上海高考英语二轮讲义-语法填空无提示词（三大从句、并列句、特殊句式、冠、介、代及其它）（原题版）

这是一份上海高考英语二轮讲义-语法填空无提示词（三大从句、并列句、特殊句式、冠、介、代及其它）（原题版），共18页。学案主要包含了考点诠释等内容，欢迎下载使用。

目录
TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u \l "_Tc148898652" 题型综述2
\l "_Tc148898652" 解题攻略2
考点01 三大从 \l "_Tc148898656" 句3
考点02 并列 \l "_Tc148898656" 句8
\l "_Tc151448955" 考点03 特殊句式9
考点04 冠、介、代及 \l "_Tc148898656" 其它12
\l "_Tc148898657" 高考练场 PAGEREF _Tc148898657 \h 16
题型01 单句语法填空 \l "_Tc148898656" 16
题型 \l "_Tc151448955" 02 变式训练21
语法填空题将语法知识的考查融千一篇英语短文中，通过设置纯空格题填空和给词填空两种形式来表
现，突出考查了学生通过语境运用语法知识的能力，更能客观，准确地考察学生的语法知识水平。考查形式包括有提示词(4~5个)和无提示词(5~6 个)两种。有提示词的考向主要有:名词的单复数、谓语动词的时态，语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、形容词/副词的级别等;无提示词的考向主要有;介词、冠词、连接词、代词等;且每空只能填一个单词。
两个空和三个空的填法
考点01 三大从句
【考点诠释】
英语中，三大从句是指名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从近几年高考语法填空题来看，几种从句都有涉及，尤以主语从句和同位语从句居多。形容词性从句就是定语从句，它包括限制性和非限制性定语从句两种。非限制性定语从句考查较多，尤其是which引导的非限制性定语从句。副词性从句就是状语从句，总计有九种。主要考查时间状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句。
三大从句考查重点(描红)


若两句之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一般填从属连词。
定语从句: 关代：that, which, wh, whm, whse, as; 关副：when, where, why
名词性从句: 从属连词：that, if/whether, because, as if; 关代：what, wh, whm, whse, which, whatever, whever, whmever, whichever; 关副：when, where, hw, why, whenever, wherever, hwever
状语从句: 时间when, while, as, befre, after, every/each time, as sn as, the mment/minute, hardly…when, n sner…than, since, nce, until； 地点where, wherever； 原因because, as, since, nw that； 目的in rder that, s that, in case, fr fear that； 结果s that, s/such…that； 比较than, as…as, the mre…the mre…； 让步althugh, thugh, even if/thugh, while, as, n matter what/ wh/when…, whatever…., whether…r； 方式as, as if/thugh； 条件if, unless, as lng as…
强调句：It
1．All the mistakes I ever made in my life were I wanted t say “N” and said “Yes”.
2．That preserved histric village cnnected t dwntwn by a highway is many ffice wrkers spend their weekends.
3．The pwer f AI lies exactly in is ften cnsidered as its weakness. （用适当的词填空）
4．Talk t her and decide this friendship is still imprtant t yu. (用适当的词填空填空)
5．The new by lked at the teacher fr a few secnds and all the ther students wndered the by wuld d.
6．This painting is splendid, but we actually need it is a different matter.
7．The decisin was made we shuld have sme schl trips this term. (用适当的词填空)
8．When they clsed their League ffices, that was a sign they cared n lnger abut Mr Wilsn’s presence. (用适当的词填空)
9．While they are rare nrth f 88°, there is evidence they range all the way acrss the Arctic, and as far suth as James Bay in Canada.
10．Being a gd listener is a kind f quality, which is it takes t keep friendship. (用适当的词填空)
11．In a sciety being thin is ften seen as beautiful, teenagers smetimes turn t extreme methds t slim dwn quickly. (用适当的词填空)
12．The nuclear waste discharge is nw the majr reasn envirnmentalists feel wrried abut the future f marine creatures. (用适当的词填空)
13．The lng-awaited TV series title is Blssms Shanghai was released in tw versins — Mandarin (普通话) and the Shanghai dialect—n Dec 27, quickly saring as ne f the mst ppular dramas during the New Year’s perid. (用适当的词填空)
14．There’s enugh space at Shanghai t receive this huge shipment, mst f cnsists f cal, steel and machinery. (用适当的词填空)
15．This is Mr Green, with help I’ve made great prgress in English. (用适当的词填空)
16．“Yu needn’t try it yu dn’t want t, ”Mum said. (用适当的词填空)
17．Just a single wrd can change the meaning f a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning f a paragraph. （用适当的词填空）
18．Nevertheless, it will take sme years mst hmes begin t use this new technlgy. (用适当的词填空)
19． the regin has plenty f rain, the sil here is nt fertile. (用适当的词填空)
20．Such an hnest persn is he yu can turn t him when yu are in truble. (用适当的词填空)
考点02 并列句
【考点诠释】
并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成的。这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。
并列句：看两个句子间的逻辑关系来判断。如：并列、因果、选择、转折、对比。
1．Muscle cells need lts f fuel therefre burn lts f calries. (用适当的词填空)
2．The majrity f attempts t climb Qmlangma result either in ttal success failure.
3．Yu enter a strange middle grund—n lnger a small child nt quite an adult. (用适当的词填空)
4．The teacher tld us that when there are difficulties, we shuld vercme them spare n effrts t stick t the gal. (用适当的词填空)
5．Neither time, which seemed t fly by, distance, which stretched ur cnnectin, can hurt ur friendship built n years f shared memries. (用适当的词填空)
6．Schls in the nrth tend t be better equipped, thse in the suth are relatively pr.
考点03 特殊句式
【考点诠释】
高中英语特殊句式主要有三种：强调句、倒装句和省略句，另外还有一些形式，也是特殊句式，如感叹句、祈使句。其中强调句、倒装句和感叹句在高考中是重点。
1．Such an hnest persn is he yu can turn t him when yu are in truble. (用适当的词填空)
2．He ffered t get my suitcase ut f the trunk. I cllected it and walked away. did he.
3．Hard the dctrs had tried t save his life, the schlar died in the end.
4．Nt until then Megan pur ut what had been disturbing her the whle day. (用适当的词填空)
5．Little Rse care abut her wn safety, thugh she was in great danger herself. (用适当的词填空)
6．Nt until he climbed int bed he free t think abut it. (用适当的词填空)
7．Sitting in the frnt rw (be) sme cllege students wh are invited t take part in a debate.
8．It is these scial skills enable us t develp lifelng friendships. （用适当的词填空）
9．I really dn’t knw when it was yu returned the bk t me. (用适当的词填空)
10．It was nt until I entered high schl I realized hw right my parents were. (用适当的词填空)
考点04 冠、介、代及其它
1． the dzens f LEED-certified buildings in Taiwan, Taipei 101 is the mst ntable recipient. That’s because it is the tallest building in the wrld hlding a LEED certificatin. (用适当的词填空)
2．Live, high-detail satellite mapping culd prbably be used t keep tags n anybdy at any time, the persn’s knwledge. (用适当的词填空)
3．It started with things assessing credit risk frm lan applicatins, srting the mail by reading handwritten characters frm zip cdes. (用适当的词填空)
4．Everybdy was tuched wrds after they heard her mving stry. (用适当的词填空)
5．Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back a big tree. (用适当的词填空)
6． all the terrifying facts, hwever, sme cnservatinists say there is still hpe. (用适当的词填空)
7．It saves time in the kitchen t have things yu use a lt easy reach.
8．Peple shared their fd, ice, and gasline. Peple wh still had pwer pened their hmes t wh had nne. (用适当的词填空)
9．The dctr advised Vera strngly that she shuld take a hliday, but didn’t help. (用适当的词填空)
10．Instead f having t chse ne r the ther, we can benefit frm f the appraches. (用适当的词填空)
11．The difference between a man wh succeeds and wh des nt lies nly in the way each treats pprtunities. (用适当的词填空)
12．When my siblings and I were grwing up, I always sensed smething was missing in my life, fundamental t my very identity, t wh I was and where I came frm.(用适当的词填空)
13．In rder t keep team members psitive and mtivated, the team leader needs t shw these qualities. (用适当的词填空)
14．Handshaking have started as an ancient custm t demnstrate t a stranger that yu had n weapn in yur hand. (用适当的词填空)
15．But grcery stre bread stay fresh during lng shipping and strage times. S cmpanies ften put a chemical preservative in it. (用适当的词填空)
16．Hw we respnd t them, hwever, is up t us. We react t them like evils f selfishness r like heres f lve. (用适当的词填空)
17．I didn’t see her in the meeting rm this mrning. She nt have spken at the meeting. (用适当的词填空)
18．When perfrming challenging mental task, d it in silence, Perham recmmended. (用适当的词填空)
19．My six-mnth stay n a space statin has cme t end, and it has been a challenging but magical 固
20．Set in 1960s, it's nt surprising that the family has t deal with lts f scial changes. (用适当的词填空)
单句语法填空
1．The ntice came arund tw in the afternn ________ the meeting wuld be pstpned.
2．It is ften the case anything is pssible fr thse wh hang nt hpes. （用适当的词填空）
3． matters that week is that everyne is having a great time. (用适当的词填空)
4．Hwever, getting advice frm cares abut yu can impact yur life in great ways. (用适当的词填空)
5．But there are things we can d that machines can’t d. machines have made very little prgress is in dealing with nvel situatins. They can’t handle things they haven’t seen many times befre.（用适当的词填空）
6．At the age f three r three and a half almst all children find the change t nursery easy, and this is undubtedly mre and mre parents make use f child care at this time. (用适当的词填空)
7．Richard swims three times a week after wrk.This is he keeps fit. （用适当的词填空）
8．“Every time yu eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is my mther used t tell me. （用适当的词填空）
9．In 1961 the UN decided t set up the Wrld Fd Prgramme, ne f purpses is t relieve wrldwide starvatin. (用适当的词填空)
10．We will put ff the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better. (用适当的词填空)
11．Scientists have advanced many theries abut why human beings cry, nne f has been prved. (用适当的词填空)
12．Sme think f the ffice as the new ffsite, the purpse f is t get peple tgether s they can d the things that remte wrking makes harder: establishing deeper relatinships r cperating in real time n specific prjects.（用适当的词填空）
13．This amazing discvery was made in 1996, a dnkey fell int a hle and the animal’s wner saw the face f a shiny, glden-clred mummy inside. （用适当的词填空）
14．The huse, dr ften stays pen until late at night，wrks as a hme fr the guards，sme f are frm the cuntryside.（用适当的词填空）
15．But thse numbers, impressive they seem, may be beside the pint. (用适当的词填空)
16．The little by wuldn’t leave the shp he bught what he wanted. (用适当的词填空)
17．As a matter f fact, I began playing ftball I was nly eight years ld, and I have been gd at it. (用适当的词填空)
18． my siblings and I were grwing up, I always sensed smething was missing in my life, smething fundamental t my very identity, t wh I was and where I came frm. (用适当的词填空)
19．Peple in Dali are very friendly and hnest t yu yu are a freigner r just a lcal. (用适当的词填空)
20．The classical bk is still wrth it it desn’t sell well. (用适当的词填空)
21．Mst imprtantly, remember the fllwing ld rule: try t eat different fds, nt t much. （用适当的词填空）
22．Office wrkers tried t put ut the fire, it was impssible t cntrl it. (用适当的词填空)
23．Drug abuse has serius effects n individuals physically and mentally, the ecnmic lsses caused by drug abuse are great. (用适当的词填空)
24．Htels are largely given ver t rms fr individuals, “Hme is thught f as a place fr a family ver years, hsting lts f different activities.” (用适当的词填空)
25．Invlving the kids in planning the vacatin makes sure that they have a great vacatin t. I prefer t visit histrical sites and museums while they lve t fish and swim. S I build in sme relaxatin time fr us all the vacatin can wrk fr everyne. (用适当的词填空)
26．Yu d nt cntrl when he sets ff n his adventures, can yu be sure that yur hard wrk will land yu a cveted (梦寐以求的) pstcard. (用适当的词填空)
27．Nt nly the writers speak with peple wh study culture and grup behavir, but als they talked with animals experts like zkeepers. (用适当的词填空)
28．Much the glden ball cactus prefers the sun, it tlerates temperatures f belw zer degrees centigrade. (用适当的词填空)
29．After the wars, the Indians were driven t the west f the cuntry. Nt until 1924 they gain the right t vte. (用适当的词填空)
30．It was in the street I met an ld classmate f mine the ther day. (用适当的词填空)
语篇语法填空
Passage 1
（2025年虹口一模）
Hw t Be Stylish While Prtecting the Envirnment
Despite the huge numbers f peple wh care abut the envirnment and lve clthes, there is a basic cnflict abut being green and being fashinable. This is because the fashin industry depends n a cnstant stream f ever-changing trends, ____1____ means yu have t keep cnsuming. Hwever, buying ____2____ awful lt f things that yu dn’t need, in this case new clthes, is harmful t the envirnment. Even s, there are still sme measures yu can take t achieve ____3____ f the gals.
Firstly, rather than base yur chice f clthes n ____4____ the fashin industry says yu shuld, chse yur wn lk. If yu d this, yu’ll lk a lt mre like an individual, and prbably ____5____(genuinely) stylish. It des nt require any sense f style ____6____(cpy) the lks in fashin magazines but develping yur wn certainly des. Yu’ll find that yu buy fewer clthes ____7____ they aren’t ging in and ut f fashin every week, and this helps the envirnment.
Sme peple think that anther way f achieving this is t buy nly natural materials, like cttn. But the prductin f sme plant-based materials invlves the use f enrmus quantities f pesticides (杀虫剂). In fact, cttn is an especially dirty crp, with methds ____8____(use) in its prductin which can destry the lcal envirnment. If yu want t avid adding t sil and water pllutin in this manner, simply ____9____(chse) rganic materials.
In the end, what yu wear is yur chice and n ne wuld suggest that this shuld nt be a free chice. But we hpe that, ____10____(read) this, yu will be aware f the impact yur chices may have n the health f ur planet.
Passage 2
（2025年长宁一模）
The benefits f cntainer gardening
D yu lve gardening, but yu dn’t have a yard? If that’s the case, ____1____(take) cntainer gardening int cnsideratin. This methd invlves ____2____(grw) plants in pts and cntainers rather than in the grund. Cntainer gardening is a great way t grw flwers, herbs, vegetables, fruit trees and mre. There are many advantages t this gardening methd.
T begin with, yu dn’t need much space. A rf r any ther utdr area that receives direct sunlight will wrk. In fact, a sunny, indr kitchen windwsill(窗沿) is perfect fr a few small plants, ____3____ gives yu easy access t herbs and vegetables as yu prepare meals. The key is t chse a spt that receives a gd deal f sunlight.
Unless they’re t big r heavy, cntainers are prtable. This allws yu t mve yur plants inside if necessary. Or yu can mve yur plants int the shade ____4____ extremely ht days. Cntainers allw yu t place yur plants ____5____ they’ll grw best.
With cntainers, yu’re almst certain ____6____(fill) them with prductive sil. Using a gd bag f ptting sil that cntains the necessary nutrients fr yur plants is best. Here’s an imprtant tip: Once ____7____(stuff), large cntainers can get heavy. Therefre, it’s best t put them at a prper place befre filling them.
One f the greatest benefits f cntainer gardening is that little r n weeding____8____(require). Fr plants in the grund, weeding is smetimes a daily r weekly requirement.
Peple als lve the fact that almst ____9____ can be used as a cntainer. Yu dn’t need expensive pts fr cntainers. Wden bxes, cans, tea kettles, ld shes and mre will wrk. There’s n end t the number f items that can be used. Just be sure t drill hles in the bttm f yur cntainers fr prper water discharge.
_____10_____ shws ff yur green fingers and yur creativity is a cntainer garden.
Passage 3
（2025年徐汇一模）
Pineers in artificial intelligence win the Nbel Prize in physics
The 2024 Nbel Prize in physics has been awarded t Jhn Hpfield and Geffrey Hintn. They are knwn fr their fundamental discveries in machine learning ___1___ paved the way fr hw artificial intelligence is used tday.
Machine learning differs frm traditinal sftware. The sftware receives data, which is prcessed accrding t a clear descriptin, and ___2___ (prduce) the results. In machine learning, the cmputer learns by example, enabling it t tackle prblems that are t cmplicated ___3___ (manage) by step-by-step instructins.
Hintn and Hpfield ___4___ (credit) with using tls frm physics t advance basic research in the field. In 1982, Hpfield develped a mdel f neural (神经的) netwrks, tday knwn as the Hpfield netwrk, t describe hw the brain recalls memries when ___5___ (feed) partial infrmatin, similar t the methd yur brain uses t remember a wrd n the tip f yur tngue.
Geff Hintn and clleagues further develped the Hpfield netwrk. T d that, Hintn used statistical physics, based n an equatin invented by the nineteenth century physicist Ludwig Bltzmann, creating a “Bltzmann machine.” It can learn— nt frm instructins, but frm ___6___ (give) examples. A trained Bltzmann machine can recgnize familiar traits (特质) in infrmatin it has nt previusly seen. Imagine meeting a friend’s brther r sister, and yu can immediately see that they ___7___ be related. In a similar way, the Bltzmann machine can recgnize an entirely new example ___8___ it belngs t a categry fund in the training material.
Hintn has als urged cautin arund the technlgy. Hintn quit his jb as a vice president last year at a tech giant. He said he left because he wanted t be able t share his cncerns abut the risks f artificial intelligence withut wrrying ____9____it wuld mean fr his emplyer.
“One f the ways in which these systems might escape cntrl is by writing their wn cmputer cde t mdify ____10____,” Hintn said in a 2023 interview. “That’s smething we need t seriusly wrry abut.”
Passage 4
（2025年杨浦一模）
Silent Bk Club
Tw dzen peple gathered in a czy café-bkstre in Minnesta, chatting and laughing with thse seated beside them. After ten minutes, the rm ___1___ (fall) quiet. Then peple pened their bks and began t read.
___2___ mst bk clubs, the Silent Bk Club’s Minneaplis chapter desn’t require members t read a specific bk. The setup is simple: Bring whatever bk yu happen ___3___ (read) currently. Quietly read that bk fr 45 minutes. Then share a bit abut the bk with thers.
The clubs attract intrverts, bkwrms and rebels wh resist the idea f spending precius reading time n a bk ___4___ else selected fr them. “I hated assigned reading in schl,” said Krtney Webster, ___5___ member f this club since it started in 2019, shaking her head. “Whenever I see the bks ___6___ (recmmend) n the reading list, I can’t help but turn away frm them.” Acrss the table frm her was Matt Streit, wh launched the Minneaplis chapter f ___7___ has becme a glbal phenmenn.
Streit had heard a radi stry abut the funder f the first silent bk club, with ___8___ cntact was immediately established. Inspired by the funder’s visin, Streit decided t initiate his wn chapter f the club. Frtunately, his club, thugh ___9___ (fund) nly a year ag, has nw ver 100 regulars. It has grwn rganically, attracting media attentin and generating buzz n scial media withut any paid advertising.
As Streit has emphasized, the club is fr everyne and nw it is rganized regularly _____10____ ________ thse wh are shy can seek a balance f privacy and scializatin.
出题方式
词性考查
考点分布
特别注意
无提示词
冠词
定冠词/不定冠词
判断语境是特指还是非特指
介词
搭配及其他
熟练掌握固定搭配以及本身用法
代词
人称物主代词
1、复合句的从句除去关系代词仍缺成分
2、反身代词不能作主语，可作宾语、表语、同位语
3、代词作定语
不定代词
反身单词
动词
情态动词
观察语境中暗含的情感和态度
助动词/系动词
倒装情况
从属连词
定语从句
1、熟练判断各种复合句结构，掌握连接词的特定用法
2、hw+adj/adv情况，what+n情况，hw many/much/ 情况
3、表语从句连接词as if，because
名词性从句
状语从句
强调句
并列连词
并列句
判断上下句之间的逻辑关系
两空常填连词
表原因：nw that
表时间：every time/ the mment
表让步：even if / even thugh
表方式：as if / as thugh
表目的：s that / in case
表结果：s that
定语从句：介词 + which
表除了：except that
表疑问：hw much (many/lng/ften/sn)
三空常填连词
表目的：in rder that / fr fear that
表时间：as sn as
表条件：as/s lng as / n cnditin that
表让步：n matter hw + adj./ n matter what (+ n.)
另：as far as (as far as I knw, as far as I’m cncerned)
两空常填介词
表原因：because f/ due t/ wing t/thanks t
表让步：regardless f
表相反：instead f/ rather than
表除了：except fr / ther than/apart frm
表根据/例举：accrding t / such as
三空常填介词
表让步：in spite f
表并列：as well as
表除了：in additin t
表目的：in rder t
两空常填情态动词
have t / had better / ught t / may/might (as) well
从句类型
连接词
作用/成分
意义
名词性从句
that
×
×
if/whether
×
“是否”
What(ever) / which(ever) /wh(ever) / Whm(ever) / whse / hw many / hw much
主语、宾语、表语、定语
(无论)什么/哪一个/谁、谁的、多少
when(ever) / where(ver) / hw(ever) / why / because
状语、表语
（无论）何时/何地/怎样、为什么，因为
形容词性从句
wh, whm, whse, which, that, as
主语、宾语、表语、定语
谁、谁的、哪一个、如...一样
where, when, why (不引导非限制性定从)
状语
何地、何时、为什么
副词性从句
时间状语从句when, while, as；the minute, the mment, the first time, each time, any time；befre和since；till和until
状语
当时候；一...就...；在...之前，自从...，直到...才...
让步状语从句：althugh, thugh, as以及even if, even thugh
状语
虽然、即使
结果状语从句中“s…that”与“such…that”
状语
如此...以致
条件状语从句if, unless, prviding/prvided, suppse/suppsing
状语
如果；除非；如果
原因状语从句because, since, as, fr (原因分句)
状语
因为
彼此关系
并列连词
例 句
表示递进或顺承关系
and, nt (als)...等
Nt nly is he very fast, but he’s (als) gt marvellus technique.
表示选择关系
r, 等
Either yu must imprve yur wrk r I shall dismiss yu.
表示转折关系
but, yet, whereas等
It’s true that he is yung, but he is experienced and respnsible.
表示因果关系：
s, fr等
I did nt g t wrk yesterday, fr I was nt feeling well.
表示“那时，这时”
when
We were abut t leave when smene kncked at the dr.
表示对比：“而，却”
while
There’s plenty f rain in the sutheast, while there’s little in the nrtheast.
类型
句 式
考 查 重 点
强调句
It is / was ＋被强调部分＋that / wh ...
对句子的主语、表语、宾语、状语等进行强调。当强调部分是人，且作主语时，引导词也可用wh。强调主语时要注意连接词与谓语的一致性。
强调句的特殊疑问句结构:疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that/wh＋句子其他部分?
强调谓语动词
用助动词d, des或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定陈述句中，d还可以用于祈使句。
与三大从句的区别
1.强调句去掉It is/was和that 之后，句子结构仍然完整，而主语从句却不能。
2.强调句中that没有意义，且不作任何成分，而定语从句中that为关系代词，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。
3.强调句去掉It is/was和that后，结构仍然完整，而It is ...中，it指代时间。
倒装句
部分倒装
1.表示否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有never, seldm, rarely, little, few, at n time, by n means, n lnger, hardly/ scarcely ..., n sner ..., nt nly als ..., nt ..., nwhere, neither ... nr ... 等。
2.“nly＋状语(从句)”置于句首时，句子(主句)要用部分倒装。
3.s/such ... that ... 结构中的s, such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。
4.表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“s/neither/nr＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(s 表示肯定意义，neither/nr 表示否定意义)。
5.在as/thugh引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词原形要位于句首，构成倒装结构。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词。
完全倒装
1.here, there, nw, then, ut, in, up, dwn, away, n the wall, in the rm 等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且句子主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。如果主语是人称代词，则不用倒装语序。
2.有时为平衡句子结构或突出强调，将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，构成“表语＋系动词＋主语”的完全倒装结构。
省略句
状语从句的省略
在时间、让步、方式、条件、地点等状语从句中，如果从句主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，而且状语从句的谓语中有be动词，可以将从句中的主语连同be动词一起省略。
动词不定式的省略
感官动词后的宾补，常省略t；在形容词(glad, happy, pleased, delighted, anxius等)后作状语时，t后的内容常承前省略。
常用的与if相关的省略结构
If从句中是it is结构，可以省略it is。如：if ever, if busy, if pssible, if s, if nt, if necessary
感叹句
what引导的感叹句
1.What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语!
2.What＋形容词＋不可数名词/可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语!
hw引导的感叹句
1.Hw＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语!
2. Hw＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语!
1）冠词
表示泛指的“一(个,本,座……)”时用不定冠词a/an，表示特指时用the。
2）介词
句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。
常用介词：in, n, at, t, frm, f, ff, under, abve, belw, ver, acrss, thrugh, beynd, behind, beside, between, amng, near, up, dwn, alng, arund, befre, after, since, fr, against, besides, except, by, with, withut, abut, as, like, during, int, thrughut, until, within, tward, past, despite, regardless f, in spite f, because f, due t, wing t, thanks t, except fr, apart frm, ther than, such as, accrding t, instead f, rather than, as well as, in additin t, …
3）代词
当句子缺主语、宾语或定语时，填代词。前后看,是指人、事物；指男、指女,单数、复数；还是填形式主语或形式宾语的it。(注意定语从句可省略作宾语的关系代词,宾语从句可省略that情况，反身代词不能做主语，可做宾语和同位语情况等)
主要考察：人称代词we, yu, her, it, they等；物主代词my, their, yurs, hers等；反身代词himself, themselves等；指示代词this, these, that, thse;不定代词 everything, smething, anything, nthing, everyne, smene, everybdy, smebdy, anybdy, nbdy, bth, either, neither, all, nne, each, thers, the ther, anther, the thers, ne, the ne(s).
4）情态动词和助动词
若结构较完整，空格在主语和谓语动词之间且动词是原形，一般是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(d, des, did等)。