译林英语六年级词的运用语法汇总

1，like + 名词复数（表示喜欢什么东西） I like apples.  She likes monkeys.   like + 动词ing  (表示喜欢做什么事)   Mike likes running.    My sister likes playing the piano. 2，go + 动词ing (表示去干什么事，通常指去做某项运动)   go swimming , go fishing, go shopping.   go+ to (do)  (也表示去干什么事，强调动作)    go to play,    go to see their aunt. 3，would like = want (表示想要)  （1）想要什么东西，后面直接跟名词：I would like some milk.                             （2）想要做什么事，would like to (do) = want to (do)                               (3) 想成为 want to be ……=  would like to be  4，need +to (do) (表示需要做某事)  You need to clean you desk.   try +to (do) (表示试着做某事)  The students are trying to follow the oders.   have+ to (do) /  has +to (do) /  had+ to (do) (表示不得不做某事)  have, has ,had 要随主语和时态变化。   how +to (do) (表示怎样做某事)       How to go to the shopping centre.   can’t wait +to(do)(表示等不及做某事)   I can’t wait to eat the cake. 5，shall we + 动词原形（我们做…. 好吗？）   let / let’s + 动原 （让….做）   情态动词（can, could, shall, should, must, will, would, may） +动词原形。 他们的否定形式也是加动原。 6，excited (兴奋的) ， exciting(令人兴奋的)  -------看主语，主语是人+ed, 主语是事情+ing.                                   The children are excited.       The football game is very exciting,. 7，动词+ 副词 (副词用来修饰动词，让动作更生动) She dances beautifully.      He speaks English well.副词的特征     （1）形容词后加ly.      （2）本身不变：fast, high, hard, early, late, well 特殊副词：频率副词（always, usually, often, sometimes, never）表示动作发生的频率（人称后，动词前）    地点副词（here,there,home）to 遇到它们要省略---get here/ there/ home/-------区别(get to school) 8，be (am. is, are, was, were) +形容词               Nancy is a beautiful girl.    My English is good. 9，感观动词（feel, look, sound, smell,taste ）              I feel happy,    She looks sad.    keep (保持) ，stay(保持) ，make(使…)    后面跟形容词。 Keep our classroom clean. Stay safe on the road.   Be 动词（am, is are,was,were）                      The children are tired    It was sunny yesterday. 10，be + 天气类形容词（sunny, cloudy, windy, rainy, snowy, foggy ------特征：以y结尾）                        It’s rainy today.      The weather became windy and cloudy.没有be 就用动词 ：  It rained heavily yesterday.      It rains a lot 区别：rain (动词，下雨)           It rained yesterday.   昨天下雨了      rain (不可数名词，雨水)    There is a lot of rain in summer here.这儿的夏天有大量的雨水。     rainy(形容词，多雨的，雨天)   it is rainy today. 今天是雨天。 11，不可数名词：（1）液体类：milk, juice, coffee, cola, tea, oil, water, rain, porridge            (2) 难数的：hair,  paper,  bread,  meat,  fish,  rice,  coal,               用单数is, （3）抽象类(或总称)：energy, plastic, wood, food, fruit, cereal ,rubbish, sweet food    或过去的was.  12，总是以复数形式 （1）食品类：vegetables,  noodles,  sweets,                       用复数are    出现的名词。   (2) 特殊类： people,  fish(活鱼的复数),                         或过去的were                  (3) 成双成对类：shoes, jeans, trousers, socks, gloves, chopsticks, glasses, 13，  许多，大量（ a lot of， lots of,） 后面既可以跟可数名词的复数，也可跟不可数名词。                                     There are a lot of books.           There is a lot of rice.      许多，大量 （many, much）(1) many 后面跟可数名词的复数（are,were），   many potatoes.（2）much 跟不可数名词 (is, was)  There is much meat on the plate. 14,    一些，几个，少量（a few-------比some 少些） 后面跟名词复数。 I eat a few eggs every week.      一点 （a little） 后面跟不可数名词。    She only eats a little sweet food. 15， must 必须，mustn’t 禁止 （语气较强烈，通常用在规则，和法规中） You mustn’t play on the road.Can,可以，能，会can’t 不会，不能，不可以，没法（语气中等，表示能力，许可） You can go.Should 应该，shouldn’t 不应该 （表示建议，语气较弱）  you should finish you homework first.一般疑问句及回答： Must I go to see the doctor?     Yes, you must.    /   No, you  needn’t. 16，一般将来时结构：be going to +动原   （计划，打算，将要） ------主语通常为人 will     + 动原   （将要）            ------适合任何主语     I am going to play the piano at the party .    =    I will play the piano at the party.    There be 一般现在时： There is    一般过去时： there was     一般将来时：There will be                         There are                there were 17，定冠词the 的用法。（1）序数词前加the.  The first day, /  the second day of Chinese New Year.                     (2) same 的前面加the.    They look the same. /   we have the same hobby.                    (3)专有名词前加the.  The sun, the moon ,the Summer Palace,  the Palace Museum                                       The History Museum.  The Great Wall.  什么时候不能加the. (1) 名字前面不能加. Let’s go to the cinema.--------Let’s go to Hong Xing cinema.       (2) 不能和代词（my, your….., this, that…….）连用,      This is the first lesson.                                                           This is my first lesson. 18，动词加介词的组合： pick up(捡起),   wake  up（吵醒）， put on(穿上)  （1）东西的具体名称放在最后多也可以放中间： pick up the pens.   Wake the lion up.   Put on the coat (2)  代词必须放中间：                       pick them up,      wake him up.      Put it on. 19，和介词to 搭配的动词有：    （1） show……to (向谁展示)，please show your stamps to us.—(同义句) Please show us your stamps.     (2)   write ……to (写…..给谁)  She writes an email to me   -----------  She writes me an email.     (3)   give ……to (把….. 给谁)  give presents to them      ------------  give them presents.     (4)   send……to ( 寄…..给谁)  send some cards to him     ------------  send him  some cards. 20，动词，介词后用人称代词的宾格。Miss Li teaches us English.    This present is for him.                                         动词                           介词21，介词（for, about, of, at, in, on ,….. ）后面跟动词ing.   Mike is good at running.                                                    What about going fishing?  22，在某个节日可以用on/at：(1) 节日中有Day 的用on, 如： on Children’s Day.    On Christmas Day.                        (2) 节日中没有Day用at,如： at Spring Festival,  at Halloween  at Christmas. 23, 形容词：healthy 健康的 ------ keep healthy,   be healthy  , a healthy diet,  a healthy life.  healthy food   名词：  health   健康  -------milk is good for your health  , our health.       24, 形容词：safe (安全的)    keep safe,    stay safe,     be(am,is are, was were) safe,    名词：  safety (安全)    road safety,   food safety,   safety is first.   副词：  safely(安全地)   cross the road safely.     Walk safely,   drive safely,  25，动词出现在句子首位  (1) 加ing 变成动名词（作为事物的名称）   Swimming is good for us.(游泳这项运动)                        (2) 加to 变成动词不定式（为了做某件事，强调接下来要做的动作）                           To make  my dream come true, I will study hard .(为了使我的梦想实现) 26，（1）学科类名词：Art,   PE,   English,  Maths,    Chinese,   Music,   Science,   Social Science,后面直接跟lesson.   如： an Art lesson,    an English lesson,  a Maths  lesson,  a Science lesson.喜欢什么课程（subject） I like Art,    I like Music,   I like Science.   I like English. （2）,但有些动词要先加上ing 变成名词，再加lesson 表示课程。 如： dancing lesson,  cooking lesson,  singing lesson,  painting lesson.  Cooking school, dancing shoes.We are having an dancing lesson.     He will go to cooking school.   She will have painting lessons. 27，区别：look out     小心提防（提醒别人，作为固定词组单独使用）   Look out,  the floor is wet.          look out for…..   小心提防……..(后面需要跟小心提防什么事物)  Look out for cars and bikes.   look out of the window 朝窗外看（朝…..外看，通常跟窗子，门搭配）.Look out of the window, it’s raining. 28，易混淆 ：  care about (关心，在乎)     关心牙齿，在乎身体         （强调内心的情感）   take care of (爱护，照顾) = look after      照顾小孩，病人  (强调工作或任务)    read about (看，读到关于…….书)          find out about (找出，弄清关于……内容)  learn about (学习关于…..知识)              talk about (谈论…..事情)  one day 一天 ， that day 那天  (表示过去)           this morning 今天上午    (表示过去)some day 某天，（表示将来）                       this afternoon ,this evening  (表示将来) 29，感叹句     (1)How + 形容词        How beautiful!    How nice!   How clever!                (2)What + 名词或名词词组   (单数词组) What a day!        What a beautiful flower!                                         (复数词组)  What nice cakes!    What beautiful flowers! 30，不定代词（不确定是谁的代词）someone某人, anyone任何人,  something某事  ,anything,任何事 Somebody 某人，anybody 任何人，no one /no body 没人，nothing 没事，everything 每件事，everyone每个人（这些词都不确定是什么，所以看成单数，后面跟is或was.）31，在标志类名称中：No+动词ing,   No smoking,  No littering, No eating or drinking,  No parking  32，和to 搭配的动词有：    Use ……..to …….使用…….来做……..     we use wood to make tables. = we make tables with wood.    Reuse….. to ……再利用…..来做……      we reuse old newspapers to make paper flowers. 33，名词以“o”结尾的名词变成复数（1）植物类有生命的加es：tomatoes, potatoes, mangoes,                                   (2) 无生命的加s：   pianos,  radios,  photos,      名词以“oo”结尾的只加“s” ： zoos,  kangaroos. 以“y”结尾的  (1) “以辅音字母+y”的要去y加ies,  名词有如：hobbies, diaries libraries, babies., families, parties                                     动词有：flies., tries, carries, studies, copies,(2) “元音字母+ y”结尾的直接加s,   名词有如：holidays, monkeys, keys, days, ways, boys, toys       (a, e, i, o, u,)                  动词有：plays, stays, says, buys,     34，职业类单词： （1） 以“or”结尾的：doctor,  visitor,  actor       (2)以“er”结尾的有： player, singer, painter, farmer, worker, writer, dancer, driver,        (3)以“ist” 结尾的有： science----scientist, art----artist,  piano----pianist,       (4)单独记： an astronaut,   a cook,   a policeman,   35,区别be(am, is are, was, were,)和助动词（do, does, did）,他们俩就相当是一对仇人，有我没你，有你没我。  （1）助动词和动词原形是一对好朋友，当句中有动词原形，记得请他的好朋友助动词来帮助他。                                    _________ he go to school early this morning?   (2) be和动词ing 是好朋友，却和动词原形是一对死敌。 句中没有动词就请be出来  __________she running?               _________your sister at home yesterday? 36,现在进行时： be +动词ing,    关键词：look, listen, now.   一般现在时：看主语是不是三单，是三单动词加s或es,             关键词：always, often, usually, sometimes, never, every…..,  at the weekends,  on Sundays.  一般过去时：把动词变成过去式。            关键词：just now,  a moment ago, ……ago,  before….. then, from then on ,just then, one day,                   Last …..,  this morning. Yesterday,  一般将来时：be going to +动原，    will+动原             关键词：tomorrow, next….., this afternoon, this evening, soon, ……later, in a minute, some day.                     In the future.37，在疑问句和否定句中，some 要变any,  and要变or.   但有特例：当这句话是征询别人意见，期望得到肯定的答复时，some 不变。   Would you like some……?   Do you want some…..,?    May I have some……?   What about some….? 38，it’s time for+名词，  it’s time to +动词    help +动词原形，       帮助某人做某事   finish +动词ing,       完成做什么事    start +to do    begin +to do     开始做什么事