专题6 句子的成分（精讲课件）-备战2025年中考英语语法复习全攻略（全国通用）

这是一份专题6 句子的成分（精讲课件）-备战2025年中考英语语法复习全攻略（全国通用），共21页。PPT课件主要包含了主 语，谓 语，表 语，宾 语，定 语，状 语，同 位 语，补 足 语等内容，欢迎下载使用。
组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、定语、状语、同位语、补足语(宾语补足语、主语补足语)。
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分；表语、宾语和宾语补足语是句子的连带成分；定语、状语等是句子的附加成分。
在句子中的顺序一般是：主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语，表语、定语、状语、同位语的位置要根据情况而定。
主语表示句子说的是什么人或什么事，一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、短语或从句来充当。
名词作主语Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。Running is gd fr health. 跑步有益健康。Dgs are very friendly. 狗很友好。The team is celebrating their victry. 这个团队正在庆祝他们的胜利。
谓语说明主语做什么、是什么或怎么样，可以有不同的时态、语态和语气。
动词短语作谓语，为一般过去时The plane tk ff at ten 'clck.飞机十点起飞。I tk part in the cmpetitin last week.我上周参加了比赛。系动词+表语作谓语，为一般现在时We are students. 我们是学生。The sup smells delicius.这汤闻起来很香。
表语与连系动词连用，一起构成谓语，说明主语的性质或特征。一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、短语或从句等来充当。名词作表语 Our English teacher is an American. 我们的英语老师是美国人。 That man ver there is my brther.那边的那个男人是我的兄弟。介词短语作表语The meeting is f great imprtance.这个会议很重要。The library is near the schl.图书馆在学校附近。
宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词或介词后面，可由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式等来充当。另外，有些及物动词可以带两个宾语。表示动作的承受者，一般是物的是直接宾语；表示动作是对谁或为谁做的，一般是人的是间接宾语。有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语， 即宾语补足语，意思才书，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。
宾语补足语They painted the dr red.他们把门刷成了红色。He asked me t cme early.他要求我早点来。They fund the by crying in the crner.他们发现那个男孩在角落里哭泣。I heard her sing a sng.我听到她唱了一首歌。
在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。用作定语的主要是形容词、代词、时间、名词、副词、动词不定式、介词短语等。形容词、代词、数词、名词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面，称为前置定语。
Guilin is a beautiful city. 桂林是座美丽的城市。This is a stne table. 这是石头桌子。副词、动词不定式、介词短语等作定语时，则通常放在被修饰词的后面，尔为后置定语。
The bk n the shelf is mine. 放在架子上的书是我的。Our mnitr is always the first t enter the classrm.我们班长总是第一个进教室。The cat in the clset is hers.壁橱里的外套是她的。 The bike under the tree is theirs.树下的自行车是他们的。
修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分叫状语，说明动作的时间、地点、方式、程度等。用作状语的通常是副词、介词短语、不定式和从句等。
介词短语作地点状语Tm lives n the third flr. Tm 住在三楼。The bk is placed beside the cmputer. 书被放在电脑旁边。We saw a beautiful flwer in the garden. 我们在花园里看到了一朵漂亮的花。从句作条件状语I shall g there if it desn't rain. 如果不下雨,我就去那里。Yu wn't get gd grades unless yu wrk hard.除非你努力学习，否则你不会取得好成绩。 We can be friends as lng as we respect each ther.只要我们相互尊重，我们就能成为朋友。
用于说明前面某一个名词或代词的内容的成分叫同位语， 通常由名词名词词组、代词或从句来充当。
名词作同位语Mr. Smith, ur new teacher, is very kind t us.我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。从句作问位语He sent us a message that he wn't cme next week.他捎信告诉我们说，下周他不来了。
补足语是用来对所修饰成分进行补充说明的。补足语分为宾语补足语和主语补足语。当含有宾语补足语的句子变为被动语态时，宾语补足语便成了主语补足语。宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是主谓关系。名词、形容词、副词、不定式、现在分词等都可作补足语。
宾语补足语He asked me t pen the bk. 他让我打开书。 主语补足语I was asked t pen the bk.我被命令打开书。
1．The letter she lked frward t ______.A．cming at lastB．came at lastC．cming latelyD．cme at last2．When Tm was yung, he didn’t like his lessns. His teacher thught ________. In fact, he read a lt f bks with the help f his parents.A．he a bad byB．him a bad byC．him was a bad3．I hpe my best friend ________ t my birthday party next Sunday.A．t cmeB．cmeC．cmingD．can cme4．—Which girl is yur cusin? —________.A．The ne in a red catB．The ne wears a red catC．The ne is in a red catD．The ne is wearing a red cal5．—Is that a picture f yur mther? —Yes, that was _________15 years ag.A．she B．her C．hersD．herself
6．My dream hme is a large huse ________ a big garden and a swimming pl.A．there isB．has C．have D．with7．My grandma ften tells me stries at night. 划线部分在句子中做：A．宾语B．表语C．状语8．Jessie will get tgether with her friends ________, which makes her ________ really excited.A．n this Friday, feel B．this Friday, feel C．n this Friday, feels D．this Friday, feels9．I ________ think Mike ________ in China nw.A．nt; is B．dn’t; is C．/; isn’t D．dn’t; isn’t10．There is smething wrng with my father’s cmputer. He wants t have smene ________ it and have it ________.A．check; repairB．check; repairedC．checked; repairedD．checked; repair
11．—Did yu see a girl in a red skirt ________？ —N, I didn't.A．t walking byB．walks by C．t walk by D．walk by12．We’ll have a ________ hliday. What abut ging t the West Lake?A．tw daysB．tw-daysC．tw-days’ D．tw days’13．Here _________three pencils and a pen.A．am B．is C．are D．isn’t14．Yur wrds made me ______ cnfident, and I began t make cakes ______.A．feel; carefullyB．t feel; carefullyC．feel; careful D．t feel; careful15．—The app Tik Tk（抖音）________ nw. —But it’s bad fr us t play fr a lng time.A．is expensive B．gets ppular C．becmes terrible D．gets a surprise16．Alice ________ a yung man frm China tw years ag.A．married tB．married with C．married D．marrying
17．Yur answer________ her s much that she was very ________with yu.A．satisfying; satisfying B．satisfying; satisfiedC．satisfied; satisfying D．satisfied; satisfied18．Maria lks very happy because she has had all the wrk________.A．finishB．finishedC．finishing19．—Alice, I heard yu had a _______. —Yes, we went t Xi’an. We had never visited _______ city.A．seven days’ hliday; the mst fantasticB．seven days hliday; the mst fantasticC．seven-day hliday; a mst fantasticD．seven-days hliday; a mst fantastic20．Kangkang wn first place in the ____ in the schl sprts meet last week.A．girl’s 100-meter raceB．bys’100-meter race C．by’s 100-meters race21．Des yur brther play basketball_______?A．every dayB．a dayC．the dayD．Sunday
22．Tm ________ in the end, and his ________ made us excited. 【高频考点】A．succeeded; success B．succeeds; successfulC．success; succeed D．successful; succeed23．Jack's mther taught me hw ________ Yunnan rice ndles last weekend.A．t makeB．makingC．makeD．t making24．---- The cake lks _____.   ---- Yes， but it tastes _____.A．well， wellB．gd， well C．better， badlyD．nice， bad25．The wrker helps the ld man ________ a picture n the wall.A．put nB．put upC．puts upD．puts n26．His family life has changed a lt _______.A．ver the past five yearsB．last yearC．nce a weekD．in the future