广东省深圳某学校2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份广东省深圳某学校2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版），共30页。
1. Was it in the rm _____ Mr. Jhnsn lived _____ the exhibitin was held?
A. which; thatB. where; that
C. where; whereD. where; which
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：是在约翰逊先生住的房间里举办展览吗？分析句子结构，第一个设空处引导定语从句，修饰地点先行词the rm，从句主语是Mr. Jhnsn，从句谓语是lived，则第一个设空处应填引导词where，充当从句地点状语；一般疑问句的强调句型结构是：Was/Is it + 被强调部分 +that（通用）/wh（指人）/whm（强调宾语指人）+其它。该句去掉“Was it... that”结构后，句子依然成立且通顺，所以该句是强调句，被强调部分是“in the rm”，所以第二个空应填that。故选B项。
2. It must be the reasn _____ Mike refused t say mre abut it fr at the meeting______ arused the suspicin f the detective.
A. which…thatB. why…that
C. which…whichD. that…which
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：一定是迈克在会上拒绝多谈这件事的原因引起了侦探的怀疑。第一个空分析句子可知，Mike refused t say mre abut it fr at the meeting是一个定语从句，先行词为 the reasn，定语从句中fr缺少宾语，因此引导词用which；第二个空由It must be the reasn可知此处是强调句，被强调部分是the reasn，因此要用连接词that。故选A项。
3. The exciting mment ________ Gerry will always remember is ________ he appraches the Harbr Bridge and the Opera Huse.
A. that; thatB. that; when
C. when; thatD. when; when
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：格里永总是记得的激动人心的时刻是当他接近海港大桥和歌剧院的时候。第一空引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词mment，指物，关系词在从句中作remember的宾语，所以用关系代词that引导；第二空引导表语从句，从句缺少时间状语，表示“……的时刻”，所以用when引导，故选B项。
4. —I can’t find Mr. Smith. Where did yu meet him this mrning?
—It was in his ffice ____ he wrked.
A. whereB. whichC. thatD. the ne
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——我无法找到史密斯先生，今天早上你在哪里见过他？——在他工作的办公室里。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为his ffice，从句中缺少地点状语，故A项正确。
5. The thery he sticks t _______ t be f n use in his new wrk ______ he finds it hard t fit in.
A. is prved; whereB. prves; with which
C. prving; t whichD. prve; hw
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和定语从句。句意：他坚持的理论，在他的新工作中证明是毫无用处的，他发现很难适应他的新工作。he sticks t是一个定语从句，修饰先行词The thery。prve用作联系动词时，含义是“被证明是”，一般来说，联系动词本身含有被动含义，所以不再用于被动语态。在一般现在时中，主语The thery是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数；______ he finds it hard t fit in.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词new wrk，fit in with适应，该短语是固定短语，介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which，故选B。
6. The pliceman analyses the chief reasns ________ sme cyclists and pedestrians will get caught in traffic accidents and ________they shuld d t prevent them.
A. when; thatB. why; hw
C. why; whatD. that; where
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句和宾语从句。句意：警察分析了骑自行车和步行的人陷入交通事故的主要原因以及他们应该做什么来预防。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，第一空为定语从句，先行词为reasns，从句中缺少原因状语，用why；第二空为宾语从句，连接词在从句中作d的宾语，表达“做什么”，用what。故C项正确。
7. Sustainable develpment is all abut creating better health care, educatin, husing and imprved standard f living fr everyne, which is a simple idea, is hard t put int practice.
A. neB. the neC. ne thatD. that
【答案】C
【解析】考查同位语从句和定语从句。句意：可持续发展就是要为每个人创造更好的医疗、教育和住房，提高生活质量，这是一个简单的想法，但很难付诸实践。分析句子结构可知，ne作a simple idea的同位语，而ne后是由that引导的定语从句，that指代先行词ne在定语从句中作主语。故选C。
8. It is a different wrld but ne ______ ffers huge challenges t ambitius yung peple interested in ______ ur universe wrks.
A. which; whatB. which; whyC. that; hwD. that; that
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句和宾语从句。句意：这是一个不同的世界，但对我们的宇宙如何运作感兴趣的有志青年来说，这是一个巨大的挑战，分析句子结构可知，第一空为定语从句，先行词为ne，应该用that来引导并在从句中作主语，第二空为宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，应该用hw表示“如何”，故C项正确。
9. Frankly speaking, such efficient strategies were applied in English learning practice _______ every student culd benefit frm in life.
A. whenB. thatC. asD. where
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：坦白地讲，使每一位学生都能在生活中受益的有效策略，在英语学习实践中得以应用。该题考查such…as引导的定语从句，as every student culd benefit frm in life做定语从句修饰such efficient strategies，as做定语从句中benefit frm的宾语，故选C项。
10. The last thirty years _____ the greatest number f laws stpping ur rights and prgress. Until tday we have reached a stage _____ we have almst n rights at all.
A. saw; whichB. see; where
C. are seeing; in whichD. have seen; where
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和定语从句。句意：在过去的三十年里，我们看到了大量的法律阻止了我们的权利和进步。直到今天，我们已经达到了一个几乎没有任何权利的阶段。第一空表示过去的三十年见证了大量的法律阻止我们的权利和进步，应用现在完成时，故排除B、C；第二空为定语从句修饰先行词stage，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。故选D。
11. Sweet memries ______ as I lked at the pictures _____were taken at the beach last summer.
A. tk ut; whichB. crwded in; whichC. ended up; thatD. drpped by; that
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析和定语从句。句意：当我看着去年暑假在海滩上拍的照片的时候，那些美好的回忆就会涌上心头。A. take ut取出，拿出；B. crwd in挤入、涌进；C. ended up结束、告终 ；D. drpped by顺便拜访。根据“Sweet memries”可知第一空表示“涌入”；第二空的which指代先行词the pictures在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that，故选B。
12. Finding that Big Jim was always daydreaming when wrking, the manager was surprised that the absent-minded wrker _____.
A. shuld have been firedB. shuld be fired
C. shuld nt have been firedD. shuld nt be fired
【答案】C
【解析】考查shuld(nt) have dne用法。句意：经理发现大个子吉姆在工作时总是做白日梦，他对这个心不在焉的工人竟然还没被解雇感到惊讶。根据was surprised 可知此处说过去的事情，用情态动词+完成时，shuld nt have dne sth. 意为“竟然还没被…”。故选C。
13. There is a new prblem invlved in the ppularity f private cars________rad cnditins need________.
A. that；t be imprvedB. which；t be imprved
C. where；imprvingD. when；imprving
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句和非谓语动词。句意：私家车的普及带来了一个新问题，即道路状况需要改善。因为“公路状况需要改善”，“need”后接“imprving”或“t be imprved”都可以。后面的从句应是“prblem”的同位语，应用“that”引导。故选A。
14. I dare ________ that withut yur help, we ________ s much prgress in ur wrk.
A. say; can’t makeB. t say; culdn’t make
C. say; culdn’t have madeD. t say; shuldn’t have made
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定短语和虚拟语气。句意：我相信，没有你的帮助，我们的工作不可能取得这么大的进展。固定短语dare (t) d sth.意为“敢做某事”，第一空say和t say的形式都可以；根据“withut yur help”可知，从句是与过去事实相反的假设，需用虚拟语气，可排除A和B项，再结合“s much prgress”可推知，此处表示“不可能”取得这么大的进展，应用culdn’t have dne的形式，shuldn’t have dne表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”。故选C。
15. —Happy birthday!
—Thank yu! It’s the best present I ________ fr.
A. shuld have wishedB. must have wished
C. may have wishedD. culd have wished
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——生日快乐！——谢谢！这是我能够希望得到的最好的礼物。A. shuld have wished本应该希望（但没有希望）；B. must have wished一定希望过，表示推测；C. may have wished可能希望过，表示推测；D. culd have wished（过去）能够希望，表示能力。根据语境可知，对方送上生日礼物，此处表示对礼物的赞美，表达这个礼物是自己能够希望得到的最好的礼物，侧重一种能力。故选D。
16. Whatever ________ n her mind, she ________ a message and went straight away
A. culd be; must have leftB. might have been; shuldn’t have left
C. must have been; culd have leftD. shuld be; culdn’t have left
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：不管她在想什么，她都不应该留个口信就直接走了。分析句子结构可知，本句是虚拟语气，主句带有责备，用shuldn’t have dne则表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”；whatever引导让步状语从句，从句中表示对过去情况不太肯定的推测，用might+have dne。故选B项。
17. gd use yu have made f yur time t study, there is still rm fr imprvement.
A. WhateverB. HweverC. ThughD. Whether
【答案】A
【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你多么好地利用你的时间去学习，仍然有进步的空间。A. Whatever无论什么；B. Hwever 然而； C. Thugh尽管；D. Whether是否。make use f为固定短语，意为“利用”，make gd use f在use前加上gd，意为好好利用，且将gd use提前。结合句意，此处需要一个表示无论多么且表让步的引导词，且连接空后的名词use。综合四个选项，Whatever符合题意。故选A项。
18. _________ with heavy lads f teaching _________ he later became an easy target f the flu．
A. S tired was the teacher； thatB. The teacher was s tired； which
C. Tired as the teacher； thatD. Such was the tired teacher； which
【答案】A
【解析】考查s…that句型与倒装。句意：教学任务不堪重负，这位老师很快就成了流感的目标。在s…that句型中，当s+形容词位于句首时，要进行部分倒装，故A项正确。
19. Adults, ____ verly cncerned with fame and frtune, smetimes fail t see the jy in simple things ____ children d nt.
A. unless; butB. when; where
C. althugh; andD. even if; unless
【答案】B
【解析】考查状语从句和定语从句。句意：成年人过分关注名利时，有时看不到简单事物中的快乐，而孩子们却能看到其中的快乐。第一空引导时间状语从句，省略了主语和be动词，表示“当……时候”应用when；第二空引导定语从句，从句完整句子为children d nt fail t see the jy，从句缺状语，修饰先行词simple things，指代抽象概念的事物，应用关系副词where。故选B。
20. _______is knwn t us all is that Jhnsn brke his prmise ______ he wuld cme t help me as sn as pssible.
A. It; thatB. What; that
C. As; whichD. What; which
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我们都知道，Jhnsn违背了他会尽快来帮助我的诺言。分析句子结构可知，第一空为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以用what，第二空为同位语从句，从句结构完整，所以用that解释prmise的内容，故B项正确。
第二部分：阅读(共两节，每小题2分，满分40分)
第一节阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。
A
Ways t save mney at the cinema
There’s nthing quite like seeing a new film n the big screen! Here’s hw t make a few savings at the cinema.
Get tw tickets fr the price f ne
Buy an insurance (保险) plicy frm Cmpare the Market and yu’ll get free access t Meerkat Mvies, which ffers tw fr the price f ne n tickets every Tuesday r Wednesday. Frtunately, there’s a chance t get this fr arund £1. All yu need t d is buy a single day UK travel insurance!
Get sme free tickets
The Club Llyds current accunt ffers six free tickets t use at Oden r Vue and yu’ll get these within a mnth f pening the accunt. Yu’ll need t add £2,000 t the accunt t cancel ut a £3 mnthly charge, but that mney desn’t need t be in ne g r stay there — yu can draw it straight back ut.
Buy special ffer tickets
Frm time t time there are deals running that ffer cut price tickets. Sites like Grupn ften sell bundles (套票) fr the likes f Oden and Vue that wrk ut arund £4 r £5 each. Other deals include Natinal Cinema Day (usually in September) when all tickets are £3.
21. Why are yu advised t buy an insurance plicy frm Cmpare the Market?
A. T see new films fr free.B. T travel UK fr a single day.
C. T access Meerkat Mvies regularly.D. T make a few savings at the cinema.
22. What is the advantage f adding £2,000 t the Club Llyds accunt?
A. Yu can avid a £3 mnthly charge.
B. Yu can get free tickets every mnth.
C. Yu can have mre free cinema tickets.
D. Yu can get tickets in a cnvenient way.
23. Hw much d yu pay fr buying 3 cut price tickets n Natinal Cinema Day?
A. £3.B. £9.C. £12.D. £15.
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几种在电影院节省开支的方法。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Get tw tickets fr the price f ne部分中“Buy an insurance (保险) plicy frm Cmpare the Market and yu’ll get free access t Meerkat Mvies, which ffers tw fr the price f ne n tickets every Tuesday r Wednesday. (在Cmpare the Market上买一份保险，你就可以免费观看Meerkat Mvies，每周二或周三的电影票都有买一送一的优惠。)”可知，购买Cmpare the Market的保险政策可以免费获得Meerkat Mvies的访问权限，该服务每周二或周三提供买一赠一的电影票优惠，从而在电影院节省开支。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Get sme free tickets部分中“Yu’ll need t add £2,000 t the accunt t cancel ut a £3 mnthly charge, but that mney desn’t need t be in ne g r stay there—yu can draw it straight back ut.(你需要在账户里存入2000英镑，以抵消每月3英镑的费用，但这笔钱不需要一次性存入，也不需要留在那里——你可以直接取出来。)”可知，向Club Llyds账户添加2000英镑可以抵消每月3英镑的费用，但这笔钱不需要一次性存入或保留在账户中，可以立即取出。即你可以避免每月3英镑的费用。故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Buy special ffer tickets部分中“Other deals include Natinal Cinema Day (usually in September) when all tickets are £3.(其他优惠还包括全国电影日(通常在9月)，所有票价为3英镑。)”可知，在全国电影日购买电影票，所有票价为3英镑，3张电影票为9英镑。故选B。
B
When Clleen Telfer mved t Mnash with her tw daughters, nne f them expected just hw much it wuld change their lives.
It started with buying the small twn’s general stre and ended with the Telfers vlunteering tgether at a Suth Australian fire brigade (消防队).
In the first tw years f the stre, she wuld see the Mnash Cuntry Fire Service (CFS) engines fly past, lcated just acrss the rad. Whether they were getting int the trucks at a mment’s ntice r cming int her shp fr a feed, she gt t knw the brigade and decided t jin them.
Her desire t give back was shared by her 20-year-ld daughter, Lara. “When the siren (警报器) wuld g ff, I used t hate missing ut,” Lara said. The pair jined in February last year, and abut a year later they were jined by Clleen’s yungest daughter, 18-year-ld Sphie.
As a senir vlunteer firefighter, Clleen’s respnsibilities have grwn t include driving the brigade’s trucks. “I knw it is ften male-dminated, but dn’t lk at it like that. Females are just as gd as males in any rle,” Clleen said.
In Nvember 2021, Gergie Crnish became the first wman t be appinted chief fficer fr the CFS. Ms. Crnish said there were still miscnceptins that wmen might find it hard t d sme jbs. “Wmen are smetimes better suited t sme f thse rles,” she said. “It’s very easy fr us t assume that strength is everything we need in a firefighter. It’s nt. Smetimes it’s agility and nimbleness (敏捷性和灵活性) that we actually need in the jbs we’re ging t.”
Being part f smething greater has strengthened the Telfers’ mther-daughter cnnectins in mre ways than ne. “As a mther, yu d wrry abut yur children, but we’re nt there by urselves,” Clleen said. “We’ve always gt ther firefighters arund wh can help us.”
24. What did Clleen decide t d after mving t Mnash?
A. Sell ff her lcal stre.B. Becme a truck driver.
C. Jin CFS as a vlunteer.D. Set up a vlunteer fire brigade.
25. What is Lara’s attitude tward Clleen’s decisin?
A. Supprtive.B. Dubtful.
C. Uninterested.D. Thankful.
26. Which statement wuld Crnish agree with?
A. Wmen are mre likely t get hurt in fires.
B. Wmen are less interested in physical wrk.
C. Wmen are well aware f ther peple’s feelings.
D. Wmen are capable f perfrming firefighting duties.
27. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Celebrate wmen’s cntributins t fire safety
B. Meet the family fighting fires and miscnceptins
C. The real challenge f being a prfessinal firefighter
D. The cntinuing rise f female leadership in firefighting
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B
【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了科琳·特尔弗尔和她的女儿一起在南澳大利亚消防队做志愿者的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Whether they were getting int the trucks at a mment’s ntice r cming int her shp fr a feed, she gt t knw the brigade and decided t jin them. (不管他们是在接到通知后马上上车，还是到她的店里来吃饭，她都了解了这个大队，并决定加入他们。)”可知，搬到门萨什后，科琳决定加入CFS做志愿者。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Her desire t give back was shared by her 20-year-ld daughter, Lara. ‘When the siren (警报器) wuld g ff, I used t hate missing ut,’ Lara said. (她20岁的女儿劳拉(Lara)也想回馈社会。“当警笛响起的时候，我讨厌错过，”劳拉说。)”可知，Lara对科琳的态度是支持的。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Ms. Crnish said there were still miscnceptins that wmen might find it hard t d sme jbs. (科尼什说，仍然存在一些误解，认为女性可能很难从事某些工作。)”可知，科尼什认为女性有能力执行消防任务。故选D。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Whether they were getting int the trucks at a mment’s ntice r cming int her shp fr a feed, she gt t knw the brigade and decided t jin them. (不管他们是在接到通知后马上上车，还是到她的店里来吃饭，她都了解了这个大队，并决定加入他们。)”以及最后一段“Being part f smething greater has strengthened the Telfers’ mther-daughter cnnectins in mre ways than ne. ‘As a mther, yu d wrry abut yur children, but we’re nt there by urselves,’ Clleen said. ‘We’ve always gt ther firefighters arund wh can help us.’ (成为更伟大事业的一部分，在多个方面加强了特尔弗母女之间的联系。科琳说:“作为一个母亲，你确实担心你的孩子，但我们不是独自一人。我们身边总是有其他消防员可以帮助我们。”)”可知，本文主要讲述了科琳和她的两个女儿一起在南澳大利亚消防队做志愿者的故事。故选B。
C
Yu are what yu eat-and what yu eat may be encded in yur DNA. Studies have indicated that yur genes play a rle in determining the fds yu find delicius r disgusting. But exactly hw big a rle they play has been difficult t figure ut. “Everything has a genetic cmpnent even if it’s small,” says Janne Cle, a geneticist at the University f Clrad Schl f Medicine. “We knw that there is sme genetic cntributin t why we eat the fds we eat. Can we take the next step and actually lcate the regins in the genme (基因)?”
New research led by Cle has gtten a step clser. Thrugh a large-scale genmics analysis, her team has identified 481 genme regins that were directly linked t dietary patterns and fd preferences. The findings, which have nt yet been peer-reviewed, were presented last mnth at the American Sciety fr Nutritin’s annual cnference.
The team based the new study n a 2020 Nature Cmmunicatins study by Cle and her clleagues that used data frm the U.K. Bibank, a public database f the genetic and health infrmatin f 500,000 participants. By scanning genmes, the new analysis was able t identify 194 regins assciated with dietary patterns and 287 linked t specific fds such as fruit, cheese, fish, tea and alchl. Further understanding hw genetics impact hw we eat culd reveal differences in nutritinal needs r disease risks.
“One f the prblems with a lt f these genmics studies is that they’re very small. They dn’t have enugh peple t really be able t identify genes in ways that are credible. This study had a huge grup f peple, s it’s really pwerful.” says Mnica Dus, a geneticist at the University f Michigan. “The ther thing that I thught was really great is that there are s many different features that they’re measuring related t diet including chlesterl (胆固醇), the bdy and sciecnmic backgrunds.” As the research advances, Dus says, such genme analysis culd ptentially assist health care prviders and even plicymakers t address larger issues that affect fd access and health.
It’s definitely true that it may cntribute t making sure there aren’t fd deserts-areas which have limited access t fresh, healthy and affrdable fd r t making sure that there’s a higher minimum wage s that everyne can affrd t eat, althugh the jurney ahead remains lengthy and challenging.
28. Hw did researchers cnduct the present study?
A. By invlving a substantial number f participants.
B. By directly analyzing the data frm a public database.
C. By building n a previus study based n large-scale data.
D. By identifying genme regins assciated with dietary patterns.
29. Which statement will Mnica Dus prbably agree with?
A. Pwerful participants were invlved in the current study.
B. The methds emplyed fr the previus studies were credible.
C. The genme analyses have helped address larger scial issues.
D. Varius features linked t diet were cnsidered in the present study.
30. What is the text mainly abut?
A. The benefits f latest large-scale diet-related genme analyses.
B. The cntributin f genes t diet patters and fd preferences.
C. The significance f a newly published diet-related genme discvery.
D. The intrductin f a research n identifying diet-related genme regins.
31. Which ne might the passage cme frm?
A. Natinal GegraphicB. Sprts Illustrated fr kids
C. Scientific AmericanD. The Wall Street Jurnal
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. D 31. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于食物偏好与基因关系的研究。研究人员通过大规模基因组分析，确定了481个与饮食模式和食物偏好直接相关的基因组区域。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The team based the new study n a 2020 Nature Cmmunicatins study by Cle and her clleagues that used data frm the U.K. Bibank, a public database f the genetic and health infrmatin f 500,000 participants. (该团队的新研究基于科尔及其同事在2020年《自然通讯》(Nature Cmmunicatins)上发表的一项研究，该研究使用了英国生物银行(U.K. Bibank)的数据，这是一个包含50万参与者遗传和健康信息的公共数据库)”可知，当前的研究是建立在先前一项基于大规模数据的研究之上的。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中Mnica Dus所说的“The ther thing that I thught was really great is that there are s many different features that they’re measuring related t diet including chlesterl (胆固醇), the bdy and sciecnmic backgrunds.(另一件我认为非常棒的事情是他们测量了很多与饮食相关的不同特征，包括胆固醇，身体和社会经济背景)”可知，Mnica Dus认为该研究考虑了与饮食相关的各种特征。故选D。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段“New research led by Cle has gtten a step clser. Thrugh a large-scale genmics analysis, her team has identified 481 genme regins that were directly linked t dietary patterns and fd preferences. The findings, which have nt yet been peer-reviewed, were presented last mnth at the American Sciety fr Nutritin’s annual cnference.(科尔领导的一项新研究离这个目标又近了一步。通过大规模的基因组分析，她的团队已经确定了481个基因组区域，这些区域与饮食模式和食物偏好直接相关。这些尚未经过同行评议的研究结果在上个月的美国营养学会年会上发表)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项确定饮食相关基因组区域的研究。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“We knw that there is sme genetic cntributin t why we eat the fds we eat. Can we take the next step and actually lcate the regins in the genme (基因)?(我们知道我们为什么吃我们吃的食物有一些遗传因素。我们能更进一步，定位基因组中的区域吗?)”和第二段中“New research led by Cle has gtten a step clser. Thrugh a large-scale genmics analysis, her team has identified 481 genme regins that were directly linked t dietary patterns and fd preferences. The findings, which have nt yet been peer-reviewed, were presented last mnth at the American Sciety fr Nutritin’s annual cnference.(科尔领导的一项新研究离这个目标又近了一步。通过大规模的基因组分析，她的团队已经确定了481个基因组区域，这些区域与饮食模式和食物偏好直接相关。这些尚未经过同行评议的研究结果在上个月的美国营养学会年会上发表)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项确定饮食相关基因组区域的研究，该研究确定了与饮食模式和食物偏好直接相关的481个基因组区域。文章与科学研究相关，所以可能出自杂志《科学美国人》。故选C。
D
Fr the arts “t mean mre, t mre peple,” as Arts Cuncil England (ACE) argues that they shuld, wuld be excellent. Music, drama, dance, visual arts, petry and literature are amng the mst precius human achievements. T live in a cuntry in which these are mre widely shared and enjyed wuld be prf that we are making prgress. The pint is nt t entertain r educate peple, r bring cmmunities tgether. Nr is it all abut bsting jbs and investment. Imaginatin has intrinsic (内在的) value, and research carried ut by ACE in the curse f preparing its 10-year strategy shwed that peple frm all walks f life value and get pleasure frm cultural activities.
Psitining itself as a develpment agency, ACE will nw hpe t win gvernment backing fr a change f directin that rients it away frm the biggest and mst prestigius natinal institutins and twards the twns, villages and grassrts rganizatins that shuld be similarly deserving f attentin. There, it envisins a rle fr itself “building the identity and prsperity f places,” bringing prfessinal artists tgether with vluntary grups, particular in areas that have previusly nt been well represented n the cultural map.
ACE’s chair, Sir Nichlas Serta, qutes the first wrld war centenary (百年纪念) prject devised by the artist, Jeremy Deller, and theatre directr, Rufus Nrris, as the mdel f what he wants his rganizatin t be abut. By dressing up vlunteers as sldiers, and rchestrating their encunters with members f the public in settings acrss England, the artists succeeded in “disslving the barriers between artists and audiences.”
The emphasis n participatin — n culture as smething that mre peple shuld actually d — is newer. This is the difference between being in a play r a band and buying tickets t watch them, and fr ACE t play a mre active rle in prmting the frmer wuld be beneficial. This begins in childhd, and ACE clearly hpes that the gvernment will think again abut plicies that have seen music, drama and ther arts subjects systematically dwngraded in favur f science, technlgy and maths.
T what extent the visin is realized will depend in part n whether ACE’s ambitins catch the gvernment’s interest sufficiently t influence the upcming spending review, and prvide a cunterweight t the scrn (轻视) that is regularly pured n the humanities. Arund £400m has been cut frm lcal gvernment arts budgets since 2010, and ACE cannt plug this gap. The clsure f yuth clubs and live music venues, and grwing financial pressures linked t the prperty market, are amng ther reasns fr this wrrisme narrwing f pprtunities. S far Bris Jhnsn has ffered few signs that he has in mind a starring rle fr the arts in pst-Brexit Britain, althugh 2022’s Festival f Brexit is ne such event. ACE’s plan shuld bst the prfile f all thse, in gvernment and utside, wh are arguing fr mre.
32. The purpse f making arts available t mre peple is t __________.
A. enlighten peple frm all walks f life
B. cnslidate varius cmmunities
C. create jb pprtunities fr artists
D. maximize the natural value f art
33. Accrding t the passage, ACE is mst likely t prmte the arts f ___________.
A. natinal institutins
B. cmmercial centers
C. lcal gvernments
D. twns and villages
34. Which f the fllwing statements wuld Sir Nichlas Serta mst prbably agree with?
A. Audiences with little educatin can als gain pleasure frm cultural activities.
B. Artists and audiences can create and enjy the arts tgether withut barriers.
C. The sldiers and vlunteers shuld vividly shw scenes abut the First Wrld War.
D. Science, technlgy and maths are mre imprtant than humanities and arts nwadays.
35. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Fr the arts t get revitalized mre extensive effrts are needed.
B. The current British gvernment has dne enugh t prmte arts.
C. ACE shuld narrw the financial gap left by the lcal gvernment.
D. Many perfrming venues have clsed due t the rising prperty market.
【答案】32. D 33. D 34. B 35. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章论述了ACE希望艺术面向更多人，以及ACE为推动艺术发展所做的努力。ACE主席希望艺术能够消除艺术家和观众之间的障碍，让更多人参与其中，ACE还希望政府能够重视艺术，为艺术发展提供支持。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Fr the arts “t mean mre, t mre peple,” as Arts Cuncil England (ACE) argues that they shuld, wuld be excellent. Music, drama, dance, visual arts, petry and literature are amng the mst precius human achievements. T live in a cuntry in which these are mre widely shared and enjyed wuld be prf that we are making prgress.”（正如英格兰艺术委员会(ACE)所主张的那样，艺术“对更多人意味着更多”是非常好的。音乐、戏剧、舞蹈、视觉艺术、诗歌和文学是人类最宝贵的成就之一。生活在一个这些艺术被更广泛分享和享受的国家将证明我们正在取得进步。）可知，ACE认为让更多人接触到艺术是非常好的，因为艺术是人类最宝贵的成就之一，生活在一个艺术被广泛分享和享受的国家，证明了这个国家正在取得进步。由此可知，让更多人接触到艺术的目的是最大化艺术的自然价值。故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Psitining itself as a develpment agency, ACE will nw hpe t win gvernment backing fr a change f directin that rients it away frm the biggest and mst prestigius natinal institutins and twards the twns, villages and grassrts rganizatins that shuld be similarly deserving f attentin.”（作为一个发展机构，ACE现在希望赢得政府的支持，以改变其方向，使其远离最大和最负盛名的国家机构，转向同样值得关注的城镇、村庄和基层组织。）可知，ACE希望将艺术推广到城镇、村庄和基层组织。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“ACE’s chair, Sir Nichlas Serta, qutes the first wrld war centenary (百年纪念) prject devised by the artist, Jeremy Deller, and theatre directr, Rufus Nrris, as the mdel f what he wants his rganizatin t be abut. By dressing up vlunteers as sldiers, and rchestrating their encunters with members f the public in settings acrss England, the artists succeeded in “disslving the barriers between artists and audiences.”（ACE主席Nichlas Serta爵士引用艺术家 Jeremy Deller 和戏剧导演 Rufus Nrris设计的第一次世界大战百年纪念项目，作为他希望自己组织成为什么样的榜样。通过让志愿者装扮成士兵，并在英格兰各地的环境中安排他们与公众的相遇，艺术家们成功地“消除了艺术家和观众之间的障碍。”）可知，ACE主席Nichlas Serta爵士希望ACE能够像第一次世界大战百年纪念项目一样，消除艺术家和观众之间的障碍，让艺术家和观众能够一起创造和享受艺术。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“T what extent the visin is realized will depend in part n whether ACE’s ambitins catch the gvernment’s interest sufficiently t influence the upcming spending review, and prvide a cunterweight t the scrn (轻视) that is regularly pured n the humanities.”（这一愿景在多大程度上得以实现，将在一定程度上取决于ACE的雄心是否足以引起政府的兴趣，从而影响即将到来的支出审查，并制衡人们对人文学科的蔑视）以及“S far Bris Jhnsn has ffered few signs that he has in mind a starring rle fr the arts in pst-Brexit Britain, althugh 2022’s Festival f Brexit is ne such event. ACE’s plan shuld bst the prfile f all thse, in gvernment and utside, wh are arguing fr mre.”（到目前为止，Bris Jhnsn几乎没有迹象表明他打算在英国脱欧后的英国扮演主角，尽管2022年的英国脱欧节是这样一个事件。ACE 的计划应该会提高政府内外所有主张更多的人的形象。）可知，ACE 的计划能否实现，部分取决于ACE的雄心是否能引起政府的兴趣，从而影响即将到来的支出审查，并为经常被轻视的人文学科提供一个平衡。ACE的计划应该会提高政府内外所有主张更多的人的形象。由此可知，要使艺术得到振兴，需要更广泛的努力。故选A。
第二节七选五(每小题2分，满分10分，涂卡时选E 涂 AB, 选 F 涂 BC, 选 G 涂 CD)
When it cmes t ging green, intentin can be easier than actin. Case in pint: yu decide t buy a T-shirt made frm 100% rganic (有机的) cttn, because everyne knws that rganic is better fr Earth. And in sme way it is; in cnventinal cttn-farming, pesticides (杀虫剂) strip the sil f life. But that green label desn’t tell the whle stry. Or the pssibility that the T-shirt may have been dyed (染色) using harsh industrial chemicals, which can pllute lcal grundwater. ___36___
It’s a questin that mst f us are ill equipped t answer, even as the debate ver what is and isn’t green becmes all-imprtant in a ht and crwded wrld. ___37___ We evlved t respnd t threats that were clear and present. That’s why, when we eat spiled fd, we get disgusted and when we see a bright light, we shut ur eyes. ___38___ Scanning the supermarket aisles, we lack the data t understand the full impact f what we chse — and prbably culdn’t make sense f the infrmatin even if we had it.
But what if we culd seamlessly calculate the full lifetime effect f ur actins n the earth and n ur bdies? What if we culd think eclgically? That’s what psychlgist Daniel Gleman describes in his frthcming bk, Eclgical Intelligence. Using a yung science called industrial eclgy, businesses and green activists alike are beginning t cmpile the envirnmental and bilgical impact f ur every decisin — and delivering that infrmatin t cnsumers in a user-friendly way. ___39___ “We can knw the causes f what we’re ding, and we can knw the impact f what we’re ding,” says Gleman.
___40___ It’s als abut ur ability t accept that we live in an infinitely cnnected wrld with finite resurces. Glem an highlights the Tibetan cmmunity f Sher, where fr millenniums, villagers have survived harsh cnditins by carefully cnserving every resurce available t them. The Tibetans think eclgically because they have n ther chice. Neither d we. “We nce had the luxury t ignre ur impacts,” says Gleman. “Nt anymre.”
A. If yu knew all that, wuld yu still cnsider the T-shirt green?
B. That’s thinking eclgically — understanding the glbal envirnmental cnsequences f ur chices.
C. It’s ging t have a radical impact n the way we d business.
D. Eclgical intelligence is ultimately abut mre than what we buy.
E. Nt just carbn ftprints but scial and bilgical ftprints as well?
F. But nthing in evlutin has prepared us t understand the accumulative impact industrial chemicals may have n us.
G. That’s because ur ability t make cmplex prducts with cmplex supply chains has utpaced ur ability t cmprehend the cnsequences.
【答案】36. A 37. G 38. F 39. B 40. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，本文探讨了环保意识与实际行动之间的差距，指出虽然人们希望通过购买有机棉制品等行为来保护环境，但实际上，这些行为可能伴随其他环境问题，如染料污染等。由于我们缺乏全面了解产品全生命周期影响的能力，决策常常困难。心理学家丹尼尔·戈尔曼在其新书《生态智能》中提出，通过工业生态学，消费者可以获取产品的环境和生物影响信息，从而做出更明智的选择。
【36题详解】
上文“And in sme way it is; in cnventinal cttn-farming, pesticides (杀虫剂) strip the sil f life. But that green label desn’t tell the whle stry. Or the pssibility that the T-shirt may have been dyed (染色) using harsh industrial chemicals, which can pllute lcal grundwater.(在某种程度上，确实如此；在传统的棉花种植中，农药夺走了土壤中的生命。但绿色标签并不能说明一切。或者T恤可能是用刺激性的工业化学品染色的，这会污染当地的地下水)”提到绿色环保T恤也可能暗藏着污染。A项“If yu knew all that, wuld yu still cnsider the T-shirt green?(如果你知道这一切，你还会认为这件T恤是绿色环保的吗?)”承接上文，用问题提出这一事实引发的思考，同时与第二段首句“It’s a questin that mst f us are ill equipped t answer(这是一个我们大多数人都没有能力回答的问题)”中“questin”相照应。故选A项。
【37题详解】
上文“It’s a questin that mst f us are ill equipped t answer, even as the debate ver what is and isn’t green becmes all-imprtant in a ht and crwded wrld.(在一个炎热拥挤的世界里，即使关于什么是绿色的争论变得非常重要，这也是一个我们大多数人都没有能力回答的问题)”指出我们无法回答什么是绿色环保这一问题，G项“That’s because ur ability t make cmplex prducts with cmplex supply chains has utpaced ur ability t cmprehend the cnsequences.(这是因为我们用复杂的供应链制造复杂产品的能力已经超过了我们理解后果的能力)”解释了原因：复杂的供应链制造的复杂产品超出了我们的理解能力，上下文构成因果关系。故选G项。
【38题详解】
上文“We evlved t respnd t threats that were clear and present. That’s why, when we eat spiled fd, we get disgusted and when we see a bright light, we shut ur eyes.(我们进化到能够对明确而现实的威胁做出反应。这就是为什么，当我们吃变质的食物时，我们会感到厌恶，当我们看到明亮的光线时，我们会闭上眼睛)”说明进化让人类具有对危险做出本能反应的能力，F项“But nthing in evlutin has prepared us t understand the accumulative impact industrial chemicals may have n us.(但在进化过程中，我们还没有准备好去理解工业化学品可能对我们产生的累积影响)”与上文构成转折关系，进一步说明进化并没有让我们拥有应对工业化学品的能力，句中“nthing in evlutin”与上文“We evlved t”相照应。故选F项。
【39题详解】
上文“That’s what psychlgist Daniel Gleman describes in his frthcming bk, Eclgical Intelligence. Using a yung science called industrial eclgy, businesses and green activists alike are beginning t cmpile the envirnmental and bilgical impact f ur every decisin — and delivering that infrmatin t cnsumers in a user-friendly way.(这就是心理学家丹尼尔·戈尔曼在他即将出版的新书《生态智能》中所描述的。利用一门叫做工业生态学的新兴科学，企业和绿色活动人士都开始汇编我们每一个决定对环境和生物的影响，并以一种友好的方式将这些信息传递给消费者)”提出工业生态学这一理念，B项“That’s thinking eclgically — understanding the glbal envirnmental cnsequences f ur chices.(那就是从生态角度思考——理解我们的选择对全球环境造成的后果)”承接上文，进一步说明这一理念的意义，同时照应下文“We can knw the causes f what we’re ding, and we can knw the impact f what we’re ding(我们可以知道我们所做的事情的原因，我们可以知道我们所做的事情的影响)”中“knw the impact”这一说法，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
【40题详解】
根据下文“It’s als abut ur ability t accept that we live in an infinitely cnnected wrld with finite resurces.(这也关系到我们是否有能力接受我们生活在一个资源有限、联系无限的世界里)”中副词“als”可推知，上下文是并列关系。D项“Eclgical intelligence is ultimately abut mre than what we buy.(生态智能最终不仅仅是关于我们买什么)”中“mre than”与下文“als”相照应，两个句子介绍了生态智能的意义。故选D项。
第三部分：完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
In the summer f 2018, I decided t d a sl expeditin (独自探险) acrss Antarctica. T get sme ____41____, I did a tw-week training curse. I learned all the ____42____: hw t camp in the snw, hw t pull a sled and what clthing t wear. In Octber, I flew t Antarctica frm Punta Arenas. I’d allwed 70 days, which wuld make it the lngest ____43____ ne-way expeditin acrss Antarctica
I nly tk ____44____. I didn’t even take a hairbrush. The first few days were ____45____. The winds were abut 60 mph, and my sled weighed 120 kg. Even if the visibility is gd, yu can’t ____46____ much — it’s a white hrizn. I was n the mve fr 13 t 15 hurs a day.
Then, I fund the cnditins t be much wrse. There was mre sastrugi (雪脊) and it felt clder. The last 40 hurs were really hard. I ____47____ abut 14 times every tw hurs. As a result, I fell behind ____48____. In the end, I ____49____ 922 miles and fell mre than 100 miles shrt f my gal. Twards the end f my trip, a helicpter flew t pick me up. The ____50____ I felt when I saw the dt in the distance was unbelievable.
It tk me a while t be ____51____ f what I’d achieved, because I had failed t reach my ____52____ gal, but I’ve learned it’s ____53____t mve the galpsts. I dn’t agree with the idea f cnquering (征服) smewhere. Yu treat places with ____54____ and hpe they’ll allw yu ____55____ passage.
41. A. dnatinB. experienceC. attentinD. rescue
42. A. basicsB. risksC. benefitsD. aids
43. A. cperativeB. rmanticC. unsupprtedD. abnrmal
44. A. cmpaninsB. necessitiesC. cashesD. credits
45. A. pleasantB. calmC. tughD. lucky
46. A. talkB. hearC. feelD. see
47. A. fell verB. drpped utC. lked awayD. put up
48. A. fundraisingB. supplyC. scheduleD. hmewrk
49. A. measuredB. designedC. searchedD. cvered
50. A. burdenB. reliefC. painD. anxiety
51. A. prudB. skepticalC. shyD. ashamed
52. A. insignificantB. unbearableC. disturbingD. initial
53. A. regrettableB. unnecessaryC. acceptableD. inapprpriate
54. A. respectB. curageC. carelessnessD. cldness
55. A. narrwB. safeC. limitedD. challenging
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. D 53. C 54. A 55. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者2018年穿越南极洲的单人探险，一路上遇到了很多困难，虽然最后没有达到最初的目标，但作者还是为自己感到骄傲。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了获得一些经验，我参加了一个为期两周的培训课程。A. dnatin捐赠；B. experience经历；C. attentin注意力；D. rescue救援。根据后文“I did a tw-week training curse”可知，参加培训课程是为了获得经验。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学会了所有的基本知识：如何在雪地里露营，如何拉雪橇以及穿什么衣服。A. basics基础；B. risks风险；C. benefits利益；D. aids帮助。后文“hw t camp in the snw, hw t pull a sled and what clthing t wear”是作者学到的基本知识。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我安排了70天的时间，这将使它成为穿越南极洲最长的无支持的单程探险A. cperative合作的；B. rmantic浪漫的；C. unsupprted无支持的；D. abnrmal反常的。呼应上文“d a sl expeditin”作者是独自去的，所以无支持。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只带了必需品。A. cmpanins同伴；B. necessities必需品；C. cashes现金；D. credits信用。根据后文“I didn’t even take a hairbrush.(我甚至都没带梳子)”可知，作者只带了必需品上路。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的几天很难熬。A. pleasant令人愉快的；B. calm平静的；C. tugh艰难的；D. lucky幸运的。根据后文“The winds were abut 60mph, and my sled weighed 120kg.(风速约为每小时60英里，我的雪橇重达120公斤)”可知，一开始很困难，风速约为每小时60英里，雪橇重达120公斤。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使能见度很好，你也看不见很多东西——这是一片白色的地平线。A. talk谈话；B. hear听见；C. feel感觉；D. see看见。上文“Even if the visibility is gd”提到了能见度，对应的是看到东西，故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我每两个小时摔倒14次。A. fell ver摔倒；B. drpped ut辍学；C. lked away转移目光；D. put up放置。上文“Then, I fund the cnditins t be much wrse.”提到了情况更糟糕了，结合上文提到风速大，视野差，说明作者经常摔倒，选项中fell ver符合语境。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果，我落后于计划。A. fundraising资金筹集；B. supply供给量；C. schedule计划；D. hmewrk家庭作业。根据后文“fell mre than 100 miles shrt f my gal”可知，作者落后于计划了。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我走了922英里，离我的目标还差100多英里。A. measured测量；B. designed设计；C. searched搜索；D. cvered覆盖，行走。根据后文“922 miles”表示走了多少距离，应用动词cver。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到远处的那个点时，我感到难以置信的宽慰。A. burden负担；B. relief安慰；C. pain痛苦；D. anxiety焦虑。根据后文“I felt when I saw the dt in the distance was unbelievable”可知，作者到达了终点，所以是感到宽慰。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了一段时间才为我所取得的成就感到自豪，因为我没有达到我最初的目标，但我知道改变目标是可以接受的。A. prud骄傲的；B. skeptical怀疑的；C. shy害羞的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据后文“f what I’d achieved”指为取得的成就感到自豪，应用be prud f。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了一段时间才为我所取得的成就感到自豪，因为我没有达到我最初的目标，但我知道改变目标是可以接受的。A. insignificant不重要的；B. unbearable难以忍受的；C. disturbing令人不安的；D. initial最初的。根据上文“because I had failed t reach my”以及后文提到了改变目标可以接受，说明作者没能达到最初的目标。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了一段时间才为我所取得的成就感到自豪，因为我没有达到我最初的目标，但我知道改变目标是可以接受的。A. regrettable后悔的；B. unnecessary不必要的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. inapprpriate不合适的。上文“It tk me a while t be f what I’d achieved, because I had failed t reach my gal, but I’ve learned it’s”中but表示转折，说明虽然没有达到最初目标，但指导改变目标也是可以接受的。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你以尊重的态度对待每个地方，希望它们能让你安全通行。A. respect尊重；B. curage勇气；C. carelessness粗心；D. cldness寒冷。根据上文“I dn’t agree with the idea f cnquering smewhere.(我不同意征服某个地方的想法)”可知，作者认为要尊重对待每个地方。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你以尊重的态度对待每个地方，希望它们能让你安全通行。A. narrw狭窄的；B. safe安全的；C. limited有限的；D. challenging挑战性的。根据上文“hpe they’ll allw yu”指尊重每一个地方，他们才能让你安全通行。故选B。
第四部分：语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fr yu, the “Clear and Bright” day that falls in every April might be n mre than just anther hliday - the fact that it cmes with three days ff schl ____56____ (matter) t mst students much mre than the fact that it is part f the 24 slar terms.
But the UNESCO has recgnized the imprtance f the 24 slar terms.This ancient system that Chinese peple have used t keep track f the time f year ___57___ (add) t the UNESCO list f Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity n Nv 30.
Fr starters, yu may have heard yur mm say: “The sanfu days are almst ver.The heat wn’t be here fr lng.” The sanfu days are a perid f time that falls in summer, smewhere ____58____ Minr Heat (in July) and Autumn Equinx(in September).The cldest days, r the sanjiu days, are similar.They cver the 27 days ____59____ (fllw)Winter Slstice.
In sme places, slar terms guide peple’s lives thrugh special fds, cultural events and healthy living tips.Fr example, peple frm ____60____ (nrth) China are in the habit f eating dumplings n the day f Winter Slstice.And n Start f Autumn, sme peple treat____61____ t a big feast, especially f meat, smething they call“putting n autumn weight”, r tieqiubia. But n matter ____62____ differently peple celebrate the 24 slar terms, they have been here fr a lng time and culd last frever
Accrding t Chinese writer and academic Yu Shicun, unlike many ther examples f intangible cultural heritage -Peking Opera and Chinese Zhusuan, fr example -the slar terms are ____63____ reginal (地域的) nr a type f art r skill. Instead, the system is a philsphy f time, ____64____ applies t everything.And this means they are ___65___ (likely) t die ut.
【答案】56. matters 57. was added 58. between 59. fllwing 60. nrthern
61. themselves 62. hw 63. neither 64. which 65. unlikely
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国24节气的历史、文化习俗及其在现代生活中的重要性。
【56题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：对大多数学生来说，放三天假比它是二十四节气的一部分重要得多。空处为句子的谓语动词。句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态。主语the fact为第三人称单数形式，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填matters。
【57题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：这个中国人用来记录时间的古老系统于11月30日被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产名录。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语n Nv 30可知，句子用一般过去时，主语system与add之间是被动关系。故填was added。
【58题详解】
考查介词。句意：三伏天是夏天的一段时间，介于小暑和秋分之间。between A and B表示“在A和B之间”，故填between。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们涵盖了冬至之后的27天。空处需要非谓语动词作定语，the 27 days与fllw之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作定语。故填fllwing。
【60题详解】
考查形容词。句意：例如，北方人习惯在冬至吃饺子。空处修饰名词China，用形容词作定语，nrth的形容词为nrthern“北方的”。故填nrthern。
【61题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：在立秋时，有些人会为自己准备一顿大餐，尤其是肉，他们称之为“贴秋膘”。treat neself t表示“请自己吃”，主语为sme peple，所以反身代词用themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。
【62题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：但无论人们庆祝二十四节气的方式有多么不同，它们已经存在很长时间，并且可能会永远存在下去。根据句意可知，此处表示“无论人们庆祝二十四节气的方式有多么不同”，n matter hw表示“无论多么”，引导让步状语从句。故填hw。
【63题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：与许多其他非物质文化遗产的例子不同——例如京剧和中国珠算——二十四节气既不是地域性的，也不是一种艺术或技能。neither…nr…表示“既不……也不……”。故填neither。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：相反，这个系统是一种时间哲学，适用于一切。空处引导非限定性定语从句。先行词是a philsphy f time，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
【65题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这意味着它们不太可能消失。空处需要形容词作表语，此处表示“不可能消失”。unlikely为形容词“不可能的”,符合语境。故填unlikely。
第五部分：词汇部分(共20题，每题1分，满分20分)
第一节根据单词首字母及所给中文写出单词的正确形式(共7分，每题1分)
66. Tgether, i_____________(个人；个体) can make a difference. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】individuals##ndividuals
【解析】考查名词。句意：个人或个体一起可以有所作为。“个人；个体”作主语，根据首字母提示，应用可数名词individual，结合句意和“Tgether”可知，指很多个体在一起，应用名词复数。故填individuals。
67. Faced with challenges, she always takes the i__________________ (主动权) t step frward, rather than waiting fr guidance. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】initiative##nitiative
【解析】考查名词。句意：面对挑战，她总是主动向前迈进，而不是等待指导。空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据所给中文提示词和首字母，应是initiative意为“主动权”。故填initiative。
68. He is widely respected as a man f __________________ (正直；诚实) wh always stays true t his principles.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】hnesty
【解析】考查名词。句意：他作为一个诚实的人而广受尊敬，他总是忠于自己的原则。根据汉语提示“正直，诚实”可知，此处为名词hnesty，作宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填hnesty。
69. Children are ften very gd at i__________________(融入) int a new culture. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】integrating##ntegrating
【解析】考查动词。句意：孩子们往往很善于融入一种新的文化。根据所给中文提示词和首字母，应是integrate意为“融入”，为动词，空前是介词，所以空处应填动名词作宾语。故填integrating。
70. The UN Security Cuncil is debating whether t authrize military i__________________(干预; 介入) t prtect civilians trapped in the war zne. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】interference##nterference
【解析】考查名词。句意：联合国安理会正在讨论是否授权军事干预以保护被困在战区的平民。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作authrize的宾语，根据所给中文提示词和首字母，应是interference意为“干预；介入”。故填interference。
71. Make sure yu keep a well-stcked first aid k__________________ (成套工具；成套设备) ready t deal with any emergency. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】kit##it
【解析】考查名词。句意：确保你准备好一个装备齐全的急救箱，以应对任何紧急情况。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要名词kit“成套工具；成套设备”。a well-stcked first aid kit“一个装备齐全的急救箱”，在句中作宾语。故填kit。
72. She was asked the same questin s many times that the answer became __________________(机械的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】mechanical
【解析】考查形容词。句意：同样的问题被问了太多次，她的回答变得呆板了。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据所给中文提示词，应是mechanical意为“机械的”。故填mechanical。
第二节根据句意，用所给单词的正确形式填空(共7分，每题1分)
73. Sadly, _______________(frtune) never cmes singly. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】misfrtune
【解析】考查名词。句意：不幸的是，祸不单行。空处作主语，表示“不幸”应用名词misfrtune。故填misfrtune。
74. ________(judge) frm her accent, she must be frm Sichuan. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Judging
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：从她的口音判断，她一定是四川人。分析句子，句中must be为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。judge frm意为“从……来判断”与逻辑主语是主动关系，所以用现在分词在句中作状语。故填Judging。
75. She _______________ (lw) her eyes, shaking her head slightly. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】lwered
【解析】考查动词。句意：她低下眼睛，微微摇了摇头。空处需要动词作谓语。lw的动词形式为lwer“降低”。句子陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时态。故填lwered。
76. The brken windw was replaced last week during the rutine _______________ (maintain) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】maintenance
【解析】考查名词。句意：上周在例行维护期间更换了破碎的窗户。空处需要名词作during的宾语。maintain的名词形式为maintenance“维护”，为不可数名词，故填maintenance。
77. It was Chaucer wh really turned English int a _______________(literature) language.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】literal
【解析】考查形容词。句意：真正把英语变成文字语言的人是乔叟。修饰名词language，需用形容词literal，作定语。故填literal。
78. His decisin t quit this jb was _______________ (just), by the pr wrking cnditins and lw pay. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】justified
【解析】考查形容词。句意：他辞掉这份工作的决定是合理的，因为工作条件差，工资又低。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据句意，用just的形容词形式justified意为“合乎情理；事出有因”符合语境。故填justified。
79. After cnducting thrugh research, he made an _______________ (infrm)chice abut his future career path. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】infrmed
【解析】考查形容词。句意：在进行彻底的研究后，他对未来的职业道路做出了明智的选择。空处需要形容词修饰后面的名词作定语。infrm的形容词为infrmed“有见识的；明智的”，an infrmed chice“有依据的选择，明智的选择”。故填infrmed。
第三节根据句意，选择适当词组并用其正确形式填空(共6分，每题1分)
选词填空
80. The little ship was _______________ the strm, fiercely shaken by the waves.
81. Plice drpped the charges against him _____________ sufficient evidence.
82. In recent years, the in-depth research _______________ the causes f the disease ffering hpe fr future treatments.
83. I can’t even slve basic math prblems, _______________ cmplex nes.
84. She shwed us that even a single desire, never given up n, can _______________ a remarkable life.
85. He was in such a hurry that he almst _______________ me, and mumbled an aplgy as he rushed by.
【答案】80. at the mercy f 81. fr lack f 82. has thrwn light n 83. let alne
84. make fr 85. kncked int
【80题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：小船任凭风浪摆布，被海浪猛烈地摇晃着。根据“fiercely shaken by the waves”可知，此处表示“任凭风浪摆布”，应用介词短语at the mercy f，意为“任凭……摆布”。故填at the mercy f。
【81题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：由于缺乏足够的证据，警方撤销了对他的指控。根据“drpped the charges against him”可知，此处表示“由于缺乏足够的证据”，应用介词短语fr lack f，意为“由于缺乏”。故填fr lack f。
【82题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：近年来，对该疾病的深入研究为未来的治疗提供了希望。根据“ffering hpe fr future treatments”可推知，此处表示“对该疾病的深入研究”，应用动词短语thrw light n，意为“阐明；使……更容易理解”，结合时间状语“In recent years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语“the in-depth research”为单数，助动词用has。故填has thrwn light n。
【83题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我甚至解决不了基本的数学问题，更不用说复杂的了。根据句意I can’t even slve basic math prblems”以及“cmplex nes，表示“更不用说”，用固定短语let alne。故填let alne。
【84题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：她向我们表明，即使是一个单一的愿望，只要不放弃，也能造就非凡的人生。根据“even a single desire, never given up n”以及“a remarkable life”可知，此处表示“造就非凡的人生”，应用动词短语make fr，意为“导致，促成”，情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填make fr。
【85题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：他如此匆忙，几乎撞到了我，他从身边冲过时喃喃地道歉。根据“He was in such a hurry”以及“mumbled an aplgy as he rushed by”可知，此处表示“几乎撞到了我”，应用动词短语knck int，意为“撞到”，结合“was”可知，句子应用一般过去时。故填kncked int。
第六部分：写作(满分20分，15分+卷面分5分)
86. 假定你是李华，你注意到你校学生很少进行英语文学阅读。请你给全校同学用英语写封倡议书，倡导大家多阅读英语文学作品。内容包括：
1. 介绍现状并分析原因；
2. 你对阅读英语文学作品的看法；
3. 发出倡议。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】
Dear fellw students,
Currently, mst students in ur schl read little English literature because they cnsider it t difficult. Als, they dn’t think it necessary t d s. In my view, hwever, English literature is what we can’t affrd t miss. It ffers us an pprtunity t appreciate the beauty f English and have a taste f different cultures. Better yet, it allws us t cmmunicate with thse great minds.
Therefre, I appeal t every ne f yu t read mre English literature and I believe yu wn’t regret it!make fr
let alne
jump at
at the mercy f
make ut
thrw light n
knck int
fr lack f