（3）宾语从句——2024届中考英语常考句式集中训练

这是一份（3）宾语从句——2024届中考英语常考句式集中训练，共6页。
定义：在主从复合句中充当宾语的从句称为宾语从句。
宾语从句三要素：连接词、语序和时态。
宾语从句的连接词：
that（本身无意义，只起链接作用，口语中可省略）
He said (that) Kate was gd at swimming.
他说凯特擅长游泳。
what，which，wh，whse，whm等（在从句子作主语、宾语、定语等）
I dn't knw what they are ging t d
我不知道他们打算干什么。
I wnder wh/whm that letter was frm.
我不知道是谁来的信。
when，where，why，hw（在从句中作状语）
Culd yu tell me where they live?
你能告诉我他们住在哪里吗？
D yu knw when the train leaves?
你知道火车什么时候发车吗?
if/whether（不作句子成分，但不能省略）
He asked if/whether culd g there with him.
他问我能否和他一起去那里。
宾语从句的语序：
宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序，即主语+谓语( +宾语)/主语+系动词+表语。
I dn't knw if/whether he is right.
I wnder where he lives.
宾语从句的时态遵循三原则：
需要性原则：主句是现在时(包括一般现在时、现在进行时和现在完成时)，从句时态由句意及时间状语决定。
I want t knw where he went just nw.
呼应性原则：主句是过去时(包括一般过去时、过去进行时)，从句用相应的过去的某种时态。
He said that he had finished the hmewrk
特殊性原则：从句表述客观事实、真理和自然现象，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。
Our teacher tld us that the earth ges arund the sun.
突破训练
1. —Culd yu tell me _________?
—It's ver there acrss frm the hspital.
A. when the park pensB. hw far is the park
C. where the park isD. hw I can get t the park
2. I will g shpping with my mther tmrrw，but I dn't knw ________.
A. what we will d tmrrwB. when we will g shpping
C. whm I will g shpping withD. what we will buy
3. —D yu knw ________?
—Yes, there's ne here. It's in the stre.
A. whm he is talking withB. when I can get t the htel
C. hw t use the machineD. if there's a restrm arund here
4. —Culd yu please tell me ________ when I called yu?
—Nthing much.
A. what yu are dingB. what are yu ding
C. what yu were dingD. what were yu ding
5. —Culd yu tell me _______?
—It has caught a virus. Yu can use Lily's.
A. what's wrng with yur cmputerB. what yur cmputer happened
C. why can't yur cmputer wrk wellD. why yur cmputer didn't wrk well
6. —I'm excited abut Huawei's new smartphnes. D yu knw __________?
—Next mnth.
A. hw can I get neB. wh bught ne fr me
C. when they will cme utD. where I can get ne
7. —What did the shpkeeper say t yu?
—She asked me _______.
A. when did the shp clseB. if I preferred that T-shirt
C. what else I will buyD. where did I see the style
8. Lucy lked sad, we wndered ________________.
A. what the matter was with herB. what was wrng with her
C. that she failed the examD. what she was like
9. —D yu knw ___________?
—It was intrduced thrugh the Silk Rad.
A. why pepper was planted in China
B. what pepper was used fr in China
C. when pepper was discvered in China
D. hw pepper was intrduced t China
10. —Next Sunday is my grandmther's birthday. I'm thinking abut ________.
—Gd by! And please give my best wishes t her.
A. what present I gave herB. hw I can give her a surprise
C. if I had a party fr herD. where will my family have a big meal
答案以及解析
1.答案：C
解析：考查宾语从句和情景交际。when the park pens公园什么时候开放；hw far is the park公园有多远；where the park is公园在哪里; hw I can get t the park我怎么去公园。空处在句中作tell的宾语，所以是宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序；结合答语"It's ver there acrss frm the hspital."可知，是问公园在哪里，故选C.
2.答案：D
解析：A明天我们将做什么；B我们什么时候去购物；C我将和谁去购物；D我们将买什么。根据句意可知，此处表示“我不知道我们将买什么”。故选D。
3.答案：D
解析：考查宾语从句。根据下文"there's ne here（这里有一个）"可知上文问的是“是否有……”，应选择表示“有……”含义的选项，所以D项“if there's a restrm arund here(这附近是否有洗手间）”符合句意。A项"whm he is talking with(他在和谁说话）"、B项"when I can get t the htel(我什么时候能到宾馆）"、C项"hw t use the machine(如何使用这台机器）"答非所问，排除这三个选项。故选D。
4.答案：C
解析：本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它”。由此可以排除B和D;根据句中的"when I called yu" (当我给你打电话的时候)可知，宾语从句的时态为过去进行时，即was/were+ ding。故选C。
5.答案：A
解析：根据"Culd yu tell me…"可知原句是宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序,排除C项;B选项应是what happened t yur cmputer。 what's wrng with yur cmputer你的电脑怎么了;why yur cmputer didn't wrk well为什么你的电脑不能正常工作。根据"It has caught a virus. Yu can use Lily's."可知在问电脑出了什么问题。故选A。
6.答案：C
解析：根据题干，可知考查宾语从句，用陈述语序。排除AB选项;由Next mnth可知问的是时间。when引导宾语从句。故选C。
7.答案：B
解析：本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述语序，由此可先排除A、D两项；再根据语境及题干中的"asked"可知，从句要用跟过去相关的时态，故B 项符合题意。
8.答案：B
解析：考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，what was/is matter/wrng with. sb.为疑问词作主语，是陈述语序，be动词不用后置，排除A选项；根据wndered"想知道"可知，空处应是不确定的事情，不能用that引导，that后接内容为确定的事情，排除C选项；根据"Lucy lked sad"可知，此处是看到露西难过，应是询问她怎么了，排除D选项。故选B。
9.答案：D
解析：本题考查宾语从句。根据答语"It was intrduced thrugh the Silk Rad"可知问句问的是方式，应用hw引导宾语从句，故D项正确。
10.答案：B
解析：根据句意：——下个星期日是我祖母的生日。我在考虑我怎么才能给她一个惊喜。——好孩子！请代我向她致以最美好的祝愿。考查宾语从句。用陈述语序，排除D；时态是一般现在时，排除AC。故选B。