人教新目标中考语法专项：宾语从句 练习
展开初中英语知识精讲 宾语从句 讲义纲要：1、本讲课程主要涉及：（1）.时态一致 （2）.人称一致 （3）.陈述语气 （4）.标点随主句 教学任务：掌握宾语从句的十大要点及考点。知识概况：宾语从句的宾语部分中有一个从句充当宾语。初中英语考点着重考察语序与时态。知识站点： 初中英语知识考点一览表 12345678910111213141516 句子结构时态语态名词冠词代词形副介词数词连词非谓语动词情态动词宾语从句定语从句简单句情景交际知识精讲： 一、概念 宾语从句的宾语部分中有一个从句充当宾语。 二、可接宾语从句的动词 say 、tell 、think、 know、 see、 hear、 hope、 guess、 find、 feel 等，或由形容词构成的系表结构，如：afraid、 sure、 glad、 sorry等 三、宾语从句的标点符号。 宾语从句的标点符号取决于主句，如果主句是陈述句，句尾用句号；如果主句是疑问句，句尾用问号。 四、引导词。 1、that （从句是陈述句时，引导词用that ，它本身无词义，不充当成分，在口语中可省略，但在正式场合不可省。） 2、if或whether （从句是一般疑问句时用if 或whether ，含义是“是否”。） if、whether 一般情况下可以互换，但在构成whether…or not 句式只用whether 3、连接代词、连接副词（从句是特殊疑问句时用） 连接代词（what、 which、 who、 whose ） 连接副词（when、 where、 how 、why ） 五、宾语从句的同义句转换。 在宾语从句中经常会出现“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构，它可与“疑问词+主语+情态动词+动词原形”进行同义句转换。 Can you tell me how I can get to the station？ Can you tell me how to get to the station？ 六、宾语从句的语序。 宾语从句的语序都用陈述句语序（即正常的主谓语序） He says that Jim will miss a lot of lessons . He asked whether we should hold a sports meeting . Do you know what the population of Dalian is ？ 七、宾语从句的时态。 1、主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要选用任何时态。 He says that he is good at English He says that he has been ill for two days I don’t know if he will come tomorrow 2、主句是一般过去时，从句可根据需要用相应的过去某种时态。（即一般过去时、过去将来时、过去完成时等） He asked me where I lived He said that she had been ill for two days She said that she would return soon 3、当从句讲述的是客观事实或真理时，从句时态不受主句的影响，都用一般现在时。 The teacher said “light travels faster than sound” He said that the earth is round 特例：Could you tell me …委婉的语气，常按照一般现在时处理。 Could you tell me where the nearest hospital is ？ 八、语从句的从句中不再有助动词。即一般现在时的助动词do ，does ，一般过去时的助动词did. Do you like speaking English ？He wants to know .（改为宾语从句） He wants to know if you like speaking English 九、如果简单句变成了宾语从句，那么其谓语动词要相应的变化。常见的一般过去时的动词应用过去式；一般现在时的如果主语是第三人称单数的，动词要用单三形式，如果主语不是第三人称单数，动词都用原形；其他时态变成相应的时态的结构即可。 十、宾语从句变否定句。 如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we 时，并且谓语动词多为think、guess、believe等表示心理活动的词时，变否定句要否定转移，即否定主句。否则，变否定句看从句。 I think chicken can swim （变否定句） I don’t think chicken can swim He said that he would go shopping（变否定句） …… He said that he would not go shopping 宾语从句的时态问题一览表随堂训练： 1．—Can you tell me ________?—He lives in Shanghai. A. where Mark lives B. where does Mark liveC. where Mark lived D. where did Mark live 2．—Excuse me. Could you tell me ________ about the local history and culture? —Of course. You can check it on this computer. A. how can I get the information B. what information did I get C. where I can get the information D. that I got the information 3．—Look at the stone bridge! Do you know ________ it was built? —In the 1860s. It is quite old. A. when B. how C. where D. why 4．—David asked ________ in China. —Of course not. Chinese usually shake hands with a lady as a greeting. A. why he can greet a lady by kissing her B. why he could greet a lady by kissing her C. whether he can greet a lady by kissing her D. whether he could greet a lady by kissing her 5．—Mum, can you tell me ________? I dreamed of him last night. —Next week. A. when my dad comes back B. where my dad goes C. when my dad will come back D. where my dad will go 6．—2015 is an El Nino(厄尔尼诺) year. Many places may be short of water. Bejing a student, I want to do something, but I wonder ________. —Oh, you can do some small things such as turning off the tap while brushing teeth. A. what I am supposed to do B. how should I protect our home C. why it can cause such bad weather7．—Don’t you tell me that they have gone to Australia?—Sure. But I don't know _________. A. when they have come back B. when have they come back C. when did they come back8．—Hi, Tony! Do you know ________ ?—Yes, there is a coffee shop at the corner of the street. A. when I can a cup of coffee B. when can I get a cup of coffee C. where I can get a cup of coffee D. where can I get a cup of coffee 语音训正：辅音 /tʃ/ /dʒ/的例句1. Change your attitude, change your life. 改变你的态度，改变你的生活。2. Every advantage has its disadvantage.每个优势本身都有它的不足。3. Genius is nothing but labor and diligence. 天才是勤劳工作的结果。 辅音 /ts/ /dz/的例句1. Kill two birds with one stone. 一石二鸟。2. There are spots in the sun.即使太阳上也有黑斑/凡事无完美。3. Two heads are better than one.三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮。
