所属成套资源:外研版2024初中英语八年级下册课件+教案+试题
新外研版初中英语八下Unit3 What makes a great team知识清单(无答案)
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Unit 3 What makes a great team?一、知识点清单知识点1:Thank you for making me director of our drama, Snow White. 感谢您让我成为我们的戏剧《白雪公主》的导演。(教材P36)知识点2:It is a great honour for me. 这对我来说是莫大的荣幸。(教材P36)【详解】It is a great honour for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是一种很大的荣幸。(也可写作honor,发音以元音音素开头,其前有不定冠词时应用an)此处honour为名词,意为“荣幸”,通常用单数形式。It’s a great to be invited here today. 今天承蒙邀请到此,深感荣幸。拓展(1)honour作名词时,还可意为“荣誉;名誉”。This brought great to our country. 这给我们的国家带来了极大的荣誉。(2)honour作动词时,意为“尊重;表示敬意”。Some old people put zongzi in Miluo River to the ancient poet — Qu Yuan. 一些老人把粽子投进汨罗江中,以纪念古代诗人屈原。(3)in honour of sb./sth.为了表示对某人/某事物的敬意;为了纪念……;为了庆祝……He said that in of Labour Day, the family planned to do some cleaning. 他说为了庆祝劳动节,全家人计划打扫卫生。知识点3:I’ve never been a leader before. 我以前从未担任过领导者。(教材P36)【详解】leader /ˈli:də/ n. 领导者To Eliza’s surprise, her teammates chose her as their ! 令伊丽莎惊讶的是,她的队友们选她当她们的领导者!拓展(1)leader[可数名词]处于领先地位的人(或物)The company is a world in goods. 这家公司的产品在全世界首屈一指。(2)lead(led,led)[动词]带路,领路;引领He us into the garden. 他领我们进了花园。知识点4:But a problem appeared during the very first task—giving out the roles. 但是在第一项任务中就出现了一个问题——分配角色。(教材P36)【详解】give out 分发;发出(光、热等);耗尽;用尽(1)give out在此处意为“分发”,是“动词+副词”型短语。The teacher is out books to the class. 老师正在给全班同学发书。Can you see the papers on the desk?Give (必须放在give与out之间) out to the students. 你看到桌子上的那些试卷了吗?把它们发给学生。(2)发出(光、热等)When you eat dessert, your brain dopamine.当你吃甜食时,你的大脑会分泌多巴胺。The sun light and heat. 太阳散发光和热。(3)耗尽;用尽After two hours, her patience gave out. 两小时后,她失去了耐心。拓展 由give构成的其他常用短语:【详解】role /rəʊl/ n. 角色the lead/leading role 主角play the role of 扮演……的角色play a role 扮演角色He was chosen to of a young prince. 他被选中扮演一位年轻王子的角色。Costner only a minor in the movie. 科斯特纳在电影里只扮演一个小角色。拓展[名词]影响程度;作用play a (n) ... role (in...)(在……方面)发挥……作用Robots are in our lives. 机器人在我们的生活中发挥着越来越大的作用。知识点5:Some of the team thought Mary was better. The others went with Lisa. 团队中有些人认为玛丽更好。另一些人支持莉萨。(教材P36)【详解】(1)some of... the others... 一些……另一些……通常用于描述意见、倾向或选择的分歧等,表示某些人支持一种观点,而其他人支持另一种观点。也可表示一组人或物中,有一部分人或物属于某一类,而其他人或物属于另一类。 of the students prefer to study in groups, but the like to study alone. 一些学生喜欢小组学习,而另一些学生喜欢独自学习。There are ten chairs in the meeting room. Some of them are made of wood. The are made of plastic. 会议室里有十把椅子。一些是木制的。另一些是塑料制的。【详解】(2)go with sb./sth. 同意,接受(某人的看法或计划)I don’t have a better idea, so I’ll my friend’s plan. 我没有更好的想法,所以我将接受朋友的计划。If you offer 500 yuan, I think we can that. 如果你出价500元,我想我们可以接受。拓展 go with sth. 与某物相配(或协调、和谐)Do you think this shirt will the skirt I bought? 你觉得这件衬衫和我买的裙子配吗?知识点6:But what if I was wrong? What if I hurt Lisa’s feelings? 但是如果我错了怎么办?如果我伤害了莉萨的感情怎么办?(教材P36)【详解】what if...如果……会怎么样what if用于引出假设、猜测或对可能情况的探索性讨论。 you restart the computer? That usually works.如果重新启动电脑怎么样?那样做通常会奏效。知识点7:My silence made Lisa angry. 我的沉默让莉萨生气了。(教材P36)【详解】silence /ˈsaɪləns/ n. 沉默,缄默I closed the box and sat silence (=silently) .我合上盒子,静静地坐着。Could you please keep for a while? 请安静一会儿可以吗?Speech is silver; is golden. 雄辩是银,沉默是金。知识点8:Could you please advise me? 您能给我一些建议吗?(教材P36)【详解】advise/ədˈvaɪz/ v. 建议(advice[不可数名词]建议) 常见用法有:Could you me about/on English listening? 就英语听力方面,你能给我提些建议吗?The dentist me to brush my teeth three times a day. 牙医建议我一天刷三次牙。I advise our teacher this Saturday. 我建议这周六去看望我们的老师。知识点9:What are her strengths and weaknesses? 她的优势和劣势是什么?(教材P37)【详解】(1)strength /streŋθ/ n. 优点,长处,优势(作此义讲时,为可数名词)The ability to keep calm is one of her many .能够保持冷静是她的多项长处之一。拓展[不可数名词] 体力;力气;力量have the strength to do sth. 有力气做某事She didn’t even have the to stand up. 她甚至连站起来的力气都没有了。【详解】(2) weakness /ˈwi:knəs/ n. 弱点,缺点,不足 [可数名词] 由“weak(adj. 虚弱的)+名词后缀-ness”构成,反义词为strength。Mistakes aren’t signs of . Instead, they should be viewed as stepping stones to achievements. 错误并非弱点的标志。相反,它们应被视为通往成功的垫脚石。It’s important to know your and .了解自己的优缺点很重要。知识点10:All the team members can vote for the most suitable person for each role. 所有团队成员可以投票选出每个角色最合适的人选。(教材P37)【详解】vote /vəʊt/ v. 投票,表决vote for 投票赞成vote against 投票反对In 1918 British women got the right to . 1918年,英国妇女获得了选举权。Did you vote or against her? 你投了她的赞成票还是反对票?知识点11:The thin air took his strength away. 稀薄的空气耗尽了他的力气。(教材P44)【详解】take away 拿走,带走,使消失为“动词+副词”型短语,名词作其宾语时,既可以放在take和away中间,也可以放在away后面;人称代词作其宾语时,只能放在 take 和 away 中间。Please take away the tea cups. = Please the tea cups away. 请把茶杯拿走吧。I bought you an umbrella. You can . 我给你买了把伞,你可以把它拿走。The doctor gave me some pills to the pain. 医生给我开了一些止痛药片。拓展与take相关的其他短语:take off 起飞;脱下take up 开始从事;占据take place 发生take care of 照顾;处理take care 小心take after 像知识点12:So he chose to be a “human ladder” for his teammates!于是他选择成为队友们的“人梯”!(教材P44)【详解】teammate /ˈti:m-meɪt/ n. 队友作可数名词,由“team (n.队) + mate (n.同伴)”构成。One of his gave him lots of encouragement and advice during the competition. 他的一个队友在比赛期间给了他很多鼓励和建议。拓展与teammate 构成相似的词还有:schoolmate 校友classmate 同班同学deskmate 同桌workmate 同事roommate 室友playmate 玩伴知识点13:But Liu was too tired to keep going. 但刘(连满)已经太累了,无法继续前进。(教材P45)【详解】too...to... 太……而不能…… 该结构表示否定含义。其中too为副词,其后跟形容词或副词原级;to为不定式符号,后接动词原形。This soup is eat. 这汤太咸了,不能喝。拓展too...to...结构可以和so/such...that...(如此……以至于……)以及not...enough to do sth.(不够……而不能做某事)进行同义转换。他年纪太小,不能独自一人去上学。He is go to school on his own.He is so (互为反义词) that he can’t go to school on his own.He is not (互为反义词) enough to go to school on his own.【特别提醒】在too...to...结构中,当too前有否定词(如never)时,表达肯定意义。It’s never too late to learn. 活到老,学到老。It’s never too late to mend. 亡羊补牢,犹未为晚。知识点14:The team were worried, but they had to carry on. 团队成员们很担心,但他们不得不继续行进。(教材P45)【详解】carry on 继续走,继续行进;坚持干与go on 同义。carry on with sth. = carry on doing sth. = go on doing sth. 继续做某事Follow your dream, choose a job you love and 追随你的梦想,选择你喜欢的工作并坚持下去。The doctor told her to with the treatment. 医生告诉她要继续治疗。其他含有on 的短语:get on 上车try on 试穿call on 号召depend on 依赖;取决于put on 穿上come on 快点;加油turn on 打开work on 从事,致力于live on 以……为食;靠……生活知识点15:They made every effort through the cold and dark. 他们在寒冷与黑暗中竭尽全力。(教材P45)【详解】effort /ˈefət/ n. 努力make every effort 尽一切努力与effort相关的其他短语:make an effort to do sth. 尽力做某事put effort into (doing) sth. 努力做某事spare no effort 不遗余力without effort 毫不费力地I made every to understand their views. 我极力去理解他们的观点。People needed to make an to record things in the past. But now we can do something like that easily through the digital memory. 过去人们需要费力地记录事物。但如今我们能通过数字记忆轻松实现这件事情。He did it without .那件事他做得毫不费力。知识点16:When they returned to base camp, they were welcomed as heroes. 返回大本营时,他们像英雄一样受到欢迎。(教材P45)【详解】base /beɪs/ n. 基地,根据地,总部,大本营The company has its in New York, and branch offices all over the world. 公司总部设在纽约,分支遍及全世界。The army was cut off from its . 那支部队与基地失去了联络。拓展basic [形容词] 基本的,基础的We should learn some life skills. 我们应该学习一些基本的生活技能。二、语法点清单情态动词should、must、can、need、have to与had better 情态动词本身有词义,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,不能独立作谓语,一般和实义动词原形一起构成谓语,并放在实义动词原形前。辨析must与have to注意need还可作行为动词,表示“需要”,有时态、人称和数的变化,常用于need to do sth结构中,用于否定句和疑问句中时需要借助助动词。You don't need stay here all the time. 你不必一直待在这里。三、写作清单 本单元的话题是“团队合作”,要求学生用所学的单词、短语和句型写一篇以团队合作为话题的书面表达。该话题下常见的写作体裁有记叙文、议论文等,通常涉及的具体内容有:描述你对团队合作的看法;描述一次团队合作的经历(此时的时态多用一般过去时或过去进行时)。写作实例 一个团队的力量远远大于一个人的力量。合作是团队的根基,是团队成功的关键。某英文网站正在开展以“团队合作”为主题的征文活动,假如你是李华,请用英文写一篇短文投稿,谈谈你和别人合作做过什么事情,以及你的感受。 提示问题:•What do you think of teamwork?•What did you do with others? •How did you feel?要求:1.词数不少于80;2.必须包含上述要点,可适当发挥。 审题指导1.体裁:记叙文。 2.时态:以一般过去时为主。 3.人称:以第一人称为主。4.必备词句:(1)the key to success成功的关键;(2)team members队员;(3)in the end最后,终于;(4)with the help of... 在……的帮助下;(5)pay more attention to... 更关注……;(6)the next day第二天;(7)get the chance to do sth.得到做某事的机会 (8)prepare for...为……做准备 (9)dream of梦想 (10)give up放弃 (11)a feeling of satisfaction一种满足感 (12)take part in参加 (13)try one’s best尽某人最大的努力 (14)Although all team members played well, we lost the first match in the end. 尽管所有的队员都踢得很好,但我们最终输掉了第一场比赛。(15)Also, when I had problems, my teammate was always there to support and help me.而且,当我遇到难题的时候,我的队友总是支持我和帮助我。(16)The important thing was to pull together and get better together. 重要的是要齐心协力一起变得更好。谋篇布局 单词Verb动词1.突然停止;呆住 2.建议 3.投票,表决 4.扎营,宿营,露营 5.把(某物)移低,降下 Noun名词6.导演 7.戏剧 8.领导者 9.角色 10.沉默,缄默 11.合作,协作,配合 12.优点,长处,优势 13.弱点,缺点,不足 14.女王 15.建议,提议 16.会议,集会 17.队长,组长 18.自信,信心 19.帐篷 20.(划分地界或捆扎东西等用的)带子,线带 21.合作,协作 22.正午,中午 23.登山者,登山运动员 24.顶,顶部 25.梯子 26.队友 27.绳,粗绳,绳索,缆 28.努力 29.北,北方 30.基地,根据地,总部,大本营 31.登山运动 Adjective形容词32.糟糕的,恶劣的;讨厌的 33.羞怯的,腼腆的(尤指在陌生人面前) 34.坏的;破碎的,断裂的 35.志愿的 36.三十米高的 37.令人痛苦的 Pronoun代词38.你的 短语1. team 团队负责人2. team 团队成员3. thank sb. (doing) sth. 感谢某人(做)某事4. sb. sth. 任命某人为……;委派某人为……5. give 分发;发放6. sb. to do sth. 期盼某人做某事7. what 要是……怎么办8. off 气冲冲地走掉9. in of 在某一时期10. find 查明;弄清11. for 为……投票12. with 处理;对付13. feel 感觉像14. be to do 愿意做……15. take for 为……负责16. a 有点;稍微17. be on sb. 对某人苛刻18. on one's 独自19. feel to do sth. 随意做某事20. … as an example 以……为例21. with sb. 同意某人的看法22. as as possible 尽快23. go (尤指到山上或森林里)去露营24. sure 确保25. work … 算出;解出;处理26. every effort 尽一切努力27. one's team into 带领队伍进入……28. bit bit 一点一点地29. on 继续30. what's 而且31. camp (登山)大本营32. for 为……欢呼句型1. Thank you for me of our drama, Snow White.感谢您让我成为我们的戏剧《白雪公主》的导演。2. . 这对我来说是莫大的荣幸。3. But a problem during the very first — giving out the roles.但是在第一项任务中就出现了一个问题——分配角色。4. Some of the team Mary was better. The went with Lisa.团队中有些人认为玛丽更好。另一些人支持丽莎。5. But ? What if I hurt Lisa’s feelings?如果我错了怎么办?如果我伤害了 Lisa 的感受怎么办?6. So the leader should .所以,在意见不合的时候,领导者应该承担起责任。7. the Second Step. 它被称为“第二台阶”。8. The of Mount Qomolangma right reach.珠穆朗玛峰的峰顶似乎近在咫尺。9. The thin air his . 稀薄的空气耗尽了他的力气。10. But Liu was . 但刘(连满)已经太累了,无法继续前进。11. The team were , but they had to . 团队成员们很担心,但他们不得不继续行进。12. It was to oxygen, but they knew Liu it.在没有氧气的情况下攀登是很危险的,但他们知道刘(连满)需要它。13. , no one had done so oxygen!而且,没有人在不使用氧气的情况下做到过这一点!语法情态动词写作团队合作【详解】(1)thank sb. for (doing) sth. 感谢某人(做)某事for为介词,后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。Thank you for your . 谢谢你的建议。Thank you for so honest with me. 谢谢你对我如此坦诚。拓展 thanks to sb./sth.多亏某人;由于某事Thanks to your help, I the work on time. 多亏了你的帮助,我才能按时完成工作。(2)make sb. sth. 任命某人为……,委派某人为……We made him of the Students’ Union. 我们选他当学生会主席。拓展(1)make sb./sth. do sth. 使某人/某物做某事She always makes me . 她总是让我笑。(2)make sb./sth.+形容词 使某人/某物处于……状态The news made him very . 这个消息使他非常高兴。(3)make sb./sth. done 使某人/某物被……He raised his voice in order to make himself .他提高嗓门为的是让人听到自己的声音。情态动词及其用法例句should意为“应当”,表示建议或劝告,有“劝说”或“敦促”的含义,否定式为should not/shouldn't。You should talk to your parents about your feelings. 你应该和你父母谈谈你的感受。had better意为“最好”,表示劝告或建议,一般不用于疑问句中,否定式为had better not。You had better not tell Oliver. 你最好不要告诉Oliver。(1)can表示请求许可或给予许可,could也有此用法,语气比can更委婉;否定式cannot/can't表示“不能,不可以”,语气弱于must not。(2)can/could均可表示能力,could是can的过去式,可以表示过去的能力。一般情况下,以can开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用can,否定回答用can't。—Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗?—Yes, you can. 是的,你可以。—No, you can't. 不,你不可以。Can you type?你会打字吗?When I was young, I could climb any tree in the forest. 年轻时,森林里的树我都能爬上去。must表示“必须”,否定式must not/mustn't表示“不应该,禁止”,是强有力的劝告或命令。由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't/don't have to,表示“不必,没有必要”。All passengers wear seat belts. 所有乘客都必须系安全带。Cars must park in front of the entrance. 车辆不得停在入口处。—Must I clean the room this afternoon?我必须今天下午打扫房间吗?—Yes, you . 是的,你必须。—No, you . 不,你不必。have to表示“不得不,必须”,否定式do not/don't have to表示“不必,没有必要”(=needn't)。You don't have to worry about them any more. 你再也不必为他们发愁了。need表示“必须,需要”,一般用于否定句和疑问句中,否定式need not/needn't表示“不需要,不必”。一般情况下,以need开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't。—Need I put the umbrella outside? 我需要把雨伞放在外面吗?—Yes, you . 是的,你必须(放在外面)。—No, you . 不,你不必(放在外面)。shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中时,表示征求对方的意见或提出建议。 I answer the telephone for you? 要我替你接电话吗?Let's begin now, we? 咱们现在开始,好吗?区别例句must侧重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要或有义务去做某事;have to侧重于客观需要,含有“不得不,被迫”之意。You must back before 10 o'clock.你必须在10点之前返回。(叮嘱或命令)You have to back before 10 o'clock because the train is to leave at 10:05.你必须在10点之前返回,因为火车10:05开。(客观需要)must没有人称、时态和数的变化,而have to有。The old man has live alone because his son works in another city. 那位老人不得不独自生活,因为他的儿子在另一个城市工作。
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