英语选择性必修 第一册Lesson 1 The Sixth Extinction习题

LESSON 1　THE SIXTH EXTINCTION

[A级——语言点基础练]

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．We ought to ensure something that restores  [(使) 恢复] our lost energy and cheers us up.

2．He gathered a huge mass (大量的) of snow and dug out a hole in the middle.

3．She is popular with her students as her teaching methods are unusual (不平常的)．

4．Another disadvantage of the Internet was that it was affecting (影响) people's private lives.

5．Chicks are hatched [(使)孵化] from the eggs.

6．They have invented a new car, which is powered by solar [太阳光(能)的] batteries.

7．This is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species (物种)．

8．Businessmen feel worried that growing ecommerce will decrease (减少) their share of the market.

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1．A varied (vary) and ancient food culture should be famous worldwide.

2．The glass appears to reflect light naturally (natural)．

3．We can't afford to overlook such serious pollution (pollute) to the environment.

4．On the other hand, there are always some people who view this gap negatively (negative)．

5．This rare bird has become an endangered (endanger) species.

6．Every mother has affection (affect) for her children.

7．They demanded the restoration (restore) of all their lost lands.

Ⅲ.选词填空

1．Even with a right goal and the courage to pursue it, your efforts will be in vain unless you're willing to take action.

2．The old traditions are dying out.

3．Only in this way can we wipe out the enemy troops.

4．He had shown himself careless of personal safety where the life of his colleagues might be at risk.

5．Sadly, according to scientists, the water is getting warmer due to global warming.

6．The government will make accommodations for up to three thousand people.

7．Friendship means having someone I can depend on.

8．In short, he was happy with that result.

Ⅳ.补全句子

1．We can't achieve the goal without your help.

没有你的帮助，我们就不能实现目标。

2．We don't find the book by association. That is, we don't find the book by referring to its contents.

我们不是通过关联来找书，也就是说，我们不会通过其内容来查找。

3．That is a beautiful campus where I made my dreams come true.

那就是成就我梦想的美丽校园。

4．He has found a good job for which he is qualified.

他已经找到了他所胜任的一份好工作。

5．The man who has made up his mind to win will never say “impossible”．

凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说“不可能”的。

Ⅴ.课文语法填空

In the last 500 million years, there have been five times 1.when life on Earth has almost ended. Many 2.scientists  (scientist) say we are now entering the Earth's sixth mass extinction.There is 3.a long list of reasons why so many species 4.are dying (die) out. This time, human activity will be 5.to blame (blame) because human activity is causing species to die out 1,000 times 6.faster (fast) than normal and has 7.negatively (negative) affected all other species on Earth, including animals and plants. If a sixth mass extinction 8.occurs (occur), we would also be 9.at risk of dying out as our world and our lives depend on the balance in nature between animals and plants. In order to avoid the sixth extinction, we need to take steps to stop 10.destroying (destroy) the planet that we live on and start to protect it.

[B级——话题语篇练]

Ⅰ.完形填空

My daughter has been crazy about raising a pet for a long time.

Last spring I bought two small chickens for her. She got 1 and took good care of them.                               2  ， a few days later, both chickens died. She 3 into tears because of their death. I helped her 4 the two chickens under a tree behind our house. I thought it would be the 5 of her idea.

However, I was wrong. Children are children after all. The failure hasn't 6 my daughter in any way. She still tried to keep a small animal or even a snail(蜗牛)．

One day last winter, I  7  under the eaves (屋檐) of the house a family of sparrows (麻雀). My daughter and I could                8               the sparrows as our “pets”， but we didn't.

So I told her to   9 the grains on the windowsill (窗台). A few minutes later, the sparrows came to land on the windowsill 10 and pecked (啄) at the rice. Suddenly my daughter asked me, “Mum, can we catch and cage the sparrows, and let them live with us in the room? How                               11               it is for them to live outside.”

“Oh, my dear, I do not think it's a good idea. You know，” I explained to her. “The sparrow is a bird who loves               12  . No one can keep them in a cage. If they are caught, they will die quickly. They are               13 to living outside. Moreover, they have warm nest under the eaves.”

From then on, we have set up a kind of relationship with the sparrow family. We feed them and 14 them as pet birds. However, we do not need to possess them. We 15 seeing these little birds flying and jumping among branches, leaves and flowers in the spring morning.

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿通过喂养小鸟与它们建立了良好的关系。

1．A.surprised　　　　　　   B．excited

C．disappointed    D．amazed

解析：选B　根据下文的took good care of them可知，女儿很兴奋。excited 兴奋的，符合语境。surprised吃惊的；disappointed失望的；amazed惊讶的。

2．A.Naturally    B．Suddenly

C．Unfortunately    D．Finally

解析：选C　根据下文的both chickens died可知，unfortunately 不幸的是，符合语境。 naturally自然而然地；suddenly突然地；finally最后。

3．A.broke    B．happened

C．burst    D．turned

解析：选C　因为它们的死，她突然大哭起来(burst into tears)。break打破；happen发生；turn转变。

4．A.bury    B．put

C．dig    D．set

解析：选A　根据下文的under a tree behind our house可知，作者帮她把死掉的小鸡埋了。bury埋葬；put放；dig挖；set设置。

5．A.end    B．beginning

C．wish    D．reality

解析：选A　结合上下文可知，作者认为小鸡死后，女儿就不会再养其他小动物了，故此处 “她的想法结束了” 符合语境。end结束；beginning开始；wish希望；reality现实。

6．A.upset    B．encouraged

C．helped    D．impressed

解析：选A　根据下文的“She still tried to keep a small animal or even a snail(蜗牛)．”可知，女儿仍然想养小动物，之前的经历并没有让她沮丧(upset)。encourage鼓励；help帮助；impress使印象深刻。

7．A.stared    B．noticed

C．sensed    D．glared

解析：选B　去年冬天的一天，作者注意到(noticed)屋檐下有几只麻雀。stare凝视；sense感觉到； glare瞪眼看。

8．A.look    B．act

C．catch    D．feed

解析：选C　结合句意可知，要想把麻雀作为宠物，首先得抓住它们，且下文的“Mum, can we catch and cage the sparrows”也有暗示，catch是原词复现。look看；act行动；catch抓；feed喂。

9．A.throw    B．pour

C．pile    D．put

解析：选D　根据上文描述的作者埋葬小鸡以及第四段最后一句可知，作者是一个善良温柔的人，故此处用 “放” 更能体现出这一点。throw扔；pour倾倒；pile堆；put放。

10．A.one after another    B．one another

C．every other    D．each other

解析：选A　几分钟之后，麻雀一只接一只地停到窗台上开始啄食谷物。结合句意可知，此处用 “一只接一只” 来表达麻雀的数量较多。one after another一只接一只；one another相互；every other其余的；each other相互。

11．A.free    B．happy

C．cold    D．warm

解析：选C　结合上文的One day last winter可知事情发生在冬天，所以cold符合语境。free自由的；happy高兴的；warm温暖的。

12．A.freedom    B．spring

C．trees    D．nests

解析：选A　根据下文的“No one can keep them in a cage.”可知，作者告诉女儿没有人能够把麻雀关在笼子里，故推测她告诉女儿它们喜欢自由(freedom)。spring春天；tree树木；nest巢。

13．A.safe    B．proud

C．grateful    D．used

解析：选D　根据上文的“The sparrow is a bird who loves    12  .”可知，麻雀习惯待在户外。safe安全的；proud骄傲的；grateful感激的；be used to doing sth习惯做某事。

14．A.think    B．dream

C．treat    D．appreciate

解析：选C　根据上文的“we have set up a kind of relationship with the sparrow family”可知，作者一家和麻雀建立了很好的关系，故推测他们把麻雀一家当成自己的宠物来对待(treat)。think想，认为；dream梦想；appreciate感激。

15．A.enjoy    B．would like

C．want    D．consider

解析：选A　作者和女儿都是爱鸟之人，所以喜欢看这些小鸟在树枝、树叶和花丛中飞来飞去。enjoy享受，喜欢；would like想；want想；consider考虑，认为。

Ⅱ.语法填空

Hawaii possesses the unique scenery of islands, but pollution takes away all the 1 (beautiful) of the beaches here. I hate to go to the beaches on sunny weekends and see rubbish bags lying on the sand, cigarette butts(烟头) 2  (bury) in the sand, and soda cans floating in the ocean.

  3 really annoys me is that I see tourists who visit Hawaii leave their rubbish on the beaches. I was always taught after drinking soda               4  (throw) the can into the place 5 it should stay — the trash can. It's also                             6  (annoy) that some people walk right by rubbish and pretend that it's not there.

The dogs or the fish are not to blame for it. It's our fault and we must blame               7  (we). Everyone has to do his or her part to solve this problem. It can               8  (hard) be difficult to do the job. There are a lot of things that we can do. First of all, we can help pick               9  rubbish along the beaches. We could also form organizations that help clean up our beaches. More importantly, we need to start now 10 the beaches are damaged beyond repair.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。夏威夷拥有独特的岛屿风光，但污染夺走了这里所有海滩的美丽。文章讲述了夏威夷的污染情况以及所要采取的措施。

1．beauty　考查词性转换。根据空前的the及空后的of可知，此处应用名词。故填beauty。

2．buried　考查非谓语动词。固定结构：see＋宾语＋宾语补足语。此处宾语cigarette butts和bury之间是一种动宾关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填buried。

3．What　考查主语从句。此处是主语从句，连接词在从句中作主语，应用what引导，指代“真正让我恼火的事情”。又因为该单词位于句首，故填What。

4．to throw　考查非谓语动词。be taught to do sth“被教导做某事”。故填to throw。

5．where　考查定语从句。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词是place，在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。

6．annoying　考查词性转换。根据语境可知，此处描述的是“令人烦的事情”，应使用­ing结尾的形容词。故填annoying。

7．ourselves　考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指“责备我们自己”。故填ourselves。

8．hardly　考查词性转换。根据句意，此处应用副词。故填hardly。

9．up　考查介词。根据语境可知，此处是短语pick up“捡起”。故填up。

10．before　考查状语从句。根据设空前后的逻辑关系可知，before“在……之前”符合语境。故填before。