【英语】福建省龙岩市连城县部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期开学试题（解析版）

这是一份【英语】福建省龙岩市连城县部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期开学试题（解析版），共18页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，背诵材料部分，句子基本成分和基本句型，简单句，定语从句部分，句子翻译部分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(本题共20小题, 每小题3分，共60分。)
A
There was nce a by called Mari wh lved t have a lt f friends at schl. Hwever, he wasn’t sure whether r nt his schlmates were his real friends, s he asked his grandpa fr help. The ld man tld him, “I just have what yu exactly need, and it’s in the attic. Wait a minute here.”
Grandpa left, sn returning as thugh carrying smething in his hand, but Mari culd see nthing there.
“Take it. It’s a very special chair. It’s rather tricky t sit n fr it’s invisible, but if yu take it t schl and manage t sit n it, yu’ll be able t tell wh yur real friends are,” Grandpa said.
Mari was curius t knw whether it was true r nt, s he tk the strange invisible chair and set ff fr schl. At break time, he asked his classmates t frm a circle, and then he put himself inside, with his chair. “Nbdy mves! Yu’re abut t see smething amazing.”
Then Mari tried t sit n the chair, but he missed and fell dwn nt his back. Everyne had a pretty gd laugh abut it. Mari wuldn’t be beaten. He kept trying t sit n the magic chair, and kept falling t the grund… until, suddenly, he tried again and didn’t fall ver. This time he sat, hvering in mid-air…
Lking arund, Mari saw Gerge, Lucas and Diana — three f his best friends, hlding him up, s he wuldn’t fall dwn. Meanwhile, many thers he had thught f as friends did nthing but make fun f him, enjying his every fall.
Leaving with his three friends, he explained t them hw his grandpa had s cleverly thught f a way t shw him that true friends are thse wh care abut us, and nt just any acquaintance wh happens t be passing by. Even less wuld a real friend be smene wh takes jy in ur misfrtunes.
1. Why did Mari turn t his grandpa fr help?
A. Because he didn’t like his schl.
B. Because he culdn’t make any friends.
C. Because he didn’t get alng with his schlmates.
D. Because he culdn’t find ut wh his true friends were.
2. Why was Mari able t hver in the mid-air?
A. Because he managed t sit n the invisible chair finally.
B. Because his three friends held him up with their hands.
C. Because his classmates gave him a chair t sit n.
D. Because he culd see the magic chair clearly.
3. Wh are real friends accrding t the text?
A. Thse wh laugh with us.
B. Thse wh take jy in ur misfrtunes.
C. Thse wh care abut us when we are in truble.
D. Thse wh care fr us when we are ppular at schl.
4. Hw did Mari mst prbably feel in the end f the text?
A. Happy.B. Uncncerned.C. Upset.D. Uncmfrtable.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Mari不确定同学是否是真朋友，于是向爷爷求助，爷爷给他一把“隐形椅子”，让他带去学校分辨。最终Mari在三个好朋友的帮助下没摔倒，明白了真正的朋友是在困难时关心自己的人。
【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Hwever, he wasn’t sure whether r nt his schlmates were his real friends, s he asked his grandpa fr help. (然而，他不确定他的同学是否是他真正的朋友，所以他向他的爷爷求助)”可知，Mari向爷爷求助是因为他无法找出谁是他真正的朋友。故选D项。
【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“This time he sat, hvering in mid-air…(这次他坐着，悬浮在半空中)”和第六段中“Lking arund, Mari saw Gerge, Lucas and Diana — three f his best friends, hlding him up, s he wuldn’t fall dwn. (Mari环顾四周，看到Gerge、Lucas和Diana——他最好的三个朋友，支撑着他，这样他就不会摔倒)”可知，Mari能悬浮在空中是因为他的三个好朋友用手把他托住了。故选B项。
【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Leaving with his three friends, he explained t them hw his grandpa had s cleverly thught f a way t shw him that true friends are thse wh care abut us, and nt just any acquaintance wh happens t be passing by. (和他的三个朋友一起离开时，他向他们解释了他的爷爷是如何聪明地想出了一个方法来告诉他，真正的朋友是那些关心我们的人，而不仅仅是碰巧路过的熟人)”可知，真正的朋友是那些在我们遇到困难时关心我们的人。故选C项。
【4题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第六段中“Lking arund, Mari saw Gerge, Lucas and Diana — three f his best friends, hlding him up, s he wuldn’t fall dwn. (Mari环顾四周，看到Gerge、Lucas和Diana——他最好的三个朋友，支撑着他，这样他就不会摔倒)”可知，Mari通过爷爷的方法找到了真正的朋友，有Gerge、Lucas和Diana这三个真正关心他的朋友，所以他最后应该是开心的。故选A项。
B
Three days ahead f his 20th birthday, Pan Zhanle f China prduced a swim at the Paris Olympics that catapulted (突然处于) him t Olympic gld and internatinal attentin. Pan brke his wn wrld recrd in the 100 metres freestyle, his time f 46.40 secnds at Paris La Defense Arena destrying his previus best f 46.80, set in February.
Brn in Wenzhu, Pan is regarded as China’s “flying fish”. Outstanding fitness earned him a spt in the Wenzhu Yuth Swimming Schl’s talent class at the age f fur. “Once I started swimming, I culdn’t stp.” Aged 10, Pan made a splash with seven gld medals in five days during the 2014 Zhejiang Prvincial Games.
His cmmitment was such that whereas mst swimmers’ mistakes r shrtcmings wuld lead caches t impse (强加) harder training, Pan’s cach wuld instead reduce his training as a frm f discipline. “I wuld punish him by nt allwing him t get in the pl, and he wuld feel really uncmfrtable,” Pan’s frmer cach Wang Shi tld Chinese media. “He just really lves swimming.” In 2023, Pan made his mve. He brke the Asian recrd in the men’s 100m freestyle at the Chinese natinal champinships with a time f 47.22, a mark he then beat again at that year’s Asian Games in Hangzhu, with 46.97.
In 2022, American swimming cach Mark Schubert suggested that Pan switch t the individual medley (个人混合泳比赛), n the basis that Chinese swimmers were unlikely t beat thse f ther natins as 100m freestyle specialists. His cnclusin seemed t act as a challenge t Pan. “I’m rebellius (叛逆的) by nature,” Pan replied t Schubert after Dha, shwing him his gld medal. “The mre thers dubt my abilities, the mre determined I am t prve them wrng.”
5. Why des the authr mentin the previus recrd set in February?
A. T indicate Pan’s capacity t g beynd himself.
B. T shw Pan has gained internatinal attentin.
C. T indicate the fierce cmpetitin in swimming.
D. T shw the recrd is extremely hard t break.
6. What d the underlined wrds “made a splash” prbably mean?
A. Started a better training.
B. Earned a big frtune.
C. Attracted great attentin.
D. Caused sme truble.
7. What wuld make Pan unhappy in the training?
A. Failing t meet the cach’s standard.
B. Being punished t train fr a lnger time.
C. Getting invlved in much harder training.
D. Being frbidden t swim in the pl.
8. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Pan was inspired by the American cach.
B. Pan always ges against the cach’s advice.
C. Shwing ff his gld medals is Pan’s habit.
D. Dubt mtivates Pan rather than beats him.
【答案】5. A 6. C 7. D 8. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国游泳运动员潘展乐在奥运会上的杰出表现及成长历程。
【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Pan brke his wn wrld recrd in the 100 metres freestyle, his time f 46.40 secnds at Paris La Defense Arena destrying his previus best f 46.80, set in February. (潘在巴黎拉德芳斯竞技场以46.40秒的成绩打破了自己的100米自由泳世界纪录，打破了他2月份创下的46.80秒的最佳成绩)”可知，他在巴黎拉德芳斯竞技场的成绩打破了自己2月份创造的46.80秒的最佳纪录。由此推知，作者提到2月份创下的纪录表明潘展乐有能力超越自己。故选A。
【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Aged 10, Pan made a splash with seven gld medals in five days during the 2014 Zhejiang Prvincial Games. (在2014年浙江省运动会上，10岁的潘在五天内获得了七枚金牌，他made a splash)”可知，潘展乐在2014年浙江省运动会的五天内获得了七枚金牌，这引起了轰动，故可推测made a splash意思是“引起了极大关注”，与Attracted great attentin“引起了极大的关注”意思相符。故选C。
【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中““I wuld punish him by nt allwing him t get in the pl, and he wuld feel really uncmfrtable,” Pan’s frmer cach Wang Shi tld Chinese media.(潘的前教练王士告诉中国媒体：“我会惩罚他，不让他进入游泳池，他会感到非常不舒服。”)”可知，潘展乐不开心是因为被禁止在泳池里游泳。故选D。
【8题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The mre thers dubt my abilities, the mre determined I am t prve them wrng.(别人越怀疑我的能力，我就越决心证明他们错了)”可知，别人的怀疑会激励潘展乐，而不是打败他。故选D。
C
Want t knw the current ppulatin f India? The internet is yur best bet. Need a quick refresher n the phases f the mn? G ahead, read a stry nline (r tw r three). But if yu really need t learn smething, yu're prbably better ff with print. Or at least that's what a lt f research nw suggests.
Researchers find that peple tend t read faster n screens. That's fine fr checking texts and scial media psts. But when screens are small, the extra scrlling needed t read a lng article r bk may make it harder t retain what yu're reading, data nw shw.
That desn't just depend n the device, hwever. It als depends n what yu assume abut the text. Nami Barn calls this yur mindset. She says ne way mindset wrks is in anticipating hw easy r hard we expect the reading t be. If we think it will be easy, we might nt put in much effrt.
Much f what we read n screens tends t be text messages and scial media psts, which are usually easy t understand. S, “when peple read n screens, they read faster,” says Alexander at the University f Maryland. “Their eyes scan the pages and the wrds faster than if they're reading n a piece f paper.” But when reading fast, we may nt absrb all the ideas as well.
Hwever, all experts agree n ne thing: There's n ging back. Digital reading is here t stay. S it pays t make the mst f it. It's a gd idea t d a little preparatin. Barn cmpares reading t sprts r t playing music. “Watch a pianist r an athlete. Befre they run the race r play the cncert, they get themselves in the zne,” she says. “It's the same thing fr reading. Befre yu read smething yu really want t fcus n, get in the zne. Think abut what yu'll be reading, and what yu want t get frm it.”
9. Which is NOT the pssible element affecting peple's reading n screens?
A. Small screens.B. Reader's mindset.
C. Simple psts.D. Reading skills.
10. What may all experts agree as fr digital reading?
A. It's unavidable.B. It's unhelpful.
C. It's unpredictable.D. It's unacceptable.
11. Why des Barn mentin the pianist and the athlete?
A. T define a term.B. T supprt an idea.
C. T explain a cncept.D. T present the backgrund.
12. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. The Rise f Digital Reading.
B. The Benefits f Print Reading.
C. Balancing Print and Digital Reading.
D. Preparing fr the Digital Reading Era.
【答案】9. D 10. A 11. B 12. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了了数字阅读与纸质阅读的差异，并指出数字阅读的普及趋势以及如何更好地适应数字阅读时代。
【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But when screens are small, the extra scrlling needed t read a lng article r bk may make it harder t retain what yu’re reading, data nw shw. (但当屏幕较小时，阅读长文章或书籍所需的额外滚动可能会让你更难记住所读内容，数据显示。)”可知，小屏幕（选项A）是影响因素。根据第三段“It als depends n what yu assume abut the text. Nami Barn calls this yur mindset. (这也取决于你对文本的假设。Nami Barn称之为你的心态。)”可知，读者的心态（选项B）是影响因素。根据第四段“Much f what we read n screens tends t be text messages and scial media psts, which are usually easy t understand. (我们在屏幕上阅读的内容大多是短信和社交媒体帖子，这些通常很容易理解。)”可知，简单的帖子（选项C）是影响因素。文章未提及阅读技能（选项D）对屏幕阅读的影响。故选D。
【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Hwever, all experts agree n ne thing: There's n ging back. Digital reading is here t stay.(然而，所有专家都同意一件事：数字阅读是不可逆转的。数字阅读将长期存在)”可知，数字阅读是不可避免的。故选A。
【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Barn cmpares reading t sprts r t playing music. “Watch a pianist r an athlete. Befre they run the race r play the cncert, they get themselves in the zne,” she says. “It's the same thing fr reading. Befre yu read smething yu really want t fcus n, get in the zne.” (Barn将阅读比作运动或演奏音乐。“观察一位钢琴家或运动员。在比赛或演奏音乐会之前，他们会让自己进入状态，”她说。“阅读也是如此。在你阅读你真正想专注的内容之前，先进入状态。”)”可知，Barn提到钢琴家和运动员是为了支持阅读前需要准备的观点。故选B。
【12题详解】主旨大意题。文章开篇提到如果只是查看信息可以在网上阅读，但如果真的要学习知识，可能印刷品更好；接着阐述了在屏幕上阅读的特点及影响因素；最后又提到数字阅读已经存在且要充分利用它并做好准备。整体围绕着印刷阅读和数字阅读展开，强调了两者的情况，所以“平衡印刷阅读和数字阅读”作为标题最合适。故选C项。
D
Fr the past year, I’ve spent many hurs and many Tuesdays vlunteering at a wnderful z. I wrked in the kitchen, helping t prepare fd fr the animals. This z is part f the AZA (Assciatin f Zs and Aquariums). Many animals here are part f a special prgram. The gal f this prgram is t prtect animal species (物种) that are at risk r in danger f disappearing. The z has breeding plans t help these animals survive.
I quickly learned that it’s easy t lve all the animals. I especially liked ne animal right away — the z’s prehensile-tailed prcupine (卷尾豪猪) named Fin. Yu might have seen YuTube vides f these animals eating and making cute nises. I learned that Fin really lves bananas and likes t peel them himself. One f my favrite things abut Fin is his little nse, which lks like a pig’s nse.
I als learned that nthing gets dne withut teamwrk frm the animal keepers. Taking care f all the z animals requires a lt f wrk. The keepers knw a lt abut every animal in the z. They wrk very hard, day and night, t keep the animals safe and healthy. Even in winter, the keepers stay at the z t make sure all the animals are happy and fed.
Zs are imprtant. They teach visitrs why we need t prtect these animals and their hmes. Mst zs care deeply fr their animals and wrk very hard t keep them happy and healthy.
13. What d we knw abut the AZA prgram?
A. It feeds animals with natural fds.B. It searches fr uncmmn animals.
C. It saves species frm dying ut.D. It prvides wild areas fr animals.
14. What is ne f the authr’s favrite things abut Fin?
A. Fin’s lve fr bananas.B. Fin’s nse similar t a pig’s.
C. Fin’s appearance in YuTube vides.D. Fin’s cute eating nises.
15. What des the authr imply abut zkeepers?
A. They have medical backgrunds.B. They train animals fr exercises.
C. They becme animals’ friends.D. They value animals’ emtins.
16. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Zs are nt animal cages.B. Zs shuld be free t all.
C. Zs are nt as gd as nature.D. Zs shuld be under cntrl.
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. D 16. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者志愿者经历，分享动物园在物种保护、团队协作及教育中的重要性，并表达对动物和饲养员工作的热爱。
【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“The gal f this prgram is t prtect animal species (物种) that are at risk r in danger f disappearing. The z has breeding plans t help these animals survive.(该计划的目标是保护濒危或濒临灭绝的动物物种。动物园有繁殖计划来帮助这些动物生存)”可知，该项目的目的是管理特定物种的种群，包括濒危物种，并通过繁育计划保护它们，换句话说，AZA项目拯救物种免于灭绝。故选C。
【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章的第二段中的“One f my favrite things abut Fin is his little nse, which lks like a pig’s nse.(我最喜欢Fin的一点是他的小鼻子，看起来像猪鼻子)”可知，作者最喜欢Fin一点是它的鼻子像猪鼻子。故选B。
【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“The keepers knw a lt abut every animal in the z. They wrk very hard, day and night, t keep the animals safe and healthy. Even in winter, the keepers stay at the z t make sure all the animals are happy and fed.(饲养员对动物园里的每一种动物都很了解。他们日夜努力工作，以保证动物的安全和健康。即使在冬天，饲养员也会呆在动物园里，确保所有的动物都吃得饱饱的)”可知，作者强调饲养员日夜工作确保动物健康快乐，甚至在寒冷季节留守。由此推知，他们重视动物的情感需求。故选D。
【16题详解】推理判断题。末段“Zs are imprtant. They teach visitrs why we need t prtect these animals and their hmes. Mst zs care deeply fr their animals and wrk very hard t keep them happy and healthy.(动物园很重要。它们教导游客为什么我们需要保护这些动物和它们的家园。大多数动物园都非常关心他们的动物，努力工作以保持它们的快乐和健康)”指出动物园的教育意义和保护作用，旨在强调它们并非囚禁动物的地方，而是保护与教育的场所。故选A。
E
As ne f the fashins in educatin in recent memry, yu’ve certainly heard f the flipped classrm (翻转课堂). It is a type f blended learning where students are intrduced t knwledge at hme and practice using it at schl. This is the ppsite f the mre cmmn practice f intrducing new cntent at schl, then giving hmewrk and prjects t be cmpleted by the students independently at hme.
In this blended learning mdel, face-t-face cmmunicatin is mixed with independent study — usually thrugh vides and e-dictinaries. In a cmmn flipped classrm setting, students might watch pre-recrded vides at hme, then cme t schl t d the hmewrk armed with questins and at least sme backgrund knwledge.
The idea behind the flipped classrm is t rethink when students can use the resurces they need mst. If the prblem is that students need help with the wrk rather than being intrduced t the new thinking behind the wrk, then the slutin the flipped classrm takes is t reverse the traditinal teaching methd.
In a flipped classrm, students watch nline lectures (线上讲座), review nline curse materials, read physical r digital texts, and take part in an nline discussin at hme. What happens at schl includes skill practice, in-persn r face-t-face discussins with classmates, presentatins, experiments, peer (同行) review, and s n. It allws students t stp, lk up wrds nline, and rewatch, creating a ready-made library fr student review.
Of curse, it’s nt that simple. There are sme disadvantages f a flipped classrm. Just like in a regular classrm, success depends greatly n the quality f teachers, the clarity f cnversatins, and the quality f given curses, tests, and instructins. Further, fairness is still a majr issue, and it desn’t fix the utdated methd mst educatinal systems take t curses.
17. What des the flipped classrm feature?
A. Mre dependence n hbbies.B. Technlgy-assisted learning.
C. Parent-child cperatin.D. Less fcus n textbks.
18. What des the underlined wrd “reverse” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Research.B. Examine.C. Change.D. Shape.
19. What is the advantage f the flipped classrm?
A. It gives persnalized experiences.B. It develps creativity in students.
C. It builds trust amng peers.D. It simplifies learning steps.
20. Why is the flipped classrm criticized?
A. It fails t change teachers’ thinking.B. It hardly imprves students’ grades.
C. It causes unclear dialgues.D. It nly tuches the surface.
【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了翻转课堂这一混合式学习模式的概念、实施方式、核心理念及存在的优缺点。
【17题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“In this blended learning mdel, face-t-face cmmunicatin is mixed with independent study — usually thrugh vides and e-dictinaries. (在这种混合学习模式中，面对面交流与独立学习相结合，通常通过视频和电子词典来实现独立学习)”可知，翻转课堂的核心特征是依赖技术工具，如视频、电子词典等辅助学习。故选B项。
【18题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“the slutin the flipped classrm takes is t reverse the traditinal teaching methd. (翻转课堂的解决方案是reverse传统教学方法)”，结合第一段中的“This is the ppsite f the mre cmmn practice f intrducing new cntent at schl, then giving hmewrk and prjects t cmpleted by the students independently at hme. (这与更常见的做法相反——通常是在学校教授新内容，然后让学生在家独立完成家庭作业和项目)”以及第四段的介绍可知，reverse在此语境中指彻底改变传统教学模式，即：翻转课堂的解决方案是颠覆传统教学方法，故选C项。
【19题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It allws students t stp, lk up wrds nline, and rewatch, creating a ready-made library fr student review. (它允许学生暂停、在线查词、重复观看，形成可随时复习的资源库)”可知，翻转课堂的核心优势是支持学生按个人节奏自主学习。故选A项。
【20题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末段中的“Further, fairness is still a majr issue, and it desn’t fix the utdated methd mst educatinal systems take t curses. (此外，公平性仍是主要问题，它并未解决教育系统普遍采用的过时教学方法)”可推知，批评的核心是翻转课堂未能触及教育体系的根本缺陷，仅停留在表面改良。故选D项。
二、背诵材料部分
(一)、请根据中文意思的提示完成句子。(本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。)
21. He was ________ (恼火) t learn that the train wuld be delayed (延误). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】annyed
【详解】考查形容词。句意：得知火车将延误，他很恼火。“恼火”在句中作表语，表明主语“He”的状态，应用-ed形容词annyed，意为“恼怒的，烦恼的”。故填annyed。
22. Mst children are ________ (害怕) by the sight f bld. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】frightened
【详解】考查动词。句意：大多数孩子看到血都会感到害怕。根据汉语提示可知用动词frighten，与主语构成被动关系，结合are可知为一般现在时的被动语态，故填frightened。
23. He expressed his ________ (自信) that their team wuld win the game. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】cnfidence
【详解】考查名词。句意：他表达了自己对于他们队能够赢得这场比赛的坚定信心。根据汉语提示可知用名词cnfidence，作宾语，不可数。故填cnfidence。
24. It is gd t be curius abut the wrld arund yu because I think ________ (好奇心) is the best teacher. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】curisity
【详解】考查名词。句意：对周围的世界保持好奇是件好事，因为我认为好奇心是最好的老师。根据汉语提示可知用名词curisity，作主语，不可数。故填curisity。
25. It is difficult fr a freshman, but I am cnfident that I can meet thse __________(挑战). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】challenges
【详解】考查名词。句意：这对一个大一新生来说很难，但我相信我能应对这些挑战。根据汉语意思提示以及空前thse可知，此处为复数名词challenges“挑战”，作宾语，满足句意要求。故填challenges。
26. Many peple went abrad fr ________ (先进的) technlgy during their yuth. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】advanced
【详解】考查形容词。句意：许多人年轻时就出国学习先进技术。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词advanced“先进的”作定语修饰technlgy，满足句意要求。故填advanced。
27. Their answer was __________(显然) wrng, but n ne pinted it ut. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】bviusly/clearly
【详解】考查副词。句意：他们的答案显然是错的，但没有人指出来。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为副词bviusly/clearly“显然，明显地”作状语，满足句意要求。故填bviusly/clearly。
28. She didn’t read the bk, and culdn’t understand the ________ (内容) f it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】cntent
【详解】考查名词。句意：她没有读这本书，所以不能理解它的内容。“内容”作宾语，用名词cntent，特指这本书的内容，用单数形式。故填cntent。
29. Therefre, let’s take the ________ (责任) t build up a lw-carbn city by riding bicycles. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】respnsibility
【详解】考查名词。句意：因此，让我们通过骑自行车来承担起建设低碳城市的责任。根据汉语意思提示可知，“责任”对应的英文名词是名词“respnsibility”，作宾语，为可数名词，此处“take the respnsibility t d sth”是固定搭配。故填respnsibility。
30. When yu cme here, yu will be cmpletely ________ (吸引) t the natural scenery. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】attracted
【详解】考查动词。句意：当你来到这里时，你会完全被这里的自然风光所吸引。根据汉语提示可知用动词attract，结合上文will be可知为一般将来时的被动语态。故填attracted。
(二)、请根据中文意思的提示完成短语。(本题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。)
汉译英
31. ______________ 同意
32. ______________ 给来访者指路
33. ______________ 组建队伍，加入队伍
34. ______________ 赶上
35. ______________ 打扫(或清除)干净
36. ______________ 在……有些麻烦
37. ______________ 就……征求建议
38. ______________ 做到
39. ______________ 在……方面很流利/熟练
40. ______________ 预定做某事
【答案】31. agree with 32. give directins t visitrs 33. make the team 34. keep up with 35. clean up 36. have truble in 37. ask fr advice n 38. make it 39. be fluent in 40. be scheduled t d sth.
【31题详解】根据汉语提示“同意”可知英文表达为agree with，故填agree with。
【32题详解】根据汉语提示“给来访者指路”可知英文表达为give directins t visitrs，故填give directins t visitrs。
【33题详解】根据汉语提示“组建队伍，加入队伍”可知英文表达为make the team，故填make the team。
【34题详解】根据汉语提示“赶上”可知英文表达为keep up with，故填keep up with。
【35题详解】根据汉语提示“打扫(或清除)干净”可知英文表达为clean up，故填clean up。
【36题详解】根据汉语提示“在……有些麻烦”可知英文表达为have truble in，故填have truble in。
【37题详解】根据汉语提示“就……征求建议”可知英文表达为ask fr advice n，故填ask fr advice n。
【38题详解】根据汉语提示“做到”可知英文表达为make it，故填make it。
【39题详解】根据汉语提示“在……方面很流利/熟练”可知英文表达为be fluent in，故填be fluent in。
【40题详解】根据汉语提示“预定做某事”可知英文表达为be scheduled t d sth.，故填be scheduled t d sth.。
三、句子基本成分和基本句型，简单句、并列复合句和主从复合句部分：
(一)、(本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分。)
判断基本句型。请同学们写出下列句子的基本句型。如：1. 主谓(SV)2. 主谓状(SVA)等。
41. The math hmewrk lks easy.
__________________________________________
42. We shuld keep the plants in the shade.
____________________________________________
43. He heard the nise upstairs every night.
____________________________________________
44. The man n the mtrbike was traveling t fast.
____________________________________________
45. Tim tld his parents what happened n the ship.
_____________________________________________
【答案】41. 主系表 42. 主谓宾补 43. 主谓宾状 44. 主谓状 45. 主谓宾宾
【41题详解】考查句子成分。句意：这数学作业看起来很简单。The math hmewrk为主语；lks为系动词，easy为形容词作表语。故填“主系表”。
【42题详解】考查句子成分。句意：我们应该把植物放在阴凉处。We为主语；shuld keep为谓语；the plants为宾语，in the shade为宾补。故填“主谓宾补”。
【43题详解】考查句子成分。句意：他每晚都能听到楼上的声响。He为主语；heard为谓语；the nise为宾语；upstairs修饰动词；every night为状语；故填“主谓宾状”。
【44题详解】考查句子成分。句意：骑摩托车的那个人行驶得太快了。The man为主语；n the mtrbike为后置定语；was traveling为谓语；t fast为状语，修饰动词；故填“主谓状”。
【45题详解】考查句子成分。句意：蒂姆把在船上发生的事情告诉了他的父母。Tim为主语；tld为谓语；his parents为间接宾语；what happened n the ship为直接宾语。故填“主谓宾宾”。
(二)、判断基本句型(本题共3小题10个小序号，每填正确一个序号得1分，共10分)
阅读短文，并将画线句子的序号填入对应的横线上。
Hw t keep healthy
What is the mst imprtant thing in the wrld? ① I think it is health.
② Yu can take away ur mney, huse, car, r even ur clthes and we can survive. ③ But if ur health were taken away, we wuld surely die. ④ That is why we always try t eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly.
⑤ In rder t eat healthily, I usually avid eating fd high in fat, like French fries r ckies. ⑥ I eat a lt f vegetables and fresh fruit, fr they are full f vitamins. ⑦ Taking exercise every day helps us build a strng bdy. What’s mre, I think friends are an imprtant part f ne’s health. Many studies shw that peple with a wide range f scial cntacts get sick less than thse wh dn’t. ⑧ I always feel better when I am with friends than when I am alne. When I am with my friends, I always laugh. Laughing is als an imprtant part f health.
⑨ By eating prperly and exercising regularly, I can keep my bdy at a prper weight. By spending time with my friends, I can keep my mind as well as my bdy happy. ⑩ These things sund easy t d, but nt many peple can manage them. I think a strng will is necessary if we want t keep healthy.
46. 简单句：____________________
47. 并列复合句：____________________
48. 主从复合句：____________________
【答案】46. ⑤⑦⑨ 47. ②⑩ 48. ①③④⑥⑧
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章认为健康是世间最重要的，阐述了健康饮食（避高脂、多蔬果）、规律运动及交友（助减少生病、带来快乐）对健康的重要性，还提及坚持做这些事需坚强意志。
【46题详解】此处简单句为⑤In rder t eat healthily, I usually avid eating fd high in fat, like French fries r ckies.，句意：为了保持健康饮食，我通常会避免食用高脂肪的食物，比如炸薯条和饼干。In rder t eat healthily不定式作目的状语，主语为I；usually作状语修饰动词；avid为谓语；eating fd high in fat作宾语；⑦Taking exercise every day helps us build a strng bdy.句意：每天进行锻炼有助于我们塑造强健的体魄。Taking exercise every day为动名词作主语；helps为谓语；us为宾语；build a strng bdy为不带 t 的不定式短语充当，补充说明宾语us被施加动作后产生的结果，即“帮助我们达成的事”；⑨By eating prperly and exercising regularly, I can keep my bdy at a prper weight.句意：通过合理饮食和规律运动，我能保持体重处于正常范围。By eating prperly and exercising regularly为状语，I为主语；keep为谓语；my bdy为宾语；at a prper weight为宾补。故填⑤⑦⑨。
【47题详解】此处并列复合句为②Yu can take away ur mney, huse, car, r even ur clthes and we can survive.句意：你可以拿走我们的钱、房子、汽车，甚至我们的衣服，但我们仍能活下去。r表示选择关系；⑩ These things sund easy t d, but nt many peple can manage them.句意：这些事情听起来很容易做到，但没有多少人能够做到。but表示转折关系。故填②⑩。
【48题详解】此处主从复合句为①I think it is health.句意：我认为是健康。为省略that的宾语从句；③But if ur health were taken away, we wuld surely die.句意：但倘若我们的健康被剥夺了，我们肯定会死去。if引导条件状语从句；⑥I eat a lt f vegetables and fresh fruit, fr they are full f vitamins.句意：我吃很多蔬菜和新鲜水果，因为它们富含维生素。fr引导原因状语从句；④That is why we always try t eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly.句意：这就是为什么我们总是努力保持健康饮食并定期进行锻炼的原因。why引导表语从句；⑧I always feel better when I am with friends than when I am alne.句意：和朋友们在一起时，我总是感觉比独自一人时要好得多。when引导时间状语从句。故填①③④⑥⑧。
(三)、在横线上填入合适的词。(本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分)
49. My bad tth was killing me last night, ________ I had t see a dctr at midnight. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】s
【详解】考查连词。句意：昨晚我的坏牙疼得要命，所以我不得不半夜去看医生。根据句意可知，前半句“My bad tth was killing me last night”（昨晚我的坏牙疼得要命）是原因，后半句“I had t see a dctr at midnight”（我半夜不得不去看医生）是结果，二者为因果关系，且表示“因此，所以”，故用连词“s”连接，符合逻辑语境。故填s。
50. I realize the secret t success is nt when and where yu were brn, ______ what yu are ding in yur life. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】but
【详解】考查连词。句意：我意识到成功的秘诀不在于你何时何地出生，而在于你一生在做什么。根据空前nt when and where yu were brn和空后what yu are ding in yur life可知，空格前后为转折关系，故用连词but，表示转折。“不是而是”。故填but。
51. Put the medicine________ children can’t reach it. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：把药放在孩子们够不到的地方。分析句子结构，这是一个包含地点状语从句的复合句，使用where引导的状语从句，故填where。
52. Jane asked her father ________ he was late fr the party that day. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】why
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：Jane问她父亲那天聚会为什么迟到。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连接词引导的宾语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，句意不完整，结合句意可知，此处表示“为什么”符合语境，所以此处应使用连接副词why。故填why。
53. These prducts_____ ur cmpany designed fr children are well received by bth children and their parents. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】which/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们公司为儿童设计的这些产品受到了孩子和家长的好评。此处是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词prducts，指物，关系词在从句作宾语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。
四、定语从句部分
单句语法填空，在横线处填入适当的关系词。(本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。)
54. The gentleman ________ yu met yesterday prved t be a thief. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that/wh/whm
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你昨天遇到的那位先生被证明是个小偷。分析句子结果可知，空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词The gentleman。先行词指人，在定语从句中作宾语，所以可以用关系代词that,wh或whm引导该从句。故填that/wh/whm。
55. In this article, we will talk abut a particular type f cmfrt fd ______ pwer mainly lies in the assciatins it calls t mind. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】whse
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在这篇文章中，我们将讨论一种特殊的安慰食物，它的力量主要在于它能唤起人们的联想。定语从句修饰先行词cmfrt fd，在从句作定语，应用whse。故填whse。
56. I’m deeply impressed by the prfessrs and labs __________ I visited in Nanjing University. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我在南京大学参观的教授和实验室给我留下了深刻的印象。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the prfessrs and labs，且关系词在从句中作宾语，当先行词为人和物，只能用that引导，故填that。
57. Why can’t yu realize the part________ they have played in ur life?(用适当的词填空)
【答案】which/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你为什么就不能意识到他们在我们生活中扮演的角色呢？空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词part，指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用that/which来引导定语从句。故填which/that。
58. The first thing ________ shuld be dne is t wrk ut a plan. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：应该做的第一件事是制定一个计划。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个定语从句，修饰前面的名词thing，从句中缺少主语，先行词表示物，且先行词前面有序数词first修饰，此处应用that引导。故填that。
59. I hardly had the ccasin ________ I had a full talk with my sn. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我几乎没有和我的儿子进行一次完整的谈话的时候。“________I had a full talk with my sn.”是定语从句，先行词是ccasin(时刻)，指时间，且定语从句缺少状语，应用关系副词when来引导定语从句，注意区分固定句型“hardly…when”译为“一就”，但是hardly所在的主句用过去完成时，而when引导的从句用一般过去时，所以此处不是该句型，而是when引导的定语从句。故填when。
60. He presented an applicatin t the cmmittee ________ he expressed his determinatin t devte himself t the charity wrk.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他向委员会提交了一份申请书，其中表达了致力于慈善工作的决心。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是applicatin，关系词在从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。
61. The reasn ________ she was late fr the meeting was that she verslept. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】why
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她开会迟到的原因是她睡过头了。此处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reasn，关系词将其代入从句中作原因状语，用关系副词why引导从句。故填why。
62. The reasn _____ he gave fr his being absent frm the meeting wasn’t accepted by his bss. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that/which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他给出的自己开会迟到的原因并不能让老板接受。设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作宾语,先行词为The reasn，指物，因此需用关系代词which或that。故填that/which。
63. A husing bubble (泡沫) is an ecnmic situatin ________ccurs when huse prices rise much t fast. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that/which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：房地产泡沫是指一种经济现象，即房屋价格上涨过快的情况。定语从句修饰先行词situatin，在从句作主语，指物，故填that/which。
五、句子翻译部分：
翻译句子(本题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分。)
64. 一个人可以被毁灭，但不能被打败。(汉译英)
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【答案】A man can be destryed but nt defeated.
【详解】考查情态动词、语态和并列结构。主语“一个人”用a man，“可以”用情态动词can，“被毁灭”作谓语，用被动语态be destryed，“但不能被打败”可处理为并列谓语，用连词but连接，表转折关系，“不能被打败”译为cannt be defeated，为避免重复，可省略情态动词can和助动词be。综上，全句译为：A man can be destryed but nt defeated.
65. 她结交了愿意帮助她的新朋友。(汉译英)
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【答案】She made new friends wh/that were willing t help her.
【详解】考查时态和定语从句。句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。“愿意帮助她的”处理为定语从句；主句主语是she，“交新朋友”表达为make new friends，make作谓语，用过去式made；代替先行词friends在从句中作主语，用关系代词wh/that作引导词，“愿意做某事”表达为be willing t d sth.，主语wh/that是复数意义，谓语be用were，“帮助她”表达为help her，此处用其不定式形式。综上，故翻译为She made new friends wh/that were willing t help her.
66. 很抱歉告诉你，我快没精力了，我想休息一下。(汉译英)
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【答案】I am srry t tell yu that my energy is running ut and I want a break.
【详解】考查宾语从句和时态。“很抱歉告诉你”应理解为“我很抱歉告诉你”，可译为I am srry t tell yu…；“我快没精力了，我想休息一下”作宾语，处理为宾语从句，用连词that引导从句，“我快没精力了”是从句中分句，译为my energy is running ut，用现在进行时态表即将发生的事情，“我想休息一下”是并列分句，用连词and 连接，译为I want a break。综上，全句译为：I am srry t tell yu that my energy is running ut and I want a break.
67. 快考试了，学生们正忙着备考。(汉译英)
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【答案】The examinatin is cming and the students are busy preparing fr it.
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。“快考试了”可以用现在进行时表示将来，译为The examinatin is cming；“学生们正忙着备考”是并列分句，用并列连词and连接，主语“学生们”译为the students，“忙着做某事”用固定短语be busy ding sth.，描述现在的状态用一般现在时态，主语是复数名词，系动词用复数形式are，“备考”作宾语，用动名词短语preparing fr it。综上，全句译为：The examinatin is cming and the students are busy preparing fr it.
68. 我永远不会忘记你对我和我的家人所表现出的善良和温暖。(汉译英)
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【答案】I will never frget the kindness and warmth (that/which) yu shwed t me and my family.
【详解】考查时态、定语从句和固定短语。主句中“我永远不会忘记”描述将来的事情，用一般将来时态，译为I will never frget，宾语“善良和温暖”译为the kindness and warmth；“你对我和我的家人所表现出的”作定语，可处理为限制性定语从句修饰先行词“the kindness and warmth”，用关系代词that或者which引导从句并在从句中作宾语，可省略，从句主语“你”用人称代词yu，“表现出”作谓语，用短语shw t，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时态shwed t，宾语“我和我的家人”用me and my family表示。综上，全句译为：I will never frget the kindness and warmth (that/which) yu shwed t me and my family.