高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science单元测试练习

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science单元测试练习，文件包含2026学年高一必修第三册英语单元测试Unit3基础卷原卷版docx、2026学年高一必修第三册英语单元测试Unit3基础卷解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共37页， 欢迎下载使用。
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共30分，略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The develpment f artificial intelligence (AI) has revlutinized the field f scientific research in recent decades. Frm analyzing cmplex bilgical data t simulating climate change patterns, AI has becme an indispensable tl fr scientists wrldwide. One ntable applicatin is in drug discvery, where machine learning algrithms can predict the effectiveness f ptential medicatins in a fractin f the time it wuld take traditinal methds. Fr example, researchers at Stanfrd University used AI t identify a new cmpund that targets lung cancer cells, reducing the discvery prcess frm years t mere mnths.
AI als plays a crucial rle in space explratin. NASA's Mars rvers use AI-pwered image recgnitin t identify gelgical features and ptential hazards n the red planet. These rvers can make real-time decisins withut human interventin, allwing them t navigate rugh terrain and cllect valuable data mre efficiently. Additinally, AI algrithms analyze astrnmical data t detect explanets—planets utside ur slar system—by identifying tiny variatins in starlight as planets pass in frnt f their hst stars.
Hwever, the integratin f AI in science is nt withut challenges. One majr cncern is the "black bx" prblem, where AI systems make decisins based n cmplex patterns that even their develpers cannt fully explain. This lack f transparency can be prblematic in scientific research, where reprducibility and accuntability are essential. Anther issue is data bias; if AI is trained n incmplete r biased datasets, its cnclusins may be inaccurate r misleading. Despite these challenges, mst scientists agree that the benefits f AI in accelerating scientific prgress far utweigh the drawbacks.
As AI technlgy cntinues t advance, its impact n science will nly grw. Future applicatins may include persnalized medicine tailred t individual genetic prfiles, mre accurate weather frecasting t mitigate the effects f natural disasters, and even the discvery f new scientific laws by analyzing vast amunts f unstructured data. Fr students interested in science, understanding AI basics will becme increasingly imprtant, as it will be a cre tl in nearly every scientific discipline.
What is the main idea f Paragraph 2?
A. AI's applicatin in space explratin
B. NASA's achievements in Mars explratin
C. Hw AI helps identify explanets
D. The advantages f AI ver human interventin
What is the "black bx" prblem mentined in Paragraph 3?
A. AI systems fail t prcess cmplex data
B. AI decisins are hard t explain
C. AI lacks accuntability in research
D. AI cannt reprduce scientific results
What can we infer frm the passage?
A. AI has cmpletely replaced traditinal research methds
B. Data bias is the biggest threat t AI in science
C. AI will play a key rle in future scientific research
D. Students must master AI t pursue scientific careers
B
CRISPR-Cas9, ften referred t as "genetic scissrs," has emerged as ne f the mst grundbreaking technlgies in mdern bilgy. Develped based n a bacterial defense mechanism, this gene-editing tl allws scientists t mdify DNA with unprecedented precisin. Its ptential applicatins range frm curing genetic diseases t imprving crp yields and cmbating climate change.
The CRISPR-Cas9 system wrks by using a guide RNA mlecule t lcate a specific sequence f DNA, and the Cas9 enzyme t cut the DNA at that exact spt. After the cut is made, the cell's natural repair mechanisms kick in, allwing scientists t either remve unwanted DNA segments, replace faulty genes, r insert new genetic material. This prcess is faster, cheaper, and mre accurate than previus gene-editing techniques, making it accessible t researchers arund the wrld.
In the medical field, CRISPR-Cas9 hlds great prmise fr treating hereditary diseases such as cystic fibrsis, sickle cell anemia, and Huntingtn's disease. Clinical trials are already underway t test the safety and effectiveness f CRISPR-based therapies in humans. Fr example, researchers in the United States successfully used CRISPR t edit T-cells frm patients with leukemia, enabling the cells t recgnize and attack cancerus cells. While these trials are still in early stages, they represent a significant step tward curing previusly untreatable diseases.
Beynd human health, CRISPR-Cas9 is transfrming agriculture. Scientists are using the technlgy t develp crps that are mre resistant t pests, drught, and extreme temperatures. Fr instance, researchers in China have created rice varieties that can withstand flding and require less water, addressing the challenges psed by climate change and grwing glbal fd demand. Additinally, CRISPR is being used t prduce livestck that are healthier and mre efficient, reducing the envirnmental impact f meat prductin.
Despite its enrmus ptential, CRISPR-Cas9 raises ethical cncerns. The ability t edit human embrys, fr example, has sparked debates abut "designer babies" and the ptential fr unintended cnsequences. There are als fears that the technlgy culd be misused t create bilgical weapns r exacerbate scial inequalities if nly the wealthy have access t genetic enhancements. T address these cncerns, scientists and plicymakers arund the wrld are wrking t establish guidelines and regulatins fr the respnsible use f CRISPR technlgy.
Hw des CRISPR-Cas9 wrk?
A. By replacing the cell's natural repair mechanisms
B. By using guide RNA and Cas9 enzyme t edit DNA
C. By inserting new DNA segments withut cutting
D. By mdifying RNA sequences t alter gene expressin
What is an applicatin f CRISPR-Cas9 in agriculture?
A. Curing genetic diseases in livestck
B. Develping fld-resistant rice
C. Reducing the cst f medical treatments
D. Creating new fertilizers fr crps
What ethical issue is assciated with CRISPR-Cas9?
A. It is t expensive fr mst researchers
B. It may lead t designer babies
C. It cannt be used in clinical trials
D. It is less accurate than previus techniques
What is the authr's attitude tward CRISPR-Cas9?
A. Critical
B. Neutral
C. Optimistic but cautius
D. Cmpletely supprtive
C
Renewable energy surces—such as slar, wind, and hydrelectric pwer—have becme increasingly imprtant as the wrld seeks t reduce its reliance n fssil fuels and cmbat climate change. Scientific advancements in these technlgies have made them mre efficient, affrdable, and accessible, paving the way fr a mre sustainable future.
Slar energy has seen remarkable prgress in recent years. The develpment f high-efficiency phtvltaic cells has significantly increased the amunt f electricity that can be generated frm sunlight. Additinally, energy strage slutins such as batteries have addressed the intermittent nature f slar pwer, allwing excess energy t be stred fr use during cludy days r at night. In cuntries like Germany and China, large-scale slar farms have been built, prviding clean energy t millins f husehlds. Rftp slar panels have als becme ppular amng hmewners, enabling them t generate their wn electricity and reduce their carbn ftprint.
Wind energy is anther rapidly grwing renewable energy surce. Mdern wind turbines are taller, mre efficient, and quieter than their predecessrs, making them suitable fr bth nshre and ffshre installatins. Offshre wind farms, in particular, have enrmus ptential as they can take advantage f strnger and mre cnsistent winds ver the cean. Cuntries like Denmark nw generate mre than half f their electricity frm wind pwer, demnstrating the viability f wind energy as a primary energy surce. Advances in wind turbine technlgy, such as larger rtr blades and smarter cntrl systems, cntinue t imprve efficiency and reduce csts.
Hydrelectric pwer, ne f the ldest renewable energy surces, has als benefited frm scientific innvatins. New hydrelectric plants are mre efficient and have a smaller envirnmental impact than traditinal dams. Run-f-river hydrelectric systems, which d nt require large reservirs, have becme increasingly ppular as they minimize disruptin t aquatic ecsystems. Additinally, pumped-strage hydrelectricity allws excess energy t be stred by pumping water t higher elevatins, prviding a reliable backup fr ther renewable energy surces.
While renewable energy technlgies have made great strides, there are still challenges t vercme. The intermittent nature f slar and wind pwer requires the develpment f better energy strage slutins. The infrastructure needed t transmit renewable energy frm remte areas t ppulatin centers is als cstly. Furthermre, the prductin f slar panels, wind turbines, and batteries requires rare earth metals, raising cncerns abut resurce depletin and envirnmental damage frm mining. Despite these challenges, cntinued scientific research and investment are likely t drive further imprvements in renewable energy technlgies, making them an increasingly imprtant part f the glbal energy mix.
What has addressed the intermittent nature f slar pwer?
A. Larger slar farms
B. Rftp slar panels
C. Energy strage batteries
D. High-efficiency phtvltaic cells
What is a benefit f ffshre wind farms?
A. They are quieter than nshre turbines
B. They utilize strnger cean winds
C. They require fewer rare earth metals
D. They d nt disrupt ecsystems
What is a challenge fr renewable energy?
A. Lack f scientific research
B. High cst f infrastructure
C. Inability t generate enugh electricity
D. N effective strage slutins
What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Denmark relies entirely n wind pwer
B. Hydrelectric pwer has n envirnmental impact
C. Renewable energy is becming mre affrdable
D. Slar energy is the mst ppular renewable surce
D
The human micrbime—the cllectin f trillins f micrrganisms that live in and n the human bdy—has becme a majr fcus f scientific research in recent years. These micrrganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, play a crucial rle in human health, influencing everything frm digestin t immunity t mental health. Advances in DNA sequencing technlgy have allwed scientists t study the micrbime in unprecedented detail, leading t grundbreaking discveries abut its impact n human well-being.
The gut micrbime, which cnsists f micrrganisms in the digestive tract, is particularly imprtant fr digestin and nutrient absrptin. Different types f gut bacteria break dwn different nutrients, allwing the bdy t extract energy frm fd mre efficiently. Fr example, sme bacteria prduce enzymes that break dwn cmplex carbhydrates that the human bdy cannt digest n its wn. The gut micrbime als helps regulate metablism, and imbalances in gut bacteria have been linked t besity, diabetes, and ther metablic disrders.
Beynd digestin, the gut micrbime has a prfund impact n the immune system. Apprximately 70% f the bdy's immune cells are lcated in the gut, and the micrbime helps train these cells t distinguish between harmful pathgens and beneficial micrrganisms. A healthy gut micrbime strengthens the immune system, making the bdy mre resistant t infectins. Cnversely, disruptins t the gut micrbime—caused by factrs such as antibitic use, pr diet, r stress—can weaken immunity and increase the risk f autimmune diseases.
Recent research has als revealed a cnnectin between the gut micrbime and mental health, knwn as the gut-brain axis. The micrbime prduces neurtransmitters such as sertnin, which regulates md, and cmmunicates with the brain thrugh the nervus system, hrmnes, and immune system. Studies have fund that imbalances in the gut micrbime are assciated with cnditins such as depressin, anxiety, and autism. Sme researchers are even explring "psychbitics"—prbitics that can imprve mental health by mdifying the gut micrbime.
The study f the human micrbime has significant implicatins fr medicine. Persnalized medicine appraches may sn use micrbime analysis t tailr treatments fr individual patients. Fr example, dctrs culd prescribe specific prbitics r dietary changes t restre balance t a patient's micrbime, imprving their health withut the need fr antibitics r ther medicatins. Micrbime research may als lead t new treatments fr chrnic diseases such as inflammatry bwel disease, allergies, and even cancer.
Hwever, much remains t be learned abut the human micrbime. Scientists are still wrking t understand the cmplex interactins between different micrrganisms and hw they are influenced by factrs such as diet, envirnment, and genetics. As research cntinues, the micrbime is likely t becme an increasingly imprtant part f medical practice, ffering new ways t prevent and treat a wide range f diseases.
What is the main functin f the gut micrbime in digestin?
A. Prducing neurtransmitters fr the brain
B. Breaking dwn nutrients fr absrptin
C. Regulating the immune system
D. Fighting against harmful pathgens
13. Hw des the gut micrbime affect the immune system?
A. By prducing immune cells directly
B. By training immune cells t recgnize pathgens
C. By reducing the number f immune cells in the gut
D. By preventing autimmune diseases entirely
14. What is the gut-brain axis?
A. The cnnectin between the gut micrbime and mental health
B. The way the brain cntrls digestin
C. The rle f neurtransmitters in the gut
D. The impact f stress n the micrbime
15. What is a ptential medical applicatin f micrbime research?
A. Develping new antibitics
B. Creating persnalized prbitic treatments
C. Replacing the gut micrbime entirely
D. Using micrbimes t cure all chrnic diseases
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Science and technlgy are cnstantly evlving, driving innvatin and changing the way we live, wrk, and interact with the wrld. 16. ____________ Frm medical breakthrughs that save lives t technlgical advancements that cnnect peple acrss the glbe, the impact f science is undeniable.
One f the key characteristics f scientific prgress is its cumulative nature. 17. ____________ Each new discvery builds n previus research, allwing scientists t deepen their understanding f the natural wrld. Fr example, the develpment f quantum cmputing wuld nt have been pssible withut earlier discveries in physics and cmputer science.
____________ Scientists ften wrk in teams, cllabrating acrss disciplines and gegraphic bundaries t tackle cmplex prblems. The Human Genme Prject, which mapped the entire human genme, invlved thusands f researchers frm arund the wrld wrking tgether fr ver a decade. This cllabrative apprach allws scientists t cmbine their expertise and resurces, leading t mre significant breakthrughs.
Anther imprtant aspect f scientific prgress is its fcus n evidence and reprducibility. 19. ____________ This cmmitment t evidence ensures that scientific cnclusins are reliable and trustwrthy. If a study's results cannt be reprduced, it is unlikely t be accepted by the scientific cmmunity.
____________ While science has brught many benefits, it als raises ethical questins and challenges. Fr example, advances in artificial intelligence and genetic engineering have sparked debates abut privacy, equity, and the ptential fr misuse. As science cntinues t advance, it is imprtant fr scientists, plicymakers, and the public t wrk tgether t ensure that scientific prgress is used respnsibly fr the benefit f all humanity.
A. Science is rarely a sl endeavr.
B. Scientific research requires significant funding.
C. Scientists rely n data and experiments t supprt their cnclusins.
D. New technlgies ften raise mre questins than they answer.
E. Every scientific innvatin has bth psitive and negative impacts.
F. Scientific prgress is driven by curisity and the desire t understand the unknwn.
G. Scientists build n the wrk f thse wh came befre them t make new discveries.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Eln Musk, the visinary entrepreneur and funder f Tesla and SpaceX, has dedicated his career t pushing the bundaries f science and technlgy. His missin is t accelerate the wrld's transitin t sustainable energy and make humanity a multiplanetary species. Musk's 21. ____________ fr innvatin and his willingness t take bld risks have made him ne f the mst influential figures in mdern science and technlgy.
Musk's jurney in science and technlgy began at a yung age. As a child, he was fascinated by cmputers and prgramming, teaching himself t cde at the age f 12. This early 22. ____________ fr technlgy laid the fundatin fr his future career. After studying physics and ecnmics in cllege, Musk funded several successful cmpanies befre launching Tesla and SpaceX.
At Tesla, Musk set ut t prve that electric vehicles culd be practical, affrdable, and desirable. Many experts dubted that electric cars wuld ever 23. ____________ gasline-pwered vehicles, but Musk refused t give up. Thrugh relentless innvatin and investment in battery technlgy, Tesla has becme a leader in the electric vehicle industry, 24. ____________ the way fr a mre sustainable future. Tday, Tesla's electric cars are ppular arund the wrld, and the cmpany cntinues t 25. ____________ new technlgies t imprve perfrmance and reduce csts.
SpaceX, Musk's aerspace cmpany, has similarly 26. ____________ expectatins. When SpaceX was funded in 2002, many believed that a private cmpany culd never cmpete with gvernment space agencies like NASA. Hwever, Musk's team develped reusable rckets, which drastically reduced the cst f space travel. In 2020, SpaceX made histry by becming the first private cmpany t send humans int rbit and dck with the Internatinal Space Statin. This achievement 27. ____________ a new era f cmmercial space travel and brught Musk's visin f clnizing Mars ne step clser.
Musk's success is nt withut challenges. Bth Tesla and SpaceX faced numerus setbacks and near-failures in their early years. There were times when the cmpanies were n the 28. ____________ f bankruptcy, but Musk's determinatin and ability t inspire his team helped them vercme these bstacles. He is knwn fr setting ambitius gals and pushing his teams t achieve the impssible.
Beynd his wrk at Tesla and SpaceX, Musk has als funded ther cmpanies fcused n scientific innvatin, including SlarCity (renewable energy), Neuralink (brain-cmputer interfaces), and The Bring Cmpany (tunnel cnstructin). Each f these cmpanies aims t address pressing glbal challenges thrugh cutting-edge science and technlgy.
Musk's stry is an inspiratin t aspiring scientists and entrepreneurs arund the wrld. It shws that with curisity, determinatin, and a willingness t take risks, it is pssible t 29. ____________ the wrld thrugh science and technlgy. While sme f Musk's gals may seem 30. ____________, his track recrd f turning bld visins int reality suggests that we shuld never underestimate the pwer f scientific innvatin.
As we lk t the future, Musk's wrk will cntinue t shape the directin f science and technlgy. Frm sustainable energy t space explratin t artificial intelligence, the 31. ____________ f his innvatins are far-reaching. Whether he succeeds in clnizing Mars r nt, Musk has already made a lasting 32. ____________ n the wrld, prving that ne persn's visin and determinatin can drive significant scientific prgress.
Fr students interested in science and technlgy, Musk's stry ffers valuable 33. ____________. It teaches us the imprtance f thinking big, embracing failure as a learning pprtunity, and staying cmmitted t ur gals even when faced with adversity. In a wrld facing numerus challenges, frm climate change t technlgical disruptin, the need fr visinary scientists and entrepreneurs like Eln Musk has never been greater.
As science and technlgy cntinue t evlve at an unprecedented pace, we can expect t see even mre 34. ____________ innvatins in the years t cme. Thanks t visinaries like Eln Musk, the future f science and technlgy lks bright, and the pssibilities fr imprving the wrld are 35. ____________.
A. passin B. talent C. respect D. respnsibility
A. curisity B. demand C. cncern D. anxiety
A. cmpare B. replace C. challenge D. supprt
A. changing B. clearing C. paving D. finding
A. develp B. adpt C. test D. apply
A. met B. lwered C. raised D. exceeded
A. indicated B. marked C. started D. entered
A. edge B. pint C. limit D. end
A. change B. save C. prtect D. understand
A. rdinary B. achievable C. unrealistic D. reasnable
A. risks B. impacts C. csts D. benefits
A. impressin B. cntributin C. difference D. influence
A. lessns B. skills C. experiences D. knwledge
A. surprising B. disappinting C. cnfusing D. wrrying
A. limited B. endless C. exciting D. frightening
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The histry f science is filled with stries f individuals wh refused t accept the status qu and dared t explre the unknwn. One such individual is Marie Curie, a Plish-brn physicist and chemist wh made grundbreaking cntributins t the field f radiactivity. Curie is the nly persn in histry 36. ____________ (win) Nbel Prizes in tw different scientific disciplines—Physics and Chemistry.
Brn in Warsaw in 1867, Curie faced numerus challenges as a wman pursuing a career in science. At that time, wmen 37. ____________ (deny) access t higher educatin in Pland, s Curie mved t Paris t study at the Srbnne. Despite 38. ____________ (face) financial hardships and scial prejudice, she excelled in her studies, earning degrees in Physics and Mathematics.
In 1895, Curie married Pierre Curie, a fellw physicist wh shared her interest in radiactivity. Tgether, they cnducted pineering research n uranium and ther radiactive elements. In 1898, they discvered tw new elements, plnium and radium. Their research laid the fundatin fr the develpment f nuclear physics and raditherapy 39. ____________ treating cancer.
Tragically, Pierre Curie died in a labratry accident in 1906. Despite her immense grief, Curie cntinued their research, becming the first wman t teach at the Srbnne. In 1911, she was awarded the Nbel Prize in Chemistry fr her discvery f radium and plnium and her investigatin f their chemical prperties. This made her the first persn 40. ____________ (win) a secnd Nbel Prize.
During Wrld War I, Curie recgnized the ptential f X-ray technlgy fr medical purpses. She helped develp mbile X-ray units 41. ____________ culd be used t treat wunded sldiers n the battlefield. These units, knwn as "Little Curies," saved cuntless lives and demnstrated the practical applicatins f scientific research.
Curie's wrk had a prfund impact n mdern science. Her discveries led t the develpment f new medical treatments, energy surces, and scientific instruments. Hwever, her research als came at a great persnal cst. 42. ____________ (expse) t high levels f radiatin thrughut her career, Curie suffered frm health prblems later in life and died in 1934 frm radiatin-induced leukemia.
Tday, Marie Curie is remembered as ne f the greatest scientists f all time. Her life and wrk serve as an inspiratin t wmen in science and t anyne wh 43. ____________ (strive) t make a difference thrugh research and innvatin. Her stry reminds us that scientific prgress ften requires curage, perseverance, and a willingness t take risks.
In hnr f her cntributins, numerus scientific institutins and awards 44. ____________ (name) after Marie Curie. The Curie Institutes, lcated in Paris and Warsaw, cntinue t cnduct cutting-edge research in physics, chemistry, and medicine. The Marie Curie Fellwships, established by the Eurpean Unin, supprt early-career researchers 45. ____________ they pursue innvative prjects arund the wrld.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校将举办一场"科学改变世界"主题演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿参赛。内容包括：
科学的重要性；
科学在某一领域的具体成就；
呼吁同学们关注科学、热爱科学。
注意：
写作词数应为80左右；
请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear teachers and classmates,
Thank yu!
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Lily has always been fascinated by science and dreamed f becming a scientist. When her schl annunced a science cmpetitin with a schlarship fr the winner, she was determined t participate. The cmpetitin required students t design an innvative science prject that culd slve a real-wrld prblem.
After thinking fr days, Lily decided t fcus n envirnmental pllutin, a prblem that had always cncerned her. She nticed that many plastic bttles were littered in her neighbrhd and schl, causing harm t the envirnment. Her gal was t design a way t recycle plastic bttles int smething useful.
Lily spent weeks researching and experimenting. She read cuntless articles abut plastic recycling and watched numerus science vides t learn abut different methds. She cllected plastic bttles frm her hme and schl, cleaned them, and tried varius ways t transfrm them. At first, her experiments failed repeatedly. She tried melting the plastic t make new prducts, but the results were nt satisfactry. She felt discuraged and cnsidered giving up.
One day, Lily's science teacher, Mr. Wang, nticed her frustratin and asked abut her prject. After listening t her ideas and challenges, Mr. Wang encuraged her nt t give up and suggested she try a different apprach. He recmmended that she lk int bidegradable materials that culd be mixed with plastic t make it mre envirnmentally friendly.
Inspired by Mr. Wang's advice, Lily began researching bidegradable materials. She discvered that crnstarch culd be used t make plastic mre bidegradable. She decided t design a prcess t mix crnstarch with plastic bttles t create a new material that culd be used t make flwer pts.
Paragraph 1:
Lily spent the next few weeks perfecting her prject.
Paragraph 2:
On the day f the cmpetitin, Lily presented her prject with cnfidence.
参考答案及解析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A 【解析】段落大意题。第二段主要介绍了人工智能在太空探索中的应用，包括火星探测器的图像识别和系外行星的探测，故选A。
B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段"the 'black bx' prblem, where AI systems make decisins based n cmplex patterns that even their develpers cannt fully explain"可知，"黑箱"问题指人工智能的决策难以解释，故选B。
C 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段"As AI technlgy cntinues t advance, its impact n science will nly grw"可推断，人工智能将在未来的科学研究中发挥关键作用，故选C。
B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段"The CRISPR-Cas9 system wrks by using a guide RNA mlecule t lcate a specific sequence f DNA, and the Cas9 enzyme t cut the DNA at that exact spt"可知，CRISPR-Cas9通过向导RNA和Cas9酶来编辑DNA，故选B。
B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段"researchers in China have created rice varieties that can withstand flding"可知，CRISPR-Cas9在农业中的应用包括培育抗涝水稻，故选B。
B 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段"The ability t edit human embrys, fr example, has sparked debates abut 'designer babies'"可知，CRISPR-Cas9相关的伦理问题包括可能导致"设计婴儿"，故选B。
C 【解析】观点态度题。作者既介绍了CRISPR-Cas9的巨大潜力，也提到了其伦理问题，态度是乐观但谨慎的，故选C。
C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段"energy strage slutins such as batteries have addressed the intermittent nature f slar pwer"可知，储能电池解决了太阳能的间歇性问题，故选C。
B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段"Offshre wind farms, in particular, have enrmus ptential as they can take advantage f strnger and mre cnsistent winds ver the cean"可知，海上风电场的优势是利用更强的海洋风力，故选B。
B 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段"The infrastructure needed t transmit renewable energy frm remte areas t ppulatin centers is als cstly"可知，可再生能源的挑战之一是基础设施成本高，故选B。
C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段"Scientific advancements in these technlgies have made them mre efficient, affrdable, and accessible"可推断，可再生能源变得越来越经济实惠，故选C。
B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段"Different types f gut bacteria break dwn different nutrients, allwing the bdy t extract energy frm fd mre efficiently"可知，肠道微生物组在消化中的主要功能是分解营养物质以便吸收，故选B。
B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段"the micrbime helps train these cells t distinguish between harmful pathgens and beneficial micrrganisms"可知，肠道微生物组通过训练免疫细胞识别病原体来影响免疫系统，故选B。
A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段"Recent research has als revealed a cnnectin between the gut micrbime and mental health, knwn as the gut-brain axis"可知，肠-脑轴是肠道微生物组和心理健康之间的联系，故选A。
B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段"Persnalized medicine appraches may sn use micrbime analysis t tailr treatments fr individual patients. Fr example, dctrs culd prescribe specific prbitics"可知，微生物组研究的潜在医学应用包括个性化益生菌治疗，故选B。
第二节
F 【解析】根据下文"Frm medical breakthrughs that save lives t technlgical advancements that cnnect peple acrss the glbe"可知，此处应强调科学进步的驱动力，F项"科学进步由好奇心和探索未知的渴望推动"符合语境。
G 【解析】根据上文"One f the key characteristics f scientific prgress is its cumulative nature"可知，科学进步具有累积性，G项"科学家在前人工作的基础上做出新发现"承接上文。
A 【解析】根据下文"Scientists ften wrk in teams, cllabrating acrss disciplines and gegraphic bundaries"可知，科学研究很少是单独进行的，A项符合语境。
C 【解析】根据上文"its fcus n evidence and reprducibility"可知，科学注重证据和可重复性，C项"科学家依靠数据和实验来支持他们的结论"承接上文。
E 【解析】根据下文"While science has brught many benefits, it als raises ethical questins and challenges"可知，科学创新既有积极影响也有消极影响，E项符合语境。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节 完形填空
A 【解析】passin热情；talent天赋；respect尊重；respnsibility责任。根据上下文，马斯克对创新的热情和敢于承担大胆风险的意愿使他成为现代科技领域最具影响力的人物之一，故选A。
A 【解析】curisity好奇心；demand需求；cncern关心；anxiety焦虑。根据上文"he was fascinated by cmputers and prgramming"可知，他早期对科技的好奇心为未来的职业生涯奠定了基础，故选A。
B 【解析】cmpare比较；replace取代；challenge挑战；supprt支持。许多专家怀疑电动汽车能否取代汽油动力汽车，故选B。
C 【解析】change改变；clear清除；pave铺设；find发现。pave the way fr为……铺平道路，特斯拉成为电动汽车行业的领导者，为更可持续的未来铺平了道路，故选C。
A 【解析】develp开发；adpt采用；test测试；apply应用。特斯拉继续开发新技术以提高性能和降低成本，故选A。
D 【解析】meet满足；lwer降低；raise提高；exceed超越。SpaceX同样超越了人们的期望，故选D。
B 【解析】indicate表明；mark标志；start开始；enter进入。这一成就标志着商业太空旅行新时代的到来，故选B。
A 【解析】edge边缘；pint点；limit限制；end结束。n the edge f bankruptcy处于破产边缘，故选A。
A 【解析】change改变；save拯救；prtect保护；understand理解。通过科技改变世界，故选A。
C 【解析】rdinary普通的；achievable可实现的；unrealistic不切实际的；reasnable合理的。虽然马斯克的一些目标似乎不切实际，但他的业绩表明不应低估科学创新的力量，故选C。
B 【解析】risk风险；impact影响；cst成本；benefit益处。他的创新影响深远，故选B。
D 【解析】impressin印象；cntributin贡献；difference差异；influence影响。make a lasting influence n对……产生持久影响，故选D。
A 【解析】lessn教训；skill技能；experience经验；knwledge知识。马斯克的故事提供了宝贵的教训，故选A。
A 【解析】surprising令人惊讶的；disappinting令人失望的；cnfusing令人困惑的；wrrying令人担忧的。未来会有更多令人惊讶的创新，故选A。
B 【解析】limited有限的；endless无尽的；exciting令人兴奋的；frightening令人恐惧的。改善世界的可能性是无尽的，故选B。
第二节 语法填空
t win 【解析】名词前有序数词、最高级修饰时，后面用不定式作后置定语，故填t win。
were denied 【解析】根据时间状语at that time可知，用一般过去时；wmen与deny之间是被动关系，故填were denied。
facing 【解析】despite是介词，后面接动名词作宾语，故填facing。
fr 【解析】fr表示目的，raditherapy fr treating cancer用于治疗癌症的放射疗法，故填fr。
t win 【解析】序数词修饰名词时，后面用不定式作后置定语，故填t win。
that/which 【解析】引导定语从句，先行词是mbile X-ray units，关系词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
Expsed 【解析】be expsed t暴露于……，此处用过去分词作状语，故填Expsed。
strives 【解析】根据上下文可知，用一般现在时；wh指代anyne，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填strives。
are named 【解析】主语numerus scientific institutins and awards与name之间是被动关系，用一般现在时，故填are named。
as/when 【解析】as/when引导时间状语从句，当他们在世界各地从事创新项目时，故填as/when。
第三部分 写作
第一节
Dear teachers and classmates,
Science is the driving frce behind human prgress, shaping ur wrld in cuntless ways. It slves glbal challenges and imprves ur quality f life.
In medicine, scientific advancements have saved millins f lives. Fr example, the develpment f vaccines has helped eradicate deadly diseases like smallpx. Mdern medical technlgies enable early disease detectin and effective treatments.
As students, we shuld stay curius abut science. Let's explre scientific bks, cnduct small experiments, and embrace innvatin. By lving and studying science, we can cntribute t building a better future.
Thank yu!
第二节
Paragraph 1:
Lily spent the next few weeks perfecting her prject. She experimented with different ratis f crnstarch and plastic, testing the bidegradability and durability f the new material. She encuntered many difficulties—smetimes the mixture was t brittle, and ther times it didn't decmpse prperly. But she didn't give up. With Mr. Wang's guidance and her wn perseverance, she finally fund the right frmula. She then made several flwer pts using the recycled material and tested them by planting small plants. T her jy, the pts nt nly lked gd but als began t decmpse naturally after a few mnths.
Paragraph 2:
On the day f the cmpetitin, Lily presented her prject with cnfidence. She explained hw her methd culd recycle plastic bttles int bidegradable flwer pts, helping reduce envirnmental pllutin. She shwed the judges her experimental data and the flwer pts she had made. The judges were impressed by her innvatin and practicality. After careful evaluatin, Lily wn the first prize and the schlarship. This experience made her mre determined t pursue a career in science. She realized that with curisity, perseverance, and a desire t slve real-wrld prblems, anyne can make a difference thrugh science.