北京市第十五中学2024-2025学年高一下学期3月考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份北京市第十五中学2024-2025学年高一下学期3月考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版），共25页。
第一部分：单项选择（共20小题。每小题1分，满分20分）
1 Is there a bar arund ________ I can have smething t eat?
A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where
2. The matter _____ yu were arguing abut last night has been settled.
A. thatB. what
C. whyD. fr which
3. The huse ________ was destryed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.
A. the rf f whichB. which rfC. its rfD. the rf
4. D yu knw the reasn ____ she has changed her mind?
A. whyB. whichC. fr thatD. f which
5. It’s ne f the mst interesting stries ________ I have ever read.
A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whse
6. I’ll talk abut a newly-pened market ________ yu may get all ________ yu need.
A. in which; whichB. where; thatC. where; whatD. which; that
7. The ld bank, _____ appearance is nt a pretty sight, is extremely beautiful n the inside.
A. whseB. where
C. whenD. which
8. The fence in ur garden, _______ my father built many years ag, has lasted fr a lng time.
A. thatB. whichC. whatD. where
9. The factry prduces half a millin pairs f shes every year, 80%_________are sld abrad.
A. f whichB. which fC. f themD. f that
10. We live in an age _____ mre infrmatin is available with greater ease than ever befre.
A. whyB. when
C. t whmD. n which
11. In English class, ur teacher ften creates an envirnment _______ we are given the pprtunity t slve the prblems urselves.
A. whereB. whichC. whD. that
12. Maria has written tw nvels, bth f ________ have been made int televisin series.
A. themB. thatC. whichD. whm
13. Sales directr is a psitin ________ cmmunicatin ability is just as imprtant as sales.
A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where
14 The bk tells stries f the earthquake thrugh the eyes f thse lives were affected
A. whseB. that
C. whD. which
15. The mment _________ I learned the results f the cmpetitin was ne f the happiest times in my life.
A. whichB. when
C. whereD. why
16 American wmen usually identify their best friend as smene they can talk frequently.
A. whB. asC. abut whichD. with whm
17. The exact year _________ Angela and her family spent tgether in China was 2008.
A. whenB. whereC. in whichD. which
18. He’s gt himself int a dangerus situatin he is likely t lse cntrl ver the plane.
A. whereB. whichC. whileD. why
19. The film brught the hurs back t me ________ I was taken gd care f in that far-away village.
A. whenB. untilC. thatD. where
20. The English play ________ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.
A. fr whichB. at whichC. in whichD. n which
第二部分：完形填空（共15小题。每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的题号涂黑。
As a female jckey (骑手), I had already achieved my dream f winning the Melburne Cup and a new wrld was just pening up t me befre I had a bad fall, and it was the wrst ____21____ I had ever had. I had t cmpletely rest fr six weeks befre I finally came back t training, which was by n means easy. With the ____22____ that I had t put int it, I was questining whether I wanted t d it again. Fr the first time in my life, I was actually thinking abut quitting. But then it ccurred t me that I didn’t have a lt lnger left ding what I lve; plus, I wasn’t ready t retire yet and I knew I’d ____23____ it in later years if I did quit. That thught ____24____ me t cme back and be that resilient (有韧性) girl nce again.
I think my resilience cmes frm my family, having ____25____ my mum when I was a baby and seeing my dad’s faith and ____26____ — it was never t hard fr him. That was life and he had t get n with it—there was n ther ____27____. He had 10 children and he was a single father. We had t wrk hard frm a yung age, s at the time, we felt we were a little hard ne by, but the lder I gt the mre I began t ____28____ the wrk ethic he taught us. My lder sister Tina was 15 when my mum passed away and she basically ____29____ that rle. I remember watching her and wndering _____30_____ she just gt things dne. It was simple. If it had t be dne, it had t be dne. When things get _____31_____, I think back t thse days and I’m sure that helps me.
Being a female jckey is never easy. Yu get s many peple putting yu dwn. Yu hear male jckeys and trainers say yu’re nt gd even when yu’ve _____32_____ yurselves s many times. I try t turn thse cmments int a psitive, a way f pushing me t be _____33_____ — train harder, try harder — t really prve them wrng. I’m a huge believer in the pwer f psitivity. It can turn yur life _____34_____. I’m als a big believer in perseverance. That’s the ____35____ between peple wh really succeed and peple wh dn’t.
21. A. injuryB. perfrmanceC. harmD. practice
22. A. passinB. effectC. trainingD. effrt
23. A. cntinueB. regretC. frgetD. enjy
24. A. taughtB. pushedC. persuadedD. expected
25. A. annyedB. leftC. lstD. trubled
26. A. hpeB. talentC. experienceD. strength
27. A. reasnB. chanceC. chiceD. lessn
28. A. rejectB. dubtC. appreciateD. imprve
29. A. picked utB. tk nC. gave upD. turned dwn
30. A. hwB. whenC. whyD. whether
31. A. rdinaryB. excitingC. tughD. pleasant
32. A. prvedB. believedC. changedD. helped
33. A. betterB. happierC. healthierD. wiser
34. A. nB. upC. verD. arund
35. A. cnnectinB. differenceC. cnflictD. agreement
第三部分：阅读理解 （共12小题；每小题3分，满分36分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
When I was a child, I was shcked at the idea that my sisters culd be my best friends. Nw, I wuldn’t have it any ther way. At the time, the idea f my tw sisters being my clsest friends seemed strange t me. We fught all the time ver tys, fd, attentin, what t watch n televisin — yu name it, we quarreled abut it at sme pint. Hw culd my sisters be my best friends? They weren’t the same age as I. We all had ur wn friends in schl.
My mther never let the three f us frget that sisters are lifelng friends. Her wish like mst parents’ was t give us smething that she never had. Grwing up as an nly child, she lnged fr siblings. When she gave birth t three daughters, the fulfillment f her dream had nly just begun. She had given each f us a gift and she wanted t make sure we did nt take that gift fr granted. She wuld frequently tell us hw lucky we were. But there were ther, mre subtle ways that she encuraged us t grw clser. She never shwed favritism t ne daughter ver the ther, as nt t cause jealusy r bitterness between sisters. She never shwed favritism t ne daughter, skating, shpping and swimming, s that we develped cmmn interests. And when we were teenagers, Mm always punished us equally, giving us yet anther bnding experience.
We didn’t always get alng beautifully and fught just like any ther siblings. But smewhere in between Mm’s lectures, the family vacatins and the shared memries, we realized that ur mther was right. Tday I share things with my sisters that I d with n ne else. My sister Cindy and I ran the New Yrk City Marathn tgether, side by side, even hlding hands when we crssed the finish line. When my sister Karen gt married, I was her maid f hnr. Cindy and I traveled thrugh Eurpe tgether and even shared an apartment fr tw years. The three f us trust each ther with ur greatest secrets.
It was twenty-three years ag that my mther first asked me wh my tw best friends were. Tday she desn’t have t. She already knws.
36. As a child, the authr was shcked at her mther’s idea because ________.
A. her sisters seemed strange t her
B. her sisters didn’t like t be her friends
C. nne f the girls had their wn friends
D. she and her sisters shared little in cmmn
37. The underlined wrd “siblings” in the passage prbably means ________.
A. sistersB. parentsC. daughtersD. friends
38. Hw did the authr’s mther encurage her three daughters t grw clser?
A. She punished her daughter differently.
B. She shwed equal lve t her daughters.
C. She encuraged her daughters t d sprts.
D. She ften tk her daughters t many places.
39. The best title f the passage culd be ________.
A. The Greatest GiftB. Mther’s Lve
C. Grwing ExperiencesD. Unfrgettable Memries
B
Yu have prbably heard f the Mzart effect. It’s the idea that if children r even babies listen t music written by Mzart (r ther classical music), they will becme mre intelligent. A quick Internet search reveals (显示) plenty f prducts t assist yu in the task. Whatever yur age is, there are CDs and bks t help yu taste the pwer f Mzart’s music, but when it cmes t scientific evidence that it can make yu cleverer, the picture is mre mixed.
The phrase “the Mzart effect” was made up in 1991, but it was a study published tw years later in the jurnal Nature that arused real media and public interest abut the idea that listening t classical music smehw imprves the brain. It is ne f thse ideas that sund reasnable. Mzart was undubtedly a genius himself; his music is cmplex and there is a hpe that if we listen t enugh f it, we’ll becme mre intelligent.
The idea caught n, with thusands f parents playing Mzart t their children, and in 1998 Zell Miller, the Gvernr f the State f Gergia in the US, even asked fr mney t be set aside in the state budget s that every newbrn baby culd be sent a CD f classical music. It was nt just babies and children wh were expsed t Mzart’s music n purpse, even an Italian farmer prudly explained that the cws were played Mzart three times a day t help them prduce better milk.
I’ll leave the debate (辩论) n the impact n milk yield (产量) t farmers, but what abut the evidence that listening t Mzart makes peple mre intelligent? Mre research was carried ut but an analysis f sixteen different studies cnfirmed that listening t music des lead t a temprary imprvement in the ability t handle shapes mentally, but the benefits are shrt-lived and it desn’t make us mre intelligent.
40. What can we learn frm Paragraph 1?
A. Mzart wrte many musical pieces fr children.
B. There is little scientific evidence fr the Mzart effect.
C. There are few prducts n the Internet abut Mzart’s music.
D. Listening t Mzart makes peple f different ages cleverer.
41. Which f the fllwing best explains the underlined wrds “caught n” in Paragraph 3?
A. Bring in.B. Get ppular.C. Get weak.D. Cme t an end.
42. What is the authr’s attitude twards the Mzart effect?
A. Favurable.B. Objective.C. Dubtful.D. Psitive.
43. What is the best title fr the text?
A. What Music Is Beneficial?B. What Is the Mzart Effect?
C. Listening t Mzart, Necessary?D. T Be r Nt t Be?
C
Superhuman artificial intelligence is already amng us. Well, srt f. When it cmes t playing games like chess and G, r slving difficult scientific challenges like predicting prtein structures, cmputers are well ahead f us. But we have ne superpwer they aren’t clse t mastering: mind reading.
Humans have a mysterius ability t reasn the gals, desires and beliefs f thers, a crucial skill that means we can anticipate ther peple’s actins and the cnsequences f ur wn. Reading minds cmes s easily t us, thugh, that we ften dn’t think t spell ut what we want. If AIs are t becme truly useful in everyday life—t cperate effectively with us r t understand that a child might run int the rad after a buncing ball—we have t give them this gift that evlutin has given us t read ther peple’s minds.
Psychlgists refer t the ability t infer anther’s mental state as thery f mind. In humans, this capacity starts t develp at a very yung age. Hw t reprduce the capability in machines is far frm clear, thugh. One f the main challenges is cntext. Fr instance, if smene asks whether yu are ging fr a run and yu reply “it’s raining”, they can quickly cnclude that the answer is n. But this requires huge amunts f backgrund knwledge abut running, weather and human preferences.
Mrever, whether humans r AI, the thery f mind is suppsed t emerge naturally frm ne’s wn learning prcess. Building prir knwledge int AI makes it reliant n ur imperfect understanding f thery f mind. In additin, AI may be capable f develping appraches we culd never imagine. There can be many frms f thery f mind that we dn’t knw abut simply because we live in a human bdy that has certain types f senses and a certain ability t think.
Yet we might still want AI t have a mre human-like frm f thery f mind. Humans can clearly explain their gals and desires t each ther using cmmn language and ideas. While letting AI frm the thery f mind in their learning prcess is likely t lead t develping mre pwerful AI, plainly building in shared ways t represent knwledge may be crucial fr humans t trust and cmmunicate with AI.
It is imprtant t remember, thugh, that the pursuit f machines with thery f mind is abut mre than just building mre useful rbts. It is als a stepping stne n the path twards a deeper gal fr AI and rbtics research: building truly self-aware machines. Whether we will ever get there remains t be seen. But alng the way thinking abut ther peple and ther agents, we are n the path t learning t think abut urselves.
44. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing cntexts can AI understand well?
A. When yu are asked t eat spicy fd fr dinner and yu reply “a sre thrat”.
B. When a teacher asks fr a by’s hmewrk and he answers “my dg ate it”.
C. When a mm tells her kid sme fd is gd fr health and the kid eats it.
D. When kids see their mm after hurting themselves and they cry luder.
45. The authr believes that .
A. humans’ thery f mind is far frm perfect
B. humans limit AI’s thery f mind t an extent
C. we shuld reject human-like frms f abilities fr AI
D. shared frms f thery f mind result in mre pwerful AI
46. As fr AIs, what des the authr value mst?
A. Reliability.B. Practicability.
C. Reasning capability.D. Cmmunicatin ability.
47. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. AI with Its Own Thery f Mind Is Expected
B. AI with Thery f Mind Will Reshape Our Future
C. AI’s Thery f Mind Is a Blessing r Suffering t Humans
D. Thery f Mind Bridges the Gap Between Humans and AI
第四部分：用方框中所给词或词组适当形式填空 （共7小题；每小题2分，满分14分）
用方框中所给词或词组的适当形式填空
48. The interesting pictures arused the children’s ________.
49. He ________ keeping the balance between study and playing ftball.
50. What ther sprts d yu like ________ ftball?
51. It wuld be unwise t ________ the situatin withut knwing all the facts.
52. She hpes t build bridges and ________ misunderstandings between different cultures.
53. The team has been training hard in ________ fr the big game.
54. It is true that during their ________ they ften faced difficulties and dangers f nature.
2025北京十五中高一3月月考
英 语
2025.3
第一部分：单项选择（共20小题。每小题1分，满分20分）
1. Is there a bar arund ________ I can have smething t eat?
A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这附近有可以吃点东西的酒吧吗？定语从句修饰先行词a bar，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，故选D。
2. The matter _____ yu were arguing abut last night has been settled.
A. thatB. what
C. whyD. fr which
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你们昨天晚上争论的问题，已经解决了。_____ yu were arguing abut last night是定语从句，修饰先行词matter，句中缺宾语，需用关系代词that/which，故选A。
3. The huse ________ was destryed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.
A. the rf f whichB. which rfC. its rfD. the rf
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在那场可怕的大火中屋顶被毁的那所房子已经修好了。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是huse，“房子的屋顶”表达为the rf f the huse，关系词在从句中作介词f的宾语，故用关系代词which，故选A。
4. D yu knw the reasn ____ she has changed her mind?
A. whyB. whichC. fr thatD. f which
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你知道她改变主意原因吗？本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是reasn，系词代替先行词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导。故选A。
5. It’s ne f the mst interesting stries ________ I have ever read.
A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whse
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我读过的最有趣的故事之一。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，先行词stries是物，且被最高级the mst interesting修饰，因此关系代词只用that，不用which，故选B。
6. I’ll talk abut a newly-pened market ________ yu may get all ________ yu need.
A in which; whichB. where; thatC. where; whatD. which; that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我要谈谈一个新开的市场，在那里你可以买到你所需要的一切。“yu may get all ________ yu need”是限制性定语从句，先行词是market，在从句中作地点状语，因此第一空用where引导定语从句；“yu need”是限制性定语从句，先行词all是不定代词，从句缺少宾语，因此第二空用that引导定语从句，故选B。
7. The ld bank, _____ appearance is nt a pretty sight, is extremely beautiful n the inside.
A. whseB. where
C. whenD. which
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：老银行的外表不是很漂亮，它的里面是非常漂亮的。此处The ld bank是句子主语，空格前面是逗号，所以这里不是并列句，也不是状语从句，它应该是一个定语从句，The ld bank是先行词，在后面的定语从句中做定语，故答案为A。
8. The fence in ur garden, _______ my father built many years ag, has lasted fr a lng time.
A. thatB. whichC. whatD. where
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们花园里的篱笆是我父亲许多年前建的，已经用了很长时间了。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，先行词The fence是物，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句，故选B。
9. The factry prduces half a millin pairs f shes every year, 80%_________are sld abrad.
A. f whichB. which fC. f themD. f that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个工厂每年生产五十万双鞋，其中80%的鞋都出口。由语境逻辑结合标点符号可知，定语从句不是先行词 half a millin pairs f shes (指物) 不可缺少的内容，而只是与其存在局部与整体的关系，因此应用数词(80%) + f which 结构引导非限制性定语从句。故选A项。
10. We live in an age _____ mre infrmatin is available with greater ease than ever befre.
A. whyB. when
C. t whmD. n which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们生活在一个比以往任何时候都更容易获得更多信息的时代。这里是定语从句，先行词是age指时间，从句中缺少时间状语，when引导定语从句符合题意。故选B。
11. In English class, ur teacher ften creates an envirnment _______ we are given the pprtunity t slve the prblems urselves.
A. whereB. whichC. whD. that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在英语课上，我们的老师经常创造一个环境，让我们有机会自己解决问题。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词envirnment是抽象地点，因此用关系副词where引导定语从句，故选A。
12. Maria has written tw nvels, bth f ________ have been made int televisin series.
A. themB. thatC. whichD. whm
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：玛丽亚写了两部小说，这两部小说都被拍成了电视剧。空格处是“介词+which/whm”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词nvels是小说，因此空格处用which，故选C。
13. Sales directr is a psitin ________ cmmunicatin ability is just as imprtant as sales.
A whichB. thatC. whenD. where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：销售总监是一个沟通能力和销售能力一样重要的职位。空处引导定语从句，先行词是psitin，在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。故选D项。
14. The bk tells stries f the earthquake thrugh the eyes f thse lives were affected
A. whseB. that
C. whD. which
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意为：这本书透过生活受到地震影响的人们的视角讲述地震的故事。本题的先行词是thse表示人，定语从句的主语是lives，与先行词构成所属关系，所以应使用关系代词whse引导。故选A项。
15. The mment _________ I learned the results f the cmpetitin was ne f the happiest times in my life.
A. whichB. when
C. whereD. why
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】考查限制性定语从句。
【详解】句意：我得知比赛结果的那一刻是我一生中最快乐的时刻之一。分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，先行词 mment在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故选B项。
【点睛】考查定语从句，要搞清楚句子成分，找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系，把主句与从句分别翻译出来，然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有wh, whm, whse, which, that等和关系副词 where, when ,why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词来连接从句；如果从句中缺少状语，就得用关系副词来连接从句。
16. American wmen usually identify their best friend as smene they can talk frequently.
A. whB. asC. abut whichD. with whm
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：美国女性通常认为她们最好的朋友是可以经常交谈的人。此处为介词+关系代词引导定语从句修饰先行词smene，根据短语talk with可知介词应用with，关系代词应用whm指代先行词smene在从句中作介词with的宾语。故选D。
17. The exact year _________ Angela and her family spent tgether in China was 2008.
A. whenB. whereC. in whichD. which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Angela和她的家人在中国一起度过的确切年份是2008年。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，先行词year是年，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句，故选D。
18. He’s gt himself int a dangerus situatin he is likely t lse cntrl ver the plane.
A. whereB. whichC. whileD. why
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他让自己陷入了危险的境地，在这种境地下，他很可能会失去对飞机的控制。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词situatin，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选A。
19. The film brught the hurs back t me ________ I was taken gd care f in that far-away village.
A. whenB. untilC. thatD. where
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这部电影使我回想起我在那个遥远的村庄受到周到照顾的那些时光。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词hurs是时间，因此空格处用关系副词when。故选A。
20. The English play ________ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.
A. fr whichB. at whichC. in whichD. n which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的学生在新年晚会上表演的英语剧非常成功。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词是play，此处指“在这个英语剧中表演”，应用介词in，关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语，应用关系代词which，故选C。
第二部分：完形填空（共15小题。每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的题号涂黑。
As a female jckey (骑手), I had already achieved my dream f winning the Melburne Cup and a new wrld was just pening up t me befre I had a bad fall, and it was the wrst ____21____ I had ever had. I had t cmpletely rest fr six weeks befre I finally came back t training, which was by n means easy. With the ____22____ that I had t put int it, I was questining whether I wanted t d it again. Fr the first time in my life, I was actually thinking abut quitting. But then it ccurred t me that I didn’t have a lt lnger left ding what I lve; plus, I wasn’t ready t retire yet and I knew I’d ____23____ it in later years if I did quit. That thught ____24____ me t cme back and be that resilient (有韧性的) girl nce again.
I think my resilience cmes frm my family, having ____25____ my mum when I was a baby and seeing my dad’s faith and ____26____ — it was never t hard fr him. That was life and he had t get n with it—there was n ther ____27____. He had 10 children and he was a single father. We had t wrk hard frm a yung age, s at the time, we felt we were a little hard ne by, but the lder I gt the mre I began t ____28____ the wrk ethic he taught us. My lder sister Tina was 15 when my mum passed away and she basically ____29____ that rle. I remember watching her and wndering _____30_____ she just gt things dne. It was simple. If it had t be dne, it had t be dne. When things get _____31_____, I think back t thse days and I’m sure that helps me.
Being a female jckey is never easy. Yu get s many peple putting yu dwn. Yu hear male jckeys and trainers say yu’re nt gd even when yu’ve _____32_____ yurselves s many times. I try t turn thse cmments int a psitive, a way f pushing me t be _____33_____ — train harder, try harder — t really prve them wrng. I’m a huge believer in the pwer f psitivity. It can turn yur life _____34_____. I’m als a big believer in perseverance. That’s the ____35____ between peple wh really succeed and peple wh dn’t.
21. A. injuryB. perfrmanceC. harmD. practice
22. A. passinB. effectC. trainingD. effrt
23. A. cntinueB. regretC. frgetD. enjy
24. A. taughtB. pushedC. persuadedD. expected
25. A. annyedB. leftC. lstD. trubled
26. A. hpeB. talentC. experienceD. strength
27. A. reasnB. chanceC. chiceD. lessn
28. A. rejectB. dubtC. appreciateD. imprve
29. A. picked utB. tk nC. gave upD. turned dwn
30. A. hwB. whenC. whyD. whether
31. A. rdinaryB. excitingC. tughD. pleasant
32. A. prvedB. believedC. changedD. helped
33. A. betterB. happierC. healthierD. wiser
34. A. nB. upC. verD. arund
35. A. cnnectinB. differenceC. cnflictD. agreement
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名女骑师，在经历严重摔伤后，面对是否继续职业生涯的挣扎与抉择，以及她如何在家人的影响和支持下，凭借坚韧不拔的精神和积极的心态，重新找回自我，坚持训练，努力证明自己的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名女骑师，我已经实现了赢得墨尔本杯的梦想，一个新的世界就在我面前展开，但我却重重地摔了一跤，这是我一生中最严重的一次受伤。A. injury伤；B. perfrmance表演；C. harm伤害；D. practice练习。根据上文“I had a bad fall”可知，作者摔了下来，受了伤。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我必须付出的努力，我开始怀疑自己是否还想再做一次。A. passin热情；B. effect影响；C. training训练；D. effrt努力。根据上文“I had t cmpletely rest fr six weeks befre I finally came back t training, which was by n means easy”可知，作者不得不付出很多努力，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但后来我突然意识到，我做自己喜欢的事情的时间不多了；另外，我还没准备好退休，我知道如果我退休了，我会后悔的。A. cntinue继续；B. regret后悔；C. frget忘记；D. enjy喜欢。根据上文“I wasn’t ready t retire yet”和下文“if I did quit”可知，作者没准备好退休，如果退休的话作者会后悔。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个想法促使我回来，再次成为那个坚强的女孩。A. taught教；B. pushed促使；C. persuaded说服；D. expected期待。根据下文“t cme back and be that resilient (有韧性的) girl nce again”可知，这个想法促使作者回来，成为那个坚强的女孩。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为我的韧性来自我的家庭，我小时候失去了妈妈，看到了爸爸的信念和力量——这对他来说从来都不是太难。A. annyed使生气；B. left离开；C. lst失去；D. trubled使忧虑，苦恼。根据下文“he was a single father”可知，作者是小时候失去了妈妈。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为我的韧性来自我的家庭，我小时候失去了妈妈，看到了爸爸的信念和力量——这对他来说从来都不是太难。A. hpe希望；B. talent才能；C. experience经验；D. strength力量。根据上文“seeing my dad’s faith and”可知，作者是看到了爸爸的信念和力量。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是生活，他必须过下去——没有别的选择。A. reasn原因；B. chance机会；C. chice选择；D. lessn课。根据上文“That was life and he had t get n with it”可知，这就是生活，必须往下过，没有别的选择。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须从小就努力工作，所以当时，我们觉得自己有点辛苦，但随着年龄的增长，我越开始欣赏他教给我们的职业道德。A. reject拒绝；B. dubt怀疑；C. appreciate欣赏；D. imprve提高。根据下文“the wrk ethic he taught us”可知，作者开始欣赏父亲教给作者的职业道德。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我妈妈去世时，我姐姐蒂娜15岁，她基本上承担了这个角色。A. picked ut挑选出；B. tk n承担；C. gave up放弃；D. turned dwn拒绝。根据上文“when my mum passed away”和下文“that rle”可知，作者的姐姐在妈妈去世后承担了那个角色。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我记得我看着她，想知道她是怎么把事情做完的。A. hw怎么；B. when什么时候；C. why为什么；D. whether是否。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，句子表示“想知道她是怎么把事情做完的”，空格处意为“怎么”，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当事情变得艰难时，我会回想起那些日子，我相信这对我有帮助。A. rdinary普通的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. tugh艰难的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。根据上文“we felt we were a little hard ne by”可知，作者的日子很艰难。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你听到男性骑师和教练说你不好，即使你已经多次证明了自己。A. prved证明；B. believed相信；C. changed改变；D. helped帮助。根据下文“prve them wrng”可知，此处表示多次证明自己。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我试着把这些评论变成积极的，一种推动我变得更好的方式——更努力地训练，更努力地尝试——来证明他们是错的。A. better更好的；B. happier更快乐的；C. healthier更健康的；D. wiser更明智的。根据下文“train harder, try harder”可知，作者通过训练让自己变得更好。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它可以改变你的生活。A. n在上面；B. up向上；C. ver向下；D. arund转弯，掉头。根据上文“pushing me t be better”可知，积极可以改变人的生活。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是真正成功和失败的人之间的区别。A. cnnectin联系；B. difference区别；C. cnflict矛盾；D. agreement同意。根据下文“between peple wh really succeed and peple wh dn’t”可知，此处指真正成功和失败的人之间的区别。故选B。
第三部分：阅读理解 （共12小题；每小题3分，满分36分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
When I was a child, I was shcked at the idea that my sisters culd be my best friends. Nw, I wuldn’t have it any ther way. At the time, the idea f my tw sisters being my clsest friends seemed strange t me. We fught all the time ver tys, fd, attentin, what t watch n televisin — yu name it, we quarreled abut it at sme pint. Hw culd my sisters be my best friends? They weren’t the same age as I. We all had ur wn friends in schl.
My mther never let the three f us frget that sisters are lifelng friends. Her wish like mst parents’ was t give us smething that she never had. Grwing up as an nly child, she lnged fr siblings. When she gave birth t three daughters, the fulfillment f her dream had nly just begun. She had given each f us a gift and she wanted t make sure we did nt take that gift fr granted. She wuld frequently tell us hw lucky we were. But there were ther, mre subtle ways that she encuraged us t grw clser. She never shwed favritism t ne daughter ver the ther, as nt t cause jealusy r bitterness between sisters. She never shwed favritism t ne daughter, skating, shpping and swimming, s that we develped cmmn interests. And when we were teenagers, Mm always punished us equally, giving us yet anther bnding experience.
We didn’t always get alng beautifully and fught just like any ther siblings. But smewhere in between Mm’s lectures, the family vacatins and the shared memries, we realized that ur mther was right. Tday I share things with my sisters that I d with n ne else. My sister Cindy and I ran the New Yrk City Marathn tgether, side by side, even hlding hands when we crssed the finish line. When my sister Karen gt married, I was her maid f hnr. Cindy and I traveled thrugh Eurpe tgether and even shared an apartment fr tw years. The three f us trust each ther with ur greatest secrets.
It was twenty-three years ag that my mther first asked me wh my tw best friends were. Tday she desn’t have t. She already knws.
36. As a child, the authr was shcked at her mther’s idea because ________.
A. her sisters seemed strange t her
B. her sisters didn’t like t be her friends
C. nne f the girls had their wn friends
D. she and her sisters shared little in cmmn
37. The underlined wrd “siblings” in the passage prbably means ________.
A. sistersB. parentsC. daughtersD. friends
38. Hw did the authr’s mther encurage her three daughters t grw clser?
A. She punished her daughter differently.
B She shwed equal lve t her daughters.
C. She encuraged her daughters t d sprts.
D. She ften tk her daughters t many places.
39. The best title f the passage culd be ________.
A. The Greatest GiftB. Mther’s Lve
C. Grwing ExperiencesD. Unfrgettable Memries
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. B 39. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者从童年时对姐妹成为最好朋友的想法感到震惊，到后来深刻体会到母亲所说的“姐妹是终身朋友”的含义，并与姐妹们建立了深厚情谊的过程。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“We fught all the time ver tys, fd, attentin, what t watch n televisin — yu name it, we quarreled abut it at sme pint. Hw culd my sisters be my best friends? They weren’t the same age as I.(我们总是为了玩具、食物、注意力、看什么电视而争吵——只要你能想到的，我们有时也会为此争吵。我的姐妹们怎么会是我最好的朋友？她们和我年龄不一样。)”可知，作为一个孩子，作者对母亲的想法感到震惊，因为她和她的姐妹们没有什么共同之处。故选D。
【37题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Grwing up as an nly child(作为独生女)”可知，作者的妈妈是独生女，因此渴望有兄弟姐妹，siblings意为“兄弟姐妹”，和sisters意思相近。故选A。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“She never shwed favritism t ne daughter ver the ther, as nt t cause jealusy r bitterness between sisters. She never shwed favritism t ne daughter, skating, shpping and swimming, s that we develped cmmn interests. And when we were teenagers, Mm always punished us equally, giving us yet anther bnding experience.(她从不偏袒任何一个女儿，以免引起姐妹之间的嫉妒和怨恨。她从不偏袒任何一个女儿，滑冰、购物和游泳，使我们有了共同的兴趣。当我们十几岁的时候，妈妈总是平等地惩罚我们，给了我们另一种亲密的体验。)”可知，作者的母亲通过对女儿们表现出同样的爱来鼓励她的三个女儿走得更近。故选B。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段“Tday I share things with my sisters that I d with n ne else. My sister Cindy and I ran the New Yrk City Marathn tgether, side by side, even hlding hands when we crssed the finish line. When my sister Karen gt married, I was her maid f hnr. Cindy and I traveled thrugh Eurpe tgether and even shared an apartment fr tw years. The three f us trust each ther with ur greatest secrets.(今天，我和我的姐妹们分享的事情是我不与任何人分享的。我和姐姐辛迪一起参加了纽约市马拉松比赛，我们肩并肩，甚至在冲过终点线时还手拉着手。我妹妹凯伦结婚的时候，我是她的伴娘。辛迪和我一起去欧洲旅行，甚至还合租了两年的公寓。我们三个互相信任，分享最大的秘密。)”可知，本文主要讲述了作者从童年时对姐妹成为最好朋友的想法感到震惊，到后来深刻体会到母亲所说的“姐妹是终身朋友”的含义，并与姐妹们建立了深厚情谊的过程，与姐妹的情谊也是作者这一生最好的礼物，因此最好的题目是A选项“The Greatest Gift(最伟大的礼物)”。故选A。
B
Yu have prbably heard f the Mzart effect. It’s the idea that if children r even babies listen t music written by Mzart (r ther classical music), they will becme mre intelligent. A quick Internet search reveals (显示) plenty f prducts t assist yu in the task. Whatever yur age is, there are CDs and bks t help yu taste the pwer f Mzart’s music, but when it cmes t scientific evidence that it can make yu cleverer, the picture is mre mixed.
The phrase “the Mzart effect” was made up in 1991, but it was a study published tw years later in the jurnal Nature that arused real media and public interest abut the idea that listening t classical music smehw imprves the brain. It is ne f thse ideas that sund reasnable. Mzart was undubtedly a genius himself; his music is cmplex and there is a hpe that if we listen t enugh f it, we’ll becme mre intelligent.
The idea caught n, with thusands f parents playing Mzart t their children, and in 1998 Zell Miller, the Gvernr f the State f Gergia in the US, even asked fr mney t be set aside in the state budget s that every newbrn baby culd be sent a CD f classical music. It was nt just babies and children wh were expsed t Mzart’s music n purpse, even an Italian farmer prudly explained that the cws were played Mzart three times a day t help them prduce better milk.
I’ll leave the debate (辩论) n the impact n milk yield (产量) t farmers, but what abut the evidence that listening t Mzart makes peple mre intelligent? Mre research was carried ut but an analysis f sixteen different studies cnfirmed that listening t music des lead t a temprary imprvement in the ability t handle shapes mentally, but the benefits are shrt-lived and it desn’t make us mre intelligent.
40. What can we learn frm Paragraph 1?
A. Mzart wrte many musical pieces fr children.
B. There is little scientific evidence fr the Mzart effect.
C. There are few prducts n the Internet abut Mzart’s music.
D. Listening t Mzart makes peple f different ages cleverer.
41. Which f the fllwing best explains the underlined wrds “caught n” in Paragraph 3?
A. Bring in.B. Get ppular.C. Get weak.D. Cme t an end.
42. What is the authr’s attitude twards the Mzart effect?
A. Favurable.B. Objective.C. Dubtful.D. Psitive.
43. What is the best title fr the text?
A. What Music Is Beneficial?B. What Is the Mzart Effect?
C. Listening t Mzart, Necessary?D. T Be r Nt t Be?
【答案】40. B 41. B 42. C 43. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍很多人相信听莫扎特的音乐会让人更聪明，但是研究表明这种影响这是短暂的，并不能让人们更加聪明。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。从第一段的句子“Whatever yur age is, there are CDs and bks t help yu taste the pwer f Mzart’s music, but when it cmes t scientific evidence that it can make yu cleverer, the picture is mre mixed. (无论你的年龄多大，都有CD和书籍帮助你感受莫扎特音乐的力量，但当涉及到它能让你更聪明的科学证据时，情况就复杂多了。)”可知，没有什么科学证据来支持莫扎特的影响。故选B。
【41题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中划线部分后面的“with thusands f parents playing Mzart t their children, and in 1998 Zell Miller, the Gvernr f the State f Gergia in the US, even asked fr mney t be set aside in the state budget s that every newbrn baby culd be sent a CD f classical music. (当时有成千上万的父母给自己的孩子播放莫扎特的音乐，1998年，美国佐治亚州州长泽尔·米勒甚至要求在州预算中拨出专款，以便给每个新生儿都赠送一张古典音乐光盘。)”可知，这个想法流行起来。由此推知，划线短语的意思是“变得流行”，和Get ppular意思相近。故选B。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mre research was carried ut but an analysis f sixteen different studies cnfirmed that listening t music des lead t a temprary imprvement in the ability t handle shapes mentally, but the benefits are shrt-lived and it desn’t make us mre intelligent. (尽管进行了更多的研究，但一项对16项不同研究的分析证实，听音乐确实能暂时提高大脑处理形状的能力，但这种好处是短暂的，也不会让我们变得更聪明。)”可知，作者对莫扎特效应的态度是怀疑的。故选C。
【43题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Yu have prbably heard f the Mzart effect. It’s the idea that if children r even babies listen t music written by Mzart (r ther classical music), they will becme mre intelligent. (你可能听说过莫扎特效应。这个观点认为，如果孩子甚至婴儿听莫扎特的音乐（或其他古典音乐），他们会变得更聪明。)”和最后一段“Mre research was carried ut but an analysis f sixteen different studies cnfirmed that listening t music des lead t a temprary imprvement in the ability t handle shapes mentally, but the benefits are shrt-lived and it desn’t make us mre intelligent. (尽管进行了更多的研究，但一项对16项不同研究的分析证实，听音乐确实能暂时提高大脑处理形状的能力，但这种好处是短暂的，也不会让我们变得更聪明。)”可知，文章介绍很多人相信听莫扎特的音乐会让人更聪明，但是研究表明这种影响这是短暂的，并不能让人们更加聪明，所以C选项“Listening t Mzart, necessary? (听莫扎特，有必要吗？)”是贴切的标题。故选C。
C
Superhuman artificial intelligence is already amng us. Well, srt f. When it cmes t playing games like chess and G, r slving difficult scientific challenges like predicting prtein structures, cmputers are well ahead f us. But we have ne superpwer they aren’t clse t mastering: mind reading.
Humans have a mysterius ability t reasn the gals, desires and beliefs f thers, a crucial skill that means we can anticipate ther peple’s actins and the cnsequences f ur wn. Reading minds cmes s easily t us, thugh, that we ften dn’t think t spell ut what we want. If AIs are t becme truly useful in everyday life—t cperate effectively with us r t understand that a child might run int the rad after a buncing ball—we have t give them this gift that evlutin has given us t read ther peple’s minds.
Psychlgists refer t the ability t infer anther’s mental state as thery f mind. In humans, this capacity starts t develp at a very yung age. Hw t reprduce the capability in machines is far frm clear, thugh. One f the main challenges is cntext. Fr instance, if smene asks whether yu are ging fr a run and yu reply “it’s raining”, they can quickly cnclude that the answer is n. But this requires huge amunts f backgrund knwledge abut running, weather and human preferences.
Mrever, whether humans r AI, the thery f mind is suppsed t emerge naturally frm ne’s wn learning prcess. Building prir knwledge int AI makes it reliant n ur imperfect understanding f thery f mind. In additin, AI may be capable f develping appraches we culd never imagine. There can be many frms f thery f mind that we dn’t knw abut simply because we live in a human bdy that has certain types f senses and a certain ability t think.
Yet we might still want AI t have a mre human-like frm f thery f mind. Humans can clearly explain their gals and desires t each ther using cmmn language and ideas. While letting AI frm the thery f mind in their learning prcess is likely t lead t develping mre pwerful AI, plainly building in shared ways t represent knwledge may be crucial fr humans t trust and cmmunicate with AI.
It is imprtant t remember, thugh, that the pursuit f machines with thery f mind is abut mre than just building mre useful rbts. It is als a stepping stne n the path twards a deeper gal fr AI and rbtics research: building truly self-aware machines. Whether we will ever get there remains t be seen. But alng the way thinking abut ther peple and ther agents, we are n the path t learning t think abut urselves.
44. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing cntexts can AI understand well?
A. When yu are asked t eat spicy fd fr dinner and yu reply “a sre thrat”.
B. When a teacher asks fr a by’s hmewrk and he answers “my dg ate it”.
C. When a mm tells her kid sme fd is gd fr health and the kid eats it.
D. When kids see their mm after hurting themselves and they cry luder.
45. The authr believes that .
A. humans’ thery f mind is far frm perfect
B. humans limit AI’s thery f mind t an extent
C. we shuld reject human-like frms f abilities fr AI
D. shared frms f thery f mind result in mre pwerful AI
46. As fr AIs, what des the authr value mst?
A. Reliability.B. Practicability.
C. Reasning capability.D. Cmmunicatin ability.
47. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. AI with Its Own Thery f Mind Is Expected
B AI with Thery f Mind Will Reshape Our Future
C. AI’s Thery f Mind Is a Blessing r Suffering t Humans
D. Thery f Mind Bridges the Gap Between Humans and AI
【答案】44. C 45. B 46. C 47. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。当涉及到下棋和围棋等游戏，或解决预测蛋白质结构等棘手的科学挑战时，计算机远远领先于我们。但我们有一个他们还没有掌握的超能力：读心术。作者希望人工智能也能具备这种思维能力，实现人类与人工智能的交流。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“But we have ne superpwer they aren’t clse t mastering: mind reading. (但我们有一个他们还没有掌握的超能力：读心术)”和第二段“Humans have a mysterius ability t reasn the gals, desires and beliefs f thers, a crucial skill that means we can anticipate ther peple’s actins and the cnsequences f ur wn. (人类有一种神秘的能力来推理他人的目标、欲望和信仰，这是一项至关重要的技能，意味着我们可以预测他人的行为和自己的后果) ”和第三段的“Fr instance, if smene asks whether yu are ging fr a run and yu reply “it’s raining”, they can quickly cnclude that the answer is n.(例如，如果有人问你是否要跑步，而你回答“正在下雨”，他们很快就会得出结论，答案是否定的)”可知，读心需要经过一定的推理，而计算机不具备人类所拥有的读心的能力。A项“When yu are asked t eat spicy fd fr dinner and yu reply “a sre thrat”. (你被要求晚餐吃辣的食物时，你回答说“喉咙痛”)”、B项“When a teacher asks fr a by’s hmewrk and he answers “my dg ate it”. (当老师问一个男孩的家庭作业时，他回答说“我的狗吃了”)”和D项“When kids see their mm after hurting themselves and they cry luder. (当孩子们在伤害自己后看到他们的妈妈时，他们哭得更大声)”都需要运用到思维理论去解释人们的目标和欲望。C项“When a mm tells her kid sme fd is gd fr health and the kid eats it. (当妈妈告诉她的孩子一些食物对健康有益时，孩子就会吃)”是直接的陈述，不需要运用思维理论。故选C。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In humans, this capacity starts t develp at a very yung age. Hw t reprduce the capability in machines is far frm clear, thugh. One f the main challenges is cntext. Fr instance, if smene asks whether yu are ging fr a run and yu reply “it’s raining”, they can quickly cnclude that the answer is n. But this requires huge amunts f backgrund knwledge abut running, weather and human preferences. (心理学家将推断他人精神状态的能力称为心理理论。在人类中，这种能力在很小的时候就开始发展。然而，如何在机器中复制这种能力还远不清楚。主要挑战之一是语境问题。例如，如果有人问你是否要跑步，而你回答“正在下雨”，他们很快就会得出结论，答案是否定的。但这需要大量关于跑步、天气和人类偏好的背景知识)”可知，人类在一定程度上限制了人工智能的思维理论。故选B。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Yet we might still want AI t have a mre human-like frm f thery f mind. Humans can clearly explain their gals and desires t each ther using cmmn language and ideas. While letting AI frm the thery f mind in their learning prcess is likely t lead t develping mre pwerful AI, plainly building in shared ways t represent knwledge may be crucial fr humans t trust and cmmunicate with AI. (然而，我们可能仍然希望人工智能拥有一种更像人类的思维理论。人类可以用共同的语言和想法向彼此清楚地解释他们的目标和欲望。虽然让人工智能在学习过程中形成思维理论可能会导致开发出更强大的人工智能，但以共享的方式表达知识可能对人类信任人工智能和与人工智能交流至关重要)”可知，关于人工智能，作者最看重的是它的推理能力，这样才能实现人类人工智能的交流。故选C。
【47题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合最后一段的“It is imprtant t remember, thugh, that the pursuit f machines with thery f mind is abut mre than just building mre useful rbts. It is als a stepping stne n the path twards a deeper gal fr AI and rbtics research: building truly self-aware machines. (然而，重要的是要记住，追求具有思维理论的机器不仅仅是为了制造更有用的机器人。这也是迈向人工智能和机器人研究更深层目标的垫脚石：建造真正有自我意识的机器)”可知，作者期待建造真正有自我意识的机器，即作者期待人工智能具备思维理论。故A项“AI with Its Own Thery f Mind Is Expected(期待人工智有拥有自己的心智理论)”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。
第四部分：用方框中所给词或词组的适当形式填空 （共7小题；每小题2分，满分14分）
用方框中所给词或词组的适当形式填空
48. The interesting pictures arused the children’s ________.
49. He ________ keeping the balance between study and playing ftball.
50. What ther sprts d yu like ________ ftball?
51. It wuld be unwise t ________ the situatin withut knwing all the facts.
52. She hpes t build bridges and ________ misunderstandings between different cultures.
53. The team has been training hard in ________ fr the big game.
54. It is true that during their ________ they ften faced difficulties and dangers f nature.
【答案】48. curisity
49. has difficulty
50. apart frm
51. cmment n
52. break dwn
53. preparatin
54. explratin
【解析】
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些有趣的图片引起了孩子们的好奇心。由“The interesting pictures”可知，句子表示“这些有趣的图片引起了孩子们的好奇心”，空格处意为“好奇心”，是curisity，是不可数名词，故填curisity。
【49题详解】
考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：他很难在学习和踢足球之间保持平衡。由“keeping the balance between study and playing ftball”可知，句子表示“他很难在学习和踢足球之间保持平衡”，空格处意为“很难做某事”，是have difficulty (ding)，空后有keeping，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语he是单数，因此空格处是has difficulty。故填has difficulty。
【50题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：除了足球，你还喜欢什么运动？由“What ther sprts”和“ftball”可知，句子表示“除了足球，你还喜欢什么运动”，空格处意为“除了”，是apart frm，故填apart frm。
【51题详解】
考查固定短语和不定式。句意：在不了解全部事实的情况下对局势发表评论是不明智的。由“the situatin withut knwing all the facts”可知，句子表示“在不了解全部事实的情况下对局势发表评论是不明智的”，空格处意为“发表评论”，是cmment n，It wuld be unwise t d sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是不明智的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处是cmment n，故填cmment n。
【52题详解】
考查固定短语和不定式。句意：她希望在不同文化之间架起桥梁，打破误解。由“misunderstandings between different cultures”可知，句子表示“她希望在不同文化之间架起桥梁，打破误解”，空格处意为“打破”，是break dwn，和build并列，位于不定式符号t后，因此break用原形，故填break dwn。
【53题详解】
考查名词。句意：该队一直在刻苦训练，为这场大赛做准备。由“fr the big game”可知，句子表示“该队一直在刻苦训练，为这场大赛做准备”，空格处意为“准备”，用名词作宾语，是preparatin，是不可数名词，故填preparatin。
【54题详解】
考查名词。句意：的确，在探险过程中，他们经常面临大自然的困难和危险。由“they ften faced difficulties and dangers f nature”可知，句子表示“在探险过程中，他们经常面临大自然的困难和危险”，空格处意为“探险”，their后跟名词，是explratin，是不可数名词，故填explratin。
break dwn, prepare, apart frm, have difficulty (ding), curius, cmment n, explre
break dwn, prepare, apart frm, have difficulty (ding), curius, cmment n, explre