初中英语中考题型汇编高分训练训练 28 完形填空(说明文精选10题)(全国通用)（附答案）

这是一份初中英语中考题型汇编高分训练训练 28 完形填空(说明文精选10题)(全国通用)（附答案），共23页。
The Little Prince, a classic nvel was written by the French pilt and writer, Antine de Saint-Exupéry. It 1 a stry that happened in the Desert f Sahara, abut a pilt and a little prince. The pilt had an accident with his plane. 2 was wrng with his engine. And he made friends with the prince wh fell frm anther planet.
The main 3 in this bk, a special little prince, lived n a small planet knwn as Asterid B-612. It 4 nly three vlcanes(火山) and a rse with surprising beauty. The flwer was rarely fund and charming 5 wrds, but she was als prud and self-centred. And it made the little prince leave his planet because he was 6 t face her. During his jurney, the little prince visited several planets, and had cnversatins with their citizens. Frm them, he fund hw meaningless the wrld f grwn-ups was. Finally, he 7 the Earth, where he was shcked by a heart-breaking fact that his flwer was nt the nly ne in the wrld. At that mment a fx appeared, asking the little prince t “tame” (驯服) him, then he did s. 8 the little prince left, the fx made him believe that the rse was special t him and the meaning f lve and respnsibility. At the end f the stry, the little prince decided t g back hme. The pilt walked 9 with his friend t the place where he landed. He saw a yellw pisnus snake bite the little prince. The next mrning, the pilt was unable t find the prince’s bdy. He finally 10 t repair his plane and leave the desert.
1．A．repeatsB．tellsC．explainsD．writes
2．A．SmethingB．NthingC．EverythingD．Anything
3．A．directrB．characterC．suspectD．actr
4．A．was made fB．was made frmC．was made up fD．was made in
5．A．befreB．beyndC．afterD．behind
6．A．readyB．happyC．unusualD．unable
7．A．arrivedB．gtC．wentD．reached
8．A．AfterB．BefreC．SinceD．Until
9．A．sadlyB．happilyC．excitedlyD．quickly
10．A．failedB．affrdedC．managedD．prmised
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C
【分析】文章大意:短文介绍了著名小说《小王子》,它的作者以及出版的时间,这本书在全世界都很有名,它主要是介绍小王子独自在一个星球上居住,在一次外出游玩时,他得知了一个秘密,于是他与本书的作者进行了交流,述说了这个秘密.
1．句意:它讲述了发生在撒哈拉沙漠的一个故事,一个飞行员和一个小王子.A.重复;B.告诉;C.解释;D.写作.根据短语搭配tell a stry讲故事,可知,此空应填tells,故选B.
2．句意:他的发动机出毛病了.A某事, 某物;B. 没有什么,没有一件东西;C. 每件事, 所有事物;D.任何事情.根据smething is wrng with…某事物出现了问题.可知,此空故填Smething,故选A.
3．句意:这本书中的主角是一位特殊的小王子,住在一个叫做B-612的小行星上.A.导演;B.角色;C.嫌疑人;D.演员.根据句意可知,此句是在介绍书上的人物,所以此空故填character.
4．句意:它由三座火山(火山)和一朵玫瑰组成,美不胜收.A由…做成;B. 由…做成; C. 由…组成;D.在……制造.根据句意可知,此空是由…组成的意思,此空故填was made up f,故选C.
5．句意:这朵花很少被发现,而且迷人得难以言喻.A.在……前;B超出; 除…之外;C.在……后;D.在……后面.根据短语beynd wrds无法用言语表达,符合语境,此空故填beynd,故选B.
6．句意:这让小王子离开了他的星球,因为他无法面对她.A.准备好的;B.快乐的;C.不寻常的;D.不能的.根据前半句可知,由于玫瑰花很骄傲,而且以自我为中心,所以小王子无法面对她,此空故填unable,故选D.
7．句意:最后,他来到了地球上,在那里他被一个令人心碎的事实震惊,那就是他的花不是世界上唯一的一朵.A.到达,不及物;B.到达,不及物;C. 去; 走; 移动,旅行,行走; g的过去式;D.到达,及物.根据上文内容可知,小王子走过了几个星球,最后,他来到了地球上,此空故填.reached,故选D.
8．句意:在小王子离开之前,狐狸让他相信玫瑰对他来说是特别的,是爱和责任的意义.A.在……之后;B.在……之前;C,自从;D直到.根据上下文语境可知,此空是.在……之前的意思,此空故填Befre,故选B.
9．句意:飞行员和他的朋友伤心地走到他降落的地方A.悲伤地;B.快乐地;C.兴奋地D.很快地.根据上文内容可知,因为他要和朋友告别了,所以感到悲伤,此空应填sadly,故选A.
10．句意:他终于设法修好了飞机,离开了沙漠.A.失败;B.买得起;承担得起;C. 勉力完成,设法,管理;D.承诺.根据句意可知,此空是成功做到的意思,此空应填managed,故选C.
【点睛】完型填空,考查学生们在具体语境中运用语言的能力,综合性较强.做题时,应先通读短文,了解大意;然后根据上下文语境的提示做题,先易后难,注意辨析选项中的单词的意思和用法,并注意空前后的搭配;最后应再读一遍短文,检查答案.
(二)
Lndn is the capital f England. It is 1 the suth f England, the city has 2 parts — the Suth and Nrth. In the Nrth there are many imprtant buildings, shps, big parks and interesting places. The climate(气候)f Lndn is 3 . In winter it is nt very cld and in summer it is nt very ht, because the city is 4 the sea.
Peple say that Lndn is a fggy(多雾的)city and it ften rains. It is true. I’m in Lndn nw. Tday I meet 5 fgs than befre. Yu can hardly(几乎不)see yur hands 6 yur face. Cars and buses mve alng with their lights n. When evening cmes, the weather becmes even wrse. The fgs are 7 thick as milk. 8 buses and cars stp. I 9 an imprtant meeting n the ther side f the city, but it is impssible(不可能的)t find a car r a bus. I have t get there 10 .
1．A．atB．nC．inD．t
2．A．twB．furC．threeD．five
3．A．niceB．badC．sunnyD．rainy
4．A．nextB．nearC．inD．f
5．A．thickB．thickerC．thinD．thinner
6．A．in frnt fB．behindC．betweenD．under
7．A．tB．andC．sD．as
8．A．AllB．EachC．EveryD．A
9．A．amB．haveC．dD．has
10．A．by carB．by busC．n ftD．n the ft
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了伦敦的气候和交通.
1．句意:伦敦是英国的首都.它位于英格兰南部,这个城市由南部和北部两部分组成.
A. at 在……;B. n在……上;C. in在……;D. t到…….In the suth f…表示在……的南部.根据题意,故选C.
2．句意:伦敦是英国的首都.它位于英格兰南部,城市由南部和北部两部分组成.
A. tw二;B. fur四;C. three三;D. five五.根据the Suth and Nrth.可知这里是说两部分.根据题意,
故选A.
3．句意:在伦敦的气候是好的.
A. nice漂亮的;好的.B. bad 坏的;C. sunny晴朗的;D. rainy下雨的.根据下文In winter it is nt very cld and in summer it is nt very ht, because the city is 4 the sea.可知上文是说气候是好的.根据题意,故选A.
4．句意:冬天不太冷,夏天也不太热,因为这座城市靠近大海.
A. next下一个;B. near附近的;C. in在……里面;D. f……的.根据上文In winter it is nt very cld and in summer it is nt very ht可知下文是说这个城市在大海附近.根据题意,故选B.
5．句意:今天遇到比以前更大的雾.
A. thick厚的;B. thicker更厚的;C. thin瘦的,薄的;D. thinner更瘦的,更薄的.根据下文Yu can hardly(几乎不)see yur hands 6 yur face可知上文是说更大的雾.这里用形容词的比较级.根据题意,故选B.
6．句意:你几乎看不到你的手在脸前.
A. in frnt f在……前面;B. behind在……后面;C. between两者之间;D. under在……下面.根据上文Yu can hardly(几乎不)see yur hands可知这里是说在你的脸前.根据题意,故选A.
7．句意:雾和牛奶一样浓.
A. t也;B. and和,又;C. s因此;D. as当……的时候.As…as表示和……一样,中间加形容词或副词的原形,根据题意,故选D.
8．句意:所有的公共汽车贺小汽车要停止.
A. All所有的;B. Each每一个;强调单数;C. Every每一个;强调整体;D. A一个.根据下文I 9 an imprtant meeting n the ther side f the city, but it is impssible(不可能的)t find a car r a bus.可知上文说所有的汽车.根据句意,故选A.
9．句意:我在城市的另一边有一个重要的会议,但找不到汽车或公共汽车.
A. am是,主语是I;B. have有,原形;C. d做,原形;D. has有,第三人称单数;这里是有一个重要的会议,主语是I,动词用have.,根据题意,故选B.
10．句意:我不得不步行到那里.A. by car乘小汽车;B. by bus乘公共汽车;C. n ft步行;D. n the ft语法错误.
根据上文I 9 an imprtant meeting n the ther side f the city, but it is impssible(不可能的)t find a car r a bus.可知这里是说步行.根据题意,故选C.
【点睛】完形填空题与单项选择题不同,它给出的是一篇意思较为完整的短文.做该题型试题时,首先应跳过空格通读全文,以全文为背景,联系句子的上下文进行推理和判断,从4个选项中选出一项进行试填.考生可以从词义用法、固定搭配、逻辑推理和上下文的联系等方面去考虑.最后应再把全文通览一遍,细心检查所选答案能否使短文上下连贯,前后呼应,词句通顺,使短文意思完整.检查时还应从语法、惯用法、逻辑推理和事情发生的情节等方面进行考虑,以达到准确无误之目的.如第4小题,根据上文In winter it is nt very cld and in summer it is nt very ht可知下文是说这个城市在大海附近.这里是推断出在海边.故选B.
(三)
It is a cld and dry winter mrning. When yu 1 , yu suddenly feel that yur thrat hurts. Yu begin t sneeze and later yu may cugh. Yu must have a cld! Wait a secnd. Culd it just be a 2 cld r the flu that's been ging arund?
A cld gives yu a runny nse and cugh. But it's usually easy t 3 with. Sme take medicine such as aspirin (阿司匹林) 4 thers try hme treatments like herbal tea r chicken sup. Usually yu feel better after a week.
The flu n the ther hand can be much mre 5 . It usually gives yu fever. Smetimes it can be deadly. The wrst flu, the s-called Spanish Flu f 1918 t 1919, killed abut 50 millin peple, accrding t The Atlantic.
Dn't wrry. Getting a flu vaccine (流感疫苗) can 6 yu frm the virus. Flu vaccines wrk by giving the bdy a small amunt f flu viruses. This causes ur bdy t develp antibdies (抗体). 7 next time yu get the flu, the antibdies can help prtect yu.
Unfrtunately, the flu virus 8 every few years. Therefre, there are s many types f flu, such as H1N1 and H5N1. The antibdies fr ne type f flu can't prtect us against all types f flu. That's 9 we need t get the vaccine every year.
Hwever, gd health 10 may als help t prevent a cld r flu. Washing yur hands ften helps prtect yu frm viruses. Getting regular exercise and eating healthy fd is als imprtant. All these can help yu strengthen yur immune system (免疫系统).
1．A．stand upB．turn upC．give upD．wake up
2．A．cmmnB．littleC．ppularD．strange
3．A．agreeB．dealC．meetD．start
4．A．becauseB．afterC．untilD．while
5．A．interestingB．familiarC．dangerusD．smth
6．A．prtectB．leaveC．recverD．draw
7．A．SB．UnlessC．SinceD．As
8．A．stpsB．changesC．spreadsD．kills
9．A．hwB．whenC．whetherD．why
10．A．clubsB．custmsC．habitsD．hbbies
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文,本文主要讲述了流感的危害以及预防流感的方法.
1．句意:当你醒来时,你突然感到你的喉咙疼.
stand up站起来;turn up出现;give up放弃;wake up醒来.根据前文的“It is a cld and dry winter mrning.”可知是在早上,因此判断是醒来的时候,用动词短语wake up.故选D.
2．句意:是普通的感冒还是流行的流感?
cmmn普通的,常见的;little 小的;ppular受欢迎的;strange奇怪的.根据“A cld gives yu a runny nse and cugh. But it’s usually easy t … with.”可知,感冒很容易处理,因此是常见的,用形容词cmmn.故选A.
3．句意:但是它经常很容易处理.
agree同意;deal处理;meet 遇见;start开始.根据后文的“Sme take medicine such as aspirin(阿司匹林)… thers try hme treatments like herb tea r chicken sup”可知,此处表示处理感冒,用deal with.故选B.
4．句意:一些人服用阿司匹林等药物,而另一些人则尝试草药茶或鸡汤等家庭疗法.
because因为,after在……之后,until直到,while然而.根据sme和thers可知,此处是两种人进行比较,用连词while.故选D.
5．句意:另一方面,流感可能更危险.
interesting有趣的;familiar熟悉的;dangerus危险的;smth光滑的.根据后文 “The wrst flu, the s-called Spain Flu f 1918 t 1919, killed abut 50 millin peple, accrding t The Atlantic.”可知,流感可能会导致人死亡,因此更危险.故选C.
6．句意:接种流感疫苗可以保护你免受病毒感染.
prtect 保护;leave离开;recver恢复;draw拉,画画.此处用动词短语prtect sb. frm sth.表达“保护某人不受某物的伤害”,故选A.
7．句意:所以下次你得流感时,抗体可以帮助保护你.
s所以;unless除非;since自从;as作为.前句表示接种流感疫苗可以让你的身体产生抗体,后一句表示抗体可以帮助保护你,前后表示因果关系,此处用s表示“因此”.故选A.
8．句意:不幸的是,流感病毒每隔几年就会发生变化.
stps停止;changes变化,改变;spreads传播;kills杀死.根据后文的“Therefre, there are s many types f flu”可知,流感有很多种类,每隔几年就会发生变化.故选B.
9．句意:那是为什么我们每年需要接种疫苗的原因.
hw怎样;when什么时候;whether是否;why为什么.that’s后面用why引导表语从句表示“那是为什么我们每年需要接种疫苗的原因”.故选D.
10．句意:然而,良好的健康习惯也可能会帮助你预防感冒或流感.
clubs俱乐部;custms风俗;habits习惯; hbbies爱好.根据后文“Washing yur hands…Getting regular exercise and eating healthy fd”可知,洗手,规律地锻炼,吃健康的食物,这些都是良好的习惯,所以空格处填habits.故选C.
(四)
Prtecting(保护)wild animals is ur duty. Because wild animals are imprtant t us. They live with us n the earth tgether. If there are n animals n the earth,we will nt live n, 1 . S we shuld 2 them t help us live a healthy life.
3 sme peple still dn't realize the imprtance(重要性)f prtecting wild animals. They ften. 4 wild animals fr fd r fr mney. Every day there are many wild animals being killed. S lts f wild animals are 5 .We can't see them any mre. Tday the number f wild animals 6 becming smaller and smaller. If we dn't prtect them,they will all die ut. If this ges n,there will be n animals 7 n the earth.
8 ,mre and mre peple began t d many things t help prtect wild animals. They ask peple 9 wild animals. They get peple t knw that prtecting wild animals is ne f the mst imprtant things. Nw many 10 have made sme laws t prtect wild animals. Nw that(既然)wild animals are s imprtant t man,we shuld d ur best t prtect them.
1．A．tB．alsC．neitherD．either
2．A．take gd care fB．be afraid fC．g away frmD．run after
3．A．AndB．ButC．OrD．Because
4．A．prtectB．buyC．sellD．kill
5．A．in safetyB．in needC．in dangerD．in help
6．A．wasB．wereC．areD．is
7．A．leaveB．leavingC．t leaveD．left
8．A．LuckilyB．SadlyC．UnluckilyD．Clearly
9．A．stpping killingB．t stp t killC．stps t killD．t stp killing
10．A．husesB．citiesC．familiesD．cuntries
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．D
【分析】本文是说明文.短文介绍了保护野生动物的必要性.保护野生动物是我们的责任,因为动物对我们来说非常重要.有些人为了获得钱财和食物杀害动物,造成动物濒临灭绝.越来越多达人意识到了这一点,很多国家通过了保护动物的法律.
1．句意:如果地球上没有动物,我们也不能生存.
考查副词和语境辨析.t也,副词用于肯定句句末;als还,副词;用于句中; neither也不;either也,做副词用于否定句句末.根据we will nt live n是否定句可知,表示也用either,故选D.
2．句意:所以我们为了生活得更健康,应该好好地保护它们.
考查动词短语和语境辨析.take gd care f好好地照顾;be afraid f害怕;g away frm走开;run after追赶,根据上文的动物非常重要可知,我们应该好好保护,故选A.
3．句意:但是仍然有些人没有意识到保护野生动物的重要性.
考查连词和语境辨析. And和; But但是;Or或者; Because因为.结合句意可知是转折关系,用连词but,故选B.
4．句意:他们经常为了食物和钱财杀掉动物.
考查动词和语境辨析. prtect保护; buy买;sell卖;kill杀掉.根据下一句每天有很多动物被杀可知,他们杀掉动物获取钱财和食物,故选D.
5．句意:所以大量的动物处于危险中.
考查介词短语和语境辨析.in safety安全地;in need在困境中;in danger在危险中;in help在帮助,根据上文的很多动物被杀可知,它们处于危险中,故选C.
6．句意:如今野生动物的数目在变得越来越少.
考查动词和语境辨析.A. was是,单数be动词过去式;were是are的过去式;are是,和动词现在分词构成现在进行时态;is是be动词单数和动词现在分词构成现在进行时,根据tday和空格后的现在分词可知是现在进行时;主语是the number f,be动词用单数is,故选D.
7．句意:如果这种状况持续下去,地球上将没有动物可以剩下.
考查动词和语境辨析. leave留下,是原形; leaving是现在分词; t leave是动词不定式;left是过去分词,表示被动关系.根据句意可知动物和留下是被动关系,所以用过去分词,故选D.
8．句意:幸运地是,越来越多的人开始为帮助保护野生动物做很多事情.
考查副词和语境辨析.Luckily幸运地;Sadly悲痛地;Unluckily不幸地;Clearly明显地.根据上下文联系可知,保护动物是幸运地,故选A.
9．句意:他们要求人们停止杀害动物.
考查非谓语动词用法.固定搭配ask sb. t d sth.意为要求某人做某事,后跟动词不定式;动词stp后跟动名词作宾语表示动作已经发生,上文提到一些人杀害动物已经发生,所以stp后跟动名词,故选D.
10．句意:现在很多国家制定了一些保护野生动物的法律.
考查名词和语境辨析.huses房屋;cities城市;families家庭; cuntries国家.根据常识可知,制定法律的是国家,故选D.
【点睛】完形填空集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体,考查语言的综合运用能力,是难度最大的题目.本文从词汇短语方面看,考查了介词、动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词、连词和短语搭配,没有太难的单词出现,都是日常学习中常见的中考高频词汇.第6小题需要注意the number f做主语时的主谓一致,谓语动词用单数;第9题需要四个动词短语意思都认识即可选出,lked at看着; laughed at嘲笑; shuted at对着……叫喊; pinted at指着.第9题考查非谓语动词的用法,需要注意上下文衔接,注意语境,此题易错.
(五)
Custmers in the US spend less mney n Black Friday than previus (以前的) years.
Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving in the US. Thanksgiving is always the furth 1 in Nvember.
Black Friday is traditinally the day when the Christmas shpping perid begins. It is usually ne f the 2 days f the year fr sellers.
Many sellers 3 their prices t encurage shppers t spend their mney. Sme custmers arrive at stres befre they pen, and wait in line fr a chance t buy 4 things.
Last year, Americans 5 a ttal f $57.4 billin ver the fur days (frm Thursday t Sunday). Hwever, this year, experts think that the amunt will 6 t arund $ 50.9 billin.
Black Friday started in the US, but has becme mre ppular in ther 7 recently.
Many custmers frm the UK have started spending mre mney n Black Friday, even thugh British peple dn't celebrate Thanksgiving.
Online seller Amazn UK said that Friday was its busiest day ever. Accrding t the 8 , custmers bught 5.5 millin prducts n Friday, which was arund 64 things per secnd.
Many stres in the UK als ffered cheap 9 , such as TVs, cffee machines and ther electrnic prducts.
In sme stres shppers 10 t leave the stre, even thugh all f the prducts had already been sld ut.
1．A．MndayB．TuesdayC．WednesdayD．Thursday
2．A．busiestB．cldestC．quietestD．lngest
3．A．raiseB．riseC．reduceD．change
4．A．heavyB．bigC．cheapD．special
5．A．madeB．spentC．tkD．paid
6．A．increaseB．addC．drpD．get
7．A．citiesB．muntainsC．twnsD．cuntries
8．A．websiteB．studyC．stryD．diary
9．A．vegetablesB．prductsC．fruitsD．snacks
10．A．hpedB．decidedC．refusedD．tried
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了美国的黑色星期五以及美国消费者在黑色星期五的消费比往年要少.
1．句意:感恩节总是十一月的第四个星期四.
Mnday星期一;Tuesday星期二;Wednesday星期三;Thursday星期四.根据“Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving in the US.”可知,感恩节的第二天是星期五,那么,感恩节应该是星期四,故选D.
2．句意:对于卖家来说,这通常是一年中最繁忙的日子之一.
busiest最繁忙的;cldest最寒冷的;quietest最安静的;lngest最长的.根据“Black Friday is traditinally the day when the Christmas shpping perid begins.”可知,圣诞节购物期开始,对卖家来说是最繁忙的,故选A.
3．句意:许多卖家降低价格以鼓励购物者花钱.
raise举起;rise升起;reduce降低;change改变.根据后文“Many stres in the UK als ffered cheap”可知,这里指降价销售,故选C.
4．句意:一些顾客在开店前就到了商店,排队等着有机会买便宜的东西.
heavy重的;big大的;cheap便宜的;special特别的.根据前文卖家降价销售可知,这里指买便宜的东西,故选C.
5．句意:去年,美国人在这四天里总共花费了574亿美元.
made制造;spent花费;tk花费;paid支付.“smebdy spend sme mney”是固定搭配,意为“某人花钱”,故选B.
6．句意:然而,专家们认为,今年这一数额将降至509亿美元左右.
increase增加;add加上;drp下降;get得到.根据前文可知,去年花费了574亿,而今年是509亿,因此今年同去年相比,下降了.故选C.
7．句意:黑色星期五开始于美国,但最近在其他国家变得更加流行.
cities城市;muntains山;twns城镇;cuntries国家.根据前文“Black Friday started in the US”以及后文“Many custmers frm the UK”可知,黑色星期五虽然起源于美国,但在其他国家也流行起来了,故选D.
8．句意:根据该网站的数据,顾客在周五购买了550万件产品,约为每秒64件.
website网站;study研究;stry故事;diary日记.根据前文“Online seller Amazn UK”可知,此处是从亚马逊网站上得到的数据,故选A.
9．句意:英国的许多商店也提供廉价产品,如电视、咖啡机和其他电子产品.
vegetables蔬菜;prducts产品;fruits水果;snacks小吃.根据后文的电视、咖啡机和其他电子产品可知,这里指产品,故选B.
10．句意:在一些商店里,购物者拒绝离开商店,尽管所有的产品都已经卖完了.
hped希望;decided决定;refused拒绝;tried尝试.根据后文“even thugh all f the prducts had already been sld ut.”可知,即使商店的产品卖光了,消费者还是舍不得离开,“refuse t d”是固定搭配,意为“拒绝”,故选C.
(六)
A different kind f schl in Pakistan is giving pr children a new chance(机会) t study. Smetimes their 1 als cme t study.
The 2 is called Street t Schl. It started in Karachi in 2014. In Karachi, sme parents didn’t want t send their children t schl. There were quite a few children playing n the street every day when 3 parents wrked. Street t Schl was funded(创建) fr these children.
Children at Street t Schl learn reading, writing, English and math. They can als learn 4 t stay healthy and take care f themselves. Als, there are all kinds f sprts 5 and children always have a gd time.
The funder f Street t Schl is Mhammad Hassan. He says, “We started this prgram fr kids, but we 6 quickly that the kids wuld bring their hmewrk withut parents’ signatures(签名). That meant kids were nt getting help at hme t d their hmewrk. Then we 7 t start a special class fr these parents s that they culd help their kids with hmewrk.”
Uzma is a mther, she jined Street t Schl last mnth. She says, “I didn’t g t schl when I was yung. I culd 8 read r write. This is why I am here tday.”
Tahira Bibi is a 9 . She has always wrked as a clthes maker and never gt the chance t g t schl. “I was als 10 in learning when I saw bth my grandsn and granddaughter studying. Learning is really fun,” says Tahira.
1．A．familyB．teachersC．dctrsD．traders
2．A．streetB．prgramC．prblemD．symbl
3．A．myB．herC．urD．their
4．A．whatB．whC．whyD．hw
5．A．pintsB．buildingsC．activitiesD．results
6．A．wke upB．cut upC．felt likeD．fund ut
7．A．stppedB．decidedC．taughtD．fllwed
8．A．alwaysB．smetimesC．hardlyD．nce
9．A．grandmtherB．grandfatherC．mtherD．father
10．A．bredB．relaxedC．interestedD．hungry
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C
【分析】本文是记叙文.短文介绍了巴基斯坦卡拉奇的特殊的街道学校.给贫穷孩子们学习的机会.他们的家长也可以参加到班级,辅导孩子们的作业,家长们也感到有趣.
1．句意:有时,他们的家人也来学习.
考查名词词义和语境辨析.A. family 家人;B. teachers老师;C. dctrs医生; D. traders商人.根据上一句提到孩子,可知和他们一起学习的应该是他们的家人,故选A.
2．句意:这个工程被叫作街道上学.
考查名词词义和语境辨析.A. street街道;B. prgram项目;C. prblem问题;D. symbl象征,符号.根据下文内容可知,这是一个关于孩子教育的项目,故选B.
3．句意:当孩子们的父母工作时,有相当多的孩子在街上玩耍.
考查物主代词词义和语境辨析.A. my我的;B. her她的;C. ur我们的;D. their他们的.根据前面的children孩子们可知,用复数their,故选D.
4．句意:他们还能够学习如何保持健康和照顾他们自己.
考查疑问代词和语境辨析.A. what什么;B. wh谁;C. why为什么;D. hw怎么样.根据句意孩子们学习生存的方式,用hw,故选D
5．句意:还有各种各样的体育活动,孩子们总是玩得开心.
考查名词词义和语境辨析.A. pints得分,目的; B. buildings建筑物;C. activities活动;D. results结果.根据空格前的sprt可知是体育活动,故选C.
6．句意:……但是我们很快发现,孩子们会带来没有他们家长签名的作业.
考查动词短语和语境辨析.A. wke up醒来;B. cut up切碎;C. felt like D. fund ut发现,找到.根据常识可知,后面的事实是他发现的,故选D.
7．句意:后来,我们决定为这些家长开设特殊的班级,以便他们能够帮助孩子写作业.
考查动词和语境辨析.A. stpped停止;B. decided决定;C. taught教;D. fllwed跟随,遵守.根据上一句孩子们在家不能得到写作业的帮助,可知我们决定给家长开设专门的班级,故选B.
8．句意:我几乎不会读和写.
考查副词和语境辨析.A. always总是,一直;B. smetimes有时;C. hardly几乎不; D. nce曾经,一次.根据上一句“我小时候没有上过学”,可知她自己几乎不会读和写,故选C.
9．句意:Tahira Bibi 是一个祖母.
考查名词和语境辨析.A. grandmther祖母; B. grandfather祖父;C. mther母亲;D. father父亲.根据下文的代词she可知是个女性,“当我看见我的孙子和孙女学习,我对学习也感兴趣”,可知Tahira Bibi是个祖母,故选A.
10．句意:当我看见我的孙子和孙女学习,我对学习也感兴趣.
考查形容词和语境辨析.A. bred无聊的;B. relaxed放松的;C. interested有趣的;D. hungry饥饿的.短语be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”,根据后一句Learning is really fun,学习真的是有趣的,可知她对学习感兴趣,故选C.
【点睛】完形填空考查学生们在具体语境中运用语言的能力,综合性较强,学生需具备阅读理解以及逻辑推理的能力.做题时,应先通读短文,掌握大意;然后做题,先易后难,各个击破.注意上下文语境的提示和空前后的固定搭配,仔细辨析选项中单词的意思和用法.例如第8小题,考查了副词的用法,根据上文没有上过学可知几乎不会读和写,故这里应选C.再如第10小题,根据句意可知,当我看见我的孙子和孙女学习,我对学习也感兴趣,短语be interested in对……感兴趣,从后面Learning is really fun她认为学习是有趣的,可知对学习感兴趣,故这里应选C.
(七)
Chinese peple are well-knwn fr being hspitable (好客的). Many even feel that they will lse face if their 1 eat up all the fd n the table. As we all knw, fd waste becmes a 2 prblem in China. Luckily, this situatin can be 3 with the help f a rule.
Accrding t the rule, fd prviders wh encurage r frce peple t 4 t much fd may face fines (罚款) f up t 10,000 yuan. And they shuld remind peple t rder the 5 amunt f fd.
Besides, peple are encuraged t finish all the fd n the dining table. Nw many peple shw their supprt fr the rule by sharing phts and vides f empty 6 nline. And many Chinese peple have 7 the habit f taking leftvers (吃剩的食物) hme.
The purpse f intrducing the rule is nt t 8 anybdy, but t avid fd waste. Wasting fd is nt just a waste f mney, but mre. 9 , it is a waste f resurces (资源). It’s necessary t create an envirnmentally friendly 10 . In a wrd, there is n excuse fr wasting fd.
1．A．leadersB．winnersC．guestsD．fficers
2．A．simpleB．seriusC．pssibleD．different
3．A．changedB．acceptedC．createdD．returned
4．A．sellB．rderC．ckD．taste
5．A．sameB．ttalC．largeD．prper
6．A．chairsB．bwlsC．busesD．rms
7．A．expectedB．brkenC．discveredD．develped
8．A．punishB．allwC．inviteD．understand
9．A．naturallyB．similarlyC．imprtantlyD．interestingly
10．A．scietyB．familyC．schlD．cmpany
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了一项反对食物浪费的规定.
1．句意:许多人甚至觉得,如果客人把桌上的食物都吃光了,他们会很丢脸.
leaders领导者;winners赢家;guests客人;fficers官员.根据空前的“Chinese peple are well-knwn fr being hspitable (好客的).”可知,此处是说,如果自己的“客人们”吃光了桌子上的食物,很多人甚至会觉得丢脸.故选C.
2．句意:众所周知,食物浪费成了中国的一个严重问题.
simple简单的;serius严重的;pssible可能的;different不同的.根据“fd waste becmes a…prblem”可知,此处是说食物浪费成为一个“严重”问题.故选B.
3．句意:幸运的是,这种情况可以在规则的帮助下改变.
change改变;accept接受;create创造;return归还.根据空后的“with the help f a rule”及下文内容可知,此处表示这种情况会有所“改变”.故选A.
4．句意:根据该规定,食品供应商鼓励或强迫人们点太多食物的,将面临最高1万元的罚款.
sell卖;rder点菜;ck烹饪;taste品尝.结合下文中的“they shuld remind peple t rder the…amunt f fd.”可知,此处是说,鼓励或者强迫人们“点太多食物”的供应商可能会面临高达一万元的罚款.故选B.
5．句意:他们应该提醒人们点适量的食物.
same同样的;ttal全部的;large大的;prper恰当的.根据上文“wh encurage r frce peple t…t much fd may face fines (罚款) f up t 10,000 yuan.”可知,此处说强迫人们点太多食物的供应商会面临罚款.因此这里是说应该提醒人们点“适量的”食物.故选D.
6．句意:现在很多人通过在网上分享空碗的照片和视频来支持这项规定.
chairs椅子;bwls碗;buses公共汽车;rms房间.根据上文中的“peple are encuraged t finish all the fd n the dining table.”可知,此处是说,现在很多人通过在网上分享“空碗”的照片和视频的方式来表示自己对该规定的支持.故选B.
7．句意:许多中国人已经养成了把剩菜带回家的习惯.
expected期望;brken违反;discvered发现;develped发展.根据空后“the habit f taking leftvers (吃剩的食物) hme.”可知,此处是固定搭配,develp the habit f...意为“养成……的习惯”.故选D.
8．句意:引入这项规定的目的不是为了惩罚任何人,而是为了避免食物浪费.
punish惩罚;allw允许;invite邀请;understand理解.根据上文中的“may face fines (罚款) f up t 10,000 yuan.”可知,此处说推行这项规定不是为了“惩罚”任何人,而是为了避免食物浪费.故选A.
9．句意:重要的是,它是一种资源浪费.
naturally自然地;similarly相似地;imprtantly重要地;interestingly有趣地.根据“it is a waste f resurces (资源).”可知,浪费食物不仅仅浪费钱,“更重要的是”它浪费资源.故选C.
10．句意:创建一个环境友好型社会是必要的.
sciety社会;family家庭;schl学校;cmpany公司.根据“It’s necessary t create an envirnmentally friendly...”可知,此处是说创建一个环境友好型“社会”是必要的.故选A.
(八)
S far,peple have invented s many things that changed ur life. The first great 1 was ne that is still very 2 tday-the wheel. This made it easier fr us t carry heavy things and 3 lng distances.
Fr hundreds f years after that,there were 4 inventins that had as much effect as the wheel. Then in the early 1800's the wrld started 5 .There was little unknwn land in the wrld. Peple did nt have t explre much any mre. They began t wrk in rder t make life better.
During the secnd half f the 19th century many great inventins 6 .Amng them were the electric light and the radi. These 7 became a big part f ur life tday.
The first part f the 20th century saw 8 great inventins: the helicpter(直升机)in 1903,mvies with sund in 1927,and jet planes in 1937.This was 9 a time when a new material was first made. Nyln came ut in 1935.It changed the kind f clthes peple had been 10 .
1．A．inventinB．fdC．inventrD．animal
2．A．uselessB．impssibleC．imprtantD．cmfrtable
3．A．sailB．flyC．mveD．travel
4．A．littleB．a littleC．fewD．a few
5．A．t changeB．t changingC．changedD．change
6．A．are madeB．can be madeC．has been madeD．were made
7．A．bthB．allC．whleD．thing
8．A．muchB．mreC．lessD．mst
9．A．alsB．tC．eitherD．as well
10．A．wearingB．putting nC．wrnD．put n
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．A
【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了一些重大发明.如:对我们现在依然很重要的伟大发明——车轮.作者还着重介绍了十九世纪下半叶及二十世纪上半叶的一些重要发明.
1．句意:第一个伟大,今天仍然重要的发明是——车轮.
A. 发明; B. 食物; C. 发明者; D. 动物.根据上文peple have invented s many things that changed ur life.及后文-the wheel,故选A.
2．句意:第一个伟大,今天仍然重要的发明是——车轮.
A. 无用的; B. 不可能的; C. 重要的; D. 舒服的.车轮的发明在今天依然重要,结合选项,故选C.
3．句意:这使得我们运送重物及远距离旅行都更容易.
A. 航行; B. 飞; C. 移动; D. 旅行.根据上文提及的发明是车轮,所以该句中的主语指代wheel.A、B选项的出行方式和车轮无关;C项从意思上不及D项合理.travel lng distances远距离旅行,故选D.
4．句意:在这之后的几百年时间里,几乎没有像车轮那样大有影响的发明.
little与a little修饰不可数名词,few与a few修饰可数名词.little与few表示否定,a little与a few表示肯定.根据后文Then in the early 1800's the wrld started 5 .可知“几乎没有像车轮那样大有影响的发明”,故选C.
5．句意:在十九世纪初期,世界开始改变.
start t d意为“开始做某事”,故选A.
6．句意:在十九世纪下半叶,许多伟大的发明产生了.
根据时间“During the secnd half f the 19th century”及主语是动作承受着,可知该句用一般过去时的被动语态,故选D.
7．句意:这些都成为我们生活的重要部分.
A. bth两者都;B. all(三个或三个以上)都 C. whle整个,侧重一个整体; D. thing事情,东西.these作形容词时修饰名词复数,所以排除D.主语these指代上文提及的many great inventins,数量多于两个,故选B.
8．句意:在二十世纪上半叶,能看到更多的伟大发明,如1903年的直升飞机,1027年的有声电影,1937年的喷气式飞机.
much修饰不可数名词;less是little的比较级,修饰不可数名词;mre更多,是much/many的比较级;mst是是much/many的最高级.根据inventins可以排除much,less,结合上下文可知这里指和十九世纪下半叶比有更多的发明,故选B.
9．句意:这也是新材料初次产生的时期.
A. als用于句中,位于助动词/系动词/情态动词之后,实义动词之前;B. t用于肯定句句末;C. either也,用于否定句句末; D. as well也,通常用于肯定句句末.根据空格位置,故选A.
10．句意:它改变了人们过去一直以来的穿衣类型.
put n穿上,表示动作;wear穿着,表示状态.had been ding过去完成进行时态.结合句意,故选A.
(九)
When I gt hme the ther day, I fund a lvely red envelpe(信封) waiting fr me. It was a nte frm a friend f mine, cngratulating(祝贺) me n my new bk. It was 1 unexpected and jyful.
In a 2 wrld where everyne is t rushed fr everything, here are sme ways that yu can be a mre wnderful human:
Rediscver snail mail
And nt just fr life’s big events. Cnsider 3 nes yu can stick a stamp n and send lve tward. Maybe smene lst their dg, and yu want t express yur 4 . Maybe a classmate did smething brave, and yu want t shw gratefulness r thanks.
Smile and dial
When was the last time yu 5 smene t wish them a happy birthday, t get well r t say thank yu? Text messages are great. But when smene picks up the phne, yu hear their vice and can share a laugh (r even a cry) tgether, and it 6 an emji(表情符号) any day f the week.
Ask smene their gals + give a little smething
Ask smene abut their gals fr the year is a very generus act. This kind f questin ges 7 surface(表面的) cnversatin and leads yu t really get t knw a persn. Ask just ut f curisity.
Besides, give them smething that might help them: a bk, a cnnectin, r even just a few wrds f 8 .
Share yur blessings
I made a prmise earlier this year t give a little mney every mnth t charity. I 9 myself ften f smething that Anne Frank wrte: “Hw wnderful it is that 90 need wait a single mment befre starting t imprve the wrld.” The pwer’s always urs.
1．A．cmpletelyB．carefullyC．crrectlyD．peacefully
2．A．lazyB．busyC．crazyD．silly
3．A．luckierB．betterC．smallerD．stranger
4．A．sadnessB．carelessnessC．happinessD．illness
5．A．askedB．tldC．mistakeD．called
6．A．lsesB．shutsC．stealsD．beats
7．A．thrughB．beyndC．acrssD．fr
8．A．encuragementB．develpmentC．gvernmentD．instrument
9．A．reachB．recrdC．remindD．remember
90．A．everybdyB．nbdyC．anybdyD．smebdy
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 90．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文,作者给读者介绍几种然自己更完美人类的方式:重新发现普通邮件的美妙;微笑和打电话;问某个人他们的目标和给一些对他们有益的东西以及分享你的祝福.
1．句意:它完全是出人意料的和令人愉快的.
cmpletely完全地;carefully仔细地;crrectly正确地;peacefully和平地.此处用副词cmpletely修饰形容词unexpected和jyful,表示“完全地”.故选A.
2．句意:在一个忙碌的世界里每个人都为了每件事太匆忙.
lazy懒的;busy忙的;crazy疯狂的;silly愚蠢的.根据“t rushed fr everything”可知此处用形容词busy,表示“忙碌的”.故选B.
3．句意:考虑到更小的事件,你能贴邮票或者发出你的爱来进行普通邮寄.
luckier更幸运的;better更好的;smaller更小的;stranger更奇怪的.根据“nt just fr life’s big events”不要只是考虑到生活中的大事件,可知此处用smaller表示“小一点的”.故选C.
4．句意:可能是某人失去了狗,你想表达你的伤心.
sadness悲伤;carelessness不小心;happiness幸福;illness疾病.根据“smene lst their dg”可知此处用名词sadness表示“伤心”.故选A.
5．句意:什么时候是你最后一次打电话给某人祝他生日快乐,祝他康复或者说谢谢他?
asked问;tld告诉;mistake犯错;called打电话.根据“dial”可知此处表达“打电话”.故选D.
6．句意:但是当某人拿起电话,你听到他们的声音,能一起分享笑声或者哭泣,它能打败一周任何一天的表情符号.
lses失去;shuts关闭;steals偷;beats打败.根据“Text messages are great”以及“when smene picks up the phne”可知此处表达打电话比发信息更好,此处it指代的是打电话,emji指代的是发信息,用动词beat.故选D.
7．句意:这种问题超过表面的谈话,引导你真的开始了解一个人.
thrugh通过;beynd超过;acrss通过;fr为了.此处用动词短语g beynd表示“超过”.故选B.
8 ．句意:除此以外,给他们一些可能帮助他们的东西:一本书,一个连接,或者甚至只是几句鼓励的言语.
encuragement鼓励;develpment发展;gvernment政府;instrument器具.根据“might help them”可知此处表达“鼓励的话”.故选A.
9．句意:我经常提醒我自己安妮弗兰克所说的话:“人们不需要等待就可以改善这个世界,这是多么美好.”
reach达到;recrd记录;remind提醒;remember记住.此处用的是动词短语remind sb. f sth.表示“提醒某人某事”.故选C.
10．句意:我经常提醒我自己安妮弗兰克所说的话:“人们不需要等待就可以改善这个世界,这是多么美好.”
everybdy每个人;nbdy没有人;anybdy某个人;smebdy某个人.根据“wnderful”可知此处表达的是“没有人需要等待”,用不定代词nbdy.故选B.
(十)
Fr thusands f years,peple farmed the land. They grew fruits and vegetables. They hunted and fished fr meat. They 1 clth, dyes(染料) and paper frm plants. They used stne and metal fr weapns and tls.
Peple prgressed t making machines pwered 2 water and steam(蒸汽), and even later, by cal, il, and petrl. Large cities were built. Factries 3 f machines created jbs in the cities fr thusands f peple. The Industrial Revlutin(工业革命) changed the lives f many peple because, fr the first time, mre peple lived in cities than n 4 .
Cmpanies built pwer plants(工厂) t make 5 t run the machines,factries and cities.
Peple did nt realize these activities were 6 the Earth. They didn't realize il, gas, cal and minerals were being used up 7 . 8 cities grew bigger and spread acrss the land. plants and animals began t disappear. Their nature hmes were destryed(破坏) as peple mved int new places.
As time passed, peple began t 9 the need t prtect the Earth and its natural resurces(资源). They saw that plants and animals needed prtectin,s they wuldn't disappear frever. Peple jined tgether t tell 100 arund the wrld t cnserve(节约) ur natural resurces and care fr the Earth. And s. Earth Day was brn. Each year,mre and mre peple take part in Earth Day. What can yu d t help?
1．A．separatedB．washedC．madeD．mixed
2．A．asB．frC．withD．by
3．A．fullB．prudC．sickD．shrt
4．A．muntainsB．riversC．grasslandsD．farms
5．A．metalB．waterC．electricityD．il
6．A．helpingB．harmingC．wastingD．lsing
7．A．clearlyB．hardlyC．quicklyD．slwly
8．A．BefreB．IfC．AsD．Thugh
9 ．A．frgetB．seeC．rememberD．get
10．A．themB．therC．antherD．thers
【答案】
1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．D
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了是人类的活动给地球带来了危害,现在人们越来越意识到保护地球的重要性.
1．句意:他们用植物做布、染料和纸.
A. separated分离;B. washed洗;C. made制作;D. mixed混合.根据上文Fr thusands f years,peple farmed the land. They grew fruits and vegetables. They hunted and fished fr meat.可知下文是制作布料,燃料和纸张.根据题意,
故选C.
2．句意:人们开始制造由水和蒸汽驱动的机器,甚至后来又发展到由煤、油和汽油驱动的机器.A. as作为;B. fr为了;C. with带有,具有;D. by通过.根据下文and even later, by cal, il, and petrl. Large cities were built.可知上文是用介词by.根据题意,
故选D.
3．句意:满是机器的工厂为数千人在城市创造了就业机会.
A. full满的;B. prud骄傲的;C. sick生病的;D. shrt短的.这里是充满的意思,full f…充满,根据题意,故选A.
4．句意:住在城市的人比住在农场的人多.
A. muntains山脉;B. rivers河水;C. grasslands草原;D. farms农场.根据上文mre peple lived in cities可知下文是说农场.根据题意,故选D.
5．句意:公司建造发电厂来发电,以运行机器、工厂和城市.
A. metal金属;B. water水;C. electricity电;D. il油.根据下文t run the machines,factries and cities.可知上文是发电.根据题意, 故选C.
6．句意:人们没有意识到这些活动正在伤害地球.
A. helping帮助;B. harming有害;C. wasting浪费;D. lsing失去.根据上文Peple did nt realize these activities可知下文是在伤害地球.根据题意,故选B.
7．句意:他们没有意识到石油、天然气、煤炭和矿产正迅速被消耗殆尽.
A. clearly清晰地;B. hardly几乎不;C. quickly快速地;D. slwly慢地.这里是说快速地用完.根据题意,
故选C.
8．句意:随着城市规模的扩大和遍布全国.动植物开始消失.
A. Befre在……之前;B. If如果;C. As当……的时候;随着;D. Thugh通过.根据下文plants and animals began t disappear. Their nature hmes were destryed(破坏) as peple mved int new places.可知,这里是当……的时候;随着.根据题意,故选C.
9．句意:随着时间的推移,人们开始意识到保护地球及其自然资源的必要性.
A. frget忘记;B. see看见;C. remember记住;D. get得到.根据下文prtect the Earth and its natural resurces(资源)可知这里是说开始看到.根据题意,故选B.
10．句意:人们联合起来告诉世界各地的其他人们保护我们的自然资源和保护地球.
A. them他们;B. ther 其他的;C. anther另一个;D. thers别的,其他的,代词.根据下文arund the wrld t cnserve(节约) ur natural resurces and care fr the Earth可知,这里是说全世界的其他人们.根据题意,故选D.【点睛】完形填空题与单项选择题不同,它给出的是一篇意思较为完整的短文.做该题型试题时,首先应跳过空格通读全文,以全文为背景,联系句子的上下文进行推理和判断,从4个选项中选出一项进行试填.考生可以从词义用法、固定搭配、逻辑推理和上下文的联系等方面去考虑.最后应再把全文通览一遍,细心检查所选答案能否使短文上下连贯,前后呼应,词句通顺,使短文意思完整.检查时还应从语法、惯用法、逻辑推理和事情发生的情节等方面进行考虑,以达到准确无误之目的.如第4小题,是名词辨析.句意:住在城市的人比住在农场的人多.A. muntains山脉;B. rivers河水;C. grasslands草原;D. farms农场.根据上文mre peple lived in cities可知下文是说农场.根据题意,故选D.