福建省福州市2023_2024学年高一英语上学期期末质量检测试题含解析

这是一份福建省福州市2023_2024学年高一英语上学期期末质量检测试题含解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B．$75等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What will the wman prbably d tnight?
A．G t a shw. B．Review her lessns. C．Visit her histry teacher.
2．Hw much did the wman pay?
A．$60. B．$75. C．$90.
3．What des the wman suggest the man d?
A．Catch a later flight.
B．Ask fr a wake-up service.
C．G t bed earlier tnight.
4．What des the man mean?
A．Only students can brrw reference bks.
B．The library is shrt f reference bks.
C．Reference bks are nt fr lending.
5．What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A．Why the man teaches English.
B．What language the man uses in class
C．Hw the man learned a freign language.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7 题。
6．Which place is Sally interested in?
A．The Lndn Eye. B．The Thames. C．The Cvent Garden.
7．What des the wman prbably want t d during the trip?
A．G bating. B．See animals. C．Visit museums.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What des the wman have truble ding every day?
A．Ding shpping. B．Ding cleaning. C．Ding washing.
9．Where des the cnversatin take place prbably?
A．At a supermarket. B．At a nursing hme. C．At the wman’s huse.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Why did Vivian and her friends have t wait fr a table?
A．They didn’t reserve ne.
B．They wanted a bigger ne.
C．They bked ne fr the wrng time.
11．What did Vivian like best abut her meal?
A．The sup. B．The fish. C．The chicken.
12．What happened t Vivian and her friends in the end?
A．They sent the wrng dish back.
B．They spent an hur checking the bill.
C．They paid less mney fr the meal.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Wh is the man ging t play glf with?
A．The wman. B．His wrkmates. C．His schlmates.
14．What will the wman d this Friday?
A．Take sme curses. B．Take part in a tryut. C．D sprts at a schl gym.
15．What d we knw abut the man?
A．He isn’t gd at basketball.
B．He jins a basketball team.
C．He prefers ding exercise in the gym.
16．What des the wman think f playing basketball?
A．Tiring. B．Challenging. C．Helpful.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．When did Elizabeth mve t New Yrk?
A．In 1821. B．In 1831. C．In 1849.
18．Hw did Elizabeth make mney fr her study?
A．By wrking as a music teacher.
B．By teaching at a medical schl.
C．By playing guitar in a band.
19．What happened t Elizabeth at the age f 28?
A．She returned t Philadelphia.
B．She was accepted by a dctr.
C．She graduated frm medical schl.
20．What was ne f Elizabeth’s cntributins?
A．She fught hard fr wmen’s right.
B．She helped train many wmen dctrs.
C．She set up the first hspital in the wrld.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Frm beehives (蜂箱) n rftps t mini-frests, creative ideas are bringing nature int cities, all arund the wrld. Here are sme examples.
Liverpl, England
A living wall is hw Liverpl has made rm fr nature in its busy city center. Built in 2020, Liverpl’s living wall has been planted with 14,000 evergreens t help trap sme f the pllutin prduced by the city’s nearby bus statin. In 2021, anther measure was taken. Tw rftp beehives were fixed fr 40,000 bees t live in. There has been a great increase in the bee ppulatin and imprvement f the cmmunity’s eclgy (生态) in the fllwing years.
Singapre, Sutheast Asia
Singapre is determined t be “a city in nature”. In February 2021 the city-state annunced its “Green Plan 2030” — t make the city as cntinual and nature-inclusive as pssible. Singapre already has ver 400 parks and fur nature reserves and by 2026 this will increase t 300 hectares (公顷). They prmise by 2030 n family shuld be mre than a ten-minute walk frm a green space.
Seul, Suth Krea and Izmir, Turkey
In Suth Krea, Seul has planted a frest t lwer city temperatures by 3 t 7℃. The Turkish city f Izmir is hping t reduce pllutin with the Mavisehir Peynirciglu Stream Eclgical Crridr (河流生态走廊),
Curitiba Brazil
Curitiba, Brazil, has been wrking twards an ec-friendly mdel since the 1970s and city planners made the well-being f peple their main cncern. In the face f an increasing ppulatin, adding natural relaxatin spaces and encuraging recycling practices has becme a key part f city planning. The gvernment’s frestatin plan has seen the planting f many trees in public areas. Ten “mini-frests” have als been established, making use f smaller areas where larger plantatins are impssible.
1. What is the purpse f a living wall?
A. T reduce pllutin.B. T fix beehives.
C. T trap bee ppulatin.D. T plant evergreens.
2. What des Singapre prmise by 2030?
A. Increased space fr parks.B. Easier reach f green areas.
C. Cntinual grwth f the city.D. Greater area f nature reserves.
3. Which f the fllwing succeeds in greening smaller spaces?
A. Singapre.B. Curitiba.C. Seul.D. Izmir.
4. What is the shared gal f these prjects?
A. T reduce lcal pllutin.B. T prvide relaxatin spaces.
C. T lwer city temperatures.D. T imprve living envirnment.
5. Which is the best title f the text?
A. Creative Ideas: Wrking TgetherB. Prmises Cming True
C. Nature Reserves: Mre CmingD. Cities Turning Green
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界各地的城市引入自然，改善生活环境的创新想法和实践。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Liverpl, England中“Built in 2020, Liverpl’s living wall has been planted with 14,000 evergreens t help trap sme f the pllutin prduced by the city’s nearby bus statin. (利物浦的绿色墙建于2020年，种植了1.4万棵常青树，以帮助捕获该市附近公交车站产生的一些污染)”可知，绿色墙的用处是减少污染。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Singapre, Sutheast Asia中“They prmise by 2030 n family shuld be mre than a ten-minute walk frm a green space. (他们承诺，到2030年，每个家庭距离绿色空间的步行距离将超过10分钟)”可知，新加坡承诺到2030年居民可以更容易到达绿色区域。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Curitiba, Brazil中“Ten “mini-frests” have als been established, making use f smaller areas where larger plantatins are impssible. (还建立了10个“迷你森林”，利用不可能建造大型种植园的较小地区)”可知，巴西的库里提巴成功做到了绿化小空间。故选B项。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据Liverpl, England中“t help trap sme f the pllutin prduced by the city’s nearby bus statin (以帮助捕获该市附近公交车站产生的一些污染)”和“There has been a great increase in the bee ppulatin and imprvement f the cmmunity’s eclgy (生态) in the fllwing years. (在接下来的几年里，蜜蜂的数量有了很大的增加，社区的生态也得到了改善)”、Singapre, Sutheast Asia中“t make the city as cntinual and nature-inclusive as pssible (使城市尽可能地具有连续性和自然包容性)”、Seul, Suth Krea and Izmir, Turkey中“t lwer city temperatures by 3 t 7℃ (使城市温度降低3到7℃)”和“t reduce pllutin (减少污染)”以及Curitiba, Brazil中“city planners made the well-being f peple their main cncern (城市规划者把人民的福祉作为他们主要关心的问题)”可知，这些项目的共同的目标是优化生态情况，改善生活环境。故选D项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Frm beehives (蜂箱) n rftps t mini-frests, creative ideas are bringing nature int cities, all arund the wrld. (从屋顶上的蜂箱到迷你森林，创新的想法将自然带入世界各地的城市)”可知，文章是在介绍世界各地的城市引入自然，改善生活环境的创新想法和实践。因此，D项“城市在变绿”契合文章中介绍的各种想法和实践，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。
B
On hliday, many will find themselves in places where they d nt speak the language. Once upn a time, they might have carried a phrasebk. But nw, many simple, free apps are gd news fr thse travelers. With these apps’ cnversatin mde, peple talk int a phne and a spken translatin is heard mments later. Maybe the best-knwn app is Ggle Translate, thugh small mistakes can happen due t its wrd-fr-wrd translatin.
Surprisingly, the best tl may nt be a translatin app at all. Thugh nt marketed fr that, ChatGPT, a generative AI system, can write messages in different languages, prducing natural utput like a native speaker.
As AI translatin becmes an even mre ppular labur-saving tl, sciety may divide int tw grups. There will be thse wh want t fully experience ther cultures. This grup will still take n language study, ften aided by technlgy. Others will lk at learning a new language with a different attitude: “Gd fr yu, if that’s yur thing, but a bit painful fr my taste.” After all, mst peple d nt mve abrad r ften have cntact with a freign culture. On their hliday, they just want a beer and spaghetti (意大利面).
As a result, sme experts are cncerned that AI is leading t a decreasing interest in language learning. Writer Duglas Hfstadter has argued that smething meaningful will disappear when peple cmmunicate thrugh machines. He describes giving a discnnected, difficult speech in Chinese, which required a lt f wrk but ffered a sense f achievement at the end. Wh wuld bast f (吹嘘) taking a helicpter t the tp f Munt Everest (珠穆朗玛峰)?
While AI translatin seems practical, we must recgnize the scial nature f language. When trying t ask directins in brken Japanese r make a jke in awkward German, yu are making direct cntact with smene. The best relatinships d nt require a third party.
6. Which f the fllwing best describes translatin apps?
A. Free but hard t use.B. Ppular but expensive.
C. Quick but with mistakes.D. Easy t use but slw.
7. What des the underlined wrd “that” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Cnversatin.B. Language learning.C. Message writing.D. Translatin.
8. Why des the writer mentin “beer and spaghetti” in paragraph 3?
A. T present an pinin.B. T supprt a fact.C. T make an excuse.D. T give a reasn.
9. What can be inferred frm Duglas Hfstadter’s pinin?
A. Reaching Munt Everest is quite easy.
B. Learning a freign language is less attractive.
C. Talking withut the help f technlgy is wrthwhile.
D. Making a speech in anther language is t challenging.
10. What is the scial nature f language?
A. Direct cnnectin with peple.B. Brken but funny translatin.
C. Awkward relatins between peple.D. Cmmunicatin with the third party.
【答案】6. C 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了翻译应用程序的特点以及如今人工智能成为一种更受欢迎的节省劳动力的工具，社会可能会分成两派。因此，一些专家担心人工智能会导致人们对语言学习的兴趣下降。对此，作者认为虽然人工智能翻译看起来很实用，但我们必须认识到语言的社会性质。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“With these apps’ cnversatin mde, peple talk int a phne and a spken translatin is heard mments later. Maybe the best-knwn app is Ggle Translate, thugh small mistakes can happen due t its wrd-fr-wrd translatin.(有了这些应用程序的对话模式，人们对着电话说话，一会儿就能听到语音翻译。也许最著名的应用程序是谷歌翻译，尽管它的逐字翻译可能会出现一些小错误)”可推知，翻译应用快速但有时会有错误。故选C。
【7题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Surprisingly, the best tl may nt be a translatin app at all.(令人惊讶的是，最好的工具可能根本不是翻译应用程序)”以及后文“ChatGPT, a generative AI system, can write messages in different languages, prducing natural utput like a native speaker (ChatGPT是一个生成型人工智能系统，可以用不同的语言编写信息，像母语人士一样产生自然输出)”可知，ChatGPT是一种生成式人工智能系统，尽管没有被宣传有翻译功能，它还是可以用不同的语言编写信息，像母语人士一样自然地说话，故that指的是“翻译”。故选D。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“After all, mst peple d nt mve abrad r ften have cntact with a freign culture. On their hliday, they just want a beer and spaghetti (意大利面).(毕竟，大多数人不会移居国外，也不会经常接触外国文化。度假时，他们只想要一杯啤酒和意大利面)”可推知，作者在第三段提到“啤酒和意大利面”是为了支持上文提到的大多数人不会移居国外，也不会经常接触外国文化的事实。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Writer Duglas Hfstadter has argued that smething meaningful will disappear when peple cmmunicate thrugh machines. He describes giving a discnnected, difficult speech in Chinese, which required a lt f wrk but ffered a sense f achievement at the end. Wh wuld bast f (吹嘘) taking a helicpter t the tp f Munt Everest (珠穆朗玛峰)?(作家Duglas Hfstadter认为，当人们通过机器进行交流时，一些有意义的东西将消失。他描述了用中文做一个断断续续、困难的演讲，这需要大量的工作，但最后会有一种成就感。谁会夸耀自己曾乘坐直升机登上珠穆朗玛峰？)”可知，根据Duglas Hfstadter的观点，没有技术帮助的谈话是值得的。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“While AI translatin seems practical, we must recgnize the scial nature f language. When trying t ask directins in brken Japanese r make a jke in awkward German, yu are making direct cntact with smene. The best relatinships d nt require a third party. (虽然人工智能翻译看起来很实用，但我们必须认识到语言的社会性质。当你试图用蹩脚的日语问路或用笨拙的德语讲笑话时，你是在与某人直接接触。最好的关系不需要第三者)”可知，语言的社会本质是与人直接联系。故选A。
C
Skill f cpying and mving images nt paper is an art frm shining in histry, Zha Xu reprts. Rubbing, the tracing (描摹) f characters nt a piece f paper, reached its glden age during the Sng Dynasty (960-1279).
T d this, a thin piece f paper was placed ver the surface f the stne tablet (石板) carved with characters. Then water, r later, ink, was applied smthly t the back f the paper with just the right amunt f pressure, t sften the paper and allw fr a ttal mving f the details nt it. The paper was left t dry and then be lifted ff the stne surface, carrying with it a cpy f the riginal (原作).
Repeated hundreds f thusands f times during the Sng era, this hands-n skill enabled educated members f Sng sciety t have a chance t learn frm master calligraphic wrks either frm their wn times r frm earlier dynasties. Oftentimes, the riginal calligraphy, r even its stne versin, became lst ver time, thus making the rubbings the nly surviving cpy f the masterwrks that had nce existed. In that sense, the Sng rubbings, and thse behind them; have helped t preserve a cultural relic much valued then and nw.
Nw, art lvers have the chance t visit it at an exhibitin (展览) held at Beijing’s Palace Museum themed the Sng rubbings. Of the 40 pieces n shw, 20 are drawn frm the cllectin f the Palace Museum, which hlds a ttal f 150 Sng rubbings. The ther half are lent fr the first time by the Art Museum f the Chinese University f Hng Kng (CUHK), whse cllectin f rubbings were dnated by J. S. Lee.
“What we have here is nt just a shwcase f the beauty f ink and paper the art f calligraphy, carving and rubbing, but als the telling f stries shining in cultural pride and cmmn spirit,” said Wang Xudng, directr f the Palace Museum.
11. What d we knw abut rubbing?
A. There were five steps t make a rubbing.B. It mved characters frm paper t a stne.
C. It was well develped in the Sng Dynasty.D. Pressure was applied t the paper t smth it.
12. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. The develpment f rubbing.B. The imprtance f rubbing.
C. The prcess f rubbing.D. The lss f rubbing.
13. What des paragraph 4 suggest?
A. Altgether there are 150 rubbings n shw.
B. Twenty f the rubbings were dnated by CUHK.
C. Surces f the exhibits are frm tw rganizatins.
D. 190 Sng rubbings are hused in the Palace Museum nw.
14. Hw des Wang Xudng feel abut the exhibitin?
A. Prud.B. Shcked.C. Thankful.D. Wrried.
15. Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A. A research paper.B. A brchure.
C. A guidebk t a museum.D. A sectin f a newspaper.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拓印技术，说明了这种技术的历史以及重要性等知识。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Rubbing, the tracing (描摹) f characters nt a piece f paper, reached its glden age during the Sng Dynasty (960-1279). (拓印，即在纸上描画文字，在宋朝（960-1279）达到了鼎盛时期。)”可知，拓印在宋代得到了很好的发展。故选C。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Repeated hundreds f thusands f times during the Sng era, this hands-n skill enabled educated members f Sng sciety t have a chance t learn frm master calligraphic wrks either frm their wn times r frm earlier dynasties. Oftentimes, the riginal calligraphy, r even its stne versin, became lst ver time, thus making the rubbings the nly surviving cpy f the masterwrks that had nce existed. In that sense, the Sng rubbings, and thse behind them; have helped t preserve a cultural relic much valued then and nw. (在宋朝，这种实践技能重复了数十万次，使宋朝社会受过教育的成员有机会学习自己时代或早期朝代的书法大师作品。通常情况下，原始的书法，甚至它的石头版本，随着时间的推移而丢失，因此，这些拓片是曾经存在的大师作品的唯一幸存的副本。从这个意义上说，宋朝拓片及其背后的拓片；帮助保护了一件当时和现在都很有价值的文物。)”可知，第三段的主要内容是拓印的重要性。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Of the 40 pieces n shw,20 are drawn frm the cllectin f the Palace Museum, which hlds a ttal f 150 Sng rubbings. The ther half are lent fr the first time by the Art Museum f the Chinese University f Hng Kng (CUHK), whse cllectin f rubbings were dnated by J. S. Lee. (在展出的40件作品中，有20件来自故宫博物院的藏品，故宫博物院共收藏了150件宋朝拓片。另一半则由香港中文大学艺术馆首次出借，该馆的拓片收藏是由J. S. Lee捐赠的。)”可推知，第4段暗示了展品的来源来自两个组织。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““What we have here is nt just a shwcase f the beauty f ink and paper, the art f calligraphy, carving and rubbing, but als the telling f stries shining in cultural pride and cmmn spirit,” said Wang Xudng, directr f the Palace Museum. (故宫博物院院长王旭东表示：“我们在这里不仅展示了水墨之美、书法、雕刻和拓印艺术，还讲述了文化自豪感和共同精神的故事。”)”可推知，王旭东对这次展览感到骄傲。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Skill f cpying and mving images nt paper is an art frm shining in histry, Zha Xu reprts. Rubbing, the tracing (描摹) f characters nt a piece f paper, reached its glden age during the Sng Dynasty (960-1279). (赵旭报道，将图像复制并移动到纸上的技术是一种历史上闪耀的艺术形式。拓印，即在纸上描画文字，在宋朝（960-1279）达到了鼎盛时期。)”结合文章主要介绍了拓印技术，说明了这种技术的历史以及重要性等知识。可推知，文章可能选自报纸的部分内容。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We all want t keep fit and stay healthy, but a few things may prevent it: laziness, a busy schedule, and maybe even a limited spend. ___16___. Yu can even make a bit f mney n a few f these activities.
Babysit.
If yu have yur wn kids, yu’ll prbably agree that lking after kids can help keep yu fit. If yu dn’t, yu can experience the wnderful wrld f tddlerhd by vlunteering r signing up fr a babysitting jb. The best ages t babysit are thse tddler years (2 thrugh 5). Why? ___17___.
Care fr yur yard.
___18___. Wrk n yur yard all year lng and yu’ll have mre than yur heart ging — best exercise f all is t push that lawnmwer (除草机) arund especially if yu have a large lawn. Or even better, put in yur wn waste water system. All that digging shuld be great fr upper bdy strength and patience.
___19___.
Have yu checked yur strerm, basement and kitchen lately? Well, mving small items frm their strage areas and turning them int bxes fr sale, dnatin pick-ups r just further strage will get yur bld exciting. Even just pushing arund a dust cleaner, r sweeping yur garage flr shuld il yur jints (关节).
Use smene else’s sprts r exercise equipment (设备).
Have yu checked under yur bed lately? All arund the natin, there is a fld f unused exercise equipment sitting arund in garages and hiding in spare rms and basements. ___20___— if nt at yur wn hme, they culd be sitting smewhere in a friend’s r relative’s hme, sadly unused. It may be a gd idea t reuse them.
A. Be yur wn gardener
B. Vlunteer r get active wrk
C. Clean ut r rganize yur huse
D. Actually there are sme free ways t mve yur bdy!
E. Yu culd have these things right under yur very nse.
F. It desn’t really take much t get yurself int better shape.
G. In that case, yu have t carry, lift, run and fllw them arund all day.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. A 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些经济实惠锻炼身体的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“We all want t keep fit and stay healthy, but a few things may prevent it: laziness, a busy schedule, and maybe even a limited spend.(我们都想保持健康，但有些事情可能会阻止它：懒惰，繁忙的日程，甚至可能是有限的消费)”以及后文“Yu can even make a bit f mney n a few f these activities.(你甚至可以在其中的一些活动中赚到一些钱)”可知，上文提到了有限消费阻止我们保持健康，后文则提到了从中赚钱，由此可知，本句是在说明有一些经济实惠的运动方法。故D选项“其实有一些免费的方式来运动你的身体！”符合语境，故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文“If yu have yur wn kids, yu’ll prbably agree that lking after kids can help keep yu fit. If yu dn’t, yu can experience the wnderful wrld f tddlerhd by vlunteering r signing up fr a babysitting jb. The best ages t babysit are thse tddler years (2 thrugh 5). Why?(如果你有自己的孩子，你可能会同意照顾孩子可以帮助你保持健康。如果你没有，你可以通过志愿或报名做保姆的工作来体验幼儿时代的美好世界。照顾孩子的最佳年龄是蹒跚学步的时候（2到5岁）。为什么？)”可知，上文提到了通过照顾孩子来锻炼，且设问了why，故本句回答上文“为什么？”，说明了照顾孩子是如何锻炼的。故G选项“在这种情况下，你必须整天拿、提、跑、跟着他们”符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Wrk n yur yard all year lng and yu’ll have mre than yur heart ging — best exercise f all is t push that lawnmwer (除草机) arund especially if yu have a large lawn. Or even better, put in yur wn waste water system. All that digging shuld be great fr upper bdy strength and patience.(在你的院子里工作一整年，你会有更多的心脏——最好的锻炼是推割草机，特别是如果你有一个大草坪。或者更好的是，安装你自己的废水系统。所有的挖掘都应该对上半身的力量和耐心有很大的帮助)”可知，本段的建议是通过照顾院子来进行锻炼，即从事园艺活动锻炼。故A选项“做你自己的园丁”符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据本段内容“Have yu checked yur strerm, basement and kitchen lately? Well, mving small items frm their strage areas and turning them int bxes fr sale, dnatin pick-ups r just further strage will get yur bld exciting. Even just pushing arund a dust cleaner, r sweeping yur garage flr shuld il yur jints (关节).(你最近检查过你的储藏室、地下室和厨房吗？嗯，把小物件从储藏区搬出来，把它们变成盒子出售，捐赠拾取或只是进一步储存会让你的血液兴奋起来。即使只是推着吸尘器，或者扫地车库地板，也应该给关节抹油)”提到了检查过你的储藏室、地下室和厨房、把小物件从储藏区搬出来、推着吸尘器，或者扫地车库地板，这些都是打扫房屋的举动。由此可知，此处是建议通过打扫或整理房子进行锻炼。故C选项“打扫或整理你的房子”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“All arund the natin, there is a fld f unused exercise equipment sitting arund in garages and hiding in spare rms and basements.(在全国各地，有大量闲置的健身器材堆放在车库里，或者藏在空房间和地下室里)”以及后文“if nt at yur wn hme, they culd be sitting smewhere in a friend’s r relative’s hme, sadly unused (如果不是在你自己家里，它们可能坐在朋友或亲戚家里的某个地方，遗憾的是没有使用过)”可知，前后文表明健身器材就在我们周围，等待我们去发现。故E选项“这些东西就在你眼皮底下”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I am ften asked hw I learned t speak Chinese fluently. ___21___, as a native English speaker, learning t speak in tnes was the ___22___ part abut learning Chinese fr me. T ___23___ the tnes, I lived in Shanghai fr 6 mnths. Once I wanted t buy a ___24___ fr my mther. Unluckily, the wrds fr “hrse” and “mther” are nly differentiated by a ___25___ tne. When I tld the stre clerk I wanted t buy a gift fr my“hrse”, she lked at me like I had lst my ___26___ . In the end, she ___27___ what I was trying t say, but it was a bit f a struggle. After that, I learned the ___28___ between the tw tnes.
After returning t England, I bught a web camera and fund myself a language ___29___by ging t ichinese.cm, where I met a native speaker willing t help me learn Chinese. Tgether, we ___30___ speaking Chinese fr a few hurs per week. ___31___, I nt nly mastered my tnes but learned t speak mre ___32___, just like a native speaker.
In my ___33___, when studying Chinese in an English-speaking envirnment, my classmates and I ften made a ___34___ f the tnes when speaking t ne anther. In fact, in a Chinese-speaking envirnment, the ___35___ interactin is f great imprtance fr fluency, and it separates the amateurs (业余爱好者) frm the experts.
21.
A. HpefullyB. ActuallyC. SurprisinglyD. Similarly
22.
A. mainB. bestC. basicD. hardest
23.
A. learnB. matchC. lwerD. recrd
24.
A. hrseB. cameraC. giftD. dictinary
25.
A. sftB. frmalC. singleD. pleasant
26.
A. mindB. balanceC. interestD. cnfidence
27.
A. agreed withB. wrked utC. fcused nD. brught up
28.
A. clueB. differenceC. issueD. imprtance
29.
A. testB. learnerC. magazineD. partner
30.
A. suggestedB. cnsideredC. practicedD. avided
31.
AAs a ruleB. At timesC. As a resultD. At first
32.
A. fluentlyB. penlyC. meaningfullyD. slwly
33.
A. heartB. dreamC. pwerD. experience
34.
A. listB. messC. habitD. cllectin
35.
A. back-t-backB. eye-t-eyeC. knee-t-kneeD. face-t-face
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者学习中文的经历，作者认为学习中文最难的部分是区分音调，为此还发生了一个小误会。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，作为一个以英语为母语的人，对我来说学习汉语最难的部分是学会说话的声调。A. Hpefully有希望地；B. Actually实际上；C. Surprisingly惊人地；D. Similarly类似地。根据上文“I am ften asked hw I learned t speak Chinese fluently.”以及后文“abut learning Chinese fr me”可知，作者虽然如今汉语说得很流利了，但是实际上也遇到过困难。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，作为一个以英语为母语的人，对我来说学习汉语最难的部分是学会说话的声调。A. main主要的；B. best最好的；C. basic基本的；D. hardest最难的。根据后文“part abut learning Chinese fr me”以及作者去商店买礼物，因为音调不同导致了误解，可知作者学习汉语最难的部分是学会说话的声调。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了学习这些声调，我在上海住了6个月。A. learn学习；B. match匹配；C. lwer降低；D. recrd记录。根据后文“the tnes, I lived in Shanghai fr 6 mnths”可知，作者去上海是为了学习声调。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我想给妈妈买一件礼物。A. hrse马；B. camera照相机；C. gift礼物；D. dictinary字典。根据后文“I wanted t buy a gift fr my “hrse””可知，作者想要母亲买礼物。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，“马”和“妈”这两个词只有一个音调的区别。A. sft柔软的；B. frmal正式的；C. single单个的；D. pleasant愉快的。根据上文““hrse” and “mther””以及常识，这两个词只有一个音调的区别。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉店员我想给我的“马”买礼物时，她看着我，好像我疯了一样。A. mind思维；B. balance平衡；C. interest兴趣；D. cnfidence自信。根据上文“I wanted t buy a gift fr my “hrse””可知，店员听到作者要给“马”买礼物，以为作者疯了，此处为短语lse ne’s mind表示“失去理智”。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后，她明白了我想说的话，但这有点困难。A. agreed with同意；B. wrked ut理解，想出；C. fcused n集中；D. brught up抚养。根据后文“what I was trying t say, but it was a bit f a struggle”可知，店员最后理解了作者的话，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，我学会了这两种音调的区别。A. clue线索；B. difference不同，区别；C. issue问题；D. imprtance重要性。根据上文““hrse” and “mther” are nly differentiated by a”可知，经过这件事，作者学会了这两种音调的区别。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：回到英国后，我买了一个网络摄像头，并在icchinese.cm上找到了一个语言伙伴，在那里我遇到了一个愿意帮助我学习汉语的母语人士。A. test测试；B. learner学习者；C. magazine杂志；D. partner伙伴。根据后文“where I met a native speaker willing t help me learn Chinese”指作者在网上找到了一个语言伙伴，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们每周一起练习说几个小时的中文。A. suggested建议；B. cnsidered考虑；C. practiced练习；D. avided避免。根据上文“where I met a native speaker willing t help me learn Chinese”可知，找语言伙伴的目的就是练习中文，他们每周一起练习说几个小时的中文。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：结果，我不仅掌握了我的音调，而且学会了更流利地说话，就像一个母语人士一样。A. As a rule通常；B. At times有时候；C. As a result因此，结果；D. At first首先。上文提到他们每周一起练习说几个小时的中文，结果就是作者的中文说得流利起来。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果，我不仅掌握了我的音调，而且学会了更流利地说话，就像一个母语人士一样。A. fluently流利地；B. penly公开地；C. meaningfully有意义地；D. slwly缓慢地。根据后文“just like a native speaker”可知，作者的中文说得流利了，像一个母语人士一样。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据我的经验，当我在一个说英语的环境中学习中文时，我和我的同学在彼此说话时经常弄混音调。A. heart心；B. dream梦想；C. pwer力量；D. experience经验。后文提到“当我在一个说英语的环境中学习中文时，我和我的同学在彼此说话时经常弄混音调”，这是作者学习中文以后得出的经验之谈。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据我的经验，当我在一个说英语的环境中学习中文时，我和我的同学在彼此说话时经常弄混音调。A. list清单；B. mess混乱；C. habit习惯；D. cllectin收集。根据上文“in an English-speaking envirnment”可知，在一个说英语的环境中学习中文，因为大家的母语都是英语，所以作者和同学在彼此说话时经常弄混音调。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，在说中文的环境中，面对面的交流对流利来说是非常重要的，它把业余爱好者和专家区分开来。A. back-t-back背靠背的；B. eye-t-eye对视的；C. knee-t-knee跪坐的；D. face-t-face面对面的。根据上文“in a Chinese-speaking envirnment”可知，在说中文的环境中，都是说中文的人，因此是面对面的交流，对比上文提到的说英语的环境中学习中文，身边都是说英语的人。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Natural disasters are ne f the majr ___36___ (prblem) facing the wrld tday, seriusly affecting ecnmic develpment and threatening the ___37___ (survive) f mankind.
2023 has brken temperature recrds ___38___ seen recrd drughts, wildfires and flds arund the wrld. Beijing experienced the heaviest rainfall in 140 years, causing widespread flding. Heatwaves ___39___ (sweep) acrss Eurpe and frest fires erupted in Nrth America. Experts warn that pverty (贫困) and inequality are wrsening these disasters.
Peple in the prest areas are ften ___40___ greatest risk frm extreme weather. They may live in places ___41___ are mre likely t be harmed by flding and drught. They have ___42___ (few) resurces t deal with damage and t recver frm it. As a result, they suffer ___43___ (extreme) after disasters strike and may be pushed further int pverty.
Fighting inequality fr a resilient (韧性) future is the theme f 2023 Internatinal Day fr Disaster Risk Reductin. UN Secretary-General Antóni Guterres made a prpsal that cuntries shuld wrk tgether ___44___ (break) the cycle f pverty and that every persn n Earth shuld _____45_____ (cver) by an early warning system by 2027.
【答案】36. prblems
37. survival
38. and 39. swept
40. at 41. which##that
42. fewer 43. extremely
44. t break
45be cvered
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2023年的灾害情况以及未来的应对措施。
【36题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：自然灾害是当今世界面临的主要问题之一，严重影响经济发展，威胁人类生存。prblem为可数名词，此处为ne f+可数名词复数。故填prblems。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：自然灾害是当今世界面临的主要问题之一，严重影响经济发展，威胁人类生存。作动词threaten的宾语，应用名词survival，不可数。故填survival。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：2023年打破了气温记录，世界各地出现了创纪录的干旱、野火和洪水。结合前后文语境可知brken与seen为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：热浪席卷欧洲，北美爆发森林大火。空处为句子谓语动词，根据上文可知描述的是2023年发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填swept。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：最贫困地区的人们往往面临极端天气的最大风险。at risk“处于危险中”是固定表达。故填at。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他们可能生活在更容易受到洪水和干旱伤害的地方。限制性定语从句修饰先行词places，在从句作主语，指物，应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
【42题详解】
考查比较级。句意：他们有更少的资源来处理损害并从中恢复。根据上文“are mre likely t be harmed by flding and drught”可知此处指“更少的资源”应用比较级。故填fewer。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：因此，灾害来袭后，他们遭受了极大的痛苦，并可能进一步陷入贫困。修饰动词suffer应用副词extremely，故填extremely。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：联合国秘书长Antóni Guterres提出，各国应共同努力，打破贫困的循环，到2027年，地球上的每个人都应该被早期预警系统覆盖。分析句子结构可知break在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填t break。
【45题详解】
考查语态。句意：联合国秘书长Antóni Guterres提出，各国应共同努力，打破贫困的循环，到2027年，地球上的每个人都应该被早期预警系统覆盖。此处主语persn与cver构成被动关系，且shuld后跟动词原形。故填be cvered。
第四部分课内知识（共三节，满分25分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，替换句中划线部分，使之意思一致。
46. The child was saved frm the ruins by a yung sldier after the fld.
47. Despite a little prgress, the gvernment des nt plan t stp the prtectin prgrammes.
48. Tw plus fur is exactly the same as six.
49. If I’m talking t smene wh isn’t very clse t me, I must avid making a strng request.
50. In rder t stp the lss f cultural sites frm happening, the gvernment turned t the United Natins fr help.
51. The purpse f the camp is t make Munt Tai mre ppular by intrducing it t yung peple in a fun and easy way.
52. A new Tangshan was built with strng supprt frm the gvernment and the peple’s tireless attempts t d difficult things.
53. The scientist suggested setting up a cmmittee f experts t preserve the cultural heritage.
54. Many animals cannt get used t the changes that mdern civilisatin has brught abut.
55. Sme peple were fund alive, thugh they were ging thrugh terrible injuries.
【答案】46. I 47. D
48. G 49. H
50. A 51. F
52. B 53. J
54. C 55. E
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查动词。句意：洪水过后，一个年轻的士兵从废墟中救出了这个孩子。划线词saved与I选项“救出”意思一致，故选I。
【47题详解】
考查动词。句意：尽管取得了一些进展，但政府并不打算停止保护项目。划线词plan与D选项“计划”意思一致，故选D。
【48题详解】
考查动词。句意：2加4等于6。划线词is exactly the same as与G选项“等于”意思一致，故选G。
【49题详解】
考查动词。句意：如果我和一个不是很亲近的人说话，我必须避免提出强烈的要求。划线词strng request与H选项“要求”意思一致，故选H。
【50题详解】
考查动词。句意：为了阻止文化遗址的流失，政府向联合国寻求帮助。划线词stp…frm happening与A选项“阻止”意思一致，故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词。句意：夏令营的目的是通过有趣和简单的方式向年轻人介绍泰山，让泰山更受欢迎。划线词make…mre ppular与F选项“促进，推广”意思一致，故选F。
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：在政府的大力支持下，在人民的不懈努力下，一个新的唐山建成了。划线词attempts t d difficult things与B选项“努力”意思一致，故选B。
【53题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：这位科学家建议建立一个专家委员会来保护文化遗产。划线词setting up与J选项“建立”意思一致，故选J。
【54题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：许多动物不能适应现代文明带来的变化。划线词get used t与C选项“适应”意思一致，故选C。
【55题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：有些人被发现时还活着，尽管他们受了重伤。划线词ging thrugh与E选项“遭受”意思一致，故选E。
第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个多余的单词或短语。
56. As much as we value ur successes, we need t learn frm ur______.
57. ______cutting ut the fds I enjyed, I added health y fds t my meals.
58. In sprts, ______ t fall dwn r be hurt is cmmn, but the audience will see thrugh it.
59. The English writing system ______n letters rather than n pictures.
60. Since the 1990s, Zhaxi and ther vlunteers ______Tibetan antelpe prtectin.
【答案】56. failures
57. Rather than
58. pretending
59. is based
60. have cntributed t
【解析】
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们重视成功的同时，也需要从失败中吸取教训。根据“As much as we value ur successes”以及句意“失败”可知，应填名词failure，作宾语，结合上文successes可知，为抽象名词具体化，用复数形式。故填failures。
【57题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：我在我的膳食中加入了健康的食物，而不是减少我喜欢的食物。根据“I added health y fds t my meals.”以及句意“而不是”可知，应填rather than，首字母大写。故填Rather than。
【58题详解】
考查动词。句意：在体育运动中，假装摔倒或受伤是很常见的，但观众会看穿它。根据“fall dwn r be hurt is cmmn”以及句意“假装”可知，应填动词pretend，作主语，用动名词形式。故填pretending。
【59题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：英语的书写系统是以字母而不是图画为基础的。根据“letters rather than n pictures”以及句意“以……为基础”可知，短语为be based n，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为The English writing system，谓语用单数。故填is based。
【60题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：从20世纪90年代开始，扎西和其他志愿者就为保护藏羚羊做出了贡献。根据“Tibetan antelpe prtectin”以及句意“做贡献”可知，应填cntribute t，根据上文Since the 1990s可知，为现在完成时，主语为Zhaxi and ther vlunteers，助动词用have。故填have cntributed t。
第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
英汉互译。81-82题按括号中的要求进行汉译英，83-85题英译汉。
61. 幸运的是，政府给那些失去家园的人带来了希望。（使用whse引导的定语从句） (汉译英)
【答案】Luckily, the gvernment brught hpe t the peple whse hmes were lst/ had been lst.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。表示“幸运的是”应用副词luckily，作状语；主语为gvernment；表示“给人们带来了希望”短语为bring hpe t the peple，为一般过去时；peple后跟whse引导的定语从句，表示“那些失去家园的人”翻译为peple whse hmes were lst/ had been lst。为一般过去时或过去完成时。故翻译为Luckily, the gvernment brught hpe t the peple whse hmes were lst/ had been lst.
62. 乔丹（Jrdan）的技术令人印象深刻，但是他的精神力量使他独一无二。(汉译英)
【答案】Jrdan’s skills were impressive, but his mental strength made him unique.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“乔丹的技术”应用Jrdan’s skills，使用名词的复数形式表示泛指，作句子主语；表示“令人印象深刻”短语为be impressive，句子使用一般过去时描述过去的情况，主语是复数，be动词使用were；but 连接并列句，表示“但是”；表示“他的精神力量”短语为his mental strength；表示“使他独一无二”翻译为make him unique，为make+宾语+宾补结构，动词使用过去式形式。故翻译为Jrdan’s skills were impressive, but his mental strength made him unique.
63. These were animal bnes n which symbls were carved by ancient Chinese peple. (英译汉)
【答案】这些是动物骨头，在（骨头）上面有古代中国人刻上去的符号。
【解析】
【详解】考查英译汉。此处为there be句型，These were animal bnes表示“这些是动物骨头”；后跟n which引导的定语从句，n which symbls were carved by ancient Chinese peple翻译为“在（骨头）上面有古代中国人刻上去的符号”。故翻译为这些是动物骨头，在（骨头）上面有古代中国人刻上去的符号。
64. They hpe t further educate peple abut the imprtance f safeguarding cultural relics fr future generatins t understand and appreciate. (英译汉)
【答案】他们希望进一步教育大众认识保护历史和文化遗产以供后代了解和欣赏的重要性。
【解析】
【详解】考查英译汉。主语为they“他们”；hpe t表示“希望”；further educate peple表示“进一步教育大众”；abut the imprtance f safeguarding cultural relics表示“认识保护历史和文化遗产的重要性”；fr future generatins t understand and appreciate表示“以供后代了解和欣赏”。故翻译为：他们希望进一步教育大众认识保护历史和文化遗产以供后代了解和欣赏的重要性。
65. Only when we learn t exist in harmny with nature can we stp being a threat t wildlife and t ur planet.(英译汉)
【答案】只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物和地球的威胁。
【解析】
【详解】考查部分倒装和固定短语。“nly+状语从句”从句置于句首时，主句进行部分倒装，情态动词can提至主语之前，learn t d sth.“学会做某事”， exist in harmny with nature“与自然和谐共处”，stp ding sth.“停止做某事”，a threat t wildlife and t ur planet“对野生动物和地球的威胁”。综上故翻译为：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物和地球的威胁。
第五部分写作（满分25分）
66. 假设你是李华，英国交换生团队来你校交流，了解到中国很重视野生动物的保护，希望你向他们简要介绍。请你以某一种濒危野生动物为例，写一份发言稿，内容要点包括：
1．濒危原因；
2．措施和成效；
3．个人观点。
注意：
1．写作词数应为100左右；
2．开头和结尾已为你写好；
3．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Gd mrning! My name is Li Hua. It’s my hnr t
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank yu!
【答案】
Gd mrning! My name is Li Hua. It’s my hnr t intrduce China’s prtectin f Tibetan antelpes t yu. They were nce threatened with extinctin, as they were illegally hunted fr prfit and newly built rads and railways reduced their living spaces. In rder t save them, the Chinese gvernment set up nature reserves where vlunteers watched ver them. Bridges and gates were als added fr their safety. Due t these measures, their ppulatin has recvered. In my pinin, we shuld cntinue prtecting them, since the threats t them haven’t disappeared. Besides, it’s a gd idea if the UK and China can wrk tgether t build a better tmrrw fr wildlife.
Thank yu!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国交换生团队介绍中国一种濒危野生动物，对它的保护措施以及成效等。
【详解】1.词汇积累
灭绝：extinctin→disappearance
为了：in rder t→in a bid t
建立：set up→establish
由于：due t→wing t
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Bridges and gates were als added fr their safety.
拓展句：Bridges and gates were als added fr their safety, which has greatly helped t increase their numbers.
【点睛】【高分句型1】They were nce threatened with extinctin, as they were illegally hunted fr prfit and newly built rads and railways reduced their living spaces.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】In rder t save them, the Chinese gvernment set up nature reserves where vlunteers watched ver them.（运用了where引导的限定性定语从句）
A．prevent B．effrts C．adapt t D．intend E．suffering frm
F．prmte G．equals H．demand I．rescued J．establishing
failure even thugh rather than base variety pretend cntribute t