医护英语上册Unit 3 The Circulatory System精品导学案

这是一份医护英语上册Unit 3 The Circulatory System精品导学案，文件包含医护英语Unit3-1TheCirculatorySystem-ReadingABloodPressure原文+练习doc、医护英语Unit3-1TheCirculatorySystem-ReadingABloodPressure学案+答案doc等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共11页， 欢迎下载使用。
Reading A Bld Pressure
Think ver while reading
1. What’s the definitin f the bld pressure?
2. Where is the highest pressure in circulatry system? Hw abut the pressure in the capillaries and veins?
3. Hw des the bld pressure change when yu are sleeping, and hw when yu are excited?
Reading
Bld pressure is the pressure exerted by bld n the walls f the bld vessels. Bld is pumped frm the heart t all parts f yur bdy. When the heart beats, it pumps ut bld int the arteries.
Yur bld pressure is at its highest when the heart beats, pumping the bld. This is called systlic pressure. When the heart is at rest between beats, yur bld pressure falls. This is the diastlic pressure. When the tw readings are written dwn, the systlic pressure is the first r tp number, and the diastlic pressure is the secnd r bttm number, fr example, 120/80 (120 ver 80) mmHg.
There are different degrees f pressure in different parts f the circulatry system s that the bld naturally flws frm the pint f the higher pressure t the pint f the lwer pressure.
The pressure in the large arteries is the highest, because they are near the heart and feel the full frce f the heartbeat. The small arteries are far away frm the heart and less influenced by the heartbeat, the pressure n these walls is much lwer. The bld pressure in the capillaries is greatly reduced because they are much mre numerus in number, and the space which the bld can spread ver is much larger. The bld pressure in the veins is still lwer than that in the capillaries, and the bld pressure is negative in the large veins near the heart.
Therefre, the bld is made t flw frm the arteries thrugh the capillaries and veins back t the heart.
Bld pressure changes during the day. It is lwest as yu sleep and rises when yu get up. It als can rise when yu are excited, nervus, r active.
The bld pressure can be measured by a device which is called a sphygmmanmeter.
Ntes
1. Yur bld pressure is at its highest when the heart beats, pumping the bld.
当你的心脏跳动的时候输出血液，血压最高。
…, pumping the bld ：pumping是现在分词，在句中作伴随状语。例如：
She sat n the beach facing the sea.
她坐在海滩上，面向大海。
2. There are different degrees f pressure in different parts f the circulatry system s that the bld naturally flws frm the pint f the higher pressure t the pint f the lwer pressure.
在循环系统中不同部位血压的程度不同，从而使血液从压力较高的一点自然地流向压力较低的一点。
s that：结果，用于引导结果状语从句。例如：
He started early s that he culd catch the first bus.
他动身早，以便能赶上头班车。
3. The bld pressure in the capillaries is greatly reduced because they are much mre numerus in number, and the space which the bld can spread ver is much larger.
毛细血管中的血压大大降低因为它们数量比较多，血液扩散的空间比较大。
…, and the space which the bld… ：which引出限制性定语从句，修饰the space。例如：
This is the bk which he asked fr.
这是他要的书。
4. The bld pressure in the veins is still lwer than that in the capillaries, and the bld pressure is negative in the large veins near the heart.
静脉中的血压比毛细血管中的压力还要低, 靠近心脏的大静脉中的血压是负压。
The bld pressure in the veins is still lwer than that in the capillaries, …：此句中that 指代前边的the bld pressure。例如：
This bk is as interesting as that yu read last mnth.
这本书与你上个月读的那本书同样有趣。
5. It is lwest as yu sleep and rises when yu get up.
当你睡眠时血压最低，起床后血压会升高。
as 在句中引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时，一边……一边”，指主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生。例如：
She was singing as she was cking.
她一边做着饭,一边唱着歌。
Summing-up
1. The definitin f the bld pressure is as fllw, bld pressure is the pressure exerted by bld n the walls f the bld vessels.
2. The pressure in the large arteries is the highest. The bld pressure in the capillaries is greatly reduced and the bld pressure in the veins is still lwer than that in the capillaries.
3. It is lwest when yu are sleeping and while yu are excited, it can rise.
Cre Skills and Practice
= 1 \* ROMAN I. Answer the fllwing questins.
1. What is bld pressure?
2. Hw t write dwn a persn’s bld pressure?
3. Hw des bld flw in a persn’s bdy?
4. Why is the pressure in the large arteries high while lw in small arteries?
5. What device can measure bld pressure?
= 2 \* ROMAN II. Chse the best answer.
1. If a persn’s diastlic pressure is 90, systlic pressure 120, his bld pressure shuld be recrded as______.
A. 90/120 mmHg B. 120/90 mmHg
C. 90/120 mmHg D. 120/90 mmHg
2. Which f the fllwing sentences is right?
A. Bld is pumped frm the heart t all parts f bdy except the head.
B. The bld pressure in large arteries is high because the arteries are large.
C. The bld pressure in capillaries is higher than that in the veins.
D. Bld flw frm veins t arteries.
3. Hw des bld pressure change during a day?
A. When yu get up, it is the lwest.
B. when yu play basketball, it ges dwn.
C. When yu sleep, it is the highest.
D. When yu see an exciting match, it ges up.
4. The bld flws ________.
A. frm a lwer pint f the pressure t a higher pint
B. frm capillaries t arteries
C. frm a higher pint f the pressure t a lw pint
D. frm veins t arteries
5. _______ can measure a persn’s bld pressure.
A. thermmeter B. sphygmmanmeter
C. test paper D. ultrasnic
= 3 \* ROMAN III. Fill in each f the blanks with the wrds in the bx, and change the frm if necessary.
1. The bld pressure is negative in ______ near the heart.
2. The bld pressure shuld _______ carefully when yu take the physical examinatin fr a patient.
3. Bld pressure shuld be ______ by a sphygmmanmeter.
4. When the heart beats, pumping the bld, the bld pressure is called______.
5. When the heart is at rest between beats, yur bld pressure falls. Such bld pressure is called ______.
6. That bld______ n the walls f the bld vessels is called bld pressure.
7. The ______ are mre numerus in number, and space is larger fr bld t spread ver.
8. Yu shuld write dwn the tw______ f systlic pressure and diastlic pressure.
= 4 \* ROMAN IV. Match the wrds r expressins in Clumn A with thse in Clumn B.
A B
1. pressure a. ne f the tubes that carry bld frm the heart t the rest f the bdy
2. artery b. t find the size, length, amunt, degree in standard units
3. measure c. less than zer
4. numerus d. many
5. negative e. the strength f this frce
= 5 \* ROMAN V. Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the expressins in brackets.
1. 血液从压力较高的一点流向压力较低的一点。 (flw… t…)
2. 当这两个读书被记录下来时，收缩压写在前面，舒张压写在后面。(write dwn)
3. 在循环系统中不同部位，血压的程度不同。(degree)
4. 因为大动脉靠近心脏并且感受心搏的力量最强，所以大动脉中的血压最高。(s that )
5. 当心脏跳动时，心脏泵血到动脉。 (pump ut… int…)
= 6 \* ROMAN VI. Translate the fllwing int Chinese.
1. There are different degrees f pressure in different parts f the circulatry system s that the bld naturally flws frm the pint f higher pressure t the pint f lwer pressure.
2. The bld pressure in the capillaries is greatly reduced because they are much mre numerus in number, and the space which the bld can spread ver is much larger.
3. The bld pressure in the veins is still lwer than that in the capillaries, and the bld pressure is negative in the large veins near the heart.
4. Therefre, the bld is made t flw frm the arteries thrugh the capillaries and veins back t the heart.
5. The bld pressure can be measured by a device which is called a sphygmmanmeter.
The Related Knwledge
The related wrd and phrases
Warm-up
1. D yu knw what the bld pressure is?
2. D yu knw the readings f the bld pressure in human bdy?
3. Is bld pressure the same during a day in ur bdy?
systlic pressure capillary measure read
diastlic pressure write dwn pressure vein
Wrld Health Day
Wrld Health Day, n 7 April, marks the funding f the Wrld Health Organizatin and is an pprtunity t draw wrldwide attentin t a subject f majr imprtance t glbal health each year. In 2008, Wrld Health Day fcuses n the need t prtect health frm the adverse effects f climate change.
The theme “prtecting health frm climate change” puts health at the center f the glbal dialgue abut climate change. WHO selected this theme in recgnitin that climate change is psing ever grwing threats t glbal public health security.
Thrugh increased cllabratin, the glbal cmmunity will be better prepared t cpe with climate-related health challenges wrldwide. Examples f such cllabrative actins are: strengthening surveillance and cntrl f infectius diseases, ensuring safer use f diminishing water supplies, and crdinating health actin in emergencies.
1. Wrld Health Day 世界卫生日
2. glbal 世界的
3. adverse 不利的
4. recgnitin 公认，承认，重视
5. security 安全
6.cllabratin 协作
8. infectius 有传染性的
7. surveillance 监视，监督