2025年高考英语解密汇编压轴训练1（Word版附解析）

这是一份2025年高考英语解密汇编压轴训练1（Word版附解析），共109页。
Fr the rest f ur visit t Thailand we stayed at the Nvtel in Rangsit.Since we were there fr a lng perid f time we became familiar with a few f the staff.They paid attentin t ur needs and did their best t ensure ur stay was a pleasant ne.They were als happy t stp and chat with us，asking questins abut ur stay，what we had dne that day，recmmending things fr us t d and sharing parts f their persnal lives with us.Again，it may be said that their friendliness was part f their jb but smehw，I did nt feel that was the case.It felt natural，pen and hnest and I wuld like t think that they enjyed ur cnversatins as much as we enjyed theirs.
On ne f ur walks my brther and I were ffered bttles f fresh water by ne f the lcals.She felt that we needed it and did nt want t take payment fr the tw bttles she ffered.She finally agreed t take 10 Thai bahts（泰铢）.Instead we gave her 20.
（1）Why des the authr give the dining rm as an example？
A．T tell us when the usual dinner starts in Thailand.
B．T explain hw cnsiderate the staff in the htel are.
C．T tell us where t eat when the dining rm is clsed.
D．T shw it is hard t get a takeaway meal in Thailand.
（2）What can we knw abut the authr frm paragraph 2？
A．He tried t knw mre abut life in Thailand.
B．He wanted t shw what life he lived t the staff.
C．He was getting alng well with the staff in the htel.
D．He liked t knw mre abut ther peple's secrets.
（3）Why did the authr pay ne f the lcals 20 Thai bahts？
A．The authr wanted t express gratitude.
B．The lcal asked the authr fr 20 Thai bahts.
C．The authr didn't take any change fr the drink.
D．Each bttle f fresh water was wrth 10 Thai bahts.
（4）Which can best describe the authr's experience in Thailand？
A．Exciting.
B．Dangerus.
C．Disappinting.
D．Pleasant.
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Larq just made yur water cleaner with light technlgy.The best part is that it sme hw manages t taste clean and fresh t.And while I thught it may be a trick，I've frced friends，family，and strangers t cmpare，and they all agree.Even if yu dn't care abut clean water，yu'll care abut that，right？
（1）What can be inferred abut Vive Gggles？
A.They are user﹣friendly.
B.They help keep track f weight.
C.They are intended fr snwbarders.
D.They can cntrl everything.
（2）What is special abut Hisense 8 K TV？
A.Its lk is luxurius.
B.Its tech is advanced.
C.It is ecnmical.
D.It features deep clr.
（3）Where is the text prbably taken frm？
A.A cnsumer review.
B.A science reprt.
C.An nline advertisement.
D.A prduct intrductin.
3．（2024•雁塔区校级模拟）Dear Mr.Bran﹣sn，
I truly lve Virgin Atlantic，which is why I cntinue t chse yur flights despite a series f unfrtunate incidents ver the last few years.This latest incident takes the biscuit，﹣sn，lk at the mustard.It was intended t accmpany mashed ptat.Hwever，here was mre mustard than any persn culd handle in a muthful.The ptat masher had bviusly brken，s it was decided the next best thing t d was pass the ptates thrugh the digestive system f a bird and blend it with "a bit" f mustard.Of curse，Mr.Bran﹣sn，everybdy likes "a bit" f mustard.
By then，I felt a little sick，and I needed a sugar hit.Luckily，a small ckie was prvided，but it appeared t be sme srt f backstreet undergrund ckie.Imagine biting int a piece f metal，Mr.Bran﹣sn.That wuld be sfter n the teeth than this ne.
Exhausted and starving，I decided t resrt t yur wrld﹣famus nbard entertainment，s I switched n the screen.Guess what？It was incredibly hard t capture Bris Jhnsn's face thrugh the flickering white lines running up and dwn the screen.I'd had enugh，but my nly ptin was t simply stare at the seat and wait fr either fd r sleep.Neither came fr an incredibly lng time.
S that was that.As I said at the start，I lve yur brand.It's just a shame that such a simple thing culd bring it crashing t its knees and begging fr fd.
Best regards，
Oliver Beale
（1）What feeling des the underlined phrase "takes the biscuit" in paragraph 1 imply？
A．An air f indifference.
B．A sense f frustratin.
C．A hint f anxiety.
D．A burst f pain.
（2）What did the authr think f the mashed ptat？
A．It lked like metal.
B．It tasted like bird fd.
C．It cntained t much mustard.
D．It was cked in a special way.
（3）Why did the authr turn n the screen？
A．T distract himself frm feeling unwell.
B．T find ut infrmatin abut the flight.
C．T appreciate a famus actr's perfrmance.
D．T test the quality f nbard entertainment.
（4）What's the purpse f the letter？
A．T ffer cnstructive suggestins.
B．T warn against an airline cmpany.
C．T inquire abut slutins t a prblem.
D．T cmplain abut unsatisfactry service.
4．（2024•重庆一模） In July 1915，severely trtured by his pr health，James Murray，ne f the early editrs f the Oxfrd English Dictinary （OED），defined ne final wrd.After his 36 years' dedicatin t the dictinary，his hard labur had taken a tll， knwing he wuld nt see the prject cmplete.
The petic quality f Murray's final days is ne f the many memrable tales in The Dictinary Peple.Beginning in 1857，the OED was a huge crwdsurcing prject ﹣ "the Wikipedia f the 19th century" ﹣ cmprising 3，000 peple.The idea was t create a "descriptive" dictinary that tracked wrds' use and meaning ver time，unlike its "prescriptive"18th﹣century predecessr by Samuel Jhnsn，which tld readers hw t say and use wrds.Vlunteers read widely，mailing in examples f hw "rare，ld﹣fashined，new，strange" wrds were used.What is surprising abut this fairly randm methd is that it wrked.
The rigin stry f Sarah Ogilvie's bk is almst as imprbable as that f the dictinary itself.Ms Ogilvie，a frmer schlar wh served as an editr fr the OED，went int the dcuments f Oxfrd University Press and came acrss an ld ntebk.It had belnged t Murray and cntained the names and details f the dictinary vlunteers，mst f whm had previusly been unknwn.The Dictinary Peple is her wrk f detective schlarship，bringing the lives behind the names t readers.
Ms Ogilvie's bk is full f intriguing stries.The presentatin f the bk is uncnventinal，t，taking its structure frm the wrk it describes.There are 26 alphabetical chapters，each celebrating a grup f cntributrs （ memrably， "K" is fr "kleptmaniac" peple wh desire t steal）.This is a clever arrangement，thugh it smetimes means that brader issues emerge nly in pieces.
Essentially，this is a stry abut rdinary peple.It is cncrete prf f thse wh，t cite dictinary﹣helper Gerge Elit， "lived faithfully a hidden life，and rest in unvisited tmbs".
（1）What des the underlined expressin "taken a tll" in paragraph 1 mean？
A．Paid ff.
B．Prved in vain.
C．Wrn ut the passin.
D．Had a harmful effect.
（2）What can we learn abut the Oxfrd English Dictinary？
A．It serves as an example f dictinary editing.
B．It prvides precise directins fr wrd usage.
C．It is a cperative wrk f many vlunteers.
D．It was edited with the help f Samuel Jhnsn.
（3）What is paragraph 3 mainly abut？
A．The stry behind Sarah Ogilvie's bk.
B．The detective methds f Sarah Ogilvie.
C．Legends f the early OED editrs.
D．Murray's rle in editing the OED.
（4）Where is the text mst prbably taken frm？
A．A review f a bk.
B．A bigraphy f an editr.
C．An essay n dictinary editing.
D．An intrductin t a dictinary.
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Architecture
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It ffers free membership classes in several subjects，like law and literature，taught by cllege prfessrs and industry experts.Premium（高级） membership curses are available fr a fee.There are varius curse types，which are shrt curses，nline degrees，ExpertTracks and Micrcredentials.Yu can cmplete the curses at yur wn pace.Featured curses include：
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Financial Markets
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（1）What is special abut FutureLearn's curses？
A.They can all be learned flexibly.
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C.They're all related t law and literature.
D They're all taught by cllege prfessrs.
（2）If yu want t make a career change，which will yu g t fr a new skill？
A.Academic Earth.
B.Open Culture.
C.FutureLearn.
D.Cursera.
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C.They nly charge fr their certain curses.
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6．（2024•诸暨市模拟） Whales are celebrated fr being the largest and mst intelligent creatures in the cean.Nw，bilgists have discvered that they als capture （捕获） tns f carbn frm the atmsphere，a service with an ecnmic value f US ＄1 trillin fr all the great whales，accrding t a new study published by the Internatinal Mnetary Fund.The study pints ut that prtecting whales，nrmally viewed as a human gd，als has a mnetary mtivatin.
"The carbn capture ptential f whales is truly incredible，" said the reprt. "Our cnservative estimates put the value f the average great whale at mre than US ＄2 millin，and easily ver US＄1 trillin fr the current stck f great whales." Whales absrb carbn in their bdies during their lng lives，sme f which stretch t 200 years.When they die，they sink t the bttm f the cean，taking the carbn with them.Accrding t the study，each great whale traps arund 33 tns f carbn dixide n average.A tree during the same perid nly cntributes t 3 percent f the carbn absrptin f the whale.
Whale ppulatins are tday a smidgen f what they nce were.It is estimated that there are slightly mre than 1.3 millin whales in the cean，a quarter f their pre﹣whaling number f 4 t 5 millin.Sme species in particular，like the blue whale，are nly 3 percent f what they used t be. "We can create financial methds t prmte the restratin f the wrld's whale ppulatins，" said the reprt's authrs. "Rewards culd help thse wh pay significant csts as a result f whale prtectin."
With the Paris Agreement cming int frce next year and the effects f climate change ever mre widespread，we must prevent the harm t whales.Researchers analyzed that unless new methds are put frward，it wuld take ver 30 years t duble the number f current whales，and several generatins t return them t their pre﹣whaling numbers. "Sciety and ur wn survival can't affrd t wait this lng，" they said.
（1）What des the new study reveal abut whales？
A．They are mney﹣makers fr gd.
B．Their intelligence is unquestinable.
C．They are a natural climate slutin.
D．Their survival is threatened by carbn.
（2）Why is a whale cmpared with a tree in paragraph 2？
A．T indicate all matter regarding green effrts.
B．T illustrate whales are friendly t the ceans.
C．T highlight whales' carbn capture ptential.
D．T emphasize the imprtance f tree planting.
（3）What can be inferred frm what researchers said in paragraph 4？
A．Climate change intensifies.
B．Whale ppulatins stay lw.
C．Our survival is endangered.
D．Whale prtectin is a pririty.
（4）What is the mst suitable title fr the article？
A．Prtect whales t prtect the planet
B．Hw t restre whale ppulatins
C．Live in harmny with cean giants
D．Whales can guarantee ur survival
7．（2024•安徽三模） The fact that gender diversity is smething that cmpanies cnstantly desire highlights the prblem in itself.Actually，there are several prfessinal industries where the female t male rati（比例）is still nwhere clse t equal.Acrss industries，the wrkfrce gender balance is still highly skewed（偏向…的），even in dmains which d nt cnventinally invlve labrius wrk.The tech industry is a case in pint，with the wrkfrce imbalance definitely being ne f the mst prminent n the list.
Diversity and inclusin need t g hand in hand，and wmen arund the wrld are increasingly assuming imprtant psitins and taking cre decisins in the tech sectr.These wmen are driving technlgical change and innvatin which impact the industry at large.
Gender diversity，like diversity in general，is imprtant fr varied perspectives and thught prcesses in a cmpany.These perspectives are what help shape advancements and new ideas in technlgy and verall peratins fr the success f the business.This is especially true fr technlgies such as AI.The effects f persnal biases n AI can tilt（使…倾斜）the results and，thus，they require a number f inputs and cautin n the team's part，t be able t prduce accurate slutins based n diverse and inclusive data.
Accrding t a 2017 reprt n Higher Educatin by the Ministry f Human Resurce Develpment，Gvernment f India，wmen were at r near parity（对等）amng undergraduate degrees in science IT and cmputer.Mst wmen equal men when it cmes t skills，but face discriminatin in ther areas，thus creating a gap and reducing the will t cntinue at the cmpany.
Accrding t reprts，biased treatment within the wrkplace is the mst frequently cited reasn fr leaving，fllwed by pr management.There is still scpe fr a shift in attitudes at wrkplaces，which is a majr bstacle when it cmes t retaining wmen emplyees.In rder t retain this talent and hire mre talent like this，gvernments，NGOs and leaders frm tech rganizatins need t cme tgether t help clse the gender gap further by prviding mre flexible wrk ptins and decisin﹣making pprtunities fr wmen.
Mre and mre wmen acrss the wrld are interested in pursuing tech careers r maintaining their existing nes.There is a need t encurage them t take up rles in AI and STEM（Science，Technlgy，Engineering，and Maths）with pprtunities that are bth fair and equal.Given the cmputer﹣driven nature f AI，there is a need fr wmen frm diverse backgrunds t balance ut the cnventinally male﹣dminated prfessin t give an accurate representatin.Thus，an inclusive and diverse wrkfrce，cmbined with better HR plicies will retain and draw in mre wmen.This，in turn，will help the entire tech industry t develp a mre cmprehensive，empathetic（感同身受的）way f peratins，which will undubtedly influence the future sci﹣cultural thread driven by prducts and services develped by them.
（1）Frm the first paragraph we knw that .
A.gender balance prblem remains t be slved
B.labrius wrk demands mre gender balance
C.nt all industries have gender balance prblem
D.gender balance prblem has been mre serius
（2）Wmen emplyees are reprted t leave their jbs mainly because f .
A.unsatisfying incme
B.unfair treatment
C.cmpetitive wrkplace
D.pr management
（3）Which f the fllwing can help t retain and attract mre wmen？
A.encuraging wmen t take up all kinds f rles
B.treating wmen emplyees mre kindly than t men emplyees
C.ffering wmen diverse wrk chices and decisin﹣making pprtunities
D.prviding a tlerant wrking envirnment cmbined with favrable welfare
（4）What is the purpse f writing this passage？
A.T appeal t wmen t prtect their prper rights
B.T present the fact f gender bias in the tech industry
C.T call fr mre wmen representatin in the tech industry
D.T teach the tech industry hw t get rid f gender bias
8．（2024•安徽三模） Many peple view cities largely in negative terms﹣as crwded，dirty，unhealthy envirnments that are breeding（繁殖） grunds fr disease and crime.Peple fear that as cities get bigger，living cnditins will get wrse.T a grwing number f ecnmists，urban planners，and envirnmentalists，urbanizatin is gd news.Many planners nw believe big cities ffer a slutin t dealing with the prblem f Earth's grwing ppulatin.
Harvard ecnmist Edward Glaeser is ne persn wh believes that cities bring largely psitive benefits.Glaeser's ptimism is reflected in the title f his bk The Triumph f the City.Glaeser argues that pr peple flck t cities because that's usually where the mney is.Cities are prductive because f "the absence f space between peple"，which reduces the cst f transprting gds，peple，and ideas.While the flw f gds has always been imprtant t cities，what is mst imprtant tday is the flw f ideas.Successful cities attract and reward smart peple with higher wages，and they enable peple t learn frm ne anther.In the trading flr f the New Yrk Stck Exchange n Wall Street，emplyees wrk in ne pen，crwded space sharing infrmatin."They value knwledge ver space.That's what the mdern city is all abut."
Anther champin f urbanizatin is envirnmentalist Stewart Brand.Frm an eclgical perspective，says Brand，mving peple ut f cities wuld be disastrus.Because cities are dense，they allw half f the wrld's ppulatin t live n abut fur percent f the land，leaving mre space fr pen cuntry，such as farmland.Peple living in cities als have less impact per capita（人均） n the envirnment.Their rads，sewers（下水道），and pwer lines are shrter and require fewer resurces t build and perate.City apartments require less energy t heat，cl，and light than larger huses in suburbs and rural areas.Mst imprtantly，peple living in dense cities drive less.They can walk t many destinatins，and public transprtatin is practical because enugh peple travel regularly t the same places.As a result，dense cities tend t prduce fewer greenhuse gas emissins per persn than scattered，sprawling suburbs.
Despite the negative aspects such as pllutin and serius prblems like urban slums，it is a mistake t see urbanizatin as evil；instead，we shuld view it as an inevitable part f develpment.Rapid grwth itself is nt the real prblem﹣the larger issue is hw t manage the grwth.
（1）Why des the authr mentin the New Yrk Stck Exchange in Paragraph 2？
A.T indicate the space there is valuable.
B T shw hw gds can be exchanged.
C.T illustrate the imprtance f infrmatin flw.
D.T describe what a mdern city shuld lk like.
（2）The underlined wrd "champin"in Paragraph 3 prbably refers t a persn wh .
A.advcates smething
B.challenges smething
C.achieves smething
D.prtects smething
（3）Stewart Brand believes that .
A.urbanizatin wuld be mre disastrus
B life in cities is mre ecnmical than in rural areas
C.public transprtatin cnsumes mre energy in cities
D.peple living in rural areas have less impact n the envirnment
（4）Hw des the authr supprt Stewart Brand's idea in Paragraph 3？
A.By quting authrities.
B.By making cmparisns.
C.By analysing the causes.
D.By criticizing ppsing views.
9．（2024•未央区校级一模） Hng Kng and Macau are hme t several well﹣knwn universities that ffer diverse curses and prgrams t students.Here are sme f the universities and their key infrmatin.
The University f Hng Kng （HKU）
This university is ne f the ldest and mst prestigius in Asia，ffering undergraduate，graduate，and research prgrams in varius fields.Ppular majrs include business，engineering，law，and medicine.Admissin requirements vary depending n the prgram，but all applicants must have a high schl diplma r equivalent and be fluent in English.HKU ffers schlarships and financial assistance t bth lcal and internatinal students.
The Hng Kng University f Science and Technlgy （HKUST）
This university is famus fr its prgrams in science，engineering，and business.It als ffers prgrams in scial sciences and humanities.Admissin requirements include high academic achievement and language prficiency （English）.HKUST prvides a range f schlarships and financial aid packages t deserving students.
The Chinese University f Hng Kng （CUHK）
This university ffers a wide range f undergraduate and pstgraduate prgrams in areas such as business，science，scial sciences，and humanities.Admissin requirements include academic perfrmance，language prficiency （English and Chinese），and persnal qualities.CUHK prvides schlarships fr students frm different backgrunds and regins.
The University f Macau （UM）
This university is the nly public cmprehensive university in Macau，ffering prgrams in business，science，scial sciences，humanities，and educatin.Admissin requirements vary depending n the prgram，but all applicants must be fluent in English r Prtuguese （葡萄牙语）.UM ffers schlarships nly fr lcal students and des nt prvide accmmdatin fr any students.
（1）What majrs are liked and chsen mre at the University f Hng Kng？
A．Science，engineering，and business.
B．AI technlgy and English.
C．Business，engineering，law，and medicine.
D．Business，science，scial sciences，and humanities.
（2）Which f the fllwing statements abut the University f Macau is CORRECT？
A．UM des nt prvide financial aid t internatinal students.
B．UM is ne f the best public universities in Macau.
C．UM has the best business prgram in Macau.
D．UM des nt admit internatinal students.
（3）What d the fur universities mentined in the passage have in cmmn？
A．They all have high tuitin fees.
B．They all ffer great schlarships.
C．They all have high﹣quality drmitries.
D．They all have language requirements.
10．（2024•博爱县校级一模） Mst f us wuld like t be mre creative，but we assume there is little we can d abut it.Psychlgy prfessr K.Anders Ericssn claims that with enugh practice，any f us can becme experts.Hwever，he is quick t add that this requires a specific kind f practice that Ericssn calls 'deliberate practice'：that is，pushing beynd ne's cmfrt zne and setting gals that are abve ne's current level f perfrmance.He says he has yet t find the limits n being successful and he desn't believe them t be real.
Ericssn has lked primarily at artistic and athletic skills，but can these findings apply t creativity？Mst experts agree that even if mst peple cannt hpe t becme creative geniuses，they can t becme mre creative thrugh practice.Psychlgists claim that there are actually tw levels f creativity，which they refer t as 'Big C' and 'small c'.Big C creativity applies t breakthrugh ideas，nes that may change the curse f a field r even histry.Small c creativity refers t everyday creative prblem slving，like creating a new recipe r imprving a prcess，which psychlgists subdivide further int similar and different thinking.Similar thinking invlves examining all the facts and arriving at a single slutin.In cntrast，different thinking invlves cming up with many pssible slutins.What mst peple think f as creativity generally invlves different thinking and can be taught，practised and learnt.
Even with practice，different thinking alne cannt make ne creative，hwever.Sctt Barry Kaufman，a cgnitive psychlgist，says that mst creative peple share ne persnality quality：penness t new experience.Since this quality and these prcesses have been identified，less creative peple can try t emulate them.Nrmally，we tend t reprduce what we already knw because creative ideas mve us int unfamiliar territry invlving risks and fllwing the usual behavirs is cmfrtable.
Mving utside f ur cmfrt zne，engaging in deliberate practice and tlerating cntradictry ideas，risk and failure are all things we can learn t d better.It is unlikely that ding s will transfrm any f us int creative geniuses，but it des have the ptential t increase ur level f creativity.
（1）Why des Ericssn think he can't find the limits？
A.N restrictins exist.
B.Practice makes perfect.
C.Each ne can succeed.
D.The gal is ambitius.
（2）Which f the fllwing is an example f 'small c'？
A.Settling in uter space.
B.Building a plastic dghuse.
C.Develping rbts t lk after the ld.
D.Explaining the thery f evlutin in class.
（3）What des the underlined wrd"emulate"in paragraph 3 mean？
A.Justify.
B.Limit.
C.Cpy.
D.Assess.
（4）What message des the authr seem t cnvey in the text？
A.We can learn t be mre creative.
B.Life is full f varius challenges.
C.It's better t take deliberate practice.
D.Mst can becme creative geniuses.
11．（2024•达州二模）
STEM Cmpetitins fr Students
NSTA ExplraVisin
Are yu interested in what the future hlds？Cnsider ExplraVisin's STEM（science，technlgy，engineering & mathematics） cmpetitin.Wrking in teams f tw t fur，students will research a particular technlgy and assess the ways in which it may impact lives mving frward.Participants are required t write a paper and draw web pages cmmunicating their visin.
Grades：7th﹣9th and 10th﹣12th
Cmpetitin Type：Reginal and natinal
eCyberMissin
Yu can participate in this cmpetitin withut leaving the huse.eCyberMissin is a web﹣based cntest in which participants﹣wrking in teams f tw t fur students﹣use science，math and technlgy t slve prblems facing their cmmunities.First﹣place winners receive ＄1，000.
Grades：9th
Cmpetitin Type：Reginal，state and natinal
TEAMS Cmpetitin
Held annually，TEAMS invites students t use their engineering talent t cntribute t the cmmunity.Wrking in grups f tw t fur students，participants cmplete real﹣life engineering challenges.The cmpetitin includes multiple﹣chice questins，an essay and a design﹣build cmpnent.
Grades：9th﹣12th
Cmpetitin Type：State and natinal
The Cnrad Challenge
In this challenge，participants wrk in teams f tw t five students t develp prducts r services in respnse t key issues facing peple arund the wrld.The Cnrad Challenge empwers students t take cntrl f their learning and apply it t real﹣life situatins.Winners are eligible（有资格的） fr schlarships，patent assistance and aid in creating cmpanies.
Grades：9th﹣12th
Cmpetitin Type：Internatinal
（1）What des NSTA Explra Visin's STEM cmpetitin fcus n？
A.Engineering innvatin.
B.Students' paper writing skills.
C.New technlgy shaping the future.
D.Students' ability in web page design.
（2）What d the fur STEM cmpetitins have in cmmn？
A.Winners will get a big cash prize.
B.They are all natinal cmpetitins.
C.Participants are required t wrk in teams.
D.Participants must slve real﹣life prblems.
（3）Which cmpetitin invlves freign students？
A.NSTA ExplraVisin.
B.eCvberMissin.
C.TEAMS Cmpetitin.
D.The Cnrad Challenge.
12．（2024•辽宁模拟）
Pacific Science Center Guide
◆Visit Pacific Science Center's Stre
Dn't frget t stp by Pacific Science Center's Stre while yu are here t pick up a wnderful science activity r suvenir t remember yur visit．The stre is lcated（位于） upstairs in Building 3 right next t the Laser Dme．
◆Hungry？
Our exhibits will feed yur mind，but what abut yur bdy？Our café ffers a cmplete menu f lunch and snack ptins，in additin t seasnal specials．The café is lcated upstairs in Building 1 and is pen daily until ne hur befre Pacific Science Center clses．
◆Rental Infrmatin
Lckers are available t stre any belngings during yur visit．The lckers are lcated in Building 1 near the Infrmatin Desk and in Building 3．Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available t rent at the Infrmatin Desk and Denny Way entrance．ID required．
◆Supprt Pacific Science Center
Since 1962，Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passin（热情） fr discvery and lifelng learning in science，math and technlgy．Tday，Pacific Science Center serves mre than 1.3 millin peple a year and brings inquiry﹣based science educatin t classrms and cmmunity events all ver Washingtn State．It's an amazing accmplishment and ne we cannt achieve withut generus supprt frm individuals，crpratins，and ther scial rganizatins．Visit pacificsciencecenter．rg t find varius ways yu can supprt Pacific Science Center．
（1）Where can yu buy a suvenir at Pacific Science Center？
A．In Building 1．
B．In Building 3．
C．At the Laser Dme．
D．At the Denny Way entrance．
（2）What des Pacific Science Center d fr schls？
A．Train science teachers．
B．Distribute science bks．
C．Inspire scientific research．
D．Take science t the classrm．
（3）What is the purpse f the last part f the text？
A．T encurage dnatins．
B．T advertise cming events．
C．T intrduce special exhibits．
D．T tell abut the Center's histry．
13．（2024•吴忠二模） The sund f leaves underft is usually assciated with autumn.But this year，it was the sundtrack t summer walks acrss Eurpe，as maximum temperature recrds fell and the cntinent suffered its wrst drught in 500 years.
The drught had been building fr mnths after a dry winter and spring，but it was wrse by a series f fierce heatwaves ver the summer，says Sim n Parry at the UK Centre fr Eclgy &Hydrlgy.In France，nuclear pwer plants were frced t reduce their utput as lw river flws meant there wasn't enugh water t cl their reactrs.Water levels n the Rhine river drpped s far that ships laded with gds in Germany and the Netherlands，including cal and petrl，were unable t travel.Besides，farmers saw crps wither（枯萎）.Harvests f sya﹣beans and sunflwer seeds were predicted t fall by between12 and 16 per cent.
This was a crisis caused in large part by climate change，says Richard Allan，wh is als at the University f Reading."Warming due t human﹣﹣caused climate change made this event much mre extreme，"he says.Studies suggest that the drught was made at least 20 times mre likely by glbal warming.
Hwever，that missing rainfall ends up smewhere，says Peter Gleick at the Pacific Institute in Califrnia.This years disastrus flds in cuntries including Australia and Pakistan are the "flip side"f the drughts，he says."The drughts and the extreme flds that we are seeing are tied tgether，and are part and parcel f the brader challenge f climate change，"says Gleick.
In the wake f a drught，it is critical that nature gets time t recver.But fr Eurpe，this was the secnd severe drught in fur years."My grass has already recvered frm this if I had a tree that survived it，that wuld take 10 years r mre t get back t a nrmal state，"says Nik Wanders at Utrecht University in the Netherlands.
（1）What is the authr's purpse in mentining the sund？
A.T shw the seasnal cycle.
B.T describe the beauty f autumn.
C.T emphasize the dry weather.
D.T clarify trees' survival mde.
（2）What is paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut？
A.The reductin f river water.
B.The duratin f the drught.
C.The causes f varius lsses.
D.The cnsequences f the disaster.
（3）Which is prbably the best way t tackle climate change accrding t the text？
A.Expanding climate mnitring.
B.Imprving human behavir.
C.Prmting natural restratin.
D.Balancing water distributin.
（4）What is the authr's attitude t ward the climate change trend in Eurpe？
A.Cnservative.
B.Unclear.
C.Cncerned.
D.Hpeful.
14．（2024•重庆模拟） Technlgy is mre than an abstract cncept assciated with advanced tls and systems.It als shapes the way peple behave，grw and develp，bth within their wn lives and in their relatinships with thers.While technlgy has develped ver thusands f years，the last century has seen an explsin in technlgy that has influenced fundamental changes in hw humans see the wrld and interact with thers.Specifically，the Internet and mbile devices have cmpletely changed the way peple interact with each ther.There has been a debate ging n whether technlgy is benefiting human cmmunicatin r ruining it.
Undubtedly，technlgy is helping peple build newer and necessary cmmunicatin skills.In business，ffice emplyees and managers use technlgy t send emails t ne anther，which is cnsidered a cmmunicatin skill.On scial media，just share a few f yur images and peple start cmmunicating n and abut yur images accrding t their viewpint.With the utbreak f COVID﹣19，in rder t wrk n the prjects，the students use their phnes t reach their teachers and classmates.
Hwever，technlgy is smetimes cnsidered t discnnect peple frm thers arund them.With cell phnes，mst peple think that it's easier and mre cnvenient t text instead f meeting in persn.Lucas Lengacher，an undergraduate frm Huntingtn University ，claims in his article that at least 42.91% peple respnd t messages immediately yet nly 2.83% peple dn't check their phnes in the mrning.In his research he fund that "almst 60 percent f peple felt discnnected frm thers arund when they were n their phnes".
（1）Human interactin has been basically influenced by .
A．peple's relatinships.
B．scial systems.
C．mbile devices.
D．cmmunicatin skills.
（2）Hw is the idea f paragraph 2 supprted？
A．By analyzing data.
B．By prviding cases.
C．By defining a cncept.
D．By making cmparisns.
（3）What des Lucas's research find？
A．Phnes discnnect us when we are tgether.
B．Phnes are becming mre and mre ppular.
C．Peple cmmunicate less because f physical distance.
D．Phnes are helping peple build newer cmmunicatin skills.
（4）What is the authr's attitude t technlgy？
A．Psitive.
B．Skeptical.
C．Objective.
D．Indifferent.
15．（2024•漳州模拟） Raised in Jacksnville，a small twn in Nrth Carlina，Christina Kch always knew she wanted t be an astrnaut.This dream began as early as kindergarten，during a time when spaceflight was dminated by men. "Frtunately，when I tld my kindergarten teachers that I wanted t be an astrnaut they supprted me.N ne tld me that it was unattainable.And whether it was my wn hard﹣headedness r that encuragement，I did g full frward int pursuing my dream t becme an astrnaut，" she says.
Kch fund inspiratin in pineers like Sally Ride and Mae Jemisn，but als in everyday heres—frm civil rights activists t her independent grandmther.These examples，alng with her family's emphasis n hard wrk，instituted in her the curage t chase her dreams.
Kch studied physics and electrical engineering befre jining NASA at the Gddard Space Flight Center，where she cntributed t the develpment f scientific instruments n several space missins.Driven by a thirst fr adventure，she spent a year in Antarctica's tugh envirnment and then in ther remte lcatins like Greenland.Unsurprisingly，she cited phtgraphy，travel，camping and climbing amng her hbbies.
The ultimate fulfillment （实现） f her dream came in 2013，when she was selected as an astrnaut，Jining a grundbreaking class with an equal number f men and wmen.Previusly，wmen cmprised nly 17% f NASA's astrnauts.After cmpleting training in 2015，she was assigned her first lng﹣stay missin n the Internatinal Space Statin（ISS）.Her success is undeniable.As part f the Artemis Ⅱ missin，scheduled fr 2025，she'll travel further than any human since Apll，an evidence f her cnstant ambitin.
Kch advcates fllwing passins and embracing challenges."D what scares yu，"she advises， " because thse things ften lead t the greatest fulfillment and cntributins."Besides，Kch als says that there's ne that shuld never be frgtten："Supprt the peple arund yu.Make sure that yu're thinking abut the success f thse arund yu，that yu're helping them，and tgether we all will achieve as much as we pssibly can."
（1）What initially mtivated Kch t becme an astrnaut？
A.Her desire t push herself t the limit.
B.Her early enthusiasm in space explratin.
C.Her wish t reward her kindergarten teachers.
D.Her ambitin t change the psitin f wmen astrnauts.
（2）What can we infer frm the passage？
A.Kch invented sme scientific devices.
B Rch set a recrd fr the lngest spaceflight.
C.Varius hbbies prepared Kch fr adventure.
D.Rle mdels impacted Kch greatly in her life jurney.
（3）What des Kch's advice indicate？
A.Seeking supprt is crucial fr dream chasers.
B.Being kind t thers is the stepstne t success.
C.Welcming challenges leads t persnal grwth.
D Wrking tirelessly is key t vercming barriers.
（4）What is the best title f the passage？
A.Christina Kch：An Explrer f Nature.
B.Christina Kch：A Dream Pursuer t Space.
C.Christina Kch：A Rle Mdel frm Jacksnville.
D.Christina Kch：A Distinguished Female Scientist.
16．（2024•安徽模拟）
Summer Day Camps
Jin the Envirnmental Learning Center this summer fr adventure in the utdrs!We can't wait t be part f yur summer!
（1）What ability can yu learn frm The Wildness Week？
A．T interpret the singing f birds.
B．T experiment n wild animals.
C．T get alng with wild animals.
D．T survive well in the wild.
（2）Which camp will prvide infrmatin relevant t wrking in the wild？
A．Outdr﹣lgists.
B．Animal Antics.
C．The Wildness Week.
D．Yung Experimenters.
（3）Hw much will yu get if yu cancel yur reservatin fr Animal Antics n April 6？
A．＄230.
B．＄180.
C．＄115.
D．＄50.
17．（2024•南岗区校级三模） My family and I had set ut n a day trip frm Shillng t Cherrapunji，a twn knwn fr being ne f the wettest places n Earth.Hwever，after we had been stuck in traffic fr mre than fur hurs，ne f my sisters prpsed ging back t the city as a last attempt t save whatever remained f the day.A quick nline search revealed ther must﹣visit spts arund Shillng.Mst were familiar，but ne caught ur attentin—Nartiang with its mysterius mnliths（独石碑）.The pht shwed tall stnes piled tgether in a strange frmatin，appealing t us t explre further despite the lack f details prvided.
That is hw I fund myself standing in the shadw f the huge mnliths f Nartiang，which is hme t the thickest and largest cllectin in the regin.Curius t uncver their histry，I apprached MarySymblai，a village elder I met later that day，wh tld me the stry f the mnliths that has been rally passed dwn ver generatins.She said，"Back in the day，Nartiang didn't have a bazaar（集市） and the nearest ne was at Raliang.On ne such bazaar，a giant named Mar Phalyngki was caught in heavy rain n his way back.He requested t brrw an umbrella frm the Raliang chiefs yungest daughter，but she wanted t test his legendary strength instead.'Why dn't yu g lift that huge stne in the bazaar and use it as an umbrella？'she said dismissively.Embldened by her challenge，he just did that，but befre reaching Nartiang，he placed it in a frest when the rain had stpped."
"There is a certain verlap f ancient stry and memry in the case f the Nartiang mnliths.The lcals' accunt f hw the place came t be is based n ancient stries r flk custms.But they als remember it because it served their ancestrs as a weekly marketplace，a memrial，and a place fr plitical gatherings.That is hw ral histry wrks.It mixes fact and fictin int c llective memry"，saidDr Reeju Ray，a lcal writer.
Tday，even thugh the traditinal custms and mre cnfirmed histrical accunts ffer sme insight int the site，the mystery（奥秘） f the stne giants lasts.
（1）Why did the authr and his family cme t visit the mnliths f Nartiang？
A.It was in their riginal trip plan.
B.They had t chse it as an alternative.
C.It was the nly remaining place t visit.
D.An elder village r gave them the suggestin.
（2）Which des the underlined wrd"Embldened"in paragraph 2 mean？
A.Threatened.
B.Mved.
C.Stimulated.
D.Frightened.
（3）Why are Dr.Reeju Ray's wrds mentined？
A.T infrm what the mnliths served as.
B.T illustrate hw the mysterius stry came int being.
C.T intrduce the feature f Nartiang mnliths.
D.T deny the verlap f ancient stry and memry.
（4）What is the best title fr the text？
A.A Trip t the Mnliths.
B.The Mystery f Shillng.
C.The Frmatin f the Mnliths.
D.A Disappinting Travel Experience.
18．（2024•晋城三模） Ttal slar eclipses （日食） have scared peple since time ut f mind.The first recrd f ne，preserved n a clay tablet fund at Ugarit，nce a trade city but destryed later in Syria，is believed frm its age and lcatin t describe either an eclipse that happened in 1375 BC r ne in 1223 BC．Legendary explanatins fr eclipses include the Sun being eaten by dgs，frgs r dragns.The reality is nt rmantic.Why are ttal nes，like the ne cming n April 8，s rare？
Slar eclipses are a special case f phenmena called transits and ccultatins，in which an intervening （介于中间的） heavenly bdy stps light frm a star reaching an bserver.If the blcking bdy appears smaller in the sky than the star，the result is called a transit and lks like a dark spt crssing the star's surface.If the blcking bject appears larger than the star，the star disappears cmpletely—an ccultatin.A ttal eclipse is an ccultatin.
Slar eclipses may be either f these things，since the apparent sizes in the sky f the Sun and the Mn，viewed frm Earth，are almst identical.If the Mn rbited Earth in the same plane as Earth rbits the Sun，eclipses wuld happen every mnth，but wuld be ttal nly in the trpics （热带地区）.In reality，the average interval between ttal eclipses is 18 mnths，and they may be seen frm time t time all ver the wrld.The path f ttality acrss Earth's surface is narrw and the perid shrt （a maximum f just ver seven and a half minutes）.Outside these bundaries，the Sun will appear partially eclipsed，lking like a pie that smething has taken a bite frm.
The Great Nrth American Eclipse，as it has been called，will be a sight t be hld n April 8.But it shuld als be cherished，because ttal eclipses f the Sun will nt happen fr ever.Tidal frictin （潮汐摩擦） causes the Mn t mve away frm Earth at 3.8 cm a year，making it appear smaller and smaller in the sky.In 600 millin years r s the last，shrt ttality will ccur.
（1）What des the clay tablet f Ugarit represent？
A．Sme figures f ancient animals.
B．The Sun being eaten by sme animals.
C．Ancient peple wh were hunting fr animals.
D．The earliest ttal slar eclipse recrded.
（2）Hw des the authr develp paragraph 2？
A．By listing statistics.
B．By giving definitins.
C．By giving examples.
D．By analyzing cause and effect.
（3）What can we learn abut ttal slar eclipses frm paragraph 3？
A．Their duratin is relatively lnger.
B．They take place every mnth actually.
C．They are visible nly frm a narrw path.
D．They lk like a bite taken ut f the Sun.
（4）What makes ttal slar eclipses s rare？
A．The mving﹣away Mn.
B．The strnger tide n Earth.
C．The smaller attractin f the Mn fr Earth.
D．The changing distance between the Sun and Earth.
19．（2024•仁寿县一模） Mst peple hate msquites but scientists are abut t build a"msquit factry"t release mdified（改良的） msquites.
The mdified msquites carry a bacterium called Wlbachia pipientis（沃尔巴克氏菌），which can be naturally fund in mst insect species.Hwever，it's rarely discvered in msquites."We actually grw these msquites that cntain the bacterium，"Sctt O'Neill，an Australian scientist invlved in the prject，tld CBC News.When the mdified msquites are released，they slwly spread the bacterium t the ppulatin.
Several studies have demnstrated the insects' success.Fr example，a cntrlled experiment in Indnesia shwed that the mdified insect helped reduce the cases f the disease dengue（登革热） by 77 percent，accrding t a study paper published in 2021.
The Wrld Msquit Prgram has annunced that it will release mdified msquites in many f Brazil's urban areas ver the next 10 years.The aim is t prtect up t 70 millin peple frm diseases such as dengue，an infectius disease mainly spread by msquites.
Brazil has ne f the highest rates f dengue infectin in the wrld，accrding t the Nature website."Mre than 1，000 peple died f dengue in 2022 because f the spread f msquites.It's ging everywhere，"Lucian Mreira，a scientist in Ri de Janeir，Brazil，tld CBC News.
Anther way t prevent msquites frm spreading diseases is by prducing genetically mdified msquites（GM）.In 2022，the US Envirnmental Prtectin Agency apprved the release f 2.4 billin GM msquites in Califrnia and Flrida.
Accrding t the agency，GM msquites carry tw types f genes：a self﹣limiting gene that prevents female ffspring（后代） frm surviving t adulthd；and a marker gene that allws researchers t identify GM nes in the wild.After being released，GM msquites lay eggs，s the genes are passed n t ffspring.In this way，the number f female msquites is reduced，therefre reducing the chance f spreading disease.
（1）What is the final purpse f building the"msquit factry"？
A.T prevent the spread f msquit﹣brne diseases.
B.T prduce massive msquites fr scientific research.
C.T study the behavir f msquites in different envirnments.
D.T replace the natural msquit ppulatin with a mdified ne.
（2）What is the functin f paragraph 5 in the text？
A.It states challenges facing the prgram.
B.It prvides the backgrund t the prgram.
C.It shws the expected effect f the prgram.
D.It indicates an pinin n the annuncement.
（3）Hw des the self﹣limiting gene in genetically mdified msquites wrk？
A.By limiting their ability t lay eggs.
B.By making them immune t disease.
C.By reducing their ffspring's lifespans.
D.By allwing them t be easily identified.
（4）What can be the best title fr the text？
A.A Msquit Factry
B.Reducing Dengue in Brazil
C.Experimenting n Mdified Insects
D.Mdifying Infectius Msquites
20．（2024•全国四模） What's yur first memry？Whatever it is，yu're bund t treasure it.But can we actually trust them？Nthing abut memry is simple.Memry is malleable.What we remember is nt necessarily what happened.A memry is nt a recrding.It's mre like a dramatic recnstructin and ne that we can keep changing withut realizing it.
Fr any experience t be remembered，it has t be encded （编码）.This encding is nt any kind f direct translatin，thugh.It's a rich and cmplex prcess that creates assciatins and meanings.We might be remembering smething very similar，but slightly changed and clred by ur wn sets f assciatins.
Psychlgist Elizabeth Lftus prduced grundbreaking research n eyewitness testimny （证据）.Her wrk shwed that memries can easily be influenced，even after they've been created.Fr example，if tw eyewitnesses talk with each ther，their memries f events ften change，absrbing what they've heard frm the ther ne——but they wn't realize this has happened.Similarly，witnesses wh are shwn an image f an inncent persn，can smetimes stick it nt their memry f the actual event—a prcess knwn as uncnscius transference （无意识的转移）.It is estimated that arund 70% f wrngful cnvictins （定罪），later verturned by DNA evidence，are due t mistaken eyewitness testimny.
In sme cases，memries can even be deliberately created and implanted.The Lst in the Mall experiment tk a test grup f subjects and talked t them in depth abut key childhd memries while als adding an invented ne—the experience f having been lst in a shpping center.It was fund that between a quarter and a third f subjects nt nly accepted this new memry as genuine but enriched it with specific details.
Mst f us have certain key memries f being a very yung child.But research suggests that they're highly unlikely t be actual memries due t the way memry is stred in the baby brain.Yur precius first memry may well nt be a real memry，and we're all perhaps living in ur imaginatins mre than we realize.
（1）What des the underlined wrd "malleable" in paragraph 1 mean？
A．Trustwrthy.
B．False.
C．Easily changed.
D．Deeply impressive.
（2）Which will influence the memry f eyewitnesses？
A．Pwerful DNA evidence.
B．Pictures stuck in their memry.
C．Reduced accuracy f cnvictins.
D．Exchanged infrmatin between them.
（3）What can we learn abut "The Lst in the Mall" experiment？
A．It was designed t investigate mistaken eyewitness testimny.
B．Its subjects culd recall specific details f a shpping center.
C．Its subjects made believe that they had been lst in a shpping center.
D．It demnstrated that invented experiences culd be fixed in ne's memry.
（4）What can be a suitable title fr the text？
A．The Unreliable Nature f Memry.
B．Revised Eyewitness Testimny.
C．Reflectin n Sweet Childhd.
D．An Explratin f Truth and Fictin.
21．（2024•南岗区校级三模） Thrughut histry，literature has been a mirrr t sciety，capturing its evlutin，revlutins，cnflicts，and ambitin.As reaers，we ften find cmfrt，inspiratin，r severe realities thrugh the wrld f wrds.Yet，in the 21st century，with a sharp rise in digitalizatin，literature's canvas（画布）has expanded dramatically，leading t bth enthusiasm and wrry amng literary enthusiasts.
Dr.Elizabeth Mntgmery，a famus literary critic and prfessr at the Langfrd Literary University，set abut an extensive study t decipher（破译） the changing landscape f literature in the digital age."The printed wrd has a tuchable beauty and permanence.Digital platfrms，n the ther hand，are vast，changing，and develping.This dichtmy（二分法） is interesting but als challenges traditinal literary bundaries，"reflected Mntgmery.
Mntgmery's study lasted ver tw years，invlving a diverse grup f 1，200 participants frm varius age grups and backgrunds.They were divided int three grups：the first experienced literature nly thrugh printed bks，the secnd thrugh e﹣bks，and the third thrugh interactive digital stries，which cmbine text，graphics，and user interactin.
Feedback revealed diverse insights.Printed bk fans value d the sensry experience—the feel f pages，the smell f a bk—claiming that it deepened their cnnectin t the cntent.E﹣bk readers appreciated the cnvenience and prtability but missed the tuchable experience f traditinal bks.Hwever，the third grup，wh engaged with interactive digital stries，expressed excitement at being part f the stry，thugh sme felt it weakened the literary essence.
Further，the study fund that interactive stries appealed especially t yunger readers，suggesting a ptential shift in future literary cnsumptin patterns.Mntgmery ntes，"While traditinalists might find the digital develpment f literature disturbing，it's undeniable that the bundary between readers and stries is becming mre fggy.The key is t balance innvatin with the preservatin f literary integrity."
（1）What was the purpse f Dr.Elizabeth Mntgmery's study？
A.T prmte digital platfrms ver printed bks.
B.T explre the impact f digitalizatin n literature.
C.T present the landscape f the digital literature.
D.T challenge the traditinal literary bundary.
（2）What can we learn abut the participants wh read printed bks？
A.They fund it cnvenient t carry the bks arund.
B.They believed the bks lacked the literary essence.
C.They thught they were happy t be invlved in the stry.
D.They felt the sensry experience prmted their understanding.
（3）What des the study suggest abut the future f literature cnsumptin？
A.Traditinal bks may be preferred by elder peple.
B.Digital stries will enjy equal preference f all ages.
C.Interactive stries may see a rise amng yunger readers.
D.E﹣bks will replace printed bks and dminate the market.
（4）What is Mntgmery's attitude t the digital develpment f literature？
A.Objective.
B.Dubtful.
C.Excited.
D.Uncncerned.
22．（2024•松江区模拟） Welcme t Muir Wds!This rare ancient frest is a kingdm f cast redwds，many ver 600 years ld.
Hw t get here？
Peple using persnal vehicles have must befre reservatins at the park.arriving（Details at ）
Muir Wds Natinal Mnument is pen daily，8 sunset.Stp by Visitr Center t get trails（路线）and prgram infrmatin，and t take in exhibits.
What's yur path？
Enjy a walk n the paved Redwd Creek Trail （als called Main Trail）.Chse shrt，medium，r lng lps（环线）.Other trails g deep int Muir Wds and Munt Tamalpais State Park.（Refer t the map f Muir Wds n the right fr details.）
Ready t explre mre？
Ready t explre mre？
Muir Wds is part f Glden Gate Natinal Recreatin Area，which includes Marin Headlands，Alcatraz，the Presidi，and Ocean Beach.Dwnlad the app at
Stay safe and prtect yur park.
Wi﹣Fi and cell service are nt available.•Watch fr pisnus plants and falling branches.•D nt feed r disturb animals.•Fishing is prhibited in the park.•D nt mark r remve trees，flwers，r ther natural features.•G t the park website fr mre safety tips and regulatins.
Accessibility
We make a great effrt t make facilities，services，and prgrams accessible t all .Fr infrmatin，g t Visitr Center，ask a ranger，call，r check ur website.
Mre Infrmatin
Muir Wds Natinal Mnument Mill Valley，CA 94941﹣2696
（1）Muir Wds will prbably attract .
①redwd lvers
②hunting lvers
③fishing lvers
④hiking lvers
A.①②
B.③④
C.①④
D.②③
（2）What can be learned frm the passage？
A.Muir wds is surrunded by highland and cean beaches.
B.Visitrs can read electrnic maps using Wi﹣Fi in Muir Wds.
C.Visitrs are advised t call Visitr Center fr safety tips and regulatins.
D.Reservatins shuld be made if visitrs drive private cars t Muir Wds.
（3）Accrding t the map f Muir Wds， .
A.Bridge 4 is the farthest frm the parking lts f all bridges
B.Mill Valley is lcated n the suthwest side f Muir Beach
C.Btjack Trail can lead ne t Visitr Center frm Bridge 3
D.fd and gifts can be bught n varius sites in Muir Wds
23．（2024•桂林三模）
The Best Cmputer Science Cmpetitins fr Students
Bebras
Bebras is a cmputing cmpetitin where each participant gets 45 minutes t answer 15 multiple﹣chice questins n cmputatin al and lgical thinking.Students cmplete the challenge at schl，and they can track hw their cmputer science skills grw ver time.
Eligibility（资格） requirements：Any teacher can sign their students up fr the cmpetitin.
Prizes：Yur teacher can print certificates with yur level f achievement.
Cngressinal App Challenge
In this cmputer science cmpetitin，individual students r grups f up t fur design an app.The app can be created using any prgramming language and platfrm，and it can be n any theme r tpic.
Eligibility requirements：Yu must be a middle r high schl student in a participating district.
Prizes：Winning apps are qualified t be displayed in the US Capitl Building and featured n the Huse f Representatives' website.Winners are als invited t attend a receptin n Capitl Hill and may be awarded additinal spnsr prizes.
Internatinal Olympiad in Infrmatics（IOI）
Each cuntry sends a grup f fur students，wh cmpete individually，t the tw﹣day internatinal cmpetitin.American students must win the USACO cmpetitin（see belw）t be chsen t participate.
Eligibility requirements：Yu must be secndary schl students wh win yur natinal cmpetitin.
Prizes：IOI fficially nly gives medals t the winners.Hwever，the real prize is being able t write dwn"IOI winner"when yu apply t a cllege，which will give yu a big advantage in mst tp Science，Technlgy，Engineering and Mathematics（STEM） cllege prgrams.
USA Cmputing Olympiad（USACO）
This well﹣knwn and well﹣regarded cmpetitin tests skills in areas such as prgramming prblems that can be slved using varius prgramming languages.Students cmpete in three nline cntests，plus a natinal"US Open"cmpetitin.Frm these results，the tp 24 r s scrers are invited t a training camp in the early summer.At the end f the camp，the tp fur participants are invited t attend IOI（see abve）.
Eligibility requirements：Yu must be a middle schl r high schl student in the US.
Prizes：Tp fur participants g n t cmpete at IOI.
（1）Which cmpetitin is pen t any student？
A.Bebras.
B.USA Cmputing Olympiad.
C.Cngressinal App Challenge.
D.Internatinal Olympiad in Infrmatics.
（2）What is special abut Cngressinal App Challenge？
A.Participants must be guided by teachers.
B.An app can fcus n mre than ne tpic.
C.It allws participants t cmpete as a team.
D.Participants must win the USACO cmpetitin.
（3）What prize can an Internatinal Olympiad in Infrmatics winner get？
A.A jb ffer frm a website.
B.An invitatin t Capitl Hill.
C.A chance t cmpete at Bebras.
D.An additin t the cllege applicatin.
24．（2024•全国模拟） Urban agriculture，the practice f farming within the limits f a city，is becming increasingly ppular wrldwide and is cnsidered a way t make cities and urban fd systems mre sustainable.Despite strng evidence f the scial and nutritinal benefits f urban agriculture，its carbn ftprint remains understudied.
Mst previusly published studies have fcused n high﹣tech，energy﹣intensive frms f urban agriculture—such as vertical（垂直的） farms and rftp greenhuses.The new study aimed t fill sme f the knwledge gaps by cmparing the carbn ftprints f fd prduced at lw﹣tech urban agriculture sites t cnventinal crps.
The researchers calculated the greenhuse gas emissins（排放） assciated with n﹣farm materials and activities ver the lifetime f the farm.The emissins，expressed in kilgrams f carbn dixide equivalents per serving f fd，were then cmpared t fds raised by cnventinal methds.
Farmers and gardeners at urban agriculture sites acrss the wrld were emplyed t use daily diary entries t take dwn inputs—the materials used t cnstruct farms and cultivate crps—and harvests frm their fd﹣grwing sites thrughut the 2019 seasn.
"By assessing actual inputs and utputs n urban agriculture sites，we were able t determine climate change impacts t each serving f prduce，"says study c﹣lead authr Benjamin Gldstein，assistant prfessr in the Schl fr Envirnment and Sustainability.On average，fd prduced thrugh urban agriculture released 0.42 kilgrams f carbn dixide equivalents per serving，six times higher than the 0.07 kg CO2e per serving f cnventinally grw n prduce.
It's als fund that mst f the climate impacts at urban farms are driven by the infrastructure （基础设施），such as the raised beds in which fd is grwn，r pathways between plts."These farms typically nly perate fr a few years，s the greenhuse gases used t prduce thse materials are nt used effectively.Cnventinal agriculture，instead，is very efficient and hard t cmpete with"，Gldstein says.Fr example，cnventinal farms ften grw a single crp with the help f pesticides and fertilizers，resulting in larger harvests and a reduced carbn ftprint when cmpared t urban farms，he says.
（1）What is a benefit f urban agriculture？
A.Sustainable fd supply.
B.High fd utput.
C.Effective energy cnservatin.
D.Lw carbn ftprint.
（2）Hw is the research data cllected？
A.By accessing nline database.
B.By examining previus studies.
C.By cnducting persnal interviews.
D.By recrding infrmatin every day.
（3）What culd be dne t reduce carbn ftprint accrding t Gldstein？
A.Increase varieties f crps.
B.Extend infrastructure lifetimes.
C.Prmte rftp greenhuses.
D.Use mdern agriculture facilities.
（4）What is the passage mainly abut？
A.The benefits f traditinal crps.
B.The ppularity f urban agriculture.
C.The strategies t fight glbal warming.
D.The carbn ftprint f urban farm prduce.
25．（2024•渝中区校级模拟） Recently it has dawned n the gvernment that clsing mre than 1，000 f England's railway statin ticket ffices wuld nt be very smart plitics.The transprt secretary，Mark Harper，annunced that train peratrs had been asked t withdraw the cst﹣cutting strategy，which the gvernment itself had riginally pushed n them.The writing was already n the wall in the summer，when public anger led t an extensin f the cnsultatin perid n the prpsed clsures.By the time it ended，750，000 respnses had been recrded，99%f them negative.
The public's cncerns were ver future access t travel advice and infrmatin，assistance fr disabled peple，safety at understaffed statins，and cnsequences fr the digitally excluded.But the passinate ppsitin als underlined a widespread sense that railway statins must be mre than transit（交通）znes.Cmbined with a refrmed ticketing system，that insight shuld nw infrm a psitive apprach t breathing life int England's railways and attracting mre peple back n t trains.
As a reprt published this autumn by the Campaign fr Better Transprt sets ut，there is an urgent case fr fairer ticketing refrm acrss the netwrk.Fr ver a decade，the relative cst f taking the train rather than the car has skyrcketed，as fares have risen while fuel duty has been frzen.Over a third f the public are cnfused by the numerus types f ticket available，and the cmplex regulatins that apply t them.Why shuld an anytime return frm Chelmsfrd t Lndn cst &32.60，when t cver the same distance frm Grays t Lndn csts E 13.40？
The failed attempt t shut dwn ticket ffices had its rts in a shrt﹣term ministerial respnse t falling revenues（收入）.But as the cuntry strives t achieve a challenging green transitin，the gvernment shuld wrk t establish a simpler，fairer ticketing system that ffers imaginative rewards t take the train；and t develp an ambitius plan fr ur statins —ne that reflects their imprtant rle in the lives f the travelling public.
（1）What des the underlined wrds in the first paragraph prbably mean？
A．The public expressed their anger.
B．The prpsal was put up n a wall.
C．Unfavrable utcme was expected.
D．The gvernment adpted the plicy.
（2）What can be inferred abut England's railways？
A．They have expanded their services.
B．They have undergne ticketing refrm.
C．They have included mre transit znes.
D．They have seen a decline in public favr.
（3）What des paragraph 3 mainly fcus n？
A．The ppularity f car wnership.
B．The develpment f ticketing refrm.
C．The prblems f the ticketing system.
D．The applicatin f cmplex regulatins.
（4）What is the best title fr the text？
A．Rising Prices f Train Travel
B．Urgent Calls fr Rail Revival
C．Failed Clsure f Railway Statins
D．Tugh Rute t Green Transit Initiatives
2025年菁优高考英语压轴训练1
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共25小题）
1．（2024•坪山区校级模拟） We travelled in Thailand.The staff at the htels we stayed in went ut f their way t make us feel welcme.Yu may say that they were just ding their jbs，but this is nt hw it felt t us.At the iuDia Htel in Ayutthaya the staff went abve and beynd what we wuld have expected.The dining rm was nt pen in the evening and when we asked where we culd get a takeaway meal the frnt desk girl walked us t the nearby restaurant.She explained that the htel staff wuld prvide us with plates and dishes nce we returned.Nt nly did they prvide what we needed，but they als put ur fd in servicing bwls and tk care f the clean﹣up while we slept.We were grateful and deeply tuched by their kindness and care.
Fr the rest f ur visit t Thailand we stayed at the Nvtel in Rangsit.Since we were there fr a lng perid f time we became familiar with a few f the staff.They paid attentin t ur needs and did their best t ensure ur stay was a pleasant ne.They were als happy t stp and chat with us，asking questins abut ur stay，what we had dne that day，recmmending things fr us t d and sharing parts f their persnal lives with us.Again，it may be said that their friendliness was part f their jb but smehw，I did nt feel that was the case.It felt natural，pen and hnest and I wuld like t think that they enjyed ur cnversatins as much as we enjyed theirs.
On ne f ur walks my brther and I were ffered bttles f fresh water by ne f the lcals.She felt that we needed it and did nt want t take payment fr the tw bttles she ffered.She finally agreed t take 10 Thai bahts（泰铢）.Instead we gave her 20.
（1）Why des the authr give the dining rm as an example？ B
A．T tell us when the usual dinner starts in Thailand.
B．T explain hw cnsiderate the staff in the htel are.
C．T tell us where t eat when the dining rm is clsed.
D．T shw it is hard t get a takeaway meal in Thailand.
（2）What can we knw abut the authr frm paragraph 2？ C
A．He tried t knw mre abut life in Thailand.
B．He wanted t shw what life he lived t the staff.
C．He was getting alng well with the staff in the htel.
D．He liked t knw mre abut ther peple's secrets.
（3）Why did the authr pay ne f the lcals 20 Thai bahts？ A
A．The authr wanted t express gratitude.
B．The lcal asked the authr fr 20 Thai bahts.
C．The authr didn't take any change fr the drink.
D．Each bttle f fresh water was wrth 10 Thai bahts.
（4）Which can best describe the authr's experience in Thailand？ D
A．Exciting.
B．Dangerus.
C．Disappinting.
D．Pleasant.
【考点】记叙文；旅游观光．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家在泰国温馨又愉快的旅行经历。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。从第一段We travelled in Thailand.The staff at the htels we stayed in went ut f their way t make us feel welcme.Yu may say that they were just ding their jbs，but this is nt hw it felt t us.（我们去泰国旅游了。我们住过的酒店的工作人员想尽办法让我们感到受欢迎。你可能会说他们只是在做他们的工作，但这不是我们的感觉）以及第一段She explained that the htel staff wuld prvide us with plates and dishes nce we returned.Nt nly did they prvide what we needed，but they als put ur fd in servicing bwls and tk care f the clean﹣up while we slept.We were grateful and deeply tuched by their kindness and care（她解释说，一旦我们回来，酒店工作人员会为我们提供盘子和盘子。他们不仅提供我们需要的东西，而且还把我们的食物放在服务碗里，并在我们睡觉的时候打扫卫生。我们很感激他们的善良和关怀，并深受感动）可知作者以餐厅为例来说明酒店的员工是多么的体贴。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。从第二段They paid attentin t ur needs and did their best t ensure ur stay was a pleasant ne.They were als happy t stp and chat with us，asking questins abut ur stay，what we had dne that day，recmmending things fr us t d and sharing parts f their persnal lives with us.Again，it may be said that their friendliness was part f their jb but smehw，I did nt feel that was the case.It felt natural，pen and hnest and I wuld like t think that they enjyed ur cnversatins as much as we enjyed theirs.（他们注意到我们的需要，尽最大努力确保我们住得愉快。他们也很乐意停下来和我们聊天，问一些关于我们住宿的问题，我们那天都做了些什么，给我们推荐一些可以做的事情，和我们分享他们个人生活的一部分。再次，可以说他们的友好是他们工作的一部分，但不知何故，我不觉得情况是这样的。感觉很自然，开放和诚实，我想他们喜欢我们的谈话，就像我们喜欢他们的谈话一样。）可知他和酒店的员工相处得很好。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。从最后一段On ne f ur walks my brther and I were ffered bttles f fresh water by ne f the lcals.She felt that we needed it and did nt want t take payment fr the tw bttles she ffered.She finally agreed t take 10 Thai bahts（泰铢）.Instead we gave her 20.（在一次散步中，一位当地人给了我和弟弟几瓶淡水。她觉得我们需要它，不想接受她提供的两瓶酒的付款。最后，她同意带10泰铢。我们给了她20块。）可知作者付给一个当地人20泰铢，因为作者想表示感谢。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。从第一段We travelled in Thailand.The staff at the htels we stayed in went ut f their way t make us feel welcme.Yu may say that they were just ding their jbs，but this is nt hw it felt t us.（我们去泰国旅游了。我们住过的酒店的工作人员想尽办法让我们感到受欢迎。你可能会说他们只是在做他们的工作，但这不是我们的感觉）可知作者在泰国的经历是愉快的。故选D。
【点评】一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
2．（2024•魏都区校级三模） Let's face it：Life is hard.But it desn't have t be，especially if yu have the fllwing prducts.Frm a wrkut mirrr t a water purifier，yur day t day rutine is abut t get a lt easier.
Temp Mve
＄495
Temp makes exercise truly cnvenient frm yur wn hme.Yu may recgnize it as ne f the many wrkut mirrrs n the market，but the new temp mve system allws yu t easily cnnect yur phne and their apps t a TV，and fllw alng with all their wnderful classes.
VIVE Flw
＄499 AT VIVE.COM
Vive gggles will bring an extremely accessible and refreshing apprach t the VR wrld.The Vive gggles are，well，a pair f gggles nt unlike smething yu'd wear t snwbard.They're extremely lightweight with a lightning fast set﹣up that's suitable fr things like watching Netflix，r meditatin（冥想）.It's the calmest headset I've ever wrn and uses cameras t let yu cntrl everything with just yur hands.
Hisense 75''U 80 X0 GR 8 K ULED Rku TV
＄1，800 AT BEST BUY
8 K sunded like a luxury，but nw that brands like Hisense，which fcus n a mre affrdable versin，have gt sme time with the tech.Yu can finally bring the deep clr utput and astnishing de tail int yur living rm.Calling it"affrdable"may be a little verstate，but cmpared t mst 8 KTVs which all run ver ＄5，000，it's the mst cst﹣efficient versin f the tech we've gt.
LARQ Water Purifier
＄139 AT LIVELARQ.COM
Larq just made yur water cleaner with light technlgy.The best part is that it sme hw manages t taste clean and fresh t.And while I thught it may be a trick，I've frced friends，family，and strangers t cmpare，and they all agree.Even if yu dn't care abut clean water，yu'll care abut that，right？
（1）What can be inferred abut Vive Gggles？ A
A.They are user﹣friendly.
B.They help keep track f weight.
C.They are intended fr snwbarders.
D.They can cntrl everything.
（2）What is special abut Hisense 8 K TV？ C
A.Its lk is luxurius.
B.Its tech is advanced.
C.It is ecnmical.
D.It features deep clr.
（3）Where is the text prbably taken frm？ C
A.A cnsumer review.
B.A science reprt.
C.An nline advertisement.
D.A prduct intrductin.
【考点】应用文；科技．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这篇文章主要介绍了四种可以使生活更便捷的产品。首先是Temp Mve，一种可以在家中方便锻炼的设备，可以通过手机和电视连接并参与各种课程。其次是VIVE Flw，一种轻便且易于设置的VR眼镜，适合观看Netflix或进行冥想。接着是Hisense的75英寸8 K电视，相比其他品牌的8 K电视，其价格更为亲民。最后是LARQ水净化器，使用光技术清洁水源，使水味更加清新。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据VIVE Flw部分Vive gggles will bring an extremely accessible and refreshing apprach t the VR wrld.The Vive gggles are，well，a pair f gggles nt unlike smething yu'd wear t snwbard.They're extremely lightweight with a lightning fast set﹣up that's suitable fr things like watching Netflix，r meditatin（冥想）.It's the calmest headset I've ever wrn and uses cameras t let yu cntrl everything with just yur hands.（Vive眼镜将为虚拟现实世界带来一种非常方便和令人耳目一新的方式。Vive护目镜，嗯，是一副护目镜，和你戴在滑雪板上的东西没什么不同。它们非常轻，设置速度极快，适合看Netflix或冥想。这是我戴过的最平静的耳机，它有摄像头，让你只用手就能控制一切。）可知Vive Gggles对用户很友好。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Hisense 75''U 80 X0 GR 8 K ULED Rku TV部分Calling it"affrdable"may be a little verstate，but cmpared t mst 8 KTVs which all run ver ＄5，000，it's the mst cst﹣efficient versin f the tech we've gt.（说它"经济实惠"可能有点夸张，但与大多数售价超过5000美元的8台KTV相比，它是我们所拥有的技术中最具成本效益的版本。）可知海信8 K电视的特别之处是经济实惠。故选C。
（3）文章出处题。根据第一段Let's face it：Life is hard.But it desn't have t be，especially if yu have the fllwing prducts.Frm a wrkut mirrr t a water purifier，yur day t day rutine is abut t get a lt easier.（让我们面对现实吧：生活是艰难的。但它并不一定是，特别是如果你有以下产品。从健身镜到净水器，你的日常生活将变得容易得多。）和下文对于产品功能和网址等的介绍可知，本文应该来源于在线商品广告。故选C。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
3．（2024•雁塔区校级模拟）Dear Mr.Bran﹣sn，
I truly lve Virgin Atlantic，which is why I cntinue t chse yur flights despite a series f unfrtunate incidents ver the last few years.This latest incident takes the biscuit，﹣sn，lk at the mustard.It was intended t accmpany mashed ptat.Hwever，here was mre mustard than any persn culd handle in a muthful.The ptat masher had bviusly brken，s it was decided the next best thing t d was pass the ptates thrugh the digestive system f a bird and blend it with "a bit" f mustard.Of curse，Mr.Bran﹣sn，everybdy likes "a bit" f mustard.
By then，I felt a little sick，and I needed a sugar hit.Luckily，a small ckie was prvided，but it appeared t be sme srt f backstreet undergrund ckie.Imagine biting int a piece f metal，Mr.Bran﹣sn.That wuld be sfter n the teeth than this ne.
Exhausted and starving，I decided t resrt t yur wrld﹣famus nbard entertainment，s I switched n the screen.Guess what？It was incredibly hard t capture Bris Jhnsn's face thrugh the flickering white lines running up and dwn the screen.I'd had enugh，but my nly ptin was t simply stare at the seat and wait fr either fd r sleep.Neither came fr an incredibly lng time.
S that was that.As I said at the start，I lve yur brand.It's just a shame that such a simple thing culd bring it crashing t its knees and begging fr fd.
Best regards，
Oliver Beale
（1）What feeling des the underlined phrase "takes the biscuit" in paragraph 1 imply？ B
A．An air f indifference.
B．A sense f frustratin.
C．A hint f anxiety.
D．A burst f pain.
（2）What did the authr think f the mashed ptat？ C
A．It lked like metal.
B．It tasted like bird fd.
C．It cntained t much mustard.
D．It was cked in a special way.
（3）Why did the authr turn n the screen？ A
A．T distract himself frm feeling unwell.
B．T find ut infrmatin abut the flight.
C．T appreciate a famus actr's perfrmance.
D．T test the quality f nbard entertainment.
（4）What's the purpse f the letter？ D
A．T ffer cnstructive suggestins.
B．T warn against an airline cmpany.
C．T inquire abut slutins t a prblem.
D．T cmplain abut unsatisfactry service.
【考点】应用文；日常生活．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是Oliver Beale向航空公司的投诉信，投诉航班上的体验差。
【解答】（1）词义猜测题。根据第一段I truly lve Virgin Atlantic，which is why I cntinue t chse yur flights despite a series f unfrtunate incidents ver the last few years.（我真的很喜欢维珍航空，这就是为什么尽管过去几年发生了一系列不幸事件，我仍然选择你们的航班）结合thugh表示转折，由此可知，作者的确是维珍航空的忠实顾客，但是最近发生的这件事让作者感到失望、沮丧，A．An air f indifference漠不关心的样子；B．A sense f frustratin挫败感；C．A hint f anxiety一丝焦虑；D．A burst f pain一阵疼痛。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段Hwever，here was mre mustard than any persn culd handle in a muthful.The ptat masher had bviusly brken，s it was decided the next best thing t d was pass the ptates thrugh the digestive system f a bird and blend it with "a bit" f mustard.Of curse，Mr.Bran﹣sn，everybdy likes "a bit" f mustard.（然而，这里的芥末太多了，任何人一口都吃不完。马铃薯捣碎器显然已经坏了，所以他们决定把土豆放进鸟的消化系统，再和"一点"芥末混在一起。当然，布兰森先生，每个人都喜欢"一点"芥末）可知，土豆泥中的芥末过多，故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段Exhausted and starving，I decided t resrt t yur wrld﹣famus nbard entertainment，s I switched n the screen.（又累又饿，我决定求助于你们举世闻名的机上娱乐，所以我打开了屏幕）可知，作者打开电视屏幕是因为感到又累又饿，因此用飞机上的娱乐设施来转移注意力，故选A。
（4）目的意图题。作者在第一段讲述了对土豆泥的不满，在第二段讲述了对饼干的不满，在第三段讲述了对飞机上娱乐设施的不满。此外，在第一段和最后一段提到了"yur flights"以及"yur brand"。由此可推知，作者应该是在向航空公司投诉一次不满意的经历，故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4．（2024•重庆一模） In July 1915，severely trtured by his pr health，James Murray，ne f the early editrs f the Oxfrd English Dictinary （OED），defined ne final wrd.After his 36 years' dedicatin t the dictinary，his hard labur had taken a tll， knwing he wuld nt see the prject cmplete.
The petic quality f Murray's final days is ne f the many memrable tales in The Dictinary Peple.Beginning in 1857，the OED was a huge crwdsurcing prject ﹣ "the Wikipedia f the 19th century" ﹣ cmprising 3，000 peple.The idea was t create a "descriptive" dictinary that tracked wrds' use and meaning ver time，unlike its "prescriptive"18th﹣century predecessr by Samuel Jhnsn，which tld readers hw t say and use wrds.Vlunteers read widely，mailing in examples f hw "rare，ld﹣fashined，new，strange" wrds were used.What is surprising abut this fairly randm methd is that it wrked.
The rigin stry f Sarah Ogilvie's bk is almst as imprbable as that f the dictinary itself.Ms Ogilvie，a frmer schlar wh served as an editr fr the OED，went int the dcuments f Oxfrd University Press and came acrss an ld ntebk.It had belnged t Murray and cntained the names and details f the dictinary vlunteers，mst f whm had previusly been unknwn.The Dictinary Peple is her wrk f detective schlarship，bringing the lives behind the names t readers.
Ms Ogilvie's bk is full f intriguing stries.The presentatin f the bk is uncnventinal，t，taking its structure frm the wrk it describes.There are 26 alphabetical chapters，each celebrating a grup f cntributrs （ memrably， "K" is fr "kleptmaniac" peple wh desire t steal）.This is a clever arrangement，thugh it smetimes means that brader issues emerge nly in pieces.
Essentially，this is a stry abut rdinary peple.It is cncrete prf f thse wh，t cite dictinary﹣helper Gerge Elit， "lived faithfully a hidden life，and rest in unvisited tmbs".
（1）What des the underlined expressin "taken a tll" in paragraph 1 mean？ D
A．Paid ff.
B．Prved in vain.
C．Wrn ut the passin.
D．Had a harmful effect.
（2）What can we learn abut the Oxfrd English Dictinary？ C
A．It serves as an example f dictinary editing.
B．It prvides precise directins fr wrd usage.
C．It is a cperative wrk f many vlunteers.
D．It was edited with the help f Samuel Jhnsn.
（3）What is paragraph 3 mainly abut？ A
A．The stry behind Sarah Ogilvie's bk.
B．The detective methds f Sarah Ogilvie.
C．Legends f the early OED editrs.
D．Murray's rle in editing the OED.
（4）Where is the text mst prbably taken frm？ A
A．A review f a bk.
B．A bigraphy f an editr.
C．An essay n dictinary editing.
D．An intrductin t a dictinary.
【考点】说明文；创新与创业．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对Ogilvie女士的书的评论及介绍了第一部牛津字典的形成及背后的人对它的重大贡献。
【解答】（1）词义猜测题。根据第一段After his 36 years' dedicatin t the dictinary，his hard labur had ...（在他36年致力于编纂词典之后，他的辛勤劳动。）及最后一句knwing he wuld nt see the prject cmplete.（因为他不会看到项目完成。）可知，因为他不会看到项目完成，所以在他36年致力于编纂词典之后，他的辛勤劳动没有产生明显的效果。因此划线词的意思是"产生了有害的影响"。A．Paid ff.得到了回报；B．Prved in vain.证明是徒劳的；C．Wrn ut the passin.消磨了激情；D．Had a harmful effect.产生了有害的影响。故选D项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Beginning in 1857，the OED was a huge crwdsurcing prject ﹣ "the Wikipedia f the 19th century" ﹣ cmprising 3，000 peple.（从1857年开始，牛津英语词典是一个庞大的众包项目—"19世纪的维基百科"—由3000人组成。）及第二段Vlunteers read widely，mailing in examples f hw "rare，ld﹣fashined，new，strange" wrds were used.（志愿者们广泛阅读，邮寄"稀有、老式、新、奇怪"单词的使用示例。）可知，这是许多志愿者的合作工作。故选C项。
（3）段落大意题。根据第三段Ms Ogilvie，a frmer schlar wh served as an editr fr the OED，went int the dcuments f Oxfrd University Press and came acrss an ld ntebk.It had belnged t Murray and cntained the names and details f the dictinary vlunteers，mst f whm had previusly been unknwn.The Dictinary Peple is her wrk f detective schlarship，bringing the lives behind the names t readers.（曾担任《牛津英语词典》编辑的学者Ogilvie女士查阅了牛津大学出版社的文件，发现了一本旧笔记本。它属于默里，包含了词典志愿者的姓名和详细信息，其中大多数人以前都不知道。《人物词典》是她的侦探学术作品，将名字背后的生活带给读者。）可知，这段讲的是Sarah Ogilvie的书背后的故事。因此A．The stry behind Sarah Ogilvie's bk.（Sarah Ogilvie的书背后的故事。）符合题意。故选A项。
（4）文章出处题。根据最后一段Essentially，this is a stry abut rdinary peple.It is cncrete prf f thse wh，t cite dictinary﹣helper Gerge Elit， "lived faithfully a hidden life，and rest in unvisited tmbs".（本质上，这是一个关于普通人的故事。用词典助手乔治•艾略特的话来说，这是这些人"忠实地过着隐秘的生活，安息在无人问津的坟墓里"的具体证据。）结合文章讲述了对Ogilvie女士的书的评论及介绍了第一部牛津字典的形成及背后的人对它的重大贡献。可知，这篇文章可能选自书评。故选A项。
【点评】一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
5．（2024•巴南区模拟） If yu're interested in increasing yur academic knwledge，cnsider taking an nline cllege curse.
Open Culture
It prvides access t ver 1，700 cllege curses fr free.They're chsen frm subjects like literature and cmputer science r specific schls like Harvard and Oxfrd.If yu want t btain an nline degree，yu pay﹣the﹣relevant fees.The site als prvides access t certificates，mvies，and e﹣bks.Sme curse categries include：
Architecture
Cmmunicatin
FutureLearn
It ffers free membership classes in several subjects，like law and literature，taught by cllege prfessrs and industry experts.Premium（高级） membership curses are available fr a fee.There are varius curse types，which are shrt curses，nline degrees，ExpertTracks and Micrcredentials.Yu can cmplete the curses at yur wn pace.Featured curses include：
Cpywriting Fundamentals
A Beginner's Guide t Fashin Design
Academic Earth
It matches prspective students with nline cursewrk，either t audit（旁听） r wrk twards a degree.It's free t audit classes，but it yu seek curse credits，yu pay a fee befre attending the class.Yu may als select the university yu wish t receive yur nline degree based n the nes the site ffers.Its degree prgram includes subjects like：
Business
Educatin
Cursera
It affrds students access t free curses and paid degree curses frm several distinguished internatinal clleges and universities.Frm the site，yu can explre earning a certificatin r a degree based n yur learning gals.If yu're seeking a new career path，the site can help yu with the prcess by ffering curses t develp yur skills and earn prfessinal dcuments.A few f the free classes ffered include：
Financial Markets
Intrductin t Psychlgy
（1）What is special abut FutureLearn's curses？ A
A.They can all be learned flexibly.
B.They all belng t premium members.
C.They're all related t law and literature.
D They're all taught by cllege prfessrs.
（2）If yu want t make a career change，which will yu g t fr a new skill？ D
A.Academic Earth.
B.Open Culture.
C.FutureLearn.
D.Cursera.
（3）What d the nline learning platfrms have in cmmn？ C
A.They're fit fr beginners with free time.
B.They specifically serve wrking peple.
C.They nly charge fr their certain curses.
D.They ffer curses fr awarding degrees nly.
【考点】应用文；学习．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】ADC
【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了四个在线教育平台：Open Culture、FutureLearn、Academic Earth和Cursera，它们提供了包括文学、计算机科学等学科领域的免费大学课程，部分平台还提供付费的在线学位和证书。这些课程覆盖了建筑、通讯、商业、教育等多个领域，既有由大学教授和行业专家授课的免费课程，也有需要付费的高级课程和专业认证。学习者可以根据自己的需求和进度选择课程，并有机会获得相应大学颁发的在线学位。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据FutureLearn部分There are varius curse types，which are shrt curses，nline degrees，ExpertTracks and Micrcredentials.（有各种各样的课程类型，包括短期课程、在线学位、专家课程和微证书。）可知FutureLearn的课程的特别之处是它们都可以灵活地学习。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Cursera部分If yu're seeking a new career path，the site can help yu with the prcess by ffering curses t develp yur skills and earn prfessinal dcuments.（如果你正在寻找一条新的职业道路，该网站可以通过提供课程来帮助你发展技能并获得专业文件。）可知如果你想转行，你会去Cursera学习新技能。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据这几部分的If yu want t btain an nline degree，yu pay﹣the﹣relevant fees.（如果你想获得在线学位，你需要支付相关费用）；Premium（高级） membership curses are available fr a fee.（高级会员课程是收费的）；It's free t audit classes，but it yu seek curse credits，yu pay a fee befre attending the class.（但如果你想获得课程学分，你需要在上课前付费）以及It affrds students access t free curses and paid degree curses frm several distinguished internatinal clleges and universities.（它为学生提供来自几所著名国际学院和大学的免费课程和付费学位课程。）可知在线学习平台的共同之处是他们只对某些课程收费。故选C。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
6．（2024•诸暨市模拟） Whales are celebrated fr being the largest and mst intelligent creatures in the cean.Nw，bilgists have discvered that they als capture （捕获） tns f carbn frm the atmsphere，a service with an ecnmic value f US ＄1 trillin fr all the great whales，accrding t a new study published by the Internatinal Mnetary Fund.The study pints ut that prtecting whales，nrmally viewed as a human gd，als has a mnetary mtivatin.
"The carbn capture ptential f whales is truly incredible，" said the reprt. "Our cnservative estimates put the value f the average great whale at mre than US ＄2 millin，and easily ver US＄1 trillin fr the current stck f great whales." Whales absrb carbn in their bdies during their lng lives，sme f which stretch t 200 years.When they die，they sink t the bttm f the cean，taking the carbn with them.Accrding t the study，each great whale traps arund 33 tns f carbn dixide n average.A tree during the same perid nly cntributes t 3 percent f the carbn absrptin f the whale.
Whale ppulatins are tday a smidgen f what they nce were.It is estimated that there are slightly mre than 1.3 millin whales in the cean，a quarter f their pre﹣whaling number f 4 t 5 millin.Sme species in particular，like the blue whale，are nly 3 percent f what they used t be. "We can create financial methds t prmte the restratin f the wrld's whale ppulatins，" said the reprt's authrs. "Rewards culd help thse wh pay significant csts as a result f whale prtectin."
With the Paris Agreement cming int frce next year and the effects f climate change ever mre widespread，we must prevent the harm t whales.Researchers analyzed that unless new methds are put frward，it wuld take ver 30 years t duble the number f current whales，and several generatins t return them t their pre﹣whaling numbers. "Sciety and ur wn survival can't affrd t wait this lng，" they said.
（1）What des the new study reveal abut whales？ C
A．They are mney﹣makers fr gd.
B．Their intelligence is unquestinable.
C．They are a natural climate slutin.
D．Their survival is threatened by carbn.
（2）Why is a whale cmpared with a tree in paragraph 2？ C
A．T indicate all matter regarding green effrts.
B．T illustrate whales are friendly t the ceans.
C．T highlight whales' carbn capture ptential.
D．T emphasize the imprtance f tree planting.
（3）What can be inferred frm what researchers said in paragraph 4？ D
A．Climate change intensifies.
B．Whale ppulatins stay lw.
C．Our survival is endangered.
D．Whale prtectin is a pririty.
（4）What is the mst suitable title fr the article？ A
A．Prtect whales t prtect the planet
B．Hw t restre whale ppulatins
C．Live in harmny with cean giants
D．Whales can guarantee ur survival
【考点】说明文；自然科学研究成果．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了研究发现鲸鱼有巨大的碳捕获能力，但是它们受到威胁，因此，我们必须保护鲸鱼，也就是保护地球和我们自己。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段Whales are celebrated fr being the largest and mst intelligent creatures in the cean.Nw，bilgists have discvered that they als capture （捕获） tns f carbn frm the atmsphere，a service with an ecnmic value f US ＄1 trillin fr all the great whales，accrding t a new study published by the Internatinal Mnetary Fund. （鲸鱼被认为是海洋中最大、最聪明的生物。根据国际货币基金组织发表的一项新研究，生物学家发现它们还从大气中捕获了数吨的碳，这一服务对所有大型鲸鱼来说都具有1万亿美元的经济价值）可知，新的研究发现，鲸鱼能从大气中捕获碳，它们是一种自然的气候解决方案。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第二段Accrding t the study，each great whale traps arund 33 tns f carbn dixide n average.A tree during the same perid nly cntributes t 3 percent f the carbn absrptin f the whale. （根据这项研究，每头鲸鱼平均能捕获33吨二氧化碳。在同一时期，一棵树只贡献了鲸鱼碳吸收的3%）可知，文章将鲸鱼捕获碳的能力与树木相比较，来强调鲸鱼的碳捕获巨大的潜力。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第四段Researchers analyzed that unless new methds are put frward，it wuld take ver 30 years t duble the number f current whales，and several generatins t return them t their pre﹣whaling numbers. "Sciety and ur wn survival can't affrd t wait this lng，" they said.（研究人员分析说，除非提出新的方法，否则将需要30多年的时间才能使目前的鲸鱼数量增加一倍，并需要几代人的时间才能使它们恢复到捕鲸前的数量。他们说："社会和我们自己的生存等不起这么久。"）可知，研究人员表示，需要使用新的方法使鲸鱼的数量尽快恢复，否则会威胁我们自身的生存。因此，保护鲸鱼是当务之急。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章第一段Whales are celebrated fr being the largest and mst intelligent creatures in the cean.Nw，bilgists have discvered that they als capture （捕获） tns f carbn frm the atmsphere，a service with an ecnmic value f US ＄1 trillin fr all the great whales，accrding t a new study published by the Internatinal Mnetary Fund. （鲸鱼被认为是海洋中最大、最聪明的生物。根据国际货币基金组织发表的一项新研究，生物学家发现它们还从大气中捕获了数吨的碳，这一服务对所有大型鲸鱼来说都具有1万亿美元的经济价值）及第四段With the Paris Agreement cming int frce next year and the effects f climate change ever mre widespread，we must prevent the harm t whales.Researchers analyzed that unless new methds are put frward，it wuld take ver 30 years t duble the number f current whales，and several generatins t return them t their pre﹣whaling numbers. （随着《巴黎协定》明年生效，气候变化的影响越来越广泛，我们必须防止对鲸鱼的伤害。研究人员分析说，除非提出新的方法，否则将需要30多年的时间才能使现有鲸鱼的数量翻倍，并需要几代人才能使其恢复到捕鲸前的数量。）可知，鲸鱼有巨大的碳捕获能力，但是它们受到威胁，因此，我们必须保护鲸鱼，也就是保护地球和我们自己。A选项"保护鲸鱼就是保护地球"为最佳标题。故选A。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
7．（2024•安徽三模） The fact that gender diversity is smething that cmpanies cnstantly desire highlights the prblem in itself.Actually，there are several prfessinal industries where the female t male rati（比例）is still nwhere clse t equal.Acrss industries，the wrkfrce gender balance is still highly skewed（偏向…的），even in dmains which d nt cnventinally invlve labrius wrk.The tech industry is a case in pint，with the wrkfrce imbalance definitely being ne f the mst prminent n the list.
Diversity and inclusin need t g hand in hand，and wmen arund the wrld are increasingly assuming imprtant psitins and taking cre decisins in the tech sectr.These wmen are driving technlgical change and innvatin which impact the industry at large.
Gender diversity，like diversity in general，is imprtant fr varied perspectives and thught prcesses in a cmpany.These perspectives are what help shape advancements and new ideas in technlgy and verall peratins fr the success f the business.This is especially true fr technlgies such as AI.The effects f persnal biases n AI can tilt（使…倾斜）the results and，thus，they require a number f inputs and cautin n the team's part，t be able t prduce accurate slutins based n diverse and inclusive data.
Accrding t a 2017 reprt n Higher Educatin by the Ministry f Human Resurce Develpment，Gvernment f India，wmen were at r near parity（对等）amng undergraduate degrees in science IT and cmputer.Mst wmen equal men when it cmes t skills，but face discriminatin in ther areas，thus creating a gap and reducing the will t cntinue at the cmpany.
Accrding t reprts，biased treatment within the wrkplace is the mst frequently cited reasn fr leaving，fllwed by pr management.There is still scpe fr a shift in attitudes at wrkplaces，which is a majr bstacle when it cmes t retaining wmen emplyees.In rder t retain this talent and hire mre talent like this，gvernments，NGOs and leaders frm tech rganizatins need t cme tgether t help clse the gender gap further by prviding mre flexible wrk ptins and decisin﹣making pprtunities fr wmen.
Mre and mre wmen acrss the wrld are interested in pursuing tech careers r maintaining their existing nes.There is a need t encurage them t take up rles in AI and STEM（Science，Technlgy，Engineering，and Maths）with pprtunities that are bth fair and equal.Given the cmputer﹣driven nature f AI，there is a need fr wmen frm diverse backgrunds t balance ut the cnventinally male﹣dminated prfessin t give an accurate representatin.Thus，an inclusive and diverse wrkfrce，cmbined with better HR plicies will retain and draw in mre wmen.This，in turn，will help the entire tech industry t develp a mre cmprehensive，empathetic（感同身受的）way f peratins，which will undubtedly influence the future sci﹣cultural thread driven by prducts and services develped by them.
（1）Frm the first paragraph we knw that A .
A.gender balance prblem remains t be slved
B.labrius wrk demands mre gender balance
C.nt all industries have gender balance prblem
D.gender balance prblem has been mre serius
（2）Wmen emplyees are reprted t leave their jbs mainly because f B .
A.unsatisfying incme
B.unfair treatment
C.cmpetitive wrkplace
D.pr management
（3）Which f the fllwing can help t retain and attract mre wmen？ C
A.encuraging wmen t take up all kinds f rles
B.treating wmen emplyees mre kindly than t men emplyees
C.ffering wmen diverse wrk chices and decisin﹣making pprtunities
D.prviding a tlerant wrking envirnment cmbined with favrable welfare
（4）What is the purpse f writing this passage？ C
A.T appeal t wmen t prtect their prper rights
B.T present the fact f gender bias in the tech industry
C.T call fr mre wmen representatin in the tech industry
D.T teach the tech industry hw t get rid f gender bias
【考点】说明文；社会．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】ABCC
【分析】本文为说明文。短文主要指出，尽管企业不断追求性别多样性，但在许多专业领域，性别比例仍然不平等，尤其是在科技行业。文章强调，多样性和包容性对于公司的发展至关重要，特别是在人工智能等技术的发展中。女性在全球范围内逐渐承担起更多重要职位，但职场偏见和管理不善仍是女性员工流失的主要原因。因此，政府、非政府组织和企业领导者需要共同努力，提供更多灵活的工作选择和决策机会，以缩小性别差距，并鼓励更多女性投身于科技和STEM领域，以实现工作场所的多样性和包容性，从而推动整个科技行业更全面、更具同理心的运营方式。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Actually，there are several prfessinal industries where the female t male rati（比例） is still nwhere clse t equal.（事实上，有几个专业行业的男女比例仍然远未达到同等水平。）可知，性别平衡问题有待解决。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段Mst wmen equal men when it cmes t skills，but face discriminatin in ther areas，thus creating a gap and reducing the will t cntinue at the cmpany.（在技能方面，大多数女性与男性平起平坐，但在其他方面却面临歧视，从而造成了差距，降低了继续留在公司的意愿。）可知，据报道，女雇员离职的主要原因是不公平待遇。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第五段In rder t retain this talent and hi re mre talent like this，gvernments，NGOs and leaders frm tech rganizatins need t cme tgether t help clse the gender gap further by prviding mre flexible wrk ptins and decisin﹣making pprtunities fr wmen.（为了留住这一人才和更多这样的人才，政府、非政府组织和科技组织的领导人需要团结起来，通过为女性提供更灵活的工作选择和决策机会，进一步缩小性别差距。）可知，为妇女提供多样化的工作选择和决策机会有助于留住和吸引更多的妇女。故选C。
（4）写作意图题。根据全文和第一段The fact that gender diversity is smething that cmpanies cnstantly desire highlights the prblem in itself.Actually，there are several prfessinal industries where the female t male rati（比例）is still nwhere clse t equal.Acrss industries，the wrkfrce gender balance is still highly skewed（偏向…的），even in dmains which d nt cnventinally invlve labrius wrk.The tech industry is a case in pint，with the wrkfrce imbalance definitely being ne f the mst prminent n the list.（事实上，性别多样性是公司不断渴望的东西，这本身就凸显了问题。事实上，在一些专业行业中，女性与男性的比例仍然远远不相等。在各个行业中，即使在传统上不涉及繁重工作的领域，劳动力性别平衡仍然高度失衡。科技行业就是一个很好的例子，劳动力失衡无疑是最突出的行业之一。）可知文章的目的是呼吁科技行业有更多女性代表。故选C。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
8．（2024•安徽三模） Many peple view cities largely in negative terms﹣as crwded，dirty，unhealthy envirnments that are breeding（繁殖） grunds fr disease and crime.Peple fear that as cities get bigger，living cnditins will get wrse.T a grwing number f ecnmists，urban planners，and envirnmentalists，urbanizatin is gd news.Many planners nw believe big cities ffer a slutin t dealing with the prblem f Earth's grwing ppulatin.
Harvard ecnmist Edward Glaeser is ne persn wh believes that cities bring largely psitive benefits.Glaeser's ptimism is reflected in the title f his bk The Triumph f the City.Glaeser argues that pr peple flck t cities because that's usually where the mney is.Cities are prductive because f "the absence f space between peple"，which reduces the cst f transprting gds，peple，and ideas.While the flw f gds has always been imprtant t cities，what is mst imprtant tday is the flw f ideas.Successful cities attract and reward smart peple with higher wages，and they enable peple t learn frm ne anther.In the trading flr f the New Yrk Stck Exchange n Wall Street，emplyees wrk in ne pen，crwded space sharing infrmatin."They value knwledge ver space.That's what the mdern city is all abut."
Anther champin f urbanizatin is envirnmentalist Stewart Brand.Frm an eclgical perspective，says Brand，mving peple ut f cities wuld be disastrus.Because cities are dense，they allw half f the wrld's ppulatin t live n abut fur percent f the land，leaving mre space fr pen cuntry，such as farmland.Peple living in cities als have less impact per capita（人均） n the envirnment.Their rads，sewers（下水道），and pwer lines are shrter and require fewer resurces t build and perate.City apartments require less energy t heat，cl，and light than larger huses in suburbs and rural areas.Mst imprtantly，peple living in dense cities drive less.They can walk t many destinatins，and public transprtatin is practical because enugh peple travel regularly t the same places.As a result，dense cities tend t prduce fewer greenhuse gas emissins per persn than scattered，sprawling suburbs.
Despite the negative aspects such as pllutin and serius prblems like urban slums，it is a mistake t see urbanizatin as evil；instead，we shuld view it as an inevitable part f develpment.Rapid grwth itself is nt the real prblem﹣the larger issue is hw t manage the grwth.
（1）Why des the authr mentin the New Yrk Stck Exchange in Paragraph 2？ C
A.T indicate the space there is valuable.
B T shw hw gds can be exchanged.
C.T illustrate the imprtance f infrmatin flw.
D.T describe what a mdern city shuld lk like.
（2）The underlined wrd "champin"in Paragraph 3 prbably refers t a persn wh A .
A.advcates smething
B.challenges smething
C.achieves smething
D.prtects smething
（3）Stewart Brand believes that B .
A.urbanizatin wuld be mre disastrus
B life in cities is mre ecnmical than in rural areas
C.public transprtatin cnsumes mre energy in cities
D.peple living in rural areas have less impact n the envirnment
（4）Hw des the authr supprt Stewart Brand's idea in Paragraph 3？ B
A.By quting authrities.
B.By making cmparisns.
C.By analysing the causes.
D.By criticizing ppsing views.
【考点】说明文；社会．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】CABB
【分析】本文为说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了城市化带来的积极影响。经济学家、城市规划者和环保主义者认为城市化是好消息，大城市有助于解决地球人口增长问题。爱德华•格莱泽和斯图尔特•布兰德等人认为，城市因为人群密集、信息流通快，能提高生产力和环保效益，尽管存在污染和贫民窟等问题，但城市化不应被视为负面现象，关键在于如何管理其增长。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Successful cities attract and reward smart peple with higher wages，and they enable peple t learn frm ne anther.In the trading flr f the New Yrk Stck Exchange n Wall Street，emplyees wrk in ne pen，crwded space sharing infrmatin."They value knwledge ver space.That's what the mdern city is all abut."（成功的城市以更高的工资吸引和奖励聪明人，使人们能够相互学习。在华尔街纽约证券交易所的交易大厅里，员工们在一个开放、拥挤的空间里工作，共享信息。"他们重视知识而非空间。这就是现代城市的意义所在。"）可知，作者在第2段中提到了纽约证券交易所，以说明信息流的重要性。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段Anther champin f urbanizatin is envirnmentalist Stewart Brand.Frm an eclgical perspective，says Brand，mving peple ut f cities wuld be disastrus.（城市化的另一个拥护者是环保主义者斯图尔特•布兰德。布兰德说，从生态角度来看，将人们迁出城市将是灾难性的。）可知， "champin"意为"提倡做某事"。A.advcates smething主张某事；B.challenges smething挑战某事；C.achieves smething有所成就；D.prtects smething保护某物。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Their rads，sewers（下水道），and pwer lines are shrter and require fewer resurces t build and perate.City apartments require less energy t heat，cl，and light than larger huses in suburbs and rural areas.（他们的道路、下水道和电力线更短，建设和运营所需资源更少。城市公寓比郊区和农村地区的大房子需要更少的能源来供暖、制冷和照明。）可知，斯图尔特•布兰德认为城市生活比农村生活更经济。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段Their rads，sewers（下水道），and pwer lines are shrter and require fewer resurces t build and perate.City apartments require less energy t heat，cl，and light than larger huses in suburbs and rural areas.（他们的道路、下水道和电力线更短，建设和运营所需资源更少。城市公寓比郊区和农村地区的大房子需要更少的能源来供暖、制冷和照明。）可知，作者通过对比支持斯图尔特•布兰德的观点。故选B。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
9．（2024•未央区校级一模） Hng Kng and Macau are hme t several well﹣knwn universities that ffer diverse curses and prgrams t students.Here are sme f the universities and their key infrmatin.
The University f Hng Kng （HKU）
This university is ne f the ldest and mst prestigius in Asia，ffering undergraduate，graduate，and research prgrams in varius fields.Ppular majrs include business，engineering，law，and medicine.Admissin requirements vary depending n the prgram，but all applicants must have a high schl diplma r equivalent and be fluent in English.HKU ffers schlarships and financial assistance t bth lcal and internatinal students.
The Hng Kng University f Science and Technlgy （HKUST）
This university is famus fr its prgrams in science，engineering，and business.It als ffers prgrams in scial sciences and humanities.Admissin requirements include high academic achievement and language prficiency （English）.HKUST prvides a range f schlarships and financial aid packages t deserving students.
The Chinese University f Hng Kng （CUHK）
This university ffers a wide range f undergraduate and pstgraduate prgrams in areas such as business，science，scial sciences，and humanities.Admissin requirements include academic perfrmance，language prficiency （English and Chinese），and persnal qualities.CUHK prvides schlarships fr students frm different backgrunds and regins.
The University f Macau （UM）
This university is the nly public cmprehensive university in Macau，ffering prgrams in business，science，scial sciences，humanities，and educatin.Admissin requirements vary depending n the prgram，but all applicants must be fluent in English r Prtuguese （葡萄牙语）.UM ffers schlarships nly fr lcal students and des nt prvide accmmdatin fr any students.
（1）What majrs are liked and chsen mre at the University f Hng Kng？ C
A．Science，engineering，and business.
B．AI technlgy and English.
C．Business，engineering，law，and medicine.
D．Business，science，scial sciences，and humanities.
（2）Which f the fllwing statements abut the University f Macau is CORRECT？ A
A．UM des nt prvide financial aid t internatinal students.
B．UM is ne f the best public universities in Macau.
C．UM has the best business prgram in Macau.
D．UM des nt admit internatinal students.
（3）What d the fur universities mentined in the passage have in cmmn？ D
A．They all have high tuitin fees.
B．They all ffer great schlarships.
C．They all have high﹣quality drmitries.
D．They all have language requirements.
【考点】应用文；教育．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了香港和澳门的四所大学的相关信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据The University f Hng Kng （HKU）中的Ppular majrs include business，engineering，law，and medicine. （热门专业包括商科、工程、法律和医学）可知，商科、工程、法律和医学在香港大学是受欢迎和被更多人选择的专业。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据The University f Macau （UM）中的UM ffers schlarships nly fr lcal students and des nt prvide accmmdatin fr any students. （澳门大学只向本地学生提供奖学金，不为任何学生提供住宿）可知，澳门大学不为国际生提供奖学金。A．UM des nt prvide financial aid t internatinal students.澳大不向国际学生提供经济援助；B．UM is ne f the best public universities in Macau.澳门大学是澳门最好的公立大学之一；C．UM has the best business prgram in Macau.澳门大学拥有澳门最好的商业课程；D．UM des nt admit internatinal students.澳大不招收国际学生。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据The University f Hng Kng （HKU）部分的Admissin requirements vary depending n the prgram，but all applicants must have a high schl diplma r equivalent and be fluent in English. （入学要求因课程而异，但所有申请人必须具有高中文凭或同等学历，并且英语流利），The Hng Kng University f Science and Technlgy （HKUST）部分的It als ffers prgrams in scial sciences and humanities.Admissin requirements include high academic achievement and language prficiency （English）. （它还提供社会科学和人文学科的课程。入学要求包括较高的学术成就和语言能力（英语）），The Chinese University f Hng Kng （CUHK）部分的"Admissin requirements include academic perfrmance，language prficiency （English and Chinese），and persnal qualities. （入学条件包括学习成绩、语言能力（英语和汉语）和个人素质）和The University f Macau （UM）部分的Admissin requirements vary depending n the prgram，but all applicants must be fluent in English r Prtuguese （葡萄牙语）. （入学要求因课程而异，但所有申请人必须精通英语或葡萄牙语）可知，每个大学的录取要求中都有语言这一项。故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
10．（2024•博爱县校级一模） Mst f us wuld like t be mre creative，but we assume there is little we can d abut it.Psychlgy prfessr K.Anders Ericssn claims that with enugh practice，any f us can becme experts.Hwever，he is quick t add that this requires a specific kind f practice that Ericssn calls 'deliberate practice'：that is，pushing beynd ne's cmfrt zne and setting gals that are abve ne's current level f perfrmance.He says he has yet t find the limits n being successful and he desn't believe them t be real.
Ericssn has lked primarily at artistic and athletic skills，but can these findings apply t creativity？Mst experts agree that even if mst peple cannt hpe t becme creative geniuses，they can t becme mre creative thrugh practice.Psychlgists claim that there are actually tw levels f creativity，which they refer t as 'Big C' and 'small c'.Big C creativity applies t breakthrugh ideas，nes that may change the curse f a field r even histry.Small c creativity refers t everyday creative prblem slving，like creating a new recipe r imprving a prcess，which psychlgists subdivide further int similar and different thinking.Similar thinking invlves examining all the facts and arriving at a single slutin.In cntrast，different thinking invlves cming up with many pssible slutins.What mst peple think f as creativity generally invlves different thinking and can be taught，practised and learnt.
Even with practice，different thinking alne cannt make ne creative，hwever.Sctt Barry Kaufman，a cgnitive psychlgist，says that mst creative peple share ne persnality quality：penness t new experience.Since this quality and these prcesses have been identified，less creative peple can try t emulate them.Nrmally，we tend t reprduce what we already knw because creative ideas mve us int unfamiliar territry invlving risks and fllwing the usual behavirs is cmfrtable.
Mving utside f ur cmfrt zne，engaging in deliberate practice and tlerating cntradictry ideas，risk and failure are all things we can learn t d better.It is unlikely that ding s will transfrm any f us int creative geniuses，but it des have the ptential t increase ur level f creativity.
（1）Why des Ericssn think he can't find the limits？ A
A.N restrictins exist.
B.Practice makes perfect.
C.Each ne can succeed.
D.The gal is ambitius.
（2）Which f the fllwing is an example f 'small c'？ B
A.Settling in uter space.
B.Building a plastic dghuse.
C.Develping rbts t lk after the ld.
D.Explaining the thery f evlutin in class.
（3）What des the underlined wrd"emulate"in paragraph 3 mean？ C
A.Justify.
B.Limit.
C.Cpy.
D.Assess.
（4）What message des the authr seem t cnvey in the text？ A
A.We can learn t be mre creative.
B.Life is full f varius challenges.
C.It's better t take deliberate practice.
D.Mst can becme creative geniuses.
【考点】说明文；创新与创业．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】（1）﹣（4）ABCA
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讨论了如何提高创造力。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段Hwever，he is quick t add that this requires a specific kind f practice that Ericssn calls 'deliberate practice'：that is，pushing beynd ne's cmfrt zne and setting gals that are abve ne's current level f perfrmance.He says he has yet t find the limits n being successful and he desn't believe them t be real.（然而，他很快补充说，这需要一种特定的练习，爱立信称之为"刻意练习"：即超越自己的舒适区，设定高于自己当前表现水平的目标。他说他还没有找到成功的极限，他不相信这些极限是真实的。）可知爱立信认为他找不到极限，因为不存在任何限制。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第二段Small c creativity refers t everyday creative prblem slving，like creating a new recipe r imprving a prcess，which psychlgists subdivide further int similar and different thinking（小c创造力指的是日常创造性解决问题，比如创造一个新的食谱或改进一个过程，心理学家将其进一步细分为相似和不同的思维）可知建造一个塑料狗屋是"小c"的一个例子。故选B。
（3）猜测词义题。根据文章倒数第二段Since this quality and these prcesses have been identified，less creative peple can try t emulate them.Nrmally，we tend t reprduce what we already knw because creative ideas mve us int unfamiliar territry invlving risks and fllwing the usual behavirs is cmfrtable.（既然这种品质和这些过程已经被确定了，那么不太有创造力的人就可以试着去模仿它们。通常情况下，我们倾向于复制我们已经知道的东西，因为创造性的想法将我们带入一个不熟悉的领域，这涉及到风险，并且遵循通常的行为是令人舒服的。）可知划线词的意思是"模仿"。A.Justify.证明；B.Limit.限制；C.Cpy.模仿；D.Assess.评估。故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。根据文章第一段 Mst f us wuld like t be mre creative，but we assume there is little we can d abut it.Psychlgy prfessr K.Anders Ericssn claims that with enugh practice，any f us can becme experts.（我们大多数人都想变得更有创造力，但是我们认为我们对此无能为力。心理学教授K .安德斯•埃里克森声称，通过足够的练习，我们任何人都可以成为专家。）可知作者似乎在文本中表达了我们可以学会更有创造性。因此A.We can learn t be mre creative.（我们可以学会更有创造力）是本文的主旨大意。故选A。
【点评】一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
11．（2024•达州二模）
STEM Cmpetitins fr Students
NSTA ExplraVisin
Are yu interested in what the future hlds？Cnsider ExplraVisin's STEM（science，technlgy，engineering & mathematics） cmpetitin.Wrking in teams f tw t fur，students will research a particular technlgy and assess the ways in which it may impact lives mving frward.Participants are required t write a paper and draw web pages cmmunicating their visin.
Grades：7th﹣9th and 10th﹣12th
Cmpetitin Type：Reginal and natinal
eCyberMissin
Yu can participate in this cmpetitin withut leaving the huse.eCyberMissin is a web﹣based cntest in which participants﹣wrking in teams f tw t fur students﹣use science，math and technlgy t slve prblems facing their cmmunities.First﹣place winners receive ＄1，000.
Grades：9th
Cmpetitin Type：Reginal，state and natinal
TEAMS Cmpetitin
Held annually，TEAMS invites students t use their engineering talent t cntribute t the cmmunity.Wrking in grups f tw t fur students，participants cmplete real﹣life engineering challenges.The cmpetitin includes multiple﹣chice questins，an essay and a design﹣build cmpnent.
Grades：9th﹣12th
Cmpetitin Type：State and natinal
The Cnrad Challenge
In this challenge，participants wrk in teams f tw t five students t develp prducts r services in respnse t key issues facing peple arund the wrld.The Cnrad Challenge empwers students t take cntrl f their learning and apply it t real﹣life situatins.Winners are eligible（有资格的） fr schlarships，patent assistance and aid in creating cmpanies.
Grades：9th﹣12th
Cmpetitin Type：Internatinal
（1）What des NSTA Explra Visin's STEM cmpetitin fcus n？ C
A.Engineering innvatin.
B.Students' paper writing skills.
C.New technlgy shaping the future.
D.Students' ability in web page design.
（2）What d the fur STEM cmpetitins have in cmmn？ C
A.Winners will get a big cash prize.
B.They are all natinal cmpetitins.
C.Participants are required t wrk in teams.
D.Participants must slve real﹣life prblems.
（3）Which cmpetitin invlves freign students？ D
A.NSTA ExplraVisin.
B.eCvberMissin.
C.TEAMS Cmpetitin.
D.The Cnrad Challenge.
【考点】应用文；学习．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】CCD
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍的是STEM学生竞赛的相关信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据NSTA ExplraVisin部分中的"Wrking in teams f tw t fur，students will research a particular technlgy and assess the ways in which it may impact lives mving frward.（学生们将以2到4人为一组，研究一项特定的技术，并评估它可能影响未来生活的方式）"可知，NSTA ExplraVisin竞赛是研究一项新技术，并评估它影响未来生活的方式。由此可知，NSTA ExplraVisin竞赛专注于塑造未来的新技术。故选C项。
（2）细节理解题。根据NSTA ExplraVisin部分中的"Wrking in teams f tw t fur，students will research a particular technlgy and assess the ways in which it may impact lives mving frward.（学生们将以2到4人为一组，研究一项特定的技术，并评估它可能影响未来生活的方式）"可知，NSTAExplraVisin竞赛中参与者以2到4人为一组，研究一项特定的影响未来的技术；根据eCyberMissin部分中的"eCyberMissin is a web﹣based cn test in which participants —wrking in teams f tw t fur students —use science，math and technlgy t slve prblems facing their cmmunities.（eCyberMissin是一项基于网络的竞赛，参赛者以2至4名学生为一组，利用科学、数学和技术来解决他们所在社区面临的问题）"可知，eCyberMissin竞赛中的参与者以2至4名学生为一组来解决他们所在社区面临的问题；根据TEAMS Cmpetitin部分中的"Wrking in grups f tw t fur students，participants cmplete real﹣life engineering challenges.（参与者以2至4名学生为一组，完成现实生活中的工程挑战）"可知，参与者以2至4名学生为一组完成工程挑战；根据The Cnrad Challenge部分中的"In this challenge，participants wrk in teams f tw t five students t develp prducts r services in respnse t key issues facing peple arund the wrld.（在这个挑战中，参与者以2到5名学生为小组，开发产品或服务，以应对世界各地人们面临的关键问题）"可知，该竞赛中参与者以2到5名学生为小组开发产品。由此可知，这四项竞赛的共同之处在于参与者均是以团队合作的形式工作。故选C项。
（3）细节理解题。根据The Cnrad Challenge部分中的"Cmpetitin Type：Internatinal（比赛类型：国际）"可知，该项竞赛是属于国际性质的比赛类型。由此可知，该项比赛中应有外国学生参与。故选D项。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析。
12．（2024•辽宁模拟）
Pacific Science Center Guide
◆Visit Pacific Science Center's Stre
Dn't frget t stp by Pacific Science Center's Stre while yu are here t pick up a wnderful science activity r suvenir t remember yur visit．The stre is lcated（位于） upstairs in Building 3 right next t the Laser Dme．
◆Hungry？
Our exhibits will feed yur mind，but what abut yur bdy？Our café ffers a cmplete menu f lunch and snack ptins，in additin t seasnal specials．The café is lcated upstairs in Building 1 and is pen daily until ne hur befre Pacific Science Center clses．
◆Rental Infrmatin
Lckers are available t stre any belngings during yur visit．The lckers are lcated in Building 1 near the Infrmatin Desk and in Building 3．Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available t rent at the Infrmatin Desk and Denny Way entrance．ID required．
◆Supprt Pacific Science Center
Since 1962，Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passin（热情） fr discvery and lifelng learning in science，math and technlgy．Tday，Pacific Science Center serves mre than 1.3 millin peple a year and brings inquiry﹣based science educatin t classrms and cmmunity events all ver Washingtn State．It's an amazing accmplishment and ne we cannt achieve withut generus supprt frm individuals，crpratins，and ther scial rganizatins．Visit pacificsciencecenter．rg t find varius ways yu can supprt Pacific Science Center．
（1）Where can yu buy a suvenir at Pacific Science Center？ B
A．In Building 1．
B．In Building 3．
C．At the Laser Dme．
D．At the Denny Way entrance．
（2）What des Pacific Science Center d fr schls？ D
A．Train science teachers．
B．Distribute science bks．
C．Inspire scientific research．
D．Take science t the classrm．
（3）What is the purpse f the last part f the text？ A
A．T encurage dnatins．
B．T advertise cming events．
C．T intrduce special exhibits．
D．T tell abut the Center's histry．
【考点】应用文；细节理解；主旨大意；推理判断；词句猜测．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文主要介绍了太平洋科学中心的概况，并呼吁个人、公司和其他社会组织对太平洋科学中心进行慷慨捐助，提供支持．
【解答】（1）B 细节理解题．从文章第一段的"The stre is lcated（位于） upstairs in Building 3 right next t the Laser Dme．"可知，在太平洋科学中心，人们可以到位于三楼的商店去购买纪念品．
（2）D 细节理解题．从文章最后一段的"…and brings inquiry﹣based science educatin t classrms and cmmunity events all ver Washingtn State．"可知太平洋科学中心为学校提供科学教育，D项正确．
（3）A 推理判断题．从文章最后两句It's an amazing accmplishment and ne we cannt achieve withut generus supprt frm individuals，crpratins，and ther scial rganizatins．Visit pacificsciencecenter．rg t find varius ways yu can supprt Pacific Science Center．可知，本文旨在呼吁个人、公司和其他社会组织对太平洋科学中心进行慷慨捐助，提供支持．
【点评】题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
13．（2024•吴忠二模） The sund f leaves underft is usually assciated with autumn.But this year，it was the sundtrack t summer walks acrss Eurpe，as maximum temperature recrds fell and the cntinent suffered its wrst drught in 500 years.
The drught had been building fr mnths after a dry winter and spring，but it was wrse by a series f fierce heatwaves ver the summer，says Sim n Parry at the UK Centre fr Eclgy &Hydrlgy.In France，nuclear pwer plants were frced t reduce their utput as lw river flws meant there wasn't enugh water t cl their reactrs.Water levels n the Rhine river drpped s far that ships laded with gds in Germany and the Netherlands，including cal and petrl，were unable t travel.Besides，farmers saw crps wither（枯萎）.Harvests f sya﹣beans and sunflwer seeds were predicted t fall by between12 and 16 per cent.
This was a crisis caused in large part by climate change，says Richard Allan，wh is als at the University f Reading."Warming due t human﹣﹣caused climate change made this event much mre extreme，"he says.Studies suggest that the drught was made at least 20 times mre likely by glbal warming.
Hwever，that missing rainfall ends up smewhere，says Peter Gleick at the Pacific Institute in Califrnia.This years disastrus flds in cuntries including Australia and Pakistan are the "flip side"f the drughts，he says."The drughts and the extreme flds that we are seeing are tied tgether，and are part and parcel f the brader challenge f climate change，"says Gleick.
In the wake f a drught，it is critical that nature gets time t recver.But fr Eurpe，this was the secnd severe drught in fur years."My grass has already recvered frm this if I had a tree that survived it，that wuld take 10 years r mre t get back t a nrmal state，"says Nik Wanders at Utrecht University in the Netherlands.
（1）What is the authr's purpse in mentining the sund？ C
A.T shw the seasnal cycle.
B.T describe the beauty f autumn.
C.T emphasize the dry weather.
D.T clarify trees' survival mde.
（2）What is paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut？ D
A.The reductin f river water.
B.The duratin f the drught.
C.The causes f varius lsses.
D.The cnsequences f the disaster.
（3）Which is prbably the best way t tackle climate change accrding t the text？ B
A.Expanding climate mnitring.
B.Imprving human behavir.
C.Prmting natural restratin.
D.Balancing water distributin.
（4）What is the authr's attitude t ward the climate change trend in Eurpe？ C
A.Cnservative.
B.Unclear.
C.Cncerned.
D.Hpeful.
【考点】说明文；环境保护．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了欧洲在今年夏天遭受了500年来最严重的干旱。
【解答】（1）目的意图题。根据文章第一段The sund f leaves underft is usually assciated with autumn.But this year，it was the sundtrack t summer walks acrss Eurpe，as maximum temperature recrds fell and the cntinent suffered its wrst drught in 500 years.（脚下树叶的声音通常与秋天联系在一起。但今年，随着最高气温记录下降，欧洲大陆遭受500年来最严重的干旱，这是欧洲夏季徒步旅行的配乐。）可知作者提到声音的目的是为了强调干燥的天气。故选C。
（2）段落大意题。根据文章第二段In France，nuclear pwer plants were frced t reduce their utput as lw river flws meant there wasn't enugh water t cl their reactrs.Water levels n the Rhine river drpped s far that ships laded with gds in Germany and the Netherlands，including cal and petrl，were unable t travel.Besides，farmers saw crps wither（枯萎）.Harvests f sya﹣beans and sunflwer seeds were predicted t fall by between12 and 16 per cent.（在法国，核电站被迫减少产量，因为河流流量低意味着没有足够的水来冷却反应堆。莱茵河水位下降如此之快，以至于德国和荷兰装载货物的船只，包括煤和汽油，都无法行驶。此外，农民看到庄稼枯萎。大豆和葵花籽的收成预计将下降12%至16%。）可知正文的第二段主要是关于灾难的后果。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第三段This was a crisis caused in large part by climate change，says Richard Allan，wh is als at the University f Reading."Warming due t human﹣﹣caused climate change made this event much mre extreme，"he says.Studies suggest that the drught was made at least 20 times mre likely by glbal warming.（雷丁大学的理查德•艾伦说，这场危机在很大程度上是由气候变化引起的。"由于人类引起的气候变化导致的变暖使这一事件变得更加极端，"他说。研究表明，全球变暖导致干旱的可能性至少增加了20倍。）可知应对气候变化的最佳方式是改善人类行为。故选B。
（4）观点态度题。根据文章最后一段But fr Eurpe，this was the secnd severe drught in fur years."My grass has already recvered frm this if I had a tree that survived it，that wuld take 10 years r mre t get back t a nrmal state，"says Nik Wanders at Utrecht University in the Netherlands.（但是对于欧洲来说，这是四年来第二次严重的干旱。"我的草已经从这个夏天恢复了...但是如果我有一棵树活了下来，这将需要10年或更长时间才能恢复到正常状态，"荷兰乌特勒支大学的尼科•万德斯说。）可知作者对欧洲气候变化趋势的态度令人担忧。A.Cnservative.保守的；B.Unclear.不清楚的；C.Cncerned.担心的；D.Hpeful.有希望的。故选C。
【点评】一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
14．（2024•重庆模拟） Technlgy is mre than an abstract cncept assciated with advanced tls and systems.It als shapes the way peple behave，grw and develp，bth within their wn lives and in their relatinships with thers.While technlgy has develped ver thusands f years，the last century has seen an explsin in technlgy that has influenced fundamental changes in hw humans see the wrld and interact with thers.Specifically，the Internet and mbile devices have cmpletely changed the way peple interact with each ther.There has been a debate ging n whether technlgy is benefiting human cmmunicatin r ruining it.
Undubtedly，technlgy is helping peple build newer and necessary cmmunicatin skills.In business，ffice emplyees and managers use technlgy t send emails t ne anther，which is cnsidered a cmmunicatin skill.On scial media，just share a few f yur images and peple start cmmunicating n and abut yur images accrding t their viewpint.With the utbreak f COVID﹣19，in rder t wrk n the prjects，the students use their phnes t reach their teachers and classmates.
Hwever，technlgy is smetimes cnsidered t discnnect peple frm thers arund them.With cell phnes，mst peple think that it's easier and mre cnvenient t text instead f meeting in persn.Lucas Lengacher，an undergraduate frm Huntingtn University ，claims in his article that at least 42.91% peple respnd t messages immediately yet nly 2.83% peple dn't check their phnes in the mrning.In his research he fund that "almst 60 percent f peple felt discnnected frm thers arund when they were n their phnes".
（1）Human interactin has been basically influenced by C .
A．peple's relatinships.
B．scial systems.
C．mbile devices.
D．cmmunicatin skills.
（2）Hw is the idea f paragraph 2 supprted？ B
A．By analyzing data.
B．By prviding cases.
C．By defining a cncept.
D．By making cmparisns.
（3）What des Lucas's research find？ A
A．Phnes discnnect us when we are tgether.
B．Phnes are becming mre and mre ppular.
C．Peple cmmunicate less because f physical distance.
D．Phnes are helping peple build newer cmmunicatin skills.
（4）What is the authr's attitude t technlgy？ C
A．Psitive.
B．Skeptical.
C．Objective.
D．Indifferent.
【考点】说明文；人际交往．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】CBAC
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人类的互动基本上受到移动设备的影响，文章指出科技帮助人们建立更新和必要的沟通技巧，但同时科技也妨碍了人们的互动。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段While technlgy has develped ver thusands f years，the last century has seen an explsin in technlgy that has influenced fundamental changes in hw humans see the wrld and interact with thers.Specifically，the Internet and mbile devices have cmpletely changed the way peple interact with each ther.（虽然技术已经发展了数千年，但上个世纪见证了技术的爆炸式发展，影响了人类看待世界和与他人互动方式的根本变化。具体来说，互联网和移动设备已经彻底改变了人们相互交流的方式）可知，人类的互动基本上受到移动设备的影响。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Undubtedly，technlgy is helping peple build newer and necessary cmmunicatin skills.In business，ffice emplyees and managers use technlgy t send emails t ne anther，which is cnsidered a cmmunicatin skill.On scial media，just share a few f yur images and peple start cmmunicating n and abut yur images accrding t their viewpint.With the utbreak f COVID﹣19，in rder t wrk n the prjects，the students use their phnes t reach their teachers and classmates.（毫无疑问，科技正在帮助人们建立更新和必要的沟通技巧。在商业中，办公室员工和经理使用技术向彼此发送电子邮件，这被认为是一种沟通技巧。在社交媒体上，只要分享一些你的照片，人们就会开始根据他们的观点来交流你的照片。随着新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，为了完成项目，学生们用手机联系老师和同学）可推知，第二段通过提供案例来支持观点。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Lucas Lengacher，an undergraduate frm Huntingtn University ，claims in his article that at least 42.91% peple respnd t messages immediately yet nly 2.83% peple dn't check their phnes in the mrning.In his research he fund that "almst 60 percent f peple felt discnnected frm thers arund when they were n their phnes".（亨廷顿大学的本科生Lucas Lengacher在他的文章中称，至少有42.91%的人会立即回复信息，但只有2.83%的人不会在早上查看手机。在他的研究中，他发现"近60%的人在玩手机时感觉与周围的人脱节"）可知，卢卡斯的研究发现当我们在一起的时候，电话切断了我们的联系。故选A。
（4）观点态度题。根据第二段Undubtedly，technlgy is helping peple build newer and necessary cmmunicatin skills.（毫无疑问，科技正在帮助人们建立更新和必要的沟通技巧）以及第三段Hwever，technlgy is smetimes cnsidered t discnnect peple frm thers arund them.（然而，科技有时被认为使人们与周围的人脱节）可推知，作者说明了科技的好处和缺点，即作者对科技的态度是客观的。故选C。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
15．（2024•漳州模拟） Raised in Jacksnville，a small twn in Nrth Carlina，Christina Kch always knew she wanted t be an astrnaut.This dream began as early as kindergarten，during a time when spaceflight was dminated by men. "Frtunately，when I tld my kindergarten teachers that I wanted t be an astrnaut they supprted me.N ne tld me that it was unattainable.And whether it was my wn hard﹣headedness r that encuragement，I did g full frward int pursuing my dream t becme an astrnaut，" she says.
Kch fund inspiratin in pineers like Sally Ride and Mae Jemisn，but als in everyday heres—frm civil rights activists t her independent grandmther.These examples，alng with her family's emphasis n hard wrk，instituted in her the curage t chase her dreams.
Kch studied physics and electrical engineering befre jining NASA at the Gddard Space Flight Center，where she cntributed t the develpment f scientific instruments n several space missins.Driven by a thirst fr adventure，she spent a year in Antarctica's tugh envirnment and then in ther remte lcatins like Greenland.Unsurprisingly，she cited phtgraphy，travel，camping and climbing amng her hbbies.
The ultimate fulfillment （实现） f her dream came in 2013，when she was selected as an astrnaut，Jining a grundbreaking class with an equal number f men and wmen.Previusly，wmen cmprised nly 17% f NASA's astrnauts.After cmpleting training in 2015，she was assigned her first lng﹣stay missin n the Internatinal Space Statin（ISS）.Her success is undeniable.As part f the Artemis Ⅱ missin，scheduled fr 2025，she'll travel further than any human since Apll，an evidence f her cnstant ambitin.
Kch advcates fllwing passins and embracing challenges."D what scares yu，"she advises， " because thse things ften lead t the greatest fulfillment and cntributins."Besides，Kch als says that there's ne that shuld never be frgtten："Supprt the peple arund yu.Make sure that yu're thinking abut the success f thse arund yu，that yu're helping them，and tgether we all will achieve as much as we pssibly can."
（1）What initially mtivated Kch t becme an astrnaut？ B
A.Her desire t push herself t the limit.
B.Her early enthusiasm in space explratin.
C.Her wish t reward her kindergarten teachers.
D.Her ambitin t change the psitin f wmen astrnauts.
（2）What can we infer frm the passage？ D
A.Kch invented sme scientific devices.
B Rch set a recrd fr the lngest spaceflight.
C.Varius hbbies prepared Kch fr adventure.
D.Rle mdels impacted Kch greatly in her life jurney.
（3）What des Kch's advice indicate？ C
A.Seeking supprt is crucial fr dream chasers.
B.Being kind t thers is the stepstne t success.
C.Welcming challenges leads t persnal grwth.
D Wrking tirelessly is key t vercming barriers.
（4）What is the best title f the passage？ B
A.Christina Kch：An Explrer f Nature.
B.Christina Kch：A Dream Pursuer t Space.
C.Christina Kch：A Rle Mdel frm Jacksnville.
D.Christina Kch：A Distinguished Female Scientist.
【考点】记叙文；宇宙探索．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】BDCB
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了克里斯蒂娜•科赫提倡追随激情，迎接挑战，并支持他人，她将在2025年的阿尔忒弥斯二世任务中飞得更远，实现自己的雄心壮志。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段Raised in Jacksnville，a small twn in Nrth Carlina，Christina Kch always knew she wanted t be an astrnaut.This dream began as early as kindergarten，during a time when spaceflight was dminated by men（克里斯蒂娜•科赫在北卡罗来纳州的小镇杰克逊维尔长大，她一直知道自己想成为一名宇航员。这个梦想早在幼儿园就开始了，那时太空飞行是由男性主导的）可知她早期对太空探索的热情最初促使科赫成为一名宇航员。故答案为B。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第二段Kch fund inspiratin in pineers like Sally Ride and Mae Jemisn，but als in everyday heres—frm civil rights activists t her independent grandmther.These examples，alng with her family's emphasis n hard wrk，instituted in her the curage t chase her dreams（科赫在像萨莉•赖德和梅•杰米森这样的先驱身上找到了灵感，但也在日常英雄身上找到了灵感——从民权活动家到她独立的祖母。这些例子，加上她家庭对努力工作的重视，激发了她追逐梦想的勇气）可知在科赫的人生旅途中，榜样对她的影响很大。故答案为D。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Kch advcates fllwing passins and embracing challenges（科赫提倡追随激情和迎接挑战）可知科赫的建议表明，迎接挑战会带来个人成长。故答案为C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章第一段Raised in Jacksnville，a small twn in Nrth Carlina，Christina Kch always knew she wanted t be an astrnaut.This dream began as early as kindergarten，during a time when spaceflight was dminated by men. "Frtunately，when I tld my kindergarten teachers that I wanted t be an astrnaut they supprted me.N ne tld me that it was unattainable.And whether it was my wn hard﹣headedness r that encuragement，I did g full frward int pursuing my dream t becme an astrnaut，" she says.（克里斯蒂娜•科赫在北卡罗来纳州的小镇杰克逊维尔长大，她一直知道自己想成为一名宇航员。这个梦想早在幼儿园就开始了，当时航天飞行由男性主导。"幸运的是，当我告诉我的幼儿园老师我想成为一名宇航员时，他们支持我。没人告诉我这是不可实现的。不管是我自己的固执还是受到的鼓励，我确实全力以赴去追求成为宇航员的梦想。）可知本文主要讲述了克里斯蒂娜•科赫提倡追随激情，迎接挑战，并支持他人，她将在2025年的阿尔忒弥斯二世任务中飞得更远，实现自己的雄心壮志。因此本文的最佳标题是B.Christina Kch：A Dream Pursuer t Space.（克里斯蒂娜•科赫：太空追梦人）。故答案为B。
【点评】一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16．（2024•安徽模拟）
Summer Day Camps
Jin the Envirnmental Learning Center this summer fr adventure in the utdrs!We can't wait t be part f yur summer!
（1）What ability can yu learn frm The Wildness Week？ D
A．T interpret the singing f birds.
B．T experiment n wild animals.
C．T get alng with wild animals.
D．T survive well in the wild.
（2）Which camp will prvide infrmatin relevant t wrking in the wild？ A
A．Outdr﹣lgists.
B．Animal Antics.
C．The Wildness Week.
D．Yung Experimenters.
（3）Hw much will yu get if yu cancel yur reservatin fr Animal Antics n April 6？ B
A．＄230.
B．＄180.
C．＄115.
D．＄50.
【考点】应用文；学习．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】DAB
【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了几个夏令营的相关信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据The Wildness Week部分的We'll give yu the utdr skills t is cver the hidden wnders f nature（我们将教给你一些户外技巧，让你去探索隐藏的自然奇观）可知，可以在The Wildness Week中学到野外生存的技能。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据Outdr﹣lgists部分Ever wnder what it takes t spend a career ut in nature？This week f camp will fcus learning abut n all the different srts f peple wh wrk utside（有没有想过在大自然中度过职业生涯需要什么？本周的夏令营将集中学习在户外工作的各种各样的人）可知，Outdr﹣lgists将提供与野外工作相关的信息。故选A。
（3）数字计算题。根据Refund Plicy部分的Cancellatins made between March 21 and April 17 will lse the ＄50 depsit（在3月21日至4月17日期间取消预订将失去50美元的押金）以及Animal Antics部分的＄230可知，如果您4月6日取消预定《动物滑稽表演》，您能得到＄180（230﹣50）。故选B。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
17．（2024•南岗区校级三模） My family and I had set ut n a day trip frm Shillng t Cherrapunji，a twn knwn fr being ne f the wettest places n Earth.Hwever，after we had been stuck in traffic fr mre than fur hurs，ne f my sisters prpsed ging back t the city as a last attempt t save whatever remained f the day.A quick nline search revealed ther must﹣visit spts arund Shillng.Mst were familiar，but ne caught ur attentin—Nartiang with its mysterius mnliths（独石碑）.The pht shwed tall stnes piled tgether in a strange frmatin，appealing t us t explre further despite the lack f details prvided.
That is hw I fund myself standing in the shadw f the huge mnliths f Nartiang，which is hme t the thickest and largest cllectin in the regin.Curius t uncver their histry，I apprached MarySymblai，a village elder I met later that day，wh tld me the stry f the mnliths that has been rally passed dwn ver generatins.She said，"Back in the day，Nartiang didn't have a bazaar（集市） and the nearest ne was at Raliang.On ne such bazaar，a giant named Mar Phalyngki was caught in heavy rain n his way back.He requested t brrw an umbrella frm the Raliang chiefs yungest daughter，but she wanted t test his legendary strength instead.'Why dn't yu g lift that huge stne in the bazaar and use it as an umbrella？'she said dismissively.Embldened by her challenge，he just did that，but befre reaching Nartiang，he placed it in a frest when the rain had stpped."
"There is a certain verlap f ancient stry and memry in the case f the Nartiang mnliths.The lcals' accunt f hw the place came t be is based n ancient stries r flk custms.But they als remember it because it served their ancestrs as a weekly marketplace，a memrial，and a place fr plitical gatherings.That is hw ral histry wrks.It mixes fact and fictin int c llective memry"，saidDr Reeju Ray，a lcal writer.
Tday，even thugh the traditinal custms and mre cnfirmed histrical accunts ffer sme insight int the site，the mystery（奥秘） f the stne giants lasts.
（1）Why did the authr and his family cme t visit the mnliths f Nartiang？ B
A.It was in their riginal trip plan.
B.They had t chse it as an alternative.
C.It was the nly remaining place t visit.
D.An elder village r gave them the suggestin.
（2）Which des the underlined wrd"Embldened"in paragraph 2 mean？ C
A.Threatened.
B.Mved.
C.Stimulated.
D.Frightened.
（3）Why are Dr.Reeju Ray's wrds mentined？ B
A.T infrm what the mnliths served as.
B.T illustrate hw the mysterius stry came int being.
C.T intrduce the feature f Nartiang mnliths.
D.T deny the verlap f ancient stry and memry.
（4）What is the best title fr the text？ A
A.A Trip t the Mnliths.
B.The Mystery f Shillng.
C.The Frmatin f the Mnliths.
D.A Disappinting Travel Experience.
【考点】记叙文；传统习俗与文化．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】BCBA
【分析】这篇文章讲述了作者一家人从西隆前往切拉朋吉的旅行，因堵车而改道探索纳尔蒂昂的神秘巨石。当地的年长者玛丽奥•辛布莱讲述了关于这些巨石由来的传说，而当地作家瑞朱•雷博士则解释了口头传统如何将事实与虚构融合进集体记忆中。尽管有传统习俗和确凿的历史记载，这些巨石的秘密至今仍然存在。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段A quick nline search revealed ther must﹣visit spts arund Shillng.Mst were familiar，but ne caught ur attentin—Nartiang with its mysterius mnliths .The pht shwed tall stnes piled tgether in a strange frmatin，appealing t us t explre further despite the lack f details prvided.（一个快速的在线搜索显示，Shillng周围还有其他必去景点。大多数人都很熟悉，但有一个引起了我们的注意——Nartiang及其神秘的巨石。照片显示，高高的石头以一种奇怪的形式堆积在一起，尽管缺乏细节，但仍呼吁我们进一步探索。）可知作者和他的家人来参观纳提昂的巨石的原因是他们不得不把它作为另一种选择。故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段"Why dn't yu g lift that huge stne in the bazaar and use it as an umbrella？"she said dismissively.Embldened by her challenge，he just did that，but befre reaching Nartiang，he placed it in a frest when the rain had stpped.（"你为什么不去集市上搬那块巨石当伞用呢？"她轻蔑地说。在她的挑战的鼓舞下，他就这么做了，但在到达纳天昂之前，雨停了，他把它放在了森林里。"）可知华夏昵称已实施"被...鼓舞"。A.Threatened被...威胁；B.Mved被...感动；C.Stimulated被...鼓舞；D.Frightened被...吓到。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段"There is a certain verlap f ancient stry and memry in the case f the Nartiang mnliths.The lcals' accunt f hw the place came t be is based n ancient stries r flk custms.But they als remember it because it served their ancestrs as a weekly marketplace，a memrial，and a place fr plitical gatherings.That is hw ral histry wrks.It mixes fact and fictin int c llective memry"，saidDr Reeju Ray，a lcal writer.（"在纳提昂巨石的案例中，古代故事和记忆有一定的重叠。当地人对这个地方如何形成的描述是基于古老的故事或民间习俗。但他们还记得它，因为它是他们的祖先每周的市场，纪念和政治集会的地方。口述历史就是这样运作的。它将事实和虚构混合成集体记忆，"当地作家瑞朱•雷博士（dr Reeju Ray）说。）可知提到reeju Ray博士的话是为了说明这个神秘故事是如何形成的。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。阅读全文可知这篇文章讲述了作者一家人从西隆前往切拉朋吉的旅行，因堵车而改道探索纳尔蒂昂的神秘巨石。当地的年长者玛丽奥•辛布莱讲述了关于这些巨石由来的传说，而当地作家瑞朱•雷博士则解释了口头传统如何将事实与虚构融合进集体记忆中。尽管有传统习俗和确凿的历史记载，这些巨石的秘密至今仍然存在。所以"A.A Trip t the Mnliths.巨石之旅。"为最佳标题。故选A。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
18．（2024•晋城三模） Ttal slar eclipses （日食） have scared peple since time ut f mind.The first recrd f ne，preserved n a clay tablet fund at Ugarit，nce a trade city but destryed later in Syria，is believed frm its age and lcatin t describe either an eclipse that happened in 1375 BC r ne in 1223 BC．Legendary explanatins fr eclipses include the Sun being eaten by dgs，frgs r dragns.The reality is nt rmantic.Why are ttal nes，like the ne cming n April 8，s rare？
Slar eclipses are a special case f phenmena called transits and ccultatins，in which an intervening （介于中间的） heavenly bdy stps light frm a star reaching an bserver.If the blcking bdy appears smaller in the sky than the star，the result is called a transit and lks like a dark spt crssing the star's surface.If the blcking bject appears larger than the star，the star disappears cmpletely—an ccultatin.A ttal eclipse is an ccultatin.
Slar eclipses may be either f these things，since the apparent sizes in the sky f the Sun and the Mn，viewed frm Earth，are almst identical.If the Mn rbited Earth in the same plane as Earth rbits the Sun，eclipses wuld happen every mnth，but wuld be ttal nly in the trpics （热带地区）.In reality，the average interval between ttal eclipses is 18 mnths，and they may be seen frm time t time all ver the wrld.The path f ttality acrss Earth's surface is narrw and the perid shrt （a maximum f just ver seven and a half minutes）.Outside these bundaries，the Sun will appear partially eclipsed，lking like a pie that smething has taken a bite frm.
The Great Nrth American Eclipse，as it has been called，will be a sight t be hld n April 8.But it shuld als be cherished，because ttal eclipses f the Sun will nt happen fr ever.Tidal frictin （潮汐摩擦） causes the Mn t mve away frm Earth at 3.8 cm a year，making it appear smaller and smaller in the sky.In 600 millin years r s the last，shrt ttality will ccur.
（1）What des the clay tablet f Ugarit represent？ D
A．Sme figures f ancient animals.
B．The Sun being eaten by sme animals.
C．Ancient peple wh were hunting fr animals.
D．The earliest ttal slar eclipse recrded.
（2）Hw des the authr develp paragraph 2？ B
A．By listing statistics.
B．By giving definitins.
C．By giving examples.
D．By analyzing cause and effect.
（3）What can we learn abut ttal slar eclipses frm paragraph 3？ C
A．Their duratin is relatively lnger.
B．They take place every mnth actually.
C．They are visible nly frm a narrw path.
D．They lk like a bite taken ut f the Sun.
（4）What makes ttal slar eclipses s rare？ A
A．The mving﹣away Mn.
B．The strnger tide n Earth.
C．The smaller attractin f the Mn fr Earth.
D．The changing distance between the Sun and Earth.
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】DBCA
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了自古以来人们对于日全食的恐惧和神话解释，阐述了日全食是一种天文现象，即天体遮挡星星的现象。文章还解释了为什么日全食如此罕见，并指出如果月亮与地球的轨道在同一平面上，日食将每月发生，但实际上日全食的发生间隔平均为18个月，且可见于世界各地，但全食带狭窄，持续时间短。最后提到，即将在4月8日发生的北美日全食值得期待，但也应珍惜，因为随着月球逐渐远离地球，日全食最终将不再发生。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中The first recrd f ne，preserved n a clay tablet fund at Ugarit，nce a trade city but destryed later in Syria，is believed frm its age and lcatin t describe either an eclipse that happened in 1375 BC r ne in 1223 BC. （最早的日食记录保存在Ugarit的一块泥板上，乌加里特曾是一个贸易城市，但后来在叙利亚被摧毁。从它的年代和位置来看，人们认为它可以描述发生在公元前1375年或公元前1223年的日食。）可知，Ugarit的一块泥板描绘了第一份日全食的事实，这是有记录以来最早的日全食。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Slar eclipses are a special case f phenmena called transits and ccultatins，in which an intervening （介于中间的） heavenly bdy stps light frm a star reaching an bserver.If the blcking bdy appears smaller in the sky than the star，the result is called a transit and lks like a dark spt crssing the star's surface.If the blcking bject appears larger than the star，the star disappears cmpletely—an ccultatin.A ttal eclipse is an ccultatin. （日食是一种特殊的现象，被称为凌日和掩星，在这种现象中，一个介入的天体阻挡了来自恒星的光到达观测者。如果阻塞体在天空中看起来比恒星小，结果就被称为凌日，看起来像一个穿过恒星表面的黑点。如果被遮挡的物体看起来比恒星大，恒星就会完全消失——这就是掩星。日全食就是掩星。）可知，第二段主要阐释了transit（凌日）和 ccultatin（掩星）两种自然现象，对这两种现象给出了定义。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段中The path f ttality acrss Earth's surface is narrw and the perid shrt （a maximum f just ver seven and a half minutes）. （全食穿过地球表面的路径很窄，周期也很短（最长不过7分半钟）。）可知，日全食穿过地球表面的路径很窄，周期也很短（最长不过7分半钟）。由此可推断，日全食可见的路径窄。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据第四段中Tidal frictin （潮汐摩擦） causes the Mn t mve away frm Earth at 3.8 cm a year，making it appear smaller and smaller in the sky.In 600 millin years r s the last，shrt ttality will ccur（潮汐摩擦使月球以每年3.8厘米的速度远离地球，使它在天空中显得越来越小。大约6亿年后，最后一次短暂的日全食将发生）可知，潮汐摩擦导致月球逐渐远离地球，使其在天空中显得越来越小。由此可知，我们以后再想见到日全食将会越来越难。故选A。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
19．（2024•仁寿县一模） Mst peple hate msquites but scientists are abut t build a"msquit factry"t release mdified（改良的） msquites.
The mdified msquites carry a bacterium called Wlbachia pipientis（沃尔巴克氏菌），which can be naturally fund in mst insect species.Hwever，it's rarely discvered in msquites."We actually grw these msquites that cntain the bacterium，"Sctt O'Neill，an Australian scientist invlved in the prject，tld CBC News.When the mdified msquites are released，they slwly spread the bacterium t the ppulatin.
Several studies have demnstrated the insects' success.Fr example，a cntrlled experiment in Indnesia shwed that the mdified insect helped reduce the cases f the disease dengue（登革热） by 77 percent，accrding t a study paper published in 2021.
The Wrld Msquit Prgram has annunced that it will release mdified msquites in many f Brazil's urban areas ver the next 10 years.The aim is t prtect up t 70 millin peple frm diseases such as dengue，an infectius disease mainly spread by msquites.
Brazil has ne f the highest rates f dengue infectin in the wrld，accrding t the Nature website."Mre than 1，000 peple died f dengue in 2022 because f the spread f msquites.It's ging everywhere，"Lucian Mreira，a scientist in Ri de Janeir，Brazil，tld CBC News.
Anther way t prevent msquites frm spreading diseases is by prducing genetically mdified msquites（GM）.In 2022，the US Envirnmental Prtectin Agency apprved the release f 2.4 billin GM msquites in Califrnia and Flrida.
Accrding t the agency，GM msquites carry tw types f genes：a self﹣limiting gene that prevents female ffspring（后代） frm surviving t adulthd；and a marker gene that allws researchers t identify GM nes in the wild.After being released，GM msquites lay eggs，s the genes are passed n t ffspring.In this way，the number f female msquites is reduced，therefre reducing the chance f spreading disease.
（1）What is the final purpse f building the"msquit factry"？ A
A.T prevent the spread f msquit﹣brne diseases.
B.T prduce massive msquites fr scientific research.
C.T study the behavir f msquites in different envirnments.
D.T replace the natural msquit ppulatin with a mdified ne.
（2）What is the functin f paragraph 5 in the text？ B
A.It states challenges facing the prgram.
B.It prvides the backgrund t the prgram.
C.It shws the expected effect f the prgram.
D.It indicates an pinin n the annuncement.
（3）Hw des the self﹣limiting gene in genetically mdified msquites wrk？ C
A.By limiting their ability t lay eggs.
B.By making them immune t disease.
C.By reducing their ffspring's lifespans.
D.By allwing them t be easily identified.
（4）What can be the best title fr the text？ D
A.A Msquit Factry
B.Reducing Dengue in Brazil
C.Experimenting n Mdified Insects
D.Mdifying Infectius Msquites
【考点】说明文；自然科学研究成果．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】（1）﹣（4）ABCD
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一项关于通过改良蚊子基因来防止蚊子传播疾病的研究。
【解答】（1）目的意图题。根据第四段The Wrld Msquit Prgram has annunced that it will release mdified msquites in many f Brazil's urban areas ver the next 10 years.The aim is t prtect up t 70 millin peple frm diseases such as dengue，an infectius disease mainly spread by msquites. （世界蚊子项目宣布，未来10年将在巴西许多城市地区释放转基因蚊子。其目的是保护多达7000万人免受登革热等疾病的侵害。登革热是一种主要由蚊子传播的传染病。 ）和第六段第一句Anther way t prevent msquites frm spreading diseases is by prducing genetically mdified msquites（GM）.（另一种防止蚊子传播疾病的方法是培育转基因蚊子。）可知，建造"蚊子工厂"的最终目的是防止蚊媒疾病的传播。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段第一句The Wrld Msquit Prgram has annunced that it will release mdified msquites in many f Brazil's urban areas ver the next 10 years. （世界蚊子项目宣布，未来10年将在巴西许多城市地区释放转基因蚊子。）和第五段Brazil has ne f the highest rates f dengue infectin in the wrld，accrding t the Nature website."Mre than 1，000 peple died f dengue in 2022 because f the spread f msquites.It's ging everywhere，"Lucian Mreira，a scientist in Ri de Janeir，Brazil，tld CBC News.（据《自然》期刊网站报道，巴西是世界上登革热感染率最高的国家之一。"由于蚊子的传播，2022年有1000多人死于登革热。它无处不在，"巴西里约热内卢的科学家卢西亚诺莫雷拉告诉CBC新闻。）可知，第五段用数据介绍了登革热在巴西造成的危害，从而为第四段中"释放转基因蚊子"项目提供了背景知识。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句Accrding t the agency，GM msquites carry tw types f genes：a self﹣limiting gene that prevents female ffspring（后代） frm surviving t adulthd；and a marker gene that allws researchers t identify GM nes in the wild.（据该机构称，转基因蚊子携带两种类型的基因：一种是自我限制的基因，可以阻止雌性后代存活到成年；另一种是标记基因，可以让研究人员在野外识别转基因蚊子。）可知，转基因蚊子的自我限制基因通过缩短后代的寿命来发挥作用。故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。通读全文，结合文章第一段Mst peple hate msquites but scientists are abut t build a"msquit factry"t release mdified（改良的） msquites.（大多数人都讨厌蚊子，但科学家们即将建立一个"蚊子工厂"来释放转基因蚊子。）和最后一段Accrding t the agency，GM msquites carry tw types f genes：a self﹣limiting gene that prevents female ffspring（后代） frm surviving t adulthd；and a marker gene that allws researchers t identify GM nes in the wild.After being released，GM msquites lay eggs，s the genes are passed n t ffspring.In this way，the number f female msquites is reduced，therefre reducing the chance f spreading disease.（据该机构称，转基因蚊子携带两种类型的基因：一种是自我限制的基因，可以阻止雌性后代存活到成年；另一种是标记基因，可以让研究人员在野外识别转基因蚊子。被释放后，转基因蚊子产卵，因此基因被传递给后代。这样一来，雌蚊的数量就减少了，从而减少了传播疾病的机会。）可知，文章报道了一项关于通过改良蚊子基因来防止蚊子传播疾病的研究。结合选项A.A Msquit Factry蚊子工厂；B.Reducing Dengue in Brazil在巴西减少登革热；C.Experimenting n Mdified Insects改良昆虫实验；D.Mdifying Infectius Msquitesa .改造传染性蚊子。分析可知，D项最能准确概括文章大意。故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
20．（2024•全国四模） What's yur first memry？Whatever it is，yu're bund t treasure it.But can we actually trust them？Nthing abut memry is simple.Memry is malleable.What we remember is nt necessarily what happened.A memry is nt a recrding.It's mre like a dramatic recnstructin and ne that we can keep changing withut realizing it.
Fr any experience t be remembered，it has t be encded （编码）.This encding is nt any kind f direct translatin，thugh.It's a rich and cmplex prcess that creates assciatins and meanings.We might be remembering smething very similar，but slightly changed and clred by ur wn sets f assciatins.
Psychlgist Elizabeth Lftus prduced grundbreaking research n eyewitness testimny （证据）.Her wrk shwed that memries can easily be influenced，even after they've been created.Fr example，if tw eyewitnesses talk with each ther，their memries f events ften change，absrbing what they've heard frm the ther ne——but they wn't realize this has happened.Similarly，witnesses wh are shwn an image f an inncent persn，can smetimes stick it nt their memry f the actual event—a prcess knwn as uncnscius transference （无意识的转移）.It is estimated that arund 70% f wrngful cnvictins （定罪），later verturned by DNA evidence，are due t mistaken eyewitness testimny.
In sme cases，memries can even be deliberately created and implanted.The Lst in the Mall experiment tk a test grup f subjects and talked t them in depth abut key childhd memries while als adding an invented ne—the experience f having been lst in a shpping center.It was fund that between a quarter and a third f subjects nt nly accepted this new memry as genuine but enriched it with specific details.
Mst f us have certain key memries f being a very yung child.But research suggests that they're highly unlikely t be actual memries due t the way memry is stred in the baby brain.Yur precius first memry may well nt be a real memry，and we're all perhaps living in ur imaginatins mre than we realize.
（1）What des the underlined wrd "malleable" in paragraph 1 mean？ C
A．Trustwrthy.
B．False.
C．Easily changed.
D．Deeply impressive.
（2）Which will influence the memry f eyewitnesses？ D
A．Pwerful DNA evidence.
B．Pictures stuck in their memry.
C．Reduced accuracy f cnvictins.
D．Exchanged infrmatin between them.
（3）What can we learn abut "The Lst in the Mall" experiment？ D
A．It was designed t investigate mistaken eyewitness testimny.
B．Its subjects culd recall specific details f a shpping center.
C．Its subjects made believe that they had been lst in a shpping center.
D．It demnstrated that invented experiences culd be fixed in ne's memry.
（4）What can be a suitable title fr the text？ A
A．The Unreliable Nature f Memry.
B．Revised Eyewitness Testimny.
C．Reflectin n Sweet Childhd.
D．An Explratin f Truth and Fictin.
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】CDDA
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了记忆是可塑的，容易改变，并通过介绍一些研究和实验论证了这一点。
【解答】（1）词句猜测题。根据划线词后文What we remember is nt necessarily what happened.A memry is nt a recrding.It's mre like a dramatic recnstructin and ne that we can keep changing withut realizing it.（我们记得的不一定是发生了什么。记忆不是记录。它更像是一种戏剧性的重建，我们可以在没有意识到的情况下不断改变）可知，记忆不是记录，更像是一种戏剧性的重建，即记忆容易改变，故划线词意思是"容易改变的"。A．Trustwrthy值得信任的；B．False假的；C．Easily changed容易改变；D．Deeply impressive印象深刻的。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Her wrk shwed that memries can easily be influenced，even after they've been created.Fr example，if tw eyewitnesses talk with each ther，their memries f events ften change，absrbing what they've heard frm the ther ne——but they wn't realize this has happened.（她的研究表明，记忆很容易受到影响，即使是在记忆被创造出来之后。例如，如果两个目击者互相交谈，他们对事件的记忆经常会发生变化，吸收他们从另一个人那里听到的东西——但他们不会意识到这已经发生了）可知，交换信息会影响目击者的记忆。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The Lst in the Mall experiment tk a test grup f subjects and talked t them in depth abut key childhd memries while als adding an invented ne—the experience f having been lst in a shpping center.It was fund that between a quarter and a third f subjects nt nly accepted this new memry as genuine but enriched it with specific details.（"迷失商场"实验选取了一组测试对象，并与他们深入探讨了关键的童年记忆，同时还添加了一个虚构的记忆——在购物中心迷路的经历。结果发现，四分之一到三分之一的受试者不仅相信这段新记忆是真实的，而且用具体的细节丰富了它）可知，"迷失商场"实验证明了创造出的经历可以固定在一个人的记忆中。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据最后一段But research suggests that they're highly unlikely t be actual memries due t the way memry is stred in the baby brain.Yur precius first memry may well nt be a real memry，and we're all perhaps living in ur imaginatins mre than we realize.（但研究表明，由于记忆在婴儿大脑中的存储方式，它们极不可能是真正的记忆。你珍贵的第一次记忆很可能不是真实的记忆，我们都可能生活在想象中，而不是我们意识到的）结合文章主要说明了记忆是可塑的，容易改变，并通过介绍一些研究和实验论证了这一点。可知，A选项"记忆的不可靠性"最符合文章标题。故选A。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
21．（2024•南岗区校级三模） Thrughut histry，literature has been a mirrr t sciety，capturing its evlutin，revlutins，cnflicts，and ambitin.As reaers，we ften find cmfrt，inspiratin，r severe realities thrugh the wrld f wrds.Yet，in the 21st century，with a sharp rise in digitalizatin，literature's canvas（画布）has expanded dramatically，leading t bth enthusiasm and wrry amng literary enthusiasts.
Dr.Elizabeth Mntgmery，a famus literary critic and prfessr at the Langfrd Literary University，set abut an extensive study t decipher（破译） the changing landscape f literature in the digital age."The printed wrd has a tuchable beauty and permanence.Digital platfrms，n the ther hand，are vast，changing，and develping.This dichtmy（二分法） is interesting but als challenges traditinal literary bundaries，"reflected Mntgmery.
Mntgmery's study lasted ver tw years，invlving a diverse grup f 1，200 participants frm varius age grups and backgrunds.They were divided int three grups：the first experienced literature nly thrugh printed bks，the secnd thrugh e﹣bks，and the third thrugh interactive digital stries，which cmbine text，graphics，and user interactin.
Feedback revealed diverse insights.Printed bk fans value d the sensry experience—the feel f pages，the smell f a bk—claiming that it deepened their cnnectin t the cntent.E﹣bk readers appreciated the cnvenience and prtability but missed the tuchable experience f traditinal bks.Hwever，the third grup，wh engaged with interactive digital stries，expressed excitement at being part f the stry，thugh sme felt it weakened the literary essence.
Further，the study fund that interactive stries appealed especially t yunger readers，suggesting a ptential shift in future literary cnsumptin patterns.Mntgmery ntes，"While traditinalists might find the digital develpment f literature disturbing，it's undeniable that the bundary between readers and stries is becming mre fggy.The key is t balance innvatin with the preservatin f literary integrity."
（1）What was the purpse f Dr.Elizabeth Mntgmery's study？ B
A.T prmte digital platfrms ver printed bks.
B.T explre the impact f digitalizatin n literature.
C.T present the landscape f the digital literature.
D.T challenge the traditinal literary bundary.
（2）What can we learn abut the participants wh read printed bks？ D
A.They fund it cnvenient t carry the bks arund.
B.They believed the bks lacked the literary essence.
C.They thught they were happy t be invlved in the stry.
D.They felt the sensry experience prmted their understanding.
（3）What des the study suggest abut the future f literature cnsumptin？ C
A.Traditinal bks may be preferred by elder peple.
B.Digital stries will enjy equal preference f all ages.
C.Interactive stries may see a rise amng yunger readers.
D.E﹣bks will replace printed bks and dminate the market.
（4）What is Mntgmery's attitude t the digital develpment f literature？ A
A.Objective.
B.Dubtful.
C.Excited.
D.Uncncerned.
【考点】说明文；文学与艺术．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】BDCA
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了文学在数字时代的变化。文学一直以来都是反映社会的镜子，而现在，随着数字化的急剧增长，文学的形式和边界正发生显著变化。
【解答】（1）目的意图题。根据文章第二段Dr.Elizabeth Mntgmery，a famus literary critic and prfessr at the Langfrd Literary University，set abut an extensive study t decipher（破译） the changing landscape f literature in the digital age."The printed wrd has a tuchable beauty and permanence.Digital platfrms，n the ther hand，are vast，changing，and develping.This dichtmy（二分法） is interesting but als challenges traditinal literary bundaries，"reflected Mntgmery.（伊丽莎白•蒙哥马利博士是著名的文学评论家和兰福德文学大学的教授，他着手进行了一项广泛的研究来解读数字时代文学景观的变化。"印刷文字有一种可触摸的美丽和永恒。另一方面，数字平台是巨大的、不断变化和发展的。这种二分法很有趣，但也挑战了传统的文学界限，"蒙哥马利反思道。）可知伊丽莎白•蒙哥马利博士研究的目的是探索数字化对文学的影响。故答案为B。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第四段Printed bk fans value d the sensry experience—the feel f pages，the smell f a bk—claiming that it deepened their cnnectin t the cntent.（纸质书粉丝重视感官体验﹣﹣﹣书页的触感、书的味道﹣﹣﹣声称这加深了他们与内容的联系。）可知阅读印刷书籍的参与者认为感官体验促进了他们的理解。故答案为D。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Further，the study fund that interactive stries appealed especially t yunger readers，suggesting a ptential shift in future literary cnsumptin patterns（此外，研究发现互动故事尤其吸引年轻读者，表明未来文学消费模式的潜在转变）可知这项研究表明，互动故事在年轻读者中可能会有所增加。故答案为C。
（4）观点态度题。根据文章最后一段Mntgmery ntes，"While traditinalists might find the digital develpment f literature disturbing，it's undeniable that the bundary between readers and stries is becming mre fggy.The key is t balance innvatin with the preservatin f literary integrity."（蒙哥马利指出，"虽然传统主义者可能会觉得文学的数字化发展令人不安，但不可否认的是，读者和故事之间的界限越来越模糊。关键是要在创新和保持文学完整性之间取得平衡。"）可知蒙哥马利对文学数字化发展的态度是客观的。故答案为A。
【点评】一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
22．（2024•松江区模拟） Welcme t Muir Wds!This rare ancient frest is a kingdm f cast redwds，many ver 600 years ld.
Hw t get here？
Peple using persnal vehicles have must befre reservatins at the park.arriving（Details at ）
Muir Wds Natinal Mnument is pen daily，8 sunset.Stp by Visitr Center t get trails（路线）and prgram infrmatin，and t take in exhibits.
What's yur path？
Enjy a walk n the paved Redwd Creek Trail （als called Main Trail）.Chse shrt，medium，r lng lps（环线）.Other trails g deep int Muir Wds and Munt Tamalpais State Park.（Refer t the map f Muir Wds n the right fr details.）
Ready t explre mre？
Ready t explre mre？
Muir Wds is part f Glden Gate Natinal Recreatin Area，which includes Marin Headlands，Alcatraz，the Presidi，and Ocean Beach.Dwnlad the app at
Stay safe and prtect yur park.
Wi﹣Fi and cell service are nt available.•Watch fr pisnus plants and falling branches.•D nt feed r disturb animals.•Fishing is prhibited in the park.•D nt mark r remve trees，flwers，r ther natural features.•G t the park website fr mre safety tips and regulatins.
Accessibility
We make a great effrt t make facilities，services，and prgrams accessible t all .Fr infrmatin，g t Visitr Center，ask a ranger，call，r check ur website.
Mre Infrmatin
Muir Wds Natinal Mnument Mill Valley，CA 94941﹣2696
（1）Muir Wds will prbably attract C .
①redwd lvers
②hunting lvers
③fishing lvers
④hiking lvers
A.①②
B.③④
C.①④
D.②③
（2）What can be learned frm the passage？ D
A.Muir wds is surrunded by highland and cean beaches.
B.Visitrs can read electrnic maps using Wi﹣Fi in Muir Wds.
C.Visitrs are advised t call Visitr Center fr safety tips and regulatins.
D.Reservatins shuld be made if visitrs drive private cars t Muir Wds.
（3）Accrding t the map f Muir Wds， A .
A.Bridge 4 is the farthest frm the parking lts f all bridges
B.Mill Valley is lcated n the suthwest side f Muir Beach
C.Btjack Trail can lead ne t Visitr Center frm Bridge 3
D.fd and gifts can be bught n varius sites in Muir Wds
【考点】应用文；旅游观光．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】CDA
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了到缪尔森林来游玩的相关信息。
【解答】 （1）推理判断题。根据第一段This rare ancient frest is a kingdm f cast redwds，many ver 600 years ld.（这片罕见的古老森林是海岸红杉的王国，许多红杉已有600多年的历史。）以及 What's yur path？部分Enjy a walk n the paved Redwd Creek Trail （als called Main Trail）.（在红木溪小径（也称为主小径）上漫步。）可知穆尔森林可能会吸引红杉爱好者以及徒步旅行爱好者。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Hw t get here？部分Peple using persnal vehicles have must befre reservatins at the park.（使用私人车辆的游客必须事先在公园预约。）可知从文章中我们可以了解到如果游客开私家车去缪尔森林公园，应提前预约。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。结合地图可知根据Muir Wds的地图，4号桥是所有桥中离停车场最远的。故选A。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
23．（2024•桂林三模）
The Best Cmputer Science Cmpetitins fr Students
Bebras
Bebras is a cmputing cmpetitin where each participant gets 45 minutes t answer 15 multiple﹣chice questins n cmputatin al and lgical thinking.Students cmplete the challenge at schl，and they can track hw their cmputer science skills grw ver time.
Eligibility（资格） requirements：Any teacher can sign their students up fr the cmpetitin.
Prizes：Yur teacher can print certificates with yur level f achievement.
Cngressinal App Challenge
In this cmputer science cmpetitin，individual students r grups f up t fur design an app.The app can be created using any prgramming language and platfrm，and it can be n any theme r tpic.
Eligibility requirements：Yu must be a middle r high schl student in a participating district.
Prizes：Winning apps are qualified t be displayed in the US Capitl Building and featured n the Huse f Representatives' website.Winners are als invited t attend a receptin n Capitl Hill and may be awarded additinal spnsr prizes.
Internatinal Olympiad in Infrmatics（IOI）
Each cuntry sends a grup f fur students，wh cmpete individually，t the tw﹣day internatinal cmpetitin.American students must win the USACO cmpetitin（see belw）t be chsen t participate.
Eligibility requirements：Yu must be secndary schl students wh win yur natinal cmpetitin.
Prizes：IOI fficially nly gives medals t the winners.Hwever，the real prize is being able t write dwn"IOI winner"when yu apply t a cllege，which will give yu a big advantage in mst tp Science，Technlgy，Engineering and Mathematics（STEM） cllege prgrams.
USA Cmputing Olympiad（USACO）
This well﹣knwn and well﹣regarded cmpetitin tests skills in areas such as prgramming prblems that can be slved using varius prgramming languages.Students cmpete in three nline cntests，plus a natinal"US Open"cmpetitin.Frm these results，the tp 24 r s scrers are invited t a training camp in the early summer.At the end f the camp，the tp fur participants are invited t attend IOI（see abve）.
Eligibility requirements：Yu must be a middle schl r high schl student in the US.
Prizes：Tp fur participants g n t cmpete at IOI.
（1）Which cmpetitin is pen t any student？ A
A.Bebras.
B.USA Cmputing Olympiad.
C.Cngressinal App Challenge.
D.Internatinal Olympiad in Infrmatics.
（2）What is special abut Cngressinal App Challenge？ C
A.Participants must be guided by teachers.
B.An app can fcus n mre than ne tpic.
C.It allws participants t cmpete as a team.
D.Participants must win the USACO cmpetitin.
（3）What prize can an Internatinal Olympiad in Infrmatics winner get？ D
A.A jb ffer frm a website.
B.An invitatin t Capitl Hill.
C.A chance t cmpete at Bebras.
D.An additin t the cllege applicatin.
【考点】应用文；教育．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】ACD
【分析】这篇文章介绍了几个适合学生的计算机科学竞赛，包括Bebras逻辑思维挑战、国会应用挑战赛、国际信息学奥林匹克（IOI）和美国的计算机奥林匹克（USACO）。文章概述了每个竞赛的内容、参赛资格要求和可能的奖项，强调了竞赛对提升学生计算机科学技能及申请顶尖STEM大学项目的优势。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Bebras部分 Eligibility（资格） requirements：Any teacher can sign their students up fr the cmpetitin.（参赛资格要求：任何老师都可以为学生报名。）可知Bebras对所有学生开放。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Cngressinal App Challenge部分In this cmputer science cmpetitin，individual students r grups f up t fur design an app.（在这个计算机科学竞赛中，学生个人或最多四人一组设计一个应用程序。）可知国会应用挑战赛的特别之处是它允许参与者作为一个团队来竞争。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据Internatinal Olympiad in Infrmatics（IOI）部分Hwever，the real prize is being able t write dwn"IOI winner"when yu apply t a cllege，which will give yu a big advantage in mst tp Science，Technlgy，Engineering and Mathematics（STEM） cllege prgrams.（然而，真正的奖励是在你申请大学的时候能够写下"IOI赢家"，这将给你在大多数顶尖的科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）大学项目中带来很大的优势。）可知国际奥林匹克信息学竞赛的优胜者可以获得大学申请的附加内容。故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
24．（2024•全国模拟） Urban agriculture，the practice f farming within the limits f a city，is becming increasingly ppular wrldwide and is cnsidered a way t make cities and urban fd systems mre sustainable.Despite strng evidence f the scial and nutritinal benefits f urban agriculture，its carbn ftprint remains understudied.
Mst previusly published studies have fcused n high﹣tech，energy﹣intensive frms f urban agriculture—such as vertical（垂直的） farms and rftp greenhuses.The new study aimed t fill sme f the knwledge gaps by cmparing the carbn ftprints f fd prduced at lw﹣tech urban agriculture sites t cnventinal crps.
The researchers calculated the greenhuse gas emissins（排放） assciated with n﹣farm materials and activities ver the lifetime f the farm.The emissins，expressed in kilgrams f carbn dixide equivalents per serving f fd，were then cmpared t fds raised by cnventinal methds.
Farmers and gardeners at urban agriculture sites acrss the wrld were emplyed t use daily diary entries t take dwn inputs—the materials used t cnstruct farms and cultivate crps—and harvests frm their fd﹣grwing sites thrughut the 2019 seasn.
"By assessing actual inputs and utputs n urban agriculture sites，we were able t determine climate change impacts t each serving f prduce，"says study c﹣lead authr Benjamin Gldstein，assistant prfessr in the Schl fr Envirnment and Sustainability.On average，fd prduced thrugh urban agriculture released 0.42 kilgrams f carbn dixide equivalents per serving，six times higher than the 0.07 kg CO2e per serving f cnventinally grw n prduce.
It's als fund that mst f the climate impacts at urban farms are driven by the infrastructure （基础设施），such as the raised beds in which fd is grwn，r pathways between plts."These farms typically nly perate fr a few years，s the greenhuse gases used t prduce thse materials are nt used effectively.Cnventinal agriculture，instead，is very efficient and hard t cmpete with"，Gldstein says.Fr example，cnventinal farms ften grw a single crp with the help f pesticides and fertilizers，resulting in larger harvests and a reduced carbn ftprint when cmpared t urban farms，he says.
（1）What is a benefit f urban agriculture？ A
A.Sustainable fd supply.
B.High fd utput.
C.Effective energy cnservatin.
D.Lw carbn ftprint.
（2）Hw is the research data cllected？ D
A.By accessing nline database.
B.By examining previus studies.
C.By cnducting persnal interviews.
D.By recrding infrmatin every day.
（3）What culd be dne t reduce carbn ftprint accrding t Gldstein？ B
A.Increase varieties f crps.
B.Extend infrastructure lifetimes.
C.Prmte rftp greenhuses.
D.Use mdern agriculture facilities.
（4）What is the passage mainly abut？ D
A.The benefits f traditinal crps.
B.The ppularity f urban agriculture.
C.The strategies t fight glbal warming.
D.The carbn ftprint f urban farm prduce.
【考点】说明文；环境保护．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】ADBD
【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于城市农场产品的碳足迹的研究。研究发现，城市农场产品的碳足迹比传统农场碳足迹高很多，同时探讨了解决方案。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段Urban agriculture，the practice f farming within the limits f a city，is becming increasingly ppular wrldwide and is cnsidered a way t make cities and urban fd systems mre sustainable.（城市农业，即在城市范围内耕作的做法，在世界范围内越来越流行，被认为是使城市和城市粮食系统更加可持续的一种方式。）可知，城市农业的一个好处是能让城市和城市粮食系统更具有可持续性，故选 A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第四段Farmers and gardeners at urban agriculture sites acrss the wrld were emplyed t use daily diary entries t take dwn inputs—the materials used t cnstruct farms and cultivate crps—and harvests frm their fd﹣grwing sites thrughut the 2019 seasn.（世界各地城市农业基地的农民和园丁被雇佣使用每日日记记录2019年整个季节的投入——用于建造农场和种植作物的材料——以及粮食种植基地的收成。）可知，该研究收集数据的方式是让农民和园丁用日记条目的方式记录城市农场的投入与产出，故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Gldstein的说话内容These farms typically nly perate fr a few years，s the greenhuse gases used t prduce thse materials are nt used effectively（这些农场通常只经营几年，因此用于生产这些材料的温室气体没有得到有效利用）可知，城市农场农产品的碳足迹高主要原因是城市农场的基础设施使用年限较短，未被充分利用。因此，降低城市农场农产品的碳足迹需要充分利用基础设施设备，即延长使用年限。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。根据文章的内容和第二段The new study aimed t fill sme f the knwledge gaps by cmparing the carbn ftprints f fd prduced at lw﹣tech urban agriculture sites t cnventinal crps.（这项新研究旨在通过将低技术城市农业生产地生产的食品与传统作物的碳足迹进行比较来填补一些知识空白。）可知，本文主要介绍了一项关于城市农场产品的碳足迹的研究。故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
25．（2024•渝中区校级模拟） Recently it has dawned n the gvernment that clsing mre than 1，000 f England's railway statin ticket ffices wuld nt be very smart plitics.The transprt secretary，Mark Harper，annunced that train peratrs had been asked t withdraw the cst﹣cutting strategy，which the gvernment itself had riginally pushed n them.The writing was already n the wall in the summer，when public anger led t an extensin f the cnsultatin perid n the prpsed clsures.By the time it ended，750，000 respnses had been recrded，99%f them negative.
The public's cncerns were ver future access t travel advice and infrmatin，assistance fr disabled peple，safety at understaffed statins，and cnsequences fr the digitally excluded.But the passinate ppsitin als underlined a widespread sense that railway statins must be mre than transit（交通）znes.Cmbined with a refrmed ticketing system，that insight shuld nw infrm a psitive apprach t breathing life int England's railways and attracting mre peple back n t trains.
As a reprt published this autumn by the Campaign fr Better Transprt sets ut，there is an urgent case fr fairer ticketing refrm acrss the netwrk.Fr ver a decade，the relative cst f taking the train rather than the car has skyrcketed，as fares have risen while fuel duty has been frzen.Over a third f the public are cnfused by the numerus types f ticket available，and the cmplex regulatins that apply t them.Why shuld an anytime return frm Chelmsfrd t Lndn cst &32.60，when t cver the same distance frm Grays t Lndn csts E 13.40？
The failed attempt t shut dwn ticket ffices had its rts in a shrt﹣term ministerial respnse t falling revenues（收入）.But as the cuntry strives t achieve a challenging green transitin，the gvernment shuld wrk t establish a simpler，fairer ticketing system that ffers imaginative rewards t take the train；and t develp an ambitius plan fr ur statins —ne that reflects their imprtant rle in the lives f the travelling public.
（1）What des the underlined wrds in the first paragraph prbably mean？ C
A．The public expressed their anger.
B．The prpsal was put up n a wall.
C．Unfavrable utcme was expected.
D．The gvernment adpted the plicy.
（2）What can be inferred abut England's railways？ D
A．They have expanded their services.
B．They have undergne ticketing refrm.
C．They have included mre transit znes.
D．They have seen a decline in public favr.
（3）What des paragraph 3 mainly fcus n？ C
A．The ppularity f car wnership.
B．The develpment f ticketing refrm.
C．The prblems f the ticketing system.
D．The applicatin f cmplex regulatins.
（4）What is the best title fr the text？ B
A．Rising Prices f Train Travel
B．Urgent Calls fr Rail Revival
C．Failed Clsure f Railway Statins
D．Tugh Rute t Green Transit Initiatives
【考点】说明文；旅游观光．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】CDCB
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍英国火车站售票系统需要改革以吸引更多人乘坐火车出行。
【解答】（1）词句猜测题。根据划线句上文Recently it has dawned n the gvernment that clsing mre than 1，000 f England's railway statin ticket ffices wuld nt be very smart plitics.（最近，英国政府意识到，关闭英国1000多个火车站售票处并不是一个明智的政治决策。）及下文when public anger led t an extensin f the cnsultatin perid n the prpsed clsures（当公众的愤怒导致建议关闭的咨询期延长时。）及By the time it ended，750，000 respnses had been recrded，99%f them negative.（到调查结束时，已经收到了75万条反馈，其中99%是否定的。）可知，这项决议没有得到支持，划线句意思为：不好的结果出现了，与C选项"预料到会出现不利结果"意思相近。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Cmbined with a refrmed ticketing system，that insight shuld nw infrm a psitive apprach t breathing life int England's railways and attracting mre peple back n t trains.（与改革后的票务系统相结合，这种见解现在应该为英格兰铁路注入活力并吸引更多的人重返火车提供积极的途径。）可推知，英国铁路系统的支持人数下降了。故选D。
（3）段落大意题。根据第三段As a reprt published this autumn by the Campaign fr Better Transprt sets ut，there is an urgent case fr fairer ticketing refrm acrss the netwrk.Fr ver a decade，the relative cst f taking the train rather than the car has skyrcketed，as fares have risen while fuel duty has been frzen.Over a third f the public are cnfused by the numerus types f ticket available，and the cmplex regulatins that apply t them.（正如"改善交通运动"今年秋天发布的一份报告所指出的，在整个铁路网络中，迫切需要进行更公平的票务改革。十多年来，乘坐火车而不是汽车的相对成本一直在飙升，因为票价上涨了，而燃油税却保持不变。超过三分之一的公众对种类繁多的车票以及适用于这些车票的复杂规定感到困惑。）可知，本段主要讲述现在的票价不合理，且票价类型也很令人困惑，即描述了票务系统的问题。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据全文尤其是最后一段But as the cuntry strives t achieve a challenging green transitin，the gvernment shuld wrk t establish a simpler，fairer ticketing system that ffers imaginative rewards t take the train；and t develp an ambitius plan fr ur statins —ne that reflects their imprtant rle in the lives f the travelling public.（但是，随着国家努力实现具有挑战性的绿色转型，政府应该努力建立一个更简单、更公平的票务系统，为乘坐火车的人提供富有想象力的奖励；并为我们的车站制定一个雄心勃勃的计划﹣﹣﹣一个反映它们在旅行公众生活中的重要作用的计划。）可知，本文主要介绍英国铁路票价及售票系统的问题，以及为了吸引更多人乘坐火车绿色出行所提出的改革措施。B选项Urgent Calls fr Rail Revival（铁路复兴的紧急呼吁）概括文意，适合作为最佳标题。故选B。
【点评】考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
考点卡片
1．日常生活
【考点介绍】
日常生活类文章在英语考试中通常以阅读理解的形式出现，主要考查学生的词汇量、阅读理解能力、文化背景知识和生活常识。
【解题思路】
1.快速阅读：了解文章的大致内容。注意文章中的生词和短语，以及段落的结构和逻辑关系。
2.细节阅读：仔细阅读题目，带着问题回到文章中，找到相关的细节信息。注意文章中的时间、地点、人物、事件等关键信息。
3.语境理解：对于一些不熟悉的词汇或表达，可以通过上下文推断其含义。
4.逻辑推理：根据文章中的信息进行推理，注意避免过度推理和主观臆断。
5.检查答案：完成所有的题目后，再次检查答案，确保没有遗漏或误解题意。
2．学习
【考点介绍】
这类文章通常会提供一些关于学习理论、学习方法或经验的文本，例如介绍新的学习技巧或总结学习策略，学生需要理解文本中的信息，并能够根据这些信息回答问题。
【解题思路】
1.快速阅读：了解文章的主题和结构，特别注意文章的开头和结尾部分，这些部分通常会提供关键信息。
2.细节阅读：仔细阅读题目，带着问题回到文章中，找到相关的细节信息。注意文章中的关键细节，例如数据、例子等。
3.语境理解：对于一些不熟悉的词汇或表达，可以通过上下文推断其含义。
4.逻辑推理：根据文章中的信息进行推理，注意避免过度推理和主观臆断。
5.检查答案：完成所有的题目后，再次检查答案，确保没有遗漏或误解题意。如果对某个答案有疑问，可以重新阅读相关段落，再次进行推理和分析。
3．创新与创业
【考点介绍】
这类文章通常会涉及到一些经济、管理、科技等领域的背景知识和相关案例，并要求考生具备一定的阅读理解能力、词汇量、语法知识和分析能力。
【解题思路】
1.细节阅读：带着问题回到文本中，找到相关的细节信息。注意文章中的事实、数据和关键细节。
2.语境理解：对于一些不熟悉的词汇或表达，可以通过上下文推断其含义。
3.逻辑推理：根据文章中的信息进行推理，注意避免过度推理和主观臆断。
4.检查答案：完成所有的题目后，再次检查答案，确保没有遗漏或误解题意。如果对某个答案有疑问，可以重新阅读相关段落，再次进行推理和分析。
4．人际交往
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，"人际交往"类语篇主要考查学生对人们之间交往和互动技巧与策略的理解和应用，以及在交往中所表现出的得体、礼貌和有效的沟通方式。这类语篇通常会以短文、对话、情境剧等形式出现，考查学生对相关知识的掌握情况和实际应用能力。
【解题思路】
1.抓住主题。
2.寻找关键信息：包括相关的技巧、策略、时间、地点、人物、事件等。
3.分析作者观点。
4.推敲细节。
5.检查答案：完成所有的题目后，再次检查答案，确保没有遗漏或误解题意。如果对某个答案有疑问，可以重新阅读相关段落，再次进行推理和分析。
5．文学与艺术
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，"文学与艺术"类语篇主要涉及文学、艺术和审美等方面的内容。这类语篇通常会以论述题、简答题、阅读理解题等形式出现，考查学生对文学和艺术基本概念、流派、作品以及艺术家的了解情况。
【解题思路】
1.阅读理解：阅读时应该抓住主题和重点，理解文章的核心观点和作者的思想感情。针对题目中的细节信息和文中的关键点，进行准确的分析和判断，掌握文章的主要内容和作者的意图。
2.论述题：对于论述题，首先应该明确题目要求，把握好论述的主题和方向。考生需要调动自己的知识储备，根据题目要求进行系统的论述。要注意逻辑性和连贯性，论点要明确，论据要充分，结论要合理。
3.简答题：对于简答题，应该简洁明了地回答问题。考生需要在短时间内用英语进行表达，因此答案要直接切题，明确要点，语言要简练。
4.语法选择：这类题目主要考查考生对语法规则和句型结构的掌握程度。考生需要熟练掌握英语语法，了解句子结构和常用的句型。在做题时要注意上下文的语境和逻辑关系，选择正确的语法形式。
5.写作：这类题目可能要求考生就某个文学或艺术话题写一篇文章。考生需要了解不同文学流派和艺术风格的特点和背景，掌握相关的术语和表达方式。写作时要注重文章的逻辑性和连贯性，同时运用适当的修辞手法增强文章的表现力。
6．传统习俗与文化
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，"传统习俗与文化"类语篇主要涉及不同国家和地区的文化传统和习俗。这类语篇通常会以介绍、叙述、论述等形式出现，考查学生对文化传统和习俗的了解和表达能力。
【解题思路】
1.阅读理解：阅读时，要抓住主题或关键信息，这类题目通常会涉及到特定的文化传统和习俗。考生需要理解文章的整体结构和作者的意图，注意细节信息的提取和整合。对于涉及文化传统和习俗的特定词汇和表达方式，需要特别留意。
2.完形填空：注意上下文之间的联系和逻辑关系，根据题目所给的上下文信息，确定正确的选项。考生在做题时需要注意全文的语境和上下文的联系，尤其是题目中的空格与上下文之间的关联。
3.写作：这类题目可能要求考生就某个文化传统或习俗写一篇文章。考生需要了解不同国家和地区的文化传统和习俗，掌握相关的术语和表达方式。写作时要注重文章的逻辑性和连贯性，同时运用适当的修辞手法增强文章的表现力。
7．教育
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，"教育"类语篇主要涉及教育体系、教育理论、教学方法等方面。这类语篇通常会以论述题、短文阅读、教学案例等形式出现，考查学生对教育问题的了解和语言表达能力。
【解题思路】
1.阅读理解：阅读时，要抓住主题或关键信息，这类题目通常会涉及到某个教育理论或教学方法的阐述和解释。考生需要理解文章的整体结构和作者的意图，注意细节信息的提取和整合。对于涉及教育的专业词汇和表达方式，需要特别留意。
2.完形填空：注意上下文之间的联系和逻辑关系，根据题目所给的上下文信息，确定正确的选项。考生在做题时需要注意全文的语境和上下文的联系，尤其是题目中的空格与上下文之间的关联。
3.写作：这类题目可能要求考生就某个教育问题或案例写一篇文章。考生需要了解不同阶段的教育特点、教育政策等，掌握相关的术语和表达方式。写作时要注重文章的逻辑性和连贯性，同时运用适当的修辞手法增强文章的表现力。
8．社会
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，"社会"类文章主要涉及社会现象、社会问题、社会政策等方面。这类文章通常会以论述题、短文阅读、新闻报道等形式出现，考查学生对社会问题的了解和语言表达能力。
【解题思路】
1.阅读理解：阅读时，要抓住主题或关键信息，这类题目通常会涉及到某个社会现象或政策的解析和评价。考生需要理解文章的整体结构和作者的意图，注意细节信息的提取和整合。对于涉及社会的专业词汇和表达方式，需要特别留意。
2.完形填空：注意上下文之间的联系和逻辑关系，根据题目所给的上下文信息，确定正确的选项。考生在做题时需要注意全文的语境和上下文的联系，尤其是题目中的空格与上下文之间的关联。
3.写作：这类题目可能要求考生就某个社会问题或现象写一篇文章。考生需要了解社会现象和社会政策的形成原因、影响等，掌握相关的术语和表达方式。写作时要注重文章的逻辑性和连贯性，同时运用适当的修辞手法增强文章的表现力。
9．科技
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，"科技"类文章主要涉及科学技术的发展、应用和影响等方面。这类文章通常会以论述题、短文阅读、科技报道等形式出现，考查学生对科技知识的了解和语言表达能力。
【解题思路】
1.阅读理解：阅读时，要抓住主题或关键信息，这类题目通常会涉及到某个科技概念或技术的阐述和解释。考生需要理解文章的整体结构和作者的意图，注意细节信息的提取和整合。对于涉及科技的专业词汇和表达方式，需要特别留意。
2.完形填空：注意上下文之间的联系和逻辑关系，根据题目所给的上下文信息，确定正确的选项。考生在做题时需要注意全文的语境和上下文的联系，尤其是题目中的空格与上下文之间的关联。
3.写作：这类题目可能要求考生就某个科技话题写一篇文章。考生需要了解最新的科技动态、发展趋势和应用领域，掌握相关的术语和表达方式。写作时要注重文章的逻辑性和连贯性，同时运用适当的修辞手法增强文章的表现力。
10．科普知识
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，"科普知识"类文章主要涉及科学领域中的各种知识。这类文章通常会以论述题、短文阅读、科普报告等形式出现，考查学生对科普知识的了解和语言表达能力。
【解题思路】
1.阅读理解：阅读时，要抓住主题或关键信息，这类题目通常会涉及到某个科学现象或理论的解释和阐述。考生需要理解文章的整体结构和作者的意图，注意细节信息的提取和整合。对于涉及科普知识的专业词汇和表达方式，需要特别留意。
2.完形填空：注意上下文之间的联系和逻辑关系，根据题目所给的上下文信息，确定正确的选项。考生在做题时需要注意全文的语境和上下文的联系，尤其是题目中的空格与上下文之间的关联。
3.写作：这类题目可能要求考生就某个科普话题写一篇文章。考生需要了解科普知识中的基本概念、原理及其应用，掌握相关的术语和表达方式。写作时要注重文章的逻辑性和连贯性，同时运用适当的修辞手法增强文章的表现力。
11．旅游观光
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，"旅游观光"类文章主要涉及旅游景点、旅游文化、旅游体验等方面。这类文章通常会以论述题、短文阅读、旅游报告等形式出现，考查学生对旅游文化的了解和语言表达能力。
【解题思路】
1.阅读理解：阅读时，要抓住主题或关键信息，这类题目通常会涉及到某个旅游景点或旅游文化的理解和分析。考生需要理解文章的整体结构和作者的意图，注意细节信息的提取和整合。对于涉及旅游的专业词汇和表达方式，需要特别留意。
2.完形填空：注意上下文之间的联系和逻辑关系，根据题目所给的上下文信息，确定正确的选项。考生在做题时需要注意全文的语境和上下文的联系，尤其是题目中的空格与上下文之间的关联。
3.写作：这类题目可能要求考生就某个旅游景点或旅游文化写一篇文章。考生需要了解著名景点的历史背景、文化内涵和旅游体验等，掌握相关的术语和表达方式。写作时要注重文章的逻辑性和连贯性，同时运用适当的修辞手法增强文章的表现力。
12．自然科学研究成果
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，"自然科学研究成果"类文章主要涉及自然科学领域的研究项目、研究方法和研究成果等方面。这类文章通常会以论述题、科技论文摘要、研究报告等形式出现，考查学生对自然科学研究成果的理解和语言表达能力。
【解题思路】
1.阅读理解：阅读时，要抓住主题或关键信息，这类题目通常会涉及到某个自然科学研究成果的阐述和解释。考生需要理解文章的整体结构和作者的意图，注意细节信息的提取和整合。对于涉及自然科学的专业词汇和表达方式，需要特别留意。
2.完形填空：注意上下文之间的联系和逻辑关系，根据题目所给的上下文信息，确定正确的选项。考生在做题时需要注意全文的语境和上下文的联系，尤其是题目中的空格与上下文之间的关联。
3.写作：这类题目可能要求考生就某个自然科学研究成果写一篇文章。考生需要了解最新的自然科学研究成果、研究方法和应用前景等，掌握相关的术语和表达方式。写作时要注重文章的逻辑性和连贯性，同时运用适当的修辞手法增强文章的表现力。
13．环境保护
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，"环境保护"类文章主要涉及环境问题、环境保护措施和环保意识等方面。这类文章通常会以论述题、短文阅读、环保报告等形式出现，考查学生对环境保护问题的了解和语言表达能力。
【解题思路】
1.阅读理解：阅读时，要抓住主题或关键信息，这类题目通常会涉及到某个环境问题的描述和解释。考生需要理解文章的整体结构和作者的意图，注意细节信息的提取和整合。对于涉及环境保护的专业词汇和表达方式，需要特别留意。
2.完形填空：注意上下文之间的联系和逻辑关系，根据题目所给的上下文信息，确定正确的选项。考生在做题时需要注意全文的语境和上下文的联系，尤其是题目中的空格与上下文之间的关联。
3.写作：这类题目可能要求考生就某个环境保护问题写一篇文章。考生需要了解当前的环境问题、环境保护的重要性和措施等，掌握相关的术语和表达方式。写作时要注重文章的逻辑性和连贯性，同时运用适当的修辞手法增强文章的表现力。
14．宇宙探索
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，"宇宙探索"类文章主要涉及宇宙学领域的知识，包括天体物理学、宇宙起源、星系构成、黑洞等。这类文章通常会以论述题、短文阅读、科学报告等形式出现，考查学生对宇宙探索领域的了解和语言表达能力。需要掌握以下内容：
1.词汇与表达：宇宙探索类语篇涉及大量专业词汇和科技术语，如黑洞、暗物质、引力波等。考生需要掌握这些词汇及其在宇宙探索中的含义和用法。此外，该类语篇还经常使用一些科学缩写和首字母缩略词，如NASA、Hubble等，考生需要理解其含义并能够正确使用。
2.篇章结构与逻辑：宇宙探索类语篇通常遵循特定的篇章结构和逻辑关系，如按照时间顺序或从一般到特殊的顺序来组织内容。考生需要掌握这种结构，并能够根据给定的信息和指导进行归纳总结。
3.科学方法和研究：宇宙探索类语篇通常涉及科学研究的方法和过程，如假设、实验、数据分析和解释等。考生需要了解这些科学方法的基本概念和使用技巧，并能够理解如何从数据中得出结论。
4.人类在宇宙中的角色：宇宙探索类语篇经常讨论人类在宇宙中的角色和影响，包括人类的起源、太空探索的意义、地球与宇宙的关系等。考生需要了解这些话题的重要性和相关性，并能够将其与人类对宇宙的理解联系起来。
【解题思路】
1.阅读理解：阅读时，要抓住主题或关键信息，这类题目通常会涉及到某个宇宙现象或理论的解释和阐述。考生需要理解文章的整体结构和作者的意图，注意细节信息的提取和整合。对于涉及宇宙探索的专业词汇和表达方式，需要特别留意。
2.完形填空：注意上下文之间的联系和逻辑关系，根据题目所给的上下文信息，确定正确的选项。考生在做题时需要注意全文的语境和上下文的联系，尤其是题目中的空格与上下文之间的关联。
3.写作：这类题目可能要求考生就某个宇宙探索领域的话题写一篇文章。考生需要了解最新的宇宙探索成果、研究方法和应用前景等，掌握相关的术语和表达方式。写作时要注重文章的逻辑性和连贯性，同时运用适当的修辞手法增强文章的表现力。
15．记叙文
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，"记叙文"类文章主要涉及个人或他人的经历、事件、情感等方面，通常以第一人称或第三人称的角度进行叙述。这类文章可能包括故事、回忆录、游记、传记等不同形式，考查学生对语言表达和情感态度的理解能力。
【解题思路】
1.抓住主题和关键信息：阅读时要注意文章中的时间、地点、人物和事件等关键信息，并理解作者的情感态度和主题。
2.理解文章结构：记叙文通常有时间顺序、因果关系等结构特点，注意把握文章中的转折、承接等逻辑关系。
3.注意细节：阅读时要注重细节描写，这些细节可能直接或间接地反映出作者的情感和态度，也可能构成文章的线索。
4.完形填空：在完形填空题中，要根据上下文语境和语法知识选择正确选项。注意人物性格和情感的变化以及情节的推进。
5.写作：如果要求写作记叙文，要明确人称和时态，注意事件的起承转合和人物性格的刻画。同时，运用适当的修辞手法可以增强文章的表现力。
16．说明文
【考点介绍】
在英语中，"说明文"类文章通常涉及对某个特定主题或观点的详细阐述。这类文章通常具有明确的目的，旨在解释某个概念、过程或观点，帮助读者更好地理解和掌握。与议论文不同的是，说明文不涉及个人观点和立场，而是侧重于客观地阐述事实和信息。
【解题思路】
1.理解主题和目的：注意文章的标题和开头段落，这可以帮助你快速了解文章的主题和作者要阐述的内容。
2.抓住主要特点：例如事物或现象的主要特点、工作原理或操作步骤等。
3.分析文章结构：通常来说，说明文会按照以下结构展开：引言（Intrductin）、主体（Bdy）和结论（Cnclusin）。
4.细节阅读：注意文章中使用的实例、数据和插图等辅助材料。
5.完形填空：要根据上下文语境和语法知识选择正确选项。注意选项之间的逻辑关系和语法搭配，同时要结合文章的主题和内容进行推理。
6.写作：要明确主题和目的，安排好文章结构。在写作过程中，使用适当的语言表达自己的观点和解释，同时要注意语言的准确性和逻辑性。可以使用实例、数据和图表等辅助材料来支持你的观点。
17．应用文
【考点介绍】
英语中的"应用文"类语篇通常包括书信、电子邮件、备忘录、报告、申请书、新闻报道等，这些语篇通常遵循一定的格式和惯例，主要目的是为了传达信息、提出建议或请求、提供服务等。与说明文不同的是，应用文更加注重读者需求和目的，强调信息的准确性和实用性。应用文类语篇的考点主要涉及写作目的和格式的掌握，语言表达能力和语法的准确性，以及提供充分的证据来支持所述内容等方面。包含以下内容：
1.书信：书信通常包括信头、日期、收件人地址、称呼、信文、结束语和签名等部分。考点通常涉及信文的写作目的、信件格式、礼貌用语、语言表达能力和语法。
2.电子邮件：电子邮件通常包括主题、收件人地址、称呼、正文、结尾和签名等部分。考点通常涉及电子邮件的写作目的、格式、语言表达能力和语法。此外，电子邮件通常使用简洁明了的语言，避免使用过于复杂或正式的语言。
3.备忘录：备忘录通常包括标题、收件人地址、称呼、正文、结尾和签名等部分。考点通常涉及备忘录的写作目的、格式、语言表达能力和语法。备忘录通常使用简洁明了的语言，避免使用过于复杂或正式的语言。
4.报告：报告通常包括标题、摘要、正文和结论等部分。考点通常涉及报告的写作目的、格式、语言表达能力和语法。此外，报告中通常需要使用数据和事实支持结论，并使用合适的图表和图片来清晰地呈现信息。
5.申请书：申请书通常包括标题、个人资料、申请理由、证明文件和签名等部分。考点通常涉及申请书的写作目的、格式、语言表达能力和语法。此外，申请书中需要提供充分的申请理由，并使用合适的证明文件来支持申请。
6.新闻报道：新闻报道通常包括标题、导语、主体和结尾等部分。考点通常涉及新闻报道的写作目的、格式、语言表达能力和语法。此外，新闻报道中需要提供准确的信息来源和事实，避免使用主观语言和情绪化表达。
【解题思路】
1.明确目的和读者：注意文章的标题、开头和结尾，这可以帮助你了解作者要传达的信息和读者需要知道的内容。
2.抓住关键信息：例如时间、地点、人物、事件、数据等。这些信息是构成文章主体的核心内容。
3.分析文章结构：通常来说，应用文会按照以下结构展开：引言（Intrductin）、主体（Bdy）和结论（Cnclusin）。
4.注意语言表达：应用文的用词和语气通常比较正式和客观。
5.完形填空：要根据上下文语境和语法知识选择正确选项。注意选项之间的逻辑关系和语法搭配，同时要结合文章的目的和内容进行推理。
6.写作：要明确目的和读者对象，安排好文章结构。在写作过程中，使用适当的语言表达自己的观点和信息，同时要注意语言的准确性和逻辑性。可以使用表格、图表等辅助材料来支持你的观点。
18．细节理解
【考点介绍】
英语阅读中的"细节理解"考点主要考察考生对文章中特定细节的理解和把握能力。这类考点通常会以各种形式出现，例如直接细节题、间接细节题、细节转换题等。这类题目通常会涉及到文章中的一些具体事实、细节，如时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等。
【解题思路】
1.抓住关键词：首先，考生需要先明确题目中询问的具体内容，一般来说，题目中的"细节"一词通常会与时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等关键词一起出现。
2.精准定位：在找到关键词后，考生需要快速浏览文章，找到与题目中询问的内容相关的段落。注意，题目中的细节可能会出现在不同的段落中，因此考生需要仔细阅读每个段落，尤其是包含关键词的句子及其周围的句子。
3.理解细节内容：在找到相关段落后，考生需要仔细阅读该段落的每一句话，理解其具体含义。对于其中的时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等细节信息，考生需要特别注意。同时，考生还需要注意段落中的逻辑关系，这有助于理解细节信息的真正含义。
4.对比选项：一般来说，正确答案会在原文中直接给出或者根据原文中的细节信息进行推理得到。考生要注意选项中的细节是否与原文一致，尤其要注意那些在原文中被特别强调的信息。
5.排除干扰项：有些选项可能会给出与原文相似但不完全一致的信息，或者给出一些原文中没有提到的信息。考生要学会识别这些干扰项，从而排除它们，找到正确答案。

19．主旨大意
【考点介绍】
主旨大意题是指考生需根据文章整体内容，概括出文章的主题、主旨或者核心观点。这类题目要求考生能够理解和把握文章的宏观结构，同时能够从文章中获取关键信息并对其进行归纳总结。主旨大意题在英语阅读考试中十分常见，且通常作为考试的最后一道题目出现。
【解题思路】
1.快速浏览全文：对文章的内容和结构有一个大致的了解。在阅读过程中，要注意抓住文章的关键段落和语句。
2.寻找主题句：主题句通常位于文章的开头或结尾，能够概括文章的主要内容。考生要学会识别主题句，它通常是具有概括性、总结性的句子，有时还可能包含文章的主题词。
3.归纳总结：如果文章没有明确的主题句，考生需要通过理解全文内容，归纳总结出文章的主旨大意。要特别注意那些反复出现的关键词和强调的内容。
4.比对选项：在确定主旨大意后，考生需要比对选项，找到最能概括文章主旨的那一个。注意选项中是否包含关键词、是否忠于原文、是否过于片面或绝对。
5.排除干扰项：有些选项可能会偏离文章主题，或者包含与文章无关的信息，考生要学会排除这些干扰项，找到最符合文章主旨的选项。
20．推理判断
【考点介绍】
推理判断题是英语阅读中的高级题型，它要求考生在理解文章的基础上，根据文章中的线索和提示，推断出作者未明确表述的观点或态度。推理判断题不仅要求考生对文章有深入的理解，还要求考生具备分析、推理和判断的能力。推理判断题通常会以两种形式出现：直接推理题和间接推理题。
【解题思路】
1.理解全文：首先，考生需要理解全文的大意和结构，了解作者的观点和态度。要特别注意那些表明作者观点或态度的关键词和语句，如形容词、副词、动词等。
2.抓住细节：要特别注意那些与文章主题相关的细节，如数据、事实、例子等。
3.分析推理：需要根据文章中的线索和提示，运用逻辑推理和分析判断的能力，推断出作者未明确表述的观点或态度。
4.比对选项：注意选项中是否与文章内容相符、是否符合逻辑、是否忠于原文。
5.排除干扰项：有些选项可能会偏离文章的主题或作者的意图，或者包含错误的信息，考生要学会排除这些干扰项，找到最符合文章内容和作者意图的选项。
21．词句猜测
【考点介绍】
词句猜测题是英语阅读中的常见题型之一，它要求考生在遇到生词或难以理解的句子时，能够通过上下文的信息进行推断和理解。这种能力对于阅读理解能力的提高非常有帮助，因为在实际的阅读过程中，我们经常会遇到一些不认识的单词或无法理解的句子。因此，考生需要学会利用上下文信息来猜测词句的意思。
1．词义猜测这种题经常是以以下的方式进行：
The wrd in paragraph can best be replaced by…
The underlined wrd mst prbably means..．
By saying ，the authr means…
The expressin is clsest t…
Accrding t the passage，the phrase suggests…
The underlined part （in Para． ） means …
2．词义猜测的方法
（1）利用构词法猜测词义
Failure at this later stage is unthinkable．
我们可以将 unthinkable 这个词拆成 un，think，able，其中 think 是词根，意为"想，认为"，un 是前缀，表示否定意义，able 是"能……的，可……的"，因此 unthinkable 的意思是"不可想象的"．
（2）利用文中的定义猜测词义
A crrespndent is a persn with whm anther persn exchanges letters regularly．根据其定义不难猜出其意为"通信者"．
（3）利用同义词或近义词猜测词义
The ld wman has a strange habit t keep ver 100 cats in her huse．Her neighburs all called her an eccentric lady．通过上下文可知 strange 为 eccentric 的同义词，由此我们可以猜出其意为 "怪的，古怪的"．
（4）利用反义词猜测词义
Unlike her gregarius sister，Alice is a shy，unsciable persn wh des nt like t g t parties r t make new friends．此句把 Alice 和她姐姐进行对比，说 Alice 性格腼腆、不爱交际，而她姐姐却与之相反，这样可知 gregarius 为 unsciable （不爱好交际的） 的反义词，意为爱好交际的．
（5）利用文意来猜测词义
The dr was s lw that I hit my head n the lintel．根据句意"门很矮，我的头撞在……"来看，头一定是撞在"横梁"上了．
（6）利用举例或实例猜测词义
David is ften vracius．One day he ate as much as three punds f meat．通过实例，可猜出 vracius 为"狼吞虎咽的"．
（7）利用常识或生活经历猜测词义
All the huses in this twn cllapsed during the strng earthquake．经验告诉我们，强烈的地震会使房屋倒塌，这样容易猜出 cllapsed 意为"倒塌"．
（8）利用词义重复猜测词义
My uncle was a nmad，an incurable wander wh culd never stay in ne place．后半句其实是对前半句的重复表达，这样可以猜出 nmad 就是 wanderer（流浪者）的意思．
（9）利用词义转折来猜测词义
This little girl is nt stupid，n the cntrary，n ne culd be mre intelligent．根据 n the cntrary 可以推出 intelligent 与 stupid 意思相反，意为"聪明的，有才能的"．
（10）利用上下文逻辑关系猜测词义
She brught ut a lt f things fr us t eat﹣apples，pears，bananas，grapes， manges and sme biscuits．依据上文"她拿出许多东西给我吃"以及 apples，pears，bananas 等词，很容易猜出这些词是食物．
【解题思路】
1.上下文阅读：尤其是与待猜测的单词或句子相关的内容。要特别注意那些能够提供线索的关键词和语句，如形容词、副词、动词等。
2.语境分析：即作者所描述的情境和情感等。
3.猜测推测：可以先根据上下文的逻辑关系，尝试理解单词或句子的意思；如果无法直接猜测，可以借助同义词、反义词等常见的语言现象进行推断。
4.排除干扰项：有些选项可能会偏离正确的意思，或者包含错误的信息，考生要学会排除这些干扰项，找到最符合文章内容和上下文线索的选项。
5.选择正确答案：注意选项中是否与自己猜测的意思相符、是否符合逻辑、是否忠于原文。
声明：试题解析著作权属菁优网所有，未经书面同意，不得复制发布日期：2024/11/5 16:06:53；用户：组卷59；邮箱：[email protected]；学号：41419022
Yung Experimenters
June17﹣21
＄200
Participate in hands﹣n experiments frm envirnmental disciplines f science.By using the scientific methd，recrding data and running experiments，students will study and cnnect with the natural wrld.
The Wildness Week
June 24﹣28
＄220
D yu knw hw t catch a fish，where t find frgs r hw t cpy the call f a red wing black bird？D yu want t learn hw t find pure water and build a temprary living place？We'll give yu the utdr skills t is cver the hidden wnders f nature.
Animal Antics
July 8﹣12
＄230
Frm the cmmn squirrel t the mysterius wind scrpin，the ELC is hme t an abundance f wildlife.We'll spend the week studying them thrugh explratin，bservatin and experimentatin.
Outdr﹣lgists
July 22﹣26
＄260
Ever wnder what it takes t spend a career ut in nature？This week f camp will fcus learning abut n all the different srts f peple wh wrk utside.
Refund Plicy
Cancellatins made n r prir t March 20 will be refunded at 100%.Cancellatins made between March 21 and April 17 will lse the ＄50 depsit.Ater April 17 and up t tw weeks prir t the first day f camp，a 50% refund will be given.After tw weeks prir，n refunds will be given.
Yung Experimenters
June17﹣21
＄200
Participate in hands﹣n experiments frm envirnmental disciplines f science.By using the scientific methd，recrding data and running experiments，students will study and cnnect with the natural wrld.
The Wildness Week
June 24﹣28
＄220
D yu knw hw t catch a fish，where t find frgs r hw t cpy the call f a red wing black bird？D yu want t learn hw t find pure water and build a temprary living place？We'll give yu the utdr skills t is cver the hidden wnders f nature.
Animal Antics
July 8﹣12
＄230
Frm the cmmn squirrel t the mysterius wind scrpin，the ELC is hme t an abundance f wildlife.We'll spend the week studying them thrugh explratin，bservatin and experimentatin.
Outdr﹣lgists
July 22﹣26
＄260
Ever wnder what it takes t spend a career ut in nature？This week f camp will fcus learning abut n all the different srts f peple wh wrk utside.
Refund Plicy
Cancellatins made n r prir t March 20 will be refunded at 100%.Cancellatins made between March 21 and April 17 will lse the ＄50 depsit.Ater April 17 and up t tw weeks prir t the first day f camp，a 50% refund will be given.After tw weeks prir，n refunds will be given.