly”，修饰动词fell。3 I looked ________ (in all places) for my keys but couldn't find them.【答案】everywhere【解析】句意：我到处找我的钥匙，但找不到。根据英文解释“在所有地方”可知，此处表示“在各个地方”，“everywhere”符合语境。4 She has an ________ (different from what is usual) ability to remember names.【答案】unusual【解析】句意：她有一种不寻常的能力，可以记住名字。根据英文解释“与通常情况不同”可知，此处表示“不寻常的”，“unusual”符合语境。5 The new policy aims to ______ (make something smaller in size or amount) air pollution in the city.【答案】reduce【解析】句意：这项新政策旨在减少城市中的空气污染。根据英文解释“使某物在尺寸、数量上变小”可知此处指“减少”，to后接动词原。选词填空【A】complete, nearly, danger, crazy about, curious about, love1 She is ________ how the machine works and wants to take it apart.2 Her ________ smile always brightens up the room and cheers everyone up.3 I ________ agree with your idea of organizing a study group.4 The girls were ________ the pop singer and screamed his name everywhere.5 The hikers noticed the _______ ahead, so they decided to find another path.【答案】1.curious about 2.lovely 3.completely 4.crazy about 5.danger【解析】1 句意：她对机器如何工作感到好奇，并想把它拆开。根据“how the machine works and wants to take it apart”和备选词汇可知，此处指对机器运作感到好奇，“curious about”意为“对……感到好奇”，符合语境。2 句意：她那可爱的微笑总是能让房间变得明亮，让每个人都开心起来。根据“brightens up the room and cheers everyone up”和备选词汇可知，此处是可爱的微笑，“lovely”意为“可爱的”，符合语境。3 句意：我完全同意你组织学习小组的想法。根据“agree with your idea”和备选词汇可知，此处指完全同意，“completely”意为“完全地”，副词修饰动词agree。4 句意：女孩们痴迷于这位流行歌手，到处尖叫着他的名字。根据“screamed his name everywhere.”和备选词汇可知，此处指痴迷于歌星，“crazy about”意为“痴迷于；对……着迷”，符合语境。5 句意：徒步旅行者注意到了前方的危险，所以决定找另一条路。根据“so they decided to find another path”和备选词汇可知，此处指注意到了危险，the后加名词，“danger”意为“危险”，符合语境。【B】can, born, usual, waste, instead of, had better1 The doctor said Grandpa ________ not smoke or drink anymore.2 The teacher noticed a(n) _______ expression on Li Lei’s face. He must be worried.3 It’s said that babies ________ in spring are often active and cheerful.4 Mom made vegetable soup _______ meat soup because Dad is on a diet.5 I helped my mom collect empty soda ________ to sell for recycling.【答案】1.had better 2.unusual 3.born 4.instead of 5 cans【解析】1 句意：医生说爷爷最好不要再抽烟喝酒了。根据“not smoke or drink anymore”和备选词汇可知，此处指最好不要抽烟，“had better”意为“最好”，符合语境。2 句意：老师注意到李雷脸上有一种不寻常的表情，他肯定很担心。根据“He must be worried”和备选词汇可知，此处指不寻常的表情，“unusual”意为“不寻常的”，符合语境。3 句意：据说春天出生的婴儿通常比较活泼开朗。根据“babies ... in spring”和备选词汇可知，此处指出生于春天，“born”意为“出生”，作后置定语，符合语境。4 句意：妈妈做了蔬菜汤而不是肉汤，因为爸爸在节食。根据“vegetable soup ... meat soup”和备选词汇可知，此处指蔬菜汤而不是肉汤，“instead of”意为“而不是”，符合语境。5 句意：我帮助妈妈收集空汽水瓶来卖了回收利用。根据“collect empty soda ... to sell for recycling.”和备选词汇可知，此处指收集空罐子卖出去，can“罐子”，且应用复数表示多个。【C】rather than, brush, untie, catch one’s eye, as a result, joy1 The boy ________ the knot in his shoelaces before taking off his shoes.2 A bright sign on the wall _______ when he entered the store.3 She got a bad cold ________ of walking in the rain.4 Her success brought _________ to all her family members.5 He decided to walk to school _________ take the bus to save money.【答案】 1.untied 2.caught his eye 3.as a result 4.joy 5.rather than【解析】1 句意：那男孩在脱鞋前先解开了鞋带上的结。根据“before taking off his shoes”和备选词汇可知，此处指解开鞋带，“untie”意为“解开”，符合语境。句子描述的是过去发生的动作，是一般过去时，应用过去式。2 根据“ A bright sign on the wall”和备选词汇可知，一个标志吸引某人的目光，“catch one’s eye”意为“吸引某人的目光”，符合语境。句子描述的是过去发生的动作是一般过去时，用过去式caught，he对应his。3 句意：由于在雨中行走，她得了重感冒。根据“She got a bad cold ... of walking in the rain.”备选词汇可知，感冒是因为在雨中行走，“as a result of”意为“由于”，符合语境。4 句意：她的成功给所有的家庭成员带来了欢乐。根据“Her success brought”和备选词汇可知，成功带来欢乐，“joy”意为“欢乐”，不可数名词，符合语境。5 句意：他决定步行去学校而不是坐公交车，以节省钱。根据“walk to school ... take the bus”和备选词汇可知，此处指步行而不是坐校车，“rather than”意为“而不是”，符合语境。【D】take a course, be careful with, expensive, cloth, dye, hands-on1 This restaurant serves delicious and _______ food. You must like it.2 I learn best through _______ experience, not just reading books.3 It’s helpful ________ if you want to learn something new.4 _______ eggs is a popular activity during Easter.5 You need _________ glass bottles. They break easily.【答案】1.inexpensive 2.hands-on 3.to take a course 4.Dyeing 5.to be careful with【解析】1 句意：这家餐厅供应美味又昂贵的食物，你一定会喜欢。根据“You must like it.”可知，可知食物美味且不贵，expensive的反义词是inexpensive“不贵的”。故填inexpensive。2 句意：我通过实践经验丰富来学习，而不仅仅是读书。根据“experience”可知，此处指实践经验，hands-on“实践的、动手的”，符合语境。3 句意：如果你想学新知识，参加课程是有帮助的。根据“if you want to learn something new”可知，想学新东西可以参加课程。take a course参加课程”，符合语境；且ir作形式主语，用不定式作真正主语。4 句意：在复活节期间，给鸡蛋染色是一项受欢迎的活动。根据“during Easter”可知，给鸡蛋染色是复活节活动之一，“dye”意为“给……染色”，符合语境；且此处是动名词“Dyeing”作主语。5 句意：你需要小心玻璃瓶，它们容易破碎。根据“They break easily.”可知，此处指小心玻璃瓶。“be careful with”意为“小心……”，符合语境；且need to do sth，用不定式作宾语。