黑龙江省大庆铁人中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学考试英语试卷（PDF版附答案）

这是一份黑龙江省大庆铁人中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学考试英语试卷（PDF版附答案），文件包含大庆铁人中学2023级高二下学期开学考试英语试题pdf、英语答案docx、大庆铁人中学2023级高二下学期开学考试英语答题卡pdf等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共14页， 欢迎下载使用。

听力
1-5 ACBAC 6-10 ABBAC 11-15 CCACB 16-20ACABC
阅读理解
21-23：DBA 24-27 ：BAAC 28-31：BCDD 32-35：BCDD 36-40：FBDAG
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新研究在无动力制冷方面取得了新进展，研究人员找到了用制冷剂替代机械冷却的可持续方法。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Nw, researchers have fund in a new study an inexpensive, sustainable chice t replace mechanical cling with refrigerants (制冷剂) in ht and dry climates (现在，研究人员在一项新的研究中发现，在炎热干燥的气候条件下，用制冷剂代替机械冷却是一种廉价、可持续的选择)”可知，此处是介绍用制冷剂代替机械冷却方法的优势，再结合画线词的下文“the dangers f heat waves during electricity blackuts (停电期间热浪的危险)”可推知，这种方法可以“减轻”这种风险，画线词应该与Relieve“缓解，减轻”相近。故选B项。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The researchers set ut t answer hw t achieve a new benchmark (基准) fr passive cling inside naturally cnditined buildings in ht climates such as Suthern Califrnia. They examined the use f rf materials that radiate (辐射) heat int the cld universe, even under direct sunlight, and hw t cnnect them with temperature-driven air exchanges (that is, air can enter buildings and circulate freely). (研究人员着手解决如何在南加州等炎热气候的自然条件建筑内实现被动冷却的新基准。他们研究了屋顶材料的使用，这些材料可以向寒冷的宇宙辐射热量，即使是在阳光直射下，以及如何将它们与温度驱动的空气交换（即空气可以进入建筑物并自由流动）联系起来)”和“Researchers have als used them t imprve heat rejectin frm clers. (研究人员还用它们来改善冷却器的散热)”可知，本段主要介绍了研究人员进行研究的具体过程。故选C项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中““We did this withut abandning a healthy airing.” This was never a piece f cake, cnsidering air exchanges are a surce f heat when the aim is t keep a rm cler than the utside. (“我们做到了这一点，但没有放弃健康的通风。”这从来都不是一件容易的事情，因为空气交换是一个热源，而目标是保持房间比外面更冷)”可知，Remy Frtin认为实现无动力制冷的同时保留健康的通风是一项挑战，因为通风会带来热量。故选D项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Salmaan Craig所说的话“We hpe that materials scientists, architects, and engineers will be interested in these results, and that ur wrk will inspire mre thrugh thinking abut hw t cnnect breakthrughs in radiative cling materials with simple but effective architectural slutins (我们希望材料科学家、建筑师和工程师对这些结果感兴趣，我们的工作将激发更深入的思考，如何将辐射冷却材料的突破与简单而有效的建筑解决方案联系起来)”可知，研究人员希望研究结果可以激发更深入的思考，将材料科学上的突破与建筑设计联系起来。由此推知，他们希望加强材料科学在建筑中的应用。故选D项。
完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
【答案】41-45 CBADB 46-50 CACDA 51-55 BCADB
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她邀请所有的同学写一首关于他们有多伟大的“谎言诗”，并大声朗读。A. rich富有的；B. busy忙的；C. great伟大的；D. smart聪明的。根据下文“They were suppsed t ________ untruths abut themselves that made them sund ________ wnderful”可知，她邀请同学们写说自己很伟大的一些谎言诗。故选C。
42．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们应该编造一些关于自己的谎言，让自己听起来令人难以置信地好。A. pint ut指出；B. make up编造；C. hld back阻碍；D. rely n依靠。根据下文“untruths”可知，既然是不真实的事情，那肯定是编造出来的。故选B。
43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们应该编造一些关于自己的谎言，让自己听起来令人难以置信地好。A. unbelievably令人难以置信的是；B. uncnsciusly无意识地；C. unacceptably不能接受地；D. unreasnably不合理地。根据下文“They were suppsed t _______ untruths abut themselves”可知，她的同学们被邀请写一些谎言，让自己听起来令人难以置信地好。故选A。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我听诗的时候，我意识到孩子们实际上是在阐明他们未来的图景。A. exaggerating夸大；B. restring恢复；C. admiring欣赏；D. clarifying阐明。根据下文“the picture f their future”可知，同学们通过写诗来描述或阐明自己的将来，空格处是clarifying。故选D。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过“欺骗”自己，他们创造了自己未来想成为的样子。A. sample样本；B. visin幻想，想象；C. message信息 ；D. principle原则。根据上文“the picture f their future”可知，他们通过写诗来构想自己以后的样子，因此空格处是visin。故选B。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不禁钦佩学校以这种特殊的方式激发孩子们的远大梦想，即使这可能不是最初的意图。A. frcing强迫；B. requesting要求；C. mtivating激励；D. warning警告。根据下文“the children t dream big in such a special way”可知，学校激励学生梦想自己的未来。故选C。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们中的大多数人都看不到我们可以成为什么样的人。A. unable不能的；B. anxius担心的；C. nervus紧张的；D. unwilling不情愿的。根据下文“it’s hard fr yu t imagine the ________ in yurself”可知，我们很多人都不能看到自己将来可能会成为什么人。故选A。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我女儿的学校无意中想出了一个解决这个难题的办法。A. excuse借口；B. balance平衡；C. slutin解决办法；D. cnnectin连接。根据上文“If it’s hard fr yu t imagine the ________ in yurself”，下文“t that difficulty”和“yu might want t begin by expressing it as a ________, as did the children wh wrte the pems”可知，我们很多人想象不到自己将来的样子，所以作者的女儿的学校想出了解决这个难题的办法，因此空格处是slutin。故选C。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你很难想象自己的潜力，那么你可能要像写诗的孩子们一样，先把它表达成一种幻想。A. interest兴趣；B. curage勇气；C. expectatin期待；D. ptential潜力。根据上文“mst f us are ________ t see the truth f wh we culd be”可知，我们很多人想象不到自己将来的样子，也就是很难想象自己的潜力。故选D。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你很难想象自己的潜力，那么你可能要像写诗的孩子们一样，先把它表达成一种幻想。A. fantasy幻想；B. frtune时运，命运；C. benefit好处；D. reference参考。根据第一段的“untruths abut themselves”可知，孩子们写诗编造一些关于自己的谎言，这些谎言也就是幻想。故选A。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在适当的时候，这种创造性的练习将帮助你建立必要的蓝图，以扩大你的成就。A. healthy健康的；B. creative创造性的；C. gentle温柔的；D. frmal正式的。根据上文“Think up sme stries abut wh yu wuld like t be”可知，想一些你想成为什么样的人的故事，这是需要有创造力的，是创造性的练习。故选B。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在适当的时候，这种创造性的练习将帮助你建立必要的蓝图，以扩大你的成就。A. ensuring确保；B. infrming告知；C. stretching（使）变大，拉长；D. measuring测量。根据上文“build the necessary blueprint”和下文“yur achievements”可知，想一些你想成为什么样的人的故事可以帮助你自己建立必要的蓝图，扩大你自己的成就。故选C。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果没有你最高自我的图像，你就无法活在那个自我中。A. highest最高的；B. biggest最大的；C. happiest最快乐的；D. bravest最勇敢的。根据上文“They were suppsed t ________ untruths abut themselves that made them sund ________ wnderful”可知，孩子们写一些关于自己的谎言，让自己听起来令人难以置信地好，也就是编出一些最好的自己的图像，此处表示“如果没有你最高自我的图像，你就无法活在那个自我中”。故选A。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以假装，直到你成功。A. stp停止；B. frget忘记；C. hide躲藏；D. pretend假装。根据上文“They were suppsed t ________ untruths abut themselves that made them sund ________ wnderful”可知，孩子们写一些关于自己的谎言，让自己听起来令人难以置信地好，也就是假装自己很有成就。故选D。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：谎言最终会变成现实。A. dream梦想；B. reality现实；C. memry记忆；D. nightmare噩梦。根据上文“The lie will becme”和下文“in the end”可知，谎言最终会变成现实。故选B。
单项选择
B 57. A 58. C 59. C 60. B 61. D 62. C 63. C 64. B 65. C
单句语法填空
cmplaint 67. sinking 68. seized 69. int 70. distinct
lit 72. accessible 73. suspicius 74. cnvincing 75. had evlved
应用文写作
Dear Peter,
Thanks fr reaching ut! If I were in yur shes, I’d recmmend the activity at the train statin.
It ffers a fantastic pprtunity t interact with travelers, assisting them with directins, tickets, and luggage. The bustling atmsphere is nt nly engaging but als enriching, ffering a chance t enhance bth cmmunicatin and prblem-slving skills.
While the museum activity is als meaningful, it fcuses mre n quieter tasks like rganizing exhibits r guiding visitrs. At the train statin, yu’ll enjy a mre dynamic and hands-n experience, where yur utging persnality can truly shine as yu cnnect with peple frm all walks f life.
Let me knw if yu need any mre infrmatin.
读后续写
That’s when I nticed the Pumpkin Patch Clsed sign. My heart sank, Tex stpped dead in his tracks eyes wide as he stared at the sign in disbelief, “What? N! We came all this way!” he exclaimed, his vice cracking with frustratin. I felt the disappintment creeping in t, but then I remembered what Dad had said abut Plan B. “Wait! We dn’t have t give up. If plan A fails, we can always be creative with Plan B!” I said, trying t sund mre ptimistic. Tex’s expressin shifted as he prcessed it. “Yeah! We can make ur wn pumpkins at hme!” We quickly turned arund and headed back t the car, ur spirits lifting at the thught f designing ur wn jack-’-lanterns.
Finally came ur wn jack-’-lantern design party the next day. Tex and I spread newspapers acrss the table, excitement bubbling as we grabbed ur pumpkins, “Mine’s ging t have the scariest teeth ever!? Tex declared, carving jagged teeth with great fcus. I wrked n a spky ghst face, shaping wide eyes and a crked grin. The rm was sn filled with laughter, bits f pumpkin flying everywhere. Dad watched frm the drway, smiling: “Lks like Plan B turned ut even better than Plan A,” he said. “Yu bys didn’t just carve pumpkins-yu made memries.” Then I realized we didn’t need the pumpkin patch t make every Octber special- and nw, instead f ging there, we’ve made it a traditin t create ur wn jack-’-lanterns at hme, where the fun and memries feel even clser.
附听力录音原文：
(Text 1)
M:Hell. This is David Maynard. I’m calling t cnfirm my reservatin fr tnight.
W:I’m srry Mr. Maynard, but I dn’t have a rm reserved here in yur name.
M:Oh, my secretary Mary might have used the cmpany name. Is there anything fr Burtn Electrnics?
W:Oh, yes.
(Text 2)
M:OK. It’s almst ne ’clck. I’m ging ut t get a sandwich. I can get ne fr yu t, if yu like.
W:That’s very kind f yu. Culd yu get me a ham and cheese?
M:OK.
W:Thanks. Wait a minute and I’ll give yu the mney.
(Text 3)
W:The weather frecast says it will be sunny and ht this Saturday. Hw abut ging t the beach?
M:Srry. The beach never appeals t me. I prefer staying at hme and watching the ftball all day.
(Text 4)
M:What are yu thinking right nw, Lucy?
W:Can’t yu see? I’m thinking that if yu were quiet, I culd get my hmewrk dne. But it is difficult fr me t cncentrate n it since yu are always talking.
(Text 5)
M:Did yu read abut us nline?
W:N. I wrk n Albert Street, nt far away.
M:S yu saw ur sign?
W:Actually I didn’t ntice it until this evening. A wman at wrk cmes here and swims every lunchtime. S I’m hping t jin her.
(Text 6)
W:Des yur father have any sister r brther?
M:Oh, yes, I have an uncle, and my uncle Charles’s pretty famus, actually.
W:What des he d?
M:Medical research. A lt f his research has been published in medical jurnals. And he’s als famus fr his yung age when he started. He’s been ding medical research fr ten years and he’s nly 25.
W:Ww, sunds amazing! Clever man!
(Text 7)
W:Excuse me. I want t buy a tie fr my husband. Where can I find men’s clthes sectin?
M:Well, g up t the fifth flr and they’re t the left f the lift.
W:I als want a shirt fr my sn. S where are children’s clthes?
M:G dwn t the third flr and turn right. G straight until yu reach the end. There’s a small play area beside it.
W:I see. Thank yu very much. Oh, by the way, is there an ATM inside here? I need t get sme mney first.
M:Yeah. There’re tw n bth sides f the entrance n the first flr.
(Text 8)
W:Our nieces Melinda and Lucy will arrive next week. What culd they d?
M:They culd stay inside by the fire. But I think that’s very bring.
W:Yes. Maybe we can bring them t the cuntryside fr a walk. What d yu think?
M:That sunds fun, but it might be wet and dirty there since there is s much rain and even snw recently. What abut ding smething indrs, like visiting a museum? It’s nice and warm in there.
W:Yu’re right. But I think we can still have a few utdr activities. Of curse fishing isn’t very gd. It’s much t cld.
M:Yeah. Nr is climbing. That will be t tiring. Then what abut ging ice-skating?
W:That’s a gd idea. Maybe they can brrw sme skating shes.
M:Yes. It’ll be really fun.
(Text 9)
M: Hell, Kelly. What can I d fr yu?
W: Hell, Mr. Lee. I’d like t talk t yu abut my reprt abut schling in the past. It’s hard t get started.
M: Dn’t wrry. T make it interesting, yu can cmpare the past and the present. S, yu can think f any differences between schls nw, and thse in the past.
W: Umm … well, they used t use blackbards … and we use blackbards and whitebards … h dear … cmputers! We use cmputers a lt tday, but they didn’t have them!
M: What abut bks, Kelly? Have yu ever seen a really ld bk?
W: Erm, nce. It didn’t have many pictures. And the pictures weren’t in clr. I suppse it was expensive t print clr pictures in the past.
M: Yes. What else can we think abut? Hmm … what’s that thing yu’re carrying n yur shulder?
W: My backpack?
M: Yes. Let’s g n with that.
(Text 10)
M: Spring is nearly here and many peple will turn their attentin t DIY. But a recent study has fund that ver 50% f peple in the U.K. admit they have at least ne unfinished jb t d in their hme, while ne in five say they have damaged their hme while trying t “D It Yurself”. Here, I will share my embarrassing experiences with yu.
Once, a friend f mine asked me t paint sme rms in her huse. I was painting ne wall, standing at the tp f a ladder. Fr sme reasn, at ne pint, I frgt I was in a ladder and stepped back. I lst balance and fell ff. Unfrtunately, her carpet was damaged by the paint. My friend was mre wrried abut me than annyed. But in the end she had t buy a new carpet. What impressed me mst was quite a simple task — putting up sme shelves in my basement. I was standing n a wden table, putting a nail int the wall and suddenly all the lights went ut. I realized that there were wires in the wall where I was putting the nail in. I thught I was lucky — I culd have gt an electric shck and have been badly hurt. But it wasn’t all gd luck — I had t have sme repairs dne and it wasn’t cheap.