安徽省合肥市2022-2023学年高三下学期第一次教学质量检测（一模）英语试题 附解析

这是一份安徽省合肥市2022-2023学年高三下学期第一次教学质量检测（一模）英语试题 附解析，共23页。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man ding?
A. Brrwing bks. B. Returning bks. C. Buying bks.
2. Where are the speakers?
A. At a htel. B. At a bus stp. C. At the airprt.
3. Hw des the wman sund?
A. Annyed. B. Wrried. C. Puzzled.
4. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Fellw wrkers. C. Teacher and student.
5. What are the speakers taking abut?
A. Hw t sleep well. B. Hw t make tea. C. Hw t keep refreshed.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. Why des the man make the phne call?
A. T reschedule the appintment.
B. T ask abut the test results.
C. T seek expert cnsultatin.
7. When is the man ging t meet the dctr?
A. On Tuesday mrning.
B. On Thursday afternn. C. On Friday mrning.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Which f the fllwing will the wman rder?
A. Fish. B. Steak. C. Ptates.
9. Why des the wman avid desserts?
A. She hates sweet fd.
B. She dislikes the flavr.
C. She cares abut her figure.
10. Hw des the man feel abut the service?
A. He is dissatisfied. B. He is cnfident. C. He is curius.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What clr sweater des the man take?
A. Red. B. Blue. C. Black.
12. Hw much will the man pay?
A. $90. B. $100. C. $160.
13. Hw will the man pay?
A. In cash. B. By credit card. C. With a mbile device.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Wh nce wrked in an animal shelter?
A. The man. B. The wman. C. The wman’s uncle.
15. What did the man d recently?
A. He went t visit a friend.
B. He attended an interview.
C. He called sme animal keepers.
16. What des the wman think f the man’s jb?
A. Very exciting. B. A bit difficult. C. Highly rewarding.
17. What des the wman ask the man t d?
A Take phts. B. Make a call. C. Write his stry.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What d we knw abut Gerry?
A. He is left hmeless.
B. He is kind-hearted.
C. He lives by cllecting waste.
19. What des the speaker say abut the huse?
A. It is cstly. B. It is huge. C. It is mveable.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
A. Imprtance f recycling resurces.
B. A stry f helping peple in need.
C. Ways f raising mney fr charity.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Rbts are knwn as the future f technlgy. Rbtics technlgy has just landed in the wrkplace and there is a lt f wrk t d. Belw we’ll discuss sme f the best and mst advanced rbts ever made by humans.
Asim
The primary fcus f the rbt is t help peple. Asim travels all arund the wrld, making peple aware hw rbts can make life easier and help humans. It can dance, run and even kick a sccer ball. The rbt can cmmunicate with peple in three different languages including Japanese, Chinese and English.
Created by: Hnda (Japan)
Sphia
It is a realistic example f a perfect rbt because it has abut 50 different facial expressins just like humans. Sphia is primarily designed fr educatin, research and entertainment. It travels thrughut the wrld explaining t peple the imprtance f rbts in human life.
Created by: Hansn Rbtics (Hng Kng, China)
Atlas
Its bdy shape is s dynamic that it can use its all bdy skills t mve quickly and balance itself n diverse terrains (地形). The rbt is capable f perfrming many different tasks but sme favurite tasks are running, jumping and turnver mvements. Its advanced AI systems make it capable f seeing barriers and negtiating thrugh diverse terrains.
Created by: Bstn Dynamics (United States)
Spt
Spt is an animal rbt, r say a dg rbt, because it lks very similar t a dg. Spt can search arund yur ffice, hme, playgrund etc. as a nrmal dg usually des. Spt has sme utstanding functins like it can map yur envirnment, sense barriers, lift packages and mre.
Created by: Bstn Dynamics (United States)
1. Which f the fllwing characterizes Asim?
A. Its high speed.B. Its facial expressins.
C. Its language ability.D. Its cmmunicatin skills.
2. Which rbt is created by China?
A. Asim.B. Sphia.C. Atlas.D. Spt.
3. What d Atlas and Spt have in cmmn?
A. They can change their bdy shapes.
B. They can carry small packages.
C. They can help d sme husewrk.
D. They can detect barriers arund.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了目前人类发明的最先进的四个机器人。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Asim”部分的“The rbt can cmmunicate with peple in three different languages including Japanese, Chinese and English.(这个机器人可以用包括日语、汉语和英语在内的三种语言和人类交流)”可知，这种机器人的与其他机器人的不同之处是它的语言能力，故选C 项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Sphia”部分的“Created by: Hansn Rbtics (Hng Kng, China)(由中国香港的汉森机器人公司制造)”可知，这个机器人由中国制造，故B 项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据 “Atlas”部分的“Its advanced AI systems make it capable f seeing barriers.(它的高级人工智能系统使得它能够看见障碍物)”以及“Spt”部分的“Spt has sme utstanding functins like it can map yur envirnment, sense barriers, lift packages and mre.( Spt 有出色的了解你周围的环境信息、感知障碍物、举起包裹等功能)”可知，这两个机器人的相同之处在于能探测周围的障碍物，故选D 项。
B
A Malawian wman, Glria Majiga-Kamt, was recently awarded the Gldman Envirnmental Prize fr Africa — the wrld’s leading award fr grassrts envirnmental activists.
Glria Majiga-Kamt was then wrking fr a lcal envirnmental rganizatin with a prgram that gave gats t rural farmers, wh wuld use the gat waste t prduce lw-cst, high-quality rganic fertilizer (肥料). The prblem? The thin plastic bags cvering the Malawian cuntryside. “We have this very cmmn street fd, chiwaya, which is salty and served in little blue plastics,” Majiga-Kamt says. “Gats eat the plastic fr salty taste and they die because it blcks the ingestin (摄食) system.” Fr her, this was the mment when it all changed. All f a sudden, she started nticing hw plastics were everywhere in the Malawian envirnment and fd system-affecting peple’s living and health.
“I remember back in the day when we’d g t the market and buy things like fish, yu’d get it in newspapers,” the 30-year-ld says. But thin plastics tk ff in the last decade r s as new prducers sprung up in Malawi, selling prducts like thin plastic bags at cheap prices. In fact, the Malawian gvernment decided t ban the imprtatin, prductin and distributin f single-use plastic in 2015. But befre the ban culd g int full effect, Malawi’s plastics-prducing industry appealed t the cuntry’s High Curt against the ban, causing it t be suspended.
When Majiga-Kamt and her fellw envirnmentalists heard abut this, they were annyed. She rganized marches and rejected the plastic industry’s argument that the ban wuld hurt Malawi’s ecnmy — and even debated with an industry spkesman n TV. Finally in 2019, Malawi’s High Curt ruled in favr f the ban. The fllwing year, the gvernment began clsing dwn illegal plastic prducers.
Michael Suttn, executive directr f the Gldman Envirnmental Fundatin, said, “Majiga-Kamt’s fight with the plastic industry is a perfect example f the spirit f the prize.”
4. What made Majiga-Kamt realize the prblem?
A. Her experience with plastic-eating gats.
B. Her discvery f gat waste everywhere.
C. Her dubt abut the safety f street fd.
D. Her care fr the farmers living in pverty.
5. What can we learn abut Malawi?
A. It used t be extremely rich in fish.
B. It advcated using thin plastic bags.
C. It failed t ban single-use plastic at first.
D. It relied heavily n the plastic industry.
6. What was the purpse f Majiga-Kamt’s acts in Paragraph 4?
A T put the ban int effect.
B. T supprt the gvernment.
C. T back the plastic industry up.
D. T prmte Malawi’s ecnmy.
7. Which f the fllwing best describes Majiga-Kamt?
A. Humble.B. Generus.C. Patient.D. Cmmitted.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了马拉维女士Glria Majiga Kamt最近被授予高盛非洲环境奖，这是世界上对草根环境活动家的最高奖项，并详细讲述了她对于马拉维塑料禁令的颁布和执行所作出的努力。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“‘Gats eat the plastic fr salty taste and they die because it blcks the ingestin system.’ Fr her, this was the mment when it all changed. All f a sudden, she started nticing hw plastics were everywhere in the Malawian envirnment and fd system-affecting peple’s living and health.(“山羊吃塑料是为了吃咸味，因为塑料堵塞了消化系统而死亡。”对她来说，这一刻一切都变了。突然间，她开始注意到塑料在马拉维的环境和食品系统中无处不在，影响着人们的生活和健康)”可知，在了解到山羊因食用塑料而死亡的这一时刻，她意识到了马拉维的环境和食品中的塑料问题。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“In fact, the Malawian gvernment decided t ban the imprtatin, prductin and distributin f single-use plastic in 2015. But befre the ban culd g int full effect, Malawi’s plastics-prducing industry appealed t the cuntry’s High Curt against the ban, causing it t be suspended.(事实上，马拉维政府在2015年就决定禁止进口、生产和分销一次性塑料。但在禁令全面生效之前，马拉维的塑料生产行业向该国高等法院上诉反对禁令，导致禁令被暂停)”以及第四段内容“Finally in 2019, Malawi’s High Curt ruled in favr f the ban. The fllwing year, the gvernment began clsing dwn illegal plastic prducers.(最终在2019年，马拉维高等法院裁定支持该禁令。第二年，政府开始关闭非法塑料生产商)”可知，马拉维政府曾在2015年决定颁布有关一次性塑料的禁令，但遭到了反对而被暂停，后在2020最终实现了相关禁令的推行。由此可知，它最初未能禁止一次性塑料。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“When Majiga-Kamt and her fellw envirnmentalists heard abut this, they were annyed. She rganized marches and rejected the plastic industry’s argument that the ban wuld hurt Malawi’s ecnmy — and even debated with an industry spkesman n TV. Finally in 2019, Malawi’s High Curt ruled in favr f the ban.(当Majiga Kamt和她的环保主义伙伴们听到这件事时，他们很恼火。她组织了游行，拒绝了塑料行业有关禁令会损害马拉维经济的说法，甚至在电视上与行业发言人进行了辩论。最终，2019年，马拉维高等法院裁定该禁令获得了支持)”可知，Majiga Kamt和她的环保主义伙伴们的行为最终促进了马拉维高等法院对该禁令的支持。由此推知，Majiga行为的目的是为了促进该禁令的执行。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“When Majiga-Kamt and her fellw envirnmentalists heard abut this, they were annyed. She rganized marches and rejected the plastic industry’s argument that the ban wuld hurt Malawi’s ecnmy—and even debated with an industry spkesman n TV. (当Majiga Kamt和她的环保主义伙伴们听到这件事时，他们很恼火。她组织了游行，拒绝了塑料行业有关禁令会损害马拉维经济的说法，甚至在电视上与行业发言人进行了辩论。)”可知，Majiga为了“塑料禁令”的颁布和推行作出了非常多的努力。由此推知，她是一个尽心尽力的人。故选D项。
C
Hneybees understand that “nthing” can be “smething” that has numerical meaning, shwing that they have a primitive grasp f the cncept f zer, accrding t a newly-published study in Science.
Previus experiments have shwn that hneybees have sme facility fr numbers, because they were able t cunt landmarks (地标) as they searched arund fr a sweet reward. But in these tests, the insects culdn’t cunt very high-nly t abut fur. Still, that made researchers in Australia and France want t explre what else the bees culd d with numbers.
Scarlett Hward at RMIT University in Melburne attracted bees t a wall where they were presented with tw square cards. Each card had a different number f black symbls, such as dts r triangles. Hward trained ne grup f bees t understand that sugar water wuld always be lcated under the card with the least number f symbls. “They culd cme and see tw circles versus (与. . . 相对) three circles, r fur triangles versus ne triangle,” she explains. The bees quickly learned t fly t the card with the fewest symbls,
But then they gt anther test, The researchers presented the bees with a card that had a single symbl and a blank card that had nthing n it. The bees seemed t understand that “zer” was less than ne, because they flew tward the blank card mre ften than yu’d expect if they were chsing at randm. “When we shwed them zer-versus six, they did that at a much higher level than zer versus ne,” Hward says. “S what tells us is that they cnsider zer as an actual quantity alng the number line.”
Aurre Avargues-Weber, a researcher with the University f Tuluse, pints ut even very yung children have truble understanding that zer is a number. “It’s easy fr them t cunt ‘ne, tw, three, fur,’ but zer, it’s nt smething t cunt,” she explains. What’s mre, the brains f bees are incredibly tiny brains cmpared with the brains f humans. Even s, the bees can understand the abstract cncept f an empty set and she says she fund that very surprising.
8. What did the earlier studies find abut bees?
A. They culd fly higher than expected.
B. They culd understand sme numbers.
C. They culd remember a reward well.
D. They culd explre lcal landmarks.
9. What did bees learn t d in Hward’s first test?
A. Distinguish circles frm triangles.
B. Draw varius symbls n the cards.
C. Identify the smaller f the tw numbers.
D. Lcate sugar water with symbl shapes.
10. Why did bees fly t the blank card mre frequently?
A. They were tld the lcatin f the reward.
B. They chse t d it thrughly by chance.
C. They preferred the card with nthing n it.
D. They thught f zer as an actual number.
11. Why are yung children mentined in the last paragraph?
A. T argue that bees have a surprising memry.
B. T shw that bees’ gift fr numbers is amazing.
C. T explain that bees learn as well as yung children.
D. T cnfirm that bees are smarter than yung children.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章讲述了研究者们通过一系列的实验来测试蜜蜂对于数字的认知能力，惊奇地发现了蜜蜂对于零的概念有一个基本的理解。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Previus experiments have shwn that hneybees have sme facility fr numbers, because they were able t cunt landmarks (地标) as they searched arund fr a sweet reward. ”（之前的实验表明，蜜蜂对数字有一定的能力，因为它们在四处寻找甜蜜的回报时，能够数出地标。）可知，之前的实验发现蜜蜂能够理解一些数字。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The bees quickly learned t fly t the card with the fewest symbls,”（蜜蜂很快学会了飞向符号最少的卡片。）可知，在Hward的第一个实验中，蜜蜂学会了识别数量较少的那组符号。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“S what tells us is that they cnsider zer as an actual quantity alng the number line.”（所以这告诉我们，它们把零看作数轴上的一个实数。）可知，蜜蜂更加频繁地飞向那个空白的卡片是因为它们把零当作了一个实数。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Aurre Avargues-Weber, a researcher with the University f Tuluse, pints ut even very yung children have truble understanding that zer is a number. ”（图卢兹大学的研究员Aurre Avargues-Weber指出，即使是很小的孩子也很难理解零是一个数字。）和“Even s, the bees can understand the abstract cncept f an empty set and she says she fund that very surprising.”（即便如此，蜜蜂也能理解空集的抽象概念，她说她发现这非常令人惊讶。）及全段内容可知，作者提到小孩子对于零的理解能力，是为了显示蜜蜂对于数字的认知天赋令人惊讶。故选B。
D
Transprt is underging a massive transfrmatin s it can meet sciety’s demands fr a lw- carbn ecnmy. Intrducing electric vehicles (EV) and declining gasline use are helping, but zer-carbn hydrgen can speed up bth the transitin (转变) and lng-term decarbnizatin f transprt.
In the US, transprtatin prduces the largest share f all greenhuse gas emissins (排放) in the ecnmy at 29%, accrding t the Envirnmental Prtectin Agency. Mre than 90% f transprt fuel is petrl based, but if mre vehicles used hydrgen, emissins f this kind wuld plummet.
Hwever, hydrgen is nt cnsidered an ideal replacement fr gasline as an engine fuel fr cars because it is harder t stre safely. And while fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) that turn hydrgen int electricity can cmpete with EV perfrmance-and even ut-cmpete them n range and refill time, extra energy is needed t prduce the hydrgen needed fr fuel. Als, finding investment fr strage, pipelines and fuel statins is still a challenge fr many natins.
Currently, gvernments wrldwide are backing green hydrgen prjects t reduce greenhuse gas emissins in heavy industries like freight (货运), steel, and energy strage. But hydrgen transprt will need rapid prductin methds t create the fuel needed fr the wrld’s rad fleet.
Thankfully, research is advancing all the time. Nanscale (纳米级的) thin films are applied t imprving the chemical prcess t rapidly harvest hydrgen frm the seawater. The same technlgy has been successfully used in slar pwer devices with higher efficiency-t-cst rates. Since hydrgen is the mst abundant element in the universe and as seawater makes up abut 96% f all water n Earth, there is a virtually limitless supply.
Even wastewater and slid waste can create green hydrgen. Researchers at Princetn University are using sunlight t separate hydrgen frm industrial wastewater. Chemical plants that currently face high csts fr cleaning wastewater culd transfrm it int clean hydrgen supplies.
12. What des the underlined wrd “plummet” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Stp.B. Decrease.C. Cntinue.D. Disappear.
13. What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Ways f string hydrgen safely.
B. Benefits f fuel cell electric vehicles.
C. Challenges f using hydrgen as car fuel.
D. Differences between gasline and hydrgen.
14. What makes it mre efficient t get hydrgen frm the cean?
A. The applicatin f slar pwer devices.
B. The methd f identifying water elements.
C The inventin. f the water transprt system.
D. The use f the nanscale thin-film technlgy.
15. Which f the fllwing can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Clean Energy Hydrgen Ready t Take Off
B. Traditinal Fuels Bund t Reach a Dead End
C. Hw We Can Generate Energy frm Hydrgen
D. What the Future f Transprtatin May Be Like
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了清洁能源氢气的开发和利用情况。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Mre than 90% f transprt fuel is petrl based, but if mre vehicles used hydrgen(超过90%的交通燃料是以汽油为基础的，但如果更多的车辆使用氢)”可知，如果使用氢气的话温室气体排放量会“下降”。由此可知，划线词的意思是“下降”。故选B项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Hwever, hydrgen is nt cnsidered an ideal replacement fr gasline as an engine fuel fr cars because it is harder t stre safely.(然而，氢并不被认为是汽油作为汽车发动机燃料的理想替代品，因为氢更难安全储存)”和“Als, finding investment fr strage, pipelines and fuel statins is still a challenge fr many natins.(此外，为储存、管道和燃料站寻找投资对许多国家来说仍然是一个挑战)”可知，本段主要讲了使用氢作为汽车燃料的挑战。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的Thankfully, research is advancing all the time. Nanscale (纳米级的) thin films are applied t imprving the chemical prcess t rapidly harvest hydrgen frm the seawater.(值得庆幸的是，研究一直在进步。纳米薄膜被应用于改善化学过程，以快速从海水中获取氢气)”可知，采用纳米级薄膜技术使得从海洋中获取氢气更有效。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Intrducing electric vehicles (EV) and declining gasline use are helping, but zer-carbn hydrgen can speed up bth the transitin (转变) and lng-term decarbnizatin f transprt.(引入电动汽车（EV）和减少汽油使用是有帮助的，但零碳氢可以加快交通的转型和长期脱碳)”及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了清洁能源氢气的开发和利用情况。由此可知，选项A“清洁能源氢准备起飞”适合用作文章标题。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When yur child begins t beg fr a pet, yu may draw back at the thught f the additinal respnsibilities. Parents usually think f all the wrk and respnsibility having a pet culd bring abut. ____16____
● Teach respnsibility.
A family pet can help shw children the imprtance f prper care in keeping their new friend happy and healthy.____17____ Give yur child a sense f respnsibility by having them help meet these needs, whether they feel like it that day r nt.
● Encurage exercise.
If yu’ve ever been frced t keep up with a yung dg r cat, yu knw hw tiring it can be!____18____ By encuraging yur child t play with his r her pet, bth f them will get the exercise they need t sleep sundly and live healthy and happy lives.
____19____
Teaching yur child hw t “play nice” with and shw affectin t anther living being is an essential first step tward develping lifelng empathy (共情) fr thers. Learning hw t be a gd friend with a pet will teach ne hw t be mre pen and friendly t ther peple as well.
● Be practical.
While the benefits f pet wnership are clear, pets are definitely nt fr everybdy. Raising pets requires a large amunt f wrk and respnsibility. Yu’d better make sure the whle family is aware f the requirement that cme alng with the pet. ____20____ It’s best t intrduce the ptential pet t yur child befre bringing him r her hme t ensure that there is a healthy cnnectin.
A. Treat thers well.
B. Frm a clse bnd with a friend.
C. Pets are great fr helping "“break the ice”.
D. But yu can use the pet’s energy t yur advantage.
E. Als, sme pets can be very aggressive with children.
F. All pets need t be fed, given fresh water, and exercised regularly.
G. Hwever, allwing kids t keep a pet can teach yu bth sme imprtant lessns.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了养宠物给孩子们带来的益处。
【16题详解】
设空句在第一段段末，应是具有承前启后的作用。结合前文“Parents usually think f all the wrk and respnsibility having a pet culd bring abut.(父母通常会考虑养宠物可能带来的所有工作和责任。)”可知，主题为“允许孩子饲养宠物”，且后文“Teach respnsibility.(教导责任。)”，“Encurage exercise.(鼓励锻炼。)”则讲到了允许孩子饲养宠物的好处，因此，设空句既要包含主题，也要对后文起到引领的作用。选项G“Hwever, allwing kids t keep a pet can teach yu bth sme imprtant lessns.(然而，让孩子们养宠物可以给你们俩上一些重要的课。)”贴合主题，与前文构成转折关系，在句意上也引领了后文，符合分析。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据后文“Give yur child a sense f respnsibility by having them help meet these needs, whether they feel like it that day r nt.(让你的孩子帮助满足这些需求，让他们有责任感，无论他们当天是否愿意。)”中提及的“these needs”可推知，设空句应是提及了宠物们的需求。选项F“All pets need t be fed, given fresh water, and exercised regularly.(所有的宠物都需要喂食、饮用淡水和定期锻炼。)”阐述了具体的需求，且“need”符合词汇复现原则。故选F项。
【18题详解】
前文“If yu’ve ever been frced t keep up with a yung dg r cat, yu knw hw tiring it can be!(如果你曾经被迫跟上一只年幼的狗或猫，你就知道这有多累!)”提及“你”已经知道饲养宠物的劳累，后文“By encuraging yur child t play with his r her pet, bth f them will get the exercise they need t sleep sundly and live healthy and happy lives.(通过鼓励你的孩子和他或她的宠物一起玩耍，他们两个都会得到所需的锻炼，从而睡得安稳，过上健康快乐的生活。)”则讲到“你”可以利用这种“劳累”和“锻炼”帮助孩子睡得好，且保持健康和快乐，由此可推知，设空句应是转折句。选项D“But yu can use the pet’s energy t yur advantage.(但你可以利用宠物的能量)”为转折句，在句意上“advantage”呼应后文“sleep sund and live healthy and happy lives”，符合分析。故选D项。
【19题详解】
设空为该段小标题，应是主旨句。根据后文关键词“an essential first step tward develping lifelng empathy fr thers(这是培养终身对他人的同理心必不可少的第一步)”，“Learning hw t be a gd friend with a pet will teach ne hw t be mre pen and friendly t ther peple as well.(学习如何与宠物成为好朋友，也会教会一个人如何对他人更加开放和友好。)”可知，该部分主要强调了饲养宠物有助于帮助孩子友好对待他人。选项A“Treat thers well.(善待他人。)”贴合该段主旨。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据该段小标题“Be practical.(实事求是。)”可知，该段强调饲养宠物的客观事实，因此，设空句应涉及“事实”，且对比前文讲到的好处，那么设空句应讲到“不好”。选项E“Als, sme pets can be very aggressive with children.(此外，一些宠物对孩子也很有攻击性。)”讲述了宠物有可能具有攻击性这一事实，符合分析。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I’ve had a string f bad luck lately. Last week my washing machine brke. I planned t fix it myself but sn ____21____ the repairs wuld cst mre than a new ne wuld. Then this week the ____22____ thing happened t my daughter’s washing machine! This time I ____23____ called a friend t help. Once again, hwever, it was brken beynd ____24____. I ended up having t ____25____ tw. While bth the new machines gt delivered quickly, I still ____26____ abut what I was ging thrugh in my heart.
The mment I did, my ____27____ traveled back t when I was a child, I saw my grandma ____28____ an ld-fashined washing machine with my jeans and shirts. It didn’t have a spin dryer (甩干机) inside s she had t put each item thrugh a pair f rllers t ____29____the water. When the washing was dne, she’d ften pat the machine ____30____. She had grwn up hand-washing clthes and was ____31____ fr the machine that did s much f the wrk fr her.
Remembering this helped me realize that I was lking at things in the ____32____ way. I was getting ____33____ in the incnveniences f mdern life instead f being thankful fr all I have. The gd ld days had their share f ____34____ and jys. And s d the gd new days. What ____35____ is hw we live them and what we can learn frm them.
21. A. regrettedB. rememberedC. deniedD. appreciated
22. A. usualB. sameC. funnyD. amazing
23. A. evenB. stillC. everD. already
24. A. recgnitinB. cntrlC. repairD. cmpare
25. A. sellB. rderC. returnD. fix
26. A. liedB. caredC. cmplainedD. argued
27. A. memryB. dreamC. dubtD. fear
28. A. cveringB. decratingC. ladingD. equipping
29. A. purifyB. remveC. hldD. absrb
30. A. firmlyB. hurriedlyC. wildlyD. lvingly
31. A. gratefulB. eagerC. srryD. respnsible
32. A. idealB. prperC. wrngD. traditinal
33. A. carried awayB. caught upC. turned dwnD. taken ver
34. A. purpsesB. dutiesC. excusesD. struggles
35. A. mattersB. remainsC. wrksD. happens
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过自己的经历告诉我们，要对所拥有的一切心存感激，且重要的是我们如何生活，以及我们能从中学到什么。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我本打算自己修，但很快就明白了修理比买一个新的要贵。A. regretted遗憾；B. remembered记得；C. denied否认；D. appreciated明白。根据下文“the repairs wuld cst mre than a new ne wuld(修理比买一个新的要贵得多)”可知，此处指作者很快“明白了”这个道理。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后这周同样的事情发生在我女儿的洗衣机上！A. usual通常的；B. same相同的；C. funny有趣的；D. amazing令人惊讶的。根据下文“my daughter’s washing machine(我女儿的洗衣机)”可知，此处指“同样的”事情发生在女儿的洗衣机上。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这次我甚至叫了一个朋友来帮忙。A. even甚至；B. still仍旧；C. ever曾经；D. already已经。根据下文“called a friend t help(叫朋友来帮忙)”可知，此处用程度副词even表示“甚至”符合语境。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，它又一次坏得无法修理。A. recgnitin承认；B. cntrl控制；C. repair修理；D. cmpare比较。分析句意再根据空格前的beynd可知，此处用repair，构成固定短语beynd repair表示“无法修理”符合语境。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后我不得不预定了两个。A. sell卖；B. rder预订；C. return归还；D. fix修理。根据上文第4题的分析可知，洗衣机坏得无法修理，所以不得不预定两个新洗衣机。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然两台新机器都很快交付，但我仍然在抱怨我内心所经历的一切。A. lied平躺；B. cared照料；C. cmplained抱怨；D. argued争论。根据下文“what I was ging thrugh in my heart(我心里所经历的一切)”可知，此处指“抱怨”所经历的一切。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我这样做的时候，我的记忆回到了我小时候，我看到奶奶把我的牛仔裤和衬衫装进一台老式洗衣机里。A. memry记忆；B. dream梦想；C. dubt怀疑；D. fear恐惧。分析句意再根据空格后的traveled back可知，此处指“记忆”回到了小时候。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. cvering覆盖；B. decrating装饰；C. lading装进；D. equipping装备。根据下文jeans and shirts可知，此处指把牛仔裤和衬衫“装进”洗衣机。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：里面没有烘干机，所以她必须把每件东西通过一对滚轮来去除水分。A. purify净化；B. remve除去；C. hld抓住；D. absrb吸收。分析句意再根据空格后的the water可知，此处指用一对滚轮烘干衣服，即“除去”水分。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：洗完衣服后，她经常亲切地拍拍洗衣机。A. firmly牢固地；B. hurriedly匆忙地；C. wildly野生地；D. lvingly亲切地。根据下文“She had grwn up hand-washing clthes(她是手洗衣服长大的)”可知，奶奶对洗衣机应该是很爱护的，所以此处指“亲切地”拍拍洗衣机。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她从小就手洗衣服，很感激这台洗衣机为她做了这么多工作。A. grateful感激的；B. eager渴望的；C. srry抱歉的；D. respnsible负责的。根据下文“the machine that did s much f the wrk fr her(那台替她干了很多活的机器)”可知，洗衣机干了很多活儿，所以此处指奶奶很“感激”这台洗衣机。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：记住这一点，我意识到我看待问题的方式是错误的。A. ideal理想的；B. prper合适的；C. wrng错误的；D. traditinal传统的。根据下文“instead f being thankful fr(而不是感激)”可知，此处指以一种“错误的”方式看待问题。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我被现代生活的种种不便所困，而没有对我所拥有的一切心存感激。A. carried away带走；B. caught up困住；C. turned dwn拒绝；D. taken ver接管。分析句意再根据空格后的in可知，此处用固定短语caught up in表示“被困在”种种不便中。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：过去的美好时光有艰难，也有欢乐。A. purpses目的；B. duties职责；C. excuses借口；D. struggles斗争。根据上文第6题的分析和文章第二段中作者对小时候的回忆可知，过去的时光中有“艰难”也有快乐。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：重要的是我们如何生活，以及我们能从中学到什么。A. matters要紧，有关系；B. remains留下；C. wrks起作用；D. happens发生。分析句意再根据下文的“hw we live(我们如何生活)”可知，此处指“重要的是”我们如何生活。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Smart cities may have their wn unique bjectives but ____36____ they have in cmmn is an understanding that Internet f Things technlgies can imprve efficiency and quality f life.
Indeed, smart city apps have shwn they can help a city cntain the spread f a pandemic (大流 行病), helping t turn the ecnmy frm decrease t ____37____ (grw). We have seen sme smart city apps in many parts f China.
A ppular payment app in China has develped a smart system which ____38____(call) the Health Cde. It uses red yellw, r green symbls ____39____ (identify) whether a persn is ptentially a high- risk candidate. The smart system began as ne f the functins f the payment app, a functin which was ____40____(riginal) intended fr the app’s staff in China, and later develped as a natinal standard functin in sme ppular apps. Nw the smart system, the Health Cde, has a new functin which ____41____ (indicate) whether a persn can enter public places thrugh analyzing the data ____42____ (cllect) t see whether that persn has had cntact with thse wh have picked up a pandemic disease. The Health Cde has avided the need t ver-tighten scial distancing measures that culd result ____43____ a huge ecnmic lss while at the same time picking ut pssible infectin ____44____ (case), and it’s managed t reduce infectin rates in cities _____45_____ it has been used.
【答案】36. what
37. grwth 38. is called
39. t identify
40. riginally
41. indicates
42. cllected
43. in 44. cases
45. where
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了中国开发的一款名为“健康码”的智能系统。
【36题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：智慧城市可能有自己独特的目标，但它们的共同点是都理解物联网技术可以提高效率和生活质量。分析可知，此处引导主语从句，从句中动词缺少宾语，应用连接代词what引导，指代事物，作动词have的宾语。故填what。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：事实上，智能城市应用程序已经证明，它们可以帮助城市控制大流行的传播，帮助经济从衰退转向增长。根据前文frm decrease t可知，此处应用名词grwth(不可数)作介词的宾语。故填grwth。
【38题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：中国一款流行的支付应用开发了一款名为“健康码”的智能系统。本句描述客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语动词call和主语之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。定语从句中的主语which指代单数名词，主谓一致，故填is called。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它使用红色、黄色或绿色的符号来识别一个人是否是潜在的高风险候选人。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，use sth t d sth是习惯用法。故填t identify。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：该智能系统最初是支付应用程序的功能之一，该功能最初是为中国应用程序的工作人员设计的，后来在一些流行的应用程序中发展成为国家标准功能。修饰动词用副词。故填riginally。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：现在智能系统“健康码”增加了一项新功能，即通过分析收集到的数据，判断此人是否与传染病患者有过接触，从而判断此人是否可以进入公共场所。根据句意可知，本句描述客观事实，用一般现在时。定语从句中的主语which指代单数名词a new functin，主谓一致，故填indicates。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：现在智能系统“健康码”增加了一项新功能，即通过分析收集到的数据，判断此人是否与传染病患者有过接触，从而判断此人是否可以进入公共场所。非谓语动词cllect和前文名词data之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填cllected。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：《卫生法典》避免了过度收紧可能导致巨大经济损失的社会距离措施，同时挑选出可能的感染病例，并成功降低了使用该法典的城市的感染率。result in“导致，结果是”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填in。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：《卫生法典》避免了过度收紧可能导致巨大经济损失的社会距离措施，同时挑选出可能的感染病例，并成功降低了使用该法典的城市的感染率。根据句意可知，此处可数名词case为复数概念，零冠词可数名词复数表泛指。故填cases。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：《卫生法典》避免了过度收紧可能导致巨大经济损失的社会距离措施，同时挑选出可能的感染病例，并成功降低了使用该法典的城市的感染率。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为cities，关系副词where引导从句，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。你校开设了乒乓球培训班，请给来自加拿大的交换生Jeff写封邮件邀请他一起参加，内容包括：
1. 写信目的;
2. 课程安排;
3. 报名方式。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jeff,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jeff,
T enrich ur schl life, a table tennis training class is pened in ur schl. I’m mre than delighted t invite yu t cme and jin us.
As scheduled, the class will last a semester, starting frm March 3. There will be ne class at 4 pm every Friday with a perid f 45 minutes. Besides, the class is suitable fr students f different levels. Anyne wh is interested in it can sign up in Rm 304 befre Feb. 25. S dn’t miss the deadline!
I d hpe yu can cme and enjy the charm f playing table tennis. Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用写一封邀请信，邀请交换生Jeff参加乒乓球培训班，内容包括：写信目的、课程安排和报名方式。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted → pleased
此外：besides → what’s mre
学期：semester→term
不同的：different→ varius
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I d hpe yu can cme and enjy the charm f playing table tennis.
拓展句：I d hpe yu can attend the class where yu will enjy the charm f playing table tennis.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Anyne wh is interested in it can sign up in Rm 304 befre Feb. 25.（运用了wh引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】As scheduled, the class will last a semester, starting frm March 3. （运用了省略句和非谓语动词作状语）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sam, Wayne and Tim were three men in their 60s, jamming in the same dusty ld garage where they used t play music when they were in high schl. They chatted up after ages, remembering the schl days when they wuld take t the stage and play tgether as a band.
Wayne lked arund, wide-eyed. “It’s been mre than 40 years since we practised here.”
“Yes! And remember hw we prmised t keep in tuch and play tgether nce a week?” Tim laughed. “Sam, remember ur brilliant plans?”
“Ah yes! We thught we were inseparable! Nw, lk at us! Old and wrinkled, jints hurting, meeting at each ther’s grandkids’ weddings… we’re terrible at keeping in tuch, except Will, f curse. He was always calling and messaging. Where is Will? He’s the guy wh planned this,” Sam smiled.
Just then, the three men’s phnes buzzed (嗡嗡地响), and the message they received made their hearts sink. It was a message frm Jenny, Will’s wife. Wayne rushed t his car, and the thers fllwed. A shrt drive later, the three men kncked n the dr f Will’s huse and tried t wait patiently.
Jenny lked almst unrecgnizably pale and tld them that Will was taking a nap. The medicines made him all weak. It mved the three men t tears t see their furth band member in such pr health.
And that day, they fund ut the whle stry f Will’s illness. Will’s heart cnditin was serius, and it had been wrsening ver the past few mnths. The dctr said nly a surgery culd help. But it was ging t cst at least $15,000. And after all the previus treatments, Will and Jenny didn’t have that kind f mney anymre. Jenny said the dctrs had given Will 6 mnths, bursting int helpless tears. The three men cmfrted her and wiped their wn tears. “Mney isn’t an issue,” Sam said as an idea came t him.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next day the three men brught their instruments t the busy street crner.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Will was finally admitted t hspital three mnths later.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The next day the three men brught their instruments t the busy street crner. They set up the sund, a stand with the band name “Playing fr Will” and a big stack f flyers t hand ut. The men std there fr hurs, playing sng after sng frm the glden era f music. They were still perfect tgether, except fr Will’s sulful vice that was missing. Althugh they were very busy, they were very happy t think f cllecting mney fr Will.
Will was finally admitted t hspital three mnths later. With enugh mney, they paid fr Will’s life-saving surgery. The dctrs were highly qualified and the surgery was very successful. Will sn recvered smthly. Will and Jenny were very grateful t their three friends. After that, there was anther jamming sessin at the same dusty ld garage. Only this time, there weren’t just three happy ld men reminiscing the ld days; there were all fur. It seemed like yesterday nce mre.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个原有四人的乐队，队员们都60多岁了。其中三个人Sam、Wayne和Tim得知Will生病了，并且没有经济能力做康复手术。他们三个人想办法，搞了演唱募捐活动，救助Will的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天，三个人带着他们的乐器来到繁忙的街角。”可知，第一段可描写三个人进行募捐活动。
②由第二段首句内容“三个月后，Will终于住进了医院。”可知，第二段可描写Will得到成功救助，他们又一起相聚。
2.续写线索：设置场地——演唱——快乐——支付——康复——感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.设置：set up/put up
②.康复：recver/recure
情绪类
①.快乐：happy/delighted
②. 感谢：shw their gratitude/be grateful
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. The men std there fr hurs, playing sng after sng frm the glden era f music. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]. Althugh they were very busy, they were very happy t think f cllecting mney fr Will. (由althugh引导的让步状语从句及动名词作宾语)
听力答案：1-5 BCAAC 6-10 ACBCA 11-15 BACAB 16-20 BABCB