2026译林新版八年下册英语 Unit 4 A good read! 讲义

这是一份2026译林新版八年下册英语 Unit 4 A good read! 讲义，文件包含2026译林新版八年下册英语Unit4Agoodread讲义教师版docx、2026译林新版八年下册英语Unit4Agoodread讲义学生版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共111页， 欢迎下载使用。
Unit 4 A good read !单词解析Read (名词) 读物、书（或文章等）【用法讲解】 read为可数名词，其复数形式为reads；read还可为动词，译为“阅读、看出、理解”，其过去式为read，过去分词为read。 Eg: This is a good read. 这是一本好的读物。She reads two books every month. 她每月读两本书。I can read the disappointment in his eyes. 我能看出他眼里的失望。【常见搭配】 a good read 一本好的读物 read a book/ newspaper/ article 阅读书籍/报纸/文章 Read the room 察言观色 Read between the lines 理解言外之意 Read one’s mind/ thoughts 猜中某人的想法 Read up on sth. 研读、查阅资料 Eg: My father reads a newspaper every morning. 我爸爸每天早上读报纸。He didn’t read the room and kept joking. 他没察言观色，还在开玩笑。You need to read between the lines to understand his true feelings. 你需要读懂字里行间的意思才能理解他的真实感受。It’s like you can read my mind! 你好像能读懂我的心思！I need to read up on the latest research. 我需要研读最新的研究。【派生词】 reader为名词，译为“读者、读本”； readable为形容词，译为“可读的、易懂的”。 Eg: As an enthusiastic reader, I finish at least two novels every month.作为一个热爱读书的人，我每个月至少读完两本小说。Even though the report is full of data, it’s very readable due to the well - organized charts. 即使这个报道满是数据，由于条理清楚的图表也非常容易理解。【即学即用】总体而言，这是一本好书。 On the whole, this is ______ ______ _______.Fiction (名词) 小说【用法讲解】 fiction为可数名词，其复数形式为fictions。 Eg: Her latest work of fiction has been widely praised by critics. 她的最新的小说作品受到评论家的广泛好评。 The novel is a work of fiction, but it is based on real events. 这部小说是虚构作品，但它是基于真实事件的。【常见搭配】 Science fiction 科幻小说（或影片等） Historical fiction 历史小说 Eg: She enjoys reading science fiction. 她喜欢读科幻小说。The novel is a well - researched piece of historical fiction. 这部小说是一部经过深入研究的历史小说。【派生词】 fictional为形容词，译为“虚构的、小说的”。 Eg: The fictional world of J.K. Rowling’s novels has captivated millions of readers.K.罗琳小说中虚构的世界吸引了数百万读者。【即学即用】科幻小说常常探索未来科技。 _______ ________ often explores futuristic technologies.Non - fiction (名词) 非虚构作品【用法讲解】 non - fiction为“非虚构作品”时为可数名词，non - fiction在泛指“非虚构类作品整体”时为不可数名词。 Eg: She has written three non - fictions about environmental issues. 她写了三本关于环境问题的非虚构作品。I prefer reading non - fiction to novels. 比起小说，我更喜欢读非虚构作品。【常见搭配】 non - fiction film/ documentary 非虚构电影/纪录片 Eg: The festival focuses on non - fiction films. 这个电影节以非虚构电影为主题。【即学即用】This bookstore has a great selection of ________ (非虚构作品).Made - up (形容词) 不真实的、编造的【用法讲解】 made - up在句中常作定语或表语，也可译为“化妆的、打扮好的”。 Eg: She gave a made - up excuse for being late. 她为迟到编了个借口。The story is completely made - up. 这个故事完全是虚构的。She looked glamorous with her made - up face. 她化了妆的脸看起来很迷人。【常见搭配】 heavily made - up 浓妆艳抹的 Get made - up 化妆 Eg: The actor was heavily made - up for the role. 演员为了这个角色化了浓妆。The models got made - up before the photoshoot. 模特们在拍照前化了妆。【即学即用】Don’t believe those m___________ rumors.Novel (名词) （长篇）小说【用法讲解】 novel为可数名词，其复数形式为novels；novel可为形容词，译为“新颖的、新奇的”。 Eg: This novel won the Booker Prize last year. 这部小说去年获得了布克奖。The scientist proposed a novel approach to the problem. 科学家提出了一种新颖的解决方案。【派生词】 novelist为名词，译为“小说家”； novelty为名词，译为“新颖性”。 Eg: Jane Austen is a renowned novelist known for her wit and social commentary in her works.简奥斯丁是一位著名的小说家，以其作品中的机智和社会评论而闻名。The novel introduced a novelty in storytelling that captivated readers. 这部小说在叙述方式上引入了一种新颖性，吸引了读者的注意。【即学即用】She’s writing a historical _______ (小说) set in the 18th century.Crash (动词) 撞击、碰撞【用法讲解】 crash为动词，还可译为“（计算机）崩溃”；crash还可为名词，译为“交通事故、突然失败”。 Eg: I heard dishes crashing in the kitchen. 我听到厨房里盘子碎裂的声音。My computer crashed before I saved the file. 我还没保存文件电脑就死机了。The stock market crash caused widespread panic. 故事崩盘引发了普通恐慌。【常见搭配】 crash into ... 撞上... Crash down 轰然倒塌/坠落 Crash and burn 彻底失败 Eg: The car crashed into a tree at high speed. 汽车高速撞上了树。The old building crashed down during the storm. 老建筑在暴风雨中倒塌了。His business crashed and burned within a year. 他的生意一年内就彻底失败了。【派生词】 crasher为名词，译为“闯入者、破坏者”。 Eg: The party crasher caused chaos at the event. 这个派对闯入者在活动上制造了混乱。【即学即用】Two planes c________ in midair.Be tired out 累极了【用法讲解】 be tired out还可译为“厌倦至极”。 Eg: After the 12 - hour shift, the nurses were completely fired out.12小时轮班后，护士们彻底累垮了。She was tired out by her toddler’s constant tantrums. 她被小孩没完没了的哭闹弄得心力交瘁。【知识拓展】 tired为形容词，译为“疲劳的、疲倦的”，常用来修饰人；tiring为形容词，译为“使人感到厌倦的”，常用来修饰物。 Eg: After a long day at work, she felt tired and sleepy. 工作了一整天后，她感到又累又困。 It was a tiring day at work, and I just want to rest. 工作了一天，我很累，只想休息。【常见搭配】 feel tired 感到疲倦 Get tired 变得疲劳 Be tired of 对...感到厌倦 Eg: I’m feeling really tired after working all day. 工作了一整天后，我感到非常疲倦。After walking for hours, we all got tired. 走了几个小时后，我们都累了。Dad was tired of fixing the broken chair. 爸爸厌倦了修理坏椅子。【即学即用】( )1. I’m really ________ after a long day at work.tiring B. tired C. tire D. tires足球比赛后孩子们筋疲力尽。 The kids _______ ______ _______ after the soccer tournament.Stomach (名词) 腹部、胃【用法讲解】 stomach为可数名词，其复数形式为stomachs，还可译为“食欲”。 Eg: I have a pain in my stomach. 我胃痛。His stomach rumbled because he was hungry. 他饿了，肚子咕咕叫。After a long walk, I worked up an appetite and my stomach was growling for food. 走了很长一段路后，我有了食欲，肚子饿得咕咕叫着要食物。【常见搭配】 on an empty stomach 空腹 Turn one’s stomach 使人恶心、令人倒胃口 Eg: You shouldn’t take this medicine on an empty stomach. 你不应该空腹吃这种药。The smell of the rotten food turned my stomach. 腐烂食物的气味让我恶心。【即学即用】Remember not to drink milk on an empty s_________.Fall over 摔倒【用法讲解】 fall over还可译为“失败、崩溃”。 Eg: The child fell over while running.孩子跑步时摔倒了。The website fell over due to heavy traffic. 网站因流量过大崩溃了。【知识拓展】 fall作动词时，译为“进入（某状态）、落下、掉落”，其过去式为fell，过去分词为fallen；fall还可以作名词，为美式英语中的“秋天”，autumn为英式英语中的“秋天”。 Eg: The leaves begin to fall when autumn comes. 树叶在秋天开始落下。It's very slippery. You’ll fall. 地面很滑，你会跌倒的。No one knows why the house prices have fallen. 没人直到为什么房价下跌了。【用法讲解】 fall down 跌倒、落下 Fall ill 生病 Fall asleep 入睡、睡着 Fall rain 秋雨 Eg: She accidentally fell down the stairs. 她不小心从楼梯上摔下来了。He fell ill after eating the contaminated food. 他吃了被污染的食物后生病了。He fell asleep while reading the book. 他在读书时睡着了。The fall rain made the streets wet and slippery. 秋雨让街道变得潮湿光滑。【即学即用】他头晕得摔倒了。 He was so dizzy that he _______ ________.Continue (动词) 继续 Eg: He decided to continue with his plan. 我决定继续他的计划。【常见搭配】 continue doing sth. 继续做某事（同一件事） Continue to do sth. 继续做某事（完成一件事后做另一件事） Eg: After a rest, he continues reading. 休息后他继续阅读。She continued to work after her vacation. 休假后她继续工作。【即学即用】The meeting will c_________ until 5 pm.Either (副词) 也【用法详解】 either常用于否定句中；either还可为连词，与or搭配，译为“或者...或者...”；either还可为代词，译为“任意一个”。 Eg: They didn’t go to the park yesterday. I didn’t go there, either. 昨天他们没去公园。我也没去。Either you or I am wrong. 不是你的错，就是我的错。Either of them can do the work. 他们两个人中谁都能做这工作。【易混辨析】Too, as well, also与either区别：Too “也”常位于肯定句句尾，前面有逗号。As well “也”常位于肯定句句尾，无逗号。Also “也”位于句中，be动词、助动词、情态动词后Either “也”位于否定句句尾。Eg: She is a student, too. = She is a student as well. = She is also a student. 她也是一名学生。She isn’t a student, either. 她也不是一名学生。【即学即用】( )1. I like this book, _____.as well B. also C. either D. too( )2. I don't like this book and he doesn’t like it, _____.A. too B. also C. either D. as wellPull (动词) 抽出、拉、拖【用法讲解】 pull也可作名词，译为“拉力、牵引力”。 Eg: He pulled the door open. 他拉开了门。 The drawer pulls easily. 这个抽屉很容易拉开。 The pull of the tide is very strong. 潮水的拉力很强。【常见搭配】 pull apart 分开、拉开 Pull at sth. 用力拉 Pull down 摧毁 Pull out 抽出、拔出 Pull over 停在路边 Pull through 度过难关、恢复健康 Pull together 齐心协力 Eg: The teacher pulled the two fighting boys apart. 老师把两个打架的男孩拉开了。 He pulled at the rope with all his strength. 他用尽全力拉绳子。 The storm pulled down several houses in the village. 暴风雨摧毁了村庄里的几所房子。 The dentist pulled out the bad tooth. 牙医拔掉了那颗坏牙。 The police officer asked the driver to pull over. 警察让司机靠边停车。 With the doctor’s help, he finally pulled through. 在医生的帮助下，他终于康复了。 We need to pull together to finish this project. 我们需要齐心协力完成这个项目。【派生词】 push为动词，译为“推”。 Eg: He waded into the water to push the boat out. 他蹚进水里把船推出来。【即学即用】( )1. -- Oh, I had a terrible toothache! -- You’d better go to see a dentist and have your tooth _______ out.pull B. pulled C. push D. pushedRope (名词) 绳【用法讲解】 rope为可数名词，还可译为“绳索、缆”，其复数形式为ropes；rope还可为动词，译为“用绳子捆绑”。 Eg: The climbers tied themselves together with a strong rope. 登山者们用结实的绳子彼此绑在一起。He jumped rope for 10 minutes as exercise. 他跳绳锻炼了10分钟。They roped the packages securely. 他们用绳子把包裹捆牢。【常见搭配】 a piece of rope 一根绳子 Jump rope 跳绳 On the ropes 濒临失败 Rope sth./ sb. to sth. 把某物/某人绑在某物上 Show sb. the ropes 教某人如何做某事 Eg: He tied the boat with a piece of rope. 他用一根绳子拴住了船。She loves to jump rope during recess. 她喜欢在课间跳绳。The company is on the ropes due to financial problems. 这家公司因财务问题濒临倒闭。They roped the logs together to form a raft. 他们把木头绑在一起做成木筏。Can you show me the ropes around here? 你能教我这里的规矩吗？【即学即用】The children were learning to climb a ________ (绳子) in gym class.Break free 设法逃脱、努力挣脱Eg: The prisoner broke free from the guards.囚犯从守卫手中挣脱。The country broke free from colonial rule. 该国摆脱了殖民通知。【知识拓展】 break为动词，译为“破碎、违反、打断”，其过去式为broke，过去分词为broken；break还可为名词，译为“休息”，相当于rest。Eg: The dish fell to the floor and broken. 碟子掉到地上摔碎了。She broke her promise to me. 她违背了对我的诺言。We usually break for lunch at 12:30. 我们通常12点半休息吃午饭。I thought a 15 min break from his work would do him good. 我想他停下工作休息15分钟对他会有好处。【常见搭配】 have a break 休息break down 出故障、分解 Break in 强行进入、打断 Break out 爆发 Break up 结束关系、解散 Eg: I must have a break. 我必须休息一下。The machine has broken down. 机器出故障了。 Someone is trying to break in. 有人试图强行进入。 A fire broke out in the building. 大楼里发生了火宅。 They decided to break up. 他们决定分手。【派生词】 broken为形容词，译为“破碎的、损坏的”。 Eg: There is a lot of broken glass on the floor. 地板上有很多碎玻璃。【知识拓展】 “he broke the flowerpot while playing basketball”在此处为he said的宾语从句。【即学即用】狗挣脱了狗链。 The dog _______ _______ from its leash.My bike is _________ (break). I need to repair it.Army (名词) 大批、大群、军队【用法讲解】 army为可数名词，其复数形式为armies，还可译为“大群、大批、团队”。 Eg: He served in the army for ten years. 他在陆军服役了十年。An army of volunteers cleaned up the park. 大批志愿者清理了公园。【常见搭配】 an army of ... 大批的... Join the army 参军 Army uniform 军装 Army officer 军官 Army corps 军团 Eg: The company has an army of loyal customers. 该公司拥有大批忠实客户。He decided to join the army after graduating. 他毕业后决定参军。The soldiers wore their army uniforms for the parade. 士兵们穿着军装参加阅兵。Her father is a retired army officer. 她父亲是一名退役军官。The army corps was deployed to the conflict zone. 军团被派往冲突地区。【派生词】 armed为形容词，译为“武装的、配备武器的”。 Eg: Armed with a rifle, the soldier stood guard at the checkpoint. 士兵手持步枪，在检查站站岗。【即学即用】大学毕业后，她参军并担任中尉。 She ______ ______ ______ after graduating from college, serving as a lieutenant.Straight (副词) 径直、笔直地【用法讲解】 straight还可为形容词，译为“笔直的、直接的”；straight还可为名词，译为“直道、直的部分”。 Eg: Go straight ahead for 100 meters. 向前直走100米。Give me a straight answer! 给我个直截了当的回答！The car accelerated on the straight. 汽车在直道上加速。【常见搭配】 straight line 直线 Straight away/ off 立刻 Straight out 直言不讳地 Eg: Draw a straight line between the two points.在两点间画一条直线。I knew the answer straight away. 我立刻知道了答案。She told him straight out that he was wrong. 她直截了当地告诉他错了。【派生词】 straighten为动词，译为“使变直、整理”。 Eg: She straightened her hair for the party. 她为派对拉直了头发。【即学即用】The post office is s_________ on your left.Right away 立即、马上【用法讲解】 right away通常放在句尾或动词后，强调动作的即时性。 Eg: She started working right away after the meeting. 会议结束后她马上开始工作。【即学即用】请立刻发送文件。 Please send the documents _______ ________.Discuss (动词) 讨论、谈论、商量 Eg: They are discussing freely. 他们在自由地探讨。【常见搭配】 discuss sth. with sb. 和某人讨论某事 Discuss doing sth. 商量做某事 Eg: I discussed the matter with my wife. 我和妻子讨论了这件事。 They discussed selling the house. 他们商量过买房子的事。【派生词】discussion在表示一次讨论活动或讨论等具体意义时为可数名词；在表示抽象意义的讨论或讨论的动作或状态时为不可数名词。 Eg: Let’s have a discussion about the new project proposal tomorrow. 让我们明天进行关于新工程提案的讨论。【常见搭配】 under discussion 正在讨论中 Group discussion 小组讨论 Have a discussion with sb. about sth. 和某人讨论关于某事 Eg: The new policy is still under discussion. 新政策仍在讨论中。We had a group discussion on the project. 我们就项目进行了小组讨论。We had a discussion with Lily about the importance of English. 我们和丽丽讨论关于英语的重要性。【即学即用】Would now be a suitable moment to _________ (discussion) my report?Clear (形容词) 了解清楚的、清澈的、晴朗的【用法讲解】 clear为动词，译为“清理、清除、澄清”。 Eg:The instructions are very clear. 说明非常清晰。The weather is clear today. 今天天气晴朗。 Please clear the snow from the path. 请把小路上的雪清理掉。She cleared up the misunderstanding. 她澄清了误解。【常见搭配】 clear out 清理、丢掉 Clear up 天气放晴 In the clear 摆脱困境 Keep clear of... 主动避开危险或麻烦 Make clear 讲清楚、使明白 Eg: I need to clear out my closet. 我需要清理我的衣柜。The sky cleared up in the afternoon. 下午填空放晴了。He is in the clear now. 他现在摆脱困境了。Drivers should keep clear of the accident area. 司机应避开事故区域。You need to make clear your intentions before you start the project. 在开始这个项目之前，你需要讲清楚你的意图。【派生词】 clearly为副词，译为“清楚地”。 Eg: Speak more clearly. 说得更清楚些。【即学即用】我们正在把阁楼里的旧家具清理出去。 We are ________ _________ the old furniture from the attic.We need c________ evidence to proceed.Advise (动词) 提出建议【常见搭配】 advise sb. doing sth. 建议做某事 Advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 Advise that 从句 建议...（注意：从句中谓语动词需用(should) + 动词原形） Eg: He advised going by train instead of by plane. 他建议乘火车而不是乘飞机去。My parents advised me to study hard for the exam. 我父母建议我努力学习备考。The doctor advised that he (should) quit smoking. 医生建议他戒烟。【派生词】 advice为不可数名词，译为“建议”； Advisable为形容词，译为“明智的、可取的”。 Eg: Take my advice and you’ll be fine. 听从我的建议，你会没事的。It is advisable to book tickets in advance. 提前订票是明智的。 【常见搭配】 a piece of advice 一条建议 Some advice 一些建议 Eg: I need some advice about how to learn English. 我需要一些关于如何学英语的建议。【即学即用】( )1. My parents gave me a lot of good _______ when I was growing up.advice B. advise C. suggestions D. suggest2. My friend advised me ________ (visit) Paris instead of Rome this time.Hand in 提交、呈交、上交 Eg: I forgot to hand in the permission slip. 我忘了交同意书。【知识拓展】 hand可作可数名词，其复数形式为hands，可译为“手、指针、帮助”等；hand也可作动词，译为“上交、递、给”等。 Eg: His hands is dirty. 他得手很脏。A watch has three hands -- the second hand, minute hand and hour hand.手表有三个指针-- 秒针、分针和时针。Hand it up to me, please. 请把它递上来给我。【常见搭配】 give sb. a hand 帮助某人 On the one hand... on the other hand 一方面...另一方面 By hand 手工制作 Eg: Could you give me a hand with the baggage? 你能帮我拿一下行李吗？On the one hand I admire his gifts, but on the other hand I distrust his judgement. 一方面我羡慕他的才华，而另一方面我却怀疑他的判断力。The fabric was painted by hand. 这个织品是手工染制的。【即学即用】学生须在周五前提交论文。 Students must _______ _______ their essays by Friday.Review (名词) 评论【用法讲解】 review为可数名词，其复数形式为reviews，还可译为“回顾”；review还可为动词，译为“复习、回顾、复查”。 Eg: We should review our progress regularly. 我们应该定期回顾我们的进展。The manager will review the report carefully. 经理会仔细复查这份报告。Students should review their lessons every day. 学生们应该每天复习功课。Let’s make a review of what we have learned this week. 让我们回顾一下这周所学的内容。The case is under review by the higher court. 这个案子正在由上级法院进行审查。【常见搭配】 review lessons 复习课、温课 Get a review 得到评论 Receive a review 收到评论 Write a review 写评论 Do a review 复习 Eg: I must have a review of all the lessons for the final exam.为了期末考试，我必须把所有功课复习一遍。Please write a review about this book. 请写一篇关于这本书的评论。Let’s start by reviewing what we did last week. 我们开始先来复习一下上星期学的内容。【即学即用】Let’s have a ________ (回顾) of what we’ve learned this week.Timetable (名词) 时间安排、时刻表【用法讲解】 timetable为可数名词，其复数形式为timetables。 Eg: Check the train timetable for the latest schedule. 查看火车时刻表获取最新班次。【即学即用】The project will proceed according to the ________ (时刻表).Summary (名词) 总结【用法讲解】 summary为可数名词，其复数形式为summaries；summary还可为形容词，译为“简要的”；summary还可为动词，译为“总结、概括”。 Eg: Read the executive summary before the full report. 阅读完整报告前先看执行摘要。The court issued a summary judgement. 法院作出了简要判决。Can you summary the key points in one paragraph? 你能用一段话概括要点吗？【常见搭配】 in summary 总结 Eg: In summary, we need to focus on three key points. 总之，我们需要关注三个关键点。【派生词】 summarize为动词，译为“总结”； summarily为副词，译为“概括地”。 Eg: Can you summarize the main points of the article?你能总结这篇文章的要点吗？The case was dealt with summarily. 经理立刻否决了这个想法。【即学即用】The teacher asked us to give a s_________ of the article.Give away 泄露、暴露【用法讲解】 give away还可译为“赠送、分发”。 Eg: His nervous smile gave away the truth. 他紧张的笑容暴露了真相。She gave away her old clothes to charity. 她把旧衣服捐给了慈善机构。【即学即用】别泄露惊喜派对的秘密！ Don’t ______ ______ the surprise party!Ending (名词) 结尾、结局【用法讲解】 ending为可数名词，词复数形式为endings。 Eg: The movie has a surprising ending. 这部电影有一个出人意料的结局。【常见搭配】 happy/ sad ending 美满/悲伤的结局 At the ending of ... 在...的结尾 Eg: Fairy tales usually have a happy ending. 童话通常有美满的结局。At the ending of the speech, everyone applauded. 演讲结束时，所有人都鼓掌了。【派生词】end为名词，译为“结尾、尽头”；end还可为名词，译为“结束”。 Eg: The war ended in 1945. 战争在1945年结束。The strike was ended after a week of negotiations. 经过一周的谈判，罢工结束了。The end of the book is very interesting. 书的结尾很有趣。【常见搭配】 at the end of... 在...的尽头、末端 By the end of ... 到...为止 In the end 最后 For the end of... 为了...的目的 Come to an end 结束、终止 Eg: At the end of the month, we will have a party. 月底我们将举办一个聚会。By the end of the year, he had read all the books in the library. 到年底，他已经读完了图书馆中所有的书。In the end, he realized his mistake. 最后，他意识到了自己的错误。He studied hard for the end of getting a good job. 他努力学习是为了找到一份好工作。The party came to an end at midnight. 聚会在午夜结束了。【即学即用】I didn’t like the ________ (end) of the novel.( )2. ______ this street you’ll find a bookshop.At the end of B. At the end C. In the end D. By the end ofRule (名词) 规章、规则【用法讲解】rule为可数名词，还译为“统治”，其复数形式为rules；rule也可作动词，译为“统治”Eg: The rules of the game 游戏规则 The emperor ruled from 27 BC to 14 AD. 这个皇帝从公元前27年统治到公元14年。【常见搭配】follow the rules 遵守规则 As a rule 通常、一般来说 Eg: As a rule, I don’t eat dessert. 通常情况下，我不吃甜点。 First, all of us must follow the rules. 首先，大家都应该遵守纪律。【即学即用】First, I’ll explain the ________ (规则) of the game.First of all 第一、首先 Eg: First of all, check your equipment before diving.首先，潜水前检查装备。【易混辨析】 first of all与at first区别： First of all强调顺序或重要性； At first强调时间或初始状态。【即学即用】首先，我们需要在找到解决方案前分析问题。 ______ ______ _______, we need to analyze the problem before finding a solution.Librarian (名词) 图书管理员【用法讲解】 librarian为可数名词，其复数形式为librarians。 Eg: The librarian helped me find the reference books. 图书管理员帮我找到了参考书。【常见搭配】 head librarian 图书馆馆长 Eg: The head librarian announced new borrowing rules. 图书馆馆长宣布了新的借阅规则。【派生词】 library为名词，译为“图书馆”。 Eg: The library is open from 9 AM to 5 PM every day. 图书馆每天上午9点到下午5点开放。【即学即用】The school _________ (图书管理员) organizes reading activities for students.Check out （从图书馆等）借出【用法讲解】 check out还可译为“结账离开、查看、检验”。 Eg: You can check out up to 10 books at a time. 一次最多可借10本书。We need to check out by 11 AM. 我们需要在上午11点前退房。Check out this amazing view! 快看这绝佳的景色！【知识拓展】 check作名词时，译为“支票、检查、调查”，其复数形式为checks；check还可为动词，译为“检查、查明”。 Eg: Please check your answers before submitting the exam. 请在提交试卷前核对答案。You always have to go through security checks at the airport. 你总是要在机场通过安全检查。I wrote a check for the purchase of a new car. 我开了一张支票用于购买新车。【常见搭配】 check in 报到、登记 Check over 仔细检查 Eg: We need to check in by 6 pm. 我们需要在下午6点前办理入住手续。The doctor checked over the patient’s condition. 医生仔细检查了病人的病情。【即学即用】C________ your answers before handing in the paper.我从学校图书馆借了一本书。 I ________ ________ a book from the school library.Publishing house (名词) 出版社【用法讲解】 publishing house是一个名词短语，其复数形式为publishing houses。 Eg: This publishing house specializes in children’s books. 这家出版社专攻儿童图书。【常见搭配】 at a publishing house 在出版社工作 Eg: He has been an editor at a publishing house for ten years.他已经在出版社当编辑10年了。【即学即用】She works for a well - known ____________ (出版社) in New York.Unwilling (形容词) 不愿意【用法讲解】 unwilling在句中常作定语或表语。 Eg: The unwilling participant dragged his feet. 那个不情愿的参与者拖拖拉拉。 She seemed unwilling to participate in the discussion.她似乎不愿参与讨论。【常见搭配】 be unwilling to do sth. 不愿做某事 Eg: He was unwilling to admit his mistake. 他不愿承认错误。【派生词】 unwillingly为副词，译为“不情愿地”； unwillingness为名词，译为“不情愿”； Willing为形容词，译为“情愿的”。 Eg: She unwillingly agreed to help him with the project. 她不情愿地同意帮他完成这个项目。Her unwillingness to compromise caused the negotiation to fail. 她的不妥协导致谈判失败。He was willing to have a picnic this weekend. 他愿意这周去野餐。【即学即用】他不愿承认错误。 He _______ ________ _______ admit his mistake.Sale (名词) 销售量、销售、出售【用法讲解】 sale为不可数名词时，表示“销售行为”；sale为可数名词时，表示“特卖活动”。 Eg: The sale of alcohol is prohibited here.此处禁止销售酒精饮料。The store is having a big sale this weekend. 这家商店本周末有大促销。【常见搭配】 on sale 正在促销/出售中 For sale 待售 Clearance sale 清仓大甩卖 Eg: These shoes are on sale for $ 50. 这双鞋正在促销，售价50美元。Is this painting for sale? 这幅画卖吗？The shop is holding a clearance sale before closing. 这家店关门前在清仓甩卖。【派生词】 sell为动词，译为“卖”；salable为形容词，译为“可销售的”； unsold为形容词，译为“未售出的”。 Eg: My mother sold the old desk. 我妈妈把那个旧桌子卖了。 The product is highly salable in international markets. 这款产品在国际市场上非常畅销。The unsold items were donated to charity. 未售出的商品被捐赠给了慈善机构。【即学即用】新产品将于下月出售。 The new product will be ______ _______ next month.Copy (名词) 一本（份，册）、复制品【用法讲解】 copy为可数名词，其复数形式为copies；copy还可为动词，译为“复制、复印、模仿”。 Eg: Keep the original and give me a copy. 保留原件，给我复印件。The first edition copy is very valuable. 初版书非常珍贵。Please copy this document for all attendees. 请为所有参会者复印这份文件。【常见搭配】 a copy of ... 一份... Copy from ... 从...抄袭/复制 Copy down 记下/抄录 Eg: Please make a copy of this document. 请复印一份这个文件。He was punished for copying from his classmate’s homework. 他因抄袭同学作业被处罚。Copy down the notes on the blackboard. 把黑板上的笔记抄下来。【即学即用】The museum displays a c________ of the Mona Lisa.Especially (副词) 尤其、特别【用法讲解】 especially常用来修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子。 Eg: She is especially talented in music. 她在音乐方面特别有天赋。I especially enjoyed the concert last night. 我特别喜欢昨晚的音乐会。Especially in summer, this beach gets crowded. 特别是在夏天，这个海滩会很拥挤。【派生词】 especial为形容词，译为“特别的、特殊的”。 Eg: This is a matter of especial importance to our team. 这对我们团队来说是一个特别重要的问题。【即学即用】 She was upset, __________ (especial) because no one apologized.Literature (名词) 文学【用法讲解】 literature为不可数名词，还可译为“文献、学术”。 Eg: She studies English literature at university. 她在大学学习英国文学。Please review the scientific literature on this topic. 请查阅关于该主题的科学文献。【派生词】 literary 为名词，译为“文学、文献”； literate为形容词，译为“有文化的、受过教育的”； illiterate为形容词，译为“文盲的、不识字的”。 Eg: She has a deep interest in literary works. 她对文学作品有浓厚的兴趣。She is a literate woman with a deep love for books. 她是一位有文化的女性，对书籍充满热爱。The campaign aims to reduce illiteracy in the region. 该活动旨在降低该地区的文盲率。【即学即用】Classical Chinese ___________ (literate) is rich in poetry.Must - read (名词) 必读的东西【用法讲解】 must -read也可为形容词，译为“必读的、强烈推荐的”。 Eg: “ Sapiens” is on this year’s must - reads for entrepreneurs. 《人类简史》被列入今年企业家必读书目。 This must - read article explains the crisis in depth. 这篇必读文章深入解析了危机。【即学即用】The magazine published its annual list of ___________ (必读材料).Publisher (名词) 出版人（或机构）【用法讲解】 publisher为可数名词，其复数形式为publishers。 Eg: The publisher rejected the manuscript for being too controversial. 出版商以内容太具争议性为由退稿。【派生词】 publish为动词，译为“出版、发表”； publication为名词，译为“出版物、出版”。 Eg: The famous author will publish a new novel next month. 这位著名作家下个月将出版一本新小说。The date of publication for the magazine has been delayed. 该杂志的出版日期被推迟了。【即学即用】 She signed a contract with a major ________ (publish).Pirate (动词) 盗印、窃用；(名词) 盗版者、海盗【用法讲解】 pirate为可数名词；pirate还可为形容词，译为“盗版的、非法的”。 Eg: They were caught pirating movies. 他们因盗版电影被捕。Software pirates cost the industry billions. 软件盗版者使行业损失数十亿。A pirate copy was circulating online. 盗版副本正在网上流传。【派生词】 piracy为名词，译为“盗版”。 Eg: The government is taking measures to combat software piracy.政府正在采取措施打击软件盗版。【即学即用】It’s illegal to p________ movies or music.Reader (名词) 读者【用法讲解】 reader为可数名词，其复数形式为readers。 Eg: This magazine targets young readers. 这本杂志面向年轻读者。【常见搭配】 target reader 目标读者 News reader 新闻播音员 Eg: The article’s target reader is college students. 这篇文章的目标读者是大学生。The news reader announced the breaking news. 新闻播音员播报了突发新闻。【派生词】 read为动词，译为“阅读”。 Eg: The girl enjoys reading books very much.这个女孩非常喜欢读书。【即学即用】He's a _________ (read) of science fiction.Difficulty (名词) 困难【用法讲解】difficulty为可数名词，译为“困难”，其复数形式为difficulties；difficult也可为不可数名词，表示抽象的困难或艰难。 Eg: I met a lot of difficulties. 我遇到了许多困难。 There is no difficulty in doing this task. 做这项任务没有困难。【常见搭配】 Have difficulty in doing sth. 做某事有困难Eg: She had difficulty understanding the complex math problem. 她理解这个复杂的数学问题有困难。【派生词】 difficult为形容词，译为“困难的、难以相处的”。 Eg: The exam was pretty difficult. 这场考试相当难。He is a difficult person to work with. 他是一个难以相处的人。【常见搭配】 It is difficult (for sb.) to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事很难 Eg: It is difficult for me to finish the work on time. 对我来说按时完成工作很难。【即学即用】We found the house without _________ (difficult).她理解这个复杂的数学问题有困难。 She ______ _______ ______ ________ the complex math problem. Copyright (名词) 版权、著作权【用法讲解】 copyright为不可数名词。 Eg: The book is protected by copyright until 2050. 该书版权保护至2050年。【即学即用】The author holds the __________ (版权) to this novel.Agreement (名词) 同意、一致、协议【用法讲解】 agreement为可数名词，其复数形式为agreements。 Eg: They reached an agreement on the price. 他们就价格达成了一致。【常见搭配】 make an agreement with ... 在某方面和某人达成协议 Come to/ reach an agreement 达成协议 In agreement with... 同意... Eg: They made an agreement with the bank to borrow money. 他们与银行达成协议借钱。After long negotiation, they finally came to an agreement. 经过长时间的谈判，他们终于达成一致。I’m in agreement with your plan. 我同意你的计划。【派生词】 agree为动词，译为“同意”。【常见搭配】 agree with sb. 同意某人的观点/适合某人的健康或胃口 Agree on sth. 对某事取得一致意见 Agree to do sth. 同意做某事 Eg: I agree with you. 我同意你的观点。 The climate there doesn’t agree with me. 那里的气候对我不适合。 We agreed on the best action. 我们都同意这一最佳措施。 She agreed to go shopping with me. 她同意和我去购物。【即学即用】There is a general _________ (agree) on this issue.Market (名词) 市场【用法讲解】 market为可数名词，其复数形式为markets；market还可为动词，译为“营销、推广”。 Eg: There’s a flower market near the square.广场附近有个花卉市场。We need to market this product to young adults. 我们需要向年轻人推广这款产品。【常见搭配】 market price 市场价格 Eg: The house was sold below market price. 这所房子低于市场价出售。【派生词】 marketer为名词，译为“营销人员”。 Eg: As a marketer, he specializes in social media campaigns. 作为一名营销人员，他专攻社交媒体推广活动。【即学即用】She buys fresh vegetables at the local _________（市场）.Excuse (动词) 原谅；(名词) 理由、借口【用法讲解】 excuse为可数名词。 Eg: Please excuse my rudeness. 请原谅我的无礼。That's a poor excuse for not doing your homework. 那是你不做作业的拙劣借口。【常见搭配】 Excuse me 劳驾（用于礼貌打断、道歉或引起注意） Make an excuse 找借口 Eg: Excuse me, could you tell me the time?打扰一下，请问现在几点？He always makes excuses for being late. 他总是为迟到找借口。【派生词】 excusable为形容词，译为“可原谅的”。 Eg: His mistake was excusable given the pressure he was under at the time. 考虑到他当时承受的压力，他的错误是可以原谅的。【即学即用】请原谅我，我只是在看漫画书为我的绘画作业寻找灵感。 Please ________ ________, I was just looking at the comic book to find some inspiration for my painting homework.At a time 每次 Eg: Take the pills two at a time. 每次服用两粒药。【即学即用】每次只能进一人。 Only one person can enter _______ ______ _______.Within (介词) 在...之内【用法讲解】 within常指空间或时间范围内；也可指抽象概念，译为“在...限度内”。 Eg: Stay within the designated area. 待在指定区域内。You’ll receive a reply within 24 hours. 24小时内你会收到回复。This falls within our responsibilities. 这属于我们的职责范围。【常见搭配】 within reach 触手可及 Eg: Success is within reach if you keep working hard. 只要继续努力，成功触手可及。【即学即用】You must finish the task w_________ two hours.Describe (动词) 描述 Eg: She described her experience in detail. 她详细描述了她的经历。【常见搭配】 describe... as... 把...描述成... Describe... to... 向某人描述某物 Describe in detail 详细描述 Eg: He described the movie as groundbreaking. 他将这部电影描述为开创性的。 Can you describe the suspect to the police? 你能向警方描述嫌疑人吗？ The contract describes the responsibilities in detail. 合同详细描述了责任。【派生词】 description为可数名词，译为“描述、叙述”，其复数形式为descriptions。 Eg: He gave a description of what he had seen. 他对他看到的进行了描述。【即学即用】The scenery is beautiful beyond __________ (describe).( )2. She describes herself ______ an artist.as B. to C. in D. ofJournal (名词) 日志【用法讲解】 journal为可数名词，其复数形式为journals，还可译为“期刊、杂志、日记账”。 Eg: Keep a travel journal to document your adventures. 写旅行日记记录探险经历。She published her research in a top scientific journal. 她在顶级科学期刊发表了研究。The accountant maintains the general journal. 会计负责维护总账。【常见搭配】 keep a journal 写日记 Travel journal 旅行日记 Eg: He has kept a journal since childhood. 他从小就开始写日记。She documented her trip in a travel journal. 她用旅行日志记录旅程。【派生词】 journalism为名词，译为“新闻业”； journalist为名词，译为“记者”。 Eg: She pursued a career in journalism to report on global issues. 她从事新闻业，报道全球问题。The journalist interviewed the scientist about the breakthrough discovery. 记者就这一突破性发现采访了科学家。【即学即用】Her personal __________ (日志) revealed her inner struggles.Title (名词) 名称、标题、头衔、称谓【用法讲解】 title为可数名词，其复数形式为titles；title还可为动词，译为“给...加标题、授予称号”。 Eg: The title of the novel is misleading. 小说标题有误导性。She earned the title of “Employee of the Year”. 她获得“年度最佳员工”称号。The documentary was titled “Planet Ocean”. 这部纪录片命名为《海洋星球》。【常见搭配】 under the title of ... 以...为标题/名义 Hold the title of ... 拥有...头衔 Eg: The article was published under the title “Future Trends”. 这篇文章以《未来趋势》为题发表。She holds the title of World Champion. 她拥有“世界冠军”的头衔。【派生词】 untitled为形容词，译为“未命名的、无标题的”。 Eg: She displayed an untitled painting at the gallery. 她在画廊展出了一幅无标题的画作。【即学即用】The t________ of the novel is “Midnight Shadows”.Naughty (形容词) 顽皮的、淘气的【用法讲解】 naughty在句中常作定语或表语。 Eg: The naughty puppy chewed my shoes. 那只淘气的小狗咬了我的鞋子。Her son is very naughty but lovable. 她儿子很调皮但讨人喜欢。【常见搭配】 be a bit naughty 稍微放肆一下 Eg: I was a bit naught and ate dessert before dinner. 我稍微放肆一下，饭前吃了甜点。【派生词】 naughtiness为名词，译为“顽皮、淘气行为”； naughtily为副词，译为“顽皮地、淘气地”。 Eg: The teacher sighed at the children’s constant naughtiness during class. 老师对孩子们课堂上持续的淘气行为叹了口气。She grinned naughtily after hiding her brother’s phone. 她藏起哥哥的手机后，顽皮地咧嘴笑了。【即学即用】Teachers often notice the n__________ children first.Faraway (形容词) 遥远的【用法讲解】 faraway通常位于名词前直接修饰名词。 Eg: This is a faraway place. 这是一个遥远的地方。 She smiled with a faraway look in her eyes. 她微笑着，眼神飘渺恍惚。【知识拓展】 far away 远离（表示状态，常作表语或状语） Eg: They live far away. 他们住得很远。【即学即用】She dreamed of flying away to a ______ place.far away B. far C. faraway D. far fromIsland (名词) 岛【用法讲解】 island为可数名词，其复数形式为islands。 Eg: Hawaii is a volcanic island chain.夏威夷是火山岛链。【常见搭配】 desert island 荒岛 Eg: Her dreamed of escaping to a desert island. 他梦想逃到一座荒岛上。【派生词】 islander为名词，译为“岛民”。 Eg: The islanders have developed unique traditions over centuries. 几个世纪以来，岛民们形成了独特的传统。【即学即用】The small _________ (岛屿) is uninhabited.Though (连词) 尽管【用法讲解】 though常常用来引导让步状语从句；切记不可与but连用；常位于从句句首，主从句之间需用逗号分开。 Eg: Though it was raining, they went hiking. 尽管下着雨，他们还是去徒步了Though they are poor, they are happy. 尽管他们很穷，但他们很快乐。【常见搭配】 even though 即使 Eg: Even though she studied all night, she failed the exam. 即使她整夜学习，考试还是没通过。【即学即用】( )1. ______ the storm is coming, _______ we needn’t worry about it.though; but B. Though; / C. But; / D. But; Though课文解析Reading is a good way to open our minds. 阅读开阔我们思维的好方法。【用法讲解】 mind在此处为名词，译为“头脑、思想”；mind也可作动词，译为“介意”。 Eg: She has a brilliant mind for solving problems. 她有解决问题的聪明头脑。I don’t mind waiting for a few minutes. 我不介意等几分钟。【常见搭配】Change one’s mind 改变某人的主意 Make up one’s mind (to do sth.) 下决心(做某事)mind (one’s) doing sth. “介意（某人）做某事” Mind + 从句Eg: She made up her mind to improve her English. 她下定决心提高她的英语。Would you mind my opening the door? 你介意我开门吗？ I don’t mind if you have free time. 我不介意你是否有空闲时间。【即学即用】( ) 1. --Would you mind my _______? -- Of course. Do it as you like, please.to play the piano B. playing the piano C. play the piano D. to playing the piano你应该尽快下定决心，奖学金申请的截止日期只剩三天了。 You should _______ ______ ______ _______ soon, the deadline for the scholarship application is only three days away.Reading ten thousand books is like travelling ten thousand miles. 读万卷书，行万里路。【用法讲解】 thousand前接数字时，不可加s，表示“...千”；thousand后面可接of，此时必须加s，译为“数千的”；thousand修饰名词表示一笔金额时，谓语动词用单数。【常见搭配】 a thousand/ one thousand 一千 Two/ three... thousand 二/三...千 thousands of 数千的 Eg: There are thousands of people in the park. 公园里有数千人。Two thousand pounds is used for team building. 2000美元用于团队建设。【知识拓展】 类似词语拓展 Hundred 百； million 百万； billion 十亿 注意：用法与thousand用法一致。 Eg: A hundred people signed the petition. 一百人在请愿书上签了名。There are millions of people in the city. 这个城市有数百万人。【即学即用】( )1. There are ____________ books in this room.thousand of B. two thousands C. thousands of D. two thousands ofIs it worth reading? 它值得一读吗？【用法讲解】 worth形容词，译为“值得、有价值”；worth还可为名词，译为“价值、财富”。 Eg: The exhibition is worth a visit. 这个展览值得一看。The painting is worth 1 million yuan. 这幅画值100万元。The worth of this discovery is immeasurable. 这一发现的价值无法估量。【常见搭配】 be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 Be worth one’s while 值得某人花时间/精力 For all one is worth 竭尽全力 Eg: The book is worth reading. 这本书值得阅读。It would be worth your while to attend the seminar. 参加这个研讨会会值得你花时间。She ran for all she was worth to catch the bus. 她拼命跑着去赶公交车。【派生词】 worthy为形容词，译为“值得的”。 Eg: This cause is worthy of support. 这项事业值得直冲。【即学即用】Is this antique worth _________ (repair)?After our ship crashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I could. 我们的船撞到礁石后，我拼命地游。【用法讲解】 as far as I could译为“尽我所能”或“在我能力范围内”，相当于as much as I could。 Eg: I helped him as far as I could, but the problem was too complex. 我尽力帮他，但问题太复杂。【即学即用】我尽力解释了规则，但有些细节仍不清楚。 She explained the rules ______ ______ _____ _______ _______, but some details were unclear.I woke up as the sun was rising, but I found I could not move. 太阳升起时我醒了，但发现自己动弹不得。【易混辨析】 rise, arise与raise区别： Rise (动词)“上升”表示由低到高的变化过程，强调主语自身移向较高位置。 Arise (动词)“起身”主语发出的动作，作用到其它事物。 raise (动词)“举起” 表示把具体事物举到高处。 Eg: The sun rises. 太阳升起来了。 He arises to greet her. 他起身向她问候。 He raises his hand to answer questions. 他举手回答问题。【即学即用】( )1. Last year the advertising rate _______ by 20 percent.raised B. rose C. arose D. went downMy arms, legs and hair were tied to the ground! 我的胳膊、腿和头发都被绑在了地上！【用法讲解】 tie在此处为动词，译为“系、绑、打结”；tie还可为名词，译为“领带”。 Eg: He tied the dog to a post.他把狗系在柱子上。His success is tied to hard work. 她的成功与努力密不可分。He wore a blue tie to the interview. 他面试时戴了一条蓝色领带。【常见搭配】 tie sth. to/ with sth. 把某物绑在/与某物系在一起 Wear a tie 系领带 Eg: She tied the rope to the tree. 她把绳子绑在树上。He always wears a tie to work. 他总是系领带去上班。【即学即用】She t_______her hair with a velvet ribbon.It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face. 它从我的腹部和脖子上爬过，知道站在我的脸旁。【用法讲解】 until为介词，译为“到...时”，通常用于描述一个动作或状态持续到某一特定时间点才结束。用于肯定句，表示持续到某一时间点；用于否定句中，与not连用，表示“直到...才”。 Eg: They talked until one o’clock in the morning. 他们一直谈到半夜一点钟。 He didn’t leave the office until he finished his work. 他完成工作才离开了办公室。【易混辨析】 until与not... until区别 until表示某一动作或状态一直持续到until短语所表示的时间为止； Not... until表示动作在until短语所表示的时间之后才开始发生。 Eg: I will stay here until you come back. 我将待在这里直到你回来。He didn’t leave the office until he finished his work. 他完成工作才离开了办公室。 【即学即用】 ( )1. I watched the World Cup in a bar and I ______ home ______ 1:00 in the morning.go; until B. didn’t go; until C. went; until D. have gone; untilI shouted at them -- the loud noise made them all fall over. 我朝他们大喊--巨大的声响让他们重点一些人摔倒了。【用法讲解】 loud为形容词，译为“大声的”；loud也可为副词，译为“响亮地”，常常用来描述声音的强度和清晰度；也可用来描述环境或声音的嘈杂程度。 Eg: He spoke in a loud voice. 他大声地说。The party was very loud. 聚会非常吵闹。Please speak loud so that everyone can hear you. 请大声说话，以便每个人都能听到你。【派生词】 Loudly为副词，译为“大声地”； aloud为副词，译为“大声地、出声地”。 Eg: The audience laughed loudly. 观众们大笑起来。 I’ll read the text aloud first. 我先大声朗读一下课文。【易混辨析】 loud，aloud和loudly区别 Loud为形容词，侧重声音的音量和传远性；可与speak、talk、laugh等连用； aloud为副词，强调发出声音，常与read、think、call、shout等连用； loudly为副词，强调声音的强度和方式.，常用于描述各种嘈杂的声音。 Eg: Please speak louder -- I can’t hear you. 请讲大声点 -- 我听不见。He called aloud for help. 他大声呼救。The bell rang loudly. 钟声大声地响起。【即学即用】( )1. She spoke in a _______ voice.aloud B. loudly C. loud D. be aloudI tried to pull one hand out of the rope and finally managed to break free.我试着把一只手从绳子中抽出，最后成功挣脱了。【用法讲解】 manage作动词，还可译为“经营、操纵、运用、完成、管理”等。 Eg: Despite the heavy rain, she managed to arrive at the meeting on time. 尽管下着大雨，她还是设法按时到达了会议现场。He manages a large company with hundreds of employees. 他管理着一家拥有数百名员工的大公司。The politician managed to manipulate the media to gain more support. 这位政客设法操纵媒体以获得更多支持。【常见搭配】 manage to do sth. 设法做某事 Manage with/ on sth. 用... 设法应对 Eg: She managed to pass the exam despite being sick. 尽管生病，她还是设法通过了考试。They managed with a single laptop during the trip. 旅途中他们公用一台笔记本电脑应付。【派生词】 manager为名词，译为“经理”； management为名词，译为“管理、管理部门”； manageable为形容词，译为“可管理的、易处理的”。 Eg: The manager is responsible for the daily operations of the store. 经理负责商店的日常运营。Good management is essential for the success of a company. 良好的管理对公司的成功至关重要。The task is manageable if we work together. 如果我们一起努力，这个任务是可以处理的。【即学即用】( )1. Despite the rain, we managed _______ the marathon.finish B. finishing C. to finish D. to finishingI don’t know what to make of the new ________ (manage).They seemed to say something but I couldn’t understand. 他们似乎说了写什么但我不懂。【用法讲解】 seem为动词，译为“似乎、好像”。【常见搭配】 seem + 形容词 似乎... Seem (to be) + 表语 看来、好像 Seem to do sth. 似乎做、好像做 It seems that 从句 似乎... Eg: The boys seemed hungry when I saw them. 当我看到这些男孩时，他们似乎很饿。 Jenny seems (to be) a very clever girl. 珍妮看上去是一个非常聪明的女孩。 Mrs. White doesn’t seem to like the house. 怀特夫人似乎不太喜欢这个屋子。 It seems that no one has found out the reasons for the accident. 似乎没有人知道事故发生的原因。【即学即用】( )1. The man over there seems _______ a new teacher.be B. to be C. is D. to isBut I tried my best to keep running.但我尽全力继续跑。【用法讲解】 Try为动词，译为“尝试、试图”；try也可为名词，译为“尝试、努力”。【常见搭配】 try to do sth. 努力做某事 Try doing sth. 尝试做某事 Try ... on 试穿... Try out 试验、试用 Try one’s best to do sth. 尽全力做某事 Have a try 试一试 Eg: He tried to finish the work before the deadline. 他在截止日期前尽力完成工作。 I want to try swimming. 我想尝试游泳。 Can I try on these shoes? 我可以试穿这些鞋子吗？ They are trying out a new software program. 他们正在使用一款新的软件程序。 I will try my best to meet the deadline. 我会尽全力在截至日期前完成。 Why not have a try and see if you can do it? 为什么不试一试看看你能否做到呢？【即学即用】Everyone must try his best __________ (finish) the task on time.But to my surprise, I saw a crowd of tiny men in front of me! 但令我吃惊的是，我看到前面游一群小人。【用法讲解】 surprise在此处为名词，译为“惊喜、惊讶”；surprise还可为动词，译为“使惊讶”。【常见搭配】 To one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 In surprise 惊讶地 Surprise sb. with sth. 以某事引发惊讶 Surprise sb. by doing sth. 通过某种行为使某人惊讶 Eg: To my surprise, all the questions were different. 令我吃惊的是，所有的问题都不一样。He looked at me in surprise. 他惊讶地看着我。She surprised him with a handmade gift. 她用手工礼物让他惊喜。He surprised everyone by quitting his job. 他通过辞职让所有人惊讶。【派生词】surprising为形容词，译为“令人惊奇的”，常常用来修饰物； surprised为形容词，译为“感到吃惊的”，常常用来修饰人。【常见搭配】be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊讶 Be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶 Eg: I was surprised at how quickly he finished the project. 我对他这么快完成项目感到惊讶。She was surprised to win the prize. 她对自己获奖感到非常惊讶。To my surprise, she passed the exam easily. 令我惊讶的是，她轻松地通过了考试。【即学即用】对于那些见过她努力工作的人来说，她的晋升并不令人惊讶。 Her promotion ________ ______ ______ ________ to those who had seen her hard work.Are you _______ (surprise) when someone looks at you in surprise?This time I was too tired to break free. 这次我太累了，无法挣脱。【用法讲解】 “too + 形容词 (+ for sb.) to do sth.”译为“太...而不能...”；其同义词组为“so + 形容词 + that从句”。 Eg: The box is too heavy for me to carry. = The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it. 这个箱子太重了，我搬不动。【即学即用】她太年轻了，无法理解这个复杂的问题。 She is ______ _____ ______ understand the complex problem.There are so many books on the reading list. 阅读清单上有这么多书。【易混辨析】too many, too much, much too, so many和so much区别：Too many 译为“太多的”，修饰可数名词复数形式；Too much 译为“太多的”，修饰不可数名词或动词；Much too 译为“太...”，修饰形容词或副词；So many 译为“如此多”，修饰可数名词复数形式；So much 译为“如此多”，修饰不可数名词。Eg: I have too many questions to ask. 我有太多的问题要问。 My mother has too much homework to do today. 今天我妈妈有许多家务要做。 It’s much too hot today. 今天太热了。 Thanks for sending me so many photos. 谢谢你寄给我这么多照片。 There is so much work to do. I can’t finish it on time. 有这么多工作要做。我无法按时完成。【即学即用】( )1. There is ________ water in the bottle.so much B. so many C. too much D. too manyIf you have any problems, I’m ready to help. 如果你们有任何问题，我愿意帮忙。【用法讲解】 ready为形容词，译为“准备好的”；ready还可为动词，译为“主动完成准备工作”；ready亦可为名词，译为“现金”。 Eg: Are you ready to start? 你准备好开始了吗？ I bought a ready - made suit. 我买了一套现成的西装。 The team readied the equipment for launch. 团队为发射调试设备。 A ready source of cash. 一个现成的现金来源。【常见搭配】 be ready to do sth. 马上要（做某事）、愿意做（某事） Get/ be ready 做好准备 Be ready for sth. 为某事做准备 Eg: The girl is ready to help others. 这个女孩非常乐于助人。 I’m getting ready for the party. 我正在为聚会做准备。 We’re ready for the experiment. 我们已准备好做实验。【即学即用】( )1. I’m ready _______ the project as soon as you give me the approval.start B. to start C. starting D. to startingI’ll put up a timetable on my office door so you know when to speak to me.我会在办公室门上贴一张时间表，以便你们知道何时与我交流。【用法讲解】 put up还可译为“张贴、搭建”等。Eg: He put up some posts on the wall. 他把一些海报贴在墙上。【put常见搭配】 put down 放下 Put on 穿上 Put off 推迟 Put out 扑灭、出版发行内容 Put away 放好 Eg: After two rings, I put down the phone. 响了两声后，我放下了电话。He put on his coat and went to work. 他穿上外套去上班。We decided to put off the meeting because of the weather. 由于天气原因，我们决定推迟会议。The firemen quickly put out the fire. 消防员迅速扑灭了火灾。Please put away your toys after playing. 玩完之后请把玩具收好。【即学即用】( )1. It took two hours to _________ the fire.put up B. put out C. put off D. put awayWe still have plenty of time then.我们还有充足的时间。【用法讲解】 Plenty of译为“大量、充足”，后面可接可数名词复数或不可数名词。 Eg: She has plenty of imagination. 她的想象力非常丰富。【知识拓展】 plenty还可作名词，译为“充足、大量”，此时常与of连用；plenty亦可为副词，用于修饰形容词或其他副词，译为“非常、完全”。 Eg: -- Do we need more chairs? -- 需要更多椅子吗？ -- No, we have plenty. -- 不用，已经够多了。There is plenty of time to finish the task. 时间足够完成任务。The room is plenty big for the meeting. 这个房间开会完全够大。【常见搭配】 In plenty 大量地、充足地 Eg: We have food and drink in plenty. 我们有充足的食物和饮料。【即学即用】店里苹果存货充足。 The store has ________ _______ apples in stock.So please make sure you take care of them. 所以，请确保你照顾好它们。【用法讲解】 Sure 可为副词，译为“当然；一定；的确”；sure也可为形容词，译为“一定的；确信的；有把握的”。【常见搭配】 Be sure + that从句 = be sure to do sth. “确信...” Be sure about sth. “对某事确信” Make sure 名词/that从句 确保、务必 Eg: I’m sure that I will pass the exam. = I’m sure to pass the exam. 我确信通过考试。 Mare sure that you join the queue inside the bank. 在银行里一定要排队。【即学即用】( )1. I _____ my resolutions and I make sure I will try my best to keep them.am sure B. sure about C. am sure about D. am sure to你一定要告诉你弟弟明天练习的事。 _______ ______ to give your brother the message about practice tomorrow.In fact, the books have been translated into over 80 different languages事实上，这些书已被翻译成80多种不同的语言。【用法讲解】 translate为动词，译为“翻译、转化”。 Eg: She translated the novel from French into English. 她将这部小说从法语翻译成英语。 The idea was translated into a successful business model.这个想法被转化为一个成功的商业模式。【常见搭配】 translate into + 语言 翻译成某种语言 Translate... into ... 把...翻译成... Eg: This poem doesn’t translate well into Spanish. 这首诗很难翻译成西班牙语。Can you translate this sentence into Chinese? 你能把这句话翻译成中文吗？【派生词】 translation为名词，译为“翻译”； translator为名词，译为“翻译者”。 Eg: The translation of this poem is very accurate. 这首诗的翻译非常准确。He is a professional translator who works with multiple languages. 他是一名精通多种语言的专业翻译。【即学即用】把这篇文章翻译成西班牙语。 _________ this paragraph ________ Spanish.Because publishers can’t say for sure if the book will be successful or not.因为出版商无法确定这本书是否会成功。 Eg: He is a successful businessman. 他是一个成功的商人。【常见搭配】 be successful in doing sth. 成功做某事 Eg: They were successful in winning the contract. 他们成功赢得了合同。【派生词】 success为不可数名词，译为“成功、胜利、成就”； succeed为动词，译为“成功、继任、接替、紧接着”； successfully为副词，译为“成功地”。Eg: Their success is due in large part to their determination. 他们成功在很大程度上应归于他们的决心。 He succeeded at his new project. 他在新项目上取得成功。 They successfully communicate their knowledge to others. 他们成功地把知识传授给他人。【即学即用】1. She is ____________ (success) in her career.This not only causes the writer to lose money but also harms the book industry.这不仅伤害了作家，也损害了图书行业。【用法讲解】 知识点一：not only... but also...常用来连接两个并列的名词、动词、形容词、副词或句子。 注意：not only... but also作主语时，谓语动词需用“临近原则”。 Eg: She is not only a talented singer but also an excellent dancer. 她不仅是一位才华横溢的歌手，还是一位出色的舞者。He not only plays the guitar but also writes his own songs. 他不仅会弹吉他，还会自己写歌。This book is not only interesting but also educational. 这本书不仅有趣，还很有教育意义。She speaks English not only fluently but also accurately. 她英语说得不仅流利，还很准确。Not only did he finish his homework early, but also he helped his sister with hers.知识点二： 他不仅早早完成了作业，还帮妹妹完成了她得作业。cause在此处为动词，译为“使发生、导致”；cause作名词时为可数名词，其复数形式为causes，还可译为“原告、事业、原因、理由”。 Eg: The cause of the accident is still unknown. 事故的原因仍然不明。The plaintiff is the cause in a civil lawsuit. 在民事诉讼中，原告是诉因方。She devoted her life to the cause of education. 她把自己的一生奉献给了教育事业。Smoking can cause many health problems. 吸烟会导致许多健康问题。The war caused great suffering to the people. 战争给人们带来了巨大的痛苦。【常见搭配】 root cause 根本原因 Main cause 主要原因 Cause sb. sth. 给某人带来某种影响 Cause sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 In the cause of ... 为了...的目的 Eg: Identifying the root cause is crucial for solving the problem. 找出根本原因对解决问题至关重要。Pollution is a major cause of climate change. 污染是气候变化的主要原因。The news caused her great joy. 这个消息让她非常高兴。His speech caused the audience to applaud. 他的演讲使观众鼓掌。They fought in the cause of freedom. 他们为了自由的目的而战。【即学即用】Not only the teacher but also the students ______ (be) excited.他不但踢足球，而且还执教这支球队。 He ______ _______ plays football ______ _______ coaches the team.The c________ of the fire was a faulty electrical wire.You can borrow three books at a time, but you must return them within a month. 你一次可以借三本书，但必须在一个月内归还。【用法讲解】 Borrow为动词，译为“借”，其过去式为borrowed，过去分词为borrowed。 Eg: May I borrow it for a day or two? 这个我可以借用一两天吗？【常见搭配】 borrow ... from sb. 从某人那借 Borrow money 借钱 Borrow time 拖延时间 Borrow on credit 赊购 Borrow trouble 自寻烦恼 Eg: She borrowed a book from the library. 她从图书馆借了一本书。 He borrowed money from the bank. 他从银行贷款。 Delaying decisions is just borrowing time. 拖延决策只是缓兵之计。 They borrowed on credit to expand the business. 他们赊账以拓展业务。 Don’t borrow trouble by overthinking. 别杞人忧天。【易混辨析】 lend与borrow区别lend通常表示“借出”，后面跟介词to，表示“借给某人”；borrow通常表示“借入”，后面跟介词from，表示“从某人那里借”。【常见搭配】lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物Eg: She lent me a book. = She lent a book to me. 她借给我一本书。 I borrowed a book from the library. 我从图书馆借了一本书。 【即学即用】( )1. -- I’ve run out of money. Can I ______ some from you? -- Sorry, I don’t bring any with me.lend B. borrow C. keep D. buyI really enjoy this book because it is both exciting and funny. 我真的很喜欢这本书，因为它既刺激又有趣。【用法讲解】 both为代词，译为“两者都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 both作主语时，常与名词或代词连用； Eg: Both Tom and Jerry are cartoon characters. 汤姆和杰瑞都是卡通人物。 Both作宾语时，常放在动词之后； Eg:I like both pizza and pasta. 我喜欢披萨和意大利面。 both作定语时，可放在名词前，修饰复数名词，表示“两个都”； Eg: I have a friend who is both a doctor and a lawyer. 我有一个既是医生又是律师的朋友。 Both作同位语时，放在be动词或行为动词之前。 Eg: They are both from Australia. 他们两人都是澳大利亚人。【常见搭配】 both A and B 两者都 Both of ... ...两个 Eg: She can speak both English and French. 她即会说英语也会说法语。Both of them are not right. 两者都不是正确的。【易混辨析】 both, either和neither相同点：均用于两个人或物不同点：both指“两者都”常与and连用。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。either指“两者中的任意一个”，通常与or连用。作主语时，谓语动词通常用临近原则。neither指“两者中没有一个（全否定）”通常与nor连用。做主语时，谓语动词通常用临近原则。Eg: Both Lily and Lucy are from America. 丽丽和露西都来自美国。Either tea or coffee is OK. 或者茶或者咖啡都可以。Neither tea nor coffee is OK. 茶和咖啡都不可以。( )1. Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world - famous sports stars. ______ of them are the pride of China.Both B. Neither C. All D. NoneThough he often gets into trouble with his friends.尽管他经常和他的朋友惹麻烦。【用法讲解】 trouble为可数名词，其复数形式为troubles，译为“苦恼、困难”；trouble还可为动词，译为“使忧虑、苦恼、麻烦”。 Eg: The student’s failing grades troubled his parents deeply. 这个学生成绩不及格使其父母深感忧虑。Scientists are putting a good face on the troubles. 科学家们对这些困难似乎不以为意。I’m having trouble finding anything new to say on this subject. 在这个课题上要提出什么新看法，我有困难。【常见搭配】 have trouble (in) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难 Get into trouble 陷入麻烦 Get out of trouble 走出困境 Make trouble 惹事生非 Be in trouble 处于困境中 Take the trouble 不怕费力 Eg: I have trouble understanding the instructions. 他理解这些指示有困难。She got into trouble with the law. 她惹上了官司。With his help, I got out of trouble quickly. 在他的帮助下，我很快走出了困境。He always makes trouble for others. 他总是给别人惹麻烦。He is in trouble and needs our help. 他遇到了麻烦，需要我们的帮助。He took the trouble to explain the problem to me. 他不怕费力地向我解释了这个问题。【即学即用】I have trouble ___________ (understand) this passage.别惹事，否则你会有麻烦的。 Don’t ________ ________, or you will ______ ______ _______.The story tells us to face the results of bad choices as well as to fight for what we think is right. 这个故事告诉我们要勇于面对错误选择的后果，也要为正义而战。【用法讲解】 as...as...常用于比较两个相同等级的事物，其基本结构为：as + 形容词/副词 + as；其否定形式为“not as/so + 形容词/副词 + as”。 Eg: This film is as interesting as that one. 这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。 This dictionary is not as/ so useful as you think. 这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。【常见搭配】 as... as possible 尽可能 As... as usual/ before 像...一样 As long as 只要 As well as 和...一样好 As far as I know 据我所知 Eg: Please answer my question as soon as possible. 请尽快回答我的问题。 She looks as pretty as before. 她看起来和以前一样漂亮。 It took us as long as three years to carry out the plan. 我们花了长达三年的时间才完成这项计划。 She cooks as well as her mother does. 她烧菜烧得跟她的母亲一样好。 As far as I know, the store has already closed. 据我所知，商店已经关门了。【即学即用】( )1. -- Who did it better, Kate or Lily? -- I think Kate did just ______ Lily.as well as B. as good as C. as better as D. as badly as语法解析疑问词+动词不定式“疑问词 + 动词不定式”构成不定式短语，相当于一个名词性短语，在句中用作主语、宾语、表语等。但疑问词why后不能跟动词不定式。 Eg: When to have a sports meeting is still a problem. 何时举办运动会还是个问题。 （作主语） I haven’t decided what to eat for lunch. 我还没有决定午饭吃什么。 （作宾语）The question is how to learn English well. 问题是怎么学好英语。 （作表语）注意：有些疑问词，如what、which、whose、how many、how much等，气候可以先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。 Eg: My mum is checking how much money to spend. 我妈妈在盘算该花多少钱。must与have tomust是情态动词，译为“必须、一定要”，后接动词原形，可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句。must的否定形式must not (mustn’t) 语气较为强烈，译为“不许、禁止”；must还可表示把握性很大的肯定猜测，译为“一定、准是”。 Eg: I must finish the work before dinner.我必须在晚饭前完成这项工作。You mustn’t swim in the lake. 你不准在湖里游泳。The light is on. He must be at home. 灯亮着，他一定在家。注意：（1）将含有must的句子变为否定句时，要讲must变为can’t.Eg：He must be Mr. Li. 他一定是李先生。-- He can’t be Mr. Li. 他不可能是李先生。（2）如果must用于疑问句，否定回答应该用needn’t或don’t have to，而不是mustn’t.Eg: Must I finish the work now? 我一定要现在完成这项工作吗？肯定回答：Yes, you must.否定回答：No, you needn’t./ No, you don’t have to. Have to译为“必须、不得不”，后接动词原形，表示在客观上有必要做某事。注意：（1）have to 有一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时等多种时态。 Eg: Sandy had to wait at the park gate yesterday morning. 昨天早上桑迪不得不在公园门口等候。构成一般疑问句时，要在句子开头加do、does、did或will等助动词。 Eg: Will they have to speak English in Canada? 在加拿大他们必须讲英语吗？Have to的否定形式don’t/ doesn’t/ won’t have to表示“没有必要”。 Eg: You don’t have to answer the question. 你没有必要回答这个问题。Must与have to区别： must侧重于说话者的主观看法；have to侧重于客观需要； Eg: Everyone must wear seat belts. 每个人都必须系安全带。 His bike was broken yesterday, so he had to walk to school. 昨天他的自行车坏了，所以他不得不步行去学校。must没有人称、数和时态的变化；have to有人称、数和时态的变化。Eg: He must be back by ten o’clock. 他必须10点之前回来。 He has to help his parents on the farm. 他不得不在农场里帮助父母。写作话题：Write your article about “reading journal”.* 提示：My favourite book is...It was written by ...The book tells us about ...After getting over many difficulties ...The book has taught me ...I have read the book several times, I’m not tired of it.I recommend the book to you .* 写作步骤 定文体(记叙文)、人称(第一、三人称)、时态(一般现在时、一般过去时)* 范文： My favourite book is Journey to the West. It is one of the four Chinese literary classics. It was written by Wu Cheng’en. The book tells us about stories of four main characters. After getting over many difficulties on the way to the West, finally they made it. Among the four characters, the Monkey King is my favourite. He is so smart and brave that he can protect others well. He never gives up when he faces difficulties and challenges. The book has taught me not to give up or doubt myself. I have read the book several times, I’m not tired of it. If you have never read Wu Cheng’en, I recommend the book to you. That’s all. Thank you.