江苏省常州市2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题（解析版）

这是一份江苏省常州市2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题（解析版），共29页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
A
The Galapags Islands are a Wrld Heritage Site due t its status as a “living museum” with a huge amunt f life. S visitrs have a highly imprtant rle t play when it cmes t keeping this unique “current f life” flwing.
·Flash phtgraphy is nt allwed
The sun-kissed shres will prvide yu with the natural light yu need t take the best vacatin phts. Besides, flash phtgraphy might cause wildlife t leave its nest.
·Explre with an authrized guide
They will be respnsible fr yur safety as well as the cnservatin f every fragile site yu visit.
·Keep a distance f at least 6 feet frm the wildlife
This is the nly way t guarantee bth yur safety and the animals’ wellbeing. The relatinship between the wildlife and visitrs will mst likely make yu smile.
·Thrw all rubbish in the designated cntainers
Thrwing in the wrng cntainer r just arund n the grund is ut f the questin. It brings disturbing cnsequences fr the lcal ecsystem.
·D nt purchase suvenirs made frm plants and animals
In ecnmy, there’s the law f supply and demand. If there’s n demand, the prductin f any prduct stps happening, and that’s exactly what authrities are trying t d with suvenirs made ut f banned plants and animals in Galapags!
·Mtrized water entertaining vehicles are nt allwed
As a result f just hw beautiful and delicate the underwater envirnment is, these types f vehicles may scare the animals away r, even wrse, harm them.
1. What are visitrs encuraged t d in the Galapags Islands?
A. Use flash fr phtgraphy if necessary.B. Ride water vehicles with guides.
C. Thrw rubbish in the nearest cntainers.D. Respect wildlife’s persnal space.
2. Why are visitrs advised nt t buy suvenirs made frm plants and animals?
A. It encurages illegal prductin.B. The suvenirs are f lw quality.
C. The suvenirs may carry diseases.D. It leaves suvenirs in shrt supply.
3. Where can yu prbably find the text?
A. In an fficial reprt.B. In a ppular magazine.
C. In a turist guidebk.D. In a travel advertisement.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章以游客为对象，明确列出参观加拉帕戈斯群岛时的行为规范（如禁止闪光灯、保持距离等）。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据·Keep a distance f at least 6 feet frm the wildlife(与野生动物保持至少6英尺的距离)部分“This is the nly way t guarantee bth yur safety and the animals’ wellbeing. The relatinship between the wildlife and visitrs will mst likely make yu smile.(这是保证你的安全和动物健康的唯一方法。野生动物和游客之间的关系很可能会让你微笑)”可知，加拉帕戈斯群岛鼓励游客尊重野生动物的私人空间。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In ecnmy, there’s the law f supply and demand. If there’s n demand, the prductin f any prduct stps happening, and that’s exactly what authrities are trying t d with suvenirs made ut f banned plants and animals in Galapags!(在经济中，有供需规律。如果没有需求，任何产品的生产都将停止，而这正是当局试图用加拉帕戈斯群岛被禁动植物制成的纪念品所做的事情！)”可知，游客不应购买动植物制成的纪念品是因为它会鼓励非法生产。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The Galapags Islands are a Wrld Heritage Site due t its status as a “living museum” with a huge amunt f life. S visitrs have a highly imprtant rle t play when it cmes t keeping this unique “current f life” flwing.(加拉帕戈斯群岛是世界遗产，因为它是一个拥有大量生命的“活博物馆”。因此，在保持这种独特的“生活之流”流动方面，游客扮演着非常重要的角色)”以及文章内容可知，本文以游客为对象，明确列出参观加拉帕戈斯群岛时的行为规范（如禁止闪光灯、保持距离等）。从而推知，文章选自在旅游指南。故选C。
B
Hlding a clth snake, 7-year-ld Chen Kaiming, made a remarkable appearance as the lead dancer during the pening perfrmance f the 2025 Spring Festival Gala. His perfrmance brught the Yingge dance, the ver 300-year-ld intangible cultural heritage (非遗), back int the natinal sptlight.
The Yingge dance is a flk art frm that began in Guangdng Prvince, cmbining elements f pera, dance and martial arts. Its perfrmances are inspired by the stry f The Water Margin (水浒传). Set during the Sng Dynasty (960-1279), the nvel tells the stry f 108 utlaws wh gather at the Liangshan Marsh t fight against cruel rulers. The Yingge dance uses the dancers’ mvements, cstumes and facial makeup t express the heric spirit f uphlding justice and fighting evil.
Hlding a clth snake, the lead dancer cpies the snake’s dance. His graceful steps and gestures guide the team's directin, rhythm and frmatin. Each dancer adpts a hrse-riding stance (姿势), leaping sideways while striking the sticks t the rhythm f the drums.
In 2006, Puning Yingge dance was recgnized as part f China’s natinal intangible cultural heritage. T train the next generatin f dancers, Chen Laifa challenged the traditinal nrms that restricted participatin t adult men by launching the “Yingge Dance in Schls” initiative. This prgram intrduced the art frm t primary and secndary schls, and even kindergartens. The initiative has been well-received by parents, wh believe it nt nly imprves children’s physical fitness but als reduces their reliance n electrnic devices.
Als, Yingge dance has embraced innvatins in bth its frm and cntent. Fr example, the perfrmance during the 2025 Spring Festival Gala kept the essence f the traditinal dance while including mdern dance elements, making it mre appealing t cntemprary audiences. This year, Yingge dance teams frm Guangdng were als invited t perfrm n verseas stages as part f Spring Festival celebratins.
“The preservatin f intangible cultural heritage requires nt nly the passing dwn f skills but als innvatin that keeps up with the times,” said Lin Lunlun, frmer President f Hanshan Nrmal University.
4. What aspect f the Yingge dance des Paragraph 2 mainly talk abut?
A. Its rigin.B. Its significance.
C. Its develpment.D. Its legend.
5. Why did Chen Laifa launch the “Yingge Dance in Schls” initiative?
A. T enrich children’s schl life.B. T engage yunger generatins.
C. T prmte internatinal recgnitin.D. T mdernize the traditinal dance.
6. Why des the authr mentin the 2025 Spring Festival Gala in Paragraph 5?
A. T shw the Yingge dance’s ppularity.
B. T give examples f gvernment’s effrts.
C. T cmpare traditinal and mdern dances.
D. T illustrate innvatins in the Yingge dance.
7. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title?
A. Heric Rhythms: The Severe Crisis f Yingge Dance
B. Ancient Battles Rebrn: The Martial Rts f Yingge Dance
C. Dancing thrugh Dynasties: The Renewal f Yingge Dance
D. Frm Guangdng t the Wrld: The Glbal Jurney f Yingge Dance
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了英歌舞的历史传承，以及在传承中不断发展和更新。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The Yingge dance is a flk art frm that began in Guangdng Prvince, cmbining elements f pera, dance and martial arts. Its perfrmances are inspired by the stry f The Water Margin (水浒传). (英歌舞是一种起源于广东省的民间艺术形式，结合了戏曲、舞蹈和武术的元素。它的表演灵感来自《水浒传》的故事。)”可知，本段讲了英歌舞的起源，故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“T train the next generatin f dancers, Chen Laifa challenged the traditinal nrms that restricted participatin t adult men by launching the “Yingge Dance in Schls” initiative. (为了培养下一代舞者，Chen Laifa发起了“学校英歌”倡议，挑战了只有成年男性才能参与的传统规范。)” 可知，Chen Laifa发起“英歌舞进校园”倡议是为了培养下一代舞者，也就是让年轻一代参与到英歌舞中来。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Als, Yingge dance has embraced innvatins in bth its frm and cntent. Fr example, the perfrmance during the 2025 Spring Festival Gala kept the essence f the traditinal dance while including mdern dance elements, making it mre appealing t cntemprary audiences. (此外，英歌舞在形式和内容上都有创新。例如，2025年春晚期间的表演保留了传统舞蹈的精髓，同时加入了现代舞元素，使其更能吸引当代观众。)” 可推断，通过2025年春晚的例子来说明英歌舞在形式和内容上的创新。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。 通读全文，可知文章主要讲述了有着 300多年历史的非物质文化遗产英歌舞，介绍了它的起源、表演形式，以及为了传承它所做的努力，包括“英歌舞进校园”倡议和在形式与内容上的创新等，体现了英歌舞在传承中不断发展和更新。所以C选项“穿越朝代的舞蹈：英歌舞的复兴”符合文章大意，适合作标题，故选C。
C
A decade ag, humanity launched arund 200 bjects int space per year. Nw we launch mre than 2,600, with n sign f slwing dwn. This rapid expansin f human activity in uter space has filled Earth rbit with space trash (垃圾), frm dead satellites t used-up rcket parts.
Currently there are mre than 25,000 pieces f trackable human-made trash rbiting Earth. The mre we put up there, the greater the chance that pieces f debris (碎片) will strike wrking spacecraft, creating even mre dangerus trash. The disastrus crash in 2009 between the dead Russian satellite Csms 2251 and the peratinal Iridium satellite, fr example, generated nearly 2,000 pieces f debris.
Orbital space is a limited resurce, and it’s rapidly being cnsumed by a few rganizatins, ntably Space X, One Web and Amazn’s Prject Kuiper. Space X, fr instance, aims t launch tens f thusands mre satellites t prvide glbal bradband Internet cverage.
If we keep up this pace, rbital space will becme unusable — especially lw Earth rbit (LEO). If s, we may lse services we’ve cme t rely n: cntinuus cmmunicatins, GPS mapping, Internet, Earth mnitring, and mre. Tday nearly every satellite that is launched is equal t a piece f single-use plastic, in that it is t becme debris. We are giving everyne free access withut glbal rganizatin and planning, which means eventually n ne may be able t use it.
As we cntinue t push the bundaries f space explratin and cmmercializatin, there is a grwing mvement t rethink ur apprach t using the space envirnment — t mve t a strategy anchred in sund waste-management principles. I believe we must leave behind ur “linear space ecnmy,” where we use and abandn, and mve tward a “circular space ecnmy” — a way t use space that emphasizes the reuse, recycling, and efficient management f space resurces.
Just as we are cnsidering hw t preserve ecsystems n Earth fr future living creatures, we must think f space as an envirnment wrthy f preservatin. In fact, refrming hw we perate in space is critical fr Earth cnservatin.
8. What is the main cncern abut the current use f rbital space?
A. The high csts f launching satellites.B. The space race amng cuntries.
C. The decreasing usable rbital space.D. The risk f crash between debris.
9. Why des the authr cmpare launched satellites t “single-use plastic” in Paragraph 4?
A. They pllute Earth’s envirnment.B. They are abandned as trash after use.
C. They are inexpensive t prduce.D. They are designed fr shrt-term missins.
10. What slutin des the authr suggest t the prblem f space debris?
A. Using space resurces sustainably.
B. Relcating all satellites t higher rbits.
C. Banning all cmmercial satellite launches.
D. Priritizing Earth cnservatin ver space explratin.
11. What’s the purpse f the last paragraph?
A. T raise a questin.B. T make a cmparisn.
C. T make an appeal.D. T inspire mre thughts.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了轨道空间垃圾问题及其可持续利用的必要性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Orbital space is a limited resurce, and it’s rapidly being cnsumed by a few rganizatins, ntably Space X, One Web and Amazn’s Prject Kuiper. (轨道空间是一种有限的资源，且正迅速被少数组织消耗殆尽，其中尤其以SpaceX、OneWeb和亚马逊的“柯伊伯计划”最为突出)”以及第四段中“If we keep up this pace, rbital space will becme unusable—especially lw Earth rbit (LEO). (如果我们继续这个速度，轨道空间将变得无法使用——尤其是近地轨道（LEO）)”可知，当前使用轨道空间的主要担忧是可用的轨道空间正在减少。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Tday nearly every satellite that is launched is equal t a piece f single-use plastic, in that it is t becme debris. (今天，几乎每一颗发射的卫星都等同于一块一次性塑料，因为它最终会成为碎片)”可知，作者将发射的卫星比作“一次性塑料”，是因为它们在使用后被当作垃圾丢弃。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“I believe we must leave behind ur “linear space ecnmy,” where we use and abandn, and mve tward a “circular space ecnmy” — a way t use space that emphasizes the reuse, recycling, and efficient management f space resurces. (我认为，我们必须摒弃那种“线性空间经济”——即使用后就丢弃的模式，转而走向一种“循环空间经济”——一种强调空间资源的再利用、回收和高效管理的空间利用方式)”可知，作者建议通过可持续地利用空间资源来解决空间碎片问题。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Just as we are cnsidering hw t preserve ecsystems n Earth fr future living creatures, we must think f space as an envirnment wrthy f preservatin. In fact, refrming hw we perate in space is critical fr Earth cnservatin. (正如我们在考虑如何保护地球上的生态系统以供未来生物生存一样，我们必须将空间视为一个值得保护的环境。事实上，改革我们在太空中的运作方式对地球保护至关重要)”可知，最后一段的目的是发出呼吁，呼吁人们重视空间环境的保护。故选C。
D
If a stranger ffered yu a free ckie, yu might eat it. But what if they als ffered t give yu $2? Yu might plitely decline, thinking “Smething smells fishy.”
A recent study fund that peple tend t turn dwn ffers f “free mney” because they seem “t gd t be true.” The researchers bridge ecnmics and psychlgy t explain why encuraging specific actins by ffering mney can bmerang.
In the initial experiment, nearly 40% f participants ate a ckie ffered freely — cmpared with abut 20% f thse ffered $2 as well. “Peple typically imagine that smene did smething bad t the ckie,” says the study lead Andrew J. Vnasch.
Nine further experiments used nline questinnaires t present ther situatins. These included shckingly high wages fr a cnstructin jb, and surprisingly cheap flights. In each case, higher financial gain reduced participants’ likelihd f accepting the ffer.
Vnasch says the results are cntrary t the “standard ecnmic mdel,” which suppses that humans always seek t maximize gains. Deals, he argues, need t be viewed as scial interactins between peple trying t understand each ther’s minds.
If smene seems t g against accepted rules such as self-interest withut explanatin, we assume they have hidden mtives and infer there will be “phantm (幻影) csts.” This term refers t imagined cnsequences that reduce the extent t which it allws the receiver t feel better. We fear the future cnsequences f thers’ seeming vergenersity, which culd help explain peple’s unwillingness.
Anther experiment fund that high scrers n measures f distrust inferred mre phantm csts. The researchers als shwed hw t reduce the effect: simply prvide a reasn fr the deal. The “cheap flights” experiment included a cnditin where the seats were revealed t be very uncmfrtable. “Uncmfrtable seats aren’t typically a selling pint,” Vnasch says. “But telling peple this fact made them mre willing t take these seats because it was a sufficient explanatin.”
The scientists are als experimenting with rbt and Al interactins. “If AI is verly generus, will peple imagine phantm csts?” Vnasch says. “Peple tend t treat A I as if it has a mind, when bviusly it desn’t.”
12. What des the underlined wrd “bmerang” in Paragragh 2 mean?
A. Bring immediate success.B. Draw public attentin.
C. Prduce unintended results.D. Be cmpletely ignred.
13. What des the term “phantm csts” imply?
A. If yu’re less selfish, yu will feel better.
B. Peple tend t maximize ecnmic gains.
C. If it sunds t gd t be true, it prbably is.
D. Peple favr future returns ver instant benefits.
14. What des the “cheap flights” experiment demnstrate?
A. Peple prefer cheaper ptins.B. Prviding a reasn reduces distrust.
C. Distrust increases phantm csts.D. Peple like verly generus ffers.
15. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. AI is mre trustwrthy than humans.
B. Peple trust and accept AI’s ffers readily.
C. AI’s lack f a mind remves peple’s distrust.
D. Peple may still infer AI’s hidden intentins.
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现，人们往往会拒绝“免费的钱”这样的提议，因为觉得“好得令人难以置信”。研究人员通过实验解释了这种现象背后的原因，即人们会认为对方有隐藏的动机，存在“幻影成本”，并介绍了如何减少这种不信任的影响，还探讨了人工智能过度慷慨时人们的反应。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“A recent study fund that peple tend t turn dwn ffers f “free mney” because they seem “t gd t be true.” The researchers bridge ecnmics and psychlgy t explain why encuraging specific actins by ffering mney can bmerang. (最近的一项研究发现，人们倾向于拒绝“免费的钱”的提议，因为它们似乎“好得令人难以置信”。研究人员结合经济学和心理学来解释为什么通过提供金钱来鼓励特定行为会bmerang)”及下文实验中人们拒绝了看似更有经济利益的提议，可推知，提供金钱鼓励行为却得到了拒绝的结果，即产生了意想不到的结果。由此可知，划线词bmerang意思是“产生意想不到的结果”，与“Prduce unintended results.”意思相符。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“If smene seems t g against accepted rules such as self-interest withut explanatin, we assume they have hidden mtives and infer there will be “phantm (幻影) csts.” This term refers t imagined cnsequences that reduce the extent t which it allws the receiver t feel better. We fear the future cnsequences f thers’ seeming vergenersity, which culd help explain peple’s unwillingness. (如果有人似乎在没有解释的情况下违背了诸如利己主义等公认的规则，我们就会认为他们有隐藏的动机，并推断会有“幻影成本”。这个术语指的是想象中的后果，这些后果会降低接受者感觉良好的程度。我们担心别人看似过度慷慨的行为会带来的未来后果，这可以解释人们为什么不愿意接受)”可推知，“phantm csts (幻影成本)”意味着如果某件事听起来好得令人难以置信，那么它很可能就是有问题的。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第七段中的“The researchers als shwed hw t reduce the effect: simply prvide a reasn fr the deal. The “cheap flights” experiment included a cnditin where the seats were revealed t be very uncmfrtable. “Uncmfrtable seats aren’t typically a selling pint,” Vnasch says. “But telling peple this fact made them mre willing t take these seats because it was a sufficient explanatin.” (研究人员还展示了如何减少这种影响：只需为交易提供一个理由。“廉价航班”实验包括一个条件，即座位被揭示为非常不舒服。Vnasch说：“不舒服的座位通常不是卖点。但告诉人们这个事实会让他们更愿意坐这些座位，因为这是一个充分的解释。”)”可知，“廉价航班”实验表明提供一个理由可以减少不信任。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““If AI is verly generus, will peple imagine phantm csts?” Vnasch says. “Peple tend t treat A I as if it has a mind, when bviusly it desn’t.” (Vnasch说：“如果人工智能过于慷慨，人们会想象出幻影成本’吗？人们倾向于把人工智能当作有思想的东西，而显然它没有。”)”可推知，即使人工智能没有思想，人们也可能仍然会推断出人工智能隐藏的意图。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。
Green-eyed mnster
It is all t human t feel envius f thers’ success, but what can we d when thse feelings threaten t vercme us?
The bvius slutin wuld be t avid cmparing urselves t the peple arund us. ____16____ Humans are scial creatures, and ur standing within a grup wuld have serius cnsequences fr ur welfare. As a result, we unavidably use thers as a measure f ur success. This can kill satisfactin we’ve gained frm ur achievements.
____17____ The relative ranking f peple’s earnings, cmpared with friends r cwrkers, matters mre fr life satisfactin than hw much they earn. This is the same case in ther aspects like educatin r intelligence. It is hw we match up t thers that shapes hw gd we feel abut urselves.
Envy may be wrsened by a “fcusing illusin (幻想)”. ____18____ We imagine that ur successful friend is living in a cnstant state f jy, and frget that they have t face everyday difficulties like an argument with their partner r the death f a pet.
In ne study, participants were asked t imagine a peer with a desirable life. Simply reminding them f the “small annyances” this persn regularly faced significantly reduced their envy. ____19____ Realizing this shuld make us think twice abut wishing urselves in anther’s shes.
When we are feeling bitter, we might als interpret thers’ achievements as evidence that ur wn gals are achievable. Try remembering all the things within yur cntrl, and make a step-by-step plan f hw yu might achieve that. ____20____
We may never escape scial cmparisn. When life gives us sur grapes, hwever, we can chse t make wine frm thse mmentarily bitter fruits.
A. But that is easier said than dne.
B. It refers t a habit f fcusing n ur failures.
C. S we can’t help envying friends’ prmtin.
D. We can see this in hw peple think f their incme.
E. It describes fixing n a single aspect f smene’s life.
F. We can never knw what emtinal prblems smene may have.
G. In this sense, feeling envius will mtivate yu t take psitive actins.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. E 19. F 20. G
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了如何处理嫉妒情绪。
【16题详解】
上文“The bvius slutin wuld be t avid cmparing urselves t the peple arund us.(显而易见的解决办法是避免将自己与周围的人进行比较)”提到，解决办法是避免将自己与周围的人进行比较，结合下文“Humans are scial creatures, and ur standing within a grup wuld have serius cnsequences fr ur welfare. As a result, we unavidably use thers as a measure f ur success.(人类是社会动物，我们在群体中的地位会对我们的福利产生严重的影响。因此，我们不可避免地把别人作为衡量自己成功的标准)”可知，人类是社会动物，我们不可避免地把别人作为衡量自己成功的标准，因此“避免将自己与周围的人进行比较”这一办法很难做到，A项“但说起来容易做起来难”符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
上一段末句“This can kill satisfactin we’ve gained frm ur achievements.(这会扼杀我们从成就中获得的满足感)”提到，和别人进行比较会扼杀我们从成就中获得的满足感，下文“The relative ranking f peple’s earnings, cmpared with friends r cwrkers, matters mre fr life satisfactin than hw much they earn.(与朋友或同事相比，人们收入的相对排名对生活满意度的影响比他们收入的多少更大)”通过收入的例子说明上文观点，D项“我们可以从人们如何看待自己的收入中看到这一点”承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
上文“Envy may be wrsened by a ‘fcusing illusin (幻想)’.(嫉妒可能会因‘聚焦幻想’而恶化)”提到“聚焦幻想”，空处应是解释其含义，E项“它描述的是专注于某人生活的某一方面”符合语境，且和下文“We imagine that ur successful friend is living in a cnstant state f jy, and frget that they have t face everyday difficulties like an argument with their partner r the death f a pet.(我们想象我们成功的朋友一直生活在快乐的状态中，而忘记了他们必须面对日常的困难，比如与伴侣的争吵或宠物的死亡)”内容相吻合，故选E。
【19题详解】
上文“Simply reminding them f the ‘small annyances’ this persn regularly faced significantly reduced their envy.(仅仅是提醒他们这个人经常遇到的‘小烦恼’，就能大大减少他们的嫉妒心)”提到，提醒参与者别人会经常遇到‘小烦恼’会减少他们的嫉妒心，下文“Realizing this shuld make us think twice abut wishing urselves in anther’s shes.(意识到这一点，我们应该在希望自己处在别人的位置时三思而后行)”提到在希望自己处在别人的位置时三思而后行，即不会再想要成为别人，因此空处是关于别人的困境描述，F项“我们永远不可能知道一个人可能有什么样的情感问题”符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“When we are feeling bitter, we might als interpret thers’ achievements as evidence that ur wn gals are achievable. Try remembering all the things within yur cntrl, and make a step-by-step plan f hw yu might achieve that.(当我们感到痛苦时，我们可能也会把别人的成就解释为我们自己的目标可以实现的证据。试着记住你能控制的所有事情，然后制定一个循序渐进的计划)”可知，此处是说用别人的成就激励自己，这是描述嫉妒的积极意义，G项“从这个意义上说，嫉妒会激励你采取积极的行动”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I bught a huse fur years ag, I immediately began designing my dream garden, ____21____ t remve the weeds and plant sme vegetables r flwers. I sn discvered, hwever, that the sil was ____22____, clay-heavy and littered with stnes. In previus, much ____23____ gardens, I’d fix it with a few bags f high-quality sil. Nw, it was neither practical nr ____24____ pssible t replace this vast quantity f dirt. ____25____, I decided t repair what I already had.
The ____26____ befre me was t restre the sil’s vitality. I tried t apply tw methds: minimizing sil disturbance and ____27____ bidiversity. Where nce there was nly grass, I made a pnd, a wildflwer field and vegetables beds. I let plants grw in a ____28____ way. I als intrduced different plants, breathing new life int its ____29____ cmmunities.
In May, I decided t _____30_____ a flwering plant. As I dug the plant ut, all manner f life _____31_____. Earth wrms (蚯蚓) swung frm the rts. A daddy lng legs (长脚蜘蛛) _____32_____ fr shelter. Belw the plant I even nticed the fine white fungal mycelium (真菌菌丝).
Running my fingers thrugh the sil, I understd clearly that I _____33_____ much mre than my yard — it cmpletely changed the way I think abut sil. It’s nt simply as a(n) _____34_____ fr life, but as a living thing in its wn right. It has a capacity fr active _____35_____. It grws. It breathes. And it can die.
21. A. fferingB. managingC. intendingD. hesitating
22. A. unstableB. unreliableC. unnticedD. unprductive
23. A. smallerB. brighterC. prettierD. lder
24. A. academicallyB. sciallyC. financiallyD. mentally
25. A. AdditinallyB. LikewiseC. OtherwiseD. Therefre
26. A. puzzleB. challengeC. cnflictD. guidance
27. A. mnitringB. priritizingC. reducingD. assessing
28. A. friendlyB. carefulC. decentD. natural
29. A. lcalB. eclgicalC. ruralD. ecnmical
30. A. relcateB. recverC. renewD. rewater
31. A. revealedB. emergedC. sufferedD. disappeared
32. A. calledB. waitedC. arrivedD. hurried
33. A. develpedB. maintainedC. transfrmedD. facilitated
34. A. essenceB. virtueC. mediumD. milestne
35. A. self-awarenessB. self-disciplineC. self-satisfactinD. self-preservatin
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过改造贫瘠花园土壤的经历，认识到土壤是活的生命体，具有自我维持能力，彻底改变了对土壤的认知。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我四年前买了房子，我立即开始设计我的梦想花园，打算清除杂草，种植一些蔬菜或鲜花。A. ffering提供；B. managing设法做到；C. intending打算；D. hesitating犹豫。根据上文“I immediately began designing my dream garden”可知作者开始设计梦想花园，所以是打算做一些事情，清除杂草等，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我很快发现，那里的土壤贫瘠，粘土重，到处都是石头。A. unstable不稳定的；B. unreliable不可靠的；C. unnticed未注意到的；D. unprductive贫瘠的。根据下文“clay-heavy and littered with stnes”可知粘土重，到处都是石头，所以那里的土壤应是贫瘠的，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在以前的小花园里，我会用几袋高质量的土壤来修复它。A. smaller更小的；B. brighter更明亮的；C. prettier更漂亮的；D. lder更旧的。根据下文“replace this vast quantity f dirt”可知需要大量的高质量土壤取代这些泥土，说明以前的花园小，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，既不现实，也不经济，不可能取代这么大量的泥土。A. academically学术上；B. scially社会上；C. financially经济上；D. mentally精神上。根据下文“replace this vast quantity f dirt”可知要用大量的高质量土壤取代这些泥土，说明既不现实，也不经济，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我决定修复我已经拥有的东西。A. Additinally此外；B. Likewise同样地；C. Otherwise否则；D. Therefre因此。根据前文说既不现实，也不经济，而下文说我决定修复我已经拥有的东西，所以是因果关系，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我面临的挑战是恢复土壤的活力。A. puzzle谜题；B. challenge挑战；C. cnflict矛盾；D. guidance指导。根据下文“t restre the sil’s vitality”可知要恢复土壤的活力对于作者来说是挑战，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尝试了两种方法：减少土壤干扰和优先考虑生物多样性。A. mnitring监测；B. priritizing优先考虑；C. reducing减少；D. assessing评估。根据下文“Where nce there was nly grass, I made a pnd, a wildflwer field and vegetables beds. (曾经只有草的地方，我做了一个池塘，一个野花地和蔬菜田。)”可知作者优先考虑生物的多样性，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我让植物自然生长。A. friendly友好的；B. careful仔细的；C. decent得体的；D. natural自然的。根据上文“minimizing sil disturbance”减少对土壤的干扰，说明是让植物自然生长。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还引进了不同的植物，为它的生态群落注入了新的生命。A. lcal当地的；B. eclgical生态的；C. rural农村的；D. ecnmical经济的。根据上文“I als intrduced different plants”可知引进了不同的指物，所以是为生态群落注入了新的生命，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年5月，我决定重新安置一株开花植物。 A. relcate重新安置；B. recver恢复；C. renew更新；D. rewater再浇水。根据下文“As I dug the plant ut”可知是重新安置这株植物，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我把植物挖出来时，各种各样的生命都冒了出来。 A. revealed揭示；B. emerged出现；C. suffered遭受；D. disappeared消失。根据下文“Earth wrms swung frm the rts. A daddy lng legs ________ fr shelter.”可知是各种各样的生命都冒了出来，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个长腿蜘蛛急忙找地方躲。A. called (fr)要求；B. waited (fr)等待；C. arrived到达，一般不和fr搭配；D. hurried(fr)匆忙寻求。根据下文“fr shelter”可知是找地方躲藏，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的手指穿过泥土，我清楚地明白，我改变的不仅仅是我的院子——它完全改变了我对土壤的看法。A. develped发展；B. maintained维持；C. transfrmed改变；D. facilitated促进。根据下文“it cmpletely changed the way I think abut sil”可知作者认为自己改变的不仅仅是院子，所以是change的同义词复现，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它不仅仅是生命的介质，它本身就是一种有生命的东西。A. essence本质；B. virtue美德；C. medium介质；D. milestne里程碑。根据上文“it cmpletely changed the way I think abut sil”可知作者改变了对土壤的看法，所以认为土壤不仅仅是生命的介质，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它有主动自我保护的能力。A. self-awareness自我意识；B. self-discipline自律；C. self-satisfactin自我满足；D. self-preservatin自我保护。根据下文“It grws. It breathes.”可知它有主动自我保护的能力，故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Parthenn is a grand temple lcated n the Acrplis in Athens, Greece. Built in the fifth century BC, it stands as ____36____ (prve) f ancient Greece’s cultural and artistic accmplishments. In particular, its ____37____ (harmny) prprtins (比例) and careful attentin t detail highlight the Greeks’ dedicatin t perfectin.
One f the Parthenn’s mst ntable features was the sculptures that decrated ____38____ (it) utside. These images brught frth scenes frm Greek histry and mythlgy (神话), ____39____ (demnstrate) the Greeks’ excellent ability t tell stries thrugh art. Inside the temple, a twelve-meter-tall statue f Athena was sculpted ut f wd and cvered in gld and ivry. The Parthenn ____40____ (use) as a Christian church starting in the sixth century, and later changed int a msque (清真寺) in the fifteenth century. This lasted until 1687, ____41____ a war brke ut and left the building in ruins.
Between 1800 and 1803, Thmas Bruce, ____42____ art cllectr and British diplmat, remved sme f the Parthenn’s sculptures and sent them t Lndn, where they can still be seen tday in the British Museum. The rest remain in the Acrplis Museum, which hpes t reclaim the ____43____ (lse) sculptures and cmplete the stry.
____44____ its partial destructin, the Parthenn remains a surce f inspiratin fr architects and artists wrldwide. As an architectural miracle that ____45____ (stand) the test f time fr centuries, the Parthenn will dubtless cntinue t aruse wnder and admiratin fr many years t cme.
【答案】36. prf 37. harmnius 38. its 39. demnstrating 40. was used 41. when 42. an 43. lst 44. Despite 45. has std
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了希腊雅典卫城上的帕特农神庙。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：它建于公元前5世纪，是古希腊文化和艺术成就的证明。介词as后应用名词作宾语，表抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填prf。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：特别是，它和谐的比例和对细节的仔细关注突出了希腊人对完美的执着。设空处修饰名词prprtins作定语，应用形容词，故填harmnius。
【38题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：帕台农神庙最引人注目的特色之一是装饰其外部的雕塑。设空处修饰名词utside，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
【39题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：这些图像带来了希腊历史和神话中的场景，展示了希腊人通过艺术讲述故事的卓越能力。本句已有谓语brught，设空处为非谓语动词，和主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填demnstrating。
【40题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：帕台农神庙从六世纪开始被用作基督教教堂，后来在十五世纪变成了清真寺。设空处为谓语，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Parthenn，be动词用was，故填was used。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这种情况一直持续到1687年，当时战争爆发，这座建筑成了一片废墟。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是1687，关系词在从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：1800年至1803年间，艺术收藏家兼英国外交官托马斯·布鲁斯（Thmas Bruce）将帕台农神庙的一些雕塑搬到了伦敦，如今这些雕塑仍陈列在大英博物馆（British Museum）。设空处修饰名词cllectr表泛指，应用冠词，并且art发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：其余的留在雅典卫城博物馆，希望能收回丢失的雕塑并完成这个故事。设空处修饰名词sculptures作定语，应用形容词，表示“丢失的”，故填lst。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管帕台农神庙遭到了部分破坏，但它仍然是全世界建筑师和艺术家的灵感来源。设空后接名词，表“尽管”，应用介词despite，句首单词首字母大写，故填Despite。
【45题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：作为几个世纪以来经受住时间考验的建筑奇迹，帕台农神庙无疑将在未来的许多年里继续引起人们的惊叹和钦佩。设空处为从句谓语，根据时间状语“fr centuries”可知， 此处要用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语that指代an architectural miracle是单数，所以助动词用has，故填has std。
第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，是校英语报的记者，上周你校组织了“以史为鉴，对话古今”（Learning frm Histry: A Dialgue Between Past and Present）为主题的读书周活动。请你写一篇报道介绍一下这次活动，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动内容；
3. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。
Histry Made Alive Thrugh Reading
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Histry Made Alive Thrugh Reading
Last week, ur schl rganized a reading week activity themed “Learning frm Histry: A Dialgue Between Past and Present”. The aim f this activity was t aruse students’ interest in histry and let them learn frm it.
During the activity, there were varius events. A histry lecture was given by an expert, wh shared many inspiring histrical stries. Besides, a reading cmpetitin was held, in which students had t write a summary f what they had read.
The activity was a great success. Students said that they had nt nly bradened their hrizns but als realized the imprtance f histry. It was really an activity that benefited everyne.
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Billy Ray Harris was a hmeless man wh spent his days n the streets f Kansas City, begging fr mney t buy fd and, if he was lucky, a bed fr the night. Life had nt been kind t him, and each day was a struggle t survive. As he sat n the sidewalk, hlding his cup, he wuld ften reflect n his past and wnder hw he had ended up in such a difficult situatin. The sund f cins clinking (叮当) int his cup was a small cmfrt, a reminder that there were still kind peple in the wrld wh cared enugh t help him get thrugh anther day.
One mrning, as Billy sat in his usual spt, he heard the familiar sund f cins drpping int his cup. But this time, the nise was luder than usual. If he had lked up, he’d have seen a yung lady n her way t wrk. But he didn’t. She was in a hurry and didn’t realize that, alng with sme change, she had accidentally drpped her diamnd ring int Billy’s cup. It wasn’t until later, when Billy finally lked int his cup, that he nticed smething unusual. Amng the cins was a shiny diamnd ring. He picked it up and examined it clsely, hardly believing his eyes. It was a beautiful ring, and he knew it must be wrth a lt f mney.
Billy’s first thught was t take the ring t a jeweler and sell it. He did just that, and t his astnishment, the jeweler ffered him $4,000 fr it. This was mre mney than Billy had seen in years. He culd use the mney t change his life — buy fd, rent a rm, maybe even start ver. But as he std there, hlding the ring, he thught abut his grandfather, wh had always brught him up t d the right thing, and knew he had t recnsider.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After a lng and difficult internal struggle, Billy made up his mind.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The wman was tuched by Billy’s act f hnesty and decided t help him.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
After a lng and difficult internal struggle, Billy made up his mind. Clenching the ring tightly in his hand, he returned t his usual spt, hping the wman wuld cme back. Days passed, and he kept the ring safe despite hunger and cld. Finally, ne afternn, he recgnized her hurried ftsteps. “Excuse me,” he called ut, his vice trembling. “I think this belngs t yu.” The wman stared at the ring in disbelief, tears welling in her eyes. “I can’t thank yu enugh,” she whispered, verwhelmed by his hnesty in such hardship.
The wman was tuched by Billy’s act f hnesty and decided t help him. She shared his stry nline, inspiring dnatins frm strangers wrldwide. With the funds, she helped Billy rent a small apartment and find a steady jb. Years later, Billy n lnger begged but wrked as a shelter vlunteer, guiding thers tward hpe. His grandfather’s lessn had nt nly restred a lst treasure but als rebuilt a life. The ring’s true value, he realized, lay nt in its price but in the kindness it awakened.