2023年福建省宁德市二模英语试卷含答案

这是一份2023年福建省宁德市二模英语试卷含答案，共15页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年福建省宁德市二模英语试卷 一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ABBC Cymru Wales ToursStep into the future of broadcasting at BBC's newest and most advanced studios at 3 Central Square，Cardiff，CF101 FT.
Ever wondered how sound effects are added to your favourite podcasts（播客）？Or what it's like to read the news？Join our friendly guides for an unusual tour of BBC Cymru Wales.Visit our television and radio studios to discover the secrets of making BBC programmes.
On your journey you will：
• Visit one of the largest BBC newsrooms，packed with cutting-edge （领先的）technology including AR，VR and robotic cameras.
• Take a glance at TV galleries and other broadcast facilities.
Information
Each walking tour will last approximately 90 minutes.As a live and working broadcast centre，no two tours are the same，so every visit will be unique.
For group bookings，or for specific access requirements，please call 029 2087 8444.
Children under 18 must be accompanied by an adult.Tours are only suitable for children over 7 years.
All adult visitors attending tours must bring photo ID.Large bags and shopping bags are not allowed on the tour.
Bags will be searched，so to avoid delays we recommend visitors not bring large bags or unnecessary items.
Ticket prices：
Adult：£13.00
Family ticket（1 adult and up to 3 children or 2 adults and 2 children）：£38.00
Student|Under 26：£10.00
Disabled person|Over 65：£12.00
Group 10+tickets—Adults：£12.00
Group 10+tickets—Students|Under 26：£9.00
Group 10+tickets—Disabled people|ver 65：£11.001.  What can visitors do at BBC Cymru Wales Tours？ ______ A. Make BBC news programmes. B. Admire gallery artworks.
C. Experience advanced technology. D. Visit BBC's smallest newsroom.2.  What can we know about the tours？ ______ A. The tours are mostly the same.
B. Every tour lasts about an hour and a half.
C. The tours are designed for kids under 7.
D. The tours allow visitors to carry big bags.3.  If a group of 20 senior school students attend the tours，how much should they pay？ ______ A. £260.00. B. £240.00. C. £200.00. D. £180.00.BThe African penguin is expected to go extinct in the wild in just over a decade，given its current population decline.The main reason is a lack of food caused by disturbance to ocean conditions from global heating and competition from the commercial fishing industry.According to a study，scientists have identified a possible additional cause，one that is an entirely new threat and that further prevents the penguins from finding food：noise pollution from marine （海洋的）ships in a bay.
Since 2016，a new shipping practice has started at Algoa Bay.The bay offers ship-to-ship refueling for ships anchored offshore.Since the start of this practice，marine traffic in the bay has doubled.The number of bulk carriers （散货船） pulling into the bay has increased by ten times as much.Thus the noise levels in the area had doubled and the population of penguins has dropped sharply.High noise levels affect the ability of marine animals to find food，communicate or navigate properly.
Researchers used data from ship identification tools to estimate underwater noise from passing ships.They also attached underwater microphones-and accelerometers （感应器） to some of the penguins.Recording the noise will tell researchers what the penguins are hearing，if they're talking while hunting，if they're changing their movements in response to noise，and if the noise is drowning out their hunting conversations.This will allow researchers to determine whether the sound disturbance is a direct cause of the penguins' ongoing difficulties in finding sufficient food.
The study is the first to explore he effects of ocean traffic noise pollution on seabirds and the consequences of offshore shipping activities on underwater noise levels.Experts are considering proposing various global best-practice approaches to reduce some of the impacts of noise pollution，such as policies that limit the number and size of ships allowed into a bay of this kind. "We also need more scientific monitoring of noise，before these measures are put in place and afterward，so that we have a proper understanding of what works." a researcher said.4.  What is caused by the noise pollution？ ______ A. The penguins' lack of food.
B. The penguins' proper navigation.
C. People's communication disability.
D. The commercial competition.5.  Why did scientists attach microphones to penguins？ ______ A. Because they wanted to study the way of relieving marine traffic pressure.
B. Because they could determine and analyze the source of ocean noise pollution
C. Because it helped to calculate underwater noise levels caused by different ships.
D. Because the impact of ocean on penguins' hunting behavior could be found.6.  How can the noise pollution be reduced？ ______ A. By exploring the real effects of ocean traffic.
B. By restricting the ships to go into the bay.
C. By banning all the offshore shipping activities.
D. By increasing ship-to-ship refueling activities.7.  What will researchers probably do next？ ______ A. Evaluate the risk of the noise. B. Establish a monitoring system.
C. Put the measures in place. D. Try to understand what happens.CThe first solar cell capable of powering everyday electrical equipment was made in the 1950s at Bell Labs in New Jersey.Back then the silicon-based （基于硅的） panels were hugely expensive and turned just 6% of sunlight into electricity.Since then，costs have come down dramatically and today's silicon solar cells can turn up to 22% of sunlight into power.But they're nearly maxed out in terms of efficiency.Now，perovskites （钙钛矿） offer the potential for dramatic increases in power output，and they could ultimately replace silicon altogether.
Rescarchers at Oxford PV，a company spun out of the University of Oxford，made a major breakthrough in 2018.By coating silicon with perovskites they achieved 28% efficiency.The company believes it can eventually reach 40%，or higher. "If we want to make all new power generation about solar photovoltaics （光伏），then we need to keep driving the price down，"Henry Snaith，professor of physics at the University of Oxford and co-founder of Oxford PV，said."One way to do that is to keep pushing the efficiency or power output up，and this is where perovskites really come into play."
Perovskites were discovered in 1839.Oxford PV uses a synthetic （合成的） version，made from inexpensive materials that are present on the Earth in large quantities，while other companies use variations of the original mineral，collectively called perovskites.As well as improved solar efficiency，they work better than silicon in the shade，on cloudy days or even indoors.Perovskites can be printed using an inkjet （喷墨的） printer and can be as thin as wallpaper.Oxford PV hopes perovskites will eventually replace silicon entirely.
Last month，Saule Technologies' new factory in Warsaw began printing perovskite solar cells using inkjet printers.Early next year，it will start supplying Swedish construction company Skanska Group."The material is set to be a game changer in the energy field，because it works in every lighting condition，"said Saule Technologies co-founder Olga Malinkiewicz.8.  What is the biggest disadvantage of silicon-based panels？ ______ A. They are incredibly expensive.
B. They are easy to abandon totally.
C. They are relatively low in power output.
D. They have only existed for about 50 years.9.  What attitude does Snaith have towards perovskites？ ______ A. Favorable. B. Cautious. C. Opposed. D. Ambiguous.10.  Why can perovskites possibly replace silicon entirely？ ______ A. They can be as thin as paper.
B. They are rarely seen on the Earth.
C. They can be printed with 3-D printers.
D. They perform well in poor lighting conditions.11.  What can be a suitable title for the text？ ______ A. The cost of perovskite solar cells.
B. A new way to replace perovskites.
C. The applications of solar photovoltaics.
D. A potential way to increase solar power output.DLithium （锂） is called "white gold" for good reason.The metal's value has been growing sharply over the last several years，in a large part because it is an essential part of batteries as well as several key sustainable technologies where energy storage is of huge significance.As electric cars，wind and solar power have grown into major players in the energy industry，lithium has become key to engineering a future free of fossil （化石） fuels.
But acquiring lithium comes at an enormous cost.It often works like this：Water containing lithium is delivered to the surface from underground and mixed with fresh water.The mixture then sits in pools to get rid of water，leaving the rest of its contents behind as brightly colored "mud".Then heat and chemical reactions are used to get lithium from that，changing it into powder which is then packaged and shipped to buyers around the world.
Any accident that releases mine contents into surrounding communities or the groundwater supply could have unimaginable long-term impacts.To be specific，indigenous （土著的） communities often bear the damage，and political leaders have typically given little weight to their concerns.In Arizona，for example，an expanding lithium mine is threatening the Hualapai Tribe's cultural and historic sites.Recently，mining lithium and other precious metals has brought about conflict：How do you ensure the availability of materials essential to the future of renewables while protecting those communities' rights？
Mining of the metal is expected to increase dramatically in coming years.Over time，experts say，that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions （排放） by making electric cars more affordable and，therefore，more popular.As environmentally conscious consumers buy electric cars in ever-greater numbers，it's important to be aware of the dirty process that powers those clean air vehicles.12.  What does the author's intention of writing Paragraph 1？ ______ A. To introduce the background of an event.
B. To explain a complex industrial theory.
C. To describe a noticeable recent tendency.
D. To predict the future of a main technology.13.  Which may cause enormous environmental damage？ ______ A. Unexpected material leak. B. Violent chemical reactions.
C. Wrong political decisions. D. Lithium mine expansion.14.  What's the author's attitude towards mining lithium？ ______ A. Intolerant. B. Uncaring. C. Favorable. D. Objective.15.  What's the most suitable title for the text？ ______ A. High Expense of Lithium Mining
B. Potential Benefit of Using Lithium
C. Hidden Threat behind Clean Energy
D. Bright Future of Renewable Resources 二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）    When raindrops fall to the ground in summer, a familiar scent always follows. Many people call this the "smell of rain". However, rain is made up of odorless(无味的) water. So, where does this smell come from?
      (1)   But it actually comes from wet soil. This special odor even has its own name：petrichor(潮土油), which comes from a pair of chemical reactions.
    The pleasant smell has long been an interest of scientists since Australian scientists first documented the formation of petrichor in 1964. According to scientists, some plants produce oils during dry periods.   (2)  
    Yet, it's the second reaction that creates the most petrichor. It occurs when chemicals produced by bacteria in soil are released.   (3)   These bacteria break down and change into simple chemical compounds, providing nutrition for plants. Meanwhile the process also produces geosmin(土臭素), a compound with a distinct earthy aroma(香味).
    Lots of animals are sensitive to geosmin but human beings are extremely sensitive to it. When it rains after a long period of dryness, drops of water hit the ground. Geosmin is then released from the surfaces.   (4)   And it finally gives raindrops their familiar scent. If it rains heavily enough, geosmin will be spread downwind, warning others of coming rain.
​​​​​​​      (5)   And the next time someone mentions how much they love the smell of rain, you can prove your intelligence by explaining where that smell comes from.
A.And when it rains, these oils are released into the air.
B.The smell of petrichor is quite pleasant to the human nose.
C.There are a group of microorganisms widely found in soils.
D.Rain can refresh the soil specially when it rains heavily.
E.Scientists found the distinctive smell doesn't come from rain.
F.The pleasant smell always comes into being with the flow of air.
G.It is further spread around its surroundings with the aid of wind and rain.16.   A. A  B. B  C. C  D. D  E. E               F. F                            G. G17.   A. A  B. B  C. C  D. D  E. E               F. F                            G. G18.   A. A  B. B  C. C  D. D  E. E               F. F                            G. G19.   A. A  B. B  C. C  D. D  E. E               F. F                            G. G20.   A. A  B. B  C. C  D. D  E. E               F. F                            G. G 三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Sports are important in our family.Both of our sons were high-school（1） ______ .So I shouldn't have been（2） ______ when Lauren announced she was going out for the girls'basketball team.But I was because she has Down syndrome（唐氏综合症）.
My wife and I never told Lauren that she was（3） ______ .We treated her like our other children.We didn't want her to feel disabled.
I discussed Lauren's（4） ______ with my wife that evening.She thought Lauren would make the team and she was right.Lauren did（5） ______ it because not all the girls wanted to play.
The season's first basketball game（6） ______ .It kicked off to a good start，but soon Verden，Lauren's team，was behind.Lauren（7） ______ followed the movement on the court and reacted to every（8） ______ .Even though Lauren wasn't playing，she looked as if she were having the time of her life.I felt（9） ______ for my daughter.
Just less than two minutes were left，and Verden was down by seventeen points when Lauren was called in for the game.Lauren（10） ______ the others fairly well.Then they passed Lauren the ball.She（11） ______ it.She shot.She scored!A few minutes later，Lauren （12） ______ us in the stands."Did you see？I scored!I made a （13） ______ !"
For sixteen years，I'd tried hard to（14） ______ Lauren from feeling like she was different.But watching Lauren in the game，I saw that she really was different—not physically or emotionally，but（15） ______ .21.   A. athletes B. rescuers C. reporters D. teachers22.   A. depressed B. embarrassed C. disappointed D. surprised23.   A. normal B. different C. ordinary D. typical24.   A. arrangement B. preference C. announcement D. proposal25.   A. approve B. predict C. make D. favour26.   A. appeared B. arrived C. changed D. remained27.   A. attentively B. carelessly C. frequently D. repeatedly28.   A. team B. shout C. game D. shot29.   A. regret B. anxiety C. admiration D. sympathy30.   A. gave way to B. kept pace with C. put up with D. broke away from31.   A. threw B. missed C. caught D. cast32.   A. challenged B. greeted C. left D. joined33.   A. mistake B. basket C. mess D. record34.   A. shelter B. prohibit C. discourage D. excuse35.   A. socially B. consciously C. literally D. spiritually四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.  ChatGPT is high-tech progress, not a revolution    ChatGPT is a powerful chatbot developed by OpenAI and launched in November 2022.    1    (build) on top of OpenAI's GPT-3 family of large language models, it engages in human-like dialogue egged by prompting. It    2    (design) to respond in a natural, intuitive way and has numerous potential uses.
    From a scientific point of view, there is a need to closely watch the development of such    3   (technology) before reaching a conclusion about their efficacy and helpful nature. Technology progresses step by step. So we should not panic thinking ChatGPT will take up jobs    4    till now needs humans to fulfill.
    ChatGPT is an example of high-tech progress, not a revolution.
    First, ChatGPT    5    (make) quite some progress in natural language processing, yet it still has a long way to go to completely understand the human mind and language faculty, because when it comes to professional writing, ChatGPT at times writes plausible-sounding but    6    (correct) or nonsensical answers. It might give some good answers to most of the general questions,    7    it is no substitute for professional advice, such as medical prognosis and prescriptions, or legal advice.
    Second, ChatGPT is still a product    8    very limited application. It has the potential to be used for enhancing search engine functionality but, as a pre-trained language model, it will have limited use.
    Due to these limitations, investors should not    9    (blind) invest huge amounts to further develop ChatGPT and should not expect quick returns on investment. Yet as a    10   (promise) AI development, ChatGPT is likely to advance in the medium, if not the short term.五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.  假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Peter给你发邮件说最近经过多次尝试终于学会了做中国传统美食——饺子，开心不已。询问你在日常的学习和生活中，是否有过类似经历。请回复邮件，分享你的经历。内容包括：
（1）一件曾尝试的新事物；
（2）学习的过程；
（3）你的感受。
注意：
（4）写作词数应为80左右；
（5）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter，
I'm glad to receive your email.
________________________
 Yours， Li Hua 38.  阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I put one last box into the back seat and closed the car door.It felt as if I were closing the door on my whole life.At first，I was excited when Mom told me she'd gotten a fantastic new job at an animal hospital.Then，because she always saves the bad news for last，she told me the really terrible part.The hospital wasn't in our city；it was miles away in the middle of nowhere.And I'm definitely not a country girl.
I stood beside the car，taking a last look at our building.To most people，it probably just looked like any other old apartment house，but I loved every brick.Just then，I saw my best friends，Hana and Leo，come to see me off.While Hana played a cool riff（重复乐段）on her trumpet（小号），Leo sang， "We will miss you，Celia." I hugged them tightly and jumped into the car fast so no one could see me tear up.As Mom drove away，I waved goodbye to my friends，my neighborhood，and my life.
We rode a while in silence，and I held my violin case for comfort.Leo，Hana，and I had been writing songs for our band，but that was all over now. "Don't think of this as an ending，" Mom said，with her knack（技能）for reading my mind. "It's an exciting beginning.It's normal to be a bit anxious about unfamiliar things，but you don't need to be afraid of them." I kept silent and looked out the window as crowded，exciting city streets turned first into tasteless suburban shopping strips（商业街）and then into endless，boring trees and fields of corn.We finally arrived at our new home，a two-floored wooden farmhouse.Mom said I could go explore.Mom never let me go out alone in the city，so maybe a bit more freedom would be one consolation（慰藉）of living here.

注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Feeling that country life might turn out okay，I wondered off，taking my violin with me.

I couldn't resist，so I took out my violin and began to play along.

答案 1~3.【答案】C、B、D4~7.【答案】A、D、B、B8~11.【答案】C、A、D、D12~15.【答案】C、A、D、C16~20.【答案】E、A、C、G、B21~35.【答案】A、D、B、C、C、B、A、D、C、B、C、D、B、A、D36.【答案】【小题1】Built【小题2】is designed【小题3】technologies【小题4】which/that【小题5】has made【小题6】incorrect【小题7】but/yet【小题8】with【小题9】blindly【小题10】promising37.【答案】Dear Peter，
I'm glad to receive your email.I know that you learned how to make dumplings.You're so great.Now let me share my experience with you.（写信目的）
Since I watched the Winter Olympics Games in Beijing，I have been in love with skating.【高分句型一】From then on，I began to make up my mind to learn it.（一件曾尝试的新事物）But as soon as I stepped on the ice，I stumbled over myself.I found it difficult to learn skating.Although I practiced again and again，and fell again and again，when I thought of the athletes on the field，I didn't give up.【高分句型二】Soon I could skate quite well.I'm proud of myself.（学习的过程）
From learning skating，I know while doing anything，we often meet many kinds of difficulties，but we shouldn't lose heart.Instead，we should try our best to overcome them.（作者的感受） Yours， Li Hua38.【答案】Feeling that country life might turn out okay.I wandered off，taking my violin with me.Suddenly l heard something I wasn't expecting-a beautiful，jazzy tune.I pushed through some corn only to come face-to-face with a cow.Then another hot jazz riff floated through the air.I turned around and saw a tall kid playing an old saxophone in a field of corn.His music was fantastic，and he didn't dress the way I figured a country kid would.This guy was wearing clothes that made him look cool，like a famous performer.【高分句型一】（发现了演奏者以及他的牛）
I couldn't resist，so I took out my violin and began to play along.The boy looked surprised，but he didn't miss a beat.We played together，and by the end，a cow was tapping her tail to the rhythm.When we finished，we introduced ourselves to each other and became friends.【高分句型二】We also decided to write songs together.I looked at my new friend，the cheerful cow and tall corn.I could feel my thoughts about country life already changing，and I had a feeling it would change a lot more.（我转变了对农村生活的态度）