湖北省武汉市2024-2025学年高二上学期开学试题英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份湖北省武汉市2024-2025学年高二上学期开学试题英语试卷（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力 （略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个进项中选出最佳选项。
A
The greater Rchester area is filled with pprtunities t study and perfrm music in the summer!
Rberts Cmmunity Schl
Rberts Cmmunity Music Schl has exciting summer music al pprtunities fr families n the west side f Rchester. It ffers tw 7-week Early Childhd Classes, Pian Discveries, and a Ukulele Chir. Lessns are available fr pian, vice, stringed instruments, and wdwind & brass(铜管乐器).
Schl f Rck—Rchester
With camp chices fr all ages and skill levels, Schl f Rck is the perfect summer activity fr yur child. Our summer music camps are perfrmance-based, meaning students learn t play by perfrming tgether in a fun envirnment. Frm beginner camps t sngwriting and themed camps, we ffer a wide variety f ptins t ensure yur child has an amazing music al experience. Our gal is t prepare teens fr live perfrmances n stage.
Eastman Cmmunity Music Schl
The Eastman Cmmunity Music Schl ffers different day prgrams and vernight music camps this summer fr middle and high schl students, including Adventure Music Camp fr Middle Schlers, Summer Jazz Studies fr High Schl Students, Barque wrkshps, and New Hrizns Orchestra Camp. Private lessns are als available f all ages, levels, instruments r vice.
Bach t Rck Music Schl
Bach t Rck’s Music Camps run each week all summer lng fr all ages and levels! Our camps are designed fr students t wrk with ur highly experienced teachers t learn hw t play their instrument f chice, develp a band, learn t play sngs they lve, and have the pprtunity t write and create their music. Each weekly camp ends with an pprtunity t recrd in ur studi! Full r half-day camps are available. N experience is necessary.
1. Which schl’s prgrams are designed t get students n stage perfrming?
A. Rberts Cmmunity Schl.B. Schl f Rck—Rchester.
C. Eastman Cmmunity Music Schl.D. Bach t Rck Music Schl.
2. What is special abut Bach t Rck Music Camps?
A. They ffer vernight camps.
B. They require related experience.
C. They ffer chances t perfrm in a TV statin.
D. They can train different kinds f musical skills.
3. Wh can take part in the music camps intrduced in the text?
A. Rchester artists.B. Lcal families.
C. Schl students.D. Experienced teachers.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章是关于四个音乐夏令营的介绍。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Schl f Rck—Rchester部分中“Our gal is t prepare teens fr live perfrmances n stage.(我们的目标是让青少年为舞台上的现场表演做好准备)”可知，这个学校的夏令营专注于学生的舞台表演。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bach t Rck Music Schl部分中“Our camps are designed fr students t wrk with ur highly experienced teachers t learn hw t play their instrument f chice, develp a band, learn t play sngs they lve, and have the pprtunity t write and create their music.(我们的夏令营是为学生设计的，让他们与经验丰富的老师一起学习如何演奏他们选择的乐器，组建乐队，学习演奏他们喜欢的歌曲，并有机会创作自己的音乐)”可知，Bach t Rck Music Schl专注于培训学生不同的音乐技能。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由Rberts Cmmunity Schl中“It ffers tw 7-week Early Childhd Classes, Pian Discveries, and a Ukulele Chir. (它提供两个为期7周的幼儿班、钢琴探索和尤克里里合唱团。)”；Schl f Rck—Rchester中“With camp chices fr all ages and skill levels, Schl f Rck is the perfect summer activity fr yur child.(摇滚学校为所有年龄段和技能水平的孩子提供营地选择，是您孩子完美的夏季活动。)”；Eastman Cmmunity Music Schl中“The Eastman Cmmunity Music Schl ffers different day prgrams and vernight music camps this summer fr middle and high schl students, including Adventure Music Camp fr Middle Schlers, Summer Jazz Studies fr High Schl Students, Barque wrkshps, and New Hrizns Orchestra Camp. (伊士曼社区音乐学校今年夏天为中学生和高中生提供不同的日间课程和通宵音乐营，包括中学生冒险音乐营、高中生夏季爵士乐研究、巴洛克工作室和新视野管弦乐队营。)”以及Bach t Rck Music Schl中“Our camps are designed fr students t wrk with ur highly experienced teachers t learn hw t play their instrument f chice, develp a band, learn t play sngs they lve, and have the pprtunity t write and create their music.(我们的营地旨在让学生与我们经验丰富的老师合作，学习如何演奏他们选择的乐器，组建乐队，学习演奏他们喜欢的歌曲，并有机会创作他们的音乐。)”可知，学校学生可以参加文中介绍的音乐营。故选C项。
B
Selina Zhang, a high schler, has invented a trap that culd ptentially get rid f lanternflies in the city. She first nticed this pest in grade schl. At the time, Zhang was visiting a market near her hmetwn. The clrful bugs caught her eye, and she was intrigued as she had never seen a bug quite like it.
Zhang’s first encunter with the sptted lanternfly relates t the qute, “Nt all that glitters is gld. ”This bug with bright red underwings standing ut frm black frewings might be pretty t lk at. Hwever, it has damaged lcal agricultural industry fr decades, and the city has been unable t remve this prblem.
This insect has a healthy appetite fr mst plants and can feed n mst crps, trees and varius fruits. This invasive pest des nt harm humans r animals. Hwever, it culd reduce the quality f life f peple living in heavily infested areas. It is knwn t be a nuisance (讨厌的东西) in utdr areas as they can lay their egg masses n trees and even vehicles.
Zhang eventually realized that this insect psed a threat t Garden City and decided t d smething abut it. Mst peple chse insecticides t manage this invasin, but this can leave harmful remains affecting crucial pllinatrs. Sme thers use a sticky band wrapped arund a tree trunk t trap pests. This methd is als unsafe as it can trap ther small animals and insects in its grip.
In search f an eclgically acceptable methd, Zhang gt inspiratin frm chess bards and the“Dance Dance Revlutin”. She cnducted an extensive field bservatin fr weeks n end, bserving the behaviral patterns f the bugs. She studied hw they grew ver time and navigated unfamiliar structures and areas they chse t gather. After her study, Zhang knew she wanted t cpy the tree f heaven as a trap and used an umbrella frm her family’s pati.
She then designed an electric net fr this tree, using machine learning t kill the lanternflies that landed. And she finally created an slar-pwered, self-cleaning“tree”that attracts the sptted lanternfly, remving the bug with an electrnic mesh (网).
4. What des the qute “Nt all that glitters is gld” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Things lking valuable may be wrthless.
B. Zhang’s hmetwn fails t get rid f the bug.
C. Bdies f the beautiful lanternfly are glwing.
D. The bug destrys agricultural industry despite its beauty.
5. What can be learned abut lanternflies?
A. They live n greens and animals.
B. They have a bad effect n peple’s life.
C. Peple hate them laying eggs everywhere.
D. Their underwings are shrter than their frewings.
6. What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut?
A. The applicatin f the trap.B. The surce f the trap.
C. The prcess f inventing the trap.D. The challenges f designing the trap.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Zhang?
A. Persistent and innvative.B. Creative and mdest.
C. Reliable and knwledgeable.D. Intelligent and cnfident
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了高中生Selina Zhang如何通过自己的观察和创新，发明了一种可能有效控制城市中入侵性害虫——斑点灯笼蝇的方法。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“This bug with bright red underwings standing ut frm black frewings might be pretty t lk at. Hwever, it has damaged lcal agricultural industry fr decades, and the city has been unable t remve this prblem.(这只虫子有着鲜红的下翼，从黑色的前翼中脱颖而出，看起来可能很漂亮。然而，它已经破坏了当地农业几十年，城市一直无法解决这个问题。)”可知，灯笼虫看起来很漂亮，但实际上对农业造成了破坏，这与“Nt all that glitters is gld(并非所有闪光的都是金子)”的含义相符，即外表看似有价值的东西实际上可能毫无价值，故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“This invasive pest des nt harm humans r animals. Hwever, it culd reduce the quality f life f peple living in heavily infested areas.(这种入侵性害虫不会伤害人类或动物。然而，它可能会降低生活在严重受感染地区的人们的生活质量。)”可知，灯笼虫对人类的生活有负面影响，故选B项。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“She then designed an electric net fr this tree, using machine learning t kill the lanternflies that landed. And she finally created an slar-pwered, self-cleaning “tree” that attracts the sptted lanternfly, remving the bug with an electrnic mesh(网).(然后她为这棵树设计了一个电网，利用机器学习杀死落在上面的灯笼虫。她最终创造了一棵太阳能驱动的、自清洁的“树”，吸引斑点灯笼虫，用电子网去除虫子。)”可知，本段主要讲述了张发明陷阱的过程，故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Zhang eventually realized that this insect psed a threat t Garden City and decided t d smething abut it.(张最终意识到这种昆虫对花园城市构成了威胁，决定采取行动。)”以及最后一段“She then designed an electric net fr this tree, using machine learning t kill the lanternflies that landed. And she finally created an slar-pwered, self-cleaning “tree” that attracts the sptted lanternfly, remving the bug with an electrnic mesh(网).(然后她为这棵树设计了一个电网，利用机器学习杀死落在上面的灯笼虫。她最终创造了一棵太阳能驱动的、自清洁的“树”，吸引斑点灯笼虫，用电子网去除虫子。)”可知，张在发现问题后，坚持不懈地寻找解决方案，并最终创新性地发明了一种陷阱，故选A项。
C
Willful ignrance exists in large amunt in daily life. Peple regularly lk the ther way rather than examining the cnsequences f their actins. Despite plenty f scientific evidence fr climate change, fr instance, many peple still avid engaging with facts abut glbal warming.
We wanted t understand hw cmmn willful ignrance is and why peple engage in it. After cllecting data frm multiple research prjects that invlved mre than 6,000 individuals, we discvered that willful ignrance is cmmn and harmful, with 40 percent f peple chsing “nt t knw” the cnsequences f their actins t free themselves f guilt while maximizing their wn gains. But we als fund that abut 40 percent f peple are unselfish: rather than aviding infrmatin abut the cnsequences f their actins, they seek it ut t increase the benefits t thers.
In the experiments, the decisins were made in ne f tw settings. In the transparent (透明的) setting, decisin-makers had infrmatin abut hw their chice wuld affect themselves and their partner. In an ambiguus (模糊的) setting, decisin-makers knew hw their chice wuld matter fr themselves but nt fr their teammate — althugh they culd request that insight.
The verall balance tipped tward selfishness when participants had the ptin t avid infrmatin. Only 39 percent f peple in the ambiguus setting made the chice that ultimately benefited their partner — a significant drp frm 55 percent in the transparent cnditin.
If we can avid putting a strng mral emphasis n decisins, it may make peple feel less threatened and, as a result, be less willfully ignrant. Other research grups have fund prmising ways t d this. Fr instance, we culd encurage peple t think mre psitively abut gd deeds rather than guilt-trip them fr what they have failed t d. Highlighting recent glbal achievements, such as healing the zne (臭氧) layer, can inspire peple t keep up the gd wrk rather than feeling like the battle is lst and that the situatin is hpeless.
In shrt, we can encurage ne anther and urselves tward mre selfless and generus actins.
8. Why d sme peple chse nt t knw the cnsequences f their actins?
A. T make easier chices t be a gd persn.
B. T increase their wn benefits mre than thers’.
C. T avid the influence f cnsequences n actins.
D. T get the mst benefits withut a sense f shame.
9. Hw can willful ignrance be prevented?
A. By fcusing less n its mrality.
B. By stressing its ptential threat.
C. By being mre psitive abut neself.
D. By getting peple aware f their actins.
10. In which clumn f a newspaper can we read the passage?
A. Literature.B. Technlgy.
C. Bilgy.D. Psychlgy.
11. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. The reasn fr willful ignrance.
B. The harmful effects f willful ignrance.
C. The results f willful ignrance.
D. The influence f willful ignrance n envirnment.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了故意无知的普遍性和原因，研究发现40%的人为了避免负罪感选择忽视行为后果，而40%的人主动寻求信息以帮助他人。文章建议减少道德压力，鼓励积极思考善行，以减少故意无知，促进更无私的行为。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“After cllecting data frm multiple research prjects that invlved mre than 6,000 individuals, we discvered that willful ignrance is cmmn and harmful, with 40 percent f peple chsing “nt t knw” the cnsequences f their actins t free themselves f guilt while maximizing their wn gains. (在收集了涉及6000多人的多个研究项目的数据后，我们发现，故意的无知是常见和有害的，40%的人选择“不知道”他们行为的后果，以拜托自己的负罪感，同时最大化自己的利益。)”可知，有些人选择不知道他们行为的后果，是为了获得最大的利益而不感到羞耻。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“If we can avid putting a strng mral emphasis n decisins, it may make peple feel less threatened and, as a result, be less willfully ignrant. (如果我们能够避免在决策中强调强烈的道德，它可能会让人们感到不那么威胁，从而减少故意的无知。)”可知，通过减少对道德的关注，可以防止故意的无知。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Willful ignrance exists in large amunt in daily life. Peple regularly lk the ther way rather than examining the cnsequences f their actins. (在日常生活中大量存在着故意无知。人们经常睁一只眼闭一只眼，而不去审视自己行为的后果。)”可知，贯穿文章的关键词是故意无知，文章主要探讨了故意无知的普遍性和原因，通过实验研究了人们在不同情境下的决策行为，并提出了减少故意无知的方法。文章内容涉及心理学领域的研究，因此我们很可能在心理学栏目中阅读到该文章。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“We wanted t understand hw cmmn willful ignrance is and why peple engage in it. (我们想了解故意无知有多普遍，以及人们为什么会参与其中。)”可知，作者通过实验数据，探究了故意无知的普遍性和原因，研究发现40%的人为了避免负罪感选择忽视行为后果，而40%的人主动寻求信息以帮助他人。针对该原因，作者建议减少道德压力，鼓励积极思考善行，以减少故意无知，促进更无私的行为。因此，文章总体是呈现故意无知的原因。故选A项。
D
Sme peple ften wnder whether they are fighting a battle with their genes t maintain a healthy weight. In fact, researchers have prvided plenty f evidence that peple are brn with tendencies t be lighter r heavier. Fr example, studies f identical twins have revealed great similarity in their verall weight. Part f this similarity may be explained by the finding that sme peple are brn t burn a lt f calries just thrugh rdinary day-t-day activities while thers are nt. Thse wh are nt are mre at risk fr weight gain.
Researchers have discvered sme f the actual genetic mechanisms (机制) that may make sme individuals mre likely t be bese. Fr example, a gene has been fund that appears t cntrl signals t the brain that enugh fat has been stred in the bdy in the curse f a meal — s the individual shuld stp eating. The gene influences the prductin f leptin (瘦蛋白), which keeps appetite under cntrl. If leptin desn’t wrk well, it is likely that individuals will cntinue t eat. Thus the gene that cntrls leptin appears t have a critical influence n the ptential fr besity.
The cnfirmatin that leptin plays a rle in weight cntrl has encuraged researchers t identify and understand ther weight-related genes. Recent attentin has fcused n a gene called GAD2. GAD2 helps cntrl the amunt f the neurtransmitter (神经递质) GABA. In general, when mre GABA is available, appetite is increased. Fr that reasn, peple wh have a frm f GAD2 that allws mre GABA t be available may be at risk fr vereating. Yu can see that GAD2 is nt directly an besity gene. Rather it has an indirect influence n besity thrugh its direct influence n GABA.
Genetic research hlds ut the prmise f innvative slutins t besity. Researchers hpe that an understanding f the link between genes and weight cntrl will enable them t prvide new drug treatments. Nnetheless, even the mst ptimistic researchers prvide a warning: “Innvative drugs will be effective nly when they are used alng with lifestyle changes.”
12. Hw des the authr develp Paragraph 1?
A. By giving an example.B. By making an assumptin.
C. By asking questins.D. By reasning and analyzing.
13. What des the underlined wrd “bese” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Pwerful.B. Fat.
C. Active.D. Outging.
14. What d researchers suggest ding in the last paragraph?
A. Taking new drugs.B. Understanding genetic effects.
C. Keeping a healthy lifestyle.D. Trying t adjust GAD2.
15. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. The Srts f Genus Helping Yu Keep Thin
B. The Reasn Why Yu Becme T Heavy
C. Hw Des Genetics Cntribute t Obesity?
D. What Influence Des Fd Have n Weight?
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要讲的是研究人员发现了一些可能使某些人更容易肥胖的实际遗传机制。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Sme peple ften wnder whether they are fighting a battle with their genes t maintain a healthy weight. In fact, researchers have prvided plenty f evidence that peple are brn with tendencies t be lighter r heavier. Fr example, studies f identical twins have revealed great similarity in their verall weight. Part f this similarity may be explained by the finding that sme peple are brn t burn a lt f calries just thrugh rdinary day-t-day activities while thers are nt. Thse wh are nt are mre at risk fr weight gain.(有些人常常想知道，他们是否在与自己的基因进行一场战斗，以保持健康的体重。事实上，研究人员已经提供了大量证据，证明人们天生就有更轻或更重的倾向。例如，对同卵双胞胎的研究表明，他们的总体体重非常相似。研究发现，有些人天生就能通过日常活动燃烧大量卡路里，而另一些人则不然，这可以部分解释这种相似性。那些不这样做的人体重增加的风险更大)”可知，作者举例说明展开第一段。故选A。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Fr example, a gene has been fund that appears t cntrl signals t the brain that enugh fat has been stred in the bdy in the curse f a meal—s the individual shuld stp eating. The gene influences the prductin f leptin (瘦蛋白), which keeps appetite under cntrl. If leptin desn’t wrk well, it is likely that individuals will cntinue t eat. Thus the gene that cntrls leptin appears t have a critical influence n the ptential fr besity.(例如，已经发现一种基因似乎可以控制向大脑发出的信号，即在用餐过程中体内储存了足够的脂肪，因此个体应该停止进食。这种基因影响瘦素的产生，而瘦素能控制食欲。如果瘦素不起作用，人们很可能会继续吃。因此，控制瘦素的基因似乎对肥胖的可能性有关键影响)”以及划线词上文“Researchers have discvered sme f the actual genetic mechanisms (机制) that may make sme individuals mre likely t be”可知，研究人员已经发现了一些实际的遗传机制，这些机制可能使一些人更容易肥胖。故划线词意思是“肥胖的”。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nnetheless, even the mst ptimistic researchers prvide a warning: “Innvative drugs will be effective nly when they are used alng with lifestyle changes.”(然而，即使是最乐观的研究人员也提出了警告：“创新药物只有在与生活方式的改变一起使用时才会有效。”)”可知，研究人员建议保持健康的生活方式。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Researchers have discvered sme f the actual genetic mechanisms (机制) that may make sme individuals mre likely t be bese.(研究人员已经发现了一些实际的遗传机制，这些机制可能使一些人更容易肥胖)”结合文章主要讲的是研究人员发现了一些可能使某些人更容易肥胖的实际遗传机制。可知，C选项“基因是如何导致肥胖的？”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Trashin (垃圾时尚) is a term fr art, jewelry, and fashin created frm used, thrwn-ut, fund and repurpsed elements. ___16___ Hwever, as recycling and “green” fashin becme mre and mre ppular, trashin is nw widely used t describe any wearable item r accessry that is cnstructed using all r part recycled materials.
Trashin is a philsphy including envirnmentalism and innvatin. ___17___ Like upcycling, trashin generates items that are valued again, but these may be lw-cst r high-cst, perhaps depending n the skill f the artist. The envirnmental aim f trashin is t call attentin t the plluting result f waste.
___18___ Fr example, in 2006, Julia Genatssi held Mnsn Vermnt, a trashin design huse. The cmpany designs items such as umbrellas, shwer curtains and backpacks which are made frm Jakarta’s recycled trash. Unlike ther charity activities, it was a fr-prfit business activity.
Trashin design can include a wide variety f hme gds, frm tables t vases. Peple believe that by re-using unwanted items, they are bth benefiting the envirnment and the items themselves, by giving such items a new purpse in life. Trashin can als be an interesting explratin fr artists, wh push themselves t think abut things in new ways. ___19___
One f the great things abut trashin is that it is accessible t anyne wh feels creative and resurceful, unlike traditinal fashin, which tends t be cstly and elitist (精英统治的). ___20___ Smene wh wears trashin clthes t a functin, fr example, can be cnfident that n ne else will be wearing the same.
A. Trashin is fr saving energy.
B. Trashin is als unique.
C. Trashin has becme a very ppular style f art.
D. Public interest in trashin started spreading in the late 1990s.
E. It springs frm a desire t make the best use f limited resurces.
F. A talented trashin designer can see trash as smething valuable.
G. Initially, trashin was used t describe cstumes usually linked t fashin shws.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了垃圾时尚的起源、目的、价值以及垃圾时尚带来的好处。
【16题详解】
下文“Hwever, as recycling and “green” fashin becme mre and mre ppular, trashin is nw widely used t describe any wearable item r accessry that is cnstructed using all r part recycled materials. (然而，随着回收和“绿色”时尚越来越流行，垃圾时尚现在被广泛用于描述任何使用全部或部分回收材料制成的可穿戴物品或配件)”说明随着时间的流逝，垃圾时尚的意义有了变化，与空格处是起初垃圾时尚的本来含义，因此G项“最初，垃圾被用来描述通常与时装秀有关的服装”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
下文“Like upcycling, trashin generates items that are valued again (就像回收利用一样，垃圾会产生重新估价的物品)”说明垃圾时尚本意是对资源的再利用，因此E项“它源于充分利用有限资源的愿望”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
下文“Fr example, in 2006, Julia Genatssi held Mnsn Vermnt, a trashin design huse. (例如，2006年，Julia Genatssi举办了佛蒙特季风，一个垃圾设计公司。)”说明垃圾时尚已经变成一种艺术，因此C项“垃圾已经成为一种非常流行的艺术风格”能够概括本段主旨，故选C。
【19题详解】
上文“Trashin can als be an interesting explratin fr artists, wh push themselves t think abut things in new ways (对于艺术家来说，垃圾也是一种有趣的探索，他们推动自己以新的方式思考事物)”说明垃圾通过艺术家的改造和创新会变成有价值的东西，与空格处是因果关系，因此F项“一个有才华的垃圾设计师可以把垃圾看作有价值的东西”符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
下文“Smene wh wears trashin clthes t a functin, fr example, can be cnfident that n ne else will be wearing the same. (例如，穿着垃圾服参加活动的人可以确信，其他人不会穿同样的衣服)”说明垃圾时尚的独特性，因此B项“垃圾也是独一无二的”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It's late—my wife and I are exhausted and cvered in mud. There's an ld wman shuting at us in Vietnamese, refusing t let us leave the huse. Behind is her ___21___, wh I'm desperately trying t stp frm taking her shirt ff. It's chas.
Helpless and ___22___, I wnder: hw did it cme t this?
We were n a mtrcycle tur f Las and Vietnam. We just ___23___ the brder int Vietnam smthly. Then the truble began: the highway. The rad was under ___24___ and in its place ___25___ the slipperiest mud slide imaginable. We were reduced t such a speed that ___26___ the mtrcycle and starting walking seemed a pssible ptin. Exhausted and dirty, we were ready t ___27___. Cancel the trip? I dubted. It just wasn't wrth it.
Seven hurs later, at ur lwest pint, we finally reached tarmac (柏油路) . T defeated t ___28___ the new-fund rad, we pulled int what appeared a restaurant, figuring we culd ask fr ___29___. There we were greeted by a teenage girl.
That brings us back t where we kicked ff. The ld wman is ___30___, nt in a scary way ,but in an “I'm repeating myself luder and luder and yu'll understand” kind f way. The teenage daughter keeps attempting t ___31___ in frnt f us. Desperately wanting t get t a htel, we try t leave but the ld wman pushes us back. We have n idea what we've gtten urselves int, nr hw the he’ll we are ging t ___32___.
Then there's a knck at the dr — a man is utside and we're tld t fllw him. It turns ut that they've called him t lead us int twn. The mther stpped us because f this and the daughter was just trying t ask us if we wanted t ___33___ ur clthes.
The peple were s unbelievably helpful. This ___34___ cntinued fr ur entire trip. It helped us find new strength — the cnfidence, n matter hw ___35___ it gets, t just keep ging.
21. A. mtherB. husbandC. daughterD. neighbr
22. A. determinedB. cnfusedC. amusedD. inspired
23. A. crssedB. clsedC. definedD. climbed
24. A. threatB. investigatinC. cnstructinD. guarantee
25. A. linedB. trappedC. struckD. lay
26. A. repairingB. ridingC. cleaningD. abandning
27. A. thrw in the twelB. face the music
C. let ut steamD. tick all the bxes
28. A. seeB. blck
C. describeD. appreciate
29. A. assessmentB. directins
C. facilitiesD. identificatin
30. A. whisperingB. singingC. yellingD. lecturing
31. A. unladB. undressC. unlckD. unpack
32. A. escapeB. cntinueC. travelD. lead
33. A. sellB. displayC. changeD. irn
34. A. persistenceB. intelligenceC. sympathyD. kindness
35. A. badB. darkC. farD. dirty
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和妻子骑摩托车去老挝和越南旅行，在半路遇到了困难，他们又累又脏，结果得到了当地人的好心帮助。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后面是她的女儿，我拼命想阻止她脱衣服。A. mther母亲；B. husband丈夫；C. daughter女儿；D. neighbr邻居。根据后文“The teenage daughter keeps attempting t”可知，女人的后面是她的女儿。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我既无助又困惑，我想知道：事情怎么会变成这样？A. determined坚定的；B. cnfused困惑的；C. amused被逗乐的；D. inspired受鼓舞的。根据后文“I wnder: hw did it cme t this?”可知，作者感到无助和困惑。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们刚刚顺利越过边境进入越南。A. crssed越过；B. clsed关闭；C. defined定义；D. climbed攀爬。根据后文“the brder int Vietnam smthly”指作者他们刚刚顺利越过边境进入越南。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这条路正在建设中，在它的位置上有可以想象到的最滑的泥石流。A. threat威胁；B. investigatin调查；C. cnstructin建造；D. guarantee保证。根据后文“the slipperiest mud slide imaginable”可知，道路正在建设，上面有泥石流。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这条路正在建设中，在它的位置上有可以想象到的最滑的泥石流。A. lined排队；B. trapped使被困；C. struck卡住；D. lay安放。根据后文“the slipperiest mud slide imaginable”可知，此处指道路的上方存在泥石流，此处lay表示存在，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的速度降到了如此之快，以至于放弃摩托车开始步行似乎是一个可能的选择。A. repairing修理；B. riding骑车；C. cleaning清理；D. abandning抛弃。根据后文“the mtrcycle and starting walking”可知，他们打算放弃摩托车，开始步行。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们又累又脏，准备认输了。A. thrw in the twel认输；B. face the music面对现实；C. let ut steam释放压力；D. tick all the bxes符合要求。根据后文“Cancel the trip? I dubted.”可知，他们又累又脏，准备认输了。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们太沮丧了，无法欣赏这条新发现的道路，于是把车开进了一家看起来像是餐馆的地方，想着可以问路。A. see看见；B. blck阻塞；C. describe描述；D. appreciate欣赏。根据后文“the new-fund rad”指欣赏刚发现的道路。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们太沮丧了，无法欣赏这条新发现的道路，于是把车开进了一家看起来像是餐馆的地方，想着可以问路。A. assessment评估；B. directins方向；C. facilities设备；D. identificatin辨认。根据上文“we pulled int what appeared a restaurant, figuring we culd ask fr”可知，他们来到餐馆想要问路。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老妇人在大喊大叫，不是用一种可怕的方式，而是一种“我在越来越大声地重复我的话，你会明白的”的方式。A. whispering低语；B. singing唱歌；C. yelling叫喊；D. lecturing演讲。根据上文“There’s an ld wman shuting at us”可知，老妇人在大喊大叫。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个十几岁的女儿一直想在我们面前脱衣服。A. unlad卸下；B. undress脱衣服；C. unlck解锁；D. unpack打开。根据上文“stp frm taking her shirt ff.”可知，那个十几岁的女儿一直想在他们面前脱衣服。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不知道自己陷入了什么境地，也不知道我们要怎么逃脱。A. escape逃走；B. cntinue继续；C. travel旅行；D. lead领导。根据上文“Desperately wanting t get t a htel, we try t leave but the ld wman pushes us back.(我们拼命想去旅馆，想离开，但老妇人把我们推了回来。)”可知，作者他们不知道怎么逃脱这种处境。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：母亲因此阻止了我们，女儿只是想问我们是否想换衣服。A. sell出售；B. display展示；C. change改变；D. irn熨烫。根据后文“ur clthes”以及后文“The peple were s unbelievably helpful.(这些人都非常乐于助人。)”指女儿想询问他们是否想换衣服，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们的整个旅行中，这种善意一直持续着。A. persistence毅力；B. intelligence智慧；C. sympathy同情；D. kindness善良。根据上文“The peple were s unbelievably helpful.(这些人都非常乐于助人。)”此处指接受到了善意一直持续着，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它帮助我们找到了新的力量——无论情况多么糟糕，都要继续前进的信心。A. bad糟糕的；B. dark黑暗的；C. far远的；D. dirty脏的。根据上文“It helped us find new strength—the cnfidence, n matter hw”以及作者他们在路上遇到了很多困难，所以是指情况糟糕。故选A。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。并将答案填写在答题卡上。
The cre value f Chinese traditinal culture is the cncept f harmny. Harmny is, in fact, a cmplete cultural system that cnsists f nt nly ___36___ (value) but als a philsphy with its wn wrld utlk. Harmny means “prper and balanced cperatin between things”.
With harmny at the heart, traditinal Chinese principles suggest that there is a built-in dynamic in the universe that turns imbalance int balance. This cncept, deeply ___37___ (mix) int the histry f Chinese sciety, advcates fr a balanced and ___38___ (peace) cexistence within the individual, between peple, and between humanity and nature.
At the center f Chinese cultural harmny is the belief in the intercnnectedness f all things. It ___39___ (reflect) in varius aspects f Chinese life, frm the emphasis n family unity and scial bnd ___40___ the practice f traditinal arts and the gvernance f the state.
The significance f harmny in Chinese culture cannt be verstated. It has shaped China’s apprach t internatinal relatins, ___41___ (highlight) harmnius cexistence and shared benefit. In taking care f the envirnment, ___42___ inspires effrts t live accrding t natural cycles and t respect all frms f life. Mrever, the cncept f harmny, ___43___ has enabled China t maintain scial ___44___ (stable) and cultural cnsistency despite the challenges f histry, ffers a mdel fr settling cnflicts and prmting a sense f cmmunity and belnging. As the wrld becmes ___45___ (steady) intercnnected, the principles f Chinese cultural harmny ffer valuable insights fr creating a mre balanced and sustainable glbal sciety.
【答案】36. values 37. mixed 38. peaceful 39. is reflected 40. t 41. highlighting 42. it 43. which 44. stability 45. steadily
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了中国传统文化中“和谐”这一核心价值理念的重要性及其在各个方面的体现。
【36题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：和谐实际上是一个完整的文化体系，它不仅包括价值观，而且包括一种具有自己世界观的哲学。value是可数名词，不止一种，因此空格处用复数。故填values。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这一理念深深融入了中国社会的历史，倡导个体内部、人与人之间、人与自然之间的平衡与和平共处。句中谓语是advcates，空格处用非谓语动词，cncept和mix之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动。故填mixed。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这一理念深深融入了中国社会的历史，倡导个体内部、人与人之间、人与自然之间的平衡与和平共处。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词cexistence，peace的形容词是peaceful，意为“和平的”。故填peaceful。
【39题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：它反映在中国人生活的各个方面，从强调家庭团结和社会纽带到传统艺术的实践和国家的治理。It和reflect之间是逻辑动宾关系，句子用被动语态，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语It是单数，因此空格处是is reflected。故填is reflected。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：它反映在中国人生活的各个方面，从强调家庭团结和社会纽带到传统艺术的实践和国家的治理。是固定搭配，意为“从……到……”，因此空格处是介词t。故填t。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它塑造了中国的国际关系理念，强调和谐共处、共享共赢。句中谓语是has shaped，空格处用非谓语动词，It和highlight之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动。故填highlighting。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：在保护环境方面，它激励人们努力按照自然周期生活，尊重所有形式的生命。本句缺少主语，空处应填代词或者名词，根据语境可知，句子表示“在保护环境方面，它激励人们努力按照自然周期生活，尊重所有形式的生命”，空格处是“它”，用it代指“harmny”。故填it。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：此外，和谐的概念使中国能够在历史的挑战中保持社会稳定和文化的一致性，为解决冲突和促进社区意识和归属感提供了一个模式。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词the cncept f harmny是物，因此空格处用关系代词which。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，和谐的理念使中国能够在历史的挑战中保持社会稳定和文化的一致性，为解决冲突和促进社区意识和归属感提供了一种模式。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，stable的名词形式是stability意为“稳定”。故填stability。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着世界越来越紧密地联系在一起，中国文化和谐的原则为创造一个更加平衡和可持续的全球社会提供了宝贵的见解。空格处用副词steadily修饰动词becmes，steadily意为“固定地，牢固地”。故填steadily。
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你们学校正在举办主题为“用外语讲好中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位做出杰出贡献的当代中国科学家为题，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.人物简介及事迹;
2.意义或启示。
注意：1.词数80词左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Outstanding Chinese Scientist I Admire
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
An Outstanding Chinese Scientist I Admire
Amng the myriad f brilliant minds in cntemprary China, I am deeply inspired by Dr. Tu Yuyu, the Nbel Laureate in Physilgy r Medicine. Her grundbreaking discvery f artemisinin, an effective treatment against malaria, has saved millins f lives wrldwide, particularly in develping cuntries.
Dr. Tu’s achievement nt nly shwcases the immense ptential f traditinal Chinese wisdm but als underscres the imprtance f perseverance and innvative thinking in scientific research. Her stry inspires me t pursue my academic endeavrs with an pen mind, embracing bth the past and the future.
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完成的短文。
Ruby was s prud f her new skates! She put them n right away and was sn rushing alng the sidewalk. Her little brther Max culd nly watch in envy.
“I wish I had a pair!” he tld his mum.
“Well, yu’re nearly big enugh t wear Ruby’s ld skates,” she replied.
But when Max tried n Ruby’s ld skates, they were t big. He stuffed newspaper int the bts. Much t his disappintment, he fell ver each time he tried t stand up in them.
Finally, he gave up, nly watching Ruby skating arund him.
“I shuld put n a skating display!” Ruby decided. “All ur aunts, uncles and cusins will cme. Yu’ll watch me, Max?”
Max sighed. He didn’t want t watch the shw. He wanted t be in it! “Pr Max!” said his mum. Then, she tk ut a pair f thick red scks t let Max pull them n with the hpe f fitting better.
Max eye d the red scks skeptically, saying, “Mum, these lk just like my red sccer scks, but smaller.” His mum smiled, “Ah, yur red sccer scks are t thin and meant fr running, but these are magic scks that have the pwer t expand and stretch t fit mst feet...”
Magic? When Mum left the rm, Max tk the wand (魔杖) frm his magic set and waved it arund a few times, “Magic scks, yu are s great! Use yur magic t help me skate” Max slipped the scks n and tried skating in his bedrm. He didn’t full ver! He tried again. He still didn’t fall. He culd nw skate— thanks t his magic scks! Hray!
The next mrning, when he skated up t Ruby n ne ft, she stared in amazement.“ Max, yu are magic!” Thrilled, Ruby invited him t jin in the shw. T prepare well fr the shw, Max practiced happily with the magic scks n every day. Max even tried tricks like jumps, believing the scks wuld help him.
注意：
（1） 续写词数应为150个左右；
（2） 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The shw time came and their family gathered in the garden.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“But yu’re nt wearing magic scks!” said Mum.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
The shw time came and their family gathered in the garden. Max was nervus, afraid that he wuld fall ver again. Hwever, everything went perfectly! The audience held their breath as the tw siblings did their special skating tricks, turns and jumps and when it was ver, they clapped and cheered. Max had never been mre prud! Mum went t hug them and praised Max fr his graceful skating skills. Max thanked Mum a lt and wed his success t his magic scks.
“But yu’re nt wearing magic scks!” said Mum. “I put them in the wash this mrning.” Max stared at her, and then at magic scks, which were hanging n the washing line. Actually, he was wearing the red sccer scks. Max was s surprised that he culd still skate — even withut his magic scks! “Yu dn’t need magic t skate,” said Mum. “Yu just need t practice and believe in yurself!” She was right! He culd skate, all n his wn.