江苏省泰州市姜堰区调研考试2024-2025学年高二下学期下6月期末真题英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份江苏省泰州市姜堰区调研考试2024-2025学年高二下学期下6月期末真题英语试卷（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分42.5分）
第一节（共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
After his baby sn lst an eye t retinblastma, a type f eye cancer, Bryan Shaw was reslved t help prevent thers frm experiencing the same heartbreak.
Like many new parents, Bryan and his wife, Elizabeth, began taking cuntless phts f their sn, Nah, frm the mment he was brn. When Nah was three mnths ld, Elizabeth nticed smething strange in his phts. While the flash created the usual red reflectin in ne eye, the ther eye shwed a white spt, as if smething was wrng.
Cncerned, Elizabeth tk Nah t their pediatrician（儿科医生）, wh examined him and saw the same white reflectin. She quickly referred them t an eye specialist. A white reflectin instead f a red ne can indicate retinal cancer, and unfrtunately, that was the diagnsis fr Nah. He underwent several mnths f chemtherapy and radiatin, but the dctrs culd nt save his eye.
Bryan, a chemistry prfessr at Baylr University, lked back ver thusands f Nah’s baby pictures. He discvered that the first white spt appeared in a pht taken when Nah was just 12 days ld. As Nah grew, the white spt appeared mre ften.
Althugh it was t late t help Nah, Bryan wanted t use his knwledge t benefit thers. He built a database t recrd cancer-related features bserved in the cllected phtgraphs. He als gathered images frm eight ther children diagnsed with retinblastma. With this infrmatin, Bryan teamed up with cmputer science clleagues at Baylr t develp a smartphne app that scans users’ pht libraries fr white reflectins in the eyes, acting as a kind f eye examinatin tl. This app, called White Eye Detectr, is nw available fr free n App Stres.
“I tld myself that I had t d this,” Bryan explained. “This disease is hard t detect. This sftware culd save nt nly visin but als lives.”
1. What can be learned abut Nah's cnditin frm paragraphs 2 and 3?
A. It was ttally ignred.B. It wrsened as he grew.
C. It remained unchanged ver time.D. It arse frm much flash expsure.
2. Why did Bryan develp White Eye Detectr?
A. T ease patients’ suffering.B. T imprve his sn’s eye cnditin.
C. T reduce the ccurrence f the disease.D. T help identify early signs f the cancer.
3. What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A. The applicatin f the app.B. The philsphy behind the app.
C. The prcess f designing the app.D. The technical supprt fr the app.
4. Which f the fllwing best describes Bryan?
A. Strict and demanding.B. Humble and ambitius.
C. Humrus and creative.D. Generus and determined.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Bryan Shaw的儿子Nah因视网膜母细胞瘤失去一只眼睛后，Bryan决心利用自己的知识开发智能手机应用程序，帮助他人尽早发现眼部癌症迹象的故事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When Nah was three mnths ld, Elizabeth nticed smething strange in his phts. (当Nah三个月大时，Elizabeth在他的照片中注意到了一些奇怪的现象)”以及第四段“He discvered that the first white spt appeared in a pht taken when Nah was just 12 days ld. As Nah grew, the white spt appeared mre ften. (他发现第一处白斑出现在Nah仅12天大的照片中。随着Nah长大，白斑出现得更加频繁)”可知，Nah的情况随着年龄增长而恶化。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Althugh it was t late t help Nah, Bryan wanted t use his knwledge t benefit thers. (尽管帮助Nah为时已晚，但Bryan希望用自己的知识造福他人)”以及最后一段“This disease is hard t detect.This sftware culd save nt nly visin but als lives. (这种疾病很难察觉。这款软件不仅可以挽救视力，还可以挽救生命)”可知，Bryan开发这款应用程序的目的是帮助早期发现癌症迹象。故选D项。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段开头“Althugh it was t late t help Nah, Bryan wanted t use his knwledge t benefit thers. He built a database t recrd cancer-related features bserved in the cllected phtgraphs. He als gathered images frm eight ther children diagnsed with retinblastma. With this infrmatin, Bryan teamed up with cmputer science clleagues at Baylr t develp a smartphne app that scans users’ pht libraries fr white reflectins in the eyes, acting as a kind f eye examinatin tl. This app, called White Eye Detectr, is nw available fr free n App Stres. (照片中观察到的与癌症相关的特征。他还从其他八名被诊断患有视网膜母细胞瘤的儿童那里收集了图像。有了这些信息，布莱恩与贝勒大学的计算机科学同事合作开发了一款智能手机应用程序，该程序可以扫描用户照片库中眼睛的白色反光，相当于一种眼部检查工具。这款名为 “白眼探测器” 的应用程序现已在应用商店免费提供。)”可知，本段主要描述了Bryan如何通过建立数据库、收集其他患儿的图像，并与计算机科学同事合作开发出这款应用程序的过程。故选C项。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段“After his baby sn lst an eye t retinblastma, a type f eye cancer, Bryan Shaw was reslved t help prevent thers frm experiencing the same heartbreak.(在他年幼的儿子因视网膜母细胞瘤（一种眼癌）失去一只眼睛后，布莱恩・肖下定决心要帮助其他人避免遭受同样的悲痛)”第五段“This app, called White Eye Detectr, is nw available fr free n App Stres.(这款名为 “白眼探测器” 的应用程序，目前在应用商店可免费获取。)”可知，Bryan在儿子患病后积极开发应用程序帮助他人，以及最后一段““I tld myself that I had t d this,” Bryan explained. (“我告诉自己必须要做这件事”，布莱恩解释道)”综上可以看出，Bryan是一个慷慨且坚定的人。故选D项。
B
Recent reprts such as the Wrld Wildlife Fund (WWF) Living Planet Reprt make it clear that ver the past 50 years, human activities have led t an average decline f 73 percent in glbal wildlife ppulatins, with sme regins reprting lsses f as much as 95 percent. In terms f bidiversity, the UK isn’t perfrming well either, named as ne f the mst nature-reduced cuntries in the wrld in The State f Nature Reprt 2023.
“Gardens play a vital rle in helping restre ur ecsystem. Nature desn’t generally stay still. It mves thrugh landscape, waterways, casts and seas. While cnserving individual species is essential, we knw that nature wn’t recver unless we make ur wild land, rivers and seas mre suitable fr wildlife as a whle. By maintaining a nature-friendly garden, gardeners help make it better fr wildlife, prviding a stepping stne fr nature between different places, and increasing the flexibility f ur ecsystem,” explained Dempsey f WWF-UK.
Accrding t Dempsey, we need t think beynd ur gardens in terms f hw they fit int wider landscape. By prviding nature-friendly habitats, gardens can be part f crridrs that let wildlife mve arund. Taking this small actin nt nly makes a difference t the surrunding ecsystem but can als bst peple’s md by cnnecting with nature and help relieve feelings f anxiety abut the future f ur natural wrld.
With a thughtful design, the gardens can preserve their artistic and practical value withut significant trades-ff. Instead, it can unlck new pprtunities t create greener and mre sustainable spaces. As Dempsey pints ut, if the UK’s 30 millin gardeners take psitive actins t prtect and supprt bidiversity, such as ging peat-free (无泥炭的) r switching t use rain water, this will have a significant impact n prtecting bidiversity.
5. What can we learn frm the recent reprts?
A. Bidiversity lss nly influences specific areas.
B. Human activities negatively affect wildlife ppulatins.
C. The glbal wildlife ppulatins have slightly decreased.
D. The UK is an exceptin with regard t bidiversity lss.
6. Hw can gardens help restre ur ecsystem accrding t Dempsey?
A. By increasing plant diversity.
B. By prtecting individual species.
C. By integrating int the surrundings.
D. By prviding a place fr peple t cnnect with nature.
7. What des the underlined wrd “trades-ff” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Adjustments.B. Benefits.C. Preparatins.D. Arrangements.
8. What is a suitable title fr the text?
A. UK’s Bidiversity CrisisB. Small Gardens, Big Impact
C. Glbal Wildlife Decline TrendsD. Individual Effrts, Much Difference
【答案】5. B 6. C 7. A 8. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述人类活动导致全球野生动物数量大幅下降，英国生物多样性问题严重，并强调花园通过融入自然景观、提供野生动物走廊等方式在恢复生态系统中的关键作用，提倡个人采取积极行动保护生物多样性。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Recent reprts such as the Wrld Wildlife Fund (WWF) Living Planet Reprt make it clear that ver the past 50 years, human activities have led t an average decline f 73 percent in glbal wildlife ppulatins, with sme regins reprting lsses f as much as 95 percent.(世界自然基金会（WWF）的《地球生命力报告》等最新报告明确指出，在过去的50年里，人类活动导致全球野生动物数量平均下降了73%，一些地区的野生动物数量甚至下降了高达95%)”可知，人类活动对野生动物种群产生了负面影响。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Gardens play a vital rle in helping restre ur ecsystem.(花园在帮助恢复生态系统方面发挥着关键作用)”及“By maintaining a nature-friendly garden, gardeners help make it better fr wildlife, prviding a stepping stne fr nature between different places, and increasing the flexibility f ur ecsystem(通过打造生态友好型花园，园艺爱好者能帮助改善野生动物的生存环境，为不同区域的自然生态提供过渡支点，并增强生态系统的适应性)”和第三段中“Accrding t Dempsey, we need t think beynd ur gardens in terms f hw they fit int wider landscape. By prviding nature-friendly habitats, gardens can be part f crridrs that let wildlife mve arund.(Dempsey认为，我们需要超越花园本身，考虑它们如何融入更广阔的环境。通过提供对自然友好的栖息地，花园可以成为让野生动物自由移动的走廊的一部分)”可推知，花园可以通过融入周围环境来帮助恢复生态系统。故选C。
【7题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中“With a thughtful design, the gardens can preserve their artistic and practical value withut significant trades-ff. Instead, it can unlck new pprtunities t create greener and mre sustainable spaces.(通过精心设计，花园可以在不做出重大trades-ff的情况下保持其艺术和实用价值。相反，它可以为创造更绿色、更可持续的空间开辟新的机会)”可知，此处是指精心设计花园可以在不做出重大调整的情况下实现环保和可持续性，因此trades-ff在此处的意思是“妥协，调整”，与选项A“Adjustments(调整)”意思相近。故选A。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段中“Gardens play a vital rle in helping restre ur ecsystem.(花园在帮助恢复生态系统方面发挥着关键作用)”以及最后一段中“As Dempsey pints ut, if the UK’s 30 millin gardeners take psitive actins t prtect and supprt bidiversity, such as ging peat-free (无泥炭的) r switching t use rain water, this will have a significant impact n prtecting bidiversity.(正如Dempsey所指出的，如果英国3000万园丁采取积极行动保护和支持生物多样性，比如使用无泥炭土壤或改用雨水，这将对保护生物多样性产生重大影响)”可知，文章主要讲述了花园在保护生物多样性和恢复生态系统方面的重要作用。B选项“Small Gardens, Big Impact(小花园，大影响)”符合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B。
C
“Yu may feel a sharp pain, but it will be ver quickly.” Befre a certain kind f vaccine was injected int ur arms, mst f us prbably heard the wrds abve. After the anticipated pain, the nurse r dctr likely tld us pssible side effects. And the nurse's warning was rather specific: “Arund 12 hurs frm nw yu may experience a pain in yur arm r feel flu symptms. But dn't wrry,” the nurse aimed t cmfrt them. “This can be easily managed by a painkiller.”
Like clckwrk, 12 hurs later, the symptms appeared. Of curse, dctrs and nurses didn't mean t hurt patients but t ensure patients were fully infrmed. Hwever, as ur research shws, their wrds might unintentinally enhance the effects f an unnticed psychlgical phenmenn called the “nceb effect”, a kind f harm arising frm negative expectatins. And it happens when we expect t feel wrse.
In 2022, Julia Haas, a Harvard researcher led a review f vaccine clinical trial data and cncluded that the nceb phenmenn culd accunt fr three quarters f the side effects assciated with vaccines. The evidence fr this shcking finding cmes by cmparing side effects between patients given the saline（生理盐水）sht and thse receiving the real sht in the vaccine trials. Thse receiving nly a saline injectin with n effect n the bdy still reprted many side effects. It's pssible that sme f these effects might have been due t incrrect “symptm assumptin.”
At any given time, sme f us may experience lw grade aches and pains, including headaches, r tiredness, and knwing that the vaccine may cause these effects might draw ur attentin t symptms we are experiencing. Alternatively, sme negative symptms might have been caused r wrsened by nceb effects.
The majrity f the wrld's ppulatin skipped shts, mainly because f fears abut the vaccine's side effects. It's hard t imagine that a humble mind-bdy effect might have played such a rle. But they shuld think again. Being infrmed is imprtant, but it's as equally imprtant t remember that wrds matter. Let's nt delay the “nceb” cnversatin.
9. What can be learned abut side effects f the vaccine frm paragraphs 1 and 2?
A. They can be avided by painkillers.B. They must be caused by the vaccine.
C. They may result frm wrse thughts.D. They may be deliberately verstated by nurses.
10. What can be cncluded abut the patients in Julia Haas's review?
A. They suffered frm a certain disease.
B. They received the same sht in the trials.
C. They helped test the efficiency f the vaccine.
D. They were pssibly affected by nceb effects.
11. Which f the fllwing is linked t nceb effects?
A. Experiencing headaches after a warning.
B. Getting better by taking sme painkillers.
C. Becming relaxed after an imprtant exam.
D. Feeling anxius abut the cming challenge.
12. The authr writes this passage mainly t ______.
A. stress the value f vaccines
B. study side effects f vaccines
C. call fr attentin t the impact f wrds
D. attach imprtance t timely cmmunicatin
【答案】9. C 10. D 11. A 12. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了疫苗接种过程中存在的 “反安慰剂效应”。医生和护士告知可能出现的副作用，本意是让患者充分知情，但可能无意间增强了反安慰剂效应，导致部分副作用可能并非疫苗本身所致，而是由负面预期引发。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“After the anticipated pain, the nurse r dctr likely tld us pssible side effects. And the nurse's warning was rather specific: “Arund 12 hurs frm nw yu may experience a pain in yur arm r feel flu symptms. But dn't wrry,” the nurse aimed t cmfrt them. “This can be easily managed by a painkiller.””（在预期的疼痛之后，护士或医生可能会告诉我们可能的副作用。护士的警告相当具体：“大约12小时后，你可能会感到手臂疼痛或出现流感症状。但别担心，”护士旨在安慰他们。“这很容易用止痛药来控制。”）可知，可能出现副作用，第二段“Hwever, as ur research shws, their wrds might unintentinally enhance the effects f an unnticed psychlgical phenmenn called the “nceb effect”, a kind f harm arising frm negative expectatins. And it happens when we expect t feel wrse.(然而，正如我们的研究所显示的，他们的话可能无意中增强了一种未被注意到的心理现象 ——“反安慰剂效应”的影响，这是一种由负面预期产生的伤害。当我们预期感觉更糟时，这种效应就会发生)” 可知，疫苗副作用可能是由更糟糕的想法（负面预期）导致的。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In 2022, Julia Haas, a Harvard researcher led a review f vaccine clinical trial data and cncluded that the nceb phenmenn culd accunt fr three quarters f the side effects assciated with vaccines. The evidence fr this shcking finding cmes by cmparing side effects between patients given the saline（生理盐水）sht and thse receiving the real sht in the vaccine trials. Thse receiving nly a saline injectin with n effect n the bdy still reprted many side effects.(2022 年，哈佛大学研究员朱莉娅・哈斯对疫苗临床试验数据进行回顾，得出结论：反安慰剂现象可能占与疫苗相关副作用的四分之三。这一惊人发现的证据来自于比较疫苗试验中接受生理盐水注射的患者和接受真正疫苗注射的患者之间的副作用。那些只接受对身体无作用的生理盐水注射的患者仍然报告了许多副作用)” 可知，接受生理盐水注射的患者也报告有副作用，说明这些患者可能受到了反安慰剂效应的影响。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段 “At any given time, sme f us may experience lw grade aches and pains, including headaches, r tiredness, and knwing that the vaccine may cause these effects might draw ur attentin t symptms we are experiencing. Alternatively, sme negative symptms might have been caused r wrsened by nceb effects.(在任何时候，我们中的一些人可能会经历轻微的疼痛和不适，包括头痛或疲劳，并且知道疫苗可能会导致这些影响，这可能会使我们将注意力集中在我们正在经历的症状上。或者，一些负面症状可能是由反安慰剂效应引起或加剧的)” 可知，在得到可能出现症状的警告后经历头痛，符合反安慰剂效应的情况。故选A。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Being infrmed is imprtant, but it's as equally imprtant t remember that wrds matter. Let's nt delay the “nceb” cnversatin.(被告知信息很重要，但同样的，记住语言也很重要。我们不要拖延关于“反安慰剂”的讨论)” 可知，作者写本文主要是呼吁关注语言的影响。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Walking is a lw-impact activity as it is gentle n the jints. Generally, the mre steps yu aim fr a day, the better. ___13___ That is a number thrwn ut there mre f a marketing strategy. Here are sme ways t increase yur steps and make achieving yur gal extra fun.
Stp texting peple wh are nearby. What d yu d when yu want t talk t smene upstairs? Yu prbably text. Instead, get up, walk and cmmunicate with them face t face. ___14___ Mrever, the increased face-t-face cmmunicatin will enrich yur scial life, bringing mre jy t yur relatinships.
___15___ Smetimes yu fail t reach yur daily walking targets because f sme external factrs such as cld weather. In this case, yu can chse t climb the stairs a certain number f times every day. It’s an incredible way t build endurance, pwer and strength. There are a lt f ther great ways t take advantage f indr mvement such as running n a treadmill (跑步机).
Walk in place during televisin shws. When yu are watching nn-streaming TV, stand up every time there is a cmmercial break. ___16___ Other studies have fund that three ne-minute bursts f activity everyday prmtes lngevity and that stepping in place during TV cmmercials can indeed increase physical activity and daily steps.
Bring in a walkut partner r jin a walking club. Walking with a grup helps yu stay cmmitted and can make exercising mre fun. There are als a variety f mental health benefits, including reduced lneliness. If there isn’t ne club yu can jin, yu might cnsider launching yur wn. Dn’t be scared f taking that first step. ___17___
Walking isn’t just abut hitting a number. With small changes, yu can squeeze in mre steps sustainably and enjyably.
A. Climb the stairs.
B. Design an indr circuit.
C. But dn’t wrry if yu fail t meet the 10000-per-day gal.
D. Yu will be amazed t find that yur daily step cunt will sht up.
E. Yu never knw wh yu’re ging t meet r wh will want t jin.
F. Research shws that interrupting lng-lasting sitting may reduce assciated health risks.
G. Study indicates that walking can help with weight management and bld sugar cntrl.
【答案】13. C 14. D 15. B 16. F 17. E
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述增加走路步数且让走路过程更有趣的方法。
【13题详解】
根据下文“That is a number thrwn ut there mre f a marketing strategy.(这个数字更像是一种营销策略)”可知，空处应是提及数字，C项“但是如果你没能达到每天一万步的目标也不用担心”符合语境，故选C。
【14题详解】
根据下文“Mrever, the increased face-t-face cmmunicatin will enrich yur scial life, bringing mre jy t yur relatinships.(此外，面对面交流的增加会丰富你的社交生活，给你的人际关系带来更多的快乐)”可知，空处应是和下文并列说明面对面交流的好处，D项“你会惊奇地发现你每天的步数会急剧上升”符合语境，故选D。
【15题详解】
根据本段内容“In this case, yu can chse t climb the stairs a certain number f times every day. It’s an incredible way t build endurance, pwer and strength. There are a lt f ther great ways t take advantage f indr mvement such as running n a treadmill (跑步机).(在这种情况下，你可以选择每天爬一定次数的楼梯。这是一种培养耐力、力量和力量的不可思议的方式。还有很多其他很好的方法可以利用室内运动，比如在跑步机上跑步)”可知，本段是建议爬楼梯或其他室内运动，B项“设计一条室内路线”符合语境，故选B。
【16题详解】
上文“When yu are watching nn-streaming TV, stand up every time there is a cmmercial break.(当你在看非流媒体电视时，每次有广告时间就站起来)”建议看电视时在广告时间站起来，F项“研究表明，打断长时间坐着可能会降低相关的健康风险”为上文提供研究支持，后文“Other studies have fund that three ne-minute bursts f activity everyday prmtes lngevity and that stepping in place during TV cmmercials can indeed increase physical activity and daily steps.(其他研究发现，每天三次一分钟的运动可以延长寿命，在电视广告期间站起来确实可以增加身体活动和每日步数)”进一步补充证据，衔接紧密，故选F。
【17题详解】
上文“If there isn’t ne club yu can jin, yu might cnsider launching yur wn. Dn’t be scared f taking that first step.(如果没有一个你可以加入的俱乐部，你可以考虑自己成立一个。不要害怕迈出第一步)”建议自己创办一个步行俱乐部，选项E“你永远不知道你会遇到谁，谁会想加入”强调创办俱乐部后未知的社交机会，呼应主题句中“jin a walking club(加入一个俱乐部)”，符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分37.5分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In a histric milestne fr space explratin, the Eurpean Space Agency (ESA) has annunced that Paralympian (残奥会运动员) and surgen Jhn McFall has cmpleted his training. He is nw ____18____ qualified fr an internatinal space missin, becming the first astrnaut with a physical disability.
Jhn lst his leg at the age f 19 ____19____ a serius mtrbike accident. In a vide interview ____20____ by the ESA, he talks abut hw he has always been ____21____ abut science and space explratin, and hw he didn’t think it was ____22____ fr an amputee (截肢者) t becme an astrnaut.
In 2022, he was ____23____ t take part in Fly!, ESA’s feasibility (可行性) study ____24____ the pssibilities f smene physically challenged beginning a lng-duratin space missin.
Fllwing a tw-year perid f ____25____ research examining ptential challenges, it was ____26____ that it was very much pssible.
Speaking in a recent media briefing fr Fly! , Jhn said, “I feel hugely ____27____... What’s really interesting is this isn’t abut me, this is much bigger than that, because this is a ____28____ in traditinal belief. This is smething that has nt been dne befre...” The next phase is “Missin Ready”, which will ____29____ making preparatins fr a safe and successful missin, if there shuld be a flight ____30____.
Thugh Jhn hasn’t ____31____ a missin just yet, it marks a huge milestne fr space travel and inclusivity, breaking ____32____ that g beynd Earth.
18. A. ecnmicallyB. academicallyC. medicallyD. emtinally
19. A. fllwingB. preventingC. avidingD. witnessing
20. A. ppsedB. justifiedC. qutedD. psted
21. A. particularB. passinateC. uncertainD. cautius
22. A. pssibleB. legalC. matureD. decent
23. A. frcedB. threatenedC. selectedD. frbidden
24. A. displayingB. investigatingC. dismissingD. negating
25. A. extensiveB. cntradictryC. thereticalD. randm
26. A. estimatedB. negtiatedC. predictedD. cncluded
27. A. prudB. guiltyC. upsetD. cmfrtable
28. A. shiftB. frictinC. interventinD. prejudice
29. A. resistB. advcateC. invlveD. delay
30. A. guidanceB. pprtunityC. drillD. rute
31. A. canceled utB. apprved fC. carried utD. weighed up
32. A. habitsB. prmisesC. rulesD. barriers
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了残奥运动员约翰·麦克福尔成为首位身体有残疾的宇航员的故事。
【18题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他现在已具备医学资格，可以参加国际太空任务，成为首位有身体残疾的宇航员。A. ecnmically经济上；B. academically学术上；C. medically医学上；D. emtinally情感上。根据上文“Paralympian (残奥会运动员) and surgen Jhn McFall has cmpleted his training”及语境可知，成为宇航员需要通过医学方面的资格认证，且Jhn作为截肢者，此处强调其身体条件通过医学评估。故选C。
【19题详解】
考查动词和介词词义辨析。句意：Jhn在19岁时在一场严重的摩托车事故后失去了一条腿。A. fllwing在……之后（介词）；B. preventing阻止；C. aviding避免；D. witnessing目击。根据下文“a serius mtrbike accident”可知，事故发生后导致截肢，因此用fllwing表示“在……之后”表示时间先后关系。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在欧洲航天局发布的一段视频采访中，他谈到了自己一直对科学和太空探索充满热情，以及他从未想过截肢者能成为宇航员。A. ppsed反对；B. justified证明……有理；C. quted引用；D. psted发布。根据句意及下文“by the ESA”可知，视频采访是被欧洲航天局发布的。故选D。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. particular特别的；B. passinate热情的；C. uncertain不确定的；D. cautius谨慎的。根据下文“abut science and space explratin”及他最终成为宇航员的事实可知，Jhn对科学和太空探索有热情。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. pssible可能的；B. legal合法的；C. mature成熟的；D. decent得体的。根据下文“fr an amputee (截肢者) t becme an astrnaut”可知，Jhn从未想过截肢者能成为宇航员，即他认为这是不可能的。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2022年，他被选中参加欧洲航天局的可行性研究“Fly!”，该研究调查了身体有挑战的人开始长期太空任务的可能性。A. frced强迫；B. threatened威胁；C. selected选择；D. frbidden禁止。根据下文“t take part in Fly!”可知，Jhn被选中参加研究。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. displaying展示；B. investigating调查；C. dismissing解雇；D. negating否定。根据上文“feasibility (可行性) study”可知，研究的目的是调查可能性。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过两年的广泛研究，考察了潜在挑战，研究得出结论，这是完全可能的。A. extensive广泛的；B. cntradictry矛盾的；C. theretical理论的；D. randm随机的。根据上文“a tw-year perid”及下文“examining ptential challenges”可知，研究持续时间长且全面，考察了潜在挑战，因此是广泛的。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. estimated估计；B. negtiated谈判；C. predicted预测；D. cncluded得出结论。根据上文“Fllwing a tw-year perid f research”及下文“that it was very much pssible”可知，研究之后得出了结论。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在最近的一次“Fly!”项目的媒体简报会上，Jhn说：“我感到非常自豪……真正有趣的是，这不仅仅关乎我个人，这比那要大得多，因为这是对传统观念的一次转变。”A. prud自豪的；B. guilty内疚的；C. upset沮丧的；D. cmfrtable舒适的。根据上文“becming the first astrnaut with a physical disability”可知，他成为首位残疾宇航员，这是值得自豪的事。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. shift转变；B. frictin摩擦；C. interventin干预；D. prejudice偏见。根据下文“This is smething that has nt been dne befre”可知，他的成功打破了传统观念，是一种转变。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下一阶段是“任务准备”，如果有飞行机会，该阶段将包括为安全成功的任务做准备。A. resist抵抗；B. advcate提倡；C. invlve涉及；D. delay延迟。根据下文“making preparatins fr a safe and successful missin”可知，这是“任务准备”阶段的具体内容，即下一阶段涉及为任务做准备。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. guidance指导；B. pprtunity机会；C. drill演习；D. rute路线。根据上文“if there shuld be a flight”可知，此处指存在飞行机会时。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然Jhn还没有执行过任务，但这标志着太空旅行和包容性的巨大里程碑，打破了超越地球的障碍。A. canceled ut抵消；B. apprved f批准；C. carried ut执行；D. weighed up权衡。根据下文“a missin just yet”可知，此处指尚未执行任务。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. habits习惯；B. prmises承诺；C. rules规则；D. barriers障碍。根据上文“this is a in traditinal belief. This is smething that has nt been dne befre”可知，他的成功打破了障碍。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On February 23, China released it’s “N.1 Central Dcument” fr 2025, marking the first plicy statements issued by the cuntry’s central authrities this year, ___33___ nce again highlights the imprtance f agriculture, rural areas and rural residents.
China’s rural revival builds n the success f the natinwide pverty ___34___ (relieve) campaign, which ___35___ (end) abslute pverty by the end f 2020.
In the past years, ___36___ faced with serius natural disasters, China has managed t make advances in agriculture and rural develpment, with grain prductin ___37___ (reach) a recrd high f 700 billin kilgrams.
The dcument identifies fd security ___38___ a fundamental bjective, emphasizing the need ___39___ (ensure) natural fd security and sustainable green prductin. ___40___ (additinal), the dcument stresses deepening refrms by extending rural land cntracts and allwing flexible use f huse land.
Facing a wrld ___41___ (characterize) by uncertainties in internatinal fd supply chains ___42___ the challenges psed by extreme weather, this dcument is f great imprtance nt nly fr China but als fr the internatinal cmmunity.
【答案】33. which 34. relief 35. had ended 36. thugh/althugh 37. reaching 38. as 39. t ensure 40. Additinally 41. characterized 42. and
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了2025年中国“中央一号文件”强调农业、农村和农民问题的重要性，总结脱贫攻坚成就，提出保障粮食安全和推动乡村振兴的政策措施。
【33题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2月23日，中国发布了2025年的“一号中央文件”，这是今年中国中央政府发布的第一份政策声明，再次强调了农业、农村和农村居民的重要性。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“N.1 Central Dcument”，且在从句中作主语，指物，所以应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国的乡村振兴建立在全国扶贫攻坚战成功的基础上，到2020年底，中国已经消除了绝对贫困。根据空前“the natinwide pverty”可知，空处应用名词relief，构成名词短语pverty relief，意为“扶贫”。故填relief。
【35题详解】
考查时态。句意：中国的农村复兴建立在全国扶贫攻坚战成功的基础上，到2020年底，中国已经消除了绝对贫困。空处作定语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语“by the end f 2020”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作，应用过去完成时had dne结构。故填had ended。
【36题详解】
考查连词。句意：在过去的几年里，尽管面临着严重的自然灾害，中国还是在农业和农村发展方面取得了进展，粮食产量达到了创纪录的7000亿公斤。根据句意可知，前后句之间为让步关系，应用连词thugh或althugh引导让步状语从句，完整句子应为thugh/althugh China was faced with serius natural disasters，其中从句主语与主句主语一致，且包含be动词，因此可省略主语和be动词，简化为thugh/althugh faced with serius natural disasters。故填thugh/althugh。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，尽管面临着严重的自然灾害，中国还是在农业和农村发展方面取得了进展，粮食产量达到了创纪录的7000亿公斤。空处应用非谓语动词作宾语补足语，reach与逻辑主语grain prductin之间为主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式reaching。故填reaching。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：该文件将粮食安全视为基本目标，强调需要确保自然粮食安全和可持续绿色生产。为固定短语，意为“将……视为……”，故空处应用介词as。故填as。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该文件将粮食安全视为基本目标，强调需要确保自然粮食安全和可持续绿色生产。the need t d sth.为固定结构，意为“做某事的需要”，故空处应用不定式形式t ensure作后置定语。故填t ensure。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：此外，该文件强调通过延长农村土地承包期和允许灵活使用宅基地来深化改革。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式additinally，作状语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Additinally。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：面对国际粮食供应链的不确定性和极端天气带来的挑战，这份文件不仅对中国，而且对国际社会都具有重要意义。空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词wrld，characterize与逻辑主语wrld之间为被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式characterized。故填characterized。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：面对国际粮食供应链的不确定性和极端天气带来的挑战，这份文件不仅对中国，而且对国际社会都具有重要意义。空处连接两个并列宾语“uncertainties in internatinal fd supply chains”和“the challenges psed by extreme weather”，表示并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
第三节（共15小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分）
根据首字母或中文提示写出单词，并注意所填单词的适当形式。
43. True friendship requires that friends t______ each ther’s shrtcmings as they grw tgether. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】tlerate/lerate
【详解】考查动词。句意：真正的友谊要求朋友在共同成长的过程中容忍彼此的缺点。根据单词首字母以及句意“容忍”可知，空格处涉及单词“tlerate”，意为“容忍”，动词词性，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“friends”后接动词原形。故填tlerate。
44. It wn’t be lng befre my classmates can learn t be r______ t the temptatin f nline games. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】resistant/esistant
【详解】考查形容词。句意：用不了多久，我的同学们就能学会抵制网络游戏的诱惑。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处应用形容词resistant“抵抗的，抵制的”，作表语，构成固定短语be resistant t，意为“对……有抵抗力，抵制……”。故填resistant。
45. The kid mistk a stranger fr his mther, and that made him very e______. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】embarrassed/mbarrassed
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个孩子把一个陌生人错认成了他的妈妈，这让他非常尴尬。根据首字母“e”及语境“The kid mistk a stranger fr his mther”可知，此处应为形容词embarrassed“尴尬的、窘迫的”作宾补，用于描述人因尴尬情境产生的情绪，符合“错认陌生人导致难堪”的语义逻辑。故填embarrassed。
46. My email address c______ with the ne I prvided n my jb applicatin, ensuring emplyers can reach me easily. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】crrespnds/rrespnds
【详解】考查动词。句意：我的电子邮件地址与我在求职申请中提供的一致，确保雇主能轻松联系到我。根据首字母c及句意可知，空处表示“与……一致”，应用动词crrespnd，crrespnd with意为“与……一致”，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语My email address为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填crrespnds。
47. This s______ lecture hall can accmmdate ver 500 peple, making it suitable fr hsting large-scale academic cnferences and public lectures. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】spacius/pacius
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个宽敞的演讲厅可容纳500多人，非常适合举办大型学术会议和公开讲座。根据单词首字母以及句意“宽敞的”以及后文名词短语lecture hall，可知应填形容词spacius，作定语修饰名词。故填spacius。
48. The survey shws that teenagers’ p______ f happiness is clsely related t their family cmmunicatin and scial relatinships. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】perceptin/erceptin
【详解】考查名词。句意：调查显示，青少年对幸福的看法与他们家庭的沟通和社会关系密切相关。根据首字母和句意，空格处应填入名词perceptin，表示“看法；感知”，作主语。故填perceptin。
49. Setting specific and c______ learning gals is ne way t make lifelng learning a habit. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】cncrete/ncrete
【详解】考查形容词。句意：设定具体且明确的学习目标是养成终身学习习惯的一种方式。根据句意和首字母c以及空格前的specific可知，空格处应该用形容词cncrete与specific并列作定语，修饰下文的learning gals。故填cncrete。
50. A ship withut an anchr is at the mercy f waves and winds; l______ , a persn withut a sense f respnsibility is at the mercy f their careless and thughtless behavir. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】likewise/ikewise
【详解】考查副词。句意：没有锚的船只能任凭风浪摆布；同样，一个没有责任感的人也会任凭自己粗心大意、不计后果的行为摆布。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处应用副词likewise，意为“同样地”，修饰整个句子，作状语，表示前后两种情况的相似性。故填likewise。
51. He ndded, ______ (假装) that he understd every wrd she had said. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】pretending
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他点了点头，假装听懂了她说的每一个字。根据汉语提示“假装”可知，空格处涉及单词“pretend”，意为“假装”，动词词性，句中有谓语动词“ndded”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“He”和“pretend”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“pretend”的现在分词“pretending”作状语。故填pretending。
52. Due t the tight ______ (预算), we had t cancel the team-building trip and rganize a simple gathering in the ffice instead. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】budget
【详解】考查名词。句意：由于预算紧张，我们不得不取消团建旅行，转而在办公室组织一次简单的聚会。根据汉语提示“预算”可知，此处应用名词budget作介词t的宾语，此处budget为不可数名词。故填budget。
53. The tur guide is ______ (博学的) abut the lcal custms and traditins, which in turn helps prmte the lcal turism. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】knwledgeable
【详解】考查形容词。句意：导游了解当地的风俗习惯，这反过来又有助于促进当地的旅游业。根据汉语提示和空格前的is可知，空格处应该用形容词knwledgeable作表语。故填knwledgeable。
54. Offering a discunt n the service, the stre wner hped t attract mre clients, nly t be ______(批评)by the custmers. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】criticized
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：店主提供服务折扣，希望能吸引更多客户，结果却被顾客批评了。根据汉语提示，结合句意和句子结构：nly t be + 过去分词，表示出乎意料的结果，空格处应填入criticized，表示“被批评”。故填criticized。
55. A gentle breeze was blwing, ______ (使……起皱纹) the lake with a series f delicate ripples that danced far away. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】wrinkling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：微风轻轻吹拂，湖面泛起圈圈涟漪，粼粼波纹闪烁着，跳跃着，向远方荡漾开去。“使……起皱纹”应该用动词wrinkle，空格处作状语，动词wrinkle与句子的主语A gentle breeze之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词wrinkling。故填wrinkling。
56. Yu’d better keep the list f numbers near the phne fr cnvenient______(参考)。(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】reference
【详解】考查名词。句意：你最好把数字列表放在电话旁边以便参考。根据汉语提示“参考”，空格处应填入reference，表示“参考；参照”作宾语。故填reference。
57. She ______(暂时)put aside her persnal plans and devted herself t helping thse affected by the natural disaster. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】temprarily
【详解】考查副词。句意：她将个人计划暂时搁置，全身心地投入到帮助那些受自然灾害影响的人中。根据括号中的汉语提示表示“暂时地”用副词temprarily，修饰动词短语put aside作状语。故填temprarily。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
58. 假定你是李华，近期你参加了一次社会实践活动。请给你的英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
1.活动内容：
2.你的感想。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右：
2.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Chris,
I’m excited t tell yu abut my latest scial practice. Last weekend, I vlunteered at a lcal nursing hme. We helped clean the rms, chatted with the elderly, and even rganized a mini cncert. Their smiles and stries abut their yuth made the time fly by.
This experience taught me that small acts f kindness can bring great jy. It als made me realize the imprtance f respecting and caring fr the elderly. I felt a strng sense f fulfillment and can’t wait t jin similar activities again.
Lking frward t yur reply!
Yurs,
Li Hua
59. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Muntain’s Gift
The autumn sun cast lng shadws as Kevin and his grandpa set ut int the muntains a third time this week. They hped t find mre fd t survive the lng winter ahead.
Deep within the heart f the muntains, a wnderful mix f flavrs awaited, a delicius salute (致敬) t the rugh beauty and clrful genersity f nature. As they walked alng the winding paths and climbed up, a wrld f amazing fd unflded, each ffering a unique taste f the wild.
Their breath puffed ut (呼出) in white cluds, and yellw fallen leaves crunched (嘎吱响) under Kevin’s bts. Grandpa hiked ahead with a waist-high basket, a canvas bag at his hip filled with last night’s dried mushrms — the first harvest f the week.
As they walked, grandpa pinted ut wild herbs and hidden berries. “Lk clsely, Kevin,” he said. “The muntain always prvides, but we must take nly what we deserve.” Kevin ndded, his eyes wide with curisity. By nn, they rested beneath an ld maple tree. Grandpa pulled their lunch frm his clth bag, sme rasted sweet ptates. Then, warm and sugary smell spread in the chilly air. Grandpa als picked sme eatable fruits frm nearby trees.
Meanwhile, Kevin wandered arund, explring and searching. Suddenly, an unexpected mvement caught his attentin. A small squirrel with a bushy tail dashed acrss the path, carrying a large nut in its muth. “Let me see where it’s ging,” Kevin whispered t himself excitedly. He fllwed the squirrel thrugh the trees until it disappeared int a big hle in an ld ak tree.
Lking inside, Kevin was frzen with surprise. The hle was filled with nuts f every kind. “There must be hundreds!” he cried ut. Withut thinking, he began stuffing the nuts int his basket. “We can use these! We wn’t have t wrry abut fd this winter!” After filling his basket, Kevin quickly returned t jin his grandpa, shwing his “achievement”. With excitement and pride, he tld grandpa hw he gained all these nuts.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Grandpa shk his head, with a serius lk n his face.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hearing thse wrds, Kevin was lst in thught.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Grandpa shk his head, with a serius lk n his face. “Kevin,” he said sftly but firmly, “thse nuts aren’t urs t take. That’s the squirrel’s winter stre. Taking it wuld leave the little creature hungry, even starve. Remember what I said? We take nly what we deserve, what nature freely ffers withut harming thers. What yu fund was hidden by the squirrel, nt grwn wild fr us.” He paused, lking at the verflwing basket. “The muntain prvides generusly, but we must respect all its children and share its gifts wisely.”
Hearing thse wrds, Kevin was lst in thught. He lked dwn at the nuts, then back twards the ld ak tree. Grandpa was right; his excitement had blinded him t the squirrel’s need. Shame washed ver him. “I… I didn’t think,” he mumbled. Withut anther wrd, Kevin picked up the basket. Determined, he walked back t the ak tree and carefully pured all the nuts back int the hllw. As he returned, a sense f peace replaced his earlier pride. The muntain had indeed given him a gift far mre valuable than nuts — a lessn in respect and understanding the true meaning f taking nly what ne deserves.