山东省烟台市莱州市第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份山东省烟台市莱州市第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题（原卷版+解析版），共32页。试卷主要包含了5分, 满分7， Wh is the man?等内容，欢迎下载使用。
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What type f art des the wman find beautiful?
A. Traditinal art. B. Mdern art. C. Realistic art.
2. Hw will the wman help the man?
A. By getting him smething t drink.
B. By turning n the music.
C. By ding his wrk.
3. Wh are the speakers waiting fr?
A. Their c-wrkers. B. Sme artists. C. Their guide.
4. What is the man ding?
A. Ding sme shpping. B. Ordering fd. C. Cking a meal.
5. What des the man mean?
A. Five curses may be t many.
B. It wuld be wiser t take mre curses.
C. Only fur curses will be ffered in the new term.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What des the wman want t rder at first?
A. Orange juice. B. A pizza. C. Lemn tea.
7. What will the man prbably d next?
A. Bring the wman’s fd.
B. Take the wman’s rder.
C. Intrduce the meal deal.
听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。
8. Wh is the man?
A. An animal expert. B. A teacher. C. A designer.
9. What des the girl think is difficult?
A. T learn abut all kinds f animals.
B. T use the scissrs crrectly.
C. T make a paper elephant.
10. What is the cnversatin mainly abut?
A. Wild elephants. B. Schl supplies. C. Paper flding art.
听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。
11. What is the wman ding?
A. Receiving a custmer. B. Prmting her prducts. C. Answering a phne call.
12. Why des the wman aplgize?
A: She put dwn the man’s infrmatin wrngly.
B. They are shrt f tea and cffee.
C. Her wrkmate made a mistake.
13. What will the man prbably d next?
A. Check the wman’s identity
B. G t the waiting rm
C. Make a cmplaint.
听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。
14. Hw des the wman feel at first?
A. Hpeful. B. Terrible. C. Happy.
15. What is the man trying t tell the wman?
A. Facts abut camels. B. Experiences in the desert. C. Stries abut sandstrms.
16. What des the wman think camels hate?
A. Being in the sand every day.
B. Carrying 200 kils n their backs.
C. Drinking 180 liters f water in ne g.
17. What is the speakers’ destinatin?
A. A beach. B. A desert. C. A htel.
听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。
18. Which place is the next stp?
A. The Lake Park B. The Natinal Z. C. The Science Museum.
19. What’s the weather like tday?
A. Warm. B. Ht. C. Cld.
20. When is the best time fr bird watching in this place?
A. In late spring. B. In early autumn. C. In winter.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Vlunteer Zambia
Vlunteer Zambia is a unique internatinal sprt prgramme run by the Wallace Grup — a cperatin between leading UK “sprt” universities — t primarily supprt and wrk with the leading Zambian sprts Nn-Gvernmental Organizatin, Sprt in Actin. The prject is cmmitted t the sustainable practice f bth sprt and internatinal develpment.
Every year Durham University sends students ut t Zambia fr 8 weeks between June and September. Vlunteers wrk with Zambian vlunteer caches t deliver sustainable sprt pprtunities fr yung peple in their cmmunity, particularly wmen and girls.
The rles include:
— Ftball Develpment Officer
— Basketball Develpment Officer
— Media, Marketing and Cmmunicatins Officer
— Enterprise Develpment Officer
Please email @ r cmmunity. engagement@ fr mre infrmatin abut any f the rles.
When can I apply?
Applicatins typically pen September/Octber fr the fllwing year’s travel. Find us at freshers fair, r email vlunteerzambia.du@ if yu are interested in applying.
APPLICATIONS FOR 2025 TRAVEL ARE OPEN!
Applicatins clse: 25th Nvember 2024 fr sprt develpment and 21st December 2024 fr business enterprise. 28th Nvember fr media, marketing and cmmunicatins.
Interested in fundraising fr Sprt in Actin?
In additin t being an active member f the Vlunteer Zambia Prject, Durham University is devted t fundraising fr Sprt in Actin Zambia. Every year Team Durham clubs cntribute t raising ver £10,000 fr it.
If yu are interested in hsting a fundraising event fr Sprt in Actin, please email sprtinactin.zambia@ t find ut hw yu can d this.
1. What is an aim f Vlunteer Zambia?
A. T expand the Wallace Grup.B. T advertise UK “sprt” universities.
C. T prmte Zambian sprt develpment.D. T spnsr the yuth f Durham University.
2. When can yu submit yur applicatin fr the rle f Basketball Develpment Officer?
A. Nv. 24, 2024.B. Nv. 28, 2024.
C. Dec. 21, 2024.D. Dec. 25, 2024.
3. Which email accunt can yu turn t fr the fundraising infrmatin?
A. vlunteerzambia.du@B. @
C. sprtinactin.zambia@D. cmmunity.engagement@
B
18 years ag, a 14-year-ld by frm Kasungu district in Malawi was frced t drp ut f schl fr lack f fees. At the same time, a severe famine was destrying his village, claiming peple’s lives and leaving desperatin in its wake.
This was a situatin t break the strngest f minds but William Kamkwamba did nt give up. Yung as he was, he knew that educatin was where his future lay. He fund hpe in the library and feasted n the knwledge that he harvested frm its bks. It was there that he came acrss a science textbk entitled Using Energy. He learned that he culd generate electricity using wind. The yungster realized that, if mastered, this pwer culd help his village in exceptinal ways.
Armed with determinatin and an irn will, the teenager set ut t build a windmill ut f randm materials frm a scrapyard (垃圾场). Thugh his utside wrld was cllapsing t dust, the yungster did nt hesitate abut his purpse. He defended himself frm all dubt and criticism. He wrked tirelessly until his dream f bringing electricity t his village became reality. Sn, he was caught in the center f media attentin that tk him t new places that he wuld never have stepped n withut his inventin.
In his village, the dust has nt settled yet and the winds f change cntinue t blw acrss the land. Windmills pump water t irrigate crps, sweeping away anther perid f hunger. William’s frmer primary schl basts new and strnger buildings, thanks t the help f well-wishers and the villagers’ united effrts.
What seemed like a hpeless situatin has been turned int an inspiratinal stry that mtivates each and every ne f us, persuading us that n misfrtune is set in stne. William refused t be a schl drp-ut frever. He sught slutins fr his prblems and cntinued fighting even when the ging gt tugh. He was able t rise abve pverty t becme a graduate frm ne f America’s best universities, Dartmuth Cllege.
4. What inspired William t bring electricity t his village?
A. His realizatin f the impact f electricity.B. His awareness f the rle f educatin.
C. The science textbk entitled Using Energy.D. The severe famine destrying his village.
5. What can we learn frm paragraph 3?
A. All peple didn’t supprt William’s dream at first.
B. The public had little interest in William’s inventin.
C. The inventin enabled William t make a big frtune.
D. The windmill is energy-efficient and envirnmentally friendly.
6. What des the underlined wrds “set in stne”in the last paragraph mean?
A. Visible.B. Avidable.C. Unchangeable.D. Unpredictable.
7. What message des the authr want t cnvey in this stry?
A Knwledge feasts mind and educatin prmises wealth.
B. Necessity inspires inventin and hardship makes heres.
C. Criticism prmtes success and dubt facilitates creatin.
D. Adversity mtivates inspiratin and supprt pushes slutins.
C
Imagine yu’re cking ptates fr breakfast. First, yu’d remve the ptates frm their plastic bag. Then, yu might chp them n a plastic cutting bard. Next, yu’d prbably ck them in a nnstick pan. All the remving, chpping and verheating f nnstick pans can add 2.3 millin micrplastics t yur fd.
Besides fd, the air and water in yur hme is full f micrplastics. Smaller than a grain f salt, we interact with them mre than we might realize. Humans breathe in abut 22,000,000 micrplastics annually. As a result, micrplastics have been detected in ur bld and lungs. We’re nly just beginning t understand the effect f micrplastics n human health — but research suggests we shuld cncern mre.
A grundbreaking new study shws hw the presence f micrplastics in arteries (动脉血管) is linked t a greater risk f heart attack and death. When micrplastics build up in arteries, the thicker bld vessel (血管) walls reduce bld flw t parts f the bdy. This study will inspire mre research int what ther rgans plastic may be damaging, such as the brain, r stmach.
Micrplastics may be inescapable, but with simple swaps and fixes, yu can reduce the amunt f micrplastics yu encunter in yur wn hme. Carry yur wn reusable bags and avid buying fd that cmes in much plastic packaging. When heating fd, use stainless steel instead f nnstick pans. Anther way t limit yur expsure is t filter (过滤) yur tap water t reduce plastic fibers in the tap water.
Ultimately, plastic manufacturers and the cmpanies that sell their prducts are respnsible fr the high vlume f plastic waste in ur envirnments, and significantly reducing that plastic — and the micrplastics that cme with it — will have t be at the plicy level natinwide and wrldwide.
8. What des the authr try t cnvey by telling the cking stry?
A. Micrplastics directly lead t diseases.
B. Nnstick pans are free f micrplastics.
C. We cnsumed micrplastics unknwingly.
D. Cking is t blame fr making micrplastics.
9. Hw d micrplastics affect ur bdy accrding t the new study?
A By damaging ur brain.B. By slwing bld flw.
C. By thickening ur lungs.D. By causing stmachache.
10. What des Paragraph 4 mainly talk abut?
A. Tips fr peple t cut micrplastics.
B. Prf f micrplastics in ur hmes.
C. Presence f micrplastics in packaging.
D. Expsure t micrplastics via tap water.
11. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Plastic waste cmes frm micrplastics n earth.
B. The amunt f plastic waste is significantly large.
C. Relevant regulatins are vital t cntain plastic use.
D. Plastic makers and buyers answer fr plastic waste.
D
Imagine jurneying dwn the highway when yu ntice yur fuel tank running lw. Yur GPS indicates 10 gas statins. Naturally yu want the cheapest ptin. Yu pass the first handful and bserve their prices befre appraching ne with a seemingly gd deal. D yu stp, withut knwing hw sweet the bargains culd get up the rad? Or d yu cntinue explring and risk regret fr rejecting the bird in hand? Hw d yu decide when t explre further and when t decide n a chice?
As a fascinating recent Big Think article explains in detail, n matter what chice yu’ re making, mathematicians claim the 37 percent rule applies. Spend the first 37 percent f yur decisin-making prcess gathering infrmatin and cmmitting t nthing. After that, chse the next ptin that cmes alng that’s better than everything yu’ve seen befre. This rule gives yu the highest prbability f making the superir chice.
Applying this precise rule will simplify messy reality. If yu’ve given yurself a mnth t hunt fr a mst cmfrtable apartment the 37 percent rule suggests yu spend the first third r s f that surveying the market and making n decisins. If yu’re hiring an assistant and plan t interview 10 candidates, let the first three g by. Then chse the next persn wh beats that first bunch.
What if an abslutely brilliant candidate just happens t be the first ne yu cme acrss? Fllwing this rule might end up cmplaining and wndering, “What if?” It is true that matters f the heart aren’t lgical, and this rule nly maximizes prbabilities. It desn’t guarantee success. S if lightning strikes r the angels sing and yu’ re abslutely sure yu’ve fund the perfect match fr yu, dn’t let inflexible rules stand in the way.
But even if it’s unwise t blindly fllw the 37 percent rule in every instance, that desn’t make it unhelpful. Spending rughly the first third f yur decisin-making prcess gathering infrmatin can help yu resist fear f missing ut. Knwing that yu shuld secure the first candidate wh beats the ptins yu previusly explred can help yu gather the curage t make decisins.
12. What des the underlined phrase “the bird in hand” in paragraph 1 refer t?
A. A sweeter bargain ahead.B. The first GPS recmmendatin.
C. The previus cheaper gas statin.D. A mre suitable rute n the jurney.
13. Which f the fllwing is an example f the 37 percent rule?
A. Chsing the 1st frm 100.B. Chsing the 36th frm 100.
C. Chsing the 37th frm 100.D. Chsing the 38th frm 100.
14. What is the writing purpse f paragraph 4?
A. T ffer a reminder.B. T give an example.
C. T prve a cnclusin.D. T make an assumptin.
15. Hw des the 37 percent rule benefit us?
A. It bsts ur self-cnfidence.B. It enhances ur ability t analyze data.
C. It strengthens ur links with the sciety.D. It imprves ur decisin-making efficiency.
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Green rfs have been arund fr thusands f years, lng befre mdern husing was develped. Frm the simple grass-cvered rfs abve caves t the famus Hanging Gardens f Babyln, they remained an imprtant part f architecture. ____16____ They bring enrmus envirnmental benefits and ffer slutins t sme pressing eclgical challenges f ur time.
In the design f a green rf, there are key factrs that cunt. The first step is t install (安装) a prtective layer ver the rf t prevent water damage. ____17____ It’s essential t chse high-quality materials, as nce the green rf is cmpleted and the building is in use, replacing the prtective layer becmes difficult and expensive.
Next, a drainage (排水) layer, which is ften made f pebbles r a special mat, is placed n tp. It helps water flw ff the rf instead f pling n it. Then, a grwing medium, like sil r ther similar materials, is spread ver the drainage layer. ____18____
Nw it’s time t chse plants fr the rf. Sme plants have shallw rt systems and dn’t need much water. ____19____ Sedum and chives are gd examples f such plants. They are nt nly water-efficient but tugh and lng-lasting.
____20____ It’s imprtant t think abut yur budget. On average, it csts $25 t $30 per square ft t install a green rf. This desn’t include the cst f installing r repairing the nrmal rf underneath. And there is labur cst t cver. If a traditinal rf csts $30 per square ft, installing a green rf culd easily duble that expense.
A. This is where the plants will grw.
B. Hwever, green rfs cme at a high cst.
C. Tday, green rfs are gaining mre attentin.
D. These features make them ideal fr green rfs.
E. As a result, they led t the ppularity f green rfs.
F. Green rf materials can range frm grass t slar panels.
G. The layer als stps plant rts grwing int the rf structure.
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On the night f the speech cntest, I was wrried abut the shy girl. My heart ____21____ when I knew the by n stage previus t her, ____22____, was fairly successful with his humr and persnal style. The whle audience burst ut a wave f ____23____ almst every 30 secnds.
My palms (手掌) began t ____24____. It was the first time that she had been n the stage, s I culdn’t blame her fr any ____25____. The strng sptlight made her s insignificant that nbdy ____26____ she had been n the stage.
But the mment that ____27____ me ccurred. I clearly heard a ____28____ vice, “Nw, yur ____29____, please!” The whle audience fell quiet. Small and thin as the girl appeared, the _____30_____ lk n her face instantly caught everyne’s eyes. Then her speech was n, lgical and well-rganized. Wrds f pwer _____31_____ freely ut f the girl like magic. When her speech _____32_____, a thunderus applause sunded frm the audience. When the cmpetitin was cncluding, all f us waited _____33_____ fr the winner’s name t be called. Tears f jy _____34_____ my visin when the hst annunced she wn first prize. Hlding the medal tightly, she gave me a brilliant smile. I _____35_____ her int my arms, t excited t say any wrds.
21. A. beatB. sankC. lstD. brke
22. A. sure enughB. wrse stillC. abve allD. in additin
23. A. cryingB. warningC. clappingD. screaming
24. A. sweatB. trembleC. changeD. turn
25. A. tryB. pseC. guessD. slip
26 A. thughtB. admittedC. ignredD. nticed
27. A. cnfusedB. interestedC. surprisedD. challenged
28. A. ludB. weakC. tightD. lw
29. A. supprtB. attentinC. vteD. silence
30. A. determinedB. puzzledC. relaxedD. bred
31. A. crwdedB. hurriedC. buncedD. flwed
32. A. startedB. endedC. prgressedD. rested
33. A. sincerelyB. easilyC. wildlyD. eagerly
34. A. mistedB. hidC. preventedD. shaded
35. A. pushedB. threwC. pulledD. lifted
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Therapy dgs are dgs that are trained t give cmfrt t peple in unfrtunate situatins. The stry f the first therapy dg is very interesting. During Wrld War Ⅱ, a sldier named William Wynne fund an ____36____ (abandn) dg n the battlefield (战场). He became ____37____ (friend) with the dg and named it Smky. When William became very ill and entered a hspital, his friends frequently brught Smky t visit him, ____38____ made it becme s ppular with the ther sick sldiers in the hspital that it was allwed t stay. The dctrs in the hspital used Smky t help cheer p the patients. After the war ended, Smky cntinued t wrk ____39____ a therapy dg in the United States.
In the 1970s, Elaine Smith, ____40____ American nurse, started a prgram t train therapy dgs. Smith nticed patients in hspitals seemed t recver (康复) much ____41____ (fast) when dgs had been arund. ____42____ amazed dctrs and nurses was that having animals visit hspitals helped lwer stress and bld pressure amng patients. In the 1980s and 1990s, ther animals als started t help the sick.
Tday, therapy pets ____43____ (use) t help many different peple with prblems. Fr example, they help children with reading difficulties by ____44____ (prvide) an audience that wn’t belittle (轻视) them. Sme therapy pets can wrk alng with the patient and the dctr in an effrt ____45____ (help) peple learn t walk again after a serius injury.
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你班英语课开展“手工制作丰富生活(Handicrafting Enriches Life)”为主题的项目学习活动。请你写一篇发言稿，代表小组介绍你们的作品，内容包括：
1. 作品描述；
2. 创作缘由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear classmates,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Carter enjyed riding the schl bus hme. The ride hme gave him sme time t relax after a busy day f fifth grade. He usually sat alne and enjyed that t. With fur siblings (兄妹) he didn't get much time alne. Smetimes he sat with his yunger brther, Jacksn, but Jacksn was sick at hme tday.
The bus stpped and the tallest by in his class, Dexter, stepped ff fllwed by his yunger brther, Billy. As the bus pulled away, Carter lked back ver his shulder t watch the bys. Dexter was yelling and waving his hands at his little brther. Billy said smething Carter culd nt hear. Dexter yelled, gave his yunger brther a hard shve and kncked him t the grund. Billy was n the grund wiping at his eyes, but Dexter walked away.
Carter turned in his seat, feeling disgusted. He hated seeing little kids get picked n (欺负).The sight f Billy n the grund crying was burned int his memry. He tried t think f smething else.
He thught f the mdel car he was wrking n at hme, a 1967 Crvette. He started building it ver a week ag and just finished putting it tgether last night. Tnight, as sn as he finished his hmewrk, he culd start painting the car. That was his favrite part. He already had the perfect clr f blue picked ut.
He hurried ff the bus, ran thrugh his yard, and breezed thrugh the kitchen with a quick hell t his mm. She was making spaghetti, which smelled delicius. He ran up the stairs tw at a time and rushed int his rm.
“Surprise!” his brther Jacksn said, thrwing his arms int the air. "What are yu ding in my rm? I thught yu were sick!”
“I feel better!”
"What's n yur face? Are yu bleeding?"
"N! I'm nt bleeding." Jacksn wiped at his face, prbably just paint. Lk! Lk what I did!” He pinted at the desk in the cmer f Carter's rm.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1
Carter lked dwn at his desk in hrrr
Paragraph 2
Carter tk a deep breath and then unflded his fist.
2023级高二第三次质量检测英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What type f art des the wman find beautiful?
A. Traditinal art. B. Mdern art. C. Realistic art.
2. Hw will the wman help the man?
A. By getting him smething t drink.
B. By turning n the music.
C. By ding his wrk.
3. Wh are the speakers waiting fr?
A. Their c-wrkers. B. Sme artists. C. Their guide.
4. What is the man ding?
A. Ding sme shpping. B. Ordering fd. C. Cking a meal.
5. What des the man mean?
A. Five curses may be t many.
B. It wuld be wiser t take mre curses.
C. Only fur curses will be ffered in the new term.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What des the wman want t rder at first?
A. Orange juice. B. A pizza. C. Lemn tea.
7. What will the man prbably d next?
A. Bring the wman’s fd.
B. Take the wman’s rder.
C. Intrduce the meal deal.
听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。
8. Wh is the man?
A. An animal expert. B. A teacher. C. A designer.
9. What des the girl think is difficult?
A. T learn abut all kinds f animals.
B. T use the scissrs crrectly.
C. T make a paper elephant.
10. What is the cnversatin mainly abut?
A. Wild elephants. B. Schl supplies. C. Paper flding art.
听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。
11. What is the wman ding?
A. Receiving a custmer. B. Prmting her prducts. C. Answering a phne call.
12. Why des the wman aplgize?
A: She put dwn the man’s infrmatin wrngly.
B. They are shrt f tea and cffee.
C. Her wrkmate made a mistake.
13 What will the man prbably d next?
A. Check the wman’s identity
B. G t the waiting rm
C. Make a cmplaint.
听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。
14. Hw des the wman feel at first?
A. Hpeful. B. Terrible. C. Happy.
15. What is the man trying t tell the wman?
A. Facts abut camels. B. Experiences in the desert. C. Stries abut sandstrms.
16. What des the wman think camels hate?
A. Being in the sand every day.
B. Carrying 200 kils n their backs.
C. Drinking 180 liters f water in ne g.
17. What is the speakers’ destinatin?
A. A beach. B. A desert. C. A htel.
听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。
18. Which place is the next stp?
A. The Lake Park B. The Natinal Z. C. The Science Museum.
19. What’s the weather like tday?
A. Warm. B. Ht. C. Cld.
20. When is the best time fr bird watching in this place?
A. In late spring. B. In early autumn. C. In winter.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Vlunteer Zambia
Vlunteer Zambia is a unique internatinal sprt prgramme run by the Wallace Grup — a cperatin between leading UK “sprt” universities — t primarily supprt and wrk with the leading Zambian sprts Nn-Gvernmental Organizatin, Sprt in Actin. The prject is cmmitted t the sustainable practice f bth sprt and internatinal develpment.
Every year Durham University sends students ut t Zambia fr 8 weeks between June and September. Vlunteers wrk with Zambian vlunteer caches t deliver sustainable sprt pprtunities fr yung peple in their cmmunity, particularly wmen and girls.
The rles include:
— Ftball Develpment Officer
— Basketball Develpment Officer
— Media, Marketing and Cmmunicatins Officer
— Enterprise Develpment Officer
Please email @ r cmmunity. engagement@ fr mre infrmatin abut any f the rles.
When can I apply?
Applicatins typically pen September/Octber fr the fllwing year’s travel. Find us at freshers fair, r email vlunteerzambia.du@ if yu are interested in applying.
APPLICATIONS FOR 2025 TRAVEL ARE OPEN!
Applicatins clse: 25th Nvember 2024 fr sprt develpment and 21st December 2024 fr business enterprise. 28th Nvember fr media, marketing and cmmunicatins.
Interested in fundraising fr Sprt in Actin?
In additin t being an active member f the Vlunteer Zambia Prject, Durham University is devted t fundraising fr Sprt in Actin Zambia. Every year Team Durham clubs cntribute t raising ver £10,000 fr it.
If yu are interested in hsting a fundraising event fr Sprt in Actin, please email sprtinactin.zambia@ t find ut hw yu can d this.
1. What is an aim f Vlunteer Zambia?
A. T expand the Wallace Grup.B. T advertise UK “sprt” universities.
C. T prmte Zambian sprt develpment.D. T spnsr the yuth f Durham University.
2. When can yu submit yur applicatin fr the rle f Basketball Develpment Officer?
A. Nv. 24, 2024.B. Nv. 28, 2024.
C. Dec. 21, 2024.D. Dec. 25, 2024.
3. Which email accunt can yu turn t fr the fundraising infrmatin?
A. vlunteerzambia.du@B. @
C. sprtinactin.zambia@D. cmmunity.engagement@
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Vlunteer Zambia这一国际体育项目，包括项目的发起方、目的、每年杜伦大学派送学生参与的情况、项目所包含的具体角色、申请时间及对应的截止日期，以及杜伦大学为赞比亚的Sprt in Actin组织筹款相关事宜。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Vlunteer Zambia is a unique internatinal sprt prgramme run by the Wallace Grup — a cperatin between leading UK “sprt” universities — t primarily supprt and wrk with the leading Zambian sprts Nn-Gvernmental Organizatin, Sprt in Actin. The prject is cmmitted t the sustainable practice f bth sprt and internatinal develpment. (‘志愿者赞比亚’是一个独特的国际体育项目，由华莱士集团（Wallace Grup）运营，由英国顶尖的‘体育’大学合作，主要支持并与赞比亚领先的体育非政府组织sprt in Actin合作。该项目致力于体育和国际发展的可持续实践。)”可知，Vlunteer Zambia的目标是促进赞比亚体育发展，故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题“When can I apply?”下的“Applicatins clse: 25th Nvember 2024 fr sprt develpment and 21st December 2024 fr business enterprise. 28th Nvember fr media, marketing and cmmunicatins. (申请截止日期：体育发展2024年11月25日，商业企业2024年12月21日。11月28日，媒体、营销和传播。)”可知，篮球发展专员属于体育发展类角色，其申请截止时间是2024年11月25日，所以应在该日期前提交申请，故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“If yu are interested in hsting a fundraising event fr Sprt in Actin, please email sprtinactin.zambia@ t find ut hw yu can d this. (如果你有兴趣为Sprt in Actin举办筹款活动，请发送电子邮件至sprtinactin.zambia@了解如何执行此操作。)”可知，如果想了解筹款信息，应该发邮件到sprtinactin.zambia@，故选C项。
B
18 years ag, a 14-year-ld by frm Kasungu district in Malawi was frced t drp ut f schl fr lack f fees. At the same time, a severe famine was destrying his village, claiming peple’s lives and leaving desperatin in its wake.
This was a situatin t break the strngest f minds but William Kamkwamba did nt give up. Yung as he was, he knew that educatin was where his future lay. He fund hpe in the library and feasted n the knwledge that he harvested frm its bks. It was there that he came acrss a science textbk entitled Using Energy. He learned that he culd generate electricity using wind. The yungster realized that, if mastered, this pwer culd help his village in exceptinal ways.
Armed with determinatin and an irn will, the teenager set ut t build a windmill ut f randm materials frm a scrapyard (垃圾场). Thugh his utside wrld was cllapsing t dust, the yungster did nt hesitate abut his purpse. He defended himself frm all dubt and criticism. He wrked tirelessly until his dream f bringing electricity t his village became reality. Sn, he was caught in the center f media attentin that tk him t new places that he wuld never have stepped n withut his inventin.
In his village, the dust has nt settled yet and the winds f change cntinue t blw acrss the land. Windmills pump water t irrigate crps, sweeping away anther perid f hunger. William’s frmer primary schl basts new and strnger buildings, thanks t the help f well-wishers and the villagers’ united effrts.
What seemed like a hpeless situatin has been turned int an inspiratinal stry that mtivates each and every ne f us, persuading us that n misfrtune is set in stne. William refused t be a schl drp-ut frever. He sught slutins fr his prblems and cntinued fighting even when the ging gt tugh. He was able t rise abve pverty t becme a graduate frm ne f America’s best universities, Dartmuth Cllege.
4. What inspired William t bring electricity t his village?
A. His realizatin f the impact f electricity.B. His awareness f the rle f educatin.
C. The science textbk entitled Using Energy.D. The severe famine destrying his village.
5. What can we learn frm paragraph 3?
A. All peple didn’t supprt William’s dream at first.
B. The public had little interest in William’s inventin.
C. The inventin enabled William t make a big frtune.
D. The windmill is energy-efficient and envirnmentally friendly.
6. What des the underlined wrds “set in stne”in the last paragraph mean?
A. Visible.B. Avidable.C. Unchangeable.D. Unpredictable.
7. What message des the authr want t cnvey in this stry?
A. Knwledge feasts mind and educatin prmises wealth.
B. Necessity inspires inventin and hardship makes heres.
C. Criticism prmtes success and dubt facilitates creatin.
D. Adversity mtivates inspiratin and supprt pushes slutins.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了少年William Kamkwamba通过废品改造，把村里通电的梦想成为现实。风车抽水灌溉庄稼，缓解了当地的饥荒。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“It was there that he came acrss a science textbk entitled Using Energy. He learned that he culd generate electricity using wind. The yungster realized that, if mastered, this pwer culd help his village in exceptinal ways.(在那里，他看到了一本名为《使用能源》的科学教科书。他了解到他可以利用风发电。这个年轻人意识到，如果掌握了这种力量，他可以以不同寻常的方式帮助他的村庄)”可知，科学教科书《使用能源》激励威廉把电带到他的村庄。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“He defended himself frm all dubt and criticism.(他为自己辩护，不受任何怀疑和批评)”可知，起初并不是所有人都支持威廉的梦想。故选A。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“What seemed like a hpeless situatin has been turned int an inspiratinal stry that mtivates each and every ne f us, persuading us that n misfrtune”以及后文“He sught slutins fr his prblems and cntinued fighting even when the ging gt tugh.(他为自己的问题寻求解决方案，即使情况变得艰难，他也会继续战斗)”可知，一个看似绝望的情况已经变成了一个鼓舞人心的故事，说明没有什么不幸是一成不变的，故划线词意思是“不变的”。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“What seemed like a hpeless situatin has been turned int an inspiratinal stry that mtivates each and every ne f us, persuading us that n misfrtune is set in stne. William refused t be a schl drp-ut frever. He sught slutins fr his prblems and cntinued fighting even when the ging gt tugh. He was able t rise abve pverty t becme a graduate frm ne f America’s best universities, Dartmuth Cllege.(一个看似绝望的情况已经变成了一个鼓舞人心的故事，激励着我们每一个人，让我们相信没有什么不幸是一成不变的。威廉拒绝永远做一个辍学者。他为自己的问题寻求解决方案，即使情况变得艰难，他也会继续战斗。他能够摆脱贫困，成为美国最好的大学之一达特茅斯学院的毕业生)”结合文章主要讲述了少年William Kamkwamba通过废品改造，把村里通电的梦想成为现实。风车抽水灌溉庄稼，缓解了当地的饥荒。可知，作者想在这个故事中表达需要激发发明，困难造就英雄。故选B。
C
Imagine yu’re cking ptates fr breakfast. First, yu’d remve the ptates frm their plastic bag. Then, yu might chp them n a plastic cutting bard. Next, yu’d prbably ck them in a nnstick pan. All the remving, chpping and verheating f nnstick pans can add 2.3 millin micrplastics t yur fd.
Besides fd, the air and water in yur hme is full f micrplastics. Smaller than a grain f salt, we interact with them mre than we might realize. Humans breathe in abut 22,000,000 micrplastics annually. As a result, micrplastics have been detected in ur bld and lungs. We’re nly just beginning t understand the effect f micrplastics n human health — but research suggests we shuld cncern mre.
A grundbreaking new study shws hw the presence f micrplastics in arteries (动脉血管) is linked t a greater risk f heart attack and death. When micrplastics build up in arteries, the thicker bld vessel (血管) walls reduce bld flw t parts f the bdy. This study will inspire mre research int what ther rgans plastic may be damaging, such as the brain, r stmach.
Micrplastics may be inescapable, but with simple swaps and fixes, yu can reduce the amunt f micrplastics yu encunter in yur wn hme. Carry yur wn reusable bags and avid buying fd that cmes in much plastic packaging. When heating fd, use stainless steel instead f nnstick pans. Anther way t limit yur expsure is t filter (过滤) yur tap water t reduce plastic fibers in the tap water.
Ultimately, plastic manufacturers and the cmpanies that sell their prducts are respnsible fr the high vlume f plastic waste in ur envirnments, and significantly reducing that plastic — and the micrplastics that cme with it — will have t be at the plicy level natinwide and wrldwide.
8. What des the authr try t cnvey by telling the cking stry?
A. Micrplastics directly lead t diseases.
B. Nnstick pans are free f micrplastics.
C. We cnsumed micrplastics unknwingly.
D. Cking is t blame fr making micrplastics.
9. Hw d micrplastics affect ur bdy accrding t the new study?
A. By damaging ur brain.B. By slwing bld flw.
C. By thickening ur lungs.D. By causing stmachache.
10. What des Paragraph 4 mainly talk abut?
A. Tips fr peple t cut micrplastics.
B. Prf f micrplastics in ur hmes.
C. Presence f micrplastics in packaging.
D. Expsure t micrplastics via tap water.
11. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Plastic waste cmes frm micrplastics n earth.
B. The amunt f plastic waste is significantly large.
C. Relevant regulatins are vital t cntain plastic use.
D. Plastic makers and buyers answer fr plastic waste.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了微塑料对人类健康的影响，包括其在食物、空气和水中的普遍存在，以及可能对人体器官如心脏造成的危害，并提出了一些减少微塑料暴露的建议。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Imagine yu’re cking ptates fr breakfast. First, yu’d remve the ptates frm their plastic bag. Then, yu might chp them n a plastic cutting bard. Next, yu’d prbably ck them in a nnstick pan. All the remving, chpping and verheating f nnstick pans can add 2.3 millin micrplastics t yur fd.(想象一下你在早餐时煮土豆。首先，你会从塑料袋里拿出土豆。然后，你可能会在塑料砧板上切它们。接下来，你可能会在不粘锅里煮它们。所有去除、切割和加热不粘锅的动作可能会给你的食物增加230万微塑料颗粒)”可推知，作者试图通过讲述烹饪故事来传达我们在不知情的情况下摄入了微塑料。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“A grundbreaking new study shws hw the presence f micrplastics in arteries (动脉血管) is linked t a greater risk f heart attack and death. When micrplastics build up in arteries, the thicker bld vessel (血管) walls reduce bld flw t parts f the bdy.(一项开创性的新研究表明，动脉中微塑料的存在与心脏病发作和死亡风险增加有关。当微塑料在动脉中积聚时，更厚的血管壁会减少流向身体各部位的血液)”可知，微塑料通过减缓血流来影响我们的身体。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Micrplastics may be inescapable, but with simple swaps and fixes, yu can reduce the amunt f micrplastics yu encunter in yur wn hme. Carry yur wn reusable bags and avid buying fd that cmes in much plastic packaging. When heating fd, use stainless steel instead f nnstick pans. Anther way t limit yur expsure is t filter (过滤) yur tap water t reduce plastic fibers in the tap water.(微塑料可能是无法避免的，但通过简单的替换和修复，你可以减少在自己家中接触到的微塑料的数量。带上你自己的可重复使用的袋子，避免购买包装有大量塑料的食品。加热食物时，使用不锈钢而不是不粘锅。另一种限制暴露的方法是过滤你的自来水以减少自来水中的塑料纤维)”可知，本段主要提供了减少在家中接触微塑料的建议，包括使用可重复使用的袋子、避免购买塑料包装的食品、使用不锈钢锅加热食物以及过滤自来水等。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ultimately, plastic manufacturers and the cmpanies that sell their prducts are respnsible fr the high vlume f plastic waste in ur envirnments, and significantly reducing that plastic — and the micrplastics that cme with it — will have t be at the plicy level natinwide and wrldwide.(最终，塑料制造商和销售其产品的公司对我们环境中大量的塑料垃圾负有责任，要在全国范围内和全球范围内大大减少这种塑料——以及随之而来的微塑料——将必须在政策层面进行)”可知，塑料制造商和销售产品的公司对塑料垃圾负有责任，并强调了在全国范围内和全球范围内通过政策层面减少塑料和微塑料的重要性。由此推知，相关法规对控制塑料使用至关重要。故选C。
D
Imagine jurneying dwn the highway when yu ntice yur fuel tank running lw. Yur GPS indicates 10 gas statins. Naturally, yu want the cheapest ptin. Yu pass the first handful and bserve their prices befre appraching ne with a seemingly gd deal. D yu stp, withut knwing hw sweet the bargains culd get up the rad? Or d yu cntinue explring and risk regret fr rejecting the bird in hand? Hw d yu decide when t explre further and when t decide n a chice?
As a fascinating recent Big Think article explains in detail, n matter what chice yu’ re making, mathematicians claim the 37 percent rule applies. Spend the first 37 percent f yur decisin-making prcess gathering infrmatin and cmmitting t nthing. After that, chse the next ptin that cmes alng that’s better than everything yu’ve seen befre. This rule gives yu the highest prbability f making the superir chice.
Applying this precise rule will simplify messy reality. If yu’ve given yurself a mnth t hunt fr a mst cmfrtable apartment, the 37 percent rule suggests yu spend the first third r s f that surveying the market and making n decisins. If yu’re hiring an assistant and plan t interview 10 candidates, let the first three g by. Then chse the next persn wh beats that first bunch.
What if an abslutely brilliant candidate just happens t be the first ne yu cme acrss? Fllwing this rule might end up cmplaining and wndering, “What if?” It is true that matters f the heart aren’t lgical, and this rule nly maximizes prbabilities. It desn’t guarantee success. S if lightning strikes r the angels sing and yu’ re abslutely sure yu’ve fund the perfect match fr yu, dn’t let inflexible rules stand in the way.
But even if it’s unwise t blindly fllw the 37 percent rule in every instance, that desn’t make it unhelpful. Spending rughly the first third f yur decisin-making prcess gathering infrmatin can help yu resist fear f missing ut. Knwing that yu shuld secure the first candidate wh beats the ptins yu previusly explred can help yu gather the curage t make decisins.
12. What des the underlined phrase “the bird in hand” in paragraph 1 refer t?
A. A sweeter bargain ahead.B. The first GPS recmmendatin.
C The previus cheaper gas statin.D. A mre suitable rute n the jurney.
13. Which f the fllwing is an example f the 37 percent rule?
A. Chsing the 1st frm 100.B. Chsing the 36th frm 100.
C. Chsing the 37th frm 100.D. Chsing the 38th frm 100.
14. What is the writing purpse f paragraph 4?
A. T ffer a reminder.B. T give an example.
C. T prve a cnclusin.D. T make an assumptin.
15. Hw des the 37 percent rule benefit us?
A. It bsts ur self-cnfidence.B. It enhances ur ability t analyze data.
C. It strengthens ur links with the sciety.D. It imprves ur decisin-making efficiency.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕数学家提出的“37%规则”在决策过程中的应用、局限及益处。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Yu pass the first handful and bserve their prices befre appraching ne with a seemingly gd deal. D yu stp, withut knwing hw sweet the bargains culd get up the rad? Or d yu cntinue explring and risk regret fr rejecting the bird in hand? (你路过第一批商品，观察它们的价格，然后接近一个看似很划算的商品。你会在不知道前面可能会有更划算的交易的情况下停下来吗？还是你会继续探索，冒着因拒绝the bird in hand而后悔的风险呢？)”可知，这里指的就是已经路过且看起来价格还可以的那些加油站。由此可知，划线词组the bird in hand指的是之前遇到的相对较便宜的加油站。故填C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Spend the first 37 percent f yur decisin-making prcess gathering infrmatin and cmmitting t nthing. After that, chse the next ptin that cmes alng that’s better than everything yu’ve seen befre. (将决策过程的前37%用于收集信息，什么都不做。之后，选择下一个出现的选项，它比你以前见过的一切都要好)”可知，如果总共有100个选项，37%就是37个，也就是先观察前37个选项不做选择，接下来遇到比前面37个都好的那个选项就是要选的，那就是第38个。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“What if an abslutely brilliant candidate just happens t be the first ne yu cme acrss? Fllwing this rule might end up cmplaining and wndering, “What if?” It is true that matters f the heart aren’t lgical, and this rule nly maximizes prbabilities. It desn’t guarantee success. S if lightning strikes r the angels sing and yu’ re abslutely sure yu’ve fund the perfect match fr yu, dn’t let inflexible rules stand in the way. (如果一个绝对聪明的候选人恰好是你遇到的第一个人怎么办？遵循这条规则可能最终会抱怨和想知道，“如果呢？”诚然，心事不合逻辑，这条规则只会使概率最大化。它并不能保证成功。因此，如果雷击或天使歌唱，并且你绝对确定自己已经找到了最适合你的人选，请不要让僵化的规则成为阻碍)”可知，37%规则虽然有用，但不是绝对的，所以读者在特殊情况下要根据实际情况灵活判断，不要盲目遵循规则。由此推知，第四段的目的是提供一个提醒。故选A项。
15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Spending rughly the first third f yur decisin-making prcess gathering infrmatin can help yu resist fear f missing ut. Knwing that yu shuld secure the first candidate wh beats the ptins yu previusly explred can help yu gather the curage t make decisins. (在决策过程的前三分之一左右时间收集信息可以帮助你抵制对错过的恐惧。知道你应该确保第一个击败你之前探索过的选项的候选人可以帮助你鼓起勇气做出决定)”可知，按照37%规则，花决策过程的前一部分时间收集信息能帮助我们抵抗错失良机的恐惧，知道何时根据规则做选择能帮助我们鼓起勇气做决策，总体上这些都有助于我们更有效地做出决策。由此推知，37%规则提高了我们的决策效率。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Green rfs have been arund fr thusands f years lng befre mdern husing was develped. Frm the simple grass-cvered rfs abve caves t the famus Hanging Gardens f Babyln, they remained an imprtant part f architecture. ____16____ They bring enrmus envirnmental benefits and ffer slutins t sme pressing eclgical challenges f ur time.
In the design f a green rf, there are key factrs that cunt. The first step is t install (安装) a prtective layer ver the rf t prevent water damage. ____17____ It’s essential t chse high-quality materials, as nce the green rf is cmpleted and the building is in use, replacing the prtective layer becmes difficult and expensive.
Next, a drainage (排水) layer, which is ften made f pebbles r a special mat, is placed n tp. It helps water flw ff the rf instead f pling n it. Then, a grwing medium, like sil r ther similar materials, is spread ver the drainage layer. ____18____
Nw it’s time t chse plants fr the rf. Sme plants have shallw rt systems and dn’t need much water. ____19____ Sedum and chives are gd examples f such plants. They are nt nly water-efficient but tugh and lng-lasting.
____20____ It’s imprtant t think abut yur budget. On average, it csts $25 t $30 per square ft t install a green rf. This desn’t include the cst f installing r repairing the nrmal rf underneath. And there is labur cst t cver. If a traditinal rf csts $30 per square ft, installing a green rf culd easily duble that expense.
A. This is where the plants will grw.
B. Hwever, green rfs cme at a high cst.
C. Tday, green rfs are gaining mre attentin.
D. These features make them ideal fr green rfs.
E. As a result, they led t the ppularity f green rfs.
F. Green rf materials can range frm grass t slar panels.
G. The layer als stps plant rts grwing int the rf structure.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了绿色屋顶给现代生活带来的好处及它的建造过程。
【16题详解】
根据下文“They bring enrmus envirnmental benefits and ffer slutins t sme pressing eclgical challenges f ur time. (它们带来了巨大的环境效益，并为我们这个时代一些紧迫的生态挑战提供了解决方案。)”可知，绿色屋顶给现代生活带来的好处，C项“如今，绿色屋顶越来越受到人们的关注。”能够引起下文，介绍人们关注绿色屋顶的原因，因为它们来了巨大的环境效益。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The first step is t install (安装) a prtective layer ver the rf t prevent water damage. (第一步是在屋顶上安装保护层，以防止水损坏。)”可知，上文告诉我们绿色屋顶的第一步是在屋顶上安装保护层，以防止水损坏，G项“该层还可以阻止植物根系生长到屋顶结构中。”能够承接上文，介绍了安装保护层的另一个原因，可以阻止植物根系生长到屋顶结构中。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Then, a grwing medium, like sil r ther similar materials, is spread ver the drainage layer. (然后，将土壤或其他类似材料等生长介质铺在排水层上。)”可知，上文告诉我们要在排水层上铺生长介质，A项“这是植物生长的地方。”能够承接上文，土壤或其他类似材料等生长介质是植物生长的地方。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Nw it’s time t chse plants fr the rf. Sme plants have shallw rt systems and dn’t need much water. (现在是时候为屋顶选择植物了。有些植物根系较浅，不需要太多的水。)”可知，上文告诉我们为屋顶选择植物时，可以选择根系较浅，不需要太多的水的植物，D项“这些特性使其成为绿色屋顶的理想选择。”能够承接上文，说明根系较浅，不需要太多的水的植物是绿色屋顶的理想选择。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据下文“t’s imprtant t think abut yur budget. On average, it csts $25 t $30 per square ft t install a green rf. (考虑一下你的预算很重要。平均而言，安装绿色屋顶的成本为每平方英尺25至30美元。)”可知，安装绿色屋顶价格不菲，B项“然而，绿色屋顶的成本很高。”能够引起下文，下文具体介绍了绿色屋顶的高成本。故选B。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On the night f the speech cntest, I was wrried abut the shy girl. My heart ____21____ when I knew the by n stage previus t her, ____22____, was fairly successful with his humr and persnal style. The whle audience burst ut a wave f ____23____ almst every 30 secnds.
My palms (手掌) began t ____24____. It was the first time that she had been n the stage, s I culdn’t blame her fr any ____25____. The strng sptlight made her s insignificant that nbdy ____26____ she had been n the stage.
But the mment that ____27____ me ccurred. I clearly heard a ____28____ vice, “Nw, yur ____29____, please!” The whle audience fell quiet. Small and thin as the girl appeared, the _____30_____ lk n her face instantly caught everyne’s eyes. Then her speech was n, lgical and well-rganized. Wrds f pwer _____31_____ freely ut f the girl like magic. When her speech _____32_____, a thunderus applause sunded frm the audience. When the cmpetitin was cncluding, all f us waited _____33_____ fr the winner’s name t be called. Tears f jy _____34_____ my visin when the hst annunced she wn first prize. Hlding the medal tightly, she gave me a brilliant smile. I _____35_____ her int my arms, t excited t say any wrds.
21. A. beatB. sankC. lstD. brke
22. A. sure enughB. wrse stillC. abve allD. in additin
23. A. cryingB. warningC. clappingD. screaming
24. A. sweatB. trembleC. changeD. turn
25. A. tryB. pseC. guessD. slip
26. A. thughtB. admittedC. ignredD. nticed
27. A. cnfusedB. interestedC. surprisedD. challenged
28. A. ludB. weakC. tightD. lw
29. A. supprtB. attentinC. vteD. silence
30. A. determinedB. puzzledC. relaxedD. bred
31. A. crwdedB. hurriedC. buncedD. flwed
32. A. startedB. endedC. prgressedD. rested
33. A. sincerelyB. easilyC. wildlyD. eagerly
34. A. mistedB. hidC. preventedD. shaded
35. A. pushedB. threwC. pulledD. lifted
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述害羞的小女孩第一次上台演讲比赛，作者非常担心，结果令他非常震惊，小女孩非常坚定并表演成功，获得胜利，让作者感到非常激动。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我知道在她之前台上的那个男孩凭借他的幽默和个人风格相当成功时，我的心沉了下去。A. beat击打；B. sank下沉；C. lst丢失；D. brke破碎。根据上文“On the night f the speech cntest, I was wrried abut the shy girl.”可知作者更担心了，所以心沉了下去，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：同上。A. sure enugh果然；B. wrse still更糟；C. abve all更重要的是；D. in additin此外。根据“was fairly successful with his humr and persnal style”可知小男孩的演讲的确优秀，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：全场几乎每隔30秒就爆发出一阵掌声。A. crying哭泣；B. warning警告；C. clapping鼓掌；D. screaming尖叫。根据上文“when I knew the by n stage previus t her, ____2____, was fairly successful with his humr and persnal style.”可知小男孩演讲很精彩，观众总给他鼓掌，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的手掌开始出汗。A. sweat出汗；B. tremble颤抖；C. change改变；D. turn转向。根据下文“It was the first time that she had been n the stage”可知小女孩第一次上台作者很担心，所以手掌开始出汗，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是她第一次登台，所以我不能因为任何差错责怪她。A. try尝试；B. pse姿势；C. guess猜测；D. slip差错。根据上文“It was the first time that she had been n the stage”可知这是她的第一次登台，所以作者不能因为任何差错责怪她，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：强烈的聚光灯使她显得无足轻重，没有人注意到她已经站在舞台上。A. thught想；B. admitted承认；C. ignred忽视；D. nticed注意。根据上文“The strng sptlight made her s insignificant”聚光灯太亮，把小女孩显得无足轻重，所以没人注意到她，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但令我惊讶的一幕发生了。A. cnfused使困惑；B. interested使感兴趣；C. surprised使惊讶；D. challenged使受到挑战。根据下文“ Then her speech was n, lgical and well-rganized.”可知小女孩演讲很成功，所以让我感到惊讶，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我清楚地听到一个响亮的声音:“现在，请注意!”A. lud大声的；B. weak软弱的；C. tight紧的；D. lw低的。根据上文“I clearly heard”可知是声音很大，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. supprt支持；B. attentin注意；C. vte投票；D. silence沉默。根据下文“The whle audience fell quiet”可知这里应该是主持人让大家注意听，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个女孩看起来又小又瘦，但她脸上坚定的表情立刻吸引了所有人的目光。A. determined意志坚定的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. relaxed放松的；D. bred烦恼的。根据上文“Small and thin as the girl appeared”可知是让步状语从句，所以小女孩虽然看起来又小又瘦，但脸上的表情是坚定的，故选A。
31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：充满力量的话语像魔法一样从女孩嘴里自由地流出。A. crwded拥挤；B. hurried匆忙地走；C. bunced弹起；D. flwed留出。根据上文“freely ut f the girl like magic”可知应是自由地流出，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她的演讲结束时，听众中响起了雷鸣般的掌声。A. started开始；B. ended结束；C. prgressed进步；D. rested休息。根据“a thunderus applause sunded frm the audience”和常识可知是小女孩演讲结束时，听众中响起了雷鸣般的掌声，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当比赛结束时，我们都急切地等待着宣布获胜者的名字。A. sincerely真诚地；B. easily容易地；C. wildly野蛮地；D. eagerly渴望地。根据下文“fr the winner’s name t be called.”可知比赛结束时，大家都急切地等着获胜者的名字，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当主持人宣布她获得一等奖时，喜悦的泪水模糊了我的视线。A. misted使……蒙上水汽；B. hid隐藏；C. prevented阻止；D. shaded遮蔽。根据上文“Tears f jy”可知使泪水模糊了作者的视线，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把她搂在怀里，激动得说不出话来。A. pushed推；B. threw扔；C. pulled拉；D. lifted举起。根据下文“her int my arms”可知是作者把小女孩拉进怀里，故选C。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Therapy dgs are dgs that are trained t give cmfrt t peple in unfrtunate situatins. The stry f the first therapy dg is very interesting. During Wrld War Ⅱ, a sldier named William Wynne fund an ____36____ (abandn) dg n the battlefield (战场). He became ____37____ (friend) with the dg and named it Smky. When William became very ill and entered a hspital, his friends frequently brught Smky t visit him, ____38____ made it becme s ppular with the ther sick sldiers in the hspital that it was allwed t stay. The dctrs in the hspital used Smky t help cheer p the patients. After the war ended, Smky cntinued t wrk ____39____ a therapy dg in the United States.
In the 1970s, Elaine Smith, ____40____ American nurse, started a prgram t train therapy dgs. Smith nticed patients in hspitals seemed t recver (康复) much ____41____ (fast) when dgs had been arund. ____42____ amazed dctrs and nurses was that having animals visit hspitals helped lwer stress and bld pressure amng patients. In the 1980s and 1990s, ther animals als started t help the sick.
Tday, therapy pets ____43____ (use) t help many different peple with prblems. Fr example, they help children with reading difficulties by ____44____ (prvide) an audience that wn’t belittle (轻视) them. Sme therapy pets can wrk alng with the patient and the dctr in an effrt ____45____ (help) peple learn t walk again after a serius injury.
【答案】36. abandned
37. friends
38. which 39. as
40. an 41. faster
42. What 43. are used
44. prviding
45. t help
【解析】
【分析】本篇是一篇说明文。说明一种狗，治疗犬，可以接受训练，辅助治疗患者。
【36题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：二战期间，一名叫威廉•魏恩的士兵在战场上发现了一只遗弃的狗。abandn修饰名词作定语， 与dg构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填abandned。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：他成为了狗的朋友，并把它命名为Smky。friend为可数名词，应加s变为复数形式。故填friends。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当威廉病得很严重，进了医院时，他的朋友们经常带Smky去拜访他，这使得Smky在医院里受到其他生病士兵的如此欢迎，以至于被允许入住。分析句子可知空后为非限制性定语从句，指代前面的句子，故填which。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：战争结束后，Smky继续在美国作为治疗犬工作。作为某种身份时，用介词as，故填as。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：20世纪70年代，美国护士Elaine Smith开始了训练治疗犬的计划。这里nurse是单数，非特指，并且修饰词American为元音音素开始，故填an。
【41题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：史密斯注意到，当狗在附近时，医院的病人似乎恢复得更快。根据句意，这里是恢复更快，应用比较级，fast的比较级faster，故填faster。
【42题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：令医生和护士惊讶的是，让动物去医院帮助降低了患者的压力和血压。分析句子可知主语是句子，即主语从句，从句中缺少主语，并指代内容，故填what。
【43题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：如今，治疗宠物被用来帮助许多不同的人解决问题。时间状语tday，故时态用一般现在时，主语therapy pets和谓语use是被动关系，故填are used。
【44题详解】
考查动名词。句意：例如，他们通过提供不会轻视他们的观众，帮助儿童解决阅读困难。by为介词后面应加动名词，故填prviding。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：例如，一些治疗犬可以与患者和医生一起工作，以帮助患者在严重受伤后再次学会走路。t help在这里做目的状语，故填t help。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你班英语课开展“手工制作丰富生活(Handicrafting Enriches Life)”为主题的项目学习活动。请你写一篇发言稿，代表小组介绍你们的作品，内容包括：
1. 作品描述；
2. 创作缘由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear classmates,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文1
Dear classmates,
I’m hnred t share ur handicraft wrk with yu. It’s a delicate paper-cut artwrk in the shape f a Chinese zdiac rabbit. We cut ut the rabbit’s vivid utline and added intricate patterns like flwers and lucky knts.
We chse t make it because the rabbit symblizes gd luck and vitality in Chinese culture. Als, paper-cutting is a traditinal art frm that we hpe t prmte. Thrugh this wrk, we nt nly had fun but als deepened ur understanding f ur cultural heritage. That’s all. Thank yu!
范文2
Dear classmates,
I’m delighted t stand here and share ur handicraft wrk with yu n behalf f ur grup. Our creatin is a set f delicate paper-cut lanterns. Each lantern is meticulusly crafted with vivid patterns, such as traditinal Chinese flwers and auspicius animals, which are cut ut with great precisin.
We made these lanterns mainly because we wanted t preserve and prmte traditinal Chinese culture. Paper-cutting is a time-hnred flk art in China, and lanterns symblize jy and gd frtune in ur cultural traditins. By making paper-cut lanterns, we nt nly gt a chance t practice traditinal handicrafts but als aimed t spread the beauty f Chinese culture amng ur classmates.
That’s all fr my intrductin. Thank yu!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就你班英语课开展“手工制作丰富生活(Handicrafting Enriches Life)”为主题的项目学习活动写一篇发言稿，代表小组介绍你们的作品。内容包括：作品描述和创作缘由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→glad
生动的：vivid→lifelike
代表： symblize→standing fr
机会： chance→pprtunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m delighted t stand here and share ur handicraft wrk with yu n behalf f ur grup.
拓展句：I’m delighted that I can stand here and share ur handicraft wrk with yu n behalf f ur grup.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Each lantern is meticulusly crafted with vivid patterns, such as traditinal Chinese flwers and auspicius animals, which are cut ut with great precisin.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】By making paper-cut lanterns, we nt nly gt a chance t practice traditinal handicrafts but als aimed t spread the beauty f Chinese culture amng ur classmates.（运用了并列连词nt als）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Carter enjyed riding the schl bus hme. The ride hme gave him sme time t relax after a busy day f fifth grade. He usually sat alne and enjyed that t. With fur siblings (兄妹) he didn't get much time alne. Smetimes he sat with his yunger brther, Jacksn, but Jacksn was sick at hme tday.
The bus stpped and the tallest by in his class, Dexter, stepped ff fllwed by his yunger brther, Billy. As the bus pulled away, Carter lked back ver his shulder t watch the bys. Dexter was yelling and waving his hands at his little brther. Billy said smething Carter culd nt hear. Dexter yelled, gave his yunger brther a hard shve and kncked him t the grund. Billy was n the grund wiping at his eyes, but Dexter walked away.
Carter turned in his seat, feeling disgusted. He hated seeing little kids get picked n (欺负).The sight f Billy n the grund crying was burned int his memry. He tried t think f smething else.
He thught f the mdel car he was wrking n at hme, a 1967 Crvette. He started building it ver a week ag and just finished putting it tgether last night. Tnight, as sn as he finished his hmewrk, he culd start painting the car. That was his favrite part. He already had the perfect clr f blue picked ut.
He hurried ff the bus, ran thrugh his yard, and breezed thrugh the kitchen with a quick hell t his mm. She was making spaghetti, which smelled delicius. He ran up the stairs tw at a time and rushed int his rm.
“Surprise!” his brther Jacksn said, thrwing his arms int the air. "What are yu ding in my rm? I thught yu were sick!”
“I feel better!”
"What's n yur face? Are yu bleeding?"
"N! I'm nt bleeding." Jacksn wiped at his face, prbably just paint. Lk! Lk what I did!” He pinted at the desk in the cmer f Carter's rm.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1
Carter lked dwn at his desk in hrrr
Paragraph 2
Carter tk a deep breath and then unflded his fist.
【答案】Carter lked dwn at his desk in hrrr. What came int his sight was an ugly red car, which really annyed him. Eyes narrwed and fists clenched, Carter culd feel a blaze f flame fueling inside him. “What have yu dne t my car?” he yelled ludly. Frightened by the lud vice f his brther, Jacksn drped his head, murmured, “I just wanted t give yu a surprise!” It suddenly dawned n Carter that what he did just nw was just like Dexter’s actin n the bus.
Carter tk a deep breath and then unflded his fist. Letting ut a sigh f regret, he aplgized t his brther sincerely, “I'm srry fr ding that, but I had planned t paint it blue.” Hearing this, Jacksn beamed and embraced Carter tightly, paint it tgether! N sner had they painted the unique car than their Mum called them t have dinner. The breeze wafted their face with delicius smell f the spaghetti and warmed the brthers’ hearts. There was n denying that siblings shuld get n well by being mre tlerant f each ther.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了卡特在坐校车回家的途中，看到德克斯特欺负他的弟弟比利，这让卡特很反感。回家后，卡特急不可待的回到自己的房间，要给自己做的汽车模型喷漆。结果发现自己的弟弟把自己的汽车模型喷漆了，而且很难看。最后，卡特原谅了弟弟，并一起完成模型喷漆。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“卡特惊恐地低头看着自己的桌子。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现自己的汽车模型被弄糟了后的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“卡特深吸了一口气，然后展开拳头。”可知，第二段可描写作者原谅了弟弟，一起完成汽车喷漆的过程。
2.续写线索：发火——弟弟解释——回想到德克斯特的行为——原谅弟弟——一起完成汽车模型喷漆
3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）
行为类
①理解，明白：dawn n /understand
②.计划：plan t d/intend t d
③. 相处得很好：get n well with/get alng with
情绪类
①.大喊：yell/shut
②.害怕的：frightened/ scared
【点睛】[高分句型1]. What came int his sight was an ugly red car, which really annyed him.(由what引导的主语从句，which引导的非限定性定语从句)
[高分句型2]. N sner had they painted the unique car than their Mum called them t have dinner.(运用部分倒装句型)