【二轮专题】第4讲数词-高考英语语法精讲课件（含语法动画视频）

这是一份【二轮专题】第4讲数词-高考英语语法精讲课件（含语法动画视频），文件包含二轮专题第4讲数词-高考英语语法精讲课件pptx、倍数词mp4、分数词mp4、基数词mp4、序数词mp4、数词之加减乘除mp4、数词之编码与数字mp4等7份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共28页， 欢迎下载使用。
1. 基数词的基本用法 用作基数词单位的 hundred， thusand， millin， billin 通常不带复数词尾-s，于表示 数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。 Abut tw thusand peple died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。 Thusands f peple g t the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。2. 表示整十的基数词的用法 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大概岁数或某个年代。 He is in his early twenties. 他的年纪在二十出头。 This stry tk place in the 1930s. 故事发生在20世纪30年代。
1. 序数词的构成 —大多数的序数词是由基数词加-th 构成，如：seven—seventh， ten—tenth —以-t结尾的基数词只在词尾加-h，如：eight—eighth —以-ve结尾的基数词改-ve为f 再加-th，如：five—fifth， twelve—twelfth —以-y结尾的基数词改-y为-ie再加-th，如：twenty—twentieth， thirty—thirtieth —几十几的序数词只在个位数体现，如：twenty-ne—twenty-first， thirty-three—thirty-third —特殊的序数词：ne—first， tw—secnd， three—third， nine—ninth2. 不定冠词a与序数词连用 序数词前加冠词a表示“再一次”。例如： Can I try a secnd time? 我可以再试一次吗?3. 序数词用于分数中 描述分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母加s。例如： 1/5：ne fifth 2/3：tw thirds
英语中表达倍数常用下列句型：A is three/fur... times the size/height/length/width... f B.A is three/fur... times as big/high/lng/wide... as B.A is three/fur... times bigger/higher/lnger/wider... than B.…times +mre + 名词 + than...…times + as many(或much))+名词+as...…times +what从句用 times表表示倍数时，一般只限于三倍或三倍以上的倍数，表示两倍常用twice或duble。
1. The bx is ne-third bigger than that ne. 这个盒子比那个盒子大三分之一。2. This dictinary is five times as thick as the ne yu brrwed frm the library. 这本词典的厚度是你从图书馆借的那本(厚度)的5倍。3. This river is three times the depth f that ne. 这条河是那条河的3倍深。4. He earns five times mre mney than he did ten years ag. 他现在挣的钱比十年前挣的多5倍。5. He has gt three times as many bks as his sister. 他所拥有的书的数量是他妹妹的3倍。6. The price f the meat is twice what it was last year. 肉价是去年的两倍。
1. 表示时间、路程、金钱或重量等复数数量名词的主谓一致 当名词词组中心词为表示时间、路程、金钱或重量等复数名词时，往往根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语采用单数形式。 Twenty dllars is nt enugh. 二十美元是不够的。 Tw mnths has passed befre we realized that. 过了两个月我们才意识到那一点。 但是如果数词(大于1)单独使用来表示人或物，谓语动词一般用复数形式。 Three were killed and ten were missing in that accident. 在那起事故中，三人丧生，十人失踪。
考点4:与数词相关的主谓一致原则
2. 分数、百分数中的主谓一致 句子主语是“分数或百分数+ f + 名词或代词”的形式，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于f 介词短语中的名词或代词的数：如果 f 介词短语中的名词或代词为单数含义或为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式；如果 f 介词短语中名词或代词为复数含义，谓语动词也用复数形式。 Tw thirds f the earth is cvered with water. 地表的三分之二被水覆盖。 Tw thirds f the peple present are against the plan. 在场的人中有三分之二反对这项计划。3. “many a/mre than ne +单数名词”结构的主谓一致 如果主语是“many a/mre than ne + 单数名词”的形式，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式。 Many a student in this class has expected a lng break. 班级里的很多学生都期待能多休息一会儿。
1. 【2025年新高考全国Ⅱ卷（辽宁、重庆等省市）·语法填空】题目：Zhang is ______ (five) Chinese astrnaut t walk in space.答案与解析：✅ the fifth表示顺序（第五位宇航员）需用序数词，且序数词前必须加定冠词the。
2. 【2025年高考英语北京卷·完形填空】题目：Nearly 70% f the lake's water ______ (be) plluted by industrial waste.答案与解析：✅ has been主语"70% f the lake's water"中，water为不可数名词，谓语用单数has been
3. 【2025年天津市河西区一模·单项选择】题目：______ f the infrmatin ______ reliable fr the research.A. Three-fifth；is B. Three-fifths；areC. Three-fifths；is D. Three-fifth；are答案与解析：✅ C分子≥2时，分母用复数fifths（排除A、D）；infrmatin不可数，谓语用单数is。
4. 【2025年浙江省温州市二模·语法填空】题目：The scientist made the breakthrugh in ______ (he) frties, during ______ 2030s.答案与解析：✅ his；thein ne's frties（四十多岁）用物主代词his；年代表达：in the 2030s（21世纪30年代）需加the
5. 【2025年广东省深圳市三模·单项选择】题目：The winner will stay in ______ (suite) 1208 n ______ (twenty) flr.答案与解析：✅ Suite；the twentieth房间编号用基数词（Suite 1208）；楼层顺序用序数词（the twentieth flr）
6. 【2025年江苏省南京市一模·单项选择】题目：The new stadium is ______ the ld ne, cvering 20,000 square meters.A. three times as large as B. three times larger thanC. three times the size f D. three times as large than答案与解析：✅ A/C（两者均正确）three times as large as 或 three times the size f 均为标准倍数结构；选项B有歧义（可能误解为“比旧场馆大3倍”即新场馆=旧场馆×4）
7. 【2025年北京市海淀区二模·语法填空】题目：Abut ______ (three-furth) f the frest ______ (destry) by fire last year.答案与解析：✅ three-furths；was destryed分数：分子≥2时分母加-s（three-furths）；主语"three-furths f the frest"中，frest为不可数集合名词，谓语用单数was destryed
8. 【2025年上海市浦东新区三模·单项选择】题目：After failing twice, he attempted ______ time and finally succeeded.A. the third B. a thirdC. third D. three答案与解析：✅ B序数词前用a表“又一，再一”（非顺序），强调额外尝试
9. 【2025年四川省成都市一模·语法填空】题目：______ (thusand) f vlunteers jined the rescue after the earthquake.答案与解析：✅ Thusands表泛指数目（成千上万）时，thusand用复数且后接f
10. 【2025年湖北省武汉市二模·短文改错】题目：My grandmther began painting in her sixty, prving it's never t late t learn.答案与解析：✅ 将sixty改为sixties固定结构：in ne's + 整十基数词复数（in her sixties）
1. 综合化：单题融合多个考点（如题4同时考年龄+年代；题7考分数+时态+语态）。2. 语境化：分数/百分数结合环保数据（森林破坏、水质污染）；年代题挂钩科技突破 （如题4的"2030s"）。3. 易错强化：序数词冠词缺失（尤其楼层、世纪表达）；倍数结构歧义（优先选倍数 +as+adj.+as或倍数+the+size/length）。4. 写作应用：演讲稿/议论文中需正确使用数据（如"Three-fifths f students prefer..."）。
一、单句改错1. It is said the early Eurpean playing-cards were designed fr entertainment and educatin.2. There are abut three hundreds peple in the park n Natinal Day.3. This tree is three times as taller as that ne.4. What a nice weather it is tday!5. In fact this is a hard jb fr the plice t keep rder in an imprtant ftball match.
名词、代词、冠词、数词综合巩固练习
6. I ften see pens here and there in the rm, but I can never find it when I want t write.7. There are mre than fifty students in his class, but nly few f them like music.8. Did yu have any difficulties wrking ut the math prblem?9. At a mment she is n hliday, but she’ll be back tmrrw.10. In England as early as the twelve century, yung peple enjyed playing ftball.
二、在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. The plice gained a great deal f useful ________(infrm) abut the rganizatin.2. I wasn't interested in nvels, s I didn't get much ________(enjy) ut f that nvel.3. The railway statin is at a ________(distant) f tw miles frm ur schl.4. The ________ (interview) can get a chance t shw his cnfidence, wrking ability and educatinal backgrund.5. I wuld appreciate ______ if yu can help me t slve the technical prblem.6. In many ways, the educatin system in the US is nt very different frm ____ in the UK.7. Spain is ____ Eurpean cuntry.
interviewee
8. It was in 1956 _____ Susanna started the wrk n the garden.9. This e-dictinary desn't belng t _____(I).10. My parents are in ______(agree) n what clr t paint the huse.11. Every pssible means __________(use) t prevent the air pllutin, but the sky is still nt clear.12. I have finished a large part f the nvel written by Dickens, the rest f which ___ very difficult.13. —Hw abut _____ talent shw yesterday? — I shuld say it was _____ great success.
has been used
14. It is nt rare in the 1980s that peple in their ______(fifty) are ging t university fr further educatin.15. It tk thusands f peple many years ________(build) the Great Wall.16. I knew that ______ wuld ever discurage him; he wuld never give up wanting t be a directr.17. When writing, pay clse attentin t the ____(nine) r end paragraph in the translatin.18. This bridge is three times the ______(lng) f that ne.19. Yu may drp in r just give me a call. ______ will d.20. We shuld make every effrt t prevent vilence happening at schl，fr mre and mrestudents wuld drp ut f schl if their persnal _______(safe) culd nt be guaranteed.
三、单项选择1. Many peple in the west make _____ a rule t buy Chinese presents fr their relatives and friends. A. this B. it C. that D. them2. ____ f the land in that district cvered with trees and grass. A. tw fifth; is B. Tw fifth; are C. Tw fifths; is D. Tw fifths; are 3. —Bring me _____，please. —Hw wuld yu like it, black r white? A. cffee B. a cffee C. the cffee D. cffees4. I knw yu dn’t like ____ music very much. But what d yu think f ____ music in the film we saw yesterday? A. /; / B. the; the C. the; / D. /; the5. Tm made the same mistake fr ____ secnd time, drpping ____“n” in the wrd “gvernment”. A. a; / B. a; a C. the; / D. a; an
6. Miss Liu is in ___ charge f ur class and Class Tw is in ___ charge f Mr. Wang. A. a; / B. the; / C. /; the D. a; the7. The factry used 65 percent f the raw materials, the rest f which ____ saved fr ther purpses. A. is B. are C. was D. were8. A pet and artist ____ cming t speak t us abut Chinese literature and painting tmrrw afternn. A. is B. are C. was D. were9. We had a picnic last term and it was a lt f fun, s let's have _____ ne this mnth. A. the ther B. sme C. anther D. thers10. It is reprted that the single cuntry uses _____ energy as the whle f Eurpe. A. as three times B. three times much C. three times much as D. three times as much
四、阅读下列短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Line” is a simple, fur-letter wrd, but it has many ________(mean), making a simple wrd cmplex. Let's say a friend f _____(yu), Simne, is an accuntant. She has a gd jb and is in line fr _____ prmtin at wrk. Simne desn't make much mney. S, yu hpe she gets the high-level, better paying psitin. But, Simne desn't feel the same way. She has dreams f becming a prfessinal singer. She takes vice lessns every night and jins a singing grup n the weekends. These ______(activity) change her lifestyle. She stays ut late at night and cmes in late t wrk. And she ften sings at her desk! This _______(behave) puts the likelihd f her prmtin n the line.